Master Nanoscience and Nanotechnology - KU Leuven...Quantum physics Chemistry and biochemistry Nano-electronics Biology and biophysics Material science Nanotechnology = applications

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Master Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

G. GroesenekenProgram director

Outline

• What is Nanoscience and Nanotechnology ?– What is it ?– Examples– Applications

• Master Nanoscience and Nanotechnology– Structure– Course clusters– Master thesis– Industrial internships– Applications and deadlines

• Erasmus Mundus Master Nanoscience and Nanotechnology– What is it ?– Structure– Applications and deadlines

• Perspectives

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The Classic Talk: “There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom”Richard Feynman

Noble Prize Physics 1965

• ”The principles of physics do not speak against the possibility of maneuvering things atom by atom. It is not an attempt to violate any laws; it is something, in principle, that can be done; but in practice, it has notbeen done because we are too big”

• ”I want to build a billion tiny factories, models of eachother, which are manufacturing simultaneously, drillingholes, stamping parts, and so on.

The vision or the dream ?

Nanoscience= study of phenomena and

manipulation of materials at the atomic, molecular and macromolecular scale(nanometers), where the propertiesare significantly different from thoseat larger scale !

Nanotechnology= application of nano-effects and

nanomaterials, structures and concepts in new devices, systemsand products

What is nanoscience and nanotechnology ?

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Nanotechnology ?

Nanotechnology:

= Methods and tools for the fabrication and application of structures at the nanometer scale (1 to 100nm)

Influenza virus

100 nanometer (nm)

Atom

0.3 nanometer (nm)

NANOTECHNOLOGY

What is special at the nanoscale?

• Reactivity ~ outside atoms (chemical reactivity)• Quantum properties change (optical properties different)• Material properties change (strength, conduction, magnetic…)• New materials by synthesis (1022) => (nanotoxicity research!)• Chemical decoration possible (“hooks” to bio)• …

A NEW FRONTIER TO BE DISCOVERED, ASSESSED, APPLIED.

WILL IMPACT ALL INDUSTRIES

Nano

54 atoms

24 outside 36 outside

nm

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What is Nanoscience and nanotechnology ?

Nanoscience = science of small dimensions (nm)

Quantum physicsChemistry and biochemistryNano-electronicsBiology and biophysicsMaterial science

Nanotechnology = applications of small dimensions (nm)

Device and material physicsIC-Process technologyDesign methodology for nano-electronicsNew devices and sensorsBio-nanosystems

Nanoscience and nanotechnology

Key = multidisciplinarity– interface of different scientific disciplines

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• “Top-down” nanofabricationImplementation of various techniquesto remove, add or redistribute atomsor molecules in a bulk material to create a final structure.

• “Bottom-up” nanofabricationAtomic and molecular scale directedself-assembly to create larger scalestructures with engineered properties.

Machined

Assembled

Nanofabrication approaches: top-down vs bottom-up

From micro- tot nanoelectronics

Top-down scalingLithographyNew materials

AlSi,SiO2

Poly-SiSi3N4

TiSi2CoSi2TaSi2MoSi2WSi2

WCu, TiN

Low-k dielectrics

PZT, SBT

Metal gates

High-k dielectrics

?

1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

Mat

eria

ls

TRENDS IN IC MATERIALS

More Moore !

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YANO et al. , IEEE ED-41, 1628 (1994)

Source: Hitachi

Single electron memory transistor

Top-down vs bottom-up approach

Microelectronics

ChemistryBiologyAtomic manipulation

Top-down

Bottom-up

Molecular electronicsOrganic electronicsBioelectronicsNanoMEMSNanotechnology

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SpintronicsSemiconductor

devices:Charge = carrier

of information

Magnetic devices:Spin = carrier of information

New devicesNew functionalityNew applications

Semiconductor-based spintronics• Spin in non-magnetic semiconductors

• Injection: Spin LED• … and detection: SpinFET

• (Ferro)magnetic semiconductors

Metal-based spintronics• Magnetic (bio-)sensors• MRAM • Spin torque oscillators• Magnetophotonics

"more than Moore"

"no more Moore"

Carbon Nanotubes, buckyballs, nanowires

2 μm

S

DG

First CNT transistor

R. Martel et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 73 (1998) 2447.

Carbon Nanotubes

Nanowires

Buckyballs

CNT transistors

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Nano-Building BlocksDiameter : 1 nm

Nanotubes100* steel strengthElectronics, medicine… Nanowires

Transistors, batteries, catalysts …

Nano Particles

TiO2Anti-AdhesiveSun Screen…

H2 StorageMembranes

Filters(BASF)

Graphene based elecronics ?

diamond graphite graphene carbon nanotube buckyballs

SEM

Au contacts

SiO2 /Si substrate

Graphene wireW=200nm ?

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Convergence on the Nano-Scale…

cmμmnm

BIOTECH

transistor

x109

NANOELECTRONICS

31n m31n m

40 µm

Fromherz

ICT interfaces Bio at Nano-Scale…

© IMEC-HUJI 2003

electrical

action potential

chemical

neurotransmitter

ICT Interpretation-control-transmissionChip

Neuron

IMEC-VIBK.U.Leuven

AlzheimerParkinsonBrain ResearchNeuroprobes…

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Convergence on the Nano-Scale…

cmμmnm

BIOTECH

Nano ParticlesNANOTECH

transistor

x109

NANOELECTRONICS

31n m31n m

Nanotechnology promising for health applications

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1

The PAMELA instrument….

2 3

EU PAMELA PROJECTSource: IMEC

Micro FluidicsSilicon Chip Bio-Sensor

Lab-on-a-Chip (IMEC Prostate Cancer Detection)

Applications

• "Nanotechnology is an area which has highly promising prospects for turning fundamental research into successful innovations. Not only to boost the competitiveness of our industry but also to create new products that will make positive changes in the lives of our citizens, be it in medicine, environment, electronics or any other field."

• (European Commissioner for Science & Research, JanezPotočnik)

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Possible application area

• Smart materials• Sensors• Nanoscale biostructures• Energy capture and storage• Health• Environmental• Nanoelectronics• …• …

Will Impact all existing industries…

Other

Aerospace

Chemicals

Pharmaceuticals

Electronics

Materials

Nanotechnology related goods and services by 2010-2015

NSF Estimate: 1.1 Trillion $

Source: NSF/In Realis

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Source : Samsung Corporation

Prototype of a Carbon NanotubeColour Screen

The IBM “millipede” : AFM tips for data storage

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21st Century ICT: The Post-PC era

Broadband WirelessPersonal Assistant

PolymerElectronics

Dissapearing ICT

15 more years of Moore and More than Moore…Before we reach quantum limits…

Smart Sensorsand Actuators

On the way to…

More Moore More Than Moore

WWW

Source : Koparka, Nanosys

.

Tiny solar cells can be printed onto flexible, very thin light-retaining materials.

Until recently, photovoltaic cells were derivedfrom silicon semiconductor technology. Recent research into improving the efficiency of PV cells has gone into polymer materials. Plastic semiconductors are highly flexible butinefficient, converting less than 6% of the energy landing on them.

Currently, researchers use nanocrystals made of lead sulfide, which can be “tuned” to absorbwavelenghts from the red to the deep infrared. Combined with polymer sensitive to green and blue light, nanocrystals can convert red and infrared light to energy the polymer can turn into electrical current.

Thin Flexible Photovoltaic Cells

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Nanotechnology Applications in Automotive Industry

Nanotechnology Applications inAircraft Industry

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Nanotechnology in future everyday life

Potential Applications in Nanotechnology

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Outline




• Perspectives

KU Leuven Master Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

• New Master, running over the disciplines of three contributing Faculties of the University: – Natural Sciences: departments of Physics and Chemistry – Engineering Sciences: departments of Electrical Engineering

and Material Sciences – Bioengineering sciences

• 3 Masters: Dutch Master, English Master, Erasmus Mundus Master

• Part of the teaching staff related to IMEC, bringing a strong component in the area of nano-electronics

• Total of 120 study points over two years• Master program director: Guido Groeseneken

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Master Nanoscience and nanotechnology

Objectives:Provide top-quality academic multidisciplinary education in nano-science as well as in the use of nano-technologies for systems and sensors at the macro-scale.

Targeted students:interested in basic science and technologyinterested in new applications and electronicsinterested in multidisciplinary knowledge

Features and acquire skills

Features:– Multidisciplinary: at interface of different scientific

disciplines– Strong link with recent innovations and research

results in the field of nanotechnology (cfr. IMEC)– Future oriented: large expectations for

nanotechnology in broad range of applications– Room for elective courses from large number of

disciplines– Ethical and societal aspects of nanotechnology are

treated as well

Acquired skills:– Material choice– Design of new structures and circuits– Process control– Manufacturing aspects: reliability and yield– Characterization techniques– Fundamental sciences: physics, chemistry at the

nanometer scale

2 μm

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ECTS credit points

• 1 ects = 25 to 30 hours of study• 1 year = 60 ects = 1500 to 1800 hours of

study !• Study can be: colleges, project work,

exercise or lab sessions, studying for the exams

Tota

l of 1

20 s

tpov

er 2

yea

rs

3 Graduating options 60 stp

Structure of the Master: 120 stp !

Introductory courses 15 stp

Non-technical courses 12 stp

Core courses 33 stpMaterial physics and technology for nanoelectronics 6 stpChemistry at the nanometer scale 6 stpTechnology of integrated systems 6 stpNanostructured bio-macromolecules 6 stpMicrosystems and sensors 3 stpAdvanced nano-electronic components 3 stpCapita Selecta seminars on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology: 3 stp

Bio-engineerEngineer Natural science

Specific courses15 stp

Cluster 1 or Cluster 2


Cluster 4


Cluster 5 or Cluster 6

Broadening courses15 stp

Elective courses fromClusters 1-7

(or 9 stp + Ind. Stage)







Master thesis30 stp

Master thesis30 stp

Master thesis30 stp

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Introductory courses (15 stp)

Student can choose upto a maximum of 15 stp from:

• Semiconductor devices 3 stpHeremans/Groeseneken

• Basic electronic circuits (Dutch only) 3 stpSansen

• Structure, synthesis and cellular 3 stpfunction of macromoleculesVanderleyden

• Semiconductor Physics 3 stpMaes

• Quantum physics 3 stpF. Denef

• Atomic theory, chemical periodicity 3 stpand chemical bonds (Dutch only)Creemers

Non-technical courses (12 stp)

Student can choose a total of 12 stp from:

• Innovation management and strategy 6 stpK. Debackere

• Economics of information systems 4 stpG. Dedene

• Intellectual property management 4 stpMM

• Software project management 3 stpPoels

• Total quality management 3 stpPeirs

• Dutch for foreigners 3 stp

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Core courses (33 stp)

All students follow the core courses:• Material physics and technology 6 stp

for nanoelectronicsK. Maex/M. Houssa

• Advanced nanoelectronic components 3 stpM. Van Rossum

• Technology of integrated systems 6 stpR. Mertens/G. Declerck/D. Wouters

• Microsystems and Sensors 3 stpB. Puers

• Chemistry at the nanometer scale 6 stpS.De Feyter

• Nanostructured bio-macromolecules 6 stpY. Engelborghs

• Lectures on Nanoscience and 3 stpnanotechnH. Maes

Clusters

Cluster 1 – Device implementationCluster 2 – Electronics 1

Cluster 3 – Electronics 2

Cluster 4 – Biological systems

Cluster 5 – Natural sciences 1

Cluster 6 – Natural sciences 2

Cluster 7 – Materials

Engineering

Sciences

Bio-engineering

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Cluster 1: Device implementation (15 stp)

Cluster 1 can be chosen as one of the specific clusters for Engineering option (if chosen all courses obligatory)

• RF aspects of integrated 3 stpcomponents and circuitsD. Schreurs

• Models and technology for 3 stpelectronic and opto-electonic systemsP. Heremans

• Reliability and yield of 3 stpintegrated componentsG. Groeseneken

• Physical materials characterization 3 stptechniques for electronic devicesW. Vandervorst

• Practical design for micro- & nano-electronics 3 stpC. Van Hoof

Cluster 2: Electronics 1 (15 stp)

Cluster 2 can be chosen as one of the specific clusters for Engineering option (if chosen all courses obligatory)

• Transistormodels and 6 stpelectronic circuitsW. Sansen

• Design of digital integrated circuits 6 stpW. Dehaene

• Computerarchitectures 3 stpR. Lauwereins (nl), R. Belmans (Eng)

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Cluster 3: Electronics 2 (15 stp)

Cluster 3 can be only be chosen as a broadening cluster (all courses elective)

• Analog blocks for signal processing 6 stpG. Gielen

• Computer aided analog design 3 stpG. Gielen

• Design of analog integrated circuits 6 stpM. Steyaert

Cluster 4: Biological systems (15 stp)

Cluster 4 is an obligatory cluster for the Bio-engineering option

• Bio-response measurements 3 stpand process controlD. Berckmans

• Sensor technology and bioelectronics 3 stpJ. Lammertyn

• System fysiology 3 stpG. Bultynck

• Fysicochemistry of biological systems 6 stpY. Engelborghs

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Cluster 5: Natural sciences 1 (15 stp)

Cluster 5 can be chosen as one of the specific clusters for Natural sciences option (if chosen all courses obligatory)

• Photophysics and photochemistry of 3 stpmolecular materialsM. Van der Auweraer

• Projectwork Nanoscience 3 stpA. Stesmans

• Mesoscopic Physics 3 stpV. Moschalkov

• Physical chemistry of polymers 3 stpE. Nies

• Electronic structure of molecular materials 3 stpL. Chibotaru

Cluster 6: Natural sciences 2 (15 stp)

Cluster 6 can be chosen as one of the specific clusters for Natural sciences option (if chosen all courses obligatory)

• Computational methods in solid state physics3 stpS. Cottenier/L. Chibotaru

• Electrochemical methods of 3 stpInorganic ChemistryNN

• Scanning probe microscopy 3 stpC. Van Haesendonck

• Crystallography 3 stpL. Van Meervelt/B. Goderis

• Magnetic resonance 3 stpA. Stesmans

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Cluster 7: Materials (15 stp)

Cluster 7 can be only be chosen as a broadening cluster (all courses elective)

• Advanced ceramic processing and case studies 3 stpJ. Vleugels

• Coatings and surface engineering 3 stpJ.P. Celis

• Functional properties 3 stpO Van der Biest

• Synthesis and chemistry of 6 stphighly divided solid materials J. Martens

• Materials characterization techniques 3 stpL. Froyen

• Heat and mass transfer in biotechnical processes 3 stpB. Nicolai

Master thesis

• Master thesis project aims to bring students in close contact with a multidisciplinary research environment

• Students will be assigned a research project, where they will work in close interaction with PhD studens, postdocsand professors

• Students have to design, plan, carry out and report on own experimental or theoretical work

• Thesis is finalized with a written thesis manuscript, a public presentation of the work and a publishable summary

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Industrial internship

• Students can replace 6 stp from the broadening cluster by an industial internship

• 9 remaining credits are taken as elective courses from the various clusters

• Industrial internship runs during summer months between 1st and 2nd master year

Admission and applicationFrom outside K.U.Leuven, admission decisions are based upon evaluation of a complete application file:

Bachelor of EngineeringBachelor of PhysicsBachelor of ChemistryBachelor of BiochemistryBachelor of Electrical EngineeringBachelor of Materials ScienceBachelor of Bioscience Engineering

Except for native speakers, students must present proof of a test of English proficiency.

Requirements: a 75% grade point average and the TOEFL paper test (550) or computer test (213), indicating a C-1 level on the Common European Framework of the Council of Europe (www.culture2.coe.int/portfolio).

The application deadline for the Master is March 1st 2008, for non-EU citizens.

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More information

http://www.kuleuven.be/nanotechnology

http://www.kuleuven.be/onderwijs/aanbod2007/opleidingen/E/SC_50269199.htm

Outline




• Perspectives

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Erasmus Mundus Master• European Master, running over the disciplines of

four partner universities, KULeuven is coordinator !

• Students study one year at one, 2nd year at another of the partner universities

• Students receive two diploma’s: one from each of the chosen universities

• Total of 120 study points over two years

• Student scholarships for non-EU students are available from European Commission

• KUL program is a subset of the KUL Master

• EMM Master coordinator: Prof. Guido Groeseneken

The objectives of the Master course are fourfold:

- to provide a high quality Master course in an emerging field of interdisciplinary education

- to provide education in a field of strategic importance for Europe and in line with the European R&D initiatives

- to enhance the profile and visibility of the European Union in the field of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

- to recruit top students worldwide

EMM-Nanolink to E.U. strategy

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Delft University of Technology & Leiden UniversityThe Netherlands

A long history of pioneership

Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience at Chalmers

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The TU Dresden (Dresden University of Technology)• a large public research university with more than 33,000 students

• a broad-based, full-curriculum institution with 14 faculties covering a broad variety of fields from engineering, the arts, natural and social sciences to economics and medicine

• international in character with students from more than 100 different countries

Beautiful Dresden Main Campus of the TU

ConsortiumSelected based on:

- Excellence/expertise in the field of research in nanoscience and nanotechnology

- Existence of a local English master NS/NT at the university- Willingness to participate in European EMM program

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Structure of the Master

Tota

al12

0 st

pvo

or2

jaa r

Introductory courses 0-12 ects

Non-technical courses (6 ects)

NanotechnologyNanoscience Biophysics

Elective major courses

(max 39 ects)

Master thesis30-48 ects

Bio-nano-technology


(max 39 ects)



(max 39 ects)



(max 39 ects)


Lecture series

Elective minor courses

(min 9 ects)


(min 9 ects)


(min 9 ects)


(min 9 ects)

Core courses (24 ects)

4 Major/minors

Course modules(major/minor)

60 e.c.

Course modules(major/minor)

60 e.c.

Master’s Thesis Research Project

(major)30-48 e.c.

Master’s Thesis Research Project

(major)30-48 e.c.

Course modules(major)

12-30 e.c.

Course modules(major)

12-30 e.c.

2 years = 120 e.c.

University 1 University 2

Major/minor themes: nanoscience – nanotechnology – biophysics -bionanotechnology

EMM-Nano curriculum

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Model trajectories

xx

x

x

NT

Chalmers

NSxxxxx

NTChalmersxxxxBNT

xxxxBPDresden

BPxxxx

NSDelft

NSxxxx

NTLeuven

NSBNTBPBPNSNSNTYear 1

DresdenDelftLeuvenYear 2

Chalmers

TU Dresden

Delft/Leiden

K.U.Leuven

BionanotechBiophysics NanoscienceNanotechMajor themes per university

Electives preparing for 2nd year

Electives preparing for 2nd year

Delft/LeidenDelft/Leiden

ChalmersChalmers

DresdenDresden

18 e.c. mandatory6 e.c. Nanotech/ Nanoscience

12 e.c. Nanotech +12 e.c. Nanoscience

12 e.c. mandatory12 e.c. Nanoscience/nanotech

EMM-Nano major electives: 1st year

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Introductory Courses (≤ 12 stp)Semiconductor Physics (3 stp)Semiconductor Devices (3 stp)

Macromolecules (3 stp)Quantum Physics (3 stp)

Introductory Courses (≤ 12 stp)Semiconductor Physics (3 stp)Semiconductor Devices (3 stp)

Macromolecules (3 stp)Quantum Physics (3 stp)

Core Courses (24 stp)

Materials Physics and Technology for Nanoelectronics (6 stp)

Chemistry at nanometer schale (6 stp)

Technology of Integrated systems (6 stp)

Nano-structured bio-macromolecules (6 stp)

Core Courses (24 stp)

Materials Physics and Technology for Nanoelectronics (6 stp)

Chemistry at nanometer schale (6 stp)

Technology of Integrated systems (6 stp)

Nano-structured bio-macromolecules (6 stp)

Non-technical electives (6 stp)Economics of information systems

Innovation managementTotal quality management

Dutch for foreigners (obligatory)

Non-technical electives (6 stp)Economics of information systems

Innovation managementTotal quality management

Dutch for foreigners (obligatory)

Courses preparing for 2nd year

Mandatory (depending on choice 2nd univ)

Electives(total 18 -30 stp)

Courses preparing for 2nd year

Mandatory (depending on choice 2nd univ)

Electives(total 18 -30 stp)

EMM-Nano courses: 1st year at KUL

Introductory courses (6 e.c. max)

Intro (+ lab) to Biochemistry (6 e.c.)Intro to Quantum Mechanics (3 e.c.)

Introductory courses (6 e.c. max)

Intro (+ lab) to Biochemistry (6 e.c.)Intro to Quantum Mechanics (3 e.c.)

Core courses

• Nanotechnology (6 e.c.)• Biophysics (6 e.c.) and/or

Supramolecular Chemistry (6 e.c.)• Mesoscopic Physics (6 e.c.) and/or

Molecular Electronics (6 e.c.)

Core courses

• Nanotechnology (6 e.c.)• Biophysics (6 e.c.) and/or

Supramolecular Chemistry (6 e.c.)• Mesoscopic Physics (6 e.c.) and/or

Molecular Electronics (6 e.c.)

ElectivesElectives

Other courses?Other courses?

Courses @ Leiden + Delft

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Master thesis (30 stp)idem

Master thesis (30 stp)idem

Mandatory courses

Depending on program of 1st yearAnd selected Major/minor

Mandatory courses

Depending on program of 1st yearAnd selected Major/minor

Elective coursesidem

Elective coursesidem

EMM-Nano courses: 2nd year at KUL

Nanotechnology (Major and minor)RF-aspects of integrated components and circuitsSchreurs

Models and technology of electronic and optoelectronic devicesHeremans

Reliability and yield of integrated componentsGroeseneken

Physical Materials characterization for el. DevicesVandervorst

Practical design for micro-and nanoelectronic systemsVan Hoof

Design of digital integrated systemsDehaene

Analog blocks for signal processingGielen

Microsystems and sensorsPuers

Advanced nano-electronic componentsVan Rossum

EMM-Nano elective courses KUL

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Nanotechnology (from 2007-2008 on)Major and minor

Transistormodels and electronic circuits - W. Sansen

Computer architectures - R. Belmans

Computer aided analog design - G. Gielen

Design of analog integrated circuits - M. Steyaert

Advanced ceramic processing and case studies - J. Vleugels

Coatings and surface engineering - J.P. Celis

Functional properties - O Van der Biest

Synthesis and chemistry of highly divided solid materials - J. Martens

Materials characterization techniques - L. Froyen

Multiscale transport phenomena in biosystems - B. Nicolai


Nanoscience (major and minor)Photophysics and photochemistry of molecular materialsVan der Auweraer

Synthetic Aspects of Heterocyclic and Supramolecular chemistryDehaen

Mesoscopic pysicsMoschalkov

Physical chemistry of polymersNies

Electrochemical methods of inorganic chemistryNN

Computational methods in solid state physicsCottenier/Chibotaru

Electronic structure of molecular materialsChibotaru

Scanning probe microscopyVan Haesendonck

CrystallographyVan Meervelt/Goderis

Magnetic resonanceStesmans


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Bio-systems (only as minor)

Bio-response measurements and process controlD. Berckmans

Sensor technology and bioelectronicsJ. Lammertyn

System fysiologyG. Bultynck

Fysicochemistry of biological systemsY. Engelborghs


Lecture series

• Common seminars on all kinds of aspects of Nanoscience: ethical, legal, social, technical, etc.

• Broadcasted through videoconference (AVNet) among the 5 partners

• Obligatory for all EMM students to follow these lectures

• Some partners give credits, some don’t

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May workshop

May workshop– Annual meeting of all students

and local coordinators in Leuven

– To give practical information on the program to ALL students in a uniform way

– Feedback from the students about program, curriculum, practical problems

– 1st year students give a presentation on their experiences to their collegues

– 2nd year students present the resulst of their master thesis

– Informal occasion to fraternize2007

2006

Admission conditionsAdmission conditions:

• Bachelor’s Degree in Physics or alternatively a Bachelor’s Degree in the fields of science or engineering e.g. Chemistry, Biochemistry, Electrical Engineering, Material Science, with a proven knowledge of physics. A minimum of 180 credits is required.

• A GPA (Grade Point Average) of 75% of the scale maximum is required.

• Good command of English, both spoken and written. All non-native speakers are required to submit an English proficiency test e.g.TOEFL (minimum score of 580 pbt or 237 cbt) or IELTS (minimum overall band score of 6.5-7.0).

4 Selection criteria:1. Academic background (previous education)2. Excellence of the student during previous education3. Proven English language skills4. Completeness of application file

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Application and selection

• Application deadline is 1 February 2008 for non-EHEA students, 1 june 2008 for EHEA students

• Students are scores, ranked and selected by EMM Board with representatives of 4 universities

• Scholarships are available for selected non-EHEA students: 21000 Euro/year !

4 Selection criteria:1. Academic background (previous education)2. Excellence of the student during previous education3. Proven English language skills4. Completeness of application file

More information

http://www.emm-nano.org/

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Outline




• Perspectives

Source : Red Herring, May 2002

Technology waves

Nanotechnology will be at the basis of the nexttechnology-wave for the 21st century

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Nanotechnology-related Patents(1990 – 2003)

Government Nanotechnology R&D Investments (1997 - 2005)

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Job perspectives- Jobs where multidisciplinarity is key !

- Companies that are active at the interface between various scientific/technological disciplines

Micro and nano-technology for the ICT-sectorEquipment and materials for electronics New and smart materialsFood and environmental technologyEnergy (photovoltaics, storage, etc.)Transport (car, aircraft, space)Micro- and nanochemistryBiological and biomedical sector

- New companies/spinoffs- Research and development companies and institutes

? Future Perspectives ?

42

It’s culture !

It’s City Hall Its Churches

Finally !

Last but not least

It’s pubs at the Old Market!

Documents

Master Nanoscience and Nanotechnology - KU Leuven...Quantum physics Chemistry and biochemistry Nano-electronics Biology and biophysics Material science Nanotechnology = applications