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MASTER GUNNER COURSE
ESTABLISH AND OPERATE A BFV
RANGE TRAINING FACILITY
1
MASTER GUNNER COURSE
Terminal Learning Objective
Action: Establish and Operate a BFV range training facility.
Conditions: Given FM 3-22.1, and a requirement to understand the fundamentals of establishing and operating a BFV live fire range in a classroom and range training area.
Standards: The student must correctly identify the procedures involved with establishing and operating a BFV range training facility IAW FM 3-22.1 and pass a written examination with 80% accuracy.
2
MASTER GUNNER COURSE
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS: NONE
RISK ASSESMENT LEVEL: LOW
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS: NONE
EVALUATION: UPON COMPLETION OF THIS SESSION YOU’LL BE EVALUATED WITH A WRITTEN EXAMINATION IAW FM 3-22.1. YOU MUST RECEIVE A MININUM OF 80% TO GET A GO BEFORE RANGE WEEK STARTS.
LEAD-IN: DURING THE LAST LESSON, YOU WERE .
MASTER GUNNER COURSE
ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE
ACTION: Explain the two types of Bradley Firing Ranges
CONDITIONS:In a classroom environment, given a writing instrument, FM 3-22.1, notepaper, and a requirement to explain the characteristics of the two types of Bradley firing ranges.
STANDARDS: The student must correctly identify the characteristics and requirements of temporary and permanent firing range
3
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
• PERMANENT FIRING RANGES
• TEMPORARY FIRING RANGES
4
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
PERMANENT FIRING RANGES
•Normally designed by a Post Range Control Facility
•Has a SDAD designating firing lines and maneuver areas
•Safety limits identified on the ground and map of the area
•Designated for a specific type weapon, ammo, or gunnery table
•Can not be modified or used for other types of firing without approval from the range control officer.
5
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
TEMPORARY FIRING RANGES
•Established to fill specific needs:
•Sub-caliber gunnery range
•CALFEX range
•Approved range overlay and SDAD will be required
6
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE TRAINING
FACILITY
ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE
ACTION: Explain the procedures for selecting a proper range training site
CONDITIONS:In a classroom environment, given a writing instrument, FM 3-22.1, notepaper, and a requirement to properly select a range training site.
STANDARDS:The student must be able to explain the procedures used to select a suitable training site IAW the needs of the particular training event
7
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
SITE SELECTION
•Before selection, make detailed map and ground recon
•Range must be large enough to conduct required training
•Site must accommodate the desired weapons and ammo
•Are there defilade firing positions, maneuver areas and realistic target arrays
•Coordinate with range control before unit occupies the range or training area.
8
ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE
ACTION: Conduct range training area recon
CONDITIONS: Given FM 3-22.1, In a classroom environment explain the requirements involved in a training area recon.
STANDARDS: The student must correctly identify the procedures involved in the conduct of a range training area recon.
9
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
RANGE AND TRAINING AREA RECON
•OIC, MG, NCOIC SHOULD PERSONALLY CONDUCT A RECON
10
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
AREAS TO BE CHECKED DURING RECON
•Routes to the range training area
•How many vehicles can fire simultaneously
•Hull down defilade positions
•Range limit markers (visibility)
•Tower available / condition
11
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
LOCATION OF THE FOLLOWING AREAS
•Ammo pad
•Firing line / maneuver area
•Briefing / debriefing area
•Maintenance area
•Parking areas / tower
•Helipad
•Aid station
12
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
CONSIDERATIONS
•Barriers and guard post (must be closed)
•Boresight panel 1200 meters
•Who furnishes targets / supplies or training devices on the range
•What requirements are necessary for target operator or detail
•Ammo to be used on the range
•Is the range clear of duds 13
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE
ACTION: Explain the duties and responsibilities of key range personnel
CONDITIONS: In a classroom environment, given FM 3-22.1.
STANDARDS :The Master Gunner student must correctly define the duties of key range personnel as listed in AR 385-63 and FM 3-22.1.
14
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
RANGE TRAINING AREA PERSONNEL
•Officer in Charge
•Range Safety Officer
•Master Gunner
•Non-Commissioned Officer in Charge
•Bradley Crew Evaluator
•Beachmaster15
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
RANGE TRAINING AREA PERSONNEL (cont.)
•Fire-fighting detail
•Target NCO
•Medics
•Radio Operator
16
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
DUTIES OF KEY PERSONNEL
•Opening the range
•During the range
•Closing the range
17
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
DUTIES OF KEY PERSONNEL
•Arrives at the range or training site before the unit.
•Checks communication and for live-fire exercise, ensures the back up commo is available.
•Briefs the Safety Officer, evaluator and the unit that will be trained.
•Ensures the range equipment is present and operational
OIC
18
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
DUTIES OF KEY PERSONNEL
NCOIC
•Sets up additional training areas.
•Supervises ammunition, targets and administrative details
19
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
DUTIES OF KEY PERSONNEL
SAFETY OFFICER OR SAFETY NCO
•Ensures that barriers are closed or range guards are posted and briefed on their duties.
•Ensures that no live ammo is present on a non-firing range.
• Supervises placing of vehicles in the correct order for firing/ training.
20
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
DUTIES OF KEY PERSONNEL
•Inspects storage, handling and lot numbers for restricted or suspended AMMO. IAW TB 9-1300-385.
•Inspects medics and vehicles.
•Inspects DA Form 2408-4 for each M242 fired.
•Gives safety briefing before all live-fire exercises.
21
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
DUTIES OF KEY PERSONNEL
Master Gunner
•Gives final briefing to Bradley Crew evaluators.
•Ensures that the concurrent training is set up.
•Arrives at the range or training site before the firing unit.
22
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
DUTIES OF KEY PERSONNEL
During the Exercise
23
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
DUTIES OF KEY PERSONNEL
The OIC
•Controls the firing or live fire exercises.
•Maintains throughput within units going through the course.
•Maintains all required commo.
24
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
DUTIES OF KEY PERSONNEL
NCOIC
•Supervises all details.
•Controls movement or personnel from firing positions to additional training and other administrative areas.
25
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
DUTIES OF KEY PERSONNEL
Safety Officer or Safety NCO
•Ensures that misfires are handled in accordance with safety regulation (AR 385-63 Policies and Procedures for firing AMMO for Training Target Practice).
•Observes for any safety violations.
•Clears each Bradley on completion of exercise.
26
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
DUTIES OF KEY PERSONNEL
Master Gunner
•Ensures that range firing is conducted IAW the appropriate gunnery table.
•Conducts remedial training on site as needed.
•Supervises BCE’s
•Assists safety personnel in clearing weapons when required.
27
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
DUTIES OF KEY PERSONNEL
•Assists maintenance with trouble shooting and correcting malfunctions when required.
•Assists the commander in determining or verifying alibi conditions.
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MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
DUTIES OF KEY PERSONNEL
Closing the Range
29
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
DUTIES OF KEY PERSONNEL
The OIC
•Notifies range control that firing has terminated.
•Debriefs unit personnel.
•Ensures that the range or training area in cleared IAW local regulations and SOP.
30
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
DUTIES OF KEY PERSONNEL
NCOIC
•Supervises AMMO/target details.
•Ensures that range facilities have been policed.
31
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
DUTIES OF KEY PERSONNEL
Master Gunner
•Ensures all DA Form 2408-4 are up-to-date.
32
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
DUTIES OF KEY PERSONNEL
AMMO NCOIC
•Ensures no munition are removed from the range by unauthorized personnel.
•Prepares residue certificates required by the ammunition supply point.
33
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
REQUIRED PERSONNEL
OFFICER IN CHARGE
•Responsible for entire range or training site
•Planing, preparing, coordinating, and executing training exercise
•Designates assistants for specific areas
•All personnel report to OIC regarding their duties
34
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
NOTE:
AR 385-63 Chapter 4 lists an overview of the duties to be completed or supervised by the OIC
35
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
REQUIRED PERSONNEL
RANGE SAFETY OFFICER
Commissioned Officer, Warrant Officer, or Non-Commissioned Officer (SSG or higher) who is weapon system qualified.
RSO is a direct representative of the OIC and does not have any other responsibility during range firing other than the following duties:
36
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
REQUIRED PERSONNELRANGE SAFETY OFFICER (cont.)
•Enforces all safety regulations
•Ensures that all ammo is handled correctly
•Enforces smoking restrictions near vehicles, ammunitions, and POL
•Ensures that misfires are handled as stated in AR 385-63
•Investigates and reports accidents IAW all regulations37
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
REQUIRED PERSONNEL
RANGE SAFETY OFFICER (cont.)
•Ensures that weapons on live-fire ranges are pointed towards the impact area
•Ensures that personnel are clear of the danger area
•Checks all DA Forms 2408-4 for proper combination of barrel, receiver, feeder, and round count
38
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
REQUIRED PERSONNEL
MASTER GUNNER
The Master Gunner is the commander’s gunnery technical advisor. He assists the commander and the staff in planning, developing, and conducting gunnery training. His range duties include:
•Prepares a surface danger area diagram and range overlay
•Prepares scaled ranges if required
•Organizes range firing exercises 39
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
REQUIRED PERSONNEL
NCOIC
•The NCOIC coordinates and supervises all details and assists the OIC and the RSO in operating the range or training area
40
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
REQUIRED PERSONNEL
BRADLEY CREW EVALUATORS
•Enforces required safety precautions
•Acts as an evaluator during practice
•Acts as an evaluator during qualification
•Conducts an AAR after completion of firing
•Debriefs crews at completion of firing
•Confers with OIC on any scoring discrepancy 41
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
REQUIRED PERSONNELTARGET NCO
•Ensures that targets are the type, color, and scale required
•Ensures that the target detail is proficient on operation and troubleshooting procedures of target mechanisms
•Ensures that there are enough spare targets, target mechanisms, batteries, and other equipment necessary
•Reports to the OIC any mechanical malfunction that requires replacement
42
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
REQUIRED PERSONNEL
MEDICS
•Know how to get to the nearest aid station or hospital
•Know RTO procedures for use during air evacuations
•Have an identification card (medical) or a memorandum from his commander stating that he is a qualified medic
•Be equipped for the mission
43
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
REQUIRED PERSONNEL
OTHER PERSONNEL
•Fire fighting detail
•RTO
•Bunker personnel (if necessary)
44
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE
ACTION: Identify equipment needed for tactical and gunnery exercises.
CONDITIONS:In a classroom environment, FM 3-22.1, and a requirement to identify the different types of equipment needed for tactical and gunnery exercises.
STANDARDS: The student must correctly identify the different types of equipment needed for tactical and gunnery exercises.
45
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
Range/Training Area Layout for Tactical Training
•Tactical training is conducted either on ranges or in training areas, whichever is available.
•Most of the preparation that goes into a gunnery exercises also applies in tactical training.
•Configuration of the course depends on the local terrain. Each task must be adjusted to fit specific terrain, so tasks probably will not follow as they appear in a particular table IAW FM 3-22.1.
46
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
RANGE EQUIPMENT
GUNNERY AND TACTICAL EXERCISES
•Current gunnery standards for the table being conducted
•Targets, control mechanisms, and repair equipment
•Range regulations
•Flashlights for scores
•Batteries for lights and radios
•Vehicle recovery assets 47
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
RANGE EQUIPMENT
GUNNERY AND TACTICAL EXERCISES (cont.)
•Evaluator Communications
•Briefing tent
•Scorecards
•Stopwatches
•Binoculars
48
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
RANGE EQUIPMENT
GUNNERY AND TACTICAL EXERCISES (cont.)
•Night vision devices with enough batteries
•Field phones, as required
•Fire fighting equipment
•Vehicles: Target detail, fire fighting, back up aid and gunnery evaluators
49
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
RANGE EQUIPMENT
GUNNERY AND TACTICAL EXERCISES (cont.)
•Generators to power light sets
•Equipment for concurrent training
•Boresight equipment
•Other expendable supplies
•Required regulations: TMs, FMs, SOPs, maps, overlays
•FM radio sets and antennas 50
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
RANGE EQUIPMENT
GUNNERY EXERCISES
•Range flag and range light
•Flag sets for vehicles
•Compass
•Ballistics firing tables
TACTICAL EXERCISES
•Miles equipment
•OPFOR equipment
•OPFOR personnel
51
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE
ACTION: Write a Battalion level SOP
CONDITIONS: In a classroom environment, FM 3-22.1, and a requirement to explain what information should be included in a Battalion level SOP
STANDARDS:The Student must correctly identify the information that should be included in a Battalion Level SOP
52
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
BATTALION LEVEL RANGE SOP
•Saves time and energy
•Includes guidelines for operating a range
•Describes actions taken for specific tasks
•Coordinating with maintenance teams
•Operating moving targets
•Replacing targets53
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
•Conducting range scenario
•Policing the range
•Departing the range
•Test firing weapons
54
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
RANGE TRAINING LAYOUT FOR GUNNERY
A WELL ORGANIZED RANGE ENSURES:
•Maximum firing time
•Start time on schedule
•Finish time on schedule
•Orderly range clearance
55
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE
ACTION: Construct a maneuver box
CONDITIONS: Given FM 3-22.1, and a requirement to explain the steps taken to calculate the dimensions of the maneuver box.
STANDARDS: The MG student must correctly explain the steps taken to calculate the dimensions of a maneuver box.
56
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
MANEUVER BOX
•Designed for offensive engagements
•Adjustable for prescribed vehicle speed, distance available or target range band
57
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE
RANGE TRAINING FACILITY
MANEUVER BOX WITH GIVEN VEHICLE SPEED
Vehicle speed X .4471416 = Meters per second (mps)
MPS X Target exposure time + target lift time
EXAMPLE: 12 mph X .4471416 = 5.3656992 (mps)
5.3656992 X (42+8) = 268.28496
maneuver box length: 268 meters
NOTE: If the number in the tenths position is 5 or more, round up to the next greater whole number! 58
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
ADJUST VEHICLE SPEED TO GIVEN MANEUVER BOX LENGTH
Given maneuver box length 268 meters268 divided by target exposure and lift time (50 sec) = MPS
MPS divided by .4471416 = MPH
EXAMPLE: 268 / 50 = 5.365.36 / .4471416 = 11.987254
Vehicle speed = 12 MPH
NOTE: If the number in the tenths position is 5 or more, round up to the next greater whole number! 59
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE
ACTION: Identify Types of Targets
CONDITIONS:Given a FM 3-22.1, and a requirement to identify the type of targets available for use during BFV Gunnery.
STANDARDS:The student must gain the knowledge so that he can correctly identify the types of targets used for BFV gunner
60
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
TARGETSFull scale targets should be of the same shape,
size, and color as the threat targets they represent. TC 25-8 describes targets, target mechanisms, and target control in detail.
HARD TARGETS
•Old tank hulls, turrets, APCs , and wheeled vehicles
•Used where ricochets do not present safety hazards
61
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
TARGETS (cont.)SOFT TARGETS
•Made from target cloth or wood
•Targets should be olive drab in color
TARGET KILL CUES
•Target drops
•Indicator lights
•Smoke 62
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE
ACTION: Explain the use of signal flags
CONDITIONS: Given a FM 3-22.1 and a requirement to explain the use of signal flags during BFV Gunnery.
STANDARDS: The student must correctly explain the use of signal flags during BFV gunner
63
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
SIGNAL FLAGS
RED
GREEN
RED-YELLOW
GREEN-YELLOW
RED-GREEN
64
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
SIGNAL FLAGS
•Red- vehicle engaging in firing. Weapons are loaded, pointing at the target area, and electrical safety and manual safety are off.
•Green- weapon cleared and elevated, electrical safety and manual safety are on. All ammo on board the vehicle is either loaded in the ready or stowed.
•Yellow- malfunction on vehicle. It’s used in conjunction with red or green flag:
65
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
SIGNAL FLAGS
•Yellow and Red- malfunction or misfire; weapons are
pointing at the target area and are not clear.
•Yellow and Green- malfunction and weapons are clear
electrical safety and manual safety are on.
66
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
SIGNAL FLAGS
•Red and green- vehicle is preparing to fire or crew is conducting a non-firing exercise. 25-mm gun feeder may be loaded but the bolt is in the sear position, and electrical safety and manual safety are on.
67
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE
ACTION: Identify Training Tips
CONDITIONS: Given a FM 3-22.1 and a requirement to identify the training tips outlined in FM 3-22.1.
STANDARDS: The student must correctly explain the use of training tips outlined in FM 3-22.1 and how they serve as an aid to training
68
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
TRAINING TIPS
Brief key personnel
Start on time
Use Range marker lights
Plan for illumination
Keep accurate log
Brief guards69
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
TRAINING TIPS (cont.)
Be prepared for fires
Police the area
Brief visitors
Check safety markers
Coordinate for ammunition
Concurrent / Remedial training
Recovery vehicle
OPFOR personnel 70
MASTER GUNNER COURSEESTABLISH AND OPERATE RANGE
TRAINING FACILITY
ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE
ACTION: Explain scaled ranges
CONDITIONS:Given an FM 3-22.1 and a requirement to explain the uses of scaled ranges for BFV gunnery training.
STANDARDS:The student must correctly identify and explain the use of scaled ranges during BFV gunnery training.
71