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Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent Zygogramma bicolorata Experienceses & Lessons Learnt

Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent Zygogramma bicolorata

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Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent Zygogramma bicolorata. Experienceses & Lessons Learnt. Mass rearing Cont`d . The agent was kept at Ambo quarantine facility after being Introduced from South Africa in October 12, 2007. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent Zygogramma bicolorata

Experienceses & Lessons Learnt

Page 2: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass rearing Cont`d

• The agent was kept at Ambo quarantine facility after being Introduced from South Africa in October 12, 2007.

• After conducting host range test, environmental impact assessment document was prepared & sent to MoA

• Approval from MoA obtained on June, 2012• Visit by representatives from MoA, EPA & IBC

took place in October 02, 2013

Page 3: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass rearing Cont`d • Preparation for multiplication

– Multiplication site is located within a farmers` association compound in Wollinchitti town, about 125 km east of Addis Ababa

– It is 46 x 16.5meters

– Was enough to erect 5 breeding cages & a Nursery and a water tanker

Original Site After clearing

Page 4: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass rearing Cont`d

• Mesh net and pots arrived at Wollinchitti on December 25, 2012

• Purchase of farm tools including two water tankers completed at end of January, 2013

• Installation of water pipe in early February, 2013

Page 5: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass rearing Cont`d

• Because of shortage of water from the source we were getting very little water

• Got connected to a reliable water system, that supplies water to the rural community of the Woreda, on February 13, 2014

Page 6: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass rearing Cont`d Erection of Breeding cages & a Nursery- completed end of January 2013

Nursery Nursery & Breeding cages3000 lts. Water Tanker

Page 7: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass rearing Cont`d

Main Entrance DoorWith lock

Whole area fenced with barbed wire with 15 cm spacing

Gravel on surface inside& outside cages

Second Door

Page 8: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass rearing Cont`d

Water Tanker3000 and 5000 lts. capacity

store Toilet & hand wash

Page 9: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass rearing Cont`d Dealing with high temperature

Nursery 5 x 10m

Shading of breeding cages

Page 10: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass rearing Cont`d

• Multiplication of Zygogramma in 2013– Started with a batch of 60 pairs of Zygo. that was

brought from Ambo on June 25, 2013

Page 11: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass rearing Cont`d

Adults started laying eggs and some eggs have started hatching when flooding hit the area on July 02, 2013

Page 12: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass rearing Cont`d

Egg laying, Larval Development & Adult Emergence set up

12 vigorous parthenium plants in pots50 pairs of Adults released & kept for 3 days

Cage 1 Egg laying

CAGE 1

Potted plant approach

Page 13: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass rearing Cont`d

CAGE 2 Larval Development Larva are left to feed by changing plants as neededRemove smaller size larva & place on new plantPlace soil/sand mixture at bottom of old potLeave old pot until most larva enter soilCut back the plant & place in adult emergence cage

Page 14: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass rearing Cont`d

Cage 3 Adult Emergence

• Pots are kept wet• Pots checked for adults twice a day a week after being placed in cage• Adults are taken back to cage 1 to start the process all over again

Page 15: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass rearing Cont`d Surface planted approach

Page 16: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass rearing Cont`d • In 2014 we used the two approaches side by side• Plan was to produce 4000 adults in one of the

cages and distribute these in the four cages to eventually produce 40000 adults by mid July

• But most of the initial Zygogramma culture were destroyed by Lizards

Lizards` hiding cracks Remains of ZygogrammaAfter Lizard attack

Page 17: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass rearing Cont`d • Rearing continued with remaining adults• Within one cage (Cage 4) on benches

300 egg laying adults, placed in a small cage containing four plants in pots for one day, produced on the average 425 eggsAdults remain on plants all the time thereby producing more eggslarva are removed and transferred in two other cages and others were left on plants to pupate in pots

Page 18: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass rearing Cont`d

• Second Approach releasing adults on plants grown on surface of Breeding cages (cages 1 and 4)

3 plots each about 1m wide, rows 20-25cm spacing

Page 19: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Woreda involvement & awareness creation

• Involvement of Woreda Agriculture office

• Awareness creation

Page 20: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Challenges• Water problem before February 13, 2014

Transport water using Horse cart & pick up vehicle

Pipe installed but very little water

Page 21: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Challenges

• Weather conditionOn human beings

On growth & development of parthenium

Page 22: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

ChallengesAphid infestation

Upper sideUnder side Young Shoots

Mealy bug Infestation

Page 23: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Ants

Larva being attacked ant

Immediately afterPlanting

Large size Ants

Page 24: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Lizards & Rats

Remains of adults after Lizard attack

Page 25: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Some observations

Dorsal view of Adult Side view of Adult

Green looper feeding on Parthenium

Page 26: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Some observations

Mating Adults

Some kind of larval parasite

PupaParasitized Larva?

Diseased Larva

Page 27: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Some observations• Aphids and its parasites

Page 28: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Some observationsExtra seedlings from surface grown plants can be transplantedAnd used in pot rearing

Make use of parthenium seedlingsAround rearing site

Page 29: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Some observations

• Chicken as predators of Mealybugs

Page 30: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass rearing cont`d….

• Comments, suggestions & lessons learnt– Collect enough seeds at the right time – Site should be built away from any source of threat– Don`t ever start rearing without reliable water

source– Be present as frequently as possible & make

observations all the time– Take care of pests particularly Aphids and Mealy

bugs

Page 31: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass rearing cont`d….

• Use benches for rearing in pots• Make sure you have enough supply of

parthenium seedlings• Use combination of the two approaches• Use wood Ash against ants• Need for some Entomological tools– Insect rearing cages, preservatives, pins etc.

Page 32: Mass Rearing of the biological control Agent  Zygogramma bicolorata

Mass rearing of Zygogramma

THANK YOU