Masinprojekteerimine * A.Kalja * Arvutitehnika instituut Program packages of ExpertPRIZ All components of ExpertPRIZ are used for developing CAD software

Masinprojekteerimine * A.Kalja * Arvutitehnika instituut

Program packages of ExpertPRIZ

All components of ExpertPRIZ are used for developing CAD software.To execute mathematical calculations the Solver subsystem is used.Knowledge of constructors and engineers is stored in the Expert know-ledge processing subsystem for the future usage. The expert subsystem is also used as a tool to prepare the dialog between compute and engineer.Data tables from handbooks are stored in the relational database of thesystem where a SQL-like query language is used.The package use their own machine graphic facilities. Some experiments have been done to link the packages with AutoCAD-like graphic systems.

DIFFERENT SOFTWARE LEVELS

On the first level ExpertPRIZ works as an intelligent calculator for anengineer. It memorizes formulas and automatically synthesizes problem algorithms.

The second level covers packages for engineering calculations in narrowapplication areas. To develop and use packages of this level the cooperation of programmers and engineers is needed.

Packages for designing typical constructions constitute the third level.These are end-user packages which are easy to use for engineers andthey realize computing algorithms of typical constructions determined by standards. The packages are built as run-time programs being separeteFrom ExpertPRIZ system.


Using ExpertPRIZ as an Intelligent Calculator

ExpertPRIZ as an intelligent calculator works as follow. It solvesequations and systems of equations, describes the concepts from variables and relations, stores and uses these concepts for problem solving and deduces algebraic formulas.

D = 2*rA = Pi*r^2V = A*1Pi = 3.1416

To solve a trivial problem, let us suppose that we know the diameterof the cylinder d=11 and we ask the area of the cylinder botton.

D = 11?A-> A = 380.1336

Let us calculate the volume of the geometrical body (Fig. 2).The side of the cube a is the same as the diameter d and length lof the cylinder and equal to 5.

x1 cube a = 5x2 cylinder d = x1.a l = x1.aV = x1.V+2*x2.V?V-> V = 321.35



Developing a run-timeversion of the program package

There exists 2 levels of using ExpertPRIZ:- expert (developer) level- end-user level

End-user is working with RUN program, whichstarts program package. Package has been greated by PACKAGE program

Advantages:- no needs to know ExpertPRIZ user interface- package takes less memory- RUN takes less memory than the EPR

Demands:- packages must have a main expert-KB, whichlaunch package- packet must be at least one concept.-KB- package can not use the following commands:!ec, !hL, !ht, !bn, !bp, !Bc, !Bm, !bo, !br, !bd ja !ms (old version commands)



Using PACKAGE program

Packages must include:- main expert-KB- conceptual knowledge base- other files, which are only readableexpert-KBs, input text files, patterns of images. etc.

Package can not be include:- database files;- temporary working files;- files that are used by utility programs.

Example:> package <RET> Password [ ]: priz <RET> Package File [ ]: demo <RET> Main Expert Knowledge Base [DEMO.EXP]: <RET> Default Concept Base [DEMO.EPR]:arch<RET> Other Files [NUL]: <RET>

or

>package priz, demo,,arch;


Data input file PACKAGE program

Created by text editor: (name is DEMO.LST)

priz, demo,,arch,sphere.exp, sphere.txt,conifers.exp, cnfrs.exp,braking.exp, ……tttest.msk, lin.txt;

After that >package @demo.lst<RET>

Start RUN-TIME package

>run <package_file_namei> <RET>

Example:

>run demo <RET>

Previously you can simulate the work of the package::

>epr <main_expert-KB_name> <RET>


Package setup file and the content of the folder

The program RUN looking for a file in the same directory<package_name>.SET

Current directory must contain::- SETUP file name if needed- RUN.EXE - EPR.MSG

“private data” or “public data” folders mustinclude:

- package file- files, that we have not included into the package

“program” folder must include:- all utility programs that will be used

Example:RUN.EXEEPR.MSGDEMOCAR.PICCAR.FMTBR_IM.TMPBR_OF.TMPLIN.TAB


Creating software packages. Stages

1. Compiling a technical task. Analysis of tasks2. Preparation of a list of concepts3. Programming of concepts4. Developing expert KB-s5. Programming of input-output interface6. Testing7. Developing run-time version of the package8. Compiling package documentation9. Package accession



The Methods of Developing Program Packages

1. Creating and filling data and knowledge bases. Creating input/outputgraphic pictures. Testing the typical problem using ExpertPRIZinterface.2. Developing the run-version of the program package using thePACKAGE module. Setting the system’s global parameters.3. Testing the run-version of the program packages in industry, i.e.the programmers’ group together with the engineers solves thepossible maximal number of practical problems.

The Examples of Developing and Using Knowledge Bases

* CONSOLE eltype text material text eltype=‘CONS’ geom (eltype l d)* diameter ? d^3=t/0.2*tau)* moment ? t=9550*1000*p/n* tau ? tau=0.003*sgmb* mass ? m=l*d^2*pi*0.00785/4000* DB operation for sgmb ? rel1 tab file=‘steels’ row=mater column=‘SGMB’ res=sgmb* DB operation for l ? Rel2 tab file=‘legths’ row=d column=‘lenth’ res=1 pi=3.14


The stored concepts can further be used similarly to classesin object-oriented programming languages, creating objectsof those classes in the problem descriptions. The followingis a shaft description:

!mn yC! CONSOLE p=6.5 n=3000 material=‘40X’K1 KEY ds=C1.dn ls=C1.lS1 STEPCR d1=C1.dN3 NECK2 l=20 D=N2.dB3 BEARING ds=N3.d…pict(C1.geom,K1.geom,S1.geom,…,)com pict!rp dshaft pict

XPERT DESIGN OF REDUCTOR SHAFTSCONSOLE TIP | COGWHEELS | BEARINGS | ? | RESULTYes | 3 Cogwheels | Ball bearings | STYPE1 | ENDYes | 3 Cogwheels | Roller bearings | STYPE2 | ENDNo | 3 Cogwheels | Ball bearings | - | #SHAFT1.EXP*1 IS THE SHAT TO BE DESIGNED WITH CONSOLE?*2 THE SHAFT TO BE DESIGNED IS WITH …*3 THE BEARINGS OF THE SHAFT ARE ...

XPERT DESIGN OF REDUCTOR SHAFTSCONSOLE | ? | NECK1 | ? | BEARINGS | ? | NECK2 | ?Yes | CONS1 |Yes | NECK1 | Roller bearings | RBEAR1 | Yes | NECK2Yes | CONS1 | Yes | NECK1 | Ball bearings | BBEAR1 | Yes | NECK2Yes | CONS1 | Yes | NECK1 | Don’t have | - | No | - ...No | - |Yes | NECK1 | Roller bearings | RBEAR1 | Yes | NECK2No | - |Yes | NECK1 | Ball bearings | BBEAR1 | Yes | NECK2*1 IS THE SHAT TO BE DESIGNED WITH CONSOLE?*IS THE NEXT ELEMENT NECK?*THE NECK HAS …...


n t key selection table b h lmin lmax k12 - - - - -17 5 5 10 56 2.322 6 6 14 70 2.630 8 7 18 90 3.038 - - - - -44 - - - - -

XPERT DESIGN OF REDUCTOR SHAFTS CONSOLE_TIP COGWHEELS TURNS ? RESULT1 YES 3-COGWHEELS 3000 ex1 END2 YES 3-COGWHEELS 1000 ex2 END3 NO 3-COGWHEELS 3000 ex1A END…*1 IS THE SHAFT TO BE DESIGNED WITH CONSOLE?*2 THE SHAFT TO BE DESIGNED IS WITH…...


= = =

= =

==

=

NECKA

...

CONSOLE

BEARING

KEY

CKB

ProblemmodelDialog

withEKB

Console?Yes

NECK1?Yes

BEARING1?Yes

NECK2?No

NECK3?Yes

KEY1Yes

...



A list of ExpertPRIZ program packages for different application areas

Mechanical engineeringDRIVE – choosing mechanical reductorsSHAFT – designing shaftsGEAR – designing gear transmissionsBEAR – choosing bearingsIST – calculations of fits and tolerances…

Civil EngineeringSNOW – calculation of snow pressure on the roofsWIND – calculation of wind pressure on the roofsKASUS – load calculationsHEAT – heating calculationsSTONE – concrete element calculations…

ElectronicsFILTER – designing aktive filters…

…


Mechanicalpover

transmission

Shaft-andhub joints

Mechanicaldrives

Hydraulicpower

transmissions

Shafts andaxes

Couplingsand clutches

Lubricatingequipment Bearings Springs

Screwjoint Housings

Welded joints

Inventions

Machinedynamics

Tolerancesand fits

Strength ofmaterials

Materials

Traction drive

Hoistingmechanisms

Turingmechanisms

Conveyerdrives


Program package DRIVE for reductors design v

F

T

D

pc

zc

D

p=7 omega=

n=

V=2.4

D=1200

T=

F=pc= zc=

Power P, kWMoment T, N*mForce F, NDiameter D, mmSpeed n, rpmAngular velocity omega, rad/sCircular velocity v, m/sNumber of teeth zc, step pc, mm

M M M

VARIANT1 VARIANT2 VARIANT3

VARIANT1 VARIANT2 VARIANT3

REDUCTOR


63....400200...200025...400 T-S

16...200 S-T

63 ...4000 T28...80 T

20....200 K-S26.3...40 K-S

1...6.3 K

63...1000 P3

10....125 P2

3.15 .... 12.5 P

25...250 C3

7.1....50 C2

1.6 ...8 C

TYPE OF REDUCTOR <- number of poles

1 2 4 6 8 10 20 40 60 100 200 400 600 1000

u

Worm- cylinderCylinder-worm

Worm

Conical.-cylind..

Conical

Planetar

Cylinder

8 6 4 2

Efficiency factor η=0.96 ... 0.98Optimismfactor g= 0...1

η=ηmin +g(ηmax-ηmin)η=0.96+0.02g ideal case g=1

worse case g=0

Example:electric motor 4A132S4 P=7.5 kW ja n=1445 p/mindiameter of shaft d=38conical-cylinderreduktor with ratio 37.699efficiency factor of drive η=0.885

Kin. schema motor-coupling-reduktor-coupling-workingshaft






CAD SYSTEM IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

HEAT AND HUMIDITY CALCULATIONS

Realization:

• thermal calculations

• calculation of temperature falls

• calculation of vapour pressure, material databases

• graphics

• for temperature on layers

• for vapour pressure

The findings of experiments:

• ExpertPRlZ is a very good environment for prototyping

• The prototype is also a software product specifikation



CAD of Civil Engineering

Loads ES

Types of loads

Combinationsof loads

Permanent

Temporary

Unusual

Short-term

Durable

Wind loads

Snow loads

Ceiling loads

Developed by Eesti Projekt

Documents

Masinprojekteerimine * A.Kalja * Arvutitehnika instituut Program packages of ExpertPRIZ All components of ExpertPRIZ are used for developing CAD software