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Marla Benedek, Tiancheng Wang, Christine Muscolo, Adina Schwartz,
Kobena Waters, Emily Green, Yu Lun, Mengge Shan, and Jared Lindenberg
Team BALANCEBettering Aged Living through Alternative Neural Corrective
Exercises
General OverviewComparison of two types of resistance training to determine the more effective method for improving balance, especially in senior citizens.
Relevance and Justification35-40% of
community dwelling elderly adults aged 60+ fall (American Geriatric Society, et. al., 2001)
It is a national agenda to reduce the rate of emergency department visits due to elderly falls (Healthy People 2020, 2009)
http://blogs.abcnews.com/photos/uncategorized/2008/11/04/elderly_fall2_081103_mn.jpg
Relevance and JustificationNumerous benefits of preventing falls
Improved quality of life, especially for senior citizens
Increased degree of personal freedomReduced exposure to risk of serious,
lasting injuryReduced hospitalization and
rehabilitation expensesYoung adults are generally used as
reference subjects in aging studies (Liu & Lockhart, 2009)
Literature Review SummaryKey terms
Muscular Interdependency: the tendency of muscle groups in the same appendage to fire in the same direction
Muscular Independence: the ability of muscle groups in the same appendage to fire in the opposite direction
Motor Synergy: the degree to which muscular independence is exhibited against muscular interdependency to achieve the intended movement
Center of Balance:………..
Resistance training has been shown to reduce falls through muscle strengthening and balance improvement (Costello and Edelstein, 2008)
Individual finger training reduced finger interdependency most out of three training protocols (Shim, et. al.2008): Simultaneous finger training Individual finger trainingIndividual finger training with other fingers
restrained Found that individual finger training
increased ability to move one finger while minimizing other finger movement
Literature Review Summary
Research Questions
How do individual-joint and whole-leg training improve balance maintenance and recovery by increasing motor synergy and muscular strength?Which training method best improves balance maintenance and recovery for senior citizens?
How effective is this training method with college-age students as compared to senior citizens?
HypothesesResistance training will
cause a greater increase in balance in the elderly than in the young
Both individual-joint training and whole-leg training will increase balance through increased muscular strength
Individual-joint training will increase balance more than whole-leg training through increased motor synergy
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SubjectsQualifications
Sample size ≥ 16 young (18-24), 16 elderly (65+)
Presence of a sedentary lifestyleAbsence of neurological disorders and
medicationsRecruitment
Matched pairing for height, weight, and sexYoung subjects from University of Maryland,
College ParkElderly subjects from the Greater College
Park communityCompensation
$120 for 12 hours of involvement, paid in a tiered progression
Training
• 6 Weeks• 3 Sessions per Week• Resistance = 75% RM• 3 Sets of 10• 2 Min. Between Sets
StrengthDynamometer
StabilometryForce Plate
PerturbationLEPDForce PlateSEMGMotion Analysis
System http://www.vicon.com/products/motus_demo.html
Testing
Methodology Flowchart
Recruitment
Individual Joint
Exercises
Whole Leg Exercises
6-Week Training
• Ankle Plantarflexion
• Knee Extension• Hip Extension
Testing-Pretest and every
two weeks• Strength
• Stabilometry• Perturbation
6-Week Training
• Leg Press
Matched Data Analysis
Current ProgressArranged Laboratory and EquipmentIdentified Subject PoolsApplied for HHMI GrantContacted Multiple Supportive ExpertsTrained in the use of the Motion Analysis
SystemTeam Completion of IRB Training
Future Plans and Timeline
AcknowledgementsDr. Jae Kun ShimDr. Rebecca ThomasCourtenay BarrettDr. Alison LinbergDr. Svetla BaykouchevaThomas HarrodKatie JohnsonDr. James Wallace and the Gemstone
Program Staff
Questions?