Maria-Paz Fernandez

Education in Chile

Chile

• Population:– 17.2 million

• Government:– Democratic Republic– Central government

• GDP Per Capita of $17,200 (US $49,000)

• Ranked 15/136 countries with most unequal family income distribution (US is 42)

Chile

• 15 Regions• 344 communes in

Continental Chile

• Administrative division:

Regions Communes

Chilean Educational System• Three types of schools

– Public– Subsidized– Private

• 2 standardized tests:– PSU (12th grade), University admissions test. Those who score above 450 points can

apply to the best Universities– Simce (2nd, 8th and 10th grades)

• Differences between types of schools

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Average Score by Type of School

PublicSubsidizedPrivate

Aver

age

Scor

e

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Percentage of Students Who Scored Above 450 points

PublicSubsidizedPrivate

Source: DEMRESource: DEMRE

Protests Against the Education System

• Consequences of current educational system– Differences between

types of schools– Differences in access to

high quality education determined by income

– Access to University

• Several factors can determine quality of education

Source: La Tercera

Source: The Clinic

Are there any areas (hotspots) where the government should focus its

attention in public Education?

School Coverage

• Are there areas where more public schools are needed?

• Darkest areas show concentrations of population and schools.

• There appears not to be a coverage problem.

Test Scores

• 2 standardized tests:– PSU (12th grade)– Simce (2nd, 8th and

10th grades)

• Are there any areas where public schools tend to do worse on standardized tests?

• There appears to be no concentration.

• Teachers are evaluated by the government.

• Their skills are classified in one of 4 categories:– Outstanding– Competent (minimum)– Basic– Insufficient

• Are there any areas where schools tend to have more teachers with lower skills?

Teacher Quality

Poverty

• Poverty as an important factor that can lead to lower students’ performance

• Students are measured in 3 priority levels – “Vulnerability”

• Are there any areas where schools tend to have more vulnerable students?

Education Index

• Parents’ education is important factor.

• Are there any areas where people tend to have a lower educational attainment index?

Findings

• The Araucania and Los Rios regions are the educational hotspots

• They should receive more attention from the government because they have the most “vulnerable” schools

Sources• Brandt, Nicola. (2010). Chile: Climbing on Giants´ Shoulders: Better Schools for all Chilean Children.

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OCDE).

• ESRI, www.esri.com

• Integrated System of Territorial Information (SIIT), Library of Congress Chile, siit.bcn.cl• National Statistics Institute Chile (INE), www.ine.cl

• La Tercera, www.latercera.com

• Ministry of Education Chile (Mineduc), www.mineduc.gob.cl

• National System of Municipal Information Chile (Sinim), www.sinim.cl/indicadores/busq_serie_var.php

• Suryadarma, Daniel, et al. (2006). Improving Student Performance in Public Primary Schools in Developing Countries. Evidence from Indonesia. World Bank Research Paper.

• The Clinic, www.theclinic.cl

• University of Chile, Department of Education Evaluation, Measurement and Registry (DEMRE), www.demre.cl/estadisticas.htm

• University of Chile, Department of Education Evaluation, Measurement and Registry (DEMRE). (2012). Compendio Estadístico Proceso de Admisión Año Académico 2012. Santiago, University of Chile.

• World Bank, Data Catalog, data.worldbank.org

Models