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Biomass, Water and Green Roof Workshop
Agenda
6:30 Introduction/Purpose………………………………5 min……...Alan Gibson
6:35 Biomass…………..…………….………………...35min……...Brad Leonard
7:10 Green Roof………………………………………. 35 Min……..Bardi Vorster
7:45 Greywater /Heat Recovery and Conservation..…35 min…….Michael Tiffe
8:25 Closing……………………………..5 min ………....Alan Gibson
8:30 -9:00 Networking
Workshop Purpose
To provide more indepth knowledge of biomass , greywater heat recovery and conservation and Green Roof technologies and the process to implement that will support participant home power project actions To provide points of contact and resource assistance to participants post workshop
Technical HOW TO Workshops -Outline-
Follow - up HOW TO workshops focused on :
Home Heating : March 5 from 6:30-8:30 at SLC – Rm 01040
Home Power : March 9 at SLC from 6:30-8:30 in Rm 01000
Biomass and Conservation : March 10 from 6:30- 8:30 in Rm 01040
You will be able to :decide which system(s) is best for your purposes
compare costs and understand more on grants
evaluate whether you want to do it yourself or
Interact one on one with qualified contractors and how to proceed with your project
Home Heating with Biomass
Brad LeonardRenewable Energy of Plum Hollow
Bio-Mass Outline
What is a Renewable Energy Resource?The two sides of what my company does• Hearth Industry - Alternative Energy• Focusing on the Hearth/Biomass side
As a company in the Kingston Community• What have we accomplished• Where are we going
Biomass
Definition • Plant matter grown for use as a fuel.
What is a Renewable Energy Resource?
Hydro-electricSolar powerWind powerBiomass energy
Item 2Item 2
Biomass can be a responsible choice if…
The heating system is installed safely (WETT Certified Professional)Fuel is harvested sustainablyThe fuel is burned efficiently with little or no visible smoke
Home Heating Appliances
Current Technologies: • Advanced Wood burning: Wood Stoves, Wood
Fireplaces, Wood Inserts and Wood Furnaces• Pellet Stoves, Pellet Fireplaces, Pellet Inserts and
Pellet Furnaces
Emerging Technologies• Biomass Burners
Firewood – good fuel is the secret to efficiency.
Advanced Wood Burning Technology
Advanced technologies offer several advantages, including:Much higher efficiencyMuch less smoke pollutionGreater safety because less creosote is formedBurn less wood for more heat. Five acres of wood can support a home forever
Convention wood stoves
Advanced Technology Wood Stoves
Two types of Advanced Combustion:
1. Catalytic• uses catalyst to clean up exhaust
2. Non-catalytic advanced• most common type in Canada
Inside a catalytic wood stove
Smoke passes through a catalytic honeycomb that lowers smoke ignition temperature
Inside a “non-cat” wood stove
1. Firebox insulation 2. A large baffle 3. Preheated combustion air
Compare old with new
Overall Efficiency40 – 50% 60 – 80%
Title
What are wood pellets?
Pellet Appliances
Inside a pellet stove
1. Auger feed2. Combustion air3. Convection air
Biomass stoveBased on the pellet engineBurn’s pellet-sized biomassCurrent Fuels include:• Corn• Wheat• Barley• Bark Pellets• Agri-Waste pellets• Switch Grass Pellets
Two acres of switch grass could heat a home for a year
The Future:
We are working with local farmers to grow local agri-cropsWe need to have local production of pelletized biomass
Fine Particulate Emissions
Case Study WoodNatural gas only 2003-05.Stove + natural gas 2005-07.5 residents.
Total cost for installation $4,700 - Savings per year $50
Carbon Savings 5 tons/year
If you heat with oil Savings per year $900
Case Study Pellet Stove Installation
Total installation costs $5,395.60Savings over Oil Heat $1,100/year
Carbon Savings 4 tons/year
Space Heating
Studies have shown that most families spend 80% of their time in a couple rooms of the home (20% of the house)By heating the space that we live, with a high efficiency product, in we can reduce our consumption by 28%
Carbon Emissions Savings
Solar Hot Water - 1 ton/year/2 panel system2 Kilowatts of Solar/Wind – 1 ton/yearSpace Heating 28%Biomass Heating - 2-5 tons/year
Where are we going?
With more focus on climate change, our community is becoming more aware of “Green Technologies”.We are expanding, hiring more people.Continue to introduce environmentally appropriate technologies to homeowners.Work with organizations to share our knowledge.To help with the “greening” of our community.
Conclusions
Burning wood and plant matter is “carbon neutral”.Using advanced combustion appliances a home can be heated with less than 5 acres of wood and less than 2 acres of switch grass.Locally grow and harvested fuel is how we will heat our homes in the future.Using biomass as a heating option has a fast payback and can save up to 5 tons of carbon per year.SAFETY IS PARAMOUNT.
GREEN ROOFS FOR HOMEOWNERS
Green Roofs - definition
A Green Roof is:
A rooftop with vegetationCan be on apartments, factories, offices or residential buildings
Can be flat or sloped roofNew building or retrofitted older buildingSocial, environmental and economic benefits
Individual Landscapes
Two Principal Types
Individual Landscapes
Intensive Extensive
Intensive Green Roof
Individual Landscapes
Typically used for recreationUses all kinds of landscape and building materialsWide variety of plant materials e.g. grass, flowers, shrubs and trees Heavier; may need structural reinforcingHigh maintenance & higher costs
Individual Landscapes
Individual Landscapes
Extensive Green Roof
Individual Landscapes
Not for recreational purposes and generally not accessible for regular useDifferent materials usedFewer varieties of plant materialGoal is least possible maintenancePotentially lower costMany social, environmental and economic benefits
Individual Landscapes
Extensive Green Roofs
Individual Landscapes
Three different systems available:
LayeredPre-vegetated matsPre-vegetated modules
Extensive Green Roofs -– Components For All Systems
Individual Landscapes
Why Green Roofs?
Individual Landscapes
Improves the view Insulates the roofExtends roof lifeYou love to grow things!
Environmental benefits
Individual Landscapes
Urban Heat Island mitigationNoise reductionFire preventionHabitat creationStorm water run-off reduction & quality improvementRadiation reduction
Economic benefits
Individual Landscapes
Energy conservation by insulating your roofReduced cost of mechanicalsExtension of roof lifeReduction of storm water runoff
Layered Systems
Individual Landscapes
StructureWaterproofingInsulationRoot barrierDrainage, filtration and irrigationGrowing medium or substrateSuitable plantsCost
Individual Landscapes Available at www.Soprema.ca
Blanket Systems
Individual Landscapes
Pre-grown Not Pre-grown
Available at elteasygreen.com
Modular System
Individual Landscapes
Pre-grown in trays
Engineered soil medium
Contact: [email protected]
Design Considerations
Individual Landscapes
StructureMicroclimateAccessTime ConstraintsVisibilityPlant type and selectionCost
Construction Considerations
Individual Landscapes
Safety RailsMaterial storage and deliveryIrrigationAccessTime ConstraintsSchedule
Maintenance Considerations
Individual Landscapes
Inspection and repair
Watering and weeding
Permitting Requirements
Individual Landscapes
• Any structural changes require a building permit
• All roofs should be assessed by a qualified engineer
RE: Retrofit projects:• Intensive roof gardens will likely require substantial structural
modification (more weight)
• Extensive roof systems could be minor structural changes depending on size and system
• Cost is $12/ thousand of construction value + $10.00 for final inspection
Cost ComparisonItem Comment DIY Blanket
Pre.vegModule Layer Total
Structuralanalysis
Min. $125.00/hr X X X X $250.00
Building Permit $12/1000 construction
X X X X $60.00
Waterproofing EPDM X 0 0 0
Drainage board/filtering
X 0 0 0
Growing medium
Mix your own or provided
X 0 0 2-20”
Plants Qty. depends on spacing
X 0 0 0
Contracted 0 x x x
$14 – $16/sf.
$13/sf min.
$15 - $30/sf.
Case Study - St. Lawrence College
Case Study - St. Lawrence College
Individual Landscapes
Case Study - St. Lawrence College
Individual Landscapes
Green Roofs
Good for people
Good for the environment
Good for the economy
ResourcesGreen Roofs for Healthy Cities / www.greenroofs.org
- a Canada/US organization promoting green rooftops their website links to many suppliers and products and much more
ELT Easy Green www.elteasygreen.com
-Supplier of green roof products (and living wall units) including pre- vegetated mats (blanket system) -has a great DIY section on the web and mail order
[email protected] Contact Kees Govers the Canadian supplier of the LiveRoof modular system
-www.Soprema.ca A roofing company who has developed layered systems from 1/12” deep to 45”deep
Bardi Vorster /Landscape Architect [email protected]
Graywater / Rainwater WORKSHOP
Workshop outline
Introduction
Technology (available systems)
Installation Issues
Cost Calculations & Financial Projections
Getting Your Project Done
Case Study
Questions and Follow-up
Introduction
•Canada’s per capita daily water consumption is 65% above the world average!!!
•The average Canadian uses more than 335 litres of fresh water per day.
•10% of the home’s water usage is in the kitchen and for drinking water.
•½ to ¾ of summer municipal water usage is to irrigate the house’s lawn.
Definitions
•Graywater collection refers to waste water collected from bathroom sinks, bathtubs, showers, and clothes washers.•Kitchen sinks cannot discharge into a graywater system. Know as Blackwater.
•Rainwater collection refers to the harvesting of rainwater fall into storage units. This stored water maybe used for irrigation outdoors and flushing toilets, laundry and if filtered for drinking.
Benefits of Graywater Collection
•Reduces demand on groundwater or municipal water supplies.•Reduces demand on septic and municipal wastewater treatment systems.•Reduced sizing of septic system.•Reduces energy costs.•Increases lifespan of stressed septic systems.
Benefits of Rainwater Harvesting
•Reduces demand on groundwater or municipal water supplies.•Serves as a stormwater management alternative by reducing volume, velocity and peak flows of stormwater runoff.•As stormwater is controlled, flooding and streambank and channel erosion are reduced.•Less stormwater runs over hard surfaces, decreasing the impurities in the stormwater runoff.•Less buildup in your appliances.
•Upwards of 33% of a city’s electricity use is to pressurize the water delivery system.
Available Graywater Systems
• Whole Building Systems•BRAC Systems from Quebec http://www.bracsystems.com
•Single Function Systems•Water Saver Technologies of KY, USA produce the Aqus – a single flush toilet unit. http://www.watersavertech.com
Available Rainwater Systems
•First Flush Systems•Refers to the devices that divert the initial rainfall away from the storage system.
Available Rainwater Systems
•Rain Heads•Refers to the devices that divert the larger items, such as leafs, twigs and waste, from the storage system.
Available Rainwater Systems
•Storage/Containment•The storage system can come in a multitude of configurations from above ground, to below ground to modular.
Available Rainwater Systems
•Accessories•Various other components become part of a built-up rainwater harvesting system.
Installation Issues
System Sizing•Approx. 0.62 US gallons per square foot of collection area per inch of rainfall can be collected.•Losses occur due to first flush, evaporation, gutter overflow and overshoot along with any leakage. •Therefore system efficiencies are calculated at between 75% and 90%.•The collection area is calculated as the footprint of the roof regardless of roof slope or pitch. Area is roof length times width from eave to eave front to back.
Installation Issues
System Sizing – Storage•Simple method is to size storage to meet ¼ of required water demand.•Large storage capacities require additional expenses therefore water conservation becomes a larger factor.•Estimating demand – the normal water conservative household uses between 100 to 200 litres per person per day. Decide which services will use collected water.
Installation IssuesBuilding Code
•In the 2006 Ontario Building Code was amended to allow the usage of graywater to flush toilets and for irrigation. These measures where changed along with the Solar PV and Solar Thermal technologies.•Always check for additional requirements from local authority having jurisdiction. •Note all rainwater and/or graywater piping must be clearly indentified.
Installation Issues
Other Considerations•Storage tank should have potable water makeup supply hooked up. Pumps maybe damaged by running in a dry condition.•Consider if storage capacity is adequate for fire protection.
Cost Calculations
•Can be as simple as adding up costs for individual components and deciding what one and afford.•Largest single expense will be the price of the storage containment. Costs range from a low of $0.50 per gallon for fibreglass to $4.00 per gallon for welded steel containers. Generally as tank size increases the price per gallon decreases.•Filtration will range from $50.00 to $1000.00 dependent upon level of filtering required. (ie roof type, trees, water use).•Pump costs will run between $400.00 and $1200.00.
Getting Your Project Done
•Assessing Needs•What will you use the recovered water for?
•Specification of Equipment•Above ground or below ground?
•Acquiring Approvals•Check with local autohority
•Project Planning•Space available?
•Engaging Contractors•Experience? Product availability?
•Follow-ups & Maintenance•Water usage? Type? Level of purity? Filter style?
Case Study
•Kingston Police Station – LEED Gold•Reduced indoor water consumption by 71%•A 82% reduction in water used for sewage conveyance•Rainwater used to flush toilets.•Annual water savings of close to 2 million litres of potable water annually.
•Reid’s Heritage Homes – Guelph – LEED For Homes Program•Uses 1,500 gallon cistern for 100% storage of rainwater•Supplies toilets, dishwasher, laundry and underground sprinkler•Estimated 40% reduction in municipal water usage.
CONCLUDING REMARKS:
Greywater now supported for toilet flushing and irrigation. Need to check with local authorities.Need to implement water conservation.Water will become the new ‘oil’!!
Closing
Purpose /products reviewFeedback forms pleaseFurther resource support requirementsOur supportSpread the word!
Brought to you by:
SWITCH - The Sustainable Energy People
SWITCH thanks the Ontario Trillium Foundation for its Financial Support
