Mapping in SurveysUses of maps:

Plan operations Facilitate data collection Presentation and analysis of results

There are two main categories of maps: 1. Field maps - maps used in data

collection operations2. Publication maps - maps used to display

data

Planning OperationsMaps help to:

1. Locate administrative boundaries

2. Show physical geography of the country

3. Show human geography of the country

4. Determine enumeration areas

5. Estimate travel times and cost

6. Establish field offices

7. Assign geographic codes, used as tracking numbers for subsequent operations

8. Identify segments for sample surveys

Facilitate data collection

Maps help to:1. Assure complete coverage

2. Determine best travel routes within enumeration areas

3. Measure distances

4. Facilitate location of enumerators or specific housing units

5. Demonstrate the progress of field work

Presentation and analysis of results

Maps help to:1. Relate statistical data to the geographic

areas to which they apply2. Present data in a way that can be

readily understood – Difficult to see population distribution,

relationships, and patterns in a table

3. Increase use of data by the public

– Effective distribution and widespread use of data will increase support for future work

Objectives of a Mapping Program1. Cover entire enumeration area

2. Create maps useable by field staff to:• Help enumerators find their way• Indicate changes to the map

Change incorrect information on existing maps Update new features not on existing maps

• To use the map as a working document

3. Use the maps as a source for future mapping activities as either:

• Field maps• Publication maps

Basic Features of a Map1. Geographic codes, place names

2. Scale

3. Boundaries (administrative and physical)

4. Direction

5. Symbols, landmarks

6. Legend

7. Source of information

8. Date of last update or source data

9. Drafting or digitizing date

Mapping Quality ControlsEvaluation of maps for your intended

purpose (census/survey)1. Inventory and acquisition of maps

a. Completeness of coverageb. Scalec. Sized. Amount and kind of detail showne. Date of mapf. Reproducibilityg. Usefulness and accuracy

Mapping Quality ControlsVerification of the products of each

step of the mapping operation which involves professional staff review of:

a. Map compilationb. Draftingc. Reproductiond. Delineatione. Identificationf. Publication

Field MapsField staff must receive good map training

which includes both classroom instruction and field exercises on:

a. Interpretation of map symbols and scalesb. Identification of boundariesc. How to orient the map and measure

distancesd. How to travel within their enumeration arease. How to update and correct the mapsf. How to properly care for the maps

Traveling Within an Enumeration Area

Tracking Enumeration Progress Using Maps

Map Updating/Correction

Field Staff Evaluation of Maps

Ask field staff using the maps if they were:1. Clear and understandable

2. Made it possible to identify enumeration area boundaries

3. Were easy to update in the field, including: Changing incorrect information on existing maps Updating new features not on existing maps

4. Had easily understandable scales, symbols, and direction.

Publication MapsProfessional staff should verify:

1. Will it be possible to make copies of the map?2. Is the size correct (publication, wall chart, etc.)?3. Are the headings and legends properly placed?4. Has proper reference been made to source materials?5. Has correct identification been used (agency name,

division, publication, etc.)6. Is the drawing adequate to clearly show all the

necessary information? 7. Are lines, symbols, terms, and abbreviations

consistent with standards?8. Does the map or graph accurately represent the

statistical data on which it is based.

Important Points to RememberAlways include on all your maps

(field and publication):1. Scale - Map scales indicate a consistent

relationship between size on the map and actual size of the area represented. Maps usually not only show the scale ratio but convert the ratio to units of measurement. For example, a 1:24,000 map, where one map unit equals 24,000 inches, can also be expressed as1 inch = 2000 feet

Important Points to RememberAlways include on all your maps

(field and publication):

2. Data Source - Always indicate the source of your data on your maps, this information will be useful when updating, or reproducing the map information.

3. Date of Data - Since maps are often periodically updated based on information from inter-censal surveys or other agencies, date all maps so that you can keep track of the latest versions.

4. Date of Drafting or Digitizing - Dating your printed, published, or electronic maps will help clarify how reliable the geographic data is for users. It will also avoid confusion with other versions.