Many Brits came to the palace. The old man was King Cogidubnus.

Try to think of a one word adjective to describe the king as one holding a sceptre (that thing cradled in his arm).

Sometimes, just a simple one word adjective is not enough to describe something.That is when we use a RELATIVE CLAUSE. It acts like a big, extended adjective.

Many Brits came to the palace. The old man, who was holding a scepter, was King Cogidubnus.

The highlighted sections are called “relative clauses” because they are “related” (describe) another word in the sentence.

They act just like adjectives, coming AFTER the nouns they describe.

A woman was sitting near Cogidubnus.The woman, who was wearing a crown,was the queen.

The Relative Clause (underlined in the sentences above) is always introduced by aRELATIVE PRONOUN (highlighted).

In English, the relative pronouns are “who” or “whom” (when describing a person) & “which” or “that” (when describing things or non-people).

Many Romans were giving Cogidubnusexpensive things. The gift, which pleased the king the most, was a horse.

Can you identify the Relative clause in the English passage? What noun is it describing?

Can you identify the Relative clause in the Latin passage? What noun is it describing?

What is the Relative pronoun in the English passage?

What is the Relative pronoun in the Latin passage?

relative pronouns

masculine feminine neuter

Nominative singular

qui quae quod

Accusative singular

quem quam quod

Nominative plural

qui quae quae

Accusative plural quos quas quae

The relative pronoun changes it’s case depending on the function of the noun being described

and it’s job (function) in the relative clause.

Can you identify the Relative clause in the English passage? What noun is it describing?

Can you identify the Relative clause in the Latin passage? What noun is it describing?

What is the Relative pronoun in the English passage?

What is the Relative pronoun in the Latin passage?

Two maids came to the king. The wine, which the maidswere carrying, was in a goldenbowl. The king poured the wine.

Can you identify the Relative clause in the English passage? What noun is it describing?

Can you identify the Relative clause in the Latin passage? What noun is it describing?

What is the Relative pronoun in the English passage?

What is the Relative pronoun in the Latin passage?

A slave led a lamb to an altar.The lamb, which the slave was leading,was the sacrifice.

Can you identify the Relative clause in the English passage? What noun is it describing?

Can you identify the Relative clause in the Latin passage? What noun is it describing?

What is the Relative pronoun in the English passage?

What is the Relative pronoun in the Latin passage?

The priest inspected the sacrifice. Thesacrifice, which the slave was holding,bleeted. The priest killed the sacrifice.

Can you identify the Relative clause in the English passage? What noun is it describing?

Can you identify the Relative clause in the Latin passage? What noun is it describing?

What is the Relative pronoun in the English passage? which

What is the Relative pronoun in the Latin passage? quod

quod ancillae ferebant

Two maids came to the king. The wine, which the maidswere carrying, was in a goldenbowl. The king poured the wine.

which the maids were carrying wine

vinum

Can you identify the Relative clause in the English passage? What noun is it describing?

Can you identify the Relative clause in the Latin passage? What noun is it describing?

What is the Relative pronoun in the English passage?

What is the Relative pronoun in the Latin passage?

A slave was leading a lamb to an altar.The lamb, which the slave was leading,was the sacrifice.

which the slave was leading

quem servus ducebat

lamb

agnus

which

quem

Can you identify the Relative clause in the English passage? What noun is it describing?

Can you identify the Relative clause in the Latin passage? What noun is it describing?

What is the Relative pronoun in the English passage?

What is the Relative pronoun in the Latin passage?

The priest inspected the sacrifice. Thesacrifice, which the slave was holding,bleeted. The priest killed the sacrifice.

quam servus tenebat

which the slave was holding sacrifice

victima

which

quam