CarterCopters• Cleaner• Greener• Safer

Your affordableenvironmentally-friendly

VTOL technology

© 2015 – Carter Aviation Technologies, LLC

Carter AviationFounded in 1994

Genesis & Mission:The company has its roots in the wind industry. In the late 70sand early 80s, Carter Wind Systems developed the mostefficient wind turbine of its time. The key enabler was thevery lightweight high inertia wind turbine blades. This same

core technology is a critical enabling ele-ment of Carter’s Slowed-Rotor/Compound(SR/C™) technology. Jumpstarted by thesuccess in the wind industry, CarterAviation was founded with the mission todevelop breakthrough vertical-lift techno-logy – Technology aimed at providing theworld’s safest and most efficient andenvironmentally friendly runway indepen-dent aircraft ever conceived.

*SR/C is a trademark ofCarter Aviation Technologies, LLC

…and they did it!

Is a green VTOL possible?

CarterCopter Stands Out:All aircraft have varying levels of potential across avariety of assessment factors. From speed to hover andcruise efficiency, the CarterCopter hits them all. Noother technology provides the level of performance,level of safety, and ease of operation in a singleplatform. All of this in a cleaner and more cost effectivedesign. Because of these characteristics, the Carter-Copter will emerge in the future as the aircraft ofchoice. 20 years in the making, this runway indepen-dent technology offers the freedom of VTOL operationswith the speed and efficiency of conventional fixed-wing aircraft, but delivers this performance at anaffordable price. No other technology has achievedthis.

…how developed?

Technology Comparisons

Assessment Factors Ducted Fan Helicopter Tiltrotor Fixed-Wing CarterCopter

Speeds beyond 350 kts

Hover Efficiency N/A

Cruise Efficiency

Engine Out Safety

Stall Characteristics

Easy to Fly

Ease of Obtaining License

Autonomous Potential

Technology Demonstrations:• Extreme Cruise Efficiency• Jump Takeoffs• Zero Roll Landings• Broke Mu-1 Barrier (Aviation First)• Engine Out Safe Recovery and Landing

Founded 1994

Wind TunnelTest Model

Gen I PrototypeFlight Testing 1998-2005

Gen II PrototypeFlight Testing 2010-Present

CarterCopters: Green Technologyof Tomorrow Available Today!

…how possible?

CarterCopter is a simple fixed-wing aircraft first

Rotor added for vertical takeoff & landing

Rotor RPM greatly reduced for cruise

It’s all about Drag Reduction

CarterCopter Slowed Rotor:The slowing of the rotor all but eliminates its contribution todrag in cruise flight and thus you’re back to a pure fixed-wingaircraft with all the performance benefits and efficiencies. Theaddition of the rotor and the subsequent slowing of its RPM toeliminate drag is what gives CarterCopters VTOL performancewithout the baggage. That baggage being the debilitatingimpact of an open rotor system in forward flight with all of itsassociated drag and cruise inefficiency.

…how’s it transition?

Seamless Transition fromVertical to Translational Flight

1. Takeoff: Rotor is pre-rotated on theground then disengaged for takeoff. Asimple button press and the aircraftautomatically jumps off the ground andbegins to climb and accelerate. Pilotmaintains throttle setting and aircraft pitchlike a conventional fixed-wing aircraft.

2. Transition: Aircraft accelerates & rotor RPM auto-matically begins to slow (no pilot input required).

3. Cruise: Rotor continues to slow automatically to the minimum stable RPM with wings providing 90% of the lift.

4. Landing: Rotor RPM auto-matically speeds up as aircraft decelerates for landing. Pilot performs simple flare to arrest the sink rate and perform a zero-roll landing.

CarterCopter Flying Characterics:CarterCopters are designed to fly generally like conventionalgeneral aviation aircraft. With the exception of pre-rotatingthe rotor in preparation for a vertical takeoff, airmanship andhandling of the aircraft will be familiar to fixed-wing pilots.This has been achieved by fully automating aspects of theaircraft control specific to the vertical flight elements andtransition to wing borne flight.

…technologies involved?

Enabling Technologies

High Inertia RotorPermits Jump Takeoffs

and Safe EngineOut Landings

Tilting Mast ControlsRotor RPM for

High Cruise Efficiency

High Mu Ratio RotorEnables High Speed

Forward Flight

High Aspect RatioWings Optimized

for Cruise Efficiency High Energy AbsorbingLanding Gear Improves

Landing SafetyAll Composite

Construction ReducesWeight which

Improves Performance

Safety & Efficiency Focus:• Carter SR/C technology has demonstrated

efficiency 3x better than helicopters• Safety features are best-in-class for VTOLs

and dramatically better than general aviation aircraft

…the results

“I think we need arevolution in direct operating costs” *

…details?

CarterCopters are Sustainable:• Consume 1/3 the fuel of Helicopters• Operating cost 1/3 that of Helicopters• Acquisition cost 1/2 that of Helicopters

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

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1 2 3

CarterCopters

Helicopters

The Solution…

66% reduction in Direct

Operating Costs

Fuel Consumption Operating Acquisition

Costs

Rel

ativ

e C

om

par

iso

ns

*Dick Spivey, former director of the Army’s AeroFlightDynamics Directorate (AFDD),made these remarks at the American Helicopter Society(AHS) annual forum 69 and published in the AHS Vertiflightmagazine (Vol. 59, No. 4)

Clean Technology:• Farther• Faster• Carrying more• Fraction of the cost• On less fuel!

CarterCopter PerformanceAbove based on the 4-place aircraft with a 45 ftrotor and 38 ft wingspan powered by the Lycoming TIO-540. At 17,500 ft altitude and best range cruise speeds, this aircraft can deliver a 976 nm range!

…how clean?

Sample Matchups

Representative

Helicopters

Max Speed

(kts)

Range

(nm)

Payload

(lbs)

Fuel per Mile

(lbs per nm)

EC-120 120 340 836 2.15

EC-135 140 334 1,201 3.88

206B3 120 301 818 2.03

407 140 330 1,342 3.41

R44 (Raven II) 116 300 823 1.10

R66 125 325 927 1.86

Average 127 322 991 2.4 lbs per nm

CarterCopter 200 690 1,000 0.72 lbs per nmData Source: Conklin & de Decker supplemented with OEM published specifications

…how achieved?

Green Technologyfor a Brighter Future

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8

Emissions

Average HelicopterCarbon emissionsper nautical milevs CarterCopters

Billion Metric Tons of CO2

22.8

34.7 35.6

20102011

2012

Cruise Efficiency

CarterCopter Advantage:• Typical Helo L/De ~ 4 or slightly higher• CarterCopter 3x better than Helos• Represents world’s most efficient VTOL

…VTOL Safety?

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0 100 200 300 400

Effe

ctiv

e Li

ft t

o D

rag

(L/D

e)

Better

True Airspeed (mph)

CarterCopter (4k ft)

CarterCopter (25k ft)

VTOL Safety

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1400

1Ro

tor

Ener

gy /

Po

un

ds

Gro

ss W

eigh

t

R22 OH-58 412 206A CarterCopterUH-60 CH-53 214 AH-1

Better

MinimalMargin

GoodMargin

WorldClass

CarterCopter Soars:CarterCopters are equipped with an ultra high inertia rotorthat generates tremendous energy. It is this energy that is har-vested to perform safe zero roll landings time after time. Forthe world’s helicopter fleet, landing on rotor energy alone is anemergency procedure and can result in significant damage tothe aircraft or worse. CarterCopter rotor technology makesthese landings routine.

…why important?

Safety

Autorotations are a very tricky maneuver even for high time experienced pilots. Many factors determine the outcome.

…more on safety

Events Leading

to AutorotationHelo

Carter

Copter

Helo

Implications

CarterCopter

Implications

Engine Failure

Emergency procedure - Enter

Autorotation. Specific helo type and

pilot proficiency determine outcome

Perform normal landing

Fuel Starvation

Emergency procedure - Enter

Autorotation. Specific helo type and

pilot proficiency determine outcome

Perform normal landing

Main Gearbox Failure

Emergency procedure - Enter

Autorotation. Specific helo type and

pilot proficiency determine outcome

Main gearbox not

required in flight

with a CarterCopter

Tailrotor Driveshaft Failure

Emergency procedure - Enter

Autorotation. Specific helo type and

pilot proficiency determine outcome

Tailrotor driveshaft

not required in

a CarterCopter

Tailrotor Gearbox Failure

Emergency procedure - Enter

Autorotation. Specific helo type and

pilot proficiency determine outcome

Tailrotor gearbox

not required in

a CarterCopter

Safety

Helicopter vs Fixed-wings:Helicopter manufacturers have long claimed safety advantagesover fixed-wing aircraft. The basis of the claim is that a heli-copter can land practically anywhere since it can autorotateand doesn’t require a runway. While this is true, successfullyperforming an autorotation in the real world typically results insubstantial damage to the aircraft, banged up occupants orworse. The general safety record of helicopters is moretroubling.

CarterCopter Safety Trumps Them All:CarterCopters have the same advantages of helicopters overfixed-wings, but with a critical exception – CarterCopters haveenough rotor energy to make a normal landing after an enginefailure – No other flying machine ever devised can make thisclaim. Unique technology with exceptional safety.

…avoid areas

Minor

Injuries

Serious

InjuriesFatalities

21 12 23

TourismTourism may beone of the leastdemanding helicopter missions, but it is notwithout issues. A study summarized acci-dents in Hawaii from ’90-2011. There were 25 accidents & more than 1 fatality per year.

Helicopter Height – Velocity Sample Diagram

TakeoffCorridor

Must AvoidRegions

Hei

ght

(fee

t)

Airspeed (knots)

High SpeedRegion

Low SpeedRegion

Dead Man’s Curve

CarterCopters Safe at all Speeds & Altitudes:All helicopters have height-velocity diagrams often referred toas ‘dead man’s curves.’ Although within the helicopter safeflight envelope, these airspeed and altitude combinationsmust be avoided. If the aircraft has a failure requiring anautorotation while in one of these regions, recovery will not bepossible. CarterCopters have no avoid regions within theflight envelope nor a stall speed since lift seamlessly shiftsbetween wing and rotor throughout all speeds regimes.CarterCopters – Cleaner, Greener, & Safer.

…hard to fly?

Simple to Fly

CarterCopters are Simple to Fly:An affordable personal air vehicle (PAV) with point to pointcapabilities for the general population is just around thecorner. Rotor pitch control, referred to as collective inhelicopters, is automated so a helicopter pilots license is notrequired. With every landing an autorotation, there is no needto obtain special training to land in the event of engine failure.With straightforward general aviation aircraft controls, a fixed-wing pilots license with gyro add on is all that is required. Easyand safe to operate, the PAV is poised to change aviationforever.

…hear that?

Acoustics

CarterCopters Clean and Quiet:Recall that CarterCopters are essentially a fixed-wing aircraft.As such, they possess fixed-wing acoustic characteristics.Unlike helicopters where the rotor is loaded and thereforenoisy throughout the flight envelope, CarterCopters cruisequietly, cleanly, and efficiently through the skies.

…in summary

Cruise AirspeedS-92A

Effe

ctiv

e P

erce

ived

No

ise

Leve

l (EP

Nd

B)

Gross Weight (lbs)

Civil Helicopter Acoustic Requirements

CarterCopter’s Slowed-Rotor/Compound

Technology is 15-20EPNdB quieter than theleast noisy helicopters

CarterCopters• Cleaner – 1/3 the carbon• Greener – Fuel efficient,

• Safer – Engine failure

Your affordableenvironmentally-friendly

VTOL technology

quietest VTOL

means normallanding