Manual Para Lobatos

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:

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Historia

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Lobatos

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#muchachos

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Deberes

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Roca

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Clamor

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Juego

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Historia

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Lobatos

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#muchachos

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Deberes

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Roca

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Clamor

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Juego



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4



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jhwh|ho/Í|hc` o`j`zh|mk |`jk||`| f|hod`z dmzthojmhz# t|`~h| h ckz è|lkc`z } ~hzh| h ohdk ckz |åkz ~h|h ~kd`| `zjh~h| d` zpz ~`|z`fpmdk|`z9 tòåh xp` z`| qhcmòt` ~h|h dàòd`|z` d` ckz c`ko`z } kt|kz homehc`zzhcqhg`z xp` ~pdm`|ho hthjh|c`7 d`låh zhl`| jpèc`z ~chothz `|h jke`ztmlc`z } jpèc`z qòòkzhz7 ahl|mjh| zpz ptòzmcmkz d` jkjmoh jko jk|t`wh d` è|lkc k jko lh||k9 jkozt|pm| zp ~|k~mh jbkwh } tò`|ch lmò kjpcth/Bhlåh d` ~ko`| `z~`jmhc jpmdhdk ò ok d`gh| t|hz zå bp`cch omofpoh h jhpzh d` ch jphc ckf|h|ho z`fpm|c` ch~mzth/ Zm |kojhlh dp|hot` `c zp`øk# ~kdåh z`| d`zjplm`|tk ~k| zpz òèmfkz9 ~k| thotk# o`j`zmthlhòz`øh|z` h ehotò`| ch lkjh zmè~|` j`||hdh } h |`z~m|h| ~k| ch oh|mw zmo bhj`| |pmdk/Dp|hot` po e`z z` q`åh klcmfhdk hc m| pzth jchz` d` qmdh9 pohz q`j`z jko po jhck| hl|hzhdk| } kt|hz òe`dmk d`c a|åk } d` ch ccpqmh/

1



Jphodk hc amo ch ~motp|h lchojh bhlåh d`zh~h|`jmdk d` zp jp`|~k# ~kdåh qkcq`| h zp jmpdhd ò ch xp` `|h|`jmlmdk jko f|hod`z ep`zt|hz d` |`fkjmgk# } tkehlh d`zd` cp`fk zp cpfh| òt|` ckz fp`||`|kz d` ch t|mlp/]h ~kdåh òtkoj`z jkotmoph| zp jh||`|h# } cc`fh| h z`|# z`f÷o zp l|hqp|h# po \mof%Ik~# `z d`jm|# pofp`||`|k d` q`|dhd9 } ~kdåh pzh| po homcck ò ch jhl`wh } jkotmoph| d` `zt` ekdk bhzth hdxpm|m| `cbko|kzk tåtpck d` Cklk/]h ~kd|ímz qkzkt|kz mehfmoh|kz xp` epjbkz d` ckz epjbhjbkz xp` z` zpg`thlho h `zth ~|p`lh# okcc`fhlho hc amohc/ Hcfpokz ek|åho d`qk|hdkz ~k| chz am`|hz# kt|kz hz`zmohdkz ~k| ckz bkel|`z9 } epjbkzz` hbkfhlho k ~h|`jåho d` bhel|` k d` a|åk/ Zkcheòt` ckz e`gk|`z d` òt|` `cckz zhcåho hqhot`#

dèkzt|hodk xp` |`hceòt` `|ho bkel|`z/@zth zå xp` `|h poh ~|p`lh dp|h# »ok `z q`|dhd;

Jhlhcc`|kz

Hothøk# ckz Jhlhcc`|kz `|ho op`zt|kz Zjkptz9 bkel|`z dmz~p`ztkz h ek|m| ~k| zp ~ht|mh# xp` bhlåho gp|hdk z`| lkodhdkzkz jko ckz hojmhokz# fò`|kzkz } hehlc`z jko chz epg`|`z } omøkz/@cckz thelmío# jkek ckz wpc÷`z# bhlåho h~|òdmdk zpz d`l`|`z d`zd` omøkz# bhlåho z`|qmdk d` ~hg`z h ckzjhlhcc |kz h}pdèodkc`z h ~ko`|z` zp h|ehdp|h/ Jkoak|e` j|`jåho } ~hzhlho h z`| gúqò`z# z`jkoq`|tåho ò `zjpd`|kz9 h~|òdåho h ekoth| h jhlhcck9 z` `g`|jmthlho ò `c pzk d` chz h|ehz9 }# hcemzek tmè~k# z` mozt|påho ò chz c`}`z d` jhlhcc`|åh ~h|h jkoqòm|z` ò q`|dhd`|kz jhlhcc`|kz/ Tòåhoxp` dèkzt|h| xp` |`hceòt` jkokjåho zpz d`l`|`z } `|ho h~tkz ~h|h ch ~|kekjmúo# `rhjtheòt` jkekckz gúqò`z fp`||`|kz wpc÷`z/ Jkek dmfk# `ztk `|h ò zmfckz ~hzhdkz9 hbk|h# epjbkz gúqò`z d`z`h|åho

xp` `rmztm`|ho ckz jhlhcc`|kz d` hothøk ~h|h ~kd`| qmqm| } cc`qh| hc jhlk chz è~|`zhz xp` `cckz`g`jpthlho } ckz eèz ~`xp`økz d`z`h|åho z`| zpz ~hg`z } `zjpd`|kz/^p`z lmò# íztkz `rmztò ò op`zt|h í~kjh/ Ckz bkel|`z xp` }k jkozmd`|k jkek ckz jhlhcc`|kz d` hothøkzko ckz Zjkptz d`c ~|`zòt`9 zko ckz fph|dha|kot`|hz d` op`zt|k ~håz9 ckz fph|dhlkzxp`z# ckz jhwhdk|`z#ckz `r~ck|hdk|`z# ckz t|hwhdk|`z d` eh~hz# ckz zkcdhdkz } ckz eh|mokz# ckz `r~ck|hdk|`z d`c ^kck# ckzemzmko`|kz# tkdkz `ztkz bkel|`z d` op`zt|h |hwh xp` qmqò ò cpfh|`z zhcqhg`z9 xp` bhjò a|òt` h ckzt|hlhgkz } h ckz ~`cmf|kz ~k| jhpzh d` zp d`l`|9 xp` ~hzho tkdh jchz` d` ~òhcmdhd`z# } xp`# tòmòdkjpmdhdk d` zå emzekz# qmqò h ch hctp|h d`c okel| d` ~ht|mkthz ~k| zp l|hqp|h# zp lkodhd } zp gpztmjmh#ò tkdhz chz ~h|t`z d`c epodk9 íztkz zko ckz Zjkptz d` op`zt|h ohjmúo d` bk}9 zko ckz Cklhtkz/^`|k ok ~kd|åho jpe~cm| jko zp d`l`| zm ok ck bplm`|ho h~|òdmdk d`zd` omøkz/

Júek ~p`dò ckz omøkz h~|òd`| h z`| Zjkptz

Ckz omøkz d` tkdk `c epodk tmòò ch k~k|tpomdhd d` jkoqòm|z` ò Zjkptz zmòdk hot`z Cklhtkz#`rhjtheòt` jkek ò ch hotmfó`dhd# ckz `zjpd`|kz h~|òdåho h z`| jhlhcc`|kz/Hbk|h thelmío ckz Zjkptz eèz gúqò`z %ckz Cklhtkz% jkek ckz ~hg`z d` hothøk# ~|`~h|èodkz` ~h|hjkoq`|tm|z` ò `zjpd`|kz# ~p`dò thelmío h~|òd`| ch eho`|h d` jkoq`|tm|z` `z Zjkptz jphodk tòfhoch `dhd ~h|h `cck/

D`l`|`z d` ckz Cklhtkz

@o chz Dòt`cchdhz xp` zmfpò# dh|í h jkokj`| júek z` h~|òdò ckz dma`|òt`z d`l`|`z d` po Cklhtk#thc`z jkek bhj`| opdkz# òjòd`| akfhthz# ~|kjp|h|z` jkekdmdhd ò `c jhe~heòtk# jkozt|pm| pohjbkwh# òjkot|h| `c jhemok ò cpfh|`z d`zjkokjmdkz# t|hozemtm| z`øhc`z h zpz hemfkz# h}pdh| hc ~|úgmek }dh| z`|qmjmk ò jhzk d` hjjmdòt`z/Ok me~k|th xp` qkzkt|kz z`èmz |mjkz k ~kl|`z# xp` qmqèmz ò `c jhe~k k ò ch jmpdhd9 tkdk `c epodk

~p`d` h~|òd`| `zthz jkzhz } ~|kj`d`| d` ch eho`|h xp` hxpå `r~kofk/

Ch \kjh d`c Jkoz`gk } ckz Jå|jpckz

Jphodk ch ehohdh z` |`poåh ò ch z`cqh# Hi`ch# `c Qm`gk Cklk# `zthlh d` ~m` zkl|` poh f|ho |kjhjkckjhdh ò `c jòt|k } ckz cklkz zòthdkz h zp hc|`d`dk|/

Hzå# ò qp`zt|h Ehohdh z` ~p`d` z`øhch| ch |kjh jko po ~`xp`øk jm|jpck d` ~m`d|hz k d``zthjhz k jko fmz "tmwh-# jkek ízt`/

6



@c Jå|jpck d` ch \kjh tmò` eèz k eòkz t|`z ~hzkz d` dmèe`t|k9 ò `c jòt|k z` jkckjh `c hzth lhod`|h k`c tútè d` ch Ehohdh/

Júek ak|eh| `c Jå|jpck d` ^h|hdh

Jphodk ch Ehohdh `ztè |`pomdh ò ch \kjh d`c Jkoz`gk# `c Gà` d` Ehohdh dh ch k|dò d` ak|eh| `cJå|jpck d` ^h|hdh } jhdh Cklhtk tkeh chz ehokz h ckz xp` tmò` h ckz chdkz# jhemohodk bhjmh ht|èz ~h|hak|eh| po f|ho jå|jpck/@zt` jå|jpck z` pzh ~h|h `c F|ho jchek| ~h|h chz dhowhz d` ch z`cqh } ~h|h chz jke~`tòjmhz/

Cchehdh d` ch z`cqh

Mod`~òdmòtèòt` d` jphcxpm`| jkzh xp` jhdh pok `ztí bhjmòdk# ò `c ekeòtk ò xp` z` k}` chcchehdh d` ,Ehohdh# Ehohdh# Ehohdh,# } ~|kj`d` h tkeh| zp cpfh| ~h|h ak|eh| `c Jå|jpck d` ^h|hdhhc|`d`dk| d`c Gà` d` Ehohdh/ Zm ízt` zkcheòt` dmj` ,Ehohdh,# poh zkch q`w# òtkoj`z zmfomamjh zmcòjmk} ò `zt` jhzk tkdkz d`l`|èo zpz~òd`| ck xp` `ztèo bhjmòdk } `zjpjbh|/

\kjh d`c Jkoz`gkJå|jpck d` ch \kjhJå|jpck d` ^h|hdh

¨Hc`|th(

\`jk|dhd xp` jphodk po Cklhtk |`jml` ch k|dò d` ,¨Hc`|th(, z` ~ko` d` ~m`# `|fpmdk/ jkek po zkcdhdk

jko ckz thcko`z gpotkz# chz ehokz h ckz chdkz# `c ~`jbk zhcmòt`# ch jhl`wh |`jth } ez kgkz qmòdk hc a|òt`} ok h omof÷o kt|k chdk/

Jphodk z` c`z k|dò` ,Hc`|th,# ok zhxpò `c `ztúehfk om zpeho `c hldkeò/^`|eho`wjho jko ckz ~m`z gpotkz } ch qmzth hc a|òt`# jkek zm ap`|ho zkcdhdkz/

Jphodk z` dh ch k|dò d` d`zjhozk# òtkoj`z `c Cklhtk d`l` ~h|h|z` jko ckz ~m`z z`~h|hdkz# chz ehokz gpothz ~k| ch `z~hcdh# } ~p`d` q`| ~h|h tkdhz ~h|t`z zm fpzth/

2



@c F|ho Jchek| "F|ho Hpccmdk-

,Bhj`| `c F|ho Jchek| "F|ho Hpccmdk-,

Ckz cklkz `ztèo zòthdkz hc|`d`dk| d` ch \kjh d`c Jkoz`gk ak|ehodk po f|ho jm|jpck ò `c ekeòtk òxp` Hi`ch# `c Qm`gk Cklk# Gà` d` ch Ehohdh# qmò` h kjp~h| zp cpfh| zkl|` ch |kjh/ @o `z` ekeòtk

tkdkz `jbho bhjmh ht|èz ch jhl`wh } c` dho po f|mtk d` lmòqòmdh/ Jphodk qp`zt|k Qm`gk Cklk# Hi`ch# `zd`jm| qp`zt|k Gà` d` Ehohdh p kt|h hptk|mdhd# cc`fp` h poh d` qp`zt|hz |`pomko`z# d`límz zhcpdh| ak|ehodk po jå|jpck# `rhjtheòt` jkek ckz gúqò`z cklkz ck bhjò# } dh| `c F|ho Jchek| d` ckz Cklhtkz9~k| thotk# ak|ehkz moe`dmhtheòt` ò jå|jpck "jko |h~md`w7 po Cklhtk opojh jhemoh# zmè~|` jk||`-/Moe`dmhtheòt` d`z~píz# zòthkz zkl|` qp`zt|kz thcko`z# jko chz ehokz tkjhodk `c zp`ck# òt|` ckz ~m`z#chz |kdmcchz bhjmh hap`|h/

H zè`ghowh d` ckz cklkz# zmíotòz` zkl|` zpz thcko`z# jko chz ehokzòt|` ckz ~m`z } chz |kdmcchz bhjmh ap`|h } tkxpò `c zp`ck/

@o `zth ~kzmjmúo# hc cc`fh| `c Qm`gk Cklk h ch Ehohdh# ckz ckl`wokz `jbho bhjmh ht|èz zpz jhl`whz }f|mtho# ~`|k zp f|mtk zmfomamjh hcfk/ Zmfomamjh xp` ck |`jmlò jko hc`f|åh# hc emzek tmè~k xp` `ztèo

dmz~p`ztkz h kl`d`j`| zpz ú|dò`z/@c Cèh d`c Cklhtk ò tkdk ekeòtk `z7 ,Zmè~|` ck E`gk| ,/Hzå ~p`z# jphodk `c G`t` d` ch Ehohdh ~ò`t|` ò `c jå|jpck# c`qhothd ch lh|lh } tkdkz hc emzek tmè~kf|mthd# hch|fhodk jhdh ~hchl|h7 ,H%i%`%c%h b%h%|%è%k%z c%k e%`#g%k%|,/ Ch ~hchl|h e`gk| qmqh# ap`|t` }jk|th7 hc emzek tmè~k zhcth|ímz ~h|h ~ko`|kz d` ~m`/ cc`qhodk helhz ehokz h ckz chdkz d` ch jhl`wh }jko ckz d`dkz modmj` } jk|dmhc z`øhchodk bhjmh h||mlh# jkek zm ap`|ho k|`ghz d` po cklk/Hzå z` bhj`# eèz »jpèc `z zp zmfomamjhdk;Zmfomamjh xp` qkzkt|kz bh|ímz ck e`gk| xp` ~kdèmz# jko helhz ehokz# ok zkcheòt` jko poh# jkek ckbhj` ch eh}k| ~h|t` d` ckz epjbhjbkz xp` zúck zhlò pzh| ch ehok d`|`jbh/ Ck e`gk| ò qkzkt|kz z`hdkz q`j`z zp~`|mk|# h ck e`gk| ò po epjbhjbk jke÷o/

=



Jkotmophd qkzkt|kz jko qp`zt|hz ehokz h ckz chdkz d` ch jhl`wh# emòt|hz `c cklk cchehh ch Ehohdh ò qkw hcth dmjmòdk ,d}l# d}l# d}l# d}l#, xp` zmfomamjh bhfho ck e`gk| /D`z~píz d c jph|tk ,d}l, tkdkz ckz Cklhtkz d gho jh`| zp ehok mwxpm |dh#`c`fhotèòt`# hc chdk d`c jp`|~k# ehotòmòdk ch d`|`jbh ò ~kzmjmúo d` zhcpdk# ohdheèz xp` hbk|h z`~h|hdkz ckz d`dkz xp` z`øhcho bhjmh h||mlh# ~h|h bhj`| `c zhcpdk }f|mtho ,dkl# dkl# dkl/ dkl,# xp` xpm`|` d`jm|7 ,Okzkt|kz bh|èkz ck e`gk|,/ D`z~píz d`c

jph|tk ,dkl,# jhdh Cklhtk# jko |h~md`w lhgh zp ehok d`|`jbh hc chdk d`c jp`|~k ~h|hxp`dh| ò ~kzmjmúo d` am|e`z `z~`|hodk ú|dò`z/@c ~ko`|z` ò `zth ~kzmjmúo zmfomamjh xp` `ztèo dmz~p`ztkz h bhj`| ck e`gk| jko helhzehokz# ok jko poh zkch jkek `c epjbhjbk jke÷o/Hbk|h zòthkz op`qheòt` zkl|` qp`zt|kz thcko`z } t|hthd d` |`~`tm| `c F|ho Jchek| hcQm`gk Cklk/

Gp`fk7 ZB@\@ IBHO ] EKVFCM/

^h~è Cklk } Eheè Cklh gpotk jko ckz ~`xp`økz Cklkz ak|eho poh jhdòh# pok d`t|èz d` kt|k# jkoEkvfcm# `c eèz ~`xp`øk# hc amohc d` ch jhdòh/ Jhdh pok z` jkf` d` ch jmotp|h d`c xp` tmò` òa|òt`/@otkoj`z qmò` `c tmf|`# z`øk| Zb`|` Ibho# xpmò d`z`h jkf`| h Ekvfcm# ~`|k jhdh q`w xp` bhj` `cmotòtk# ^h~è Cklk z` mot`|~ko` } ok ck d`gh# } tkdh ch jhdòh d` Cklkz# lmò hfh||hdkz pokz h kt|kz#

t|htho d` dàòd`| h Ekvfcm xp` `ztè d`t|èz d` `cckz/Ekvfcm tmò` po ~høp`ck jkcfhdk d`t|èz d` íc# h eho`|h d` jkch# d`lhgk d`c zpít`|# } zm Zb`|` Ibho# ò `cch~zk d` t|`z emoptkz z` ck ~p`d` h||`lhth|# fhoh `c gp`fk9 zm ok# ck fhoho ckz cklkz/

8>



Z@FPODH D@OT@CCHDH

Hi`ch % Lhckk % Lhfb``|h % @c Ckl`wok % @c Zhcpdk % Ch MozmfomhCh Dhowh d` Thlhxpm % ^|kopojmhjmúo d` ckz okel|`z d` ch Z`cqh

HBK\H D@Z@K D@JM\KZ hcfk eèz hj`|jh d` Ekvfcm } d` ch Ehohdh d` ch Z`cqh/ »Kz hjk|dèmzxpmío`z `|ho ckz ~|mojm~hc`z homehc`z;

Hi`ch

Hi`ch `|h `c zhlmk Qm`gk Cklk# jhl`wh d` ch Ehohdh# xp` ~|`zmdåh `c Jkoz`gk d` ch \kjh } qmfmchlh h ckzcklkz ~`xp`økz ~h|h xp` klz`|qh|ho ch C`} d` ch Ehohdh/ @|h jkek `c bkel|` ehdp|k xp` òz`øh h ckz

gúqò`z ck xp` d`lò bhj`| ~h|h jkoz`|qh|z` ap`|t`z } ÷tmc`z/Hi`ch# `z ch ~hchl|h modmh xp` zmfomamjh `c xp` `ztè zkck/ Pomjheòt` ~kd|è bhl`| po Gà` d` Ehohdh xp`ch dm|mgh# hzå jkek Hi`ch `zthlh zkck ò ch \kjh d`c Jkoz`gk/ Zm bplm`|h epjbkz gà`z ò ch Ehohdh#~pdm`|h z`| xp` tkdkz h ch q`w t|hth|ho jkzhz dmztmothz# dhodk kjhzmúo h zpz Cklhtkz h xp` zmfpm`|ho }h hpokz# }h h kt|kz9 } hc amohc# ch Ehohdh z` jkoq`|tm|åh ò ck xp` z` jkoqm|tmú ch ehohdh d` Z``ko``# d` , @c Cml|k d` chz Tm`||hz Qå|fò`z,# d`z~píz d` xp` ckz Cklkz bmjm`|ko h po chdk hc Qm`gk Hi`ch } zmfpm`|ko hdma`|òt`z gà`z/ Ok th|dh|ko epjbk tmè~k zmo xp` hcfpok `ztpqm`|h jkgk ~k| bhl`| jhådk ò poh t|he~h9kt|k tpqm`|h chz ~hthz ht|hq`zhdhz ~k| poh lhch } kt|kz hodpqmí|ho ehf|kz ~k| bhl`| jkemdk jkzhzmod`lmdhz# emòt|hz kt|kz z` bhlåho `rt|hqmhdk/ Zm tkdkz bplm`|ho z`fpmdk h Hi`ch xp` `|h `c gà` d` chehohdh# ohdh d` `ztk c`z bhl|åh hjkot`jmdk/ Zb`|` Iho `|h `c tmf|` òfhøhdk|# ò xpmò tkdk z` |`dpjåhh |h}hz# dmòt`z } fh||hz9 ~`|k jkek ch eh}k| ~h|t` d` ckz epjbhjbkz èlpzt`|kz# ok `|h d` jk|hwúoqhc`|kzk jphodk òjkot|hlh h hcfpmò xp` c` bmjm`|h a|òt`/

Thlhxpm

88

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Akela

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Balooo


http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Lobezno

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Saludo

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Insignia

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#DANZA

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Nombres

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Akela



http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Lobezno

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Saludo

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Insignia


http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Nombres



Thlhxpm `|h `c mozmfomamjhot` jbhjhc xp` t|hthlh d` bhj`| hemfkz cmzkog`hodk h tkdk `c epodk7 ~`|k ò|`hcmdhd# ck ÷omjk xp` ~|`tòdåh `|h kltò`| d` `cckz chz zkl|hz/ Bh} epctmtpd d` epjbhjbpjbkz jkekThlhxpm# xp` z` h||hzt|ho } z` ~`fho h kt|kz jko ch `z~`|howh d` kltò`| chz jkzhz |`fhchdhz# ò q`w d`t|hlhgh| ~h|h hdxpm|m|chz/Hzå# ~p`z/ ckz homehc`z ò ch z`cqh z` ~h|`jò epjbk ò zpz ekdkz h ckz bpehokz/

Lhckkk } Lhfb``|h

^`|k h÷o bh} eèz homehc`z ò ch Z`cqh d` ckz xp` bhzth hbk|h ok kz b` bhlchdk/Jphodk Ekvfcm ap` jkodpjmdk h ch \kjh d`c Jkoz`gk# tòåh xp` jkoq`|tm|z` ò pok d` ckz d` ch Ehohdh#ck xp` zmfomamjhlh xp` d`låh h~|òd`| zpz C`}`z } jkztpel|`z } jkoq`|tm|z` ò q`|dhd`|k emèl|k d``cch/ @o jkoz`jpòjmh# `c Qm`gk Lhckk/ `c Kzk# xp` `|h zhlmk# hpoxp` fk|dk } zkøkcm otk# ap` òjh|fhdkd` òz`øh|c` chz C`}`z/ Lhfb``|h# ch f|ho ^hot`|h o`f|h# `|h ap`|t` } cmzth } `zthlh òjh|fhdh d`òz`øh|c` h jhwh| } t|hlhgh| ò ch Z`cqh/

Okel|`z d` ch Z`cqh

]k `z~`|k xp` thelmío qkzkt|kz# ò qp`zt|h Ehohdh h~|òdèmz h ccheh| h qp`zt|k Gà` d` Ehohdh#Hi`ch# ~k|xp` íc `z qp`zt|k fpåh/ Zm bh} hcfpokz kt|kz epjbhjbkz xp` ck h}pdò# c`z ccheh|ímz Lhckk }Lhfb``|h/ Jphodk bhlcímz d` tkdkz ò jkogpotk cchehdc`z ckz Qm`gkz Cklkz/»] ~k| xpí ok dh| thelmío h ckz Cklhtkz d` qp`zt|h Ehohdh okel|`z d` ch Z`cqh;@c Z`mzò`|k d` ckz Cklkz F|mz`z ~p`d` z`| cchehdk `c B`|ehok F|mz# ~k| `gè~ck9 `c Cklhtk eèz hc`f|`7\miim%tmiim%thqm k zme~cèòt` \mim/ @c `zj|mlhok d` ch Ehohdh z` ccheh|è Zhbå "`c ~p`|jk `z~åo-/

@c Ckl`wok

Hc epjbhjbk xp` d`z`` z`| Cklhtk z` c` ccheh Ckl`wok bhzth xp` h~|òdh chz C`}`z d` ch Ehohdh# ch^|ke`zh# ch Lhod`|h# ch Mozmfomh# `c Cèh# `c Pomak|e`# `c Zhcpdk } `c F|ho Jchek|9 gpotk jko zpzmfomamjhdk7 òtkoj`z z` c` hdemt` jkek ^h|jb`tm`|ok } pzh `c Pomak|e` d` ckz Cklhtkz/Z` c` ccheh ^h|jb`tmèk ~k|xp` jphodk zhc` h jhwh| zp ~|`zh k gpfh| ò ch Z`cqh# ok zhl` júek bhj`|ck7~m`|d` zp jhemok } ~|kotk z` ahtmfh/ } zpz ~kl|`z ~m`z k ~h|jb`z hjhlho ~k| ehct|hth|z`/Ehz tho cp`fk jkek h~|òd` hcfpohz d` chz jkzhz d` ckz qm`gkz# z` jkoqm`|t` ò Cklhtk d` ~p|h zhof|`/

@c Zhcpdk

@z ch z`øh z`j|`th jko ch jphc ckz Cklhtkz zhcpdho h zp Gà` d` Ehohdh# h kt|kz Cklhtkz } h ckz Zjkptz/Qkzkt|kz bhlímz h~|òdmdk }h `c f|ho zhcpdk xp` z` pzh dp|hot` `c F|ho Jchek|# ~h|h zhcpdh| hc Qm`gkCklk9 ~`|k zm òjkot|èmz h Hi`ch ò jphcxpm`| ekeòtk# òtkoj`z d`l`|ímz pzh| `c zhcpdk k|dmoh|mk xp`z` bhj` d` ch zmfpmòt` eho`|h7 jko ch ehok d`|`jbh c`qhothdh h ch hctp|h d` ch jhl`wh# d` ekdk xp` `cåodmj` tkxp` ch fk||h/

Ckz Cklhtkz z` zhcpdho òt|` zå } zhcpdho h ckz dèèzemèl|kz d`c Ekqmemòtk# dèodkz` ch ehok mwxpm`|dh/

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^h|h bhj`| `c Zhcpdk# ò ~kzmjmúo d` am|e`z cc`qò zp ehok d`|`jbh h ch hctp|h d` chjhl`wh# tkjhodk ch fk||h jko `c åodmj`/

Chz dkz k|`ghz d` ch Jhl`wh d` Cklk# xp` `z ch Mozmfomhd` ckz Cklhtkz# ckz dkz d`dkz d` ch Z`øh# zko poJkozthot` |`jk|dhtk|mk ~h|h `c Cklhtk d` chz dkz ~h|t`zd` zp ^|ke`zh/

»^k| xpí bhl|è xp` tò`| dkz d`dkz bhjmh h||mlh; ^k|xp` }h qkzkt|kz zhlímz júek z` q` ch jhl`wh d`po Cklk# jko zpz dkz k|`ghz ~h|hdhz# } `z ~|`jmzheòt` `zh jhl`wh ch xp` z` pzh jkek Mozmfomh d` ckz

Cklhtkz/Ckz dkz d`dkz ò `c zhcpdk zmfomamjho chz dkz k|`ghz d`c Cklk/Jphodk kz òjkot|ímz h kt|k Cklhtk# h po Zjkpt k h jphcxpm`| ~`|zkoh xp` cc`q` ch Mozmfomh d` ckz Zjkptzk d` ckz Cklhtkz# d`l`|ímz zhcpdh|ch/

Ch Dhowh d` Thlhxpm

Thlhxpm `z `c jbhjhc/ Po modmqmdpk |hzt|`|k/ Zmòt` em`dk d` `zth| zkck# ~k| thotk# opojh z` h~h|th d` ckzkt|kz jbhjhc`z zpz jke~hø`|kz/ T|hth d` h~h|òth| xp` `z po cklk# ~`|k opojh# jkek `c cklk# zhc` hlpzjh| zp hcmeòtk# zmok xp` ck me~ck|h k ck |klh d` kt|kz/ Jphodk ck bh jkoz`fpmdk# ok ck hf|hd`j`# ~k| `c jkot|h|mk# zhcth d` po chdk ~h|h kt|k# hbp}òthodk ch jhwh } jkoqmomíodkz` ò hcfk mozk~k|thlc`/ Bh}epjbkz epjbhjbkz xp` zko jkek Thlhxpm# xp` qho d` po chdk h kt|k f|mthodk } bhjmíodkz` kdmkzkz#ekc`zthodk h tkdk `c epodk } cmztkz ~h|h eòdmfh| po jòthqk k po lkjhdk# ~`|k opojh dmz~p`ztkz h

t|hlhgh|/ Zmè~|` `ztèo ~|kotkz ~h|h lp|ch|z` k òahofh| h kt|kz zm z` òjpòt|ho h thc dmzthojmh d` `cckzxp` ok c`z ~p`dho bhj`| ohdh# ~k|xp`# ò |`hcmdhd# zko jklh|d`z/]k `z~`|k xp` po Cklhtk ok he`|mt` opojh `c okel|` d` Thlhxpm/Zb`|` Ibho `|h `c tmf|` d` h~h|mòjmh a`|kw# ~`|k òfhøhdk|/ Ok `|h mot`cmfòt` ~h|h jhwh| omofpoh ~|`zh#} hzå z` jkoak|ehlh jko cc`fh| h ckz ~klchdkz } ehth| h ckz jk|d`|kz } h chz jhl|hz } h÷o h qm`gkzmodàòzkz# zm ckz òjkot|hlh dk|emdkz# ~p`z c`z tòåh epjbk em`dk h ckz bkel|`z/Ckz Thbhxpm tòåho ò f|ho `ztmeh h Zb`|` Ibho# ck z`fpåho ~k| tkdhz ~h|t`z }/ hpoxp` ckz òfhøhlhzmè~|`# c` d`jåho xp` `|h `c |`} d` ch Z`cqh } xp` ok bhlåh ohdh e`gk| xp` íc zkl|` ch Tm`||h/^k| zp~p`ztk xp` zúck ck bhjåho ~h|h xp` c`z dm`|h po lkjhdk d` zp jkemdh/ ]k b` jkokjmdk epjbkzZb`|` Ibho òt|` ckz epjbhjbkz d` h~h|mòjmh a`|kw# xp` z` ~hzhlho ch qmdh òfhøhodk h ckz eèz

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~`xp`økz ~h|h jkoz`fpm| d` `cckz xp` bmjm`|ho zp qkcpothd9 ~`|k |`zpcthlho t|èòdkz jklh|d`z# thocp`fk jkek hcfpok# ~k| ~`xp`øk xp` ap`|h# c`z bhjåh a|òt`/

Gp`fk7 CH DHOWH D@ THLHXPM/

^h|h ch Dhowh d` Thlhxpm# ch Ehohdh z` dmqmd` ò dkz z`jjmko`z/ Ch emthd d` ckz Cklhtkz %jko po gà`xp` `z Zb`|` Ibho% zko ckz Thlhxpm/ } ch kt|h emthd zko ckz Cklkz# xpmò`z# ~k| zp~p`ztk tmòò jko`cckz h Ekvfcm/

Ckz Thlhxpm } Zb`|` Ibho |`~|`zòtho zp ~h|t` ~|me`|k# emòt|hz ckz cklkz d`zjhozho } `z~`|ho ò po`rt|èk d`c zhcúo "k d`c jhe~k-/Ckz jbhjhc`z ak|eho po jå|jpck hc| d`dk| d` Zb |` Ibho xp` z` ~hz`h k|fpcckzk ò `c jòt|k#ahoah||ko`hodk jphotk c` `z ~kzmlc`# } ~h|`j` |`th| h tkdkz } h jhdh pok ~h|h ~`c`h| jko íc# dmjmòdk7 ,]kzk} Zb`|` Ibho# `c Tmf|` \`},/ ] ckz jbhjhc`z jkoak|e` z` ep`qò h zp hc|`d`dk|/ ep|ep|ho7 Jbhjhc#jbhjhc,/D` ~|kotk pok d` ckz Thlhxpm zhc` d`c jå|jpck# z` h||hzt|h bhzth Zb`|` Ibho } c` bhj` poh ~|kapodh|`q`|òjmh/ Zb`|` Ibho# tho zúck ~k| dmq`|zmko/ tm|h poh ~hthdh h zp z`fpmdk|/ @c jbhjhc `zxpmqh `c fkc~`#bhj` kt|h ~|kapodh |`q`|òjmh jkek zm dmg`|h ,f|hjmhz, } |`f|`zh jk||mòdk h zp cpfh|/ Tkdk `zt` tmè~kbh `zthdk h ch qmzth d` Zb`|` Ibho/ ~`|k tho ~|kotk jkek xp`dh h ch `z~hcdh d`c tmf|`# z` ~|kdpj` ò ícpo jhelmk |hdmjhc# d`gh d` bhj`| jh|hqhohz } c` bhj` poh ep`jh h Zb`|` Ibho/,Lkomtk f|p~k d` Cklhtkz/ »ok `z q`|dhd;, ^`|k q`hekz/ Ckz cklkz jkemòwho h ekq`|z`/ Z` h||kghozkl|` ckz Thlhxpm } jhdh pok d` `cckz h~|`zh h pok d` `ztkz homehc`z |hzt|`|kz/ Jphodk `c |pmdk } ch

cpjbh bho t`|emohdk } ckz cklkz jko zpz jhptmqkz d`zjhozho d` op`qk xpm`tkz# Zb`|` Ibho# xp` bh`zthdk po ~kjk o`|qmkzk ~k| `c tpepctk# em|h h zp hc|`d`dk|# q` xp` z` òjpòt|h zkck } ~mòzh hzå7 ,zk}eèz f|hod` h÷o d` ck xp` }k ~òzhlh,/ ] |pf`7 ,zk} Zb`|` Ibho# `c Tmf|` \`},# jko ch `z~`|howh d` xp`ck kmfho ckz bhlmthot`z d` ch z`cqh } ck j|`ho/ Ckz bhlmthot`z d` ch z`cqh ~kd|èo j|``|c`# ~`|k Ekvfcm bhzhlmdk zmè~|` xp` `c tmf|` ok `z zmok po ahoah||úo jklh|d`# } hbk|h hqhowh bhjmh íc ep} d`z~hjmk/ jkopo l|hwk `rtòdmdk "z`øhcèodkck jko `c d`dk- } zpz kgkz amgkz ò ckz d`c tmf|`/ Zb`|` Ibho ok ~p`d` q`| hcbkel|`# zmòt` em`dk } hpo jphodk jkotmo÷h dmjmòdk xp` íc `z `c Tmf|` \`}# z` qh bpemcchodk bhzthtòd`|z` h ckz ~m`z d` EkvfcmJko `ztk t`|emoh ch dhowh } ch Ehohdh òt`|h jk||` h ak|eh| `c Jå|jpck d` ^h|hdh/Thc q`w j|`èmz xp` ízth `z poh dhowh dmaåjmc# ~`|k |`hceòt` qhc` ch ~òh òz`øh|ch# ~k|xp` ckzq`|dhd`|kz Cklhtkz bhjò d` `cch hcfk ep} mot`|`zhot` } zpf`ztmqk/Kt|kz# ~k| zp~p`ztk# ch `jbho h ~`|d`| ~k| ok ~kz`zmkoh|z` d` zp ~h~`c/ Tkdk `c írmtk d`~òd` d` pohjkzh7 d` xp` ò ch Ehohdh bh}h q`|dhd`|kz Cklhtkz# xp` d`t`ztò h ckz ~|`tòjmkzkz k# ~k| `c jkot|h|mk#

xp` omofpok z` bh}h tkehdk `c t|hlhgk d` ~òzh| zmxpm`|h ò `cckz/

Gp`fk7 TM\H\ @C TH\PFK/

Jkcúxp`z` po ~`dhwk d` ehd`|h zkl|` pok d` zpz chdkz# d` thc eho`|h xp` tòfh poh hctp|h eèz keòkz d` z`zòth jòtåe`t|kz } xp` ~p`dh jko ahjmcmdhd z`| tm|hdk k zhcthdk ~k| po epjbhjbk9 zm ok bh}kt|h jkzh# ~p`d` ptmcmwh|z` poh ~`ckth d` a÷tlkc/ Ck Cklhtkz ak|eho po jå|jpck h zp hc|`d`dk|# jkfmdkz d`chz ehokz } tm|hodk pokz d` kt|kz# t|htho d` bhj`| xp` pok d` `cckz c` ~`fp` hc th|pfk } ck tm|`/ Zm tmòòírmtk# `c xp` bh tm|hdk `c th|pfk d`gh d` ak|eh| ~h|t` d`c jå|jpck } fhoh `c xp` z` xp`dh hc ÷ctmek/

^|kopojmhjmúo d` ckz Okel|`z d` ch Z`cqh

Hcfpokz d` ckz okel|`z d` ,@c Cml|k d` chz Tm`||hz Qå|fò`z, zko dmaåjmc`z d` ~|kopojmh|/ ~k| thotk t|hth|íd` h}pdh|kz/Hi`ch/ H%xp`%ch/Lhfb``|h/ Lh%fpm%|h/Lhod`|ckf/ Lho%d`|%lkf /Ihh/ ^|ko÷ojm`z` Jh| # ~`|k xp` ch | h~òhz zpò`/Ekvfcm/ Ekp%fcm /Zb`|` Ibho/ Zb`|%Jho/Thlhxpm/ Th%lh%xpm /

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T@\J@\H D@OT@CCHDH

C`} d` ch Ehohdh % Dhowhz d` Lhckk } d` Lhfb``|h@c Dåh d` ch Ehd|`

@c Cklhtk h~|òd` zp t|hlhgk/

BHLÍMZ C@ÅDK `c cml|k cchehdk ,Jkcemcck Lchojk,# bmztk|m`th d` Ghji Ckodko;@z ep} lkomtk } d`zj|ml` ch qmdh d` po cklk gkqò/ Dh h jkokj`| júek po ~`xp`øk cklhtk zhcmú d` chjp`qh dkod` qmqåh zp ehd|` } h~|òdmú h bhj`| epjbhz jkzhz/Poh h|dmcch xp` jk||åh hc|`d`dk| d` ch lhz` d` po t|kojk d` è|lkc# d` |`~òt` z` cc`fú bhzth íc } c` jhpzúpo t`||mlc` zpztk/ Z` hfhwh~ú } f|pøú# ehz ch h|dmcch z` hzpztú thotk jkek íc } t|`~ú |è~mdheòt` ~k| `cè|lkc# jko ck jphc xp`dú ap`|h d` zp hcjhoj`/

Eèz th|d` t|htú d` jkf`| poh jbkjbh9 ~`|k ízth c` ~mjú ch oh|mw } ck hzpztú thelmío/D`z~píz# zp ehd|` c` òz`øú júek d`låh tm|h|z` ò `c zp`ck } hj`jbh| zp jhwh# xpm`tk# ~hjmòtèòt`#~h|h dh| `c fkc~` jko zpz dmòt`z# jko ch |h~md`w d`c |h}k/ T|hthodk d` jhwh| po ~p`|jk `z~åo kltpqk pohehfoåamjh c`jjmúo# tho lpòh jkek ch e`gk| xp` ~p`d` |`jmlm| po Cklhtk/@c ~p`|jk `z~åo# tho ~|kotk jkek òt|h ò hch|eh# z` ò|kzjh# } zpz `z~mohz h~potho ò tkdhzdm|`jjmko`z# } ~p`d`# jko po fkc~` d` zp jkch# òjhgh| hcfpohz d` `zthz ~potmhfpdhz zh`thz ò ch jh|h pbkjmjk d` po cklk# k d` jphcxpm`| kt|k homehc xp` ck hthxp`/Po cklk qm`gk xp` bh zmdk b`|mdk ò `zth ak|eh# ok qp`cq` h `r~ko`|z`/ Zhl` xp` d`l` `zth|z` xpm`tk# zmoekq`|z`# jhzm zmo |`z~m|h|/ xpmwè poh bk|h# bhzth xp` `c ~p`|jk `z~åo# zp~komòdk xp` ch jkzth `ztè cml|`#jkemòj` h d`zò|kcch|z` ò ak|eh còth# ep} còth# } ~|`jhqmdh/

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http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Madre

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Ley


http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Madre



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81



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86



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82



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http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Banderlog

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http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Banderlog





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Ch Zko|mzh d`c Cklhtk

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ak|eh| d` op`qk `c jp`|~k d` Ihh9 ckz kt|kz còtheòt` z` qho jkckjhodk h ch jkch ~h|h jke~c`th| `cjp`|~k d` ch z`|~mòt`/ Jphodk tkdkz `ztèo }h |`pomdkz# ch z`|~mòt` z` ep`q` ~`zhdheòt` ak|ehodkpo jå|jpck } ~k| amo z` `jbh hc zp`ck } z` dp`|e` ~h|h bhj`| ch dmf`ztmúo d` ch lpòh jkemdh xp` bh dhdk/@ztk ÷ctmek z` cc qh hc jhlk tm|èodkz` hc zp`ck pok d`z~píz d` kt|k# ~|mojm~mhodk ~k| `c Fpåh#d`zjhozhodk jhdh Cklhtk zp jhl`wh zkl|` `c jke~hø`|k d` òa|òt`/ H ch cchehdh d` Ëhohdh#Ehohdh# Ehohdh(# tkdkz z` ~koò d` po zhctk zkl|` zpz ~m`z# f|mthodk ch |`z~p`zth ,Ëhohdh(,# } ak|ehoò z`fpmdh `c Jå|jpck d` ^h|hdh/

XPMOTH D@OT@CCHDH

Ckz Lpòkz Jbmjkz % Júek bhj`|kz z`|qmjmhc`z qkzkt|kz emzekz@c Gp`fk d`c Epjbhjbk Wpc÷ % Ch Dhowh d` ch Ep`|t` d` Zb`|` Ibho

Ckz Lpòkz Jbmjkz

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gp`fkz bhjåho po |pmdk moa`|ohc } tkdk ck qkcqåho hc |`qíz ~komòdk ckz ep`lc`z ò d`zk|dò# |ke~mòdkch ckwh# moptmcmwhodk zp |k~h } ~komíodkz` b`jbkz po hzjk9 opojh ~òzhlho ò chz ~òhz } t|hlhgkz xp`kjhzmkohlho h ckz dèèz# zúck ~òzhlho ò dmq`|tt|z`/Ch hlp`cmth c`z jkothlh jpèo dma`|òt` bhlåh zmdk hxp`cch jhzh ò høkz ~hzhdkz# jphodk `c Lpò Jbmjkbhlmthlh ò `cch/ »Xpmío `|h `c Lpò Jbmjk; xp`|åho zhl`| ckz epjbhjbkz/@c Lpò Jbmjk %d`jåh ch hlp`cmth% `|h po dpòd`jmcck xp` zkcåh qòm| h jhzh hot`z xp` ohdm` z` c`qhoth|h#

cme~mhlh ch jbmeò`h } ~koåh ap`fk# hjh||`hlh hfph } ~|`~h|hlh `c d`zh}pok9 ~koåh ckz jph|tkz òk|dò# d`zòbm`|lhlh `c gh|dåo# bhjåh# ò amo# tkdkz ckz xp`bhj`|`z zmo d`gh|z` q`| d` ohdm` gheèz9zmè~|` hlhodkohlh ch jhzh hot`z xp` hcfpmò z` bplm`z` c`qhothdk9 `|h poh lòdmjmúo ~h|h tkdk `cepodk# tkdkz `|ho a`cmj`z# } ch jhzh |`cpjmòt` } cme~mh/Tkehzmtk } Gphomtk d`z`h|ko zhl`| júek ~kd|åho jkoz`fpm|z` po Lpò Jbmjk xp` qmom`|h h h}pdh|ckz òckz xp`bhj`|`z d` zp jhzh# `qmtèodkc`z tò`| xp` bhj`| chz dma`|òt`z jkzhz xp` zp ~hd|` } zp hlp`cmth`zthlho k|dòèodkc`z zmè~|`/\kfh|ko h zp hlp`cmth c`z dmg`|h júek ~kd|åho òjkot|h| po Lpò Jbmjk# } `cch c`z dmgk xp` ck e`gk| `|h m| ò lpzjh d` ch qm`gh zhlmh c`jbpwh } ~|`fpoth|c`# ~p`z `cch ~|klhlcèòt` zhl|åh tkdk ck |`chtmqk h ckzdpòd`z# } c`z ~kd|åh moak|eh| dúod` òjkot|h| po Lpò Jbmjk/

<1

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Chicos

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#serviciales

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#MUCHACHO

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#SHERE

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Chicos

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#serviciales

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#MUCHACHO

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#SHERE



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] ok z` jkoak|eh jko bhj`| poh Lpòh Hjjmúo ò jhzh# zmok xp` thelmío chz bhj` jphodk `ztè ap`|h d``cch7 ~h|h zp jke~hø`|k d` `zjp`ch } ~h|h zp eh`zt|k# jphodk `ztè ò ch `zjp`ch9 ~h|h zp jke~hø`|kCklhtk } ~h|h zp Gà` d` Ehohdh# jphodk `ztè ò ch Jp`qh9 ò `c t|hoqåh k ò ch jmpdhd/Jphodk òjpòt|h k~k|tpomdhd d` z`|qm| h hcfpmò# ck bhj` moe`dmhtheòt`# ~k|xp` thc `z zp d`l`|/ ]

gheèz hj`~th|è poh |`jke~òzh ~k| bhl`| kl|hdk hzå/

Júek bhj`|kz z`|qmjmhc`z qkzkt|kz emzekz

Bhj`| chz jhehz

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@zthz zko pohz jphothz md`hz d` júek ~kdímz z`| po Lpò Jbmjk ò jhzh/

Gp`fk7

@C EPJBHJBK WPC×/

Pok d` ckz Cklhtkz |`~|`z oth hc epjbhjbk wpc÷# xp` ~mothdk d` lchojk `z òqmhdk h ch z`cqh ~h|h z`| jhwhdk ~k| ch t|mlp/@o q`w d` ch ~motp|h lchojh# ò op`zt|k gp`fk `c epjbhjbk cc`qh po zkel|`|k lchojk d` t|`z ~mjkz b`jbkd` ~h~`c# `c jphc ok d`l` xpmth|z` ~h|h ohdh dp|hot` `c gp`fk/

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CH DHOWH D@ CH EP@\T@ D@ ZB@\@ IBHO/

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Ch jhwh d` Ekvfcm/Ch jhwh d` Ekvfcm/Hjhlú jko Zb`|` Ibho//

Hjhlú jko Zb`|` Ibho//D`zkcchodk hc t|hmdk|/D`zkcchodk hc t|hmdk|/¨\h( ¨|h( ¨|h( ¨|h( ¨|h(

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cåo`h : bhj` po ekqmemòtk qmfk|kzk jkek d` h~pøhch| hc tmf|`/ Ch cåo`h 4 |`~mt` `zt` ekqmemòtk/ Chcåo`h 0 jko helhz ehokz c`qhothdhz òa|òt` d` ch jh|h memth ch hjjmúo d` d`zkcch|ck xpmtèodkc` ch ~m`c/Ch cåo`h 1 ck |`~mt`/ Ch cåo`h 6 dhowh bhjmh ch d`|`jbh ekqmòdk `c l|hwk zkl|` zp jhl`wh/ Ch cåo`h 2|`~mt` `zt` ekqmemòtk/^h|h ch z`fpodh ~h|t`# ckz Cklhtkz z` ~koò ò jpht|k ~m`z d` a|òt` hc jòt|k d`c jå|jpck jko `c Fpåhap`|h d` íc/ @zth ~h|t` d` ch dhowh jkozmzt` ò poh z`|m` d` qmtp~`|mkz ~h|h `c tmf|` ep`|tk# dm|mfmdkz ~k| `cfpmh/ Jkot`zth ch Ehohdh hqhowhodk h fhthz po thotk bhjmh `c jòt|k } dhodk po f|pømdk/ Ckz qmtp~`|mkzd`lò z`| jpht|k ò tkthc/ Ckz f|pømdkz jkemòwho ep} zphqèòt`# j|`jmòdk f|hdphceòt` ò ap`|wh }ò m|h/ ^`|k ch Ehohdh ok bh|è omof÷o ekqmemòtk om |pmdk òt|` po f|pømdk } kt|k/ Ckz qmtp~`|mkz zko7,Cpof|m# jke`dk| d` |hohz,9 ,ep`|`# l`ztmh d` ch z`cqh,9 ,jhwhdk| d` omøkz Cklhtkz,/ Hc tmè~k d`c jph|tkf|pømdk ch Ehohdh d`l` bhl`| cc`fhdk h ch \kjh d`c Jå|jpck/

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Ch t`|j`|h ~h|t` d` ch dhowh ch jkemòwho ckz Cklhtkz d` |kdmcchz# zòthdkz zkl|` ckz thcko`z jko ckzl|hwkz jkcfhodk# zp`ctkz h ckz chdkz/ @c Fpåh z` h||kdmcch ò ch emzeh ak|eh xp` ckz dèèz# c`qhoth ckzl|hwkz bhjmh h||mlh } dmj` còth } ~hpzhdheòt`7 ,¨Zb`|` Ibho bh ep`|tk(, Ch Ehohdh òtkoj`z`rtmòd` zpz l|hwkz ò ch emzeh ak|eh } hc poåzkok jko íc# jkoz`|qhodk ckz l|hwkz ò `zh ~kzmjmúo#bhj` t|`z jh|hqhohz tkjhodk `c zp`ck jko chz ehokz } ch a|òt` dmjmòdk7 ,Ep`|tk % ep`|tk % ep`|tk,/ @oz`fpmdh# d` po zhctk# z` ~koò zkl|` zpz ~m`z dhodk po a|òítmjk ,Qmqh, ~k| t|`z q`j`z } tm|èodkz` hczp`ck jkek zm bplm`|ho zmdk b`|mdkz |`~òtmoheòt`/ D`z~píz d` ~`|eho`j`| ò zmcòjmk ~|kapodkdp|hot` 0 z`fpodkz# z` dh ch z`øhc d` xp` z` ~kofho ò ~m`# } jkojcp}` hzå ch Dhowh d` ch Ep`|t`/ @zth

dhowh ok `z tho dmaåjmc jkek ~p`d` d`dpjm|z` ò `zth d`zj|m~jmúo } zm z` òzh}h jhdh ~h|tz`~h|hdheòt`# hot`z d` òzh}h| ò jkogpotk# ch Ehohdh ch h~|òd` jko ahjmcmdhd/Zm d`z`èmz òt|`tò`| h qp`zt|kz ~hd|`z# ehd|`z } hemfkz# ok bh} ohdh e`gk| xp` ch Dhowh d` Thlhxpm#z`fpmdh moe`dmhtheòt` d` ch Dhowh d` Zb`|` Ibho/

Z@RTH D@OT@CCHDH

@c Pomak|e` % Ch ^|ke`zh d`c Cklhtk % Ch Z`mzòh@c Tútè d` Ehohdh % Chz @zt|`cchz

@c Pomak|e`

@C CKLHTK D@ CH Z@CQH tmò`# jkek ch eh}k| ~h|t` d` ckz homehc`z# jpht|k ~hthz# jhl`wh } jkch/ Ckemzek tmòò ckz jbmqkz# ckz j`|dkz# chz gm|hahz9 ~`|k ok tkdkz tmòò ch emzeh ~m`c# om `c emzek jkck|/^|`jmzheòt` qkzkt|kz ~kd|ímz jkokj`| ~k| zp ak|eh } ~k| `c jkck| d` zp ~m`c h po cklk# } tkdkz ckz cklkzz` ~h|`jò pokz h kt|kz/ Hzå thelmío ckz omøkz Cklhtkz %zko jkek jphcxpm`| kt|k omøk ò jphotk xp`jhdh pok tmò` jhl`wh# dkz l|hwkz } dkz ~m`|ohz9 ~`|k z` dmztmofpò moe`dmhtheòt` ~k|xp` tkdkz qhoq`ztmdkz d` ch emzeh eho`|h# dma`|òt` d`c omøk jke÷o/ @c Cklhtk pzh po pomak|e` jke~p`ztk d` poZpít`|# jhemzh# ~hothcúo jk|tk# e`dmhz/ poh fk||h } poh ~høkc`th d`c jkck| hdk~thdk ~k| zp F|p~k/Jkek ckz cklhtkz d` ch z`cqh# jkoz`|qho zp Pomak|e` `c`fhot` } cme~mk# ok d`gho xp` `c ckdk } `c ~kcqk z`jkoz`|qò ò íc } ~koò zpek jpmdhdk ò xp` ok z` c`z |ke~h } z` jkoqm`|th ò bh|h~kz jphodk gp`fhoò `c jhe~k/Bh} xp` |`jk|dh| thelmío xp` ~h|h `c Cklhtk `c Pomak|e` zmfomamjh hcfk eèz } `z xp` ~`|tò`j` h pohf|ho B`|ehodhd9 xp` `z zè`ghot` ò tkdhz ~h|t`z d`c epodk9 xp` tmò` b`|ehokz Cklhtkz ò tkdkz ckz

~håz`z9 xp` tkdkz bhjò `c emzek t|hlhgk/Ch fòt` tmò` po f|ho jkoj`~tk d` ckz epjbhjbkz xp` pzho `zt` Pomak|e`# ~k|xp` zhlò xp` ok zkojkek jphcxpm`| epjbhjbk# xp` zko cme~mkz# cmztkz } hjtmqkz } xp` z` ~p`d` jkoamh| ò `cckz ~k|xp`kl`d`jò ck e`gk| xp` ~p`dò chz ú|dò`z xp` |`jmlò# } bhjò z`|qmjmkz f|htpmtkz ~h|h zpz zè`ghot`z/Thc `z ck xp` z` `z~`|h d` qkzkt|kz# ~k| `c b`jbk d` pzh| Pomak|e`/ Hzå# ~p`z# hz`fp|èkz jhdh pok d`xp` cc`qèmz lmò f|hlhdh `zth md`h# ok zkcheòt` emòt|hz dp|h ch |`pomúo d` ch Ehohdh# zmok thelmíojphodk kz òjkot|ímz ò ch jhzh# k ò ch jhcc`# k ò jphcxpm`| kt|h ~h|t`# ap`|h d` ch Ehohdh/ ^òzhdzmè~|` ò qp`zt|k d`l`|/ ] jphodk `ztímz ò pomak|e` |`jk|dhd xp` `ztèmz d` z`|qmjmk/Qkzkt|kz zkmz jkek ckz zkcdhdkz } ckz eh|mokz pomak|ehdkz9 tò`d ~|`zòt` xp` `ztkz qhcmòt`z bho|`jmlmdk b`|mdhz# bho ~hzhdk ~òhz } t|hlhgkz } epjbkz bho ~`|dmdk ch qmdh# zúck ~k| jpe~cm| jko zpd`l`|# zmo me~k|th|c`z ckz zpa|memòtkz xp` `zk òt|høhlh ~h|h `cckz/Qkzkt|kz thelmío ~kdímz dèkzt|h| h ch fòt` xp` jkek Cklhtkz# zhlímz jpe~cm| jko qp`zt|k d`l`|# zmome~k|th|kz chz ekc`ztmhz xp` kz jhpz` } `c ~`cmf|k h xp` kz `r~kofèmz/ Öhdh me~k|th( ¨@c d`l`| hot`

tkdk# ~h|h po Cklhtk(»] jpèc `z `c d`l`| d` po Cklhtk; ^p`z `z klz`|qh| ch C`} d` ckz Cklhtkz } ch ^|ke`zh/ ^h|h z`| poq`|dhd`|k Cklhtk bh} xp` zhl`| ízthz d` eèk|mh# òtòd`|chz } ~|hjtmjh|chz ò tkdh kjhzmúo/ Bk}#qhekz h q`| zm tkdkz ckz Ckl`wokz |`jp`|dho ck xp` bho h~|òdmdk/Ch ^|ke`zh d` ckz Cklhtkz# `c Cèh# ch Mozmfomh# chz Eèrmehz# ch C`} d` ch Ehohdh/@c Zhcpdk# ch Lhod`|h/@c F|ho Jchek| "F|ho Hpccmdk-/@z~`|k xp` qp`zt|k Hi`ch kz bh|è poh ~`xp`øh ~cètmjh hj`|jh d` `zt` hzpotk tho me~k|thot`# hot`z xp`qkzkt|kz z`èmz d`jch|hdkz Cklhtkz } bhfèmz qp`zt|h zkcèo` ^|ke`zh/

Ch ^|ke`zh d` po Ckl`wok

:>

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Uniforme


http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Seisena

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Totem

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Estrella

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Uniforme


http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Seisena

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Totem

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Estrella



@c Ckl`wok `z jkodpjmdk hc jòt|k d`c Jm|jpck d` ^h|hdh/ Zp fk||h z` jkckjh h ckz ~m`z d`c Gà` dÈhohdh# xp` `ztè d` ~m` òa|òt` d` íc/@c Gà` d` Ehohdh c` ~|`fpoth7 %»Jkokj`z ch C`} } ch ^|ke`zh d` ckz Cklhtkz# `c F|ho Jchek| } `cZhcpdk;@c Ckl`wok7 %Zå# z`øk|# ckz jkokwjk/@c Gà` d` Ehohdh7 %»Jpèc `z ch C`};@c Ckl`wok7 %@c Cklhtk `zjpjbh } kl`d`j` hc Qm`gk Cklk/ @c Cklhtk z` qòj` h zå emzek/

@c Gà` d` Ehohdh7 %,»@ztèmz ~|`~h|hdk ~h|h bhj`| ch Zkcèo` ^|ke`zh d` ckz Cklhtkz;,@c Ckl`wok7 %Zå# z`øk|# ck `ztk}/ ,]k ~|ke`tk bhj`| zmè~|` ck e`gk| ~k| jpe~cm| emz d`l`|`z ~h|h jkoDmkz } ch ^ht|mh/ Kl`d`j`| ch C`} d` ch Ehohdh } bhj`|c` poh Lpòh Hjjmúo h hcfpmò jhdh dåh,/@c Gà` d` Ehohdh7%Jkoaåk ò xp` bh|èz zmè~|` ck e`gk| ~k| fph|dhd `zth ^|ke`zh/ Hbk|h }h `|`z Cklhtk } emèl|k d` chf|ho B`|ehodhd d` ckz Zjkptz/ @c Gà` d` Ehohdh c` dh zpz Mozmfomhz# c` jkckjh ch fk||h %jpmdhodk xp` c`xp`d` ò zp cpfh|% } c` `zt|`jbh ch ehok mwxpm`|dh/ @c Cklhtk z` ~hzh chz Mozmfomhz d` ch ehok d`|`jbh hch ehok mwxpm`|dh } zhcpdh hc Gà` d` Ehohdh jko ch ehok d`|`jbh/ Cp`fk z` qp`cq` bhjmh `c |`ztk d` chEhohdh } zhcpdh/ Z` xp`dh am|e` ~k| po ekeòtk emòt|hz ch Ehohdh c` d`qp`cq` `c zhcpdk jkekep`zt|h d` xp` `z lmò |`jmlmdk ò `cch/ @o z`fpmdh z` mojk|~k|h h zp Z`mzòh/Ch j`|èkomh t`|emoh jko `c F|ho Jchek|# ò `c xp` `c ^h|jb`tm`|ok tkeh ~h|t` ~k| ~|me`|h q`w/

Ch Z`mzòh

Hbk|h `|`z Cklhtk } pzhz `c Pomak|e` d` ch Ehohdh9 } h÷o eèz# `|`z ok zkcheòt` emèl|k d` chEhohdh# zmok thelmío d` poh Z`mzòh xp` ak|eh ~h|t` d` ch Ehohdh/Ch Z`mzòh# jkek t÷ ~|klhlcèòt` zhl`z# `ztè jke~p`zth d` z`mz epjbhjbkz h chz ú|dò`z d` poZ`mzò`|k9 `cckz ~`|eho`jò zmè~|` pomdkz ò `c t|hlhgk } ò `c gp`fk/ Jhdh Z`mzòh z` dòkemoh ~k| po jkck|# } hzå bh} cklkz o`f|kz# cklkz jhaíz# cklkz lchojkz# cklkz f|mz`z# cklkz jkck|hdkz# `tj/Jhdh Cklhtk cc`qh zkl|` `c l|hwk po dmztmotmqk t|mhofpch| d` fío`|k d`c jkck| d` ch Z`mzòh9 `z `c ^h|jb`d` Z`mzòh/Chz ú|dò`z d`c Z`mzò`|k d`lò z`| kl`d`jmdhz zmè~|` ~k| ckz emèl|kz d` ch Z`mzòh/ @c z`fpodkd`c Z`mzò`|k `z cchehdk Zplz`mzò`|k# } zp klcmfhjmúo `z h}pdh| hc Z`mzò`|k ò tkdk ck xp` ~p`dh/ D`jhdh Cklhtk d`~òd` `c h}pdh| h xp` zp Z`mzòh z`h ch e`gk| d` ch Ehohdh/

Tútè d` Ehohdh

Jhdh Ehohdh d`l`|è tò`| po Tútè/ Ch ~hchl|h Tútè `z d` k|mfò modmk } |`~|`zòth `c `zjpdk d` chahemcmh xp` ck pzh/ @c `zjpdk d` h|ehz fò`|hceòt` mlh ~mothdk } f|hlhdk ò ch eh}k|åh d` chz jkzhzxp` zp dp`øk pzhlh# ~k| `gè~ck7 po `zjpdk aèjmc d` d`zj|mlm|# `z `c d`c Gà` Zjkpt d` Fhc`z# Zp Hct`wh\`hc `c ^|åojm~` d` Fhc`z/ @ztè jke~p`ztk d` t|`z ~cpehz d` hq`zt|pw# zpg`thz hc ~m` ~k| po cmztúo# ò `cjphc `zj|ml` ch dmqmzh ‒Mjb Dmò, xp` zmfomamjh ,]k zm|qk,/

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Hbk|h lmò# chz ahemcmhz modmhz he`|mjhohz tòåho zp Tútè# thcchdk jphodk c`z `|h ~kzmlc`/ @|ho íztkz#fò`|hceòt # ~kzt`z } ~hckz hctkz hdem|hlcèòt` thcchdkz/ @c `zjpdk z` òjkot|hlh ò ch ~h|t eèzhcth# } `|h ~k| ck |`fpch| poh l`ztmh# po ~ègh|k k po ~`w/ Ck q`åho hcfk hzå jkek poh ehzjkth } j|`åho xp`ckz qmfmchlh } ckz ~|kt`fåh d` ckz ~`cmf|kz/ Tkdkz ckz Cklhtkz ~`|tò`jò h poh f|ho ahemcmh# jkob`|ehokz Cklhtkz ò epjbkz ~håz`z# } zp `zjpdk `z ch Jhl`wh d` po Cklk/ Ck pzho ò fío`|k zkl|` zpfk||h } zp zpít`|# } ò e`thc ò `c kghc d`c zhjk jphodk ok qho d` Pomak|e`/ ^p`d` z`| b`jbk ò jhchdkpo ekd`ck d` Jhl`wh d` Cklk# } ~p`dò thcch|ck hcfpokz Qm`gkz Cklkz ò po ~`dhwk d` ehd`|h9 thelmío~p`dò pzh| poh jhl`wh d` cklk dmz`jhdh# zm tmòò ch ak|tpoh d` jkoz`fpm|ch/ @c ~hck ~p`d` z`| d`

jphcxpm`| ehd`|h/ Jkckjhd ch jhl`wh ò ch ~poth d`c ~hck } tòd|ímz cmztk `c Tútè/ T|hthd qp`zt|k Tútèjko jpmdhdk } |`z~`tk } opojh ck d`gímz |kdhodk/ Jhdh q`w xp` po Cklhtk kltmò` poh Mozmfomh d`@z~`jmhcmdhd# z` jp`cfh po cmztúo# d` jkck| d` ch Z`mzòh# jko `c okel|` d`c Cklhtk `zj|mtk ò ch `tmxp`thxp` jp`cfh d` ch ~poth/ Hcfpokz kt|kz bkok|`z kltòmdkz ~k| ch Ehohdh z` c` ~p`dò hf|`fh| thelmío# }h÷o xpmwè po jchqk jko jhl`wh d` chtúo ~p`d` jchqh|z` ò `c ~hck ~k| jhdh epjbhjbk xp` mof|`zh ò chEhohdh/

Chz ^|p`lhz d` @zt|`cch

Hbk|h xp` }h `|`z Cklhtk ~p`d`z jkeòwh| h fhoh| tpz @zt|`cchz xp` pzh|hz ò tp fk||h } xp`dèkzt|h|èo tp àmjhjmh ò `c t|hlhgk# ~p`z `|`z po Cklhtk d` ~p|h zhof|`9 ~`|k ok t` kcqmd`z d` ch

^|ke`zh d` ckz Cklhtkz om d` ch C`} d` ch Ehohdh/ Ok ~mòz`z xp` ~k|xp` chz h~|òdmzt` ~h|h z`| ^h|jb`tm`|ok chz ~p`d`z d`gh| h po chdk } kcqmdh|t` d` `cchz/ ^k| `c jkot|h|mk# d`l`|èz tò`|chz zmè~|`~|`zòt`z# } ok zkcheòt` z`| jh~hw d` |`~`tm|chz d`chot` d` jphcxpm`| ~`|zkoh } ò jphcxpm`| tmè~k#zmok thelmío d` |`~`tå|t`chz h tm emzek tkdkz ckz dåhz# bhjmòdk jphotk ~p`dhz ~h|h hjtph| d` hjp`|dkjko `cchz/Ch eh}k| ~h|t` d` qkzkt|kz jkokjímz d` qmzth ch Mozmfomh d` ckz Zjkptz7 ch Ack| d` Cmz jko zòdhz `zt|`cchzò chz bkghz cht`|hc`z/ »Zhlímz ck xp` `zhz `zt|`cchz zmfomamjho; Zko ckz dkz kgkz hlm`|tkz d`c Cklhtk/hot`z d` z`| Zjkpt/ Zmfomamjho xp` `c Zjkpt |`jp`|dh chz jkzhz mot`cmfòt`z xp` h~|òdmú jphodk h÷o `|hCklhtk9 } xp` ck q` tkdk# xp` ohdh `zjh~h d` z`| okthdk ~k| íc# }h z`h xp` z` òjpòt|` ò `c ~mzk# ò `chm|` k ò jphcxpm`| ~h|t` d` zp hc|`d`dk|# c`gkz k j`|jh/@c t|hlhgk o`j`zh|mk ~h|h kltò`| chz @zt|`cchz ~h|`j`|è thc q`w dèhzmhdk ~h|h z`| `g`jpthdk ~k| ckzCklhtkz9 ~`|k qhc` ch ~òh# ~p`z jphodk `cckz bh}ho kltòmdk zp Z`fpodh @zt|`cch } hj`|jh d` chzMozmfomhz xp` ~kd|ímz fhoh| d`z~píz d` kltòmdh ch Z`fpodh @zt|`cch/

Ch ^|me`|h @zt|`cch

Hbk|h kz òz`øh|í júek bhlímz d` t|hlhgh| ~h|h kltò`| qp`zt|h ^|me`|h @zt|`cch/Ch ^|me`|h @zt|`cch z` cc`qh hc a|òt` d` ch fk||h# h ch d`|`jbh d` ch Mozmfomh d`c Cklhtk/

Ch Lhod`|h

,Jkokj`| ch jke~kzmjmúo d` ch Lhod`|h Ohjmkohc } `c ekdk d` kod`h|ch,/Ckz Cklhtkz jkokjò ch jke~kzmjmúo d` ch Lhod`|h d` zp ~håz/Tkdkz qkzkt|kz d`l`|ímz zhl`| júek d`l` mwh|z` qp`zt|h Lhod`|h7 zmo èlh|fk# bh} epjbkz xp` ok ckzhlò/ Po epjbhjbk h~h|`j`|è hot` ckz kgkz d` ckz Zjkptz jkek tkotk zm mwh ch Lhod`|h hc |`qíz/Po lpò zmztèh ~h|h |`jk|dh| ch Lhod`|h `z bhj`| po dmlpgk d` `cch/ Jko a|`jpòjmh `z jkoqòmòt` xp``zt` t|hlhgk z` dmqmdh òt|` tkdkz ckz emèl|kz d` ch Z`mzòh/

:<



ZÍ^TMEH D@OT@CCHDH

Klz`|qhjmúo % Hdm`zt|hemòtk d` ckz zòtmdkz % \hzt|`kPo ~`|múdmjk d` h|òh % C`jtp|h d` poh ~mzth % Homehc`z dkeíztmjkz

Klz`|qhjmúo

,@zth `z ch C`} d` ch Z`cqh/ Tho qm`gh } q`|dhd`|h jkek `c am|eheòtk/ @c cklk xp` ch klz`|qh ~|kz~`|h9`c xp` ch qmkch d`l`|è ek|m|/// @c jbhjhc ~kd|è z`fpm| hc tmf|`# ~`|k t÷# Cklhtk# jphodk t` j|`wjho chz ~htmcchz# |`jp`|dh xp` `c cklk `zjhwhdk| } hqhowh } jkozmfp` zp ~|k~mh jkemdh―/ %\pd}h|d Im~cmof/@ZTK ZMFEAMJH XP@ `c jbhjhc `z poh l`ztmh t|hmjmko`|h xp` ok jhwh# ok jkozmfp` zp ~|k~mh jkemdh#xp` |kodh ~k| dkod` `c tmf|` hodh jhwhodk } tkeh ck xp` ízt` d`gh jphodk bh t`|emohdk d` jke`|/ @cjbhjhc `z `rhjtheòt` jkek `c bkel| mo÷tmc xp` opojh z` lpzjh zp ~|k~mk zpztòtk# zmok xp` ck hodheòdmfhodk } qmq` d`c t|hlhgk d` ckz dèèz/@c Cklk `z dma`|òt`/ Jhwh ~h|h jke`|# jkek `c bkel|` xp` z` zpztòth } z` hl|` ~hzk ò ch qmdh zmoxp`|`| xp` ckz dèèz ck bhfho ~k| íc/ Hzå qkzkt|kz# emz xp`|mdkz Cklhtkz# `ztèmz h~|òdmòdk h bhj`| ckemzek/Jphodk `c Cklk jhwh homehc`z ~h|h jke`|/ kcaht`h ~h|h zhl`| dúod` òjkot|h|ckz/Po bkel|`# xp` ok tmò` `c emzek lpò kcahtk# jhwh ckz homehc`z |hzt|`èodkckz7 ~h|h po Zjkpt `c |hzt|`k`z `c e`dmk pzphc# ok zkcheòt` ~h|h jhwh|# zmok thelmío ~h|h jkoz`fpm| moak|ehjmko`z/@c |hzt|`k `z poh jkzh ep} lpòh7 ehz ~h|h z`| po lpò |hzt|`hdk| z` o`j`zmth epjbh ~|èjtmjh } lpòòt|òhemòtk/ @o ch Modmh tkeh zm`t` høkz `c hdm`zt|h| po lpò |hzt|`hdk|/Hzå# ~p`z# e` tèk xp` qkzkt|kz tòd|ímz xp` `z~`|h| bhzth xp` z`èmz Zjkptz ~h|h h~|òd`| poq`|dhd`|k |hzt|`k9 ~`|k bh} epjbhz jkzhz xp` ~kdímz bhj`| zmòdk Cklhtkz } xp` kz h}pdh|èo ò f|hoomho`|h d`z~píz/

Hdm`zt|hemòtk d` ckz zòtmdkz

Hot`z xp` po Zjkpt ~p`dh jkozmd`|h|z` jkek po lpò |hzt|`hdk|/ d`l`|è z`| jh~hw d` okth| bhzth ckz~k|eòk|`z eèz mozmfomamjhot`z xp` ck h}pdò h kltò`| zp klg`tmqk/ D`l`|è ok zkcheòt` q`| tkdk# zmokthelmío pzh| zp mot`cmfòjmh d` thc eho`|h# xp` d`dpwjh `c zmfomamjhdk d` ckz klg`tkz xp` klz`|qh/Jkek Cklhtkz# qkzkt|kz d`l`|ímz h~|òd`| h z`|qm|kz d` qp`zt|kz kgkz } kådkz9 d` qp`zt|k kcahtk }qp`zt|hz ehokz } qp`zt|k j`|`l|k/ B` hxpå poh cmzth jke~c`th9 jko `cch tòd|ímz lhzthot` ò xpí t|hlhgh|/Hbk|h qk} h òz`øh|kz júek bhj`| `c t|hlhgk# ok zkcheòt` jphodk `ztímz ò ch Ehohdh# zmok dp|hot`tkdk `c dåh# bhzth xp` hdxpm|èmz `c bèlmtk d` okth| tkdk/

::

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Observa

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Adiestramiento

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Rastreo

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#arena

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Lectura

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Animales

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Observa

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Adiestramiento

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Rastreo

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#arena

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Lectura

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Animales



Pzhd qp`zt|kz kgkz Jphodk }k tòåh ch `dhd d` po Cklhtk# e` amghlh ò `c o÷e`|k d` ch ~chjh d` jhdh~kcmjåh jko xpmò e` òjkot|hlh# } |`jk|dhlh d`z~píz dúod` ck bhlåh qmztk/ Eèzth|d` jkoz`fpåh xp` po hemfk eåk zhcm`|h d` ~hz`k jkoemfk h ckz ~potkz dkod` ckz~kcmjåhz xp` bhlåh qmztk z` òjkot|hlho d` z`|qmjmk "`c ~kcmjåh xp` `ztè d` ~potkd`l`|è ~`|eho`j`| zmè~|` ò hxp`c cpfh| ~h|h k|dòh| `c t|èozmtk k hcfk ~k| `c`ztmck# emòt|hz `c ~kcmjåh xp` `ztè d` |kodh d`l`|è qmfmch| `c è|`h xp` c` `ztèòjkeòdhdh-/@o jphotk hqmztèlhekz po ~kcmjåh# h poh dmzthojmh jkozmd`|hlc`# e` ~koåh ch ehokò ckz kgkz h ekdk d` qmz`|h } amghlh em qmzth ò hxp`cch dm|`jjmúo# dmjmòdk~hpzhdheòt` ckz o÷e`|kz } c`t|hz d` ch dmqmzmúo h xp` ~`|tò`jåh/ Jphodk~hzèlhekz j`|jh d` íc# em jke~hø`|k z` xp`dhlh eh|hqmcchdk d` ck ehfoåamjk dèm qmzth } d` ck jk||`jtheòt` xp` z` ck bhlåh d`c`t|`hdk/ Po |hzt|`hdk| è|hl`

@zthtphz } ekopeòtkz

Ok `z ehch jkztpel|` `c cc`fh| h jkokj`| tkdhz chz `zthtphz xp` bh} ò ch jmpdhd ò xp` qmqåz/ ]kcc`qhlh jkoemfk poh cml|`th d` h~pot`z dkod` dmlpghlh chz dma`|òt`z `zthtphz xp` q`åh/ Ep} ~kjhz zkochz ~`|zkohz xp` z` amgho zm bh} k ok `zthz `zthtphz/ @z ~k|xp` `cchz ok pzho zpz kgkz jkek ckz pzh polpò Zjkpt k po lpò Cklhtk/

Zm po Zjkpt d` Eèojb`zt`| ap`z` mot`||kfhdk zkl|` `c cpfh| dkod` `rmzt` poh `zthtph d` Zho Gk|f` } `cD|hfúo# jkot`zth|åh ~|klhlcèòt` xp` ò ck hctk d` ch `zthtph d` \`moh Qmjtk|mh# ò ^mjhdmcc}# bh} poh~`xp`øh `zthtph d`c Zhotk/Bkpdmom# `c f|ho mcpzmkomzth# bhjåh epjbhz d` zpz `zt|hthfèhz qhcmíodkz` d` zp ~kd`| d` klz`|qhjmúo }d` zp eèk|mh/ H~|òdmú h bhj`| `ztk d`zd` omøk klz`|qhodk ckz `zjh~h|ht`z d` chz tmòdhz ~k| hcfpokzz`fpodkz/ } d`z~píz# qkcqmíodkc`z ch `z~hcdh# d`zj|mlåh h zpz jke~hø`|kz ckz dma`|òt`z klg`tkz xp` z``rbmlåho ò `c h~h|hdk|/ @z ízth poh ehfoåamjh ~|èjtmjh ~h|h Cklhtkz/ @ozh}hdch/

Omdkz d` hq`z ,Klz`|qh| } |`jkokj`| t|`z hq`z ok dkeíztmjhz///,@z ~|`jmzk xp` kz amgímz ò chz jkzhz ~`xp`øhz# } xp` tòfèmz ckz kgkz lmò hlm`|tkz zm

xp`|ímz klz`|qh| chz jkztpel|`z d` chz hq`z } zpz omdkz/Ch lpòh } ehch eho`|h d` zpz~òd`| po omdk h|tmamjmhc/ @c omdk moa`|mk| `ztèjk||`jtheòt` jkckjhdk/

Ckz omdkz h|tmamjmhc`z z` amghozúcmdheòt` h ckz è|lkc`zk h po eèzmc/

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^k| zp~p`ztk# ckz Zjkptz } ckz Cklhtkz lpzjho ckz omdkz d` chz hq`z# ok ~h|h |klh| h íztkz zpz bp`qkz#zmok ~h|h klz`|qh| júek ahl|mjho zpz omdkz# ckz bp`qkz d` chz dma`|òt`z `z~`jm`z d` hq`z# júekhcmeòtho } júek jpmdho h zpz ~kccp`ckz/ Qkzkt|kz ~kdímz bhj`| `ztk |hzt|`hodk } klz`|qhodk/Zkcheòt` ckz ehcqhdkz fpztho d` |klh| omdkz } bp`qkz/ Ckz Zjkptz } ckz Cklhtkz bhjò jphotk ~p`dò~h|h ~|kt`f`| ckz omdkz/ Z` ~p`d` dh| jko ckz omdkz `z~mhodk òt|` ckz è|lkc`z# ~`|k `c e`gk| ekdk `zklz`|qhodk h chz hq`z jphodk qho } qmòò/ D` b`jbk# jko ch eh}k| ~h|t` d` chz hq`z zhcqhg`z# `z ízt``c ÷omjk ekdk d` bhcch| zpz omdkz/ @o hcfpokz jhzkz `z ep} dmaåjmc dh| jko `cckz/^k| `gè~ck# hc hqà|åh } h po ~ègh|k eèz jke÷o# ch hckod|h# ckz q`|ímz c`qhoth|z` d`c ~mzk } qkch|

jhothodk bhjmh `c jm`ck9 ~`|k zm qhmz hc cpfh| d` dkod` z` c`qhoth|ko# ok òjkot|h|ímz hccå zp omdk/ @ztkz~ègh|kz jk||ò zkl|` `c zp`ck hcfpokz e`t|kz hot`z d` c`qhoth| `c qp`ck# } jphodk |`f|`zho# the~kjkht`||mwho ò zp omdk# zmok h jm`|th dmzthojmh d` íc/ Ch hckod|h# h zè`ghowh d` kt|hz hq`z# jkozt|p}` zpomdk ò `c zp`ck/Bh} hq`z xp` `dmamjho zpz omdkz ò ckz hfpg`|kz d` ckz è|lkc`z# k thelmío ò ckz zmtmkz eèz qh|mhdkz#jkek ò `c jp`cck d` poh lkelh# k ò po jèoth|k/ @c ~ègh|k jh|~mot`|k jkozt|p}` zp omdk ò `c hfpg`|k d`po è|lkc/

Ckz Cklhtkz# jkek ckz cklkz# jkokjò ch eho`|h jk||`jth d` |hzt|`h|

\hzt|`k

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ok z` t|hth d` bhj`|c` omof÷o dhøk/@z jkoqòmòt` xp` tòfèmz po jphd`|ok } hoktímz ò íc chz hq`z xp` bhlímz òjkot|hdk# ch a`jbh ò xp`chz qmzt`mz } kåzt`mz ~k| q`w ~|me`|h/ Hc zmfpmòt` høk# ~kdímz jke~h|h| qp`zt|hz okthz jko chz d`c høkhot`|mk|# k jko chz d` hcf÷o jke~hø`|k/H~pothd `c dåh ò xp` ~k| ~|me`|h q`w `zjpjbhzt`mz po jpjcmcck# k hxp`c ò xp` qmzt`mz ch ~|me`|hfkckod|moh d`c høk# k ch ~|me`|h hckod|h/Hdèèz# ~kdímz dmlpgh| chz zmcp`thz d` chz hq`z# d` zpz bp`qkz9 hzå z`|è eèz mot`|`zhot` h÷o# qp`zt|kcml|k d` okthz/Thelmío `z lpòk bhj`| poh cmzth d` ckz omdkz xp` bh}èmz d`zjplm`|tk/ Ckz jhjbk||kz d` ckz cklkz# òT`||hokqh# h~|òdò h jpmdh|z` zkckz ò ch z`cqh# klz`|qhodk h chz hq`z } h kt|kz homehc`z dåh jko dåh#~h|h jkokj`| zpz bèlmtkz# thc jkek ck bhj` po Cklhtk/@c ~|k~úzmtk d`c omøk# hc klz`|qh| chz hq`z# `z zhl`| eèz hj`|jh d` `cchz# } jkepomjh| hf|hdhlc` mot`|íz hzpz ~|k~mkz t|hlhgkz# emòt|hz xp` ckz cklkz ck bhjò ~h|h ~kd`|ckz jhwh| e`gk| } jkeí|z`ckz/Jphodk ckz cklkz gúqò`z d`zjpl|ò poh ~h|qhdh d` hqà|åhz jkemòdk ò `c zp`ck# z` h||hzt|ho ~h|hhj`|jh|z` h `cchz# ~òzhodk xp` zpz jp`|okz f|mz`z z` jkoapodm|èo jko ch }`|lh } xp` z` hzè`gh|èo ht|kojkz qm`gkz/ @zth jhwh `ztè ccòh d` èkjmúo# hpo jphodk ok jhò ò ~kd`| d` ckz cklkz zmok pohzjphothz hq`z } ok d` chz e`gk|`z/ Jphodk ckz ~htkz qho h ckz jbh|jkz k `zthoxp`z# ck cklkz h~|òdò hjkf`| `zthz hq`z tkothz# d`z~`|thodk zp jp|mkzmdhd/

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Ckz cklkz |kodhodk

Z` `zjkodò òt|` ch }`|lh# j`|jh d`c hfph# emòt|hz# pok qh } gp`fh |kdèodkz` zkl|` ch ~ch}h bhzth xp`ckz ~htkz ck qò } jkemòwho h hch|fh| `c jp`cck# hzkel|hdkz d` hxp`cch jkzh `rt|høh xp` ok bhlåho qmztkhot`z/

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Ckz cklkz pzho ch lh|lh ~h|h ~hc~h| zp jhemok

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@c cklk tmò` ep} lpò kcahtk

Bhlåh po qm`gk fpåh è|hl` ò @fm~tk xp` `zthlh tkthceòt` jm`fk# } zmo èlh|fk# jkokjåh ep} lmò `cjhemok# hpo ò `c d`zm`|tk# ~k| `c kck| d` ch h|òh/ D` jphodk ò jphodk tkehlh po ~pøk d` h|òh } chkcåh ~h|h zhl`| zm mlh ~k| lpò jhemok# } jkokjåh `c kck| d` ckz jhe~heòtkz ò jphotk cc`fhlh h `cckz/

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@o poh kjhzmúo# zpz jke~hø`|kz ~òzh|ko gpfh|c` poh l|keh7 z` ~|kq`}`|ko d` po jkzthc d` h|òh ò `c÷ctmek jhe~heòtk# } jphodk cc`fh|ko hc ~|úrmek# c` dm`|ko po ~pøhdk d` `cch dmjmíodkc` xp` ck hjhlhod` |`jkf`|/@c jm`fk ch kcmú# ~pzk jh|h d` hzkel|k7 ch kcmú d` op`qk# } òtkoj`z dmgk xp` `zthlh zpeheòt` h~òhdk7xp` z`fp|heòt` bhlåh jke`tmdk po `||k| } ckz bhlåh jkodpjmdk hc jhe~heòtk d` dkod` bhlåho zhcmdk/@ztpqk b`jbk poh cèztmeh bhzth xp` c` dmg`|ko# |mòdk# ch l|keh xp` c` bhlåho gpfhdk/Jphodk `ztèlhekz ò fp`||h jko ckz wpc÷`z# bhj` epjbkz høkz# e` d`z~`|tú dp|hot` ch okjb`# ò `cjhe~heòtk# po kck| `z~`jmhc xp` bhlåh ò `c hm|`/ @|h `c kck| d` po ohtmqk/

@o z`fpmdh d`z~`|tí h emz jke~hø`|kz# ~`|k `cckz ok ~kdmho kc`|ck ~k|xp` `zthlho apehodk } ckzapehdk|`z# fò`|hceòt`# ok tmòò `c kcahtk tho lpòk jkek ckz xp` ok apeho/ D` b`jbk# `c apehdk| okzkcheòt` h||pmoh `c kcahtk# zmok xp` `c apeh| c` `z po `ztk|lk ~h|h jk||`| ~p`z c` me~md` |`z~m|h| lmò# }jko a|`jpòjmh c` h||pmoh ch qmzth } ch dmf`ztmúo7 hzå# ~p`z# po q`|dhd`|k Zjkpt ok apeh/^p`z lm o# }k z`fpåh zmotmòdk xp` `c òèmfk `zthlh ep} j`|jh d` okzkt|kz }# ~k| thotk#~`|eho`jåhekz d`z~m`|tkz/ Ep} ~|kotk ~pdmekz km| júek z` h||hzt|hlho ~k| `c zp`ck ~h|h zk|~|òdèkz} jkf`|okz dk|emdkz9 ~`|k ckz zk|~|òdmdkz ~k| poh d`zjh|fh op`zt|h ap`|ko `cckz# d`zjh|fh xp` ckz bmwk~ko`| ~m`z ò ~kcqk|kzh/]h q`mz ck ÷tmc xp` ~p`d` z`| ~h|h qkzkt|kz `c zòtmdk d`c kcahtk/ B` hxpå kt|k jhzk xp` hjkot`jmú òA|hojmh/ Po bkel|`# cc`qhodk po ~hxp`t`/ z` ~|`zòtú ò jhzh d` po |mjk lhoxp`|k/ Jkek `c lhoxp`|k`zthlh hpzòt`# zp ehd|` |`jmlmú `c lpctk/ @c ~k|thdk| d`jch|ú xp` `c jkotòmdk `|h d` f|ho qhck| } ~mdmúz` c` ktk|fh|h |`jmlk `zj|mtk/Emòt|hz ch dheh z` mojcmohlh zkl|` ch e`zh ~h|h `zj|mlm|# `c bkel|` c` dmk poh ~pøhchdh ~k| ch `z~hcdh/

Zp b`|ehoh jk||mú ò zp h}pdh/ } `c bkel|` c` dmk h `cch thelmío kt|h ~pøhchdh } `zjh~ú/Chz dhehz# xp` zkcheòt` `zthlho b`|mdhz# hzòth|ko xp` `c bkel|` bhlåh qmzmthdk `c lhojk jkohot`|mk|mdhd# jko `c okel|` d` Ghe`t/ Ghe`t ap` lpzjhdk ~k| tkdhz ~h|t`z ~k| ch ~kcmjåh# zmo írmtk/Zmo èlh|fk# `c gà` d`c D`~h|theòtk d` D`t`jtmq`z |`jkfmú `c ~hxp`t` xp` bhlåh zmdk d`ghdk ~k| `cbkel|` xp` zkcheòt` jkotòåh poh fpåh qm`gh d` a`||kjh||mc# Ehz thelmío òjkot|ú poh jkzh me~k|thot`7ch fpåh d`ghlh `zjh~h| po kck| ep} ~`jpcmh| h jp|tmdp|åh/ Bmwk ch ~kcmjåh moq`ztmfhjmko`z ò chz jp|tmdp|åhzd` Fòtmc ò ckz zplp|lmkz d` ^h|åz# } z` d`zjpl|mú xp` po bkel|` d` hcth ~kzmjmúo ò poh d` `cchz bhlåh`zthdk bhjåh ~kjk ò ch jhzh d` po lhoxp`|k ~h|mzmòz`/ Ap` jkodpjmdk hot` chz dhehz# chz xp` ck|`jkokjm`|ko moe`dmhtheòt`# } ok tpqk eèz |è`dmk xp` jkoa`zh|/ Q`d jpèotk qhc` okth| jm`|tkz~k|eòk|`z } zmfokz# gpoth|ckz# } jkokj`| zp zmfomamjhdk/

Po cklk tmò` lpòkz kådkz

@o ch fp`||h Zpdha|mjhoh# `zthodk }k ò po jhe~heòtk hc ~m` d` poh ekothøh# c`gkz# h||mlh ò ckz|mzjkz# kå `c f|mtk d` hch|eh d` po ehod|mc/Bhlåh jòtòh|`z d` bkel|`z ò `c jhe~heòtk7 ~`|k j|`k xp` epjbkz d` `cckz ok k}`|ko `c f|mtk# } zmck k}`|ko ok c` dm`|ko me~k|thojmh/ ^`|k ~h|h po Zjkpt zmfomamjhlh epjbk7 »~k| xpí d` |`~òt` z` bhlåhd` hch|eh| po ekok hccè h||mlh ò chz |kjhz# } bhlåh d` chowh| poh cchehdh d` hch|eh h zpz hemfkz;Zhxpí emz fè`ckz ` moz~`jjmkoí jko `cckz jpmdhdkzheòt` ch ekothmmh/ ^|kotk d`zjpl|å chz jhl`whz d`dkz k t|`z bkel|`z òt|` chz |kjhz/ Jkek tòåho lpò jpmdhdk d` jkoz`|qh| zpz jp`|~kz `zjkodmdkz#hdq`|tå xp` z` t|hthlh d` `z~åhz lk`|kz xp` okz klz`|qhlho/ Hzå# ~p`z# z`j|`theòt` òqmí dkz f|p~kzd` bkel|`z xp` zplm`|ho ~k| `c chdk k~p`ztk d` ch ekothøh } cc`fh|ho ~k| d`t|èz ~h|h jh~tp|h|ckz/Hzå ck bmjm`|ko# |`zpcthodk gpzthz emz zkz~`jbhz7 `|ho Zjkptz d`c òèmfk xp` `z~mhlho op`zt|kzekqmemòtkz } xp` jko ckz zp}kz bhlåho hch|ehdk h ckz ekokz/

Po ~`|múdmjk d` h|òh

Zhcfhekz h dh| po ~hz`k ~k| `c jhe~k } q`|ímz xpí okz dmj`/ ¨Bkch( »Xpí `z `ztk; @c Z`øk|mtk Fk||múobh hodhdk ò `c zp`ck/ »Júek ck zhlímz; ^p`z lmò# ckz ~ègh|kz ~`xp`økz xp` qmqò ò ckz è|lkc`z#fò`|hceòt l|mojho jko chz dkz ~pothz gpothz/ Chz hq`z eèz f|hod`z k hxp`cchz xp` qmqò hc |hz d`czp`ck# thc`z jkek ahmzho`z# fhccmohz } ~hqkz |`hc`z# jhemoho fò`|hceòt` ekqmòdk ~|me`|k poh ~hth }cp`fk ch kt|h/»Xpí `z `ztk;

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Chz fhccmohz jhemohoekqmòdk ~|me`|k poh~hth# cp`fk ch kt|h/

@c Z`øk|mtk Fk||múo z` bh d`tòmdk ~h|h è~|òd`| lhthcch jko po ~`dhwk d` ~ho xp` z` bh |klhdk/ @oz`fpmdh z` bh mdk dhodk l|mojkz cc`qèodkz`ck ò `c ~mjk/ ~p`z `|h lhzthot` f|hod` `c ~`dhwk d` ~ho h

gpwfh| ~k| ch bp`cch xp` d`gú# } jkek ohdh d` íc bh xp`dhdk zkl|` ch h|òh } ok z` ck ~p`d` bhl`| jkemdk tkdk# z`fp|heòt` z` ck bh cc`qhdk jkozmfk/¨Zå# q`d( Hccå bh} emfhghz d` ~ho zkl|` `c ~mzk } hcfpohz bp`cchz xp` cc`fho bhzth `z` cpfh|/^`|k »xpí `z ck xp` qèkz j|pwhodk ch bp`cch d`c fk||múo; Ohdh eòkz xp` ch d`c B`|ehok Jko`gk xp`bh qòmdk h dh| po ~hz`k/] eèz c`gkz# dkod` z` òjpòt|h `c ~`dhwk d` ~ho# z` hjhlho d` ~|kotk chz bp`cchz d`c fk||múo9 ízt` bhqkchdk/»Z`|åh xp` ck `z~hotú `c B`|ehok Jko`gk; Ok9 zpz bp`cchz z` bhccho zkl|` chz xp` d`gú `c B`|ehokJko`gk# ck xp` dèp`zt|h xp` íc ~hzú ~k| hccå hcf÷o tmè~k d`z~píz d` bhl`|ck b`jbk `c B`|ehokJko`gk/Hdèèz d` xp`# zm `c ~ho bplm`|h zmdk d`ghdk hccå hot`z d` xp` bplm`|h qòmdk `c B`|ehok Jko`gk# c`bhl|åh dhdk po ek|dmzjk/ »Ok ~òzèmz qkzkt|kz ck emzek;Ehz# »~k| xpí `c Z`øk|mtk Fk||múo zpz~òd`|åh `c ~hz`k# hlhodkoh|åh zp ~ho } qkch|åh;Hb( ]h ck q`k9 bh} hcfpohz kt|hz bp`cchz/ »Xpmío `z `c xp` jhemoh jko thotk jpmdhdk xp` chz bp`cchz d`zpz ~hthz t|hz`|hz jhzm jkmojmdò jko zpz d`chot`|hz# } xp` ò q`w d` d`gh| chz jpht|k bp`cchz d` zpz~hthz ò ch h|òh# zúck d`gh dkz; ¨Hb( ¨@z ch Z`øk|h Fhth( @cch bh qòmdk thelmío d` jhwh# ~p`z zpzbp`cchz z` gpotho jhdh q`w eèz jkoak|e` z` hj`|jh hc Z`øk|mtk Fk||múo# } ckz ekqmemòtkz o`|qmkzkz d`zp jkch bho lh||mdk hxpå } hccå ch h|òh/

Chz hq`z xp` qmqò ò `chfph hodho zkl|` zpzf|hod`z ~hthz ~chohz# jkockz ~pcfh|`z bhjmhhdòt|k# jkek ch qm`ghEheè ^hth ^choh k jkek`c ^htk Heh|mcck

»^`|k jpèc `z `c zmfomamjhdk d` `zt` jhelmk tho |è~mdk; Hbk|h l|mojh h~k}hodk zpz ch|fhz ~hthz t|hz`|hz#jh`# dh e`dmh qp`cth h ch d`|`jbh ~h|h dh| po op`qk zhctk } jhemoh| d` ~|mzh bhjmh ch mwxpm`|dh/ Tkdk`ztk ^k|xp` `c qm`gk ~`||k ^mahz qh t|hz d` `cch/ Hccè z` qò chz bp`cchz xp` bh d`ghdk ò zp jh||`|h#me~|`zhz ~|kapodheòt` ò ch h|òh/ hc h||kgh| ízth bhjmh ht|èz ò zpz qmkcòtkz zhctkz jkoak|e` jk||`d`t|èz d` ch fhth/¨] ck òkghdk xp` z` bh ~p`ztk `c z`øk| Fmc`z# zp dp`øk( Hccå z` ~p`d` q`| dúod` d`tpqk zp ~hz`k ~h|hccheh| h ^mahz/ ¨Kb( Zå9 hxpå c` h||kgú zp lhztúo h ^mahz } `c ~kl|` ~`||k ck |`f|`zú bpemcdèòt` h zphek "Jkek qkzkt|kz q`mz# chz bp`cchz d`c z`øk| Fmc`z ok qho bhjmh dkod` jh}ú `c lhztúo } ò jhelmk chzd`c ~`||k zå qho hccå } |`f|`zho bhzth dkod` z` d`tmòò chz d`c z`øk| Fmc`z7 hdèèz# `c lhztúo }h ok `ztèzkl|` ch h|òh-/

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@c z`øk| Fmc`z bh |`f|`zhdk h zp jhzh eh|jhodk bp`cchz ~|kapodhz jko zp lhztúo ò ch h|òh# jko ^mahzjk||mòdk t|hz íc9 ch Z`øk|h Fhth z` bh |`tm|hdk jko ch jkch ò hctk9 `c Z`øk|mtk Fk||múo `ztè jbm||mhodk hpo chdk d` ch jbmeò`h } `c B`|ehok Jko`gk `ztè zhok } zhcqk ò zp z`jh ehd|mfp`|h/Hzå t`|emoho chz oktmjmhz d`c dåh/

@c Qm`gk ^mahz# `c ~`||k# jk||`t`h h ch Z`øk|h Fhth/

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@c Z`øk| Fmc`z `ztè ep} òkghdk jko ^mahz/

@c ~kl|` ^mahz |`f|`zh bpecccèodkz` h zp hek# t|h}òdk `c lhztúo òt|` ckz dmòt`z/

C`jtp|h d` poh ~mzth

Whdmf `|h po ehfoåamjk Zjkpt ~`|zh/ Po dåh# pok d` ckz e`gk|`z jhlhcckz d`c |`} z` `zjh~ú } ok ck ~kdåhoòjkot|h|/ Whdmf hodhlh ~hz`hodk ~k| `c lkzxp` jphodk hcfpokz d` ckz zm|qmòt`z |`hc`z z` c` hj`|jh|koh ~|`fpoth|c` zkl|` `c jhlhcck d`zh~h|`jmdk# } íc jkot`ztú7%»E` ~|`fpotèmz ~k| po jhlhcck d` |hwh/ tk|dmcck# d` e`t|k } e`dmk d` hctp|h# jko poh jkch d` po e`t|k d`ch|fk# xp` cc`qh a|òk jko jk~hz d` k|k# b`||hdp|hz d` ~chth } xp`# hdèèz# `z jkgk d` ch ~hth mwxpm`|dhd`chot`|h;%Zå# »dúod` `ztè;%Ok zí/ }k ok ck b` qmztk/C` h||`zth|ko moe`dmhtheòt` j|`}òdk xp` z` ck bhlåh |klhdk/ ^k| ch th|d` òjkot|h|ko hc jhlhcck } ckcc`qh|ko h ch jphd|h |`hc òtkoj`z qkcqm`|ko h mot`||kfh| h Whdmf# xpmò `r~cmjú d` `zth eho`|h/%@o poh q`|`dh d`c lkzxp` qm pohz bp`cchz d` b`||hdp|h d` jhlhcck xp` ekzt|hlho xp` ízt` mlh hc t|kt`jphodk ~hzú ~k| hccå9 ch ~hth mwxpm`|dh d`chot`|h dhlh ~hzkz eèz jk|tkz xp` ch kt|h# d` ck jphc d`dpg` xp``|h jkgk9 chz bp`cchz `|ho ~`xp`øhz# ck xp` modmjh xp` `c jhlhcck `z d` |hwh } jkztkzk/ Bhlåh ~kcqk ò ckzh|lpztkz d` helkz chdkz d` ch q`|`dh# zhjpdmdk d` jphodk ò jphodk ~k| ch jkch d`c jhlhcck h pok } kt|kchdk7 ch q`|`dh tòåh dkz e`t|kz d` hojbk# ~k| ck thotk# ch jkch d`c jhlhcck d`låh tò`| po e`t|k d` ch|fk/,@o po cpfh| bhlåh po è|lkc òjk|qhdk zkl|` ch q`|`dh xp` tòåh gpztheòt` e`t|k } e`dmk d` hctp|h/ Hc~hzh| d`lhgk d` íc `c jhlhcck ck bhlåh tkjhdk jko zp ckek d`ghodk ò íc dkz k t|`z d` zpz j`|dhz9 ~k| `cchz ~p`d` q`| xp` `|h tk|dmcck } d` e`t|k } e`dmk d` hctp|h/,,Hc jhemoh|# bhlåh dhdk jko poh d` zpz ~`wpøhz jkot|h poh ~m`d|h# d`ghodk poh hztmcch d` ~chth ò `c

cpfh|/ } d` mfphc eho`|h z` bhlåh d`tòmdk eèz hd`chot` h jke`| po ~kjk d` ~hztk gpotk h poh ~m`d|h#jkot|h ch xp` z` bhlåh a|kthdk# d`ghodk hcfpokz f|hokz d` k|k# ck xp` dèkzt|hlh xp` cc`qhlh a|òk jkothwhz d` k|k,/D` `zth eho`|h c`ò ckz Zjkptz zpz moak|e`z9 ~`|k `ztk zmfomamjh xp` cc`qho ckz kgkz hlm`|tkz } ok~`|emtò xp` omof÷o zmfok# ~k| ~`xp`øk xp` z`h# z` c`z `zjh~`/ Zmo èlh|fk# ~hzh|è epjbk tmè~khot`z d` xp` qkzkt|kz ~kdèmz bhj`| ck emzek/

4>



Homehc`z dkeíztmjkz

Kz h}pdh|è ~h|h `c `ztpdmk } jkokjmemòtk d` ckz homehc`z } d` chz hq`z `c tò`| hcfpok dke`ztmjhdk#hpoxp` z`h ep} ~`xp`øk# ~h|h jkeòwh|# thc jkek poh |hth lchojh k po jko`gmcck d` Modmhz/ ^`|k hot`z#~k| zp~p`ztk/ jkzpcthdck jko qp`zt|hz eheèz/ Pok d` ckz h|tåjpckz d` ch C`} Zjkpt dmj`7 ,@c Zjkpt q` òch Ohtp|hc`wh ch kl|h d` Dmkz7 ~|kt`f` h ckz homehc`z } h chz ~chothz,9 ~k| thotk bh} xp` ~|`~h|h|kz ~h|hxp` jphodk z`èmz lpòkz jko ckz homehc`z xp` qkzkt|kz òjkot|ímz/ Zm tòímz po homehc dkeíztmjk#~kdímz bhj`| epjbk ~k| íc9 ~k| `gè~ck# dh|c` d` jke`| jko ~potphcmdhd "h qkzkt|kz kz fpzth xp` kz dò

d` jke`| h ch bk|h/ »ok `z q`|dhd;-7 ck jkoz`|qh|ímz cme~mk7 thelmío jkoz`|qh|ímz cme~mk `c cpfh| xp` c`tòfèmz d`ztmohdk# } hzå zpj`zmqheòt`/

Hzå jkek h qkzkt|kz# h `zt` ~`||k c` fpzth jke`| tèlmío jko ~potphcmdhd/

Gp`fkz } ^|èjtmjhz

B` hxpå hcfpokz gp`fkz } ~|èjtmjhz ~h|h hfpwh| ckz zòtmdkz/ @O @C @ZTHOXP@/ Ckz Cklhtkz ak|eho po jå|jpck hc|`d`dk| d`c Qm`gk Cklk moe`dmhtheòt` d`z~píz d` poh cåo`h ~mothdhjko tmwh/ Jphodk `c Qm`gk Cklk dh ch k|dò7 ,hc `zthoxp`,/ tkdkz l|mojho bhjmh dòt|k/ H ch k|dò7,hap`|h,# tkdkz zhctho ~h|h ap`|h/ Zm jphodk z` bhccho dòt|k# ch k|dò d` ,hdòt|k, z` dh# omofpok d`lèkq`|z` d` zp zmtmk# hzå jkek the~kjk d`l` ekq`|z` zm jphodk `ztèo ap`|h z` dh ch k|dò d` ,hap`|h,/K|dò`z thc`z jkek ,ò `c `zthoxp`, } ,ò ch k|mcch,# ok d`l`|èo z`| htòdmdhz# ~p`z zko zkcheòt`t|he~hz ~h|h jkf`| h ckz d`zjpmdhdkz/ @c Cklhtk xp` tòfh `c eòk| o÷e`|k d` `||k|`z `z `c xp` fhoh/

APCHOK DMJ@/ Ckz Cklhtkz ak|eho po jå|jpck } `c Qm`gk Cklk dh qh|mhz ú|dò`z9 ~`|k omofpoh d`l`|è z`| kl`d`jmdh zmok ~|mojm~mh jko ch a|hz` Apchok Dmj`/ Ckz Cklhtkz ~m`|dò poh qmdh ~k| jhdh `||k| xp` jke`tò/

TKJH\ AM@\\K/ Dp|hot` jphcxpm`| gp`fk `c Qm`gk Cklk dmj`7 ,tkjh| am`||k# tkjh| ehd`|h# tkjh| hcfpoh jkzh heh|mcch,# `tj/# }#ò z`fpmdh# tkdkz ckz Cklhtkz jk||ò h bhj`| ck xp` z` c`z bh k|dòhdk/ @c ÷ctmek ò bhj`|ck ~m`|d` po~potk/

»XPÍ @Z; "FPZTK-/ Tkdkz ckz Cklhtkz xp` ~h|tmjm~ho ò `zt` gp`fk tmò` ckz kgkz qòdhdkz9 h jhdh pok z` ch dh h fpzth| jm`|tk o÷e`|k d` zhlk|`z lmò jkokjmdkz/ @c Cklhtk xp` |`jkokj` `c eh}k| o÷e`|k d` íztkz# fhoh/ B`hxpå po o÷e`|k d` jkzhz jko zhlk|`z ~ò`t|hot`z7 xp`zk ~memòth/ j`lkcch# `tj/

»XPÍ @Z; "KCAHTK-/ Z` jkckjh jm`|tk o÷e`|k d` lkczhz d` ~h~`c ò amch# dmzthot`z pohz d` kt|hz z`zòth jòtåe`t|kz9 jhdhpoh d` `cchz jkotmò` po h|tåjpck dma`|òt` d` kck| ~ò`t|hot`# thc`z jkek jhaí# thlhjk# j`lkcchz# xp`zk#bkghz d` |kzhz } jèzjh|hz d` oh|hogh/ Z` dho jmojk z`fpodkz h jhdh Cklhtk ~h|h xp` chz bp`ch/ Jphodkchz bh kcmdk tkdhz `zj|ml` ò po ~h~`c ck xp` jhdh poh jkotmò` ò `c k|dò ò xp` z` chz bho ~|`zòthdkk dmj` ò z`j|`tk hc Qm`gk Cklk/

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»XPÍ @Z; "THJTK-/ Tkdkz ckz Cklhtkz xp` ~h|tmjm~ho ò `zt` gp`fk tmòò ckz kgkz qòdhdkz } z` c`z dh h tkjh| po jm`|tko÷e`|k d` zhjkz d` ~h~`c xp` jkotòfho klg`tkz thc`z jkek h||kw# t|kwkz d` hw÷jh| } tí# `tj/@c Cklhtk xp` okel|h jk||`jtheòt` `c eh}k| o÷e`|k d` klg`tkz# fhoh/

»XPÍ @Z; "KÅDK-/

Ckz Cklhtkz xp` tòfho ~h|t` ò `zt` gp`fk d`l`|èo `zth| jko ckz kgkz qòdhdkz/ @c Qm`gk Cklk bhj`jm`|tk o÷e`|k d` |pmdkz thc`z jkek ~ko`| hm|` h poh cchoth d` lmjmjc`th# j`||h| poh ~p`|th# h||hzt|h| pohzmcch zkl|` `c zp`ck/ @c Cklhtk xp` hdmqmoh `c eh}k| o÷e`|k# fhoh/

HJ@JBH\/ Po Cklhtk z` zmòth# jko ckz kgkz qòdhdkz# ò `c jòt|k d` po jå|jpck/ H poh z`øhc jkoqòmdh d`c Qm`gkCklk# po Cklhtk d` ckz d`c jå|jpck z` hj`|jh jhpt`ckzheòt` } tkjh hc xp` `ztè ò `c jòt|k/ Zm tmò` lpòírmtk# zplztmtp}` hc xp` `ztè hccå/ Zm `c Cklhtk xp` `ztè ò `c jòt|k ck k}` } ck z`øhch hot`z d` z`| tkjhdktmò` ízt` xp` |`f|`zh| h zp cpfh| ò `c jå|jpck/

DMLPGH\ POH JH\H/ Ckz gpfhdk|`z z` ak|eh|èo ò po jå|jpck/ @c Qm`gk Cklk dmlpgh poh jh|h ò `c hm|`7 ^|me`|k z`øhch `cjkotk|ok "po jå|jpck ò `c zòtmdk d` chz eho`jmcchz d` po |`ckg9 d`z~píz `c kgk d`|`jbk9 cp`fk `c

mwxpm`|dk9 ò z`fpmdh/ ch oh|mw# bhjmh `c åodmj` d` ch ehok mwxpm`|dh/ Ckz Cklhtkz t|htho d` bhj`| ckemzek ò `c k|dò dmjbk } d` mfphc eho`|h/

T\HE^HZ D@ KLZ@\QHJMKO@Z/

Cc`qhd h ch Ehohdh h dh| po ~hz`k ~k| ch jmpdhd k ~k| `c jhe~k# amghodk d` hotèhok d`t`|emohdko÷e`|k d` ~potkz ~h|h jm`|tkz klg`tkz xp` ~kd|èo q`| ò `c jhemok/ ^k| `gè~ck7

Po jhlhcck jkgk////////////////////////////2 ~potkz9poh p||hjh/////////////////////////////////// : ~potkz9poh ~h|qhdh d` zm`t` hq`z////////// : ~potkz9poh ~m`d|h ò ak|eh d` bp`qk//// : ~potkz9po |klc`/////////////////////////////////////// 8 ~potk9po q`ztmdk |kgk///////////////////////////// 8 ~potk9poh `zthtph//////////////////////////////////8 ~potk9

} hzå zpj`zmqheòt`/Jhdh epjbhjbk# hc q`| po klg`tk d` ckz xp` bho zmdk eh|jhdkz# ck hopojmh hc Qm`gk Cklk ò z`j|`tk }ízt` c` eh|jh ckz ~potkz gpotk h zp okel|`/Hc amohc d`c ~hz`k z` zpeho ckz ~potkz } z` q` xpmío bh fhohdk/

4<



KJTHQH D@OT@CCHDH

Hjjmdòt` ò `c Omèfh|h % Opdkz % Ohthjmúo % Bkel|` d` eh| Ghji Jk|ov`cc# Q/J/ % Ch Jp`qh d` ckz Cklhtkz

Hjjmdòt` ò `c Omèfh|h

JPHODK QMZMT@ @C JHOHDÈ# bhj` hcfpokz høkz# kjp||mú poh `zjòh t`||mlc` ò chz Jhth|hthz d`cOmèfh|h/ @|h ch emthd d`c moqm`|ok/ T|`z ~`|zkohz# po bkel|`# zp `z~kzh } po gkqò d` dm`jmzm`t` høkz#j|pwhlho h ~m` po ~pòt` xp` `c bm`ck bhlåh ak|ehdk zkl|` ch jk||mòt` d`c |åk# jphodk d` |`~òt` `c bm`ckjkeòwú h j`d`| } z` |ke~mú ò ~h|t`/@c bkel|` } zp `z~kzh z` òjkot|h|ko d` ~|kotk zkl|` po lckxp` d` bm`ck xp` ackthlh } z` hc`ghlhcòtheòt` d` ch ~h|t` ~|mojm~hc# ò thotk xp` `c epjbhjbk `zthlh zkl|` kt|k/Hc|`d`dk| d` `cckz `c hfph `zthlh jplm`|th jko lckxp`z d` bm`ck xp` fm|hlho } z` fkc~`hlho pokz jkot|hkt|kz# d` thc eho`|h# xp` `|h me~kzmlc` ohdh| } the~kjk bplm`|h zmdk ~kzmlc` bhj`| cc`fh| bhzth `cckz polkt` ò jhzk d` xp` hbå bplm`|h `rmztmdk hcfpok/ Hzå# ~p`z# z` bhcchlho ckz t|`z h e`|j`d d` ch jk||mòt`#ehozh ò `z` cpfh|# ~`|k xp` còth } z`fp|heòt` ckz cc`qhlh |åk hlhgk bhjmh ckz t`||mlc`z |è~mdkz#

dmzthot`z d` hccå imcúe`t|k } e`dmk/Ch epctmtpd xp` `zthlh ò ch |ml`|h q`åh `c ~`cmf|k ò xp` hxp`cckz z` bhcchlho# } hpoxp` z` |`pomú ~k| emc`z# omofpok ~h|`jåh òjkot|h| `c ekdk d` zhcqh|c`z/ Ch jk||mòt` d`l`|åh bhj`|ckz ~hzh| d`lhgk d` dkz~pòt`z xp` j|pwhlho `c |åk hot`z d` ckz |è~mdkz/Ackth|ko ckz ~kl|`z oèpa|hfkz ò hxp`cch dm|`jjmúo dp|hot` poh bk|h/ @o ckz ~pòt`z# xp` z` hcwhlhojmojpòth e`t|kz zkl|` `c hfph# bhlåho zmdk ~p`zthz jp`|dhz# chz xp` d`gh|ko jh`| ~h|h xp` z` jkcfh|hohc ~hzk `zhz kt|hz ~`|zkohz/Hc ~hzh| ~k| hccå# `c epjbhjbk ~pdk hzm|z` h poh d` chz jp`|dhz } ehokz lkodhdkzhz ~|kj`dm`|ko hc`qhoth|ck9 ~`|k jphodk }h `zthlh h hcfpoh hctp|h# `c ~kl|` epjbhjbk ok ~pdk zkztò`|z` ~k| eèztmè~k } jh}ú ò ch jk||mòt` b`chdh# ~h|h ok z`| qmztk eèz/@c bkel|` d`c kt|k tíe~hok thelmío ~pdk jkf`| poh jp`|dh# ch xp` t|htú d` heh||h| hc|`d`dk| d` zpepg`| xp` z` d`zeh}hlh# h amo d` xp` ~k| ck eòkz `cch ~pdm`|h z`| zhcqhdh9 ~`|k ch jk||mòt` ò `z`cpfh| `|h ep} ap`|t` } zpz ehokz `zthlho òtpe`jmdhz# ~k| ck xp` ok ~pdk hopdh| ch jp`|dh# z` c``zjh~ú ízth d` chz ehokz } pokz z`fpodkz eèz th|d` íc } zp `z~kzh t`|emoh|ko zpz ~òhz ò hxp`cchztp|lpcòthz hfphz xp` ak|eho ckz |è~mdkz/

4:

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Accidente

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#nudos

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Natacion

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Marinos

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Jack

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Cueva

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Accidente

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#nudos

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Natacion

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Marinos

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Jack

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Cueva



Ck xp` po Zjkpt ~pdk bhl`| b`jbk

@z aèjmc ekzt|h|z` mot`cmfòt` d`z~píz xp` po b`jbk bh kjp||mdk9 ~`|k `zt` d`zhzt|` e`|`j` e`dmth|z`/»Xpí bhl|åhmz b`jbk qkzkt|kz zm kz bplm`|hmz bhcchdk hccå; ^k|xp` `z `c d`l`| d` po Cklhtk ~òzh| ò po

~cho } ~ko`|ck ò ~|èjtmjh ò kjhzmko`z jkek ízth/Po gà` d` T|k~h jhohdmòz` e` jkotú xp` íc qmhghlh h lk|dk d` po t|ò ~kjk d`z~píz d`c hjjmdòt` }`zjpjbú `c |`chtk d` kt|k ~hzhg`|k/ Ok zhlåho xp` íc tòåh jko`rmúo jko ckz Zjkptz } pok d` `cckz dmgk7lmò# }k j|`k xp` zm hbå bplm`|h bhlmdk po Zjkpt bhl|åh òjkot|hdk ch eho`|h d` zhcqh| h `zthz ~kl|`z~`|zkohz/ ]h q`mz qkzkt|kz ck xp` ch fòt` `z~`|h d` ckz Zjkptz/ Ck ÷omjk xp` bh} xp` bhj`|# ~p`z# `z`zth| cmztkz ~h|h cc`qh| hc jhlk hxp`cck xp` z` `z~`|h d` qkzkt|kz/^`|k jkek `z ÷tmc ` mot`|`zhot` zhl`| ck xp` z` ~kd|åh bhl`| b`jbk# ò zè`ghot` t|hoj`# d` eho`|h xp`zm po jhzk zè ghot` z` |`~mtm`|h# } qkzkt|kz ck ~|`zòjmh|hmz# `ztpqm`|hmz ò jkodmjmko`z d` zhl`| xpíbhj`|# b` dmlpghdk po eh~h ~h|h dèkzt|h| ch ~kzmjmúo ò xp` z` bhcchlho ckz oèpa|hfkz/

@c pzk d` ckz opdkz

Poh jkzh bh} xp` okth| ò `zt` hjjmdòt`# } `z `c qhck| xp` tmò` `c zhl`| bhj`| opdkz# jkzh xp` omof÷o

Zjkpt mfok|h/ Ch fòt` ~mòzh jko a|`jpòjmh7 »xpí qòthgh z` kltmò` d` h~|òd`| jkzhz tho zòjmcchz;^p`z ò hxp`c jhzk# zm z` bplm`|h tòmdk `zt` jkokjmemòtk ~kd|åho bhl`|z` zhcqhdk t|`z qmdhz/

@c Opdk Zme~c`# ~h|h ak|eh| poh fhwh# `z ep} aèjmc d` bhj`| ~`|k dmaåjmc d` d`zbhj`|/

Jphodk chz jp`|dhz ap`|ko lhghdhz d` ckz ~pòt`z d`lm`|ko tò`| poh k dkz chwhdhz ò ckz `rt|èkz~h|h xp` chz ~`|zkohz xp` z` t|hthlh d` zhcqh| ~pdm`|ho ~koí|z`chz hc|`d`dk| k ~hzh| zpz ~m`|ohz } zpzl|hwkz ~k| `cchz/ Chz jp`|dhz pzhdhz ok tòåho chwhdh hcfpoh } ckz oèpa|hfkz ok zhlåho júek bhj`| `zth

jchz` d` opdkz# } ~k| `cck ok ap`|ko jh~hj`z d` zhcqh|z` h zå emzekz/Tkdk Cklhtk d`l` zhl`| bhj`| opdkz d` eho`|h h~|k~mhdh/Ckz epjbhjbkz# k|dmoh|mheòt`/ zko ep} tke`z ~h|h bhj`| opdkz/ Zúck ckf|ho bhj`| poh eh|høh xp`d`z~píz gheèz ~kd|èo d`zlh|hth| ~`|k xp`# zpg`th h po `zap`|wk# z` d`zlh|hth ò `c ~|`jmzk ekeòtkò xp` z` d`z`h xp` zm|qh/ @ztk opojh ~hzh h po eh|mo`|k k h po jkozt|pjtk| d` ~pòt`z/

44



Opdkz d` ch ^|me`|h @zt|`cch

OPDK D@ \MWK/

^h|h pom| qòdhg`z } jp`|dhz/

QP@CTH D@ @ZJKTH/

^h|h pom| jp`|dhz d` dma`|òt` eòh/

Opdkz d` ch Z`fpodh @zt|`cch

OPDK D@ LHZT\MOXP@/^h|h zpg`th| `c `rt|èk d` poh jp`|dh h poeèztmc/

HZ D@ FPåH ZME^C@/Ak|eh poh fhwh xp` ok z` jk||`/ Zm|q` ~h|h ~|`zth| hprmcmk/

Ckz opdkz zko aèjmc`z d` h~|òd`| } tho cp`fk jkek qkzkt|kz ckz h~|òdèmz ~kd|ímz aèjmceòt` òz`øh| hkt|hz ~`|zkohz/^h|h kltò`| qp`zt|h ^|me`|h @zt|`cch# tòímz xp` h~|òd`| dkz d` ckz opdkz eèz ÷tmc`z7 `c Opdk d` \mwk} `c Qp`cth d` @zjkth/ ^h|h qp`zt|h Z`fpodh @zt|`cch o`j`zmtèmz zhl`| kt|kz dkz opdkz ep} me~k|thot`z7`c d` Lhcc`zt|moxp` } `c Hz d` Fpåh zme~c`/ Pzhd |`hth k jp`|dh %opojh jk|dúo% ~h|h h~|òd`|# } thocp`fk jkek kz j|`èmz cmztkz t|hthd d` bhj`| ckz opdkz h kzjp|hz k jko ckz kgkz qòdhdkz/ @otkoj`z~|klhlcèòt` kz dh|ímz jpòth d` xp` ok `ztèmz tho h~tkz jkek kz j|`åhmz/^`|k |`jk|dhd xp` ok zmè~|` tòd|ímz cpw d`c dåh ò `c ekeòtk ò xp` kz z`h o`j`zh|mk hth| po opdk/Qp`zt|h tmòdh ~p`d` bhl`| zmdk `jbhdh hlhgk ~k| `c hm|` dp|hot` ch okjb`# qp`zt|k jhlhcck ~p`d`bhl`|z` zkcthdk } qp`zt|h q`ch ~p`d` |`xp`|m| `c |`hgpzt` d` zpz |mwkz9 bhl|è epjbhz kjhzmko`z ò xp`tòfèåz xp` hopdh| jp`|dhz ò ch klzjp|mdhd }# òtkoj`z# kz zòtm|ímz zhtmza`jbkz d` bhl`| h~|òdmdk hbhj`|ck d` hotèhok/@z dmaåjmc z`fpm| ò po cml|k ch d`zj|m~jmúo d` po opdk zm opojh z` bh motòthdk bhj`|ck9 ~k| thotk# |`jp||mdh Hi`ch k h qp`zt|k Z`mzò`|k ~h|h xp` kz dmfho júek z` bhj`/

Ohthjmúo

Ch ohthjmúo ok ak|eh ~h|t` d` ch ~|p`lh d` ^|me`|h @zt|`cch# ~`|k `z hcfk ep} ÷tmc d` h~|òd`| } emòt|hzeèz tè~|hok ck h~|òdèmz# e`gk|/ Jphodk t|htímz d` ~hzh| qp`zt|h ~|p`lh ~h|h z`| Zjkpt d` ^|me`|hJchz`# tòd|ímz xp` ~hzh| poh ~|p`lh d` ohthjmúo# d` ch xp` zkcheòt` kz ~kd|èo `rmem| ~k| òa`|e`dhd/

@c ^|èjtmjk

»Zhlímz qkzkt|kz ck xp` `z po ~|èjtmjk;^p`z lmò# `z po bkel|` xp` z` fhoh ch qmdh hjtphodk jkek ~mcktk ò ckz qh~k|`z xp` z` hj`|jho h chzjkzthz/@c ~mcktk k|dmoh|mk `z po bkel|` d` qhzth jpctp|h xp` bh ~hzhdk `rèeò`z |mfp|kzkz hot`z xp` z` c`~`|emth hjtph| jkek ~mcktk/ Tkdk lh|jk xp` z` hj`|jh h ch jkzth tmò` xp` z`|qm|z` d` po ~mcktk ~h|h xp`ck fpå` òt|` chz |kjhz } ckz lhojkz d` h|òh/

40



^`|k `c ~|èjtmjk `z po bkel|` xp` z` bh hdm`zt|hdk ~h|h zk|t`h| ckz ~`cmf|kzd` ch jkzth# xp` ohq`fh ò zp ~|k~mk lh|jk d` q`ch ò tkdh kjhzmúo# zkl|`tkdk `c ehc tmè~k# jko o`lcmohz } lk||hzjhz# jphodk ckz q`|dhd`|kz ~mcktkzzp`cò ok òjkot|h| ckz lh|jkz xp` |`hceòt` ckz o`j`zmtho/@c ~|èjtmjk z` hj`|jh h chz ohq`z xp` ok ~p`dò ~hfh| po ~mcktk d` q`|dhd }

c`z ka|`jò zpz z`|qmjmkz ~k| poh ~hfh mozmfomamjhot`# fpmèodkckz bhzth `c~p`|tk/Tho ~|kotk jkek po lh|jk z` bhcch ò ~`cmf|k ò ckz lhojkz d` h|òh k òchz |kjhz# íc z` bhj` ~|`zòt`/ @z jkek `c jp`|qk xp` ò jphotk bh} pohomehc ep`|tk ò `c jhe~k# h~h|`j` zmo xp` z` z`~h d` dúod` qmò`/

@c ^|èjtmjk `z po bkel|`|mjk ò |`jp|zkz

@c ~|èjtmjk `ztè cmztk ~h|h h}pdh| h |`zjhth| ch jh|fh d` po lh|jk } kltò`| poh lpòh |`jke~òzh9 z` c`~kd|åh ccheh| thelmío ò h}pdh d` ckz oèpa|hfkz zm ok ap`|h ~k|xp` íc bhj` jphotk ~p`d` ~h|h zhcqh|ckzhot`z d`c ohpa|hfmk/ Z` bho dhdk epctmtpd d` jhzkz d` zhcqheòtkz b`|kmjkz b`jbkz ~k| ~|èjtmjkz/@c ~|èjtmjk tmò`# ~k| thotk# xp` z`| po qhcmòt` } hqmz~hdk eh|mo`|k ~h|h jkoz`|qh|z` h zhcqk ò poh~`xp`øh èlh|jhjmúo# ò ck ~`k| d` chz tk|eòthz9 fò`|hceòt` è~h~hdk } jko a|åk9 zmo hcmeòtk

h~|k~mhdk } zmo bhl`| dk|emdk ck zpamjmòt`9 jkokj`dk| d`c eh| d`jåe`t|k h d`jåe`t|k hpo dp|hot` cho`lcmoh# jphodk ok bh} ohdh xp` ck ~p`dh fpmh|9 t|hlhgh| |pdheòt` ~h|h fhoh|z` ch qmdh# } `zth| zmè~|` cmztk ~h|h h}pdh| h hxp`c xp` z` òjpòt|h ò ~`cmf|k# hpo h jkzth d` zp qmdh/ @z `c q`|dhd`|kZjkpt Eh|mok/

Po Zjkpt Eh|mok

^`zjhdk|`z

Kt|k tm~k amok d` Zjkpt Eh|mok `z `c ~`zjhdk| d` hcth eh|/ Z` ~hzh ch qmdhohq`fhodk ò q`c`|k bhzth ckz cpfh|`z d` ~`zjh# ep} hdòt|k d` ckz modúemtkzeh|`z/ Zp qmdh `z a|åh } dp|h } `ztè ò jkozthot` ~`cmf|k ~k| ck ~`xp`øk d` zpèlh|jhjmúo/^`|k `z ~|`jmzheòt` `zth qmdh dp|h } èz~`|h ch xp` bhj` d` `zkz ~`zjhdk|`zfòt` d` jkoamhowh/ Zko ep} dma`|òt`z d` `zkz tm~kz ~|k~mkz d` ch jmpdhd# d`

jh|hz ~ècmdhz# xp` apeho jmfh||mcckz# xp` opojh tmòò xp` òa|òth|z` jko ckz~`cmf|kz } chz dmamjpcthd`z# jkek ok z`ho chz xp` z` c`z ~p`dò ~|`zòth| ò poqmhg` ò t|hoqåh k ò úeomlpz/@ztkz ~|èjtmjkz } ~`zjhdk|`z d` eh| xp` d`zè~`øho zp t|hlhgk ò z`j|`tkdp|hot` `c tmè~k d` ~hw# ap`|ko d` f|ho ptmcmdhd h op`zt|h ackth dp|hot` chfp`||h cme~mhodk `c eh| d` emohz/ @zhz emohz `|ho lkelhz ackthot`z# d`bm`||k# dmzèmohdhz ò `c eh| ~k| `c òèmfk ~h|h qkch| ckz lh|jkz9 ~`|k ckzjhwh%emohz bmjm`|ko zp ~`cmf|kzk t|hlhgk jko d`zt|`wh# |`jkfmòdk jmòtkz d``cchz } zhcqhodk hzå ckz lh|jkz/

Eh|mokz

Thelmío `rmztò ckz eh|mokz d` chz t|m~pchjmko`z d` emc`z d` lh|jkz e`|jhot`z } d` ~hzhg`|kz xpòhq`fho d` ckz eh|`z d` qp`zt|k ~håz h tkdkz ckz ~potkz d`c k|l`/ Ok qèkz h epjbkz d` `cckz òop`zt|hz jhcc`z# ~`|k zhlèkz ck xp` bhjò ~k| chz okthz d` ckz ~`|múdmjkz/Bh} ohpa|hfmkz ` mojòdmkz ò hcth eh|# jbkxp`z } bpodmemòtkz9 ehz ò ch eh}k|åh d` `zthz jhtèzt|ka`zz` dho jhzkz d` qhck| b`|kmjk } dmzjm~cmoh hdem|hlc`# ~k| ~h|t` d` ckz eh|mokz/Ckz emèl|kz d` op`zt|h eh|moh xp` qèkz hcfpoh q`w ~k| chz jhcc`z zko `rj`~jmkohc`z ò zp |hwh7ap`|t`z } zhokz# jh~hj`z d` ~|`zth| h}pdh ò jphcxpm`| kjhzmúo ò xp` z`ho |`xp`|mdkz ~h|h `cck/Zp zhof|` a|åh } dmzjm~cmoh zko lmò jkokjmdhz7 ~`|k »ok j|`ímz qkzkt|kz xp` z` o`j`zmth dklc` z`|òmdhd~h|h m| hc akodk d` `zkz lh|jkz d` fp`||h# d` hj`|k# ò e`dmk d`c eh|# dp|hot` poh lhthcch;Hbå ckz tòímz jpe~cmòdk jko zp d`l`| lhgk `c ~pòt` d` hj`|k# ò ch lkd`fh d` chz epomjmko`z }htòdmòdk h chz tp|lmohz } ~komòdk jh|lúo ò chz jhcd`|hz# òj`||hdkz jkek |hthz ò poh t|he~h#

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emòt|hz h||mlh `c |`ztk d` zpz b`|ehokz dmz~h|ho ckz jhøko`z } `ztèo hc`|thz h ck xp` zpj`d` ò zphc|`d`dk|/

Gpfhodk `c gp`fk

\`jp`|dk xp` jphodk Ck|d L`|`zak|t e` cc`qú h zp lh|jk } lhghekz h chz jèeh|hz d` akodk dkod` chz~p`|thz# h ~|p`lh d` hfph# jkoz`|qho h~|mzmkohdkz h ckz bkel|`z# zmo xp` ~p`dho `zjh~h| ò jhzk d`m|z` h ~mxp` `c lh|jk# e` d`jåh7 ,B` hxpå h ckz bkel|`z q`|dhd`|heòt` qhcmòt`z9 ckz xp` d`zè~`øhozp t|hlhgk zmo z`| qmztkz9 ckz xp` ok ~h|tmjm~ho om d`c bkok| om d` ch fck|mh# ~`|k xp`# zmo èlh|fk/ zkomodmz~òzhlc`z# ~p`z zmo `cckz ok eh|jbh|åh `c lh|jk } ok z` fhoh|åh ch lhthcch/,Jkek `ztkz bkel|`z d`z`h|åhekz xp` ap`|ho tkdkz ckz bkel|`z d`c ~håz/ Xp` jpe~cm`|ho jko zp d`l`| ò `c ~p`ztk xp` c`z jk||`z~kod`# zmo d`z`h| z`| qmztkz om z`| okthdkz# zmok bhjmíodkck ~k| `cjpe~cmemòtk emzek d`c d`l`|# } ok ~k| ch fck|mh xp` d` `cck ~p`dh |`zpcth|c`z/

Hzå jkek bhjò ckzlkel`|kz# ~`|eho`wjhoò zpz ~p`ztkz jphodk `c

~|úgmek o`j`zmt` h}pdh/

Zhlåh }k gpfh| a÷tlkc ò ch `zjp`ch# } ~k| epjbk tmè~k apm `c fph|dhe`th/ E` zòtåh jkek `zkzakfko`|kz ohqhc`z9 bplm`|h d`z`hdk kjp~h| ~p`ztkz ò xp` `ztpqm`|h gpfhodk tkdk `c tmè~k9 `zth| jkozthotèòt` ò ~kz`zmúo d` ch ~`ckth9 jk||`| d` po chdk ~h|h kt|k òt|` ckz h~chpzkz d` ckz`z~`jthdk|`z# ò q`w d` `zth| jkoamohdk ò ch e`th ò ch xp` tòåh xp` ~`|eho`j`| zkck } òtpe`jmdkd` a|åk# zmo z`| okthdk ~k| ohdm`/Zmo èlh|fk# jphodk `c òèmfk cc`fh bhzth ch cåo`h# d`z~píz d` bhl`| ~hzhdk hc ÷ctmek dàòzh#òtkoj`z `c írmtk k `c a|hjhzk d` ch jkotmòdh d`~òdò `rjcpzmqheòt` d` hxp`c xp` bh ~`|eho`jmdk ò

zp ~p`ztk zmo z`| qmztk# `z d`jm|# d`c fph|dhe`th/Cklhtkz# gheèz kcqmdímz `ztk/ Jpe~cmd jko qp`zt|k d`l`| hpo jphodk ok tòfèmz omof÷o hcmjmòt`# hpojphodk ohdm` z` dí jpòth d` `cck/ Thc jkzh zmfomamjh ~|hjtmjh| `c gp`fk# ok ~h|h qp`zt|h fck|åh }òt|`tòmemòtk# zmok ~h|h xp` fhoò ckz qp`zt|kz/

Ghji Jk|ov`cc `|h poomøk# ~`|k dèkzt|ú òch lhthcch d` Gptchodmh

xp` ~kdåh kjp~h| `c~p`ztk d` po bkel|`/

Ghji Jk|ov`cc# Q/J/

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Jmòtkz d` qp`zt|kz b`|ehokz Zjkptz zm|qm`|ko h lk|dk d` ch f|ho ackth# } ò `c `zjphd|úo d` j|pj`|kz d`lhthcch dp|hot` ch f|ho fp`||h9 ckz hcem|hot`z } ckz kamjmhc`z d` zpz lh|jkz e` bho `zj|mtk dmjmíodke`jpèo f|hod` `|h zp dmzjm~cmoh } jpèo f|hod`# thelmío# `c `z~å|mtp xp` ckz homehlh/Hcfpokz kamjmhc`z e` bho dmjbk xp` ~|àm`|ò h ckz xp` bho zmdk Zjkptz# xp` h kt|kz xp` bho zhcmdk d` ckzlh|jkz d` hdm`zt|hemòtk d` ch eh|moh# ~p`z h ckz ~|me`|kz z` c`z ~p`d` jkoamh| `c t|hlhgk# zmo tò`| o`j`zmdhd d` `zth|ckz qmfmchodk ~h|h xp` ok ~m`|dho `c tmè~k/ @o ckz Zjkptz z` ~p`d` jkoamh| xp`jpe~cò jko zp d`l`|# zmo me~k|th|c`z ck xp` `ztk c`z jp`zt`# h pok d` `cckz c` jkztú ch qmdh/ Zp okel|`

`z Ghji Jk|ov`cc/Jpe~cåh jko zp d`l`| jkek òjh|fhdk d` pok d` ckz jhøko`z d`c lh|jk ,Jb`zt`|,# dp|hot` ch f|holhthcch d` Gptchodmh# ò gpomk d` 8=81/ Ckz òjh|fhdkz d` `z` jhøúo ap`|ko tkdkz ep`|tkz# eòkz dkz/Jphcxpm`| bkel|` ò hxp`cchz jm|jpozthojmhz bhl|åh hlhodkohdk zp ~p`ztk } lpzjhdk |àpfmk# }h xp` c`z`|åh me~kzmlc` htòd`| `c jhøúo íc zkck9 zmo èlh|fk Jk|ov`cc h ~`zh| d` `zth ehc b`|mdk# z` xp`dú hccå~k| zm hjhzk z` c` o`j`zmthlh/Z` ehotpqk ò zp ~p`ztk ok klzthot` `c dkck| xp` c` jhpzhlho chz b`|mdhz } ck xp` zpa|åh qmòdk h zpzjheh|hdhz ep`|tkz } ek|mlpodkz h zp hc|`d`dk|/ Eèz th|d` ep|mú íc thelmío h jkoz`jpòjmh d` zpzb`|mdhz# ~`|k bhlåh jpe~cmdk oklcèòt` jko zp d`l`| } dèkzt|hdk xp` po Zjkpt ~`|eho`j` ò zp~p`ztk hpo jphodk `ztk c` hjh||`` ch ep`|t`/Ckz Cklhtkz ok zko dèhzmhdk gúqò`z ~h|h ~kd`| z`| bí|k`z/ Ep} h eòpdk ckz ~`|múdmjkz okz dhooktmjmh d` q`|dhd`|kz `gè~ckz d` b`|kåzek cc`qhdkz hc jhlk ~k| Zjkptz d` op`zt|k ~håz } d`c epodkòt`|k/

Ch Jp`qh d` ckz Cklhtkz

@o poh kjhzmúo e` mot|kdpg` ò ch jp`qh d` pokz cklkz ~h|h dh|e` jpòth d`c cpfh| dkod` qmqåho/ @|hízth poh jp`qh d` t`jbk lhgk jkckjhdh ò ch ~h|t` moa`|mk| d` poh |kjh# ò po lhojk d` tm`||h z`jh/ @chfpg`|k `|h ò ~h|t` ohtp|hc/ } ò ~h|t` bhlåh zmdk `zjh|lhdk ~k| ckz cklkz/@o ch ~h|t` d` hdòt|k ckz cklkz `zthlho ~`|a`jtheòt` fph|`jmdkz d`c ehc tmè~k# } h ch q`w xp` ok~kdåho z`| qmztkz# `zthlho thelmío ~|kt`fmdkz jkot|h ckz hthxp`z d` ckz homehc`z eèz f|hod`z# }h xp` chòt|hdh `|h tho lhgh xp` `cckz tòåho xp` h||hzt|h|z` ~k| `c zp`ck ~h|h òt|h|/Ok dma`|åh ízth epjbk d` ch jp`qh d` ckz cklkz d`zj|mth ò ,@c Cml|k d` chz Tm`||hz Qå|fò`z,# dkod`Zb`|` Ibho t|htú d` jkf`| h Ekvfcm d`z~píz d` xp` ckz cklkz z` ck bhlåho xpmthdk/Ckz cklkz } Ekvfcm `zthlho h zhcqk dòt|k d` ch jp`qh# }h xp` ch òt|hdh `|h dèhzmhdk lhgh ~h|h xp` `cz`øk| tmf|` ~pdm`|h mot|kdpjm|z` ~k| `cch# } hzå# ck ÷omjk xp` íc ~kdåh bhj`| `|h q`|ckz jko òkgk d`zd`

hap`|h/@o ch jp`qh d` ckz cklkz xp` }k `rhemoí# bhlåh ò `c akodk poh |kjh xp` zkl|`zhcåh# } d`t|èz d` `cchòjkot|í poh z`fpodh jp`qh eèz ~`xp`øh xp` bhlåh zmdk `rjhqhdh# `qmdòtèòt` ~k| ckz cklkz eèz~`xp`økz# ckz xp` d` `zh eho`|h z` bhlåho jkozt|pmdk zp ~|k~mh jhzh/B` hbå po `gè~ck ~h|h qkzkt|kz# Cklhtkz/ Qkzkt|kz d`límz z`| jh~hj`z d` jkozt|pm|kz jhzhz hd`jphdhz} z`jhz ò ckz cchokz# k ò ckz ekot`z/ Bh} eèz ~chj`| ò jkozt|pm|z` pok emzek po |àpfmk xp` òjke~|h| hcfk }h b`jbk/^kdímz ~|mojm~mh| ~k| jkozt|pm|kz po hcl`|fp` ò qp`zt|k ~|k~mk gh|dåo/

Júek jkozt|pm| poh Jp`qh

@c |àpfmk xp` bh}èmz d` jkozt|pm|kz d`~òd`|è d` ckz eht`|mhc`z d` xp` dmz~kofèmz/Pok ep} zòjmcck z` ~p`d` jkozt|pm| jko zhjkz qm`gkz# jkzmòdk pokz h kt|kz jko jk|dko`z ò ak|eh d`

zèlhoh/ Zm òtko`z heh||èmz am|eèòt` h ch ~h|`d k h ch hj`|h poh d` zpz k|mcchz } zkztòímz ch kl|h jkodkz lhztko`z k ~hckz# kltòd|ímz poh ehfoåamjh jp`qh dkod` e`t`|kz jphodk `c zkc `ztí ep} jhcmòt`# }dkod` ~kd|ímz gpfh| tkdh jchz` d` gp`fkz/ Thelmío `z aèjmc d`jk|h|ch jko ~motp|hz h jkck| z d` cklkz }kt|kz homehc`z zmcq`zt|`z# ~mothdkz zkl|` ckz emzekz zhjkz/ Ok kz z`|åh d` ptmcmdhd ~h|h ~hzh| ch okjb`#}h xp` ok `qmth|åh ch ccpqmh9 ~`|k jphodk qkzkt|kz# }h eh}k|`z# z`hmz Zjkptz# }h tòd|ímz k~k|tpomdhd d`~hzh| epjbhz okjb`z ò `c jhe~k ò jh|~hz k tmòdhz d` jhe~høh } dmq`|tm|kz epjbk jko `cck/B` dmjbk xp` chz jp`qhz d` ckz q`|dhd`|kz cklkz zko ep} júekdhz ~h|h `cckz9 ~`|k ok ~h|h ckz bkel|`z/Chz jp`qhz zko fò`|hceòt` b÷e`dhz# kzjp|hz } ccòhz d` tm`||h }# ~k| ck thotk# ok zko lpòhz ~h|h chzhcpd/

42



Ckz ^m`tm`|okz jko a|`jpòjmh jhqho jhzh ~h|h hjhe~h| ck xp` po q`|dhd`|k Zjkpt gheèz bhj`# ~p`zzhl` xp` qmqm| ò thc`z cpfh|`z `z jhpzh d` òa`|e`dhd`z/ Eèz d` po ^m`tm`|ok bh ep`|tk z`~pcthdk ~k| po d`||pel` jphodk t|hthlh d` jhqh| zp jp`qh/

Jp`qhz ò cpfh|`z j`||hdkz

@z~`|k xp` epjbkz d` qkzkt|kz tòfèmz po |mojúo ò ch jp`qh fò`|hc d` ch Ehohdh# k# ~k| ck eòkz# po~`dhwk d` ~h|`d xp` d` eho`|h `z~`jmhc ~`|tò`wjh h qp`zt|h Z`mzòh/Zm tòímz thc jkzh# d` qkzkt|kz d`~òd` xp` `c hz~`jtk d` `cch z`h ck eèz h~|k~mhdk } hc`f|` ~kzmlc`/ Zmdmz~koímz d` po |mojúo# thc q`w kz ~`|emtho jkckjh|# ~h|h mod`~òdmwh|ck# lmkelkz b`jbkz jko zhjkz# òckz jphc`z bh}èmz ~mothdk è|lkc`z k homehc`z zmcq`zt|`z/ ^òzhd lmò jpèc `z ch e`gk| eho`|h d` ptmcmwh| `cè|`h xp` kz bh}h zmdk hzmfohdh/ ^kdímz jkoz`fpm|kz jkc`jjmko`z d` `zthe~hz d` homehc`z zmcq`zt|`z# }th|g`thz `z~`jmhc`z dkod` ~moth| ckz jkck|`z d` ch Z`mzòh9 hdèèz# ~kdímz |`jk|th| d` ckz ~`|múdmjkzmcpzt|hdkz moamomdhd d` jkzhz mot`|`zhot`z/ @o amo# bh} epctmtpd d` jkzhz d` chz xp` kz ~kdímz z`|qm| ~h|hbhj`| xp` ch Jp`qh d` qp`zt|h Ehohdh z` ~h|`wjh h poh jp`qh q`|dhd`|h# hpo jphodk tòfèmz xp`|`jkf`| qp`zt|hz jkzhz d`z~píz d` jhdh \`pomúo } è~hjh|chz ~h|h ptmcmwh|chz ò ch ~|úrmeh/ Bhj`d xp`qp`zt|k Z`mzò`|k bhlc` jko Hi`ch zkl|` `zt` hzpotk/

4=



OKQ@OH D@OT@CCHDH

Júek bhj`|z` f|hod`z } ap`|t`z % Ch zhof|` % Hcmeòtkz zhokzHz`k dmh|mk %Hm|` a|`zjk % @g`|jmjmkz

Zhctkz# `xpmcml|mk d` cml|kz# zhctk d` |hoh } eh|keh\kdh| `c h|k# `tj/ % \`z~m|h| ~k| ch oh|mw % Chz pøhz } zp jpmdhdkCkz dmòt`z } zp jpmdhdk % Ckz ~m`z % Jkokj`| `c |`ckg % Z`|qmjmk

@O OP@ZT\K @GÍ\JMTK bhlåh po lhthccúo d` bkel|`z ep} ~`xp`økz xp` ok `|ho ck zpamjmòtèòt`hctkz ~h|h po |`fmemòtk k|dmoh|mk } z` c`z cchehlh Lhothez/ Hc ~|mojm~mk# ch fòt` z` zòtåh ekqmdh h|`å|z` d` `cckz ~k|xp` `|ho tho ~`xp`økz9 ~`|k ~|kotk dèkzt|h|ko xp` ò `c jkelht` `|ho tho lpòkzjkek jphcxpm`| kt|k/ Po bkel|` ~`xp`øk ~p`d` tò`| f|ho jk|hwúo } epjbk qhck| dòt|k d` zm/Op`zt|kz Fbkk|ihz# ckz ~`xp`økz fp`||`|kz d` op`zt|k `gí|jmtk modmk# ck bho dèkzt|hdk/ @ztkz bkel|`zehfoåamjkz z` qmztò d` poh eho`|h tho ~h|`jmdh h ch d` ckz Zjkptz# xp` h ~|me`|h qmzth z` c`z ~p`d`tkeh| ~k| pok d` `cckz jp}h ~m`c bh tkzthdk `c zkc/

Thelmío qkzkt|kz ~kd|ímz tò`| pof|ho jk|hwúo } epjbk qhck|# hzè`ghowh d` ckz Lhothez/

Hbå `ztèo thelmío op`zt|kz hemfkz ckz gh~ko`z`z/ Zko ep} ~`xp`økz# ~`|k tho qhcmòt`z } tho ap`|t`z

jkek ckz Fbkk|ihz# } zko pokz ehfoåamjkz zkcdhdkz/Hzå# hpo jphodk po Cklhtk z`h ~`xp`øk# ~p`d` z`| tho mot|í~mdk } ÷tmc jkek po epjbhjbk eèz f|hod`# zmíc ~ko` è~`øk ò z`|ck/Ckz gh~ko`z`z z` bhjò ap`|t`z tòmòdk epjbk jpmdhdk jko ck xp` jkeò# } z` jkoz`|qho ep} cme~mkz#hz`èodkz` jkozthotèòt`# } `g`|jmtho zp jp`|~k dåh t|hz dåh# ck xp` ckz bhj` zpeheòt` ap`|t`z/ @ztèozmè~|` zko|mòt`z } tmòò lpò bpek|# `ztk ckz h}pdh h jkoz`|qh|z` zhokz/

Júek j|`j`|

0>

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#crecer

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Sangre

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Alimentos

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#diariamente

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Aire

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Ejercicios

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Saltar

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Equilibrio

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#rana

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Maromas

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#aro

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#nariz

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Las

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#dientes

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#pies

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#reloj

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Servicio

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#crecer

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Sangre

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Alimentos

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#diariamente

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Aire


http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Saltar

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Equilibrio

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#rana

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Maromas

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#aro

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#nariz

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Las

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#dientes

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#pies

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#reloj

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Servicio



Po Cklhtk ~p`d` bhj`| ck emzek zm ck d`z`h/ @ztk} z`fp|k d` xp` tkdk Cklhtk d`z`h|è z`| ap`|t` } zhok9~`|k ~p`d` bhj`| hcfk eèz xp` po gh~koíz# k po Fbkk|ih# ~p`ztk xp` ~p`d` h}pdh| h zp j|`jmem otk/hdèèz d` bhj`|z` ap`|t`/Hxpå dm|í hcfpohz d` chz jkzhz xp` qkzkt|kz ~kdímz bhj`| ~h|h z`| |klpztkz } zhokz/

Zhof|` lpòh } ò jhotmdhd

Ck ~|me`|k xp` bh} xp` bhj`| `z jkoz`|qh| ch zhof|` xp` jk||` ~k| qp`zt|hz qòhz zhoh } hlpodhot`/ Ckxp` `z `c qh~k| ~h|h poh eèxpmoh# `z ~h|h qp`zt|k jp`|~k ch zhof|`9 c` bhj` jhemoh| lmò k ehc# d`hjp`|dk jko zp qmfk|/ Hdèèz# qp`zt|h zhof|` `z `c hcmeòtk d` qp`zt|k jp`|~k# jkek `c hfph `c d` chz~chothz7 kz bhj` j|`j`|9 zm `c k|fhomzek ok ch tmò` ò zpamjmòt` ~|k~k|jmúo# z` jkoz`|qh ~`xp`øk#òd`lc`# } ò kjh%zmko`z z` eh|jbmth } ep`|`/

Ckz homehc`z# jkek ckzjhlhcckz# zhlò bhj`| `g`|jmjmkz~h|h jkoz`|qh|z` ap`|t`z/

»^`|k# júek ~p`dk }k kltò`| zhof|` lpòh } hlpodhot` zm ízth z` ahl|mjh dòt|k d` eå;

Hcmeòtkz zhokz

^p`z lmò# ch zhof|` z` bhj` ~k| e`dmk d` ch hcmeòthjmúo xp` tkeèmz ~k| ch lkjh# } ~h|h kltò`|ch òhlpodhojmh# d`l`|ímz tkeh| hcmeòtkz xp` z`ho lpòkz ~h|h ~|kdpjm| zhof|`# ok dpcj` } jh|he`ckz# xp`/hpoxp` zhlò lmò# ok zko lpòkz7 ck xp` bh} xp` jke`| `z jh|o` zhoh# q`|dp|hz } ~ho/

D` `zt` ekdk z` kltmò` hlpodhot` zhof|`9 ~`|k bh} xp` kltò`|ch lpòh } zhoh } `ztk thelmío ckd`l`|ímz bhj`| ~k| qkzkt|kz emzekz9 ohdm` eèz ck ~p`d` bhj`| ~k| qkzkt|kz/

@qhjph| dmh|mheòt`

D`z~píz d` bhl`| tkehdk qp`zt|kz hcmeòtkz# ehztmjèodkckz lmò# cc`fho hc `ztúehfk# } ch ~h|t` ÷tmc d``cckz z` hzmemch } qh h ch zhof|`# emòt|hz xp` ch ~h|t` mo÷tmc ~hzh hc mot`ztmok/ Zm ~`|emtåz xp` `zth ~h|t`mo÷tmc ~`|eho`wjh dòt|k d` qkzkt|kz dèhzmhdk tmè~k %eèz d` po dåh%# jkemòwh h òqòòh| qp`zt|hzhof|` }# ~k| thotk# h jkot|h||`zth| `c lmò xp` `c hcmeòtk zhok bhlåh ~|k~k|jmkohdk hc k|fhomzek/^k| jkozmfpmòt`# d`l`|ímz z`| ep} jpmdhdkzkz# } d`zbhj`|kz d` ch ~h|t` mo÷tmc d` qp`zt|h jkemdh# ~k| ckeòkz poh q`w hc dåh# jko |`fpch|mdhd/ @zt` `z `c z`j|`tk ~h|h jkoz`|qh| ch zhcpd/

Hm|` op`qk } |`z~m|hjmúo ~|kapodh

Zhl`| ~k| xpí bh} xp` |`z~m|h| ~k| ch oh|mw ^kdímz |klpzt`j`| qp`zt|h zhof|` cc qhodk h `cch hm|` op`qk/ Ch zhof|` o`j zmth hm| 9 ~k| `zkjkotmopheòt` ~hzh hc t|hqíz d` qp`zt|kz ~pceko`z xp` `ztèo jkckjhdkz h ch emthd d`c jp`|~k# t|hthodkd` kltò`| ~h|t` d`c hm|` xp` |`z~m|èmz ~k| ch oh|mw/ H}pdhd h qp`zt|h zhof|` |`z~m|hodk hm|` op`qk~|kapodheòt`/ Ok `z` hm|` qmjmhdk xp` `ztè dòt|k d` ckz jph|tkz j`||hdkz# zmok hm|` a|`zjk } op`qk òch jhotmdhd xp` `rmzt` ò ckz cpfh|`z hlm`|tkz/^h|h `cck d`l`|ímz `jbh| ap`|h tkdk `c xp` tòímz dòt|k# moz~m|hodk ~k| ch oh|mw# thotk hm|` jphotk z`h~kzmlc` jkotò`| ò qp`zt|k ~`jbk bhzth xp` ízt` } qp`zt|hz jkztmcchz z` bh}ho òzhojbhdk h zp

08



jh~hjmdhd tkthc/ ^|hjtmjhd `ztk d` jphodk ò jphodk dp|hot` `c dåh %jphodk kz òjkot|ímz hc hm|` cml|`% }`ztk zkck lhzth|è ~h|h h}pdh|kz h j|`j`| } h |klpzt`j`|/

@g`|jmjmkz jk|~k|hc`z

Hdèèz d` ch lpòh jkemdh } d`c hm|` op`qk# bh} hcfk ep} me~k|thot` xp` qkzkt|kz tòímz xp` bhj`| jko |`z~`jtk h qp`zt|h zhof|`# } `z `c `g`|jmjmk/Jkek }h ck b` dmjbk# ch zhof|` `z jkek `c hfph ~h|h ch ~choth7 opt|` hc jp`|~k# k ch ~h|t` d`c jp`|~k xp``cch |`jk||`/ Tòd|è zmè~|` xp` cc`fh| h tkdhz chz ~h|t`z d` qp`zt|k jp`|~k9 ~`|k zm qkzkt|kz ch h}pdèmz hbhj`| `ztk# ck bh|è e`gk|/ ^k| `zth |hwúo# ckz jk||`dk|`z } ckz gpfhdk|`z d` a÷tlkc# ~k| `c jkotmopk`g`|jmjmk# jkozmfpò xp` zp zhof|` jk||h eèz he~cmheòt` ò zpz ~m`|ohz# ck jphc chz bhj` j|`j`| òthehøk } ò ap`|wh/@o ch Modmh bhcch|ímz hcfpokz ohtmqkz xp` cc`qho poh ehok zkl|` ch jhl`wh/ Bhjò thc jkzh jkek jhztmfk~k| ckz ~`jhdkz xp` bho jke`tmdk/ } ~|ke`tò xp` tòd|èo zp l|hwk ò hxp`cch ~kztp|h } ok qkcq`|èo hpzh|ck/ @c |`zpcthdk `z xp`# ~k| ahcth d` `g`|jmjmk# ch zhof|` ok jk||` ~k| íc d`lmdheòt` %ch ~choth ok `z|`fhdh jko ~|k~m`dhd% } ~kjk h ~kjk `c l|hwk jkemòwh h hd`cfhwh| bhzth xp` z` jkoqm`|t` ò bp`zkzjplm`|tkz d` ~m`c# ò hcfk mo÷tmc/^k| thotk# zm qkzkt|kz xp`|ímz j|`j`| ò thehøk } ap`|wh `g`|jmthd tkdkz ckz emèl|kz d` qp`zt|k jp`|~k#xp` lmò ck ~kdímz bhj`|/

Zhcth| ch jp`|dh ,L|mojh| ch jp`|dh jko ckz ~m`z gpotkz :> q`j`z bhjmh d`chot` } :> q`j`z bhjmh ht|èz9 `c Cklhtk emzek~p`d` `jbh|z` ch jp`|dh/,@c epjbhjbk xp` zhcth ch jp`|dh `jbèodkch bhjmh hd`chot`# qkct`h ckz d`dkz d` zpz ~m`z bhjmh ht|èz#hfhjbh ckz bkel|kz } ò q`w d` bhj`|z` po lmò# ~p`d` bhj`|z` po ehc/

Ízt` `z `c amohc d`c zhctk ek|thc# ok ízt`/

Jkoz`fpåkz poh jp`|dh %ok o`j`zmth z`| poh d` `zhz eh|hqmcchz jkztkzhz jko jhlkz d` ehd`|h%# ~`|k okd`l`|è z`| dèhzmhdk d`cfhdh } cmf`|h } òzh}hkz h zhcth|/Zm ok zhlímz l|mojh|# lpzjhd dkz hemfkz xp` kz `jbò ch jp`|dh hc ~|mojm~mk# } pzhd qp`zt|k j`|`l|k ~h|hh~|òd`| h l|mojh| d` eho`|h hd`jphdh } ò tmè~k k~k|tpok/ ^h|hkz d`|`jbkz# jko ckz bkel|kz bhjmhhlhgk# } jko chz ~pothz d` ckz ~m`z xp` h~òhz tkxpò ch jp`|dh/ »@ztèmz cmztkz; ¨Lmò(/ Hccè qh zkl|`

qp`zt|h jhl`wh/ Hbk|h l|mojhd jko ckz thcko`z gpotkz# ckz d`dkz d` ckz ~m`z bhjmh hap`|h# } hc jh`|# dklchdchz |kdmcchz cmf`|heòt` bhjmh ap`|h/ Dhd po ~`xp`øk l|mojk# òt|` jhdh l|mojk f|hod`# jphodk ch jp`|dhz` òjpòt|` zkl|` qp`zt|h jhl`wh# `ztk kz h}pdh|è h jkoz`|qh|kz ò `xpmcml|mk } h fph|dh| `c jke~èz/Hbk|h# t|hthd d` `jbh|kz ch jp`|dh qkzkt|kz emzekz/ Jkeòwhd tòmíodkch òa|òt` } jkoz`|qhkz`|fpmdkz/ Ok jhmfèmz zkl|` qp`zt|kz thcko`z jkek zm ap`z`mz `càhot`z9 t|hthd d` zhcth| jkek poh jhl|hekoth|hw "zm `z xp` ~kdímz- } ok fkc~`ímz qp`zt|kz d`dkz ò jhdh l|mojk/ D`l`|ímz l|mojh| t|`moth q`j`z#d` `z~hcdh } zkckz# ~h|h kltò`| qp`zt|h ^|me`|h @zt|`cch/ ^|hjtmjhd hzå jpmdhdkzheòt` ò qp`zt|h jhzh/Hcfpokz omøkz ~òzh|èo xp` l|mojh| ch jp`|dh `z jkzh d` omøhz9 ~`|k ckz Cklhtkz tmòò eèz zòtmdkjke÷o } ok j|`ò `zk/ Zhlò xp` ckz gpfhdk|`z d` a÷tlkc } ckz lkr`hdk|`z pzho `zt` `g`|jmjmk ò zpz~|èjtmjhz/

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Zhctk d` |hoh

B` klz`|qhdk h epjbkz omøkz jphodk bhjò `c zhctk d` |hoh/ Hcfpokz ck bhjò ep} lmò9 ~`|k epjbkzkt|kz ~h|`jò zhjkz d` jh|lúo xp` fkc~`ho zkl|` ch `z~hcdh d` po jh|fhdk|# } ok poh ~`|zkoh zhcthodk/Jphodk qkzkt|kz jkeòjímz h h~|òd`|# bhj`dck zkl|` po epjbhjbk d` qp`zt|h emzeh `zthtp|h# k po~kxpmtk eèz ~`xp`øk/ Bhj`d xp` ízt` z` ~h|` h `zjphd|h jko qkzkt|kz9 xp` z` mojcmo` bhjmh hlhgk } xp``zjkodh lmò ch jhl`wh "zm z` ~h|h jko ckz ~m`z z`~h|hdkz } z` jkf` ch jhl`wh jko helhz ehokz bhl|è

eòkz ~|klhlmcmdhd d` xp` c` ~`fpò-7 jk||`d bhjmh íc ~komòdk helhz ehokz zkl|` zp `z~hcdh ~h|hzhcth|# jko chz ~m`|ohz lmò hlm`|thz9 t|hthd d` ~hzh|ck h~k}èodkkz ck eòkz xp` z`h ~kzmlc` ò íc/

Dkz lpòhz dèkzt|hjmko`zd` bhlmcmdhd d` `xpmcml|mzth

Eh|kehz

,Dh| t|`z eh|kehz bhjmh hd`chot` } kt|hz t|`z bhjmh ht|èz,/@c zhctk d` eh|keh jkozmzt` ò |kdh| zkl|` `c zp`ck b`jbkz |kzjh jko ch jhl`wh òt|`ckz thcko`z/ Ck eèz me~k|thot` d` |`jk|dh| ò `zt` `g`|jmjmk `z xp` bh} xp` jkoz`|qh| ckz bkel|kz |`dkod`hdkz } ch lh|lh lmò `zjkodmdh9 ok kz jkotòtímz jko ~kd`| |kdh|/Zm kz `z ~kzmlc`# d`z~píz d` |kdh| ~ko`kz zkl|` ckz ~m`z zmo h}pdh d` chz ehokz/

Poh hfphdk|h

@xpmcml|mk

,Jhemoh| `|fpmdk } jko lpò ~hzk# cc`qhodk zkl|` ch jhl`wh } zmo pzh| chz ehokz# po klg`tk zúcmdk xp` ~`z` h~|krmehdheòt` po imckf|hek# bhzth poh dmzthojmh d` dm`w e`t|kz9 dh| qp`cth } |`f|`zh| hc ~potkd`~h|tmdh/ ^p`d` pzh|z` poh fk||h d` Cklhtk,

Hcfpohz ~`|zkohz jhemoho } kt|hz z` h||hzt|ho òjk|qhdhz/ »Qkzkt|kz xpí bhjímz; @z aèjmc dmztmofpm| hckz xp` jhemoho d` ckz xp` z` h||hzt|ho òjk|qhdkz/ Ckz xp` jhemoho ck bhjò `|fpmdkz# ò zp ~hzk bh}jm`|tk |mtek } ò zpz kgkz poh em|hdh mot`cmfòt`/ @c xp` z` h||hzt|h tmò` ckz bkel|kz hfhjbhdkz# chem|hdh `zt÷~mdh# jphodk jhemoh ok z` amgh ò chz jkzhz xp` bh} h zp hc|`d`dk|# zmok zkcheòt` ò `c~mzk/Jkoz`fpåkz t|`z cml|kz eèz k eòkz d`c thehøk d` ízt`# } t|hthd d` jhemoh| cc`qèodkckz ò `xpmcml|mkzkl|` qp`zt|h jhl`wh/ Zm kz hfhjbèmz ~|kotk jh`|èo ckz cml|kz hc zp`ck9 ~`|k zm jhemoèmz jko ckz bkel|kzd`|`jbkz } ch lh|lh cmf`|heòt` c`qhothdh# ~|kotk ~kd|ímz |mqhcmwh| jko po epø`jk d` lh||k/Zm bhccèmz ep} dmaåjmc `zt` `g`|jmjmk# ~k|xp` tòfèmz jhl`wh d` ak|eh |h|h# òzh}hdck cc`qhodk ~p`zthqp`zt|h fk||h d` Cklhtk/

0:



Xpmwèz bh}èmz qmztk jphd|kz xp` |`~|`zòtho h ckz hfphdk|`z/ Memthdckz9 ~`|k ok t|hthodk d` cc`qh| zkl|`ch jhl`wh `c e`gk| gh||úo d` ch |`jèeh|h d` qp`zt|h ehd|`# zmok jko hcfk xp` ok z` |ke~h zm jh` hczp`ck/

\kdh| `c h|k

Hcfpokz epjbhjbkz j|`ò xp` |kdh| po h|k `z poh jkzh ep} moahotmc9 zmo èlh|fk/ òz`øh poh ~k|jmúod` jkzhz d` ptmcmdhd/ Bh} xp` jkoz`|qh|z` zkl|` ch ~poth d` ckz ~m`z hc jk||`|# cmztkz ~h|h `zjhlpccm|z` d`po chdk h kt|k9 bh} xp` tò`| lpòh qmzth } xp` ~`fh| hc h|k jko helhz ehokz/ Ch e`gk| eho`|h d`~|hjtmjh| `zt` `g`|jmjmk `z jkckjh| jm`|tk o÷e`|k d` klztèjpckz ò qp`zt|k jhemok# } fpmh| qp`zt|k h|k jkoz`fp|mdhd hc|`d`dk| } ò e`dmk d` `cckz "zmo tkjh| pok zkck-/ Jphodk }h ~kdèmz bhj`|ck hzå# òtkoj`zxp`||è d`jm| xp` qp`zt|hz ehokz `ztèo hdm`zt|hdhz h kl`d`j`| h qp`zt|k j`|`l|k/

L|mojh|

,L|mojh| ò po zkck ~m` po t|hek d` pokz <> e`t|kz d`zj|mlmòdk poh amfp|h d` kjbk/ Pzh| jhdh ~m` ~h|hch emthd d` ch dmzthojmh/,L|mojh|# `z jp`ztmúo d` ~|èjtmjh9 t|hthd d` l|mojh| jkek po hq`# opojh jkek po `càhot`/ ^h|h `ztkd`l`|ímz l|mojh| zkl|` chz ~pothz d` ckz ~m`z } ok zkl|` ckz ~m`z ~chok/ @zt` `g`|jmjmk òz`øh h jkoz`|qh| `c `xpmcml|mk# }# ~k| thotk# bh} xp` òzh}h|z` h l|mojh| d`zj|mlmòdk ch amfp|h d` po kjbk9 zkl|` ch

mwxpm`|dh jphodk z` dh ~h|h `c chdk jkot|h|mk/

Chowh| poh ~`ckth

,Chowh| ch ~`ckth# ~|me`|k jko ch ehok d`|`jbh } d`z~píz jko ch mwxpm`|dh# d` thc eho`|h xp` po Cklhtkh dm`w e`t|kz d` dmzthojmh ch ht|h~` jpht|k q`j`z d` z`mz tm|hdhz/ Ht|h~h| poh ~`ckth pzhodk poh k chzdkz ehokz/,@c hqòth| } jkf`| poh ~`ckth `z thelmío jp`ztmúo d` ~|èjtmjh } d` tò`| lpòh qmzth/ ^|hjtmjhd epjbk `chjtk d` hqòth| ch ~`ckth jko ch ehok mwxpm`|dh# ~p`z ~|klhlcèòt` òjkot|h|ímz xp` `z ep} aèjmcbhj`|ck jko ch ehok d`|`jbh/Ch |hwúo ~k| ch jphc ch ~|p`lh `rmf` xp` z` hqmòt` jko helhz ehokz# `z ~k|xp` helhz ehokz d`l`|èo`g`|jmth|z` mfphceòt`# } xp` ok z` d`zh||kcc` eèz po chdk xp` kt|k d` qp`zt|k jp`|~k# jkek zpj`d`|åhjko `c pzk `rjcpzmqk d` ch d`|`jbh/ Jphodk t|htímz d` jkf`| ch ~`ckth# ~ko`d chz ehokz ò ak|eh d` thwh

} jphodk ch ~`ckth cc`fp` h `cchz `jbhdchz po ~kxpmtk ht|èz# hc emzek tmè~k xp` ch tkeèmz ò `cchzap`|tèòt`/ Zm `rtòdímz chz ehokz òt`|heòt` hlm`|thz# ch ~`ckth |`lkth|è jkot|h `cchz# } zm chz ~koímzz`~h|hdhz# ~hzh|è òt|` `cchz zmo xp` ch ~kdèmz jkf`|/ Amghkz ò ch ~`ckth d`zd` `c ekeòtk ò xp` zhc`d` chz ehokz d`c xp` ch hqmòth# } ekq`kz bhjmh `c cpfh| h dkod` jhcjpcímz xp` qh h jh`|/ Ok kz xp`dímz~h|hdkz `z~`|hodk xp` `c kt|k bhfh tkdk `c t|hlhgk ~k| qkzkt|kz/ Ch ~|p`lh ~h|h ch ^|me`|h @zt|`cch `zhqòth| ch ~`ckth ~|me`|k jko ch ehok d`|`jbh } d`z~píz jko ch mwxpm`|dh h po jke~hø`|k xp` z`òjpòt|` h dm`w e`t|kz d` dmzthojmh d` qkzkt|kz# d` thc eho`|h# xp` íc ch jkgh jpht|k q`j`z ò z`mztm|hdhz/ @o tp|ok# qkzkt|kz d`l`|ímz jkf`| ch ~`ckth xp` kz z`h chowhdh h poh dmzthojmh d` dm`w e`t|kz#thelmío jpht|k q`j`z ò z`mz tm|hdhz# jko jphcxpm`| ehok/ Tkdk `ztk kz h}pdh|è h jkoq`|tm|kz òbkel|`z ap`|t`z } zhokz9 ~`|k ok kcqmdímz chz kt|hz jkzhz xp` thelmío kz h}pdh|èo7 tkeh| zpamjmòt`zhcmeòtkz zhokz "zmo jke`| dèhzmhdk# ~p`z `ztk zkcheòt` òqòòh|è qp`zt|h zhof|`-9 `qhjph| dmh|mheòt` } d` poh eho`|h |`fpch|# ~h|h cme~mh| qp`zt|k jp`|~k d` zpzthojmhz qòòkzhz9 |`z~m|h| òjhotmdhd hm|` cme~mk# bhjmíodkck ~|kapodheòt`# } jkoz`|qhodk qp`zt|hz qòthohz hlm`|thz d` thc eho`|hxp` `c hm|` z` |òp`q` jkozthotèòt` ò `c jph|tk dkod` qmqåz k dk|eåz/@zthz jkzhz chz tòímz xp` ~|hjtmjh| qkzkt|kz emzekz9 ohdm` ~p`d` bhj`|ck ~k| qkzkt|kz9 d`~òd`# ~p`z#d` qkzkt|kz emzekz# `c bhj`|kz f|hod`z# ap`|t`z } zhokz# k ~`|eho`j`| ~`xp`økz } òd`lc`z/»^kdímz |`jk|dh| hbk|h chz jpht|k jkzhz xp` tòímz xp` bhj`|;

04



»Jpèc`z zko `cchz;Hcmeòtkz zhokz/@qhjph| dmh|mheòt`/Hm|` op`qk/@g`|jmjmk jk|~k|hc/

Jphodk t|htímz d` jkf`| ch~`ckth# ~ko`d chz ehokz ò

ak|eh d` thwh/

\`z~m|h| ~k| ch oh|mw

,Zhl`| ~k| xpí bh} xp` |`z~m|h| ~k| ch oh|mw ,Bhl|ímz okthdk xp` b` dmjbk# hc bhlch| d` ch |`z~m|hjmúo# xp` d`l`|ímz hz~m|h| ~k| ch oh|mw/»^k| xpí ok ~k| ch lkjh; ^k| `zth |hwúo7 qp`zt|h fh|fhoth# ò ch ~h|t` d` ht|èz d` qp`zt|h lkjh# `z ep}d`cmjhdh } ~|k~òzh h ~`zjh| |`za|åkz k moachehjmko`z# } zm |`z~m|èmz ~k| ch lkjh# `c hm|` ~`fh d` fkc~` ò`cch } ~p`d` jhpzh|c` po |`za|åk9 zm ~k| ck jkot|h|mk# |`z~m|èmz ~k| ch oh|mw# `c hm|` z` òtmlmh hc ~hzh| ~k| `cch} cc`fh h ch fh|fhoth# jkek zm dmgí|hekz ~k| ch ~p`|th t|hz`|h# }h ep} qhcòjmhok/^`|k hpo bh} kt|h |hwúo ~k| ch jphc z` d`l`|è |`z~m|h| ~k| ch oh|mw/

@o `c hm|` acktho pohz ~`xp`øhz l`ztmhz cchehdhz fí|eò`z/ Zko tho ~`xp`øhz xp` `z me~kzmlc` q`|chz hch zme~c` qmzth9 ~`|k jko po ~ktòt` qmd|mk d` hpeòtk zå z` chz ~p`d` q`|/Zko j|mhtp|hz ~`xp`øåzmehz# |`tk|jmdhz# zpeheòt` ~`cmf|kzhz zm z` mot|kdpjò ò qp`zt|k jp`|~k# ò `cjphc ~p`dò jhpzh| òa`|e`dhd`z d` dmq`|zhz jchz`z/Zm |`z~m|èmz jko ch lkjh hlm`|th# ep} ~|klhlcèòt` d`gh|ímz ~hzh| hcfpohz d` `cchz ~k| qp`zt|h fh|fhothbhzth `c `ztúehfk# dkod` ~p`dò jhpzh| f|hod`z dhøkz/ Zm ~k| `c jkot|h|mk# |`z~m|èmz ~k| ch oh|mw# `cchzz`|èo ht|h~hdhz ~k| ch z`j|`jmúo xp` bh} ò qp`zt|hz akzhz ohzhc`z# } qkcq`|èo h z`| h||kghdhz jphodkkz zkoímz/Jphodk bhfèmz po t|hlhgk dp|k# zm jkoz`|qèmz ch lkjh hlm`|th# ~|kotk z` z`jh|è qp`zt|h fh|fhoth }tòd|ímz z`d# ck xp` ok kz hjkot`j`|è zm |`z~m|èmz ~k| ch oh|mw/Z` kz bh dhdk ch lkjh ~h|h jke`|# ch oh|mw ~h|h |`z~m|h|/ »^k| xpí ok pzh|chz ~h|h ck xp` z` kz bhodhdk; Ckz modmkz ~m`c |kgh d` Ok|t`heí|mjh òz`øhlho h zpz omøkz h |`z~m|h| ~k| ch oh|mw heh||èodkc`z chlkjh d` dåh } d` okjb`/ Ch |hwúo xp` `cckz tòåho ~h|h bhj`| `ztk `z xp` z` `qmt` `c xp` |koxpò# ck xp`zúck bhjò chz ~`|zkohz xp` dp`|eò jko ch lkjh hlm`|th/ ] |kojh| ò po cpfh| |kd`hdk d` òèmfkz# `zhcfk ep} ~`cmf|kzk ~h|h qkzkt|kz# ~p`z aèjmceòt` dh|åho ò `c cpfh| dkod` kz òjkot|èmz dp|emòdk# } kz~p`dò h~pøhch|/

Chz pøhz

,Zhl`| ~k| xpí } júek bh} xp` tò`| hz`hdhz chz ehokz } chz pøhz cme~mhz } jk|thdhz///,@o `c `gí|jmtk gh~koíz dkod`# jkek kz b` dmjbk# ckz zkcdhdkz zko zmè~|` ep} cme~mkz# tmòò k|dò d`chqh|z` chz ehokz hot`z d` jhdh jkemdh } ò omof÷o tmè~k ~p`dò tò`| zpjmhz chz pøhz/ Bh} chj|`òjmh d` xp` `zth jkztpel|` bh `qmthdk epjbhz òa`|e`dhd`z òt|` ckz zkcdhdkz/ Ch |hwúo ~h|h `cck`z xp` `ztkz ~`xp`økz fí|eò`z qòòkzkz xp` acktho ò `c hm|`# qmqò ò ch zpjm`dhd } tmòò epjbhz~|klhlmcmdhd`z d` cc`fh| h qp`zt|hz ehokz } `zjkod`|z` ò qp`zt|hz pøhz# ~k| ck thotk d`l`|ímz tò`| epjbk jpmdhdk d` jkoz`|qh|chz cme~mhz# `zòjmhceòt` hot`z d` tkeh| qp`zt|kz hcmeòtkz/ Chz pøhz#thotk d` ckz d`dkz d` chz ehokz jkek chz d` ckz ~m`z# d`l`|åho jkoz`|qh|z` |`jk|thdhz# jko tmg`|hz#hd`jphdheòt`/ Jko a|`jpòjmh hcfpohz ~`|zkohz zpa|ò dkck|`z k|mfmohdkz ~k| ch pøh d`c d`dk fk|dkd`c ~m` xp` j|`j` jkot|h `c d`dk d` hc chdk/ Ch jhpzh d` `ztk `z fò`|hceòt` `c d`gh| j|`j`| dèhzmhdk`zth pøh# ch jphc# ~k| ch ~|`zmúo d`c wh~htk# z` q` klcmfhdh h j|`j`| cht`|hceòt`# mot|kdpjmíodkz` ò `cd`dk/ Qkzkt|kz d`l`|ímz tò`| epjbk jpmdhdk d` jk|th|kz chz pøhz d` ckz ~m`z jko a|`jpòjmh# poh q`w hch zèhoh k# ~k| ck eòkz# jhdh dm`w dåhz9 jk|thdchz h `zjphd|h# h ch k|mcch d`c d`dk# ok ò ak|eh jp|qh# }jko tmg`|hz lmò hamchdhz/Chz pøhz d` chz ehokz d`l`|ímz jk|th|chz thelmío poh q`w h ch zèhoh# ~h|h jkoz`|qh|chz ò lpòk|dò/ Kz chz ~kdímz jk|th| ò jp|qh# zmfpmòdk ch ak|eh d`c d`dk# ~h|h `qmth| xp` chz `zxpmohz z` htk|ò} z` |ke~ho/@c jke`|z` chz pøhz kz ~`|gpdmjh zkl|èho`|h/

00



Ckz dmòt`z

,Zhl`| ~k| xpí } júek bh} xp` tò`| ckz dmòt`z cme~mkz,Jm`|tk bkel|` z` cc`fú hc kamjmhc d` fph|dmh ~h|h mozj|mlm|z` ò `c `gí|jmtk# } bhlmíodkck `rhemohdk `ckamjmhc jko |`z~`jtk h zp ap`|wh# `zthtp|h } qmzth# c` klz`|qú d`z~píz zpz dmòt`z } c` dmgk7 ,@z pzt`d pobkel|` f|hod` } ap`|t`9 ~`|k ok ~p`d` mozj|mlm|z` ò `c `gí|jmtk# ~k|xp` zpz dmòt`z zko dà`jtpkzkz/,

@c jhe~`zmok ahl|mjh po j`~mcck d`dmòt`z zòjmcck# d`zaml|hodk ch~poth d` poh qh|h z`jh d` 80jòtåe`t|kz d` ch|fk

] `c bkel|` zhcmú d` hccå ep} zk|~|òdmdk# dmjmòdk h zpz hemfkz xp` hjtphceòt` ckz zkcdhdkz okd`l`|èo z`| lpòkz zkcheòt` ~h|h ehth| hc òèmfk# zmok thelmío ~h|h jkeí|z`ck/ Ch q`|dhd `z xp`po zkcdhdk ok zm|q` zm ok ~p`d`# ò jhzk d` o`j`zmdhd# ehztmjh| ~ho } jh|o` dp|hz/Emòt|hz poh ~`|zkoh ok ehztmxp` lmò zpz hcmeòtkz# hc cc`fh| íztkz hc `ztúehfk# ch ~h|t` hzmemchlc` d``cckz ok zhcd|è ~h|h m| h ch zhof|`# ck xp` }h kz b` dmjbk xp` `z o`j`zh|mk ~h|h ch zhcpd9 hzå# ~p`z#jkoz`|qhd qp`zt|kz dmòt`z zhokz } ap`|t`z/Ok bh} ~h|t` d`c jp`|~k xp` ckz fí|eò`z qòòkzkz hthxpò eèz xp` ckz dmòt`z/ Z` mot|kdpjò ò zpzmot`|ztmjmkz } ckz ~`|ak|ho# t|h}òdk jkek jkoz`jpòjmh `z` dkck| t|èòdk xp` z` ccheh dkck| dèp`chz9 } ckz dmòt`z z` ~mjho } bh} xp` zhjh|ckz# ck xp` t|h` ~k| jkoz`jpòjmh xp` }h ok z` ~p`dhoehztmjh| ckz hcmeòtkz jko àmjhjmh/^`|k tkdk `ztk kz ck ~kdímz `qmth| zm kz tkeèmz `c t|hlhgk d` cme~mh| qp`zt|kz dmòt`z d` eho`|h hd`jphdh#j`~mccèodkckz } ògphfèodkckz bhzth bhj`| zhcm| `ztkz fí|eò`z d` qp`zt|h lkjh/Ck ~|me`|k xp` bh} xp` tò`| `z po j`~mcck d` dmòt`z } ~hzth k ~kcqk dòthc/

Ck xp` ok bh} xp` kcqmdh| `z pzh|ck tkdhz chz ehøhohz } tkdhz chz okjb`z# } thelmío# zm `z ~kzmlc`#d`z~píz d` ch jkemdh d` e`dmk dåh/Bhj`d fp`||h h `ztkz fí|eò`z jko `c j`~mcck# bhzth jkoz`fpm| h||kgh|ckz ap`|h d` zpz `zjkodmt`z# òt|`ckz dmòt`z } d`t|èz d` `cckz# } cp`fk jko lpjb`z hlpodhot`z d` hfph h||kghdckz ap`|h d` ch lkjh ~h|h okdh|c`z k~k|tpomdhd d` xp` ~`|ak|ò } d`zt|p}ho chz ep`chz/@o chz z`cqhz qå|fò`z d`c Ha|mjh ok `rmztò chz d|kfp`|åhz# }# zmo èlh|fk# ckz ohtp|hc`z tmòò`z~cíodmdhz dòthdp|hz xp` jkoz`|qho cme~mhz h ap`|wh d` j`~mcch|z` d`z~píz d` jhdh jkemdh jkoj`~mcckz b`jbkz d` ~`xp`økz t|kwkz d` ehd`|h/ Tkeho po ~`xp`øk ~hck } ck fkc~`ho ò poh d` zpz~pothz jko po eh|tmcck bhzth xp` xp`dh zè`ghot` h poh l|kjbh ~h|h ~moth|/

Ckz ~m`z

,Zhl`| ~k| xpí } júek bh} xp` tò`| hz`hdkz ckz ~m`z///,

Qp`zt|kz ~m`z tmòò eèz t|hlhgk xp` `c |`ztk d` qp`zt|k jp`|~k# hdèèz# òj`||hdkz dòt|k d` ckzjhcj`tmo`z } ckz wh~htkz dp|hot` tkdk `c dåh# o`j`zmtho z`| chqhdkz jko eèz a|`jpòjmh/Ok ~kd|ímz jhemoh| epjbk zm qp`zt|kz ~m`z ck |`zmòtò/ Ckz ~m`z z` he~kccho jko ahjmcmdhd ~k|xp` z` c`zd`gh bpe`d`j`| jko ch t|hoz~m|hjmúo# ch xp` ekgh# hdèèz# ckz jhcj`tmo`z9 `ztk |`lchod`j` ch ~m`c } dhcpfh| h xp` z` ak|eò he~kcchz } xp`d` ch jh|o` qmqh/Thc jkzh ~p`d` `qmth|z` xpmtèodkz` ckz wh~htkz } d`ghodk xp` ckz jhcj`tmo`z } ckz ~m`z z` z`xpò } xp`ch ~m`c ok z` |`lchod`wjh/^h|h `qmth| chz f|m`thz# `z lpòk `z~kcqk|`h|z` thcjk k f|hzh ò ckz ~m`z hot`z d` ~ko`|z` ckz jhcj`tmo`z/

He~kcchz/% Zm z` kz he~kccho ckz ~m`z# d`l`|ímz ~ko`| jpmdhdk ò `cck } aèjmceòt` zhoh|ímz9 ~`|k zm kzd`zjpmdèmz chz he~kcchz# ch ~m`c z` d`z~|òd` } z` bhj` poh b`|mdh/

01



B` hxpå `c t|hthemòtk ~h|h chz he~kcchz/ Tkehd poh hfpgh } ache`hdch ò ch ccheh d` po j`|mcck ~h|hd`zmoa`jth|ch/ Poh q`w xp` `ztí a|åh# ~mjhd jko `cch ch he~kcch ~k| po chdk } jke~|memd ch ~m`c jkot|h chhfpgh ~h|h `r~|mem| tkdh `c hfph xp` jkotòfh ch he~kcch/Lkthz/% Chz he~kcchz fò`|hceòt` ~|kqmòò d` xp` chz lkthz zko dèhzmhdk f|hod`z# } ckz ~m`z z`

gp`fho dòt|k d` `cchz/ Bh} dkz e`dmkz d` |è`dmh| `ztk/

Zm heh||èmz qp`zt|hz lkthzeèz hgpzthdhz h qp`zt|kz~m`z jko poh jk||`h jkekízth# `qmth|ímz ch ekc`ztmh d`chz he~kcchz

Pok `z pzh| jhcj`tmo`z eèz f|p`zkz7 k dkz ~h|`z d` `cckz/ @c kt|k `z# hth| ckz wh~htkz ap`|tèòt` h ckz

~m`z ~k| e`dmk d` poh jk||`h# ~hzèodkch d`lhgk d` ch zp`ch# j|pwèodkch h||mlh d`c è~`mo` } d`z~pízhc|`d`dk| d`c tklmcck# dkod` z` heh||h jkek z` q` ò `c f|hlhdk/Ok pzímz the~kjk lkthz dèhzmhdk h~|`thdhz# ~p`z jko `cchz gheèz ~kd|ímz jhemoh| c`gkz/ }h xp`qp`zt|kz ~m`z z` moacheh|èo jko `c epjbk hodh|# } bh} xp` z`| mot`cmfòt`z ~h|h d`gh|c`z `z~hjmkzpamjmòt` ~h|h `cck/Zhlmòdk `zthz jkzhz } cc`qèodkchz hc jhlk# ~kdímz kltò`| q`|dhd`|k ~chj`| ò qp`zt|kz ~hz`kz h ~m`/

Gp`fk7

@C J@^MCCK D@ DM@OT@Z ] CKZ FÍ\E@O@Z/

Z` ak|eho ckz Cklhtkz ò jå|jpck } z` tkeho d` chz ehokz jko ckz l|hwkz tkthceòt` `rtòdmdkz/ poCklhtk# ò `c jòt|k# `z `c j`~mcck d` dmòt`z# } po Cklhtk ap`|h d`c jå|jpck `z `c f`|eò# `c klg`tk d`c

gp`fk `z xp` `c j`~mcck d` dmòt`z ht|h~` hc f`|eò/ Ckz Cklhtkz ~p`dò `ztk|lh| ch òt|hdh ò `c jå|jpck} ch zhcmdh d` íc hc f`|eò# lhghodk zpz ehokz } hj`|jèodkz` pokz h kt|kz9 ~`|k `c j`~mcck d` dmòt`ztmò` cml`|thd d` òt|h| ò `c jå|jpck } zhcm| d` íc jkek c` ~h|`wjh/

Jkokj`| ch bk|h d`c |`ckg

,D`jm| ch bk|h ~k| `c |`ckg ,@o ch hotmfó`dhd# jphodk ch eh}k| ~h|t` d`c tmè~k tòåh xp` d`dmjh|ck `c bkel|` h jhwh|# ehth| } jke`| zpz hcmeòtkz# } d`zjhozh| d`z~píz d`c t|hlhgk xp` `ztk dèhodhlh# ok tòåh o`j`zmdhd d` zhl`| chbk|h `rhjth d`c dåh k d` ch okjb`/^`|k hbk|h# xp` ch fòt` tmò` dèhzmhdhz jkzhz xp` bhj`|# `z o`j`zh|mk zhl`| `c tmè~k jko z`fpodkzd` ~|`jmzmúo/@o ch `zjp`ch bhlímz h~|òdmdk xp` 1> z`fpodkz bhjò po emoptk# 1> emoptkz bhjò poh bk|h } <4

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06



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02



DÍJMEH D@OT@CCHDH

Z`øhchjmúo % Z`fpodh @zt|`cch

]H T@OÍMZ PO KGK HLM@\TK } `ztèmz ~|`~h|hdkz ~h|h |`jmlm| hcfpoh cpw ~k| `c kt|k/ ]h zkmz eèzf|hod`z } eèz ap`|t`z } ~kdímz z`| po ~kjk eèz cmztkz# ~k| thotk# chz jkzhz xp` hbk|h tòd|ímz xp` bhj`| z`|èo thelmío po ~kjk eèz dmaåjmc`z/ @ztk kz ~|kdpjm|è eh}k| zhtmzahjjmúo jphodk chz bh}èmz h~|òdmdk }

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Zèèak|k

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H/% HZOK G/% GPHO Z/% ZKC

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Zko aèjmc`z d` h~|òd`| } chz ~`|zkohz xp` ok jkokjò d` z`øhc`z ok òtmòdò ck xp` qkzkt|kz bhlcèmz/Zm ~k| `gè~ck `ztèmz d`c`t|`hodk E`zh dm|ímz7 ,E`z%@jk%Zkc%Hzok, } ^`|k7 ,^hjk%@jk%\åk%Kzh,/Hot`z d` ~|`kjp~h|okz ~k| òqmh| poh c`t|h k poh ~hchl|h# h~|òd`d h ~h|h|kz jk||`jtheòt`/

0=

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Se

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Semaforo

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Se

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Semaforo



8· ^h|hkz am|eèòt`# jko ckz ~m`z po ~kxpmtk z`~h|hdkz# } a|òt` hc |`jmlmdk|/

<· Zm pzèmz lhod`|hz zkztòd|ímz chz hzthz d` `cchz jko `c åodmj` h ck ch|fk d` ch lhod`|h } `c ~hck h ckch|fk d` qp`zt|k l|hwk/

:· Jkoz`|qhd |åfmdkz qp`zt|kz l|hwkz9 ok ckz ac`rmkoímz# om ekqèmz `c ~hck d` po chdk ~h|h kt|k/

4· Jkokj`d lmò chz zm`t` dma`|òt`z ~kzmjmko`z ò xp` ~p`d` pzh|z` poh zkch lhod`|h# } bhj`d ckzekqmemòtkz jk||`jtheòt`# jko hdèèo qmqk/

0· Hc ~|hjtmjh| ckz ekqmemòtkz d`zj|mlmd zmè~| ckz jå|jpckz ò c emzek zòtmdk xp` chz eho`jmcchz d`c|`ckg/

D`zd` po ~|mojm~mkhjkztpel|èkz h bhj`| jhdh c`t|h jkek z` d`l`

Hbk|h# }h bhlímz h~|òdmdk h bhj`| z`øhc`z9 ~k| thotk bh cc`fhdk `c tmè~k d` xp` h~|òdèmz `c hcahl`tkd` Zèèak|k/ @ztk zmfomamjh xp` bh|ímz jphotk `ztí d` qp`zt|h ~h|t` ~h|h ckf|h|ck# ~komòdk ò `cckqp`zt|kz jmojk zòtmdkz/

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d`c jå|jpck9 }h qòd|è eèz th|d`/ ^|hjtmjhd jkekck bmjmzt`mz jko H%F } cp`fk ~hzhd hd`chot`/T`|j`| jå|jpck %K h Z%/ Bhj`d xp` qp`zt|k l|hwkd |`jbk ~`|eho`wjh ò ch ~kzmjmúo d` Lem ot|hz `c mwxpm |dk d`zj|ml` `c jm|jpck/^|kj`d`|ímz jkek zmfp` ekqmòdk còtheòt`qp`zt|h ehok d`|`jbh "jkek ch eho`jmcch~`xp`øh d` po |`ckg- } d` ~|mzh ch mwxpm`|dh"jkek ch eho`jmcch f|hod`-/ @ztk `z ep}zòjmcck bhzth cc fh| h ch c t|h P d c jph|tkjå|jpck7 jko ch P chz dmamjpcthd`z jkemòwho/ Hbåbh} xp` ~òzh| } ok jkotmoph| h jm`fhz# jkekpo lk||`fk/ D`z~píz d` ch P# ò q`w d` ch Q#

jkek d`lm`|h z`|# qmò` ch ] "¨Zúck Dmkz zhl`~k| xpí(-/ ] jko `ztk ~|mojm~mh `c 0· jå|jpckzm odk `zt` zmfok , c zmfok d` o÷e |kz,"zmfomamjh xp` qhmz h t|hzemtm| o÷e`|kz-/ Cp`fk G"xp` zmfomamjh thelmío zmfok d` hcahl`tk-9 cp`fkchz c`t|hz Q# V# R# W xp` zmfpò zmo dmamjpcthd }jkoztmtp}ò `c 1· } 6· jå|jpckz/ Ok d`z`k xp`qkzkt|kz t|hzemtèmz o÷e`|kz zmok bhzth xp`z`èmz }h Zjkptz9 ~`|k lmò ~kdímz h~| od`| hbk|h ckz zmfokz d` o÷e |kz } d` hcahl tkjkotòmdkz ò `c 0· jå|jpck/

Poh q`w xp` jkokwjèmz `c hcahl`tk } júek z` bhjò chz c`t|hz# ck ÷omjk xp` kz ahcth `z ch ~|èjtmjh/ Ok z`

|`xpm`|` d` qkzkt|kz xp` t|hzemtèmz a|hz`z ch|fhz } chz òqmímz h ch|fhz dmzthojmhz } jko q`ckjmdhd#zkcheòt` z` |`xpm`|` xp` jkokwjèmz `c hcahl`tk |`hceòt` lmò# } xp` c`èmz } t|hzemtèmz ~hchl|hzzòjmcchz# d`z~hjmk/ ^`|k d`l`|ímz |`jk|dh| xp` hot`z d` epjbk z`|ímz Zjkptz } xp` òtkoj`z zå z` `rmfèpjbk eèz d` qkzkt|kz ò `zth eht`|mh/ ^k| thotk# ~|hjtmjhd zmè~|` } bhj`d jphotk ~kdèmz ~h|h|`jk|dh| tkdhz chz c`t|hz/Poh tkot`|åh xp` ckz Cklhtkz bhjò jko a|`jpòjmh# jphodk `ztèo òqmhodk z`øhc`z# } xp` bhj`me~kzmlc` ~kd`| c``| zp eòzhg`# `z ekq`| jkotmopheòt` zpz l|hwkz emòt|hz ~mòzho ò ch zmfpmòt`c`t|h xp` qho h ehodh|/ Zm qkzkt|kz hjhlèmz d` ehodh| ch ^ } ch zmfpmòt` c`t|h `z ch C# ok ekqèmz ckzl|hwkz jkek zm ap`|ho ekcmokz d` qmòtk# emòt|hz ckjhcmwèmz dúod` d`l`|ímz tò`|ckz ~h|h ak|eh| ch C/Jkoz`|qhdckz xpm`tkz ò ch ^/ Bhzth xp` |`jk|dímz júek z` bhj` ch C# } òtkoj`z# jko tkdh jhceh/ ~`|kò ak|eh qmqh# ak|ehd `zth c`t|h/ @c |`jmlmdk| ok tkeh|è h ehc `zth ~hpzh b`jbh emòt|hz ~òzèmz9 ~k| `c

18



jkot|h|mk# c` z`|è me~kzmlc` zhl`| xpí xpmzmzt`mz d`jm| zm jkoz`|qèmz ò jkotmopk ekqmemòtk qp`zt|kzl|hwkz/Jphodk }h ~kdèmz òqmh| ~hchl|hz |`jk|dhd ck zmfpmòt`7 hc amohc d` jhdh ~hchl|h lhghd chz lhod`|hz jkopo ekqmemòtk |è~mdk h ch ~kzmjmúo d` cmztk ~h|h |`jmlm|9 k z`h j|pwhdhz a|òt` h qkzkt|kz9 ~`|k ok chzcc`qímz h `zh ~kzmjmúo d`z~píz d` jhdh c`t|h9 `zthkz xpm`tkz } bhj`d poh ~hpzh# ~k| po ekeòtk#d`z~píz d` jhdh c`t|h hot`z d` jkotmoph|/

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^potkz7 \h}hz7

K~p`zthz7

@e~h|`dhdhz7

C`t|hz xp` ok tmòò k~p`zthz7

Jphodk ~kdèmz }h ak|eh| c`t|hz# ~kd|ímz thelmío ak|eh| ~hchl|hz9 |`jk|dhd xp` hc amohc d` jhdh c`t|hd`l`|ímz bhj`| poh ~hpzh d` mfphc ckofmtpd xp` poh cåo`h/ B` hxpå poh ~hchl|h ò Ek|z`7 ,%// "~hpzh- //"~hpzh- /% "~hpzh-,# ch ~hchl|h `z ,Dåh,/ Jkotmophd ~|hjtmjhodk ~hchl|hz bhzth xp` kz hjkztpel|ímz lmò ht|hzemtm|chz } thelmío h t|hzemtm| jko fpmøkz d` kgkz "òqmhodk cåo`hz jko `c kgk d`|`jbk } ~potkz jko `ckgk mwxpm`|dk- k zme~cèòt` h t|hzemtm|kz ~hchl|hz h qkzkt|kz emzekz ò `c còfphg` d` ~potk } |h}hjphodk qh}èmz jhemok d` ch `zjp`ch k emòt|hz `ztímz hjkzthdkz/ Kt|h jkzh ep} me~k|thot` xp` bh} xp`|`jk|dh|# jphcxpm`|h xp` z`h `c zmztèh ~k| `c jphc `ztèmz t|hzemtmòdk# `z òqmh| poh c`t|h d` eho`|hjkotmophdh# d`zd` zp ~|mojm~mk bhzth zp amo/ Zm kz d`tòímz h ch emthd# ch ~`|zkoh xp` `ztè |`jmlmòdk~òzh|è xp` bhlímz t|hthdk d` t|hzemtm| dkz c`t|hz dma`|òt`z9 ~k| `gè~ck# zm t|hzemtåz ch c`t|h J# "xp` z`

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jke~ko` d` %/%/- } jkozt|påz ch emthd "%/- } kz d`tòímz } t|hzemtåz cp`fk ch z`fpodh emthd "%/- ~òzh|èoxp` bhlímz xp`|mdk t|hzemtm| dkz O/ "@ztk# òt|` ckz t`c`f|hamzthz# z` ccheh ,cmfh|,-/

Z`øhc`z ~k| zkomdk

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Chz zpf`|òjmhz xp` hjhlk d` òpe`|h|kz z` |àm`|ò h hcfk xp` `z modmz~òzhlc` ~h|h xp` ~hzímzqp`zt|h ^|p`lh9 ehz ok d`gímz d` òqmh| z`øhc`z ~k|xp` }h kltpqmzt`mz qp`zt|h Mozmfomh# ~p`z bhlímz~|ke`tmdk z`fpm| ,~|hjtmjhodk,/ ^k| thotk# kz dk} ò z`fpmdh hcfpohz zpf`|òjmhz eèz# } kz `r~cmjkhcfpokz gp`fkz xp` kz h}pdh|èo h ~|hjtmjh|/

GP@FKZ ] ^\ÈJTMJHZ

@zj|mtp|hz d` zèèak|k } d` Ek|z`/

@zj|mlmd jh|thz h qp`zt|kz hemfkz# ò Zèèak|k k ò Ek|z`# }# ck xp` `z hpo e gk|# ~|hjtmjhdt|hzemtmòdk okthz xp` kz bh}ho zmdk `zj|mthz/ @c Zèèak|k z` `zj|ml` thc jkek ~p`d` z`| `ztpdmhdk ò `cjphd|k d`c Zèèak|k/ Ch cåo`h ~`|~òdmjpch| hofkzth |`~|`zòth `c Cklhtk } ch f|p`zh cht`|hc# zp l|hwk/Hzå z` q` poh ~`|zkoh jphodk `ztè t|hzemtmòdk9 ~`|k jphodk zkmz qkzkt|kz ckz xp` t|hzemtåz# `ztèmz#`rhjtheòt` h ch moq`|zh/ B` hxpå poh a|hz` jko zmfokz d` Zèèak|k/ »^kdímz c``|ch;

^kdímz `zj|mlm| `c Ek|z` jkek `ztè `zj|mtk h jkotmophjmúo# d`ghodk po ~`xp`øk `z~hjmk òt|` jhdh c`t|h }poh cåo`h d`cfhdh òt|` jhdh ~hchl|h/

Po eítkdk e`gk| `z bhj`| hcfk jkek `ztk ~h|h po ~potk } jkek `ztk ~h|h poh cåo`h/ Pomdkz

~potkz } |h}hz z` ak|eho c`t|hz# ch H z` q` hzå } ch J hzå @otkoj`z ~kd|ímz gpoth| chz c`t|hzjko poh cåo`h ~`xp`øh } jko kt|h eèz ch|fh ch ~hchl|h/ T|hthd d` c``| `zth a|hz`7

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Th|g`thz Zjkptz d` Zèèak|k } Ek|z`/

Po lpò zmztèh ~h|h ~|hjtmjh| Zèèak|k `z `c d` bhj`| } pzh| poh jkc`jjmúo d` th|g`thz/ Z` o`j`zmthoq`motmjmojk ~`xp`øhz th|g`thz d` ch emthd d` poh th|g`th ~kzthc9 zm z` d`z`h z` ~p`dò jk|th| ízthz ò dkz} pzh|chz# hpo jphodk `z ~|à`|mlc` jkoz`fpm| hcfk eèz dp|k } eèz |`zlhckzk/ @o jhdh th|g`th ~mothd jkocè~mw hwpc k ~motp|h `c zmfok# ò ch emzeh ak|eh xp` z` òz`øh ò `zt` cml|k# ~h|h jhdh c`t|h d`c hcahl`tk/Zm zkmz kcqmdhdmwkz ~ko`d ò `c |`q`|zk d` ch th|g`th ch c`t|h xp` |`~|`zòth `c zmfok/ ^kdímz hdxpm|m| `zthzth|g`thz ò ch tmòdh Zjkpt d` qp`zt|h Hzkjmhjmúo/Tkehd `c gp`fk d` th|g`thz } lh|hghdchz# } jko ckz zmfokz bhjmh h||mlh# ~kdímz ~ko`| chz th|g`thz zkl|` pohe`zh dmjmòdk ò qkw hcth ch c`t|h k o÷e`|k xp` `ztè |`~|`zòthdh/ Amghkz ò ch ~|mzh jko xp` ~kdímz~hzh| tkdhz chz th|g`thz/ Jhdh q`w xp` jke`tèmz po `||k|# ok jkotímz `zh gpfhdh# zmok qkcq`d h lh|hgh| }

jkeòwhd d` op`qk/Zå jkoz`fpåz bhj`| `ztk jko |h~md`w# cc`fh|ímz h z`| ep} lpòkz ò ch c`jtp|h d`c Zèèak|k/Ch f|ho qòthgh d` `zt` zmztèh d` ~|èjtmjh `z xp`# hc q`| qkzkt|kz chz jh|thz# chz q`|ímz `rhjtheòt`#jkek z` q` h ch ~`|zkoh xp` t|hzemt`# `z d`jm|# h ch moq`|zh d` jkek z` zmòt` jphodk z` c``# } ~k| `zkz` gpwfh dmaåjmc# ~`|k `zthz th|g`thz kz h}pdh|èo h qòj`| ep} ~|kotk `zh dmamjpcthd/ Ok ~|hjtmxpímz~h|hdkz a|òt` h po `z~`gk# ~k|xp` `zk ok kz h}pdh|è h c``|/ Q`|ímz qp`zt|h amfp|h |àc`ghdh ò `c `z~`gk#~`|k moq`|tmdh# ~k| `gè~ck/ zm ak|eèmz ch c`t|h H# ~h|`j`|è xp` `c Cklhtk# ò `c `z~`gk `ztè bhjmíodkch jkoch ehok mwxpm`|dh } ok jko ch d`|`jbh } ~k| ck xp` ~h|`j`|è poh F# ò q`w d` poh H/

Kamjmoh ~kzthc d` zèèak|k/

^p`dò gpfh| `zt` gp`fk dkj` Cklhtkz/ Jhdh Cklhtk `zjkf` poh c`t|h d`c hcahl`tk/ @zth "~mothdh òthehøk f|hod` jko tmoth zkl|` poh th|g`th- z` c` ~|òd` zkl|` `c ~`jbk/ Jhdh pok `z jkckjhdk ò po

cpfh| ò `c jhe~k hlm`|tk "ch dmzthojmh h xp` d`lò xp`dh| pok d` kt|k ch z`øhch|è `c Gà` d` Ehohdh d`hjp`|dk jko ch jh~hjmdhd d` ckz Cklhtkz-/ @c Gà` d` Ehohdh `zth|è d` ~m`# ò `c jòt|k d` po f|hozèmjå|jpck ak|ehdk ~k| zpz Cklhtkz# ~h|h xp` tkdkz ckz ~p`dho q`|/ @c q` h ckz Cklhtkz jhelmèodkckzd` cpfh| "jkek ò `c gp`fk d`c ~ho } xp`zk-/ Zm t|hzemt` H } ^ xpm`|` d`jm| xp` ckz Cklhtkz xp` tòfho`zthz c`t|hz zhcd|èo d` zp cpfh| } jk||m odk kjp~h|èo pok `c cpfh| d`c kt|k/ @ztk zmfomamjh xp` tkdkz ckzCklhtkz d`l`|èo jkoz`|qh| zp qmzth amgh ò `c Gà` d` Ehohdh/ Jhdh Cklhtk tmò` jmojk qmdhz# Zmhlhodkoh zp cpfh| hot`z d` xp` zp c`t|h bh}h zmdk t|hzemtmdh# ~m`|d` poh qmdh# } zm ok ~|mojm~mh h jk||`| hot`z d` xp` `c Gà` d` Ehohdh bh}h jkothdk z`mz d`z~píz d` t|hzemtmdh zp c`t|h# thelmío ~m`|d` pohqmdh/ Hc jhlk d` po tmè~k amghdk d` hotèhok# `c Cklhtk xp` bh ~`|dmdk eòkz qmdhz z` jkozmd`|h `cqòj`dk|/ ^k| zp~p`ztk xp` `ztè ~|kbmlmdk `zt|mjtheòt` bhlch| dp|hot` `c gp`fk7 `c Gà` d` Ehohdh z`chz h||`fch|è d` thc eho`|h xp` tkdkz ckz Cklhtkz tòfho mfphc o÷e`|k d` k~k|tpomdhd`z ~h|h jhelmh| d`cpfh|/ Ok d`l`|è gpfh|z` `zt` gp`fk dp|hot` ch|fk tmè~k/ om the~kjk d`l`|èo gpfh| eèz d` 8<epjbhjbkz# ~p`z d` ck jkot|h|mk ok z` ~kd|èo t|hzemtm| zpamjmòt`z c`t|hz# } ok ~kd|è jkoz`|qh|z` `cmot`|íz/ @zt` gp`fk òz`øh h ckz Cklhtkz h c``| Zèèak|k } thelmío h ckf|h| jkojòt|hjmúo hlzkcpth }htòjmúo/ "Oút`z` xp` ch jkojòt|hjmúo ok jkoztmtp}` po `zap`|wk dèhzmhdk f|hod`# }h xp` emòt|hz ckzCklhtkz jk||ò ~h|h jhelmh| d` cpfh|# kltmòò po d`zjhozk-/ Zm ckz Z`mzò`|kz zko lpòkz ~h|ht|hzemtm| z`øhc`z z` c`z ~p`d` ~`|emtm| xp` t|hzemtho/ } òtkoj`z `c Gà` d` Ehohdh hjtph|è d` gp`w hcemzek tmè~k xp` hokth|è ckz ~potkz d` jhdh xpmò/

@r~`dmjmko`z/

@rjp|zmko`z } dåhz d` jhe~k d`l`|èo jkozmd`|h|z` jkek ehfoåamjhz k~k|tpomdhd`z ~h|h ahothz`h|# ChEhohdh z` jkoqm`|t` ò po f|p~k d` oèpa|hfkz# poh t|mlp d` ~m`c`z |kgh# poh `r~`dmjmúo d` `r~ck|hdk|`z#poh ~h|tmdh d` zkcdhdkz ò jhe~k òèmfk/ Tkdhz chz jkepomjhjmko`z òt|` ckz emèl|kz d`c f|p~k

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d`l`|èo bhj`|z` ~k| e`dmk d` z`øhc`z jko lhod`|hz# zmclhtkz# `tj/ ^h|h ~|hjtmjh| z`øhc`z d` zkomdk }ekqmemòtk# ckz Cklhtkz d`l`|èo `z~h|jm|z` ò `c jhe~k d` thc eho`|h# xp` hc dh| `c Gà` d` Ehohdh chz`øhc# ízth z`h kl`d`jmdh ~|kotheòt`/ @c Gà` d` Ehohdh klz`|qh|è jko jpmdhdk h ckz Cklhtkz ~h|h~kd`| d`jm| `c okel|` } o÷e`|k d`c xp` bh}h zmdk `c ÷ctmek ò kl`d`j`|/ Hzå `zth|èo eèz hc`|th òhd`chot`/ @z po lpò ~cho amgh| poh z`øhc d` ,|`f|`zò h zp ~p`ztk, ~h|h dh|ch d`z~píz d` xp` jhdhk|dò bh zmdk kl`d`jmdh/ "^p`d` jkozmztm| ízth ò dkz zmclmdkz hfpdkz-/

DÍJMEH ^\ME@\ D@OT@CCHDH

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@ojòd`| po ap`fk % Mojòdmk d` ekot` % H||`fck d` ch |k~hCme~m`wh d` jhcwhdk % @ot|`fh d` eòzhg`z % L|÷gpch % Hz`k

\@JK\DH\ÍMZ CH BMZTK\MH d` ckz dpòd`z# hxp`cckz lpòkz bkel| jmcckz tho ÷tmc`z ò ch jhzh xp`bhjåho `c t|hlhgk hot`z xp` ohdm` z` bplm`z` c`qhothdk9 |`jk|dh|ímz thelmío h ckz Lkffh|tz# ~`xp`økzackgkz# xp` ok bhjåho kt|h jkzh zmok jk||`| d` po chdk h kt|k bhjmòdk po |pmdk moa`|ohc } ~komòdk tkdkzpjmk } ap`|h d` zp cpfh|/Ckz Cklhtkz gheèz d`z`ho ~h|`j`|z` h ckz Lkffh|tz# ~k| `c jkot|h|mk# xpm`|ò z`| jkek ckz dpòd`z#

÷tmc`z ò zp jhzh } h zpz zè`ghot`z# `z~`jmhceòt` ÷tmc`z h zp ~hd|` } h zp ehd|`/

@ojòd`| po ap`fk

,^|`~h|h|# òjòd`| } h~hfh| poh akfhth,^h|h z`| po lpò Cklhtk po epjbhjbk d`l`|è zhl`| júek z` jkckjh ch c`øh } z` òjmòd` po ap`fk/@z epjbk eèz dmq`|tmdk òjòd`| poh akfhth ò `c jhe~k# xp` ch cpel|` ò poh jbmeò`h/ ]h hcf÷o dåh#jphodk z`èmz Zjkptz# h~|òd`|ímz h bhj`|ck jko ~|k~m`dhd/ Bhzth òtkoj`z eèz qhc` xp` d`gímz `zthth|`h h ckz Qm`gkz Cklkz jphodk zhcfèmz h `r~ck|h|/Jkckjh| ch c`øh } òjòd`| po ap`fk ò po bkfh| |`xpm`|` hcfpoh ~|èjtmjh# zm z` d`z`h xp` ízt` ~|òdhcp`fk } qmqheòt`9 ~k| thotk# ~|hjtmjhd emòt|hz z`èmz Cklhtkz/ Ck ~|me`|k xp` bh} xp` bhj`| `z cme~mh| lmò ch jbmeò`h# xpmth| ch jòmwh } zhjpdm|ch lmò/

Epjbhz ~`|zkohz d`z~`|dmjmho jkelpztmlc` tm|hodk tkdhz chz jòmwhz7 qkzkt|kz d`límz tm|h| zkcheòt` ckxp` z` jkoqm`|t` ò ~kcqk# } jkoz`|qh| ckz t|kwkz e`dmk xpèhdkz/ Chz jòmwhz e`wjchdhz jko `c op`qkjkelpztmlc` dho tkdhqåh jhck| } hbk||ho dmo`|k/B` hxpå hcfk d` ck xp` }k bhjåh ~h|h z`~h|h| chz jòmwhz mo÷tmc`z d` chz ÷tmc`z/ Zm ok tòímz poh j|mlh#pzhd poh ehcch d` hchel|` jphcxpm`|h Jko poh ~hch# ~ko`d zkl|` `cch tkdhz chz jòmwhz ~h|h xp` jhmfhò `c lkt` d` ch lhzp|h tkdk `c ~kcqk# } xp`d` zkl|` ch ehcch hxp`cck xp` ~p`d` ptmcmwh|z` tkdhqåh/Hc bhj`| ap`fk tò`d jpmdhdk d` bhj`|ck ò ch e`gk| ak|eh ~kzmlc` ~p`z zm ok ck bhjímz hzå# kz z`|è dmaåjmcòjòd`|ck# } tòd|ímz xp` |`~`tm| ch k~`|hjmúo/ Ckz ~|mojm~mhot`z fò`|hceòt` pzho epjbk ~h~`c#dèhzmhdk jh|lúo } ep} ~kjhz hztmcchz d` ehd`|h/ ^h|h jkeòwh| z` o`j`zmth ~kjh jhotmdhd#`z~`jmhceòt` d` jh|lúo# ~p`z `c ~`zk d` ízt` bhj` xp` `c ap`fk z` hbkfp`/Bhj`d ~`dhwkz po ~`|múdmjk# ò|kcchd `ztkz ~`dhwkz ò lkchz zp`cthz } ~`xp`øhz } ò tm|hlpwko`zch|fkz } zp`ctkz# ckz jphc`z jkckjh|ímz ò `c ~mzk d` ch jbmeò`h9 ~`|k tò`d jpmdhdk d` ok pzh| dèhzmhdk ~h~`c/ Jkoz`fpåkz hcfpohz tm|hz z`jhz d` ehd`|h %ch ehd`|h lchojh `z ~| a`|mlc % }jkckjhdchz òjmeh d`c ~h~`c# zmo xp` ck jke~|meho9 jkozt|pmd po è~h||mcchdk ak|ehdk jko `zthz tm|hz"jkek zm `ztpqm`|hmz jkozt|p}òdk jko thlmxp`z-# d` thc eho`|h xp` ok z` jhmfho jphodk z` ~kofh zkl|``cchz `c jh|lúo# } ~`|emtho xp` `c hm|` ~hz` òt|` `cchz jko ahjmcmdhd B`jbk ck hot`|mk|# jkckjhd ~`dhwkz~`xp`økz d` jh|lúo zkl|` `cchz# jko ch ehok } jko zpek jpmdhdk/ Ok ~kofèmz `c jh|lúo jko ~hch# kjòmwhz } jh|lúo e`dmk xpèhdkz# hc ~|mojm~mh|/ Jphodk tkdk `ztí cmztk# ~|òd`d ap`fk hc ~h~`c ò tkdk`c ~mzk d` ch jbmeò`h %pzhodk po zkck aúzak|k%/ Qmfmchd `c ap`fk bhzth xp` bh}h ~|òdmdk lmò } chehd`|h h|dh }h %ok kz |`tm|ímz ~òzhodk xp` `c |`ztk z` bh|è zúck%/ Poh q`w xp` ch ehd`|h } `c jh|lúobho jkfmdk lmò `c ap`fk# z` ~p`d` `jbh| eèz jh|lúo ~k| e`dmk d` ~hch# hzå jkek thelmío bhj`| pzk d`chz jòmwhz xp` bho xp`dhdk d` ap`fkz hot`|mk|`z/ Kjhzmko`z bhl|è ò xp` tòd|ímz xp` òjòd`| `cap`fk bhjmòdk pzk d` c`øh ekghdh# d` ~hckz qm`gkz } dp|kz# d` jh|lúo ehck } jòmwhz# } ò poh ehchjbmeò`h/ Thc jkzh `z dmaåjmc# ~`|k po Cklhtk ok z` d`gh qòj`|# B` hxpå hcfpohz zpf`|òjmhz/

11

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Encender

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Incendio

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#ropa

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#calzado

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#mensaje

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Brujula

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Pulcritud

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Encender

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Incendio

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#ropa

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#calzado

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#mensaje

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Brujula

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Pulcritud



@c chdk d` zkthqòtk d`

poh |kjh `ztè ep} lmò/

^|kjp|hkz hpoxp` z`h po ~`dhwk ~`xpòk d` ehd`|h } jkoq`|tmdck ò hztmcchz# jkek ck bhj` po Zjkptxp` t|hth d` òjòd`| po ap`fk hc hm|` cml|`/ @ojòd`d òtkoj`z po ~`xp`øk ap`fk jko `zthz hztmcchz } po~pøhdk d` ~hckz/ Jko z`fp|mdhd ckf|h|ímz òjòd`| `zt` ap`fk# hc xp` d`z~píz zúck bhl|è o`j`zmdhd d`m| hf|`fhodk ~hpchtmoheòt` kt|kz ~hckz } jh|lúo/ Po jhlk d` q`ch jkoztmtp}`# ~k| zp~p`ztk# poh h}pdh#~`|k `zk `z dèhzmhdk ~h|h po Cklhtk "jkoztmtp}` f|ho d`z~`|dmjmk } ~|kdpj` po kck| ep}

d`zhf|hdhlc`-/ Poh lpòh kjp||òjmh `z jkoz`fpm|z` ~h~`c òf|hzhdk %jkek ~k| `gè~ck# ch òqkctp|hd` ch ehot`xpmcch } d` ch eh|fh|moh%9 jko `zt` ~h~`c z` ~p`d` òjòd`| po ehfoåamjk ap`fk9 qhc` ch ~òhjkoz`|qh|ck ~h|h `c klg`tk/ @c ~h~`c qm`gk xp` bh z`|qmdk d` z`|qmcc`th ~h|h po xpmoxpí d` ~`t|úc`k } ò `cjphc bh} hcfk d` ízt` d`||hehdk/ `z ep} lpòk ~h|h `c klg`tk9 ~`|k bh} xp` tò`| jpmdhdk ~k|xp`c`qhoth epjbh acheh7 ok bh} xp` `jbh| opojh ~`t|úc`k ò `c ap`fk/

Mojòdmk ò ckz lkzxp`z

,^|`~h|h|# òjòd`| } h~hfh| poh akfhth,Tkdk Zjkpt zhl` ch me~k|thojmh xp` tmò` `c j`|jmk|h|z` d` xp` `c ap`fk xp` bh pzhdk ~h|h jkjmoh| `ztèlmò h~hfhdk# hot`z d` |`tm|h|z` d`c cpfh|/ Z` `jbh hfph h chz jòmwhz h÷o jhcmòt`z# ~h|h xp` ok bh}hjbmz~hz xp` ~|òdho ap`fk hc ~hztk xp` |kd`h `c hjhotkohemòtk/ @c ~hztk ò `c q`|hok jkoztmtp}` pof|ho ~`cmf|k# }h xp` `z dmaåjmc ~|`q`| bhzth dúod` cc`fh|è `c mojòdmk d`c emzek ò po jhe~k# poh q`w xp`

ízt` bh jkfmdk ap`|wh/Ckz qm`gkz Zjkptz tmòò epjbk jpmdhdk d` jk|th| } xpèh| lpò t|hek d` ~hztk hc|`d`dk| d`c cpfh| dkod` qho h `zthlc`j`| ch akfhth d` jhe~heòtk# ~h|h xp` jphodk ízth bh}h zmdk òjòdmdh# ok z`~|k~hfp` `c ap`fk hc ~hztk q`jmok/

@c chdk d` zkthqòtk d` po ap`fk `z kt|h jkzh

Jphodk bho t`|emohdk d` jkjmoh|# jkek qm`gkz hjhe~hdk|`z xp` zko# ~koò `z~`jmhc jpmdhdk d` hjhlh| jko `c ap`fk z`~h|hodk tkdkz ckz c`økz h e`dmk jkozpem| `jbhodk hfph zkl|` chz jòmwhz# d` thc eho`|hxp` poh jbmz~h ok qh}h h dh| ~|mojm~mk h po op`qk ap`fk/ Ckz mojòdmkz d` ~hztkz } lkzxp`z opojh zko

16



~|kqkjhdkz ~k| ckz q`|dhd`|kz Zjkptz# zmok zkcheòt` ~k| tkotkz ~m`tm`|okz/ Po h|lpztk# poh q`wòjòdmdk# hcwh f|hod`z ccheh|hdhz xp` z` ~|k~hfho h t|èòdh q`ckjmdhd# } xp`dho ò pokz jphotkzemoptkz jkoq`|tmdkz ckz hc|`d`dk|`z ò poh bk|ohwh dèhzmhdk f|hod` ~h|h ~kd`| z`| h~hfhdh ~k| pozkck bkel|`/ Bh}# hdèèz# `c ~`cmf|k d` xp` z` xpèò jkz`jbhz# h|lkc dh# |`lhøkz } |hojbkz } hpo~klchdkz } jmpdhd`z7 tkdk ck xp` `c ap`fk òjpòt|h/Ízth `z ch |hwúo ~k| ch xp` `c q`|dhd`|k bkel|` d` lkzxp` `z tho jpmdhdkzk# `z po bèlmtk jkozthot`#thotk xp` jphodk xpèh chz |hehz } chz bkghz z`jhz d` zp gh|dåo# ck bhj` ò ak|eh ~`|a`jtheòt`z`fp|h# xpmthodk hot`z tkdk hxp`cck xp` ~p`d` tkeh| ap`fk# } jphodk hjhlh d` xpèh|chz# ~mzkt`h

jpmdhdkzheòt` bhzth ch ÷ctmeh jbmz~h hot`z d` |`tm|h|z`/\`jk|dhd xp` ch tm`||h } ch h|òh zko h eòpdk tho ÷tmc`z jkek `c hfph ~h|h h~hfh| po mojòdmk/Ckz ^m`tm`|okz hc t|hth| d` h~hfh| po ap`fk jko |hehz } zhjkz xp` `z ch ak|eh jk||`jth d` bhj`|ck# jkoa|`jpòjmh ck bhjò ò ak|eh mod`lmdh# ~k| `c chdk d` zkthqòtk/ »Zhlímz ck xp` `ztk xpm`|` d`jm|;Lh|ckqòtk xpm`|` d`jm| d`c chdk d`c qmòtk# k z`h d`c chdk d` dkod` `c qmòtk zk~ch# d`c chdk hm|kzk/Zkthqòtk `z `c chdk k~p`ztk/@c chdk d` zkthqòtk d` poh jkzh k d` poh ~m`d|h# `z `c chdk lpòk ~h|h jkckjh|z` jphodk zk~ch qmòtkb`chdk9 ~`|k ò `c jhzk d` po ap`fk `z `c chdk ehck ~h|h jkckjh|z`# }h xp` `c bpek# chz cchehz } chzjbmz~hz# zko cc`qhdhz ~|`jmzheòt` bhjmh `z` chdk/Zmo èlh|fk# jko a|`jpòjmh `z `c chdk `zjkfmdk ~k| ckz ^m`tm`|okz jphodk t|htho d` h~hfh| po ap`fk/ ]kb` zhlmdk d` po epjbhjbk xp` z` xpèú z`|mheòt` ~k| bhj`| `ztk/

Júek zhcqh| h poh ~`|zkoh xp` z` `ztè xpèhodk

Zm q`mz h poh ~`|zkoh xp` `z ~|`zh d`c ap`fk# |`jk|dhd xp` ck ~|me`|k xp` bh} xp` bhj`| `z t|hth| d`jpl|m|ch |è~mdheòt` } tho h~|`thdk jkek z`h ~kzmlc` jko po zhjk# poh ehoth k poh hcakel|h/ @c ap`fkok z` ~|k~hfh zmo hm|`9 jphotk eèz hm|` tmò`# e`gk| h|d`/Zm poh ~`|zkoh jp}kz q`ztmdkz `ztèo h|dmòdk `jbh h jk||`|# `c ap`fk c`qhoth ccheh moe`dmhtheòt`/Qkzkt|kz d`l`|ímz klcmfh| h `zth ~`|zkoh h xp` z` tm|` hc zp`ck9 ch òqkcq`|ímz moe`dmhtheòt` } thoh~|`thdk jkek z`h ~kzmlc` ò poh ehoth ~h|h hjhlh| jko `c ap`fk# ` m|ímz moe`dmhth|oòt` ò lpzjh d`h}pdh/

Ok `z hf|hdhlc` `c z`| ò|kcchdk ò poh hcakel|h k th~`t` } z`| |kdhdk ~k| `c zp`ck# ~`|k `z ch ÷omjhak|eh d` zhcqh| h poh ~`|zkoh jp}hz |k~hz bho jkfmdk ap`fk/

H||`fck d` ch |k~h

,Dklch| jk||`jtheòt` chz ~|òdhz d` q`ztm|///,Ch Dmqmzh d` po Zjkpt `z ,Zmè~|` Cmztk,# xp` xpm`|` d`jm| xp` d`l` `zth| ~|`~h|hdk ~h|h jpe~cm| jko zp

d`l`| d` dåh k d` okjb`/ Ckz zkcdhdkz } ckz eh|mo`|kz# ckz lkel`|kz } ckz ~kcmjåhz# } kt|kz jkek `cckz#d`lò `zth| cmztkz h jphcxpm`| bk|h d`c dåh k d` ch okjb` }# ~k| thotk# hjkztpel|ho tò`| zp |k~h ò cpfh| } ak|eh hd`jphdkz } d` thc eho`|h# xp` ~p`dho tkeh|ch zmo dmamjpcthd hpo ò ch kzjp|mdhd } ~koí|z`ch|è~mdheòt`/Ckz Zjkptz } ckz Cklhtkz d`l`|èo bhj`| ck emzek7 tò`| jpmdhdk d` dklch|ch } jkckjh|ch ò `c k|dò òxp` z` ch qho h ~ko`|/ D`l`|ímz qkzkt|kz# d` jphodk ò jphodk zhcth| d` ch jheh } ~ko`|kz qp`zt|h |k~hò ch klzjp|mdhd# } q`|ímz jpèotk eèz |è~mdk ~kd|ímz bhj`|ck zm ch tòímz ò k|dò } cmzth# xp` zm ch tòímzò d`zk|dò } |`fhdh ~k| tkdhz ~h|t`z/Hcf÷o dåh ~kd|åh z`| `ztk ektmqk d` zhcqh| poh qmdh/Ckz eh|mo`|kz } ckz zkcdhdkz tmòò xp` fph|dh| zp |k~h ò cpfh|`z zpeheòt` |`dpjmdkz/ Po zkcdhdk#jkek qkzkt|kz zhlímz# cc`qh poh epdh d` |k~h } epjbhz kt|hz jkzhz# jkek j`~mcckz# ohqhgh d` |hzp|h|#

12



ghlúo# `tj/# ò zp ekjbmch# zkl|` zp `z~hcdh/ ^h|h bhj`| thc jkzh tmò`| xp` dklch| jhdh h|tåjpck ò ak|ehjkoqòmòt` } h~|`thdh# ~p`z d` kt|k ekdk ok c`z jhl|åh tkdk/Zm qhmz d` hjhotkohemòtk# tòd|ímz xp` bhj`| ck emzek9 z`d/ ~p`z h~tkz ~h|h dklch| } è~hjh| qp`zt|hzjkzhz ò po `z~hjmk ep} |`dpjmdk/Z`|åh me~kzmlc bhj`|ck zm qkzkt|kz ok tòímz jkztpel|` d` dklch| qp`zt|hz jkzhz ò ak|eh hd`jphdh#hzå# ~p`z# hjkztpel|hkz h bhj`|ck tkdkz ckz dåhz } ò qp`zt|h ~|k~mh jhzh/@zth jkztpel|` `z ~|kq`jbkzh hpo ~h|h ch |k~h7 zm z` fph|dh ò d`lmdh ak|eh# z` jkoz`|qh epjbk eèz }z` q` epjbk e`gk| jphodk ch t|hèkz ~p`zth/

Thelmío jphodk kz òjkot|ímz ap`|h d` qp`zt|h jhzh } d`z`ímz xp` d` `cch kz ehodò hcfk# ~kd|ímz jko~|`jmzmúo d`jm| dúod` bho d` òjkot|h| hxp`cck xp` qkzkt|kz xp`|ímz# zm jhdh jkzh z` òjpòt|h ò k|dòò qp`zt|k jph|tk/

Z`d h~tkz ~h|h è~hjh| } dklch| qp`zt|hz jkzhz

Cme~m`wh d`c jhcwhdk

,Cme~mh| } òf|hzh| po ~h| d` wh~htkz,D` mfphc eho`|h xp` e` fpzth bhj`| em jheh } fph|dh| em |k~h# e` fpzth cme~mh| em jhcwhdk/^|kdpj` f|ho zhtmzahjjmúo cc`qh| po jhcwhdk lmò ~pcmdk# jphodk ízt` `z a|ptk d` op`zt|k ~|k~mk t|hlhgk/@ztk `z tho hf|hdhlc` jkek ~pcm| jkzhz d` e`thc jko po ~kjk d` cåxpmdk cme~mhdk| } d` po ~`dhwk dà|ho`ch/ Ckz ÷tmc`z o`j`zh|mkz ~h|h cme~mh| `c jhcwhdk zko7

8/ Poh jpjbmcch qm gh ~h|h xpmth|c z `c ckdk/</ Po j`~mcck dp|k ~h|h xpmth|c`z c ~kcqk/

:/ Poh l|kjbh ~h|h ~ko`|c`z ch f|hzh/

4/ Poh jhgh d` f|hzh/

0/ Po j`~mcck zphq` ~h|h zhjh|c`z cpzt| /

1/ Po ~`dhwk d` a|ho`ch ~h|h ~pcm|ckz/

Jphodk pzímz lkthz ~h|h `c jhe~k# ck e`gk| `z cme~mh|chz# ~`|k ok ~pcm|chz7 pothdc`z f|hzh/ `z~`jmhceòt`òt|` chz jkztp|hz# jko po j`~mcck qm`gk d` dmòt`z/ Jphcxpm`| f|hzh `z lpòh ~h|h `c klg`tk7 hj`mt` kqhz`cmoh/Zm d`z`èmz jkoz`|qh| qp`zt|kz ~m`z z`jkz# ok kz kcqmdímz d` òf|hzh| thelmío chz zp`chz# hdèèz d` ckztplkz/

@ot|`fh| po eòzhg`

,Jk||`| k jhemoh| ò lmjmjc`th# cc`qhodk d` eèk|mh po eòzhg` d` xpmoj` ~hchl|hz jphodk eòkz#zmfpmòdk poh |pth d`t`|emohdh# } òt|`fh|ck jk||`jtheòt`/,@zth `z kt|h ~|p`lh d` Z`fpodh @zt|`cch/ Epjbkz epjbhjbkz ~mòzho# jphodk qho h ~hzh| `zth ~|p`lh#zkcheòt` ò ch jh||`|h# `z d`jm|# ò cc`qh| `c eòzhg` ck eèz h~|mzh ~kzmlc`# zmo ~òzh| ò `c eòzhgèmzek/Qkzkt|kz d`límz ~òzh| d` eho`|h moq`|zh9 k z`h# h~|òd`| `c eòzhg` } d`z~píz jk||`| h cc`qh|ck/

1=



^ko`d htòjmúo `z~`jmhc ò chz a|hz`z xp` ak|eho `c eòzhg`# |`~mtmíodkkzck h qkzkt|kz emzekz }|`~mtmíodkz`ck hc xp` ck òqåh/ Hz`fp|hkz d` xp` ck bhlímz tkehdk jk||`jtheòt` } d` xp` ck òtòdímz#hot`z d` ~h|tm| h cc`qh|ck7 } d`z~píz z`fpmd |`~mtmíodkck dp|hot` `c t|h}`jtk# ~h|h xp` tòfèmz ch z`fp|mdhdd` xp` ck òt|`fèmz jk||`jtheòt`/Zm ok ck bhjímz hzå# jko z`fp|mdhd ò|`dh|ímz `c eòzhg` d` thc eho`|h xp`# hpo jphodk cc`fpímz ~|me`|k#d` ohdh kz z`|qm|è# }h xp` tòd|ímz xp` |`f|`zh| h kltò`| d` op`qk `c eòzhg`/@ztk emzek z` |`xpm`| hc t|hozemtm| po eòzhg / D`límz hz`fp|h|kz d` xp` ck bhlímz |`jmlmdkjk||`jtheòt` d` ch ~`|zkoh xp` ck t|hzemtmú# hot`z d` t|hzemtm|ck qkzkt|kz h ch zmfpmòt` ~`|zkoh/

Zm pok k dkz d` qkzkt|kz# ò jhdòh d` t|hozemzmúo ~|kj`dímz zmo jpmdhdk/ `c eòzhg` dh|è ch qp`cth ep}hct`|hdk/

L|÷gpch

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xp` `ztè hap`|h z` ckz fho`/

68



DÍJMEH Z@FPODH D@OT@CCHDH

T`gmdk } t|òwhdk % Hbk||k % Ekd`ckz % Jkc`jjmko`zCml|k d` \`jp`|dkz % Lhodh d` Cklhtkz % Bmeok Ohjmkohc

T`gmdk } t|òwhdk

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http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Tejido

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http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Modelos

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Colecciones

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Libro

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http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Himno



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`zhz jkodmjmko`z jkoz`fpm| hcmeòtkz# jkz`jbho emòt|hz cpj` `c zkc/ Ehtho tkdh ch jhwh xp` ~p`dòjkoz`fpm|# òz`øho h zpz ckl`wokz h hodh| jhwhodk dåh } okjb`# h ehth| tkdkz ckz òèmfkz xp`~p`dò# } h h||hzt|h| chz ~m`whz xp` bho jhwhdk cc`qèodkchz h cpfh|`z z`fp|kz òt|` chz |kjhz/Hccå hekotkoho om`q` zkl|` ch jh|o` d`z~píz d` jkckjh|ch òt|` chz f|m`thz d` chz |kjhz# `qmthodk d` `ztheho`|h xp` z`h kcaht`hdh ~k| kt|kz homehc`z# ckz xp` qòd|åho h `zjh|lh| } h jkeí|z`ch# } hc emzektmè~k ch jkoz`|qho a|åh } |à|mf`|hdh bhzth xp` cc`fh `c tmè~k ò xp` tmòò xp` ptmcmwh|ch/Hzå d`lò kl|h| ckz epjbhjbkz Cklhtkz9 jphodk ~p`dò fhoh| dmo`|k# d`lò |`pom| ck eèz xp` c`z z`h~kzmlc`# } jkckjh|ck ò `c Lhojk ò poh Jpòth d` Hbk||kz9 ok fhzth|ck/ D`l`|èo |`jk|dh|# jkek ck bhjòckz Cklkz# xp` ~p`dò qòm| tmè~kz ehckz ò ckz xp` bh} xp` ptmcmwh| chz |`z`|qhz# } zm ck bho fph|dhdkò `zth ak|eh# `zth|èo cmztkz ~h|h bhj`| a|òt` h ckz tmè~kz dmaåjmc`z/

6:



Hot`z d` xp` qkzkt|kz kltòfèmz qp`zt|h Z`fpodh @zt|`cch# d`l`|ímz dèkzt|h| xp` bhlímz hbk||hdk ~k| ~|k~mk `zap`|wk jphodk eòkz ch zpeh xp` z` kz amg`/ Hcfpokz# jko e`gk| zp`|t`# ~kd|èo hbk||h| eèz d``zk/ Ok lhzth xp` po Cklhtk |`jp||h h zp ehd|` ~h|h xp` c` |`fhc` `c dmo`|k ~`dmdk ~k| ch ^|p`lh } hzådèkzt|h| h zp Gà xp` bh jpe~cmdk9 `z o`j`zh|mk xp` qkzkt|kz bhfèmz `zt` hbk||k d` dmo`|kjkozmfpmíodkck jko qp`zt|k ~|k~mk t|hlhgk# k ~k| ck eòkz xp` `z` dmo`|k ck bh}èmz tkehdk d`c zèhoh|mkxp` kz dho qp`zt|kz ~hd|`z# ò q`w d` jke~|h| jko íc dpcj`z p kt|hz jbpjb`|åhz/ Ck e`gk| z`|è xp``g`jptímz hcf÷o t|hlhgk ~h|h hcfpmò h amo d` hbk||h| `zh zpeh d` hccå/ @otkoj`z ~kd|ímz ~hzh| qp`zt|h^|p`lh } jkotmoph| hbk||hodk ~kjk h ~kjk/

Ekd`ckz

,Bhj`| po ekd`ck zhtmzahjtk|mk k po h|tåjpck b`jbk tkthceòt` ~k| `c Cklhtk ò ehd`|h# e`thc# jh|túo# ~hzth# lh||k# ~chztmcmoh# k hcf÷o kt|k eht`|mhc ~h|`jmdk/// Ckz ekd`ckz b`jbkz ò Eídhok k jko kt|kzeht`|mhc`z ~h|jmhceòt` jkozt|pmdkz# ok zko hdemzmlc`z/,Ok `z~`|ímz bhj`|kz |mjkz d` po fkc~`/ ^h|h bhj`| f|hod`z jkzhz z` o`j`zmth jkeòwh| ~k| bhj`| jkzhz~`xp`øhz/^h|h tò`| ~`zkz z` o`j`zmth tò`| jòthqkz# hzå jkek ~h|h z`| bkel|` f|hod` z` o`j`zmth bhl`| zmdkomøk/^h|h jkozt|pm| po lh|jk f|hod` z` o`j`zmth jkozt|pm| po ekd`ck/Ch eh}k| ~h|t` d` qkzkt|kz d`z`èmz jkozt|pm| hcfk f|hod` hcf÷o dåh# po h`|k~chok# poh jhzh# po lkt` k

poh eèxpmoh/ ^`|k `c ~|me`| ~hzk xp` bh} xp` dh| `z z`| jh~hw d` jkozt|pm| po ekd`ck/Jphodk `c f|ho ~pòt` d` ch} ap` jkozt|pmdk# z` bmwk ~|me`|k po ekd`ck d` íc# h ~`xp`øh `zjhch# } hot`zd` jkozt|pm| `c f|ho lh|jk Ehp|`thomh z` jkozt|p}ú po ekd`ck xp` ~h|`jåh po lh|jk d` gpfp`t`/Hzå# po Cklhtk xp` ~mòzh bhj`| f|hod`z jkzhz# jkozt|pm|è ~|me`|k po ekd`ck/ Zm qkzkt|kz d`z`èmzjkozt|pm| poh jhgh f|hod`# jkozt|pm|ímz ~|me`|k poh ~`xp`øh/Zm d`z`èmz jkozt|pm| poh jhzh jkeòwhd ~k| jkozt|pm| poh d` jh|túo9 thelmío ~kdímz jkozt|pm| jko lh||kpo ~`xp`øk ekd`ck d` hcf÷o jhlhcck ahekzk d` jh||`|h# k poh eèxpmoh d` bkghchth# `tj/# `tj/Hdèèz# `z d` ptmcmdhd bhj`| po dmlpgk d` `zthz jkzhz hot`z d` jkozt|pm|chz/ Tkdh ~`|zkoh ~p`d` bhj`| dmlpgkz zòjmcckz# } zm ~|hjtmjh# ~p`d` cc`fh| h bhj`|ck lhzthot` lmò/Tkdk Zjkpt d`l` zhl`| dmlpgh| po eh~h/ Z`|åh po tkotk zm ok ~pdm`|h bhj`|ck/

Jkc`jjmko`z

,///poh jkc`jjmúo ~k| ck eòkz d` kjbk dmlpgkz h jkck|`z# b`jbkz ~k| `c Cklhtk# jko cè~mw } ~motp|hz#” `c Cklhtk ~p`d` pzh| ckz zmfpmòt`z ektmqkz7 Lhod`|hz Ohjmkohc`z# homehc`z# ack|`z# `tj//# jhdh pok jko zp okel|` jch|heòt` `zj|mtk/,@ztk} z`fp|k xp` tkdk Cklhtk tmò` poh jkc`jjmúo d` hcfpoh jchz`# } zm ok ch tmò` `ztè ò qåhz d`bhj`|ch9 }h z`h ízth d` th|g`thz ~kzthc`z# d` jkojbhz# tmel|`z ~kzthc`z/ `zthe~hz d` jhg`tmcchz d`jmfh||kz# `tj/@zthz jkc`jjmko`z zko lkomthz9 ~`|k zko epjbk e`gk|`z zm `ztèo jke~p`zthz ~k| poh z`|m` d` dmlpgkzb`jbkz ~k| pok emzek/^k| `gè~ck# poh ~`|zkoh h xpmò c` fpztho chz ack|`z ~p`d` bhj`| dmlpgkz d` dma`|òt`z jchz`z d` ízthz#pzhodk cè~mj`z d` jkck|`z# ~h|h dh|c`z `c jkck|mdk/Chz ack|`z dmlpghdhz ok z` eh|jbmtho jkek chz q`|dhd`|hz# } jko `c tmè~k qkzkt|kz tòd|ímz pohehfoåamjh jkc`jjmúo d` tkdhz chz dma`|òt`z ack|`z xp` kz bh}èmz òjkot|hdk/Hcfpohz ~`|zkohz j|`ò xp` chz ack|`z zko dmaåjmc`z d` dmlpgh|9 zm qkzkt|kz ck gpwfèmz hzå# ~kdímz bhj`| poh

jkc`jjmúo d` chz lhod`|hz d` chz dma`|òt`z ohjmko`z# Jphcxpm`| Cklhtk chz ~p`d` dmlpgh| ò po ~`dhwkd` ~h~`c# jko cè~mj`z d` jkck|`z/Kz dm|í eèz zkl|` `zt` hzpotk jphodk bhlcèkz d`c t|hlhgk ~h|h kltò`| @z~`jmhcmdhd d` Jkc`jjmkomzth/

Cml|k d` |`jp`|dkz d`c Cklhtk

Ckz Cklhtkz d`l`|èo ak|eh| po cml|k d` |`jp`|dkz/ Qkzkt|kz ck bh|ímz d` ck xp` eèz kz mot`|`z`9 ~kd|èjkotò`| dmlpgkz# aktkf|haåhz } |`jk|t`z d` ~`|múdmjkz/ Tkdk `ztk h||`fchdk h|tåztmjheòt` } ~`fhdk jko`ze`|k9 po cml|k hzå `z# zmo dpdh# jko `c tmè~k# d` f|ho mot`|íz ~h|h zp dp`øk/ Ck zí ~k| `r~`|mòjmh ~k| bhl`| ak|ehodk dp|hot` em qmdh qh|mkz d` `ztkz cml|kz# ckz jphc`z ok zúck zko d` mot`|íz# zmok xp`thelmío e` bho h}pdhdk h |`jk|dh| b`jbkz xp` ~hzh|ko bhj` epjbkz høkz/

64



Em ~|me`| cml|k ~|mojm~mh jko po |`t|htk d` em ~hd|` } d` em ehd|` } ò z`fpmdh po dmlpgk xp` bmj` jphodkzúck tòåh 8: høkz d` `dhd/ Ok qhc` f|ho jkzh jkek dmlpgk# ~`|k `z jp|mkzk q`| ck xp` ~kdåh bhj`| jphodk `|h po Cklhtk tho gkqò/@z d` f|ho òt|`t omemòtk ak|eh| `c cml|k d` |`jp`|dkz# ` m| ~`fhodk ò íc dma |òt`z jkzhz9 }jkoz |qh|ck h||`fchdk# cme~mk } ò k|dò# `z q`|dhd`|k h|t`/ B` hxpå ch ak|eh ò xp` }k dk} ~|mojm~mk h`zth jchz` d` t|hlhgkz/Ck e`gk| `z jkoz`fpm| po èclpe d` pokz :> jòtåe`t|kz d` ch|fk ~k| <> d` hojbk# ~p`z eèz ~`xp`øk z`ccòh dèhzmhdk h~|mzh9 hdèèz d` xp` jko a|`jpòjmh d`z`h|ímz jkc`jjmkoh| poh aktkf|haåh d` thehøk

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poh bmztk|m`th mot`|`zhot` xp` bh}h h~h|`jmdk ò po ~`|múdmjk# aktkf|haåhz d` tkdhz jchz`z9 tkdk `ztk ckm|ímz jkc`jjmkohodk jpmdhdkzheòt` ~h|h tò`|ck cmztk } ~kd`|ck `zjkf`| ò hcf÷o |htk ò xp` ok tòfèmzohdh xp` bhj`|# k ò hcf÷o dåh ccpqmkzk ò xp` ok ~kdhmz zhcm|/^k| zp~p`ztk# xp` zm qkzkt|kz zhlímz tkeh| aktkf|haåhz tòd|ímz k~k|tpomdhd d` ak|eh| poh ehfoåamjhjkc`jjmúo9 ehz zp`c` z`| jkztkzk/ Ck eèz lkomtk# ck e`gk|# zko dmlpgkz b`jbkz ~k| qkzkt|kz emzekz òqp`zt|k cml|k/Zm zkmz lpòkz ~h|h `c dmlpgk# ~kdímz ~|`zòth| ch ~|p`lh ~h|h kltò`| ch @z~`jmhcmdhd d` H|tmzth/Jphodk cc`fp` ch kjhzmúo d` ~`fh| qp`zt|kz |`jp`|dkz ò `c cml|k# o`j`zmth|ímz jko xpí ~`fh|ckz/ @còf|pdk d` bh|moh k d` hcemdúo `z aèjmc d` bhj`|9 z` bhj` d` ch zmfpmòt` eho`|h7 z` ~ko` jpjbh|hdh }e`dmh d` bh|moh "k f|hokz d` hcemdúo- ò po t|hztk/ Z` hf|`fh po ~kjk d` hfph a|åh } z` lht` ch bh|mohbhzth ak|eh| poh ~hzth d`cfhdh/ @o z`fpmdh z` hf|`fh hfph bm|qmòdk } z` zmfp` lhtmòdk jkotmopheòt`bhzth xp` z` jkoqm`|t` ò poh ~hzth ~`fhgkzh d` jkck| hwpchdk/ @z lpòk hf|`fh| hcfpokz jchqkz d``z~`jmh ~h|h xp` ok z` hf|å`/

Hdèèz d`c òf|pdk# z` |`xpm`|` poh l|kjbh k po ~moj`c# po ~h| d` tmg`|hz# po j`ztk d` ~h~`c`z "}h xp`ckz |`jk|t`z } d`z~`|dmjmkz `z~h|jmdkz ~k| `c jph|tk c` dho hz~`jtk d` d`zhz`k-# po cè~mw ~h|h `zj|mlm| ckzokel|`z } a`jbhz d`lhgk d` ckz dmlpgkz } po ~`|múdmjk qm`gk/@c ~`|múdmjk `z hcfk `rj`còt` xp` }k |`jkemòdk jkek ÷tmc ò `rt|èk/ Jkckjhd chz aktkf|haåhz bhjmhhlhgk zkl|` `c ~`|múdmjk } d`z~píz èbhdp|ohdchz jko òf|pdk bhzth jpl|m|chz lmò# mojcp}òdk chzk|mcchz } ckz |mojko`z# ~h|h ~ko`|chz d`z~píz ò ~kzmjmúo h~|k~mhdh ò `c èclpe/ @c cpfh| d`c ~`|múdmjkdkod` bhlímz pothdk ch aktkf|haåh jko òf|pdk# xp`dh ep} ~`fhgkzk# ~`|k dklcèodkck z` kltmò` kt|kcpfh| cme~mk ~h|h z`fpm| potèodkchz/

Lhodh d` e÷zmjh d` Cklhtkz

Ckz cklhtkz d` ch ehohdh# jphodk hodho ò ch z`cqh# bhjò po |pmdk xp` `cckz ccheho e÷zmjh9 ~`|k xpòhdm` eèz xp` `cckz ~p`d` ccheh| d` `z` ekdk9 zmo èlh|fk# jko `zk z` dmqm`|tò } zko a`cmj`z/

»^k| xpí# ~p`z# ok bh d` `zthlc`j`| poh lhodh ch Ehohdh d` Cklhtkz; ^k| lhodh ok xpm`|k d`jm| pok d``zkz o`fkjmkz jh|kz jko t|ke~`thz d` chtúo } thelk|`z d`jk|hdkz# zmok jko mozt|peòtkz xp` dho `cemzek |`zpcthdk } ok jp`ztho ohdh/Ck ~|me`|k xp` bh} xp` tò`| ò poh lhodh `z po thelk| eh}k|/ @ztk xpm`|` d`jm| xp` bh} xp`jkoz`fpm| po lkt` d` chth d` ckz xp` zm|qò ~h|h fhcc`thz k ~h|h fhzkcmoh } po ~h| d` lkcmcckz/ @ztk ÷ctmeklmò ~p`dò z`| po ~h| d` jhomcchz d` chz ~m`|ohz d` hcf÷o homehc# jkoz`fpmdhz ò ch jh|omj`|åh# k dkz~hckz f|p`zkz jko po ~`dhwk d` t|h~k ò|`dhdk ò ch ~poth/»Ckz tmelhc`z; @ztkz ~p`dò jkoz`fpm|z` ò ch jkjmoh "zmè~|` xp` eheè z`h tho lkodhdkzh xp` ck~`|emth-# tkehodk d` `cch dkz zh|tò`z/»@c t|mèofpck; ^k| zp~p`ztk xp` `z modmz~òzhlc` xp` qkzkt|kz tòfèmz po t|mèofpck# } ck tòd|ímz lpòk }f|hod` jko po ~h| d` tòhwhz jkcfhodk d` po jk|dúo } fkc~`hdhz jko poh cchq` f|hod`/

60



T|ke~`thz# achpthz } ~åahokz } tkdkz ckz dèèz mozt|peòtkz d` qmòtk# ckz memth|èo jko ch lkjh ckze÷zmjkz |`z~`jtmqkz d` ch Ehohdh/^kdímz zmclh| k th|h|`h| poh tkohdh# ~`|k zpòh epjbåzmek e`gk| zm ck bhjímz ~k| e`dmk d` po ~`mo`jplm`|tk jko ~h~`c d` Jbmoh/@c dm|`jtk| `z |`hceòt` poh ~`|zkoh me~k|thot` ò `c jphd|k# } zm `z po lpò hjtk|# d`zè~`øh|è jkof|ho l|mcck zp ~h~`c/Poh lhodh d` `zth ohtp|hc`wh ok ~h|`j` |mdåjpch# zm jphodk tkxpímz tòímz jpmdhdk d` bhj`|ck h tmè~k }ò lpò k|dò/

Z`fp|heòt` xp` ~kd|ímz mot`|~|`th| q`|dhd`|h e÷zmjh } ok tho zúck bhj`| |pmdk# zm jhotèmz zpeheòt`zphq` h q`j`z } kt|hz jko tkdkz qp`zt|kz ~pceko`z9 hdèèz# z` km|è ~`|a`jtheòt` lmò } kltòd|ímzírmtk/Poh d` chz e`gk|`z lhodhz d` thelk|`z } ~åahokz xp` }k b` `zjpjbhdk `zthlh jke~p`zth ~k| omøkz xp`cc`qhlho jkek thelk|`z lkt`z d` fhzkcmoh } xp` zmclhlho memthodk h ckz ~åahokz# emòt|hz eh|jbhlho~k| ch jhcc`9 ch me~|`zmúo xp` ~|kdpjåho `|h `z~cíodmdh/Ch lhodh jhz`|h ~p`d` jkozmztm| d` ~|me`|kz } z`fpodkz ~`mo`z# tòhwhz# po ~h| d` gh||hz d` hcpemomk#zh|tò`z# lkt`z d` fhcc`thz } jbh|kchz/ ^h|h dh| `c à`jtk d` thelk| zphq`# z` pzh poh jbh|kch fkc~`hdh~k| po ~cèthok/

Bmeok Ohjmkohc

,Zhl`| jhoth| `c jk|k } dkz `zt|kahz d`c Bmeok Ohjmkohc/,Qkzkt|kz d`z`h|ímz jhoth| `c Bmeok Ohjmkohc jphodk ízt` z` jhot` ò ~÷lcmjk# ~k| thotk# d`l`|ímzh~|òd`| `c jk|k } chz `zt|kahz/Jphodk `zjpjbímz `c Bmeok Ohjmkohc/ ~ko`kz d` ~m` ò ~kzmjmúo d` am|e`z# } hc jhoth|ck ~òzhd ò chz~hchl|hz xp` qhmz dmjmòdk } ò ck xp` thc`z ~hchl|hz zmfomamjho/

61



DÍJMEH T@\J@\ D@OT@CCHDH

Hjhotkohemòtkz % Jkekdmdhd ò `c jhe~heòtkH||`fck d` jhehz % @xpm~k % ^|kf|heh % Jkzhz xp` bh} xp` |`jk|dh|

Hjhotkohemòtkz

TKDK ZJKPT D@Z@H z`| po lpò hjhe~hdk|# }h xp` ok z` ~p`d` z`| jkckomwhdk| } hehot` d`clkzxp` zm ok z` zhl` tò`| chz ~|`jhpjmko`z o`j`zh|mhz# ò tkdh jchz` d` tmè~k# hc hm|` cml|`/ Qkzkt|kz#ckz Cklhtkz tòd|ímz xp` d`gh| d` ~òzh| ò ckz q`|dhd`|kz jhe~heòtkz ~h|h jphodk z`èmz Zjpptz#jkotòtèodkkz ~k| hbk|h jko bhj`| ~cho`z ~h|h òtkoj`z/ ^`|k `z d` `z~`|h|z` xp` Hi`ch bhfh ckzh||`fckz o`j`zh|mkz ~h|h cc`qh|kkz h hjhotkohemòtk dp|hot` chz qhjhjmko`z# zmè~|` xp` kz ~k|tímzlmò/ Zm qhmz d` hjkotkohemòtk d`l`|ímz zhl`| hot`z hcfpohz jkzhz ~h|h xp` ~kdèmz `zth| ò í

júekdheòt`/

Jkekdmdhd ò `c hjhotkohemòtk

Hcfpohz ~`|zkohz j|`ò xp` `c jhe~heòtk `z hcfk ep} mojúekdk/ ^p`z lmò# po ^m`tm`|ok zå ckòjkot|h|è d`zhf|hdhlc` ` mojúekdk# }h xp` íc qh ~k` ~|me`|h q`w hc jhe~k# } jkek ok zhl` dúod`jkckjh| zp tmòdh # ch ~kod|è dkod` bhcc` po ~kjk dj whjht` q`|d`# ò hcfpoh bkodhohdh/ } zm ccp`q` ~k| ch okjb` z` c` ho`fh|è/^|klhlcèòt` `ztm|h|è chz jp`|dhz d` zp tmòdh tkdk ck xp` z`h ~kzmlc` }# dp|hot` ch okjb`# `c |kjåk k chccpqmh bh|èo xp` chz jp`|dhz z` òjkgho } zhxpò chz `zthjhz ap`|h d`c ~mzk7 ò jkoz`jpòjmh# zm ch l|mzhcc`fh|` h zk~ch|# ch tmòdh jh`|è ~k| tm`||h/Bh} moamomdhd d` jkzhz xp` bhjò zpa|m| h po ^m`tmj|ok ò jhe~heò tk/ ^`|k omofpoh d` `cchz `z dp|h~h|h po qm`gk Zjkpt xp` zhl` `zth| júekdk ò íc/

Po lpò Cklhtk zhl` ~`|a`jtheòt` xp` d`l` ekoth| zp jhe~heòtk ò po cpfh| `c`qhdk } z`jk#~|kt`fmdk jkot|h ckz qmòtkz d`c Ok|t` } d`c @zt` "xp` zko ckz qmòtkz a|åkz-7 xp` tkdkz ckz jhe~heòtkzd` Ehohdh d`lò jkoth| jko poh t|kg` k jhlhøh dkod` ckz Cklhtkz ~p`dho jhoth| } gpfh| zm `c tmè~k `zehck/Po Cklhtk zhl` thelmío xp` zm d`z`h tò`| po lpò jhe~heòtk d`l` ~|`~h|h|ck jko hotmjm~hjmúo } okd`gh| chz jkzhz ~h|h ÷cctmeh bk|h/»Júek d`lèkz ~|`~h|h|okz; »Hbk||hodk dmo`|k; Zå/Zm qkzkt|kz qhmz d` hjhotkohem otk `zthlc`j`d poh jhgh d` hbk||kz ~h|h jhe~heòtk# ò ch xp` jhdhCklhtk d`~kzmt` hcfk d` dmo`|k7 ok me~k|th xp` z`h ~`xp`øh ch jhotmdhd xp` íc d`~kzmt`# zmè~|` }jphodk ckz Cklhtkz |`hceòt` z` `zap`|wò ~k| h}pdh| h zpz ~hd|`z h ~hfh| zpz dmq`|zmko`z } `chjhotkohemòtk `z# h ok dpdh|ck# poh dmq`|zmúo d` chz e`gk|`z/ »Ok `z hzå;

66

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http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Cosas

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Acantonamientos

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Comodidad

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#cama

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#equipo

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#pasar

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Cosas



@zt` hbk||k `z ~h|t` d` ch ~|`~h|hjmúo# ~`|k thelmío d`l`|ímz h~|òd`| chz jkzhz xp` bh} xp` `g`jpth| ò `c jhe~heòtk/

Júek bhlímz d` h||`fch| qp`zt|h jheh @z hcfk ep} me~k|thot` zhl`| júek bh d` ~|`~h|h|z` ch jheh# d` thc eho`|h# xp` hc d`z~`|th| `ztí pok~`|a`jtheòt` jplm`|tk/ Ck ~|me`|k xp` bh} xp` bhj`| `z jkckjh| ch hcakeb|h d` ~mzk jko `c chdk l|mcchot`bhjmh hlhgk# } òz`fpmdh ~ko`| ch lkczh ccòh d` ~hgh zkl|` `cch/ Cp`fk z` tkeh po jkl`|tk| dklchdk ~k| ch emthd# } kt|k eèz dklchdk ò ch emzeh ak|eh# zúck xp` ~komòdk ch emthd d`c z`fpodk d` ekdk xp` chk|mcch d` ízt` xp`d` ò `c dklc`w d`c ~|me`|k/ Jkckjhdkz qkzkt|kz òjmeh# tòd|ímz dklc` hl|mfk hlhgk }dklc` hl|mfk h||mlh/ Zm klz`|qèmz jko jpmdhdk `c dmlpgk# q`|ímz xp` ok ~kd|ímz zhjh| ckz ~m`z } xp` íztkzok z` kz òa|mh|ho zm dklcèmz ch ~poth moa`|mk| } cp`fk ch ~|òdímz jko hcamc`|`z d` z`fp|mdhd/Jko dklc` jkl`|tk| d`lhgk d` qp`zt|k jp`|~k } poh lkczh ccòh d` ~hgh# ok zòtm|ímz a|åk } dk|em|ímzepjbk eèz a`cmj`z xp` jphcxpm`| ^m`tmèk xp` ~mòzh xp` `c hl|mfk bh} xp` ~ko`|ck zúck òjmeh } d`ghxp` ~k| hlhgk bh}h bpe`dhd } z` jp`c` hc hm|`/

Jko ckz jkl`|tk|`zdmz~p`ztkz hzå# ok ~hzh|ímz

|åk ~k| ch okjb`/

Júek è~hjh| `c `xpm~k

@z poh md`h ehfoåamjh ~|hjtmjh| `ztk ò jhzh hot`z d` bhj`|ck ò dàmomtmqh jphodk cc`fh ch kjhzmúo# ~p`zòtkoj`z ~kd|ímz qkzkt|kz dh|kz jpòth d` xp` o`j`zmtèmz poh ekjbmch eèz f|hod`# } jko tmè~k ~kd|ímzjkoz`fpm|ch/Bhj`d poh cmzth d` chz jkzhz xp` ~òzèmz o`j`zmth|/ Ch xp` qp`zt|k Gà` d` Ehohdh kz bhl|è dhdk kzz`|qm|è d` fpåh9 jkoq`|tmd qp`zt|h jheh ò ekzt|hdk| } ~ko`d zkl|` `cch tkdhz chz jkzhz/ Ch cmzth z`|è~h|`jmdh h ch zmfpmòt`7

%dkz jkl`|tk|`z "ckz d` choh zko ckz e`gk|`z-# ~mghehz k jhemzúo d` dk|em|#%po ~h| d` wh~htkz d` fmeohzmh# ~h|h ckz gp`fkz#%po ~hothcúo jk|tk } poh jhemzh# qm`gkz# ~h|h pzh|ckz ò `c jhe~heòtk# ò ckz gp`fkz } ò `c t|hlhgk/%poh epdh d` |k~h mot`|mk| } e`dmhz#%poh epdh d` wh~htkz# k lkthz#%hcfpokz ~høp`ckz#

%po zkl|`tkdk k me~`|e`hlc`#%po zhjk k zpít`|# hdèèz d`c me~`|e`hlc`# } `c zkl|`tkdk# ~h|h ~koí|kzck zkl|` ch jhemzh# ò ch okjb`/%poh tkhcch# ghlúo "zm `z d`zmoa`jthot`# e`gk|-9 po ~`dhwk d` a|ho`ch# po j`~mcck ~h|h ckz dmòt`z } ~hzth k~kcqk ~h|h ckz emzekz#%po j`~mcck } po ~`mo` ~h|h `c jhl`cck#%po t|hg` d` lhøk/%po cml|mtk d` h~pot`z ~h|h cc`qh| okth d` ckz fhztkz#%} hcfpohz bkghz d` ~h~`c } zkl|`z ~h|h `zj|mlm| h jhzh/

62



Thelmío d`límz |`jk|dh| xp` z` zmòt` epjbh bhel|` ò ckz jhe~heòtkz } xp` ~k| thotk bh} xp`cc`qh| ~chtkz "<- } poh thwh k gh||k "ckz `zehcthdkz# ckz d` ~cèztmjk k ckz d` hcpemomk zko ckz e`gk|`z-# pojpjbmcck# po tò`dk| } poh jpjbh|h/Jkoqòj`d h qp`zt|k Z`mzò`|k d` xp` cc`q` jkozmfk po `z~`gk# ~h|h xp` hc ~`moh|kz ok kz xp`d` ch |h}h~`k| xp` `c zmfwhf d` po |`cèe~hfk/Ch jheh z` q`|è cmt`t`|hceòt` zèl|hdh jphodk bh}èmz jkckjhdk zkl|` `cch tkdkz `ztkz klg`tkz# } kzbh|ímz j|pj`z d` júek m|ímz h cc`qh| tkdk `ztk ò ch ekjbmch/Hcfpokz epjbhjbkz jkckjho `c me~`|e`hlc` ò `c akodk d` ch ekjbmch# } jphodk ccp`q` z` d`z`z~`|ho

~k|xp` tmòò xp` zhjh| tkdk ~h|h ~kd`| bhj`|z` d`c me~`|e`hlc`/ Hc è~hjh|# ~|mojm~mhd qkzkt|kz ~k| ~ko`| bhzth `c akodk ckz wh~htkz d` fmeohzmh } `c t|hg` d` lhøk9 ò z`fpmdh ch epdh d` |k~h9 d`z~píz# ch~mgheh } ckz jkl`|tk|`z "òt|` ckz dklc`j`z d` íztkz jkckjhd chz jkzhz xp` z` ~p`dò |ke~`|-/ Pozhxpmtk me~`|e`hlc` ~h|h `c ghlúo# `z ck e`gk|9 ok ck `jbímz dòt|k d` ch thwh "gh||k-# ~p`z d`z~píz chzl`lmdhz kz zhl|èo ehc/ @o ch ~h|t` d` h||mlh# jkckjhd ch hcakel|h d` ~mzk# } zm hpo kz xp`dh `z~hjmk#d`lhgk d` `cch# `c me~`|e`hlc`# ch tkhcch } ckz ÷tmc`z d` hz`k/Ok kz kcqmdímz d` eh|jh| qp`zt|h |k~h ~h|h xp` ok z` jkoapodh d`z~píz jko ch d` ckz dèèz/

Hc m| d` Hjhotkohemòtk

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@o `c hjhotkohemòtk

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gkahmoh jko hfph tclmh } poh tkhcch z`jh/

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Dkck| d` `ztúehfk ò hjhotkohemòtk

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2>



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A|kthjmúo ò z`jk Jphodk `ztpq` hjhe~hodk ò tm`||h d` ckz wpc÷z# `ztèlhekz dèhzmhdk c`gkz d`c hfph ~h|h ~kd`|okzlhøh|9 ~`|k jkek `c hz`k `z modmz~òzhlc` ~h|h jkoz`|qh|z` lmò } jko zhcpd# zkcåhekz zhcm| ep} dèhøhoh# jphodk `c ~hztk `zthlh è~h~hdk ~k| `c |kjåk# } okz |kdèlhekz zkl|` íc/ Hzå okz ekgèlhekzlmò tkdk `c jp`|~k# } ò z`fpmdh okz z`jèlhekz jko tkhcchz èz~`|hz# } xp`dèlhekz tho cme~mkz }a|`zjkz jkek zm bplmí|hekz tkehdk po lhøk/Zmè~|` z` ~p`d` jkoz`fp|m zpamjmòt` hfph ~h|h bpe`d`j`| poh tkhcch# } jko `cch dh|z` poh lpòha|kthjmúo ~k| ck eòkz poh q`w hc dåh/ Kz bh|è epjbk ~|kq`jbk/

\k~h z`jh

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ekghdk/

28



DÍJMEH JPH\TH D@OT@CCHDH

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Zpjm`dhd ò poh b`|mdh

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Xpèhdp|hz

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http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Suciedad

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Quemaduras

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Escaldaduras


http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Investidura

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Suciedad

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Quemaduras

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Escaldaduras


http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#Investidura



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2:



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@g`|jmjmk d` ac`rmúo d` chz |kdmcchz

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mot`|mk|eòt` ch ~h|t` hcthd`c `ztúehfk

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Jhemoh| zkl|` po thlcúo

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20



Amo d` chz ^|p`lhz d` Z`fpodh @zt|`cch

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21



DÍJMEH XPMOTH D@OT@CCHDH

Hzjòdmòdk

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22



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Okth/ D`l` `ztmepch|z` ch mojcmohjmúo ohtp|hc d`c epjbhjbk ò tkdkz ckz jhe~kz9 zko d` mfphc qhck| `c`z~å|mtp } ch motòjmúo d`c t|hlhgk xp` `c h~`fk h chz |`fchz hjhdíemjhz/

\@E@ODÚO

@ozh|th| poh hfpgh } jkz`| po lktúo# |èòdh| po hfpg`|k d` po zpít`| k d` pohz e`dmhz } po |hzfúo# }cc`qh| h jhlk dkz d` chz zmfpmòt`z ~|p`lhz7

8/ Bhj`| hcf÷o h|tåjpck d` ~potk d` hfpgh/

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:/ T|hlhgh| po dmz`øk d` ~potk d` j|pw o ckoh/

4/ Bhj`| po th~ t` k po a`c~pdk d` ckoh k d` h|~mcc |h/

0/ Chqh| } ~chojbh| zp ~høkc th/

1/ Bhj`| poh jhohzth/

6/ @ot|`t g`| po h|tåjpck ÷tmc o |hamh/GPFP@T@\K Bhj`| po h|tåjpck jko a|hfeòtkz zkl|hot`z# thc`z jkek jkokz d` hl`tkz# fhojbkz d` |k~h# `tj/# }thelmío po gpfp`t` d` thehøk |hwkohlc`# jkek po lkt`# poh eèxpmoh# po hptkeúqmc# po epø`jk k pohomehc# k ò zp cpfh|# ò ~|k~k|jmko`z |hwkohlcèòt` jk||`jthz } h jkck|`z# po gpfp`t` jke~p`ztk thcjkek poh bhjmòdh# poh z`cqh# po ~h|xp` wkkcúfmjk jko homehc`z# poh jhlhøh jko eklmcmh|mk# k poh`zthjmúo k |`hjkodmjmkoh| dkz gpfp`t`z dp|hd`|kz# d` hjp`|dk jko `c Gà` d` Ehohdh/Okth/ Po h|tåjpck xp` bh}h zmdk ~|`zòthdk ~h|h ch ~|p`lh d` Z`fpodh @zt|`cch ok d`l` hj`~th|z` jkek~h|t` d` `zth @z~`jmhcmdhd/

F\P^K MMM/ Z@\QMJMKZ H KT\KZ "\KGK-

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^|me`|kz Hprmcmkz Fpmh Dkeíztmjk

^\ME@\KZ HPRMCMKZ8/ Zhl`| júek cme~mh| } t|hth| poh |hz~hdp|h/

</ Z`| jh~hw d` jp|h| } qòdh| poh ehok } poh |kdmcch jk|thdh } h~cmjh| jk||`jtheòt` po jhl`zt|mcckf|hod`/

:/ Zhl`| `c t|hthem otk ~h|h d`t o`| poh bèk||hfmh d` ch oh|mw/

4/ Zhl`| júek h~hfh| chz |k~hz xp` bho tkehdk ap`fk9 } júek t|hth| xpèhdp|hz } zjhcdhdp|hzeòk|`z/

0/ Dèkzt|h| xp` otmòd` ch o j`zmdhd d` zkcmjmth| ch h}pdh d` ~`|zkohz hdpcthz/

1/ Jkokj | c t|hthemòtk zòjmcck ~h|h ch jkoekjmúo "ok cíjt|mjh-/

FPÅH

8/ Z`| jh~hw d` dh| dm|`jjmko`z jch|hz } jkojmzhz# lmò `r~|`zhdhz } dmjbhz jko dmztmojmúo# h po

ap`|`øk xp` ~|`fpot` zp jhemok# } bhj`|ck jk|t`zeòt` } jko ~|kotmtpd/</ Zhl`| dúod` z` òjpòt|h ch dèh|jhjmúo d` ch ~kcmjåh# `c eídmjk# `c lktmjh|mk# c t`cíakok ~÷lcmjk# ckzlkel`|kz# ch `zthjmúo d` a`||kjh||mc# ch fhzkcmo`|h# `c fh|hg` } `c bkt`c eèz j`|jhok/

:/ Zhl`| júek ccheh| h ckz lkel`|kz# h ch ~kcmjåh } h ch helpchojmh/

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DKEÍZTMJK

8/ Bhj`| poh lpòh kcch d` jhaí } a| m| k lhtm| po bp`qk/

</ ^|`~h|h| ~h~hz } b`|qm|chz k a|`å|chz/

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4/ Cme~mh| qòthohz } pt ozmcmkz d` chtúo/

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1/ Z`|qm| poh e`zh ~k| ck eòkz ~h|h t|`z ~`|zkohz } ~h|h poh jkemdh d` dkz tp|okz/

F\P^K MQ/% JPCTP\H AÅZMJH "Q@\D@-

Htc`th Ohdhdk| Gpfhdk| d` @xpm~k

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OHDHDK\

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TÚT@E D@ EHOHDH

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@OT\@FH D@ MOZMFOMHZ

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JH^ÅTPCK Z@FPODK@Z^@JMHCMDHD D@JKC@JJMKOMZTH

Okth h ckz Gà`z d` Ehohdh/

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~|k~mk# `g`|jmthodk ch jch|mdhd } cme~m`wh ò chz okthz d`zj|m~tmqhz/

»Xpí jkc`jjmkoh|;

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Jhghz d` aúzak|k

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Jkoz`gkz ~h|h jkc`jjmkoh| ò cml|kz d` |`jp`|dkz

]h bèkz bhlchdk hj`|jh d`c Cml|k d` \`jp`|dkz ò ch 8<h dòt`cchdh/

@c Cml|k/ Zm qkzkt|kz qhmz h ~`fh| ò íc aktkf|haåhz# jphd|kz# `zjpdkz d` h|ehz# z`cckz ~kzthc`z# ack|`z k`z~`jåeò`z d` jphcxpm`| jchz`# ok pzímz jkek èclpe po jphd`|ok d` `g`|jmjmkz d` h jòthqk/ Ckzepjbhjbkz z` mojcmoho h bhj`| thc jkzh# ck xp` zmfomamjh xp` hc t`|emoh| d` ~`fh| tkdkz zpz `z~`jåeò`ztmòò po cml|k tkdk lkcpdk } dàk|e`/ ^kdímz jkoz`fpm| po cml|k b`jbk `z~`jmhceòt` ~h|h ~`fh| jkzhzò íc# jko ckekz hojbkz9 ~h|h xp` jphodk zpz ~èfmohz `ztío ccòhz# `c cml|k `ztí ~h|`gk } ok dàk|ehdk/Hbk||hd# ~p`z# ck o`j`zh|mk ~h|h jke~|h| po cml|k d` |`jp`|dkz ò hcfpoh gpfp`t`|åh k ~h~`c`|åh/ ^kdímzthelmío jke~|h| bkghz zp`cthz d` jh|tpcmoh# d` chz xp` cc`qho t`ch ~`fhdh ò poh k|mcch# h eho`|h d`lmzhf|h } xp` ~p`dò ~`fh|z` poh jko kt|h ~h|h ak|eh| po cml|k# poh q`w xp` bho zmdk ccòhdhz/^h|h tmel|`z ~kzthc`z d`l`|ímz# ~k| zp~p`ztk# hdxpm|m| po èclpe `z~`jmhc/ Ckz bh} lhzthot` lh|htkz9 jkohdmtheòtkz ~`xp`økz ` moqmzmlc`z ~h|h ~`fh| ckz tmel|`z d` thc eho`|h xp` z` ~p`dho xpmth| zmo `jbh|ckh ~`|d`|/Ch Fkeh/ Ok pzímz ~hzth heh|mcch d` `zh zpeheòt` ~`fhgkzh } ò jhotmdhd thc xp` ccòímz ch e`zh# chz~èfmohz } qp`zt|hz ehokz d` ~`fheòtk k ~komòdk tkdk h qp`zt|k hc|`d`dk| b`jbk po bk||k|/ Bh} poh

jhotmdhd f|hod` d` ~`fheòtkz/ \`z~`jtk hc ~`fheòtk xp` qkzkt|kz emzekz ~kdímz ahl|mjh| }h kz b`dhdk chz mozt|pjjmko`z o`j`zh|mhz ò ch 8<h dòt`cchdh/ Thelmío ~kdímz jke~|h| po lkt` d` ~`fheòtkjko tkdk } l|kjbh/ k poh lkt`cch d` fkeh/ ^ko`d `z~`jmhc jpmdhdk ò tò`| qp`zt|hz ehokz lmò cme~mhzhc pzh| ch fkeh k `c ~`fheòtk# ~p`z d` ck jkot|h|mk d`gh|ímz chz bp`cchz d` qp`zt|kz d`dkz# ~`fhgkzhz }o`f|hz# zkl|` tkdkz ckz klg`tkz xp` tkxpímz/ Ok ~|òzímz ckz |`jk|t`z jko ckz d`dkz# pzhd ~h|h `c klg`tkpo t|h~k zphq`/ Tò`d `z~`jmhc jpmdhdk hj`|jh d` `ztk hc ~`fh| aktkf|haåhz/@tmxp`thz/ Gheèz `zj|mlèmz `c okel|` d` po `z~íjmeò d`lhgk d` íc zmo bhl`| t|hwhdk hot`z poh cåo`hzphq` jko cè~mw/ xp` kz fpå` ~h|h `zj|mlm| d`|`jbk "`zth cåo`h ~p`d` z`| lk||hdh d`z~píz-/ ^|hjtmjhdbhjmòdk c`t|hz d` me~|òth lmò b`jbhz/ @z po ehfoåamjk ~cho ~ko`| ckz okel|`z jko cme~m`wh jko c`t|hzd` ekcd`# jko cè~mw ~|me`|k# ep} zphq`# d`z~píz zkl|` `cchz jko tmoth/ Ch cme~m`wh d` chz c`}òdhzjkoztmtpm|è poh f|ho dma`|òjmh ò ch h~h|mòjmh d` qp`zt|k cml|k/

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http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/lobos12.html#engrudo


http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/lobos12.html#engrudo



Zm ~kdímz jkoz`fpm| tmoth jbmoh pzhdch# ~p`z z` q` e`gk| xp` ch tmoth k|dmoh|mh/ Kz dh|í h qkzkt|kz polpò jkoz`gk zkl|` mozj|m~jmko`z7 jke~|hd poh ~`xp`øh me~|òth d` c`t|hz d` fkeh ~h|h me~|mem| okel|`z/ ^kdímz jkoz`fpm| poh jko ehofk# jkgåo } tkdk ~k| ~kjk dmo`|k/ Jkckjhd chz c`t|hz o`j`zh|mhz~h|h xp` ak|eò chz ~hchl|hz xp` d`z`èmz/ ~ko`dc`z tmoth ~k| e`dmk d`c jkgåo } d`z~píz jke~|memdchzap`|tèòt` jkot|h `c ~h~`c/ Z` q`|èo epjbk e`gk| xp` `zj|mthz h ehok7 hdèèz ~|k~k|jmkoh poh f|hodmq`|zmúo `c bhj`|ck/ Hz`fp|hkz d` xp` ch ~hchl|h qh `zj|mth jk||`jtheòt`/ H÷o eèz me~k|thot` xp` chk|tkf|haåh jk||`jth } ch cme~m`wh# `z xp` ckz okel|`z } d`zj|m~jmko`z z`ho jk||`jtkz/ Zmè~|` lpzjhd `cokel|` `rhjtheòt` jk||`jtk d`c `z~íjmeò/ } ~ko`d chz jkzhz ò k|dò# ok |`qp`cthz9 h `ztk z` ccheh

bhj`| chz jkzhz jko zmztèh/ Zpòh po ~kjk ~`dhot`/ ~`|k `z d` ch eh}k| me~k|thojmh bhj`|ck hzå/ Ohdhò `c epodk tmò` írmtk zmo zmztèh/ \`jk|dhd `c ~|kq`|lmk7,^cho`hd qp`zt|k t|hlhgk# } cp`fk t|hlhghd d` hjp`|dk jko qp`zt|k ~cho,/

JH^ÅTPCK T@\J@\K@z~`jmhcmdhd d`Klz`|qhdk|


Xp`dh h ch dmzj|`jmúo d` ckz Gà`z d` Ehohdh } h ckz d`z`kz d` ckz Cklhtkz emzekz# ch `c`jjmúo d` chzhq`z# homehc`z# ack|`z } è|lkc`z# zmòdk ckz eèz h~|k~mhdkz ~h|h klz`|qh|# ckz xp` z`ho eèz jkepo`zò ch ckjhcmdhd/ ^k| thotk# ch mozt|pjjmúo |`chtmqh ok ~p`d` xp`dh| mojcpmdh ò `zt` cml|k9 ~`|k `rmztò

~plcmjhjmko`z d` t|hlhgkz d` `zth ohtp|hc`wh# `rj`còt`z } h ~|`jmkz eúdmjkz# ò ckz jphc`z z` òjpòt|h

tkdh ch moak|ehjmúo o`j`zh|mh/ D`lèkz d`jm| xp` hpo jphodk ckz cml|kz zko o`j`zh|mkz ~h|h kltò`| `c jkokjmemòtk `rhjtk } d thcchdk# `zth eht |mh d`l`|è z | `ztpdmhdh# ck eèz xp` z`h ~kzmlc #dm|`jtheòt` d` ch Ohtp|hc`wh/ Ckz Cklhtkz òjkot|h|èo xp` `c ,hj`jbk, d` hq`z k l`ztmhz `zzpeheòt` ahzjmohdk|# ~`|k xp` |`xpm`|` ~hjmòjmh } dkemomk d` zå emzek/ Hpoxp` h ckz Cklhtkz z` c`zd`l`|è ~`|emtm| `c lpzjh| omdkz d` hq`z ` mot`|`zh|z` ò `cckz } |`jkokj`| ckz bp`qkz# `c jkc`jjmkoh| omdkz } bp`qkz ok c`z z`|è ~`|emtmdk/ Jko a|`jpòjmh |`zpcth zpeheòt` j|p`c `c jkf`| omdkz jphodk thc jkzh `z cc`qhdh hc jhlk ~k| omøkz ~`xp`økz9 } d` jphcxpm`| ekdk# jkc`jjmkoh| omdkz d` hq`z dh cpfh| hthoth j|p`cdhd } d`zt|pjjmúo# xp` `z epjbk e`gk| òz`øh| h ckz Cklhtkz h d`gh| thc`z jkzhz h po chdk#d`lmòdk qhc`|z` d` tkdhz chz k~k|tpomdhd`z ~h|h me~|mem| ò zp j`|`l|k ` mehfmohjmúo ch j|p`cdhd xp`me~cmjh `c |klk d` ckz omdkz } bp`qkz d` ckz ~ègh|kz/ Zpztmt÷}hz` `c d`z`k d` ~kz``| bp`qkz ~k| `c d`z`kd` klz`|qh|ckz } ~|kt`f`|ckz# d` thc eho`|h xp` z` jkoqm`|tho ò ~hgh|mcckz xp` cc`fpò h z`| ÷tmc`z hc bkel|` ~k| zp jhotk } ~k| chz ehchz bm`|lhz xp` d`zt|p}ò/

Klz`|qhjmúo } hj`jbk

Hcfk z` bh dmjbk }h hj`|jh d`c hj`jbk ò ch Kjthqh Dòt`cchdh# ~`|k `z d` ch eh}k| me~k|thojmh xp` `cq`|dhd`|k klz`|qhdk| z`~h júek hj`jbh|# ~p`z d` ck jkot|h|mk ok bhl|è homehc k hq` h xpmò í ckf|`q`|9 ckz `z~hoth|è hot`z d` xp` bh}h ckf|hdk ~ko`| ckz kgkz ò `cckz/ Ch ~|me`|h jkzh xp` bh} xp`|`jk|dh| `z xp` z` jhemo` zmo bhj`| omof÷o |pmdk# zphqèòt` } zhl`| ~kd`|z` ,b`ch|,# `z d`jm|#~`|eho`j`| ~`|a`jtheòt xpm tk ò jphcxpm | ekeòtk/ H~| od`d h jhemoh| d` thc eho`|h xp`qp`zt|kz ~m`z d`zjhozò mfphceòt` zkl|` `c ~mzk# xp` ckz d`dkz d` qp`zt|kz ~m`z h~potò zmè~|` bhjmhhd`chot`# ~p`z d` `zt` ekdk t|k~`wh|ímz jko eòkz klztèjpckz } jkoz`|qhd ckz l|hwkz } `c jp`|~k thoxpm`tkz jkek kz z`h ~kzmlc`/

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@c Gp`fk Hj`jbk d`c Qòhdk# eòjmkohdk eèz hd`chot`# h}pdh h jhemoh| zmo bhj`| |pmdk# bhlmòdkhdèèz kt|kz gp`fkz "d` zhcúo- d` hj`jbk# xp` kz ~|k~k|jmkoh|èo epjbh ~|èjtmjh } ~|`~h|hjmúo ~h|hhj`jbk q`|dhd`|k ò `c jhe~k/ Thotk jkek jkoz`|qh| `c `xpmcml|mk d` qp`zt|k jp`|~k "h ck jphc h}pdhochz ^|p`lhz d` chz @zt|`cchz-# qkzkt|kz d`l`|ímz tò`| qp`zt|kz kgkz } kådkz lmò hlm`|tkz# ~h|h q`| } km| jphcxpm`| jkzh moe`dmhtheòt`/ Jphodk q`èmz po homehc k hq` ò jhe~k hlm`|tk# xp`dhkz xpm`tkz ~k| poekeòtk } cp`fk# jko ~|`jhpjmúo# è~`whd h jhemoh| bhjmh íc9 hfhjbèodkkz jkoak|e` jhemoímz bhzthcc`fh| ck zpamjmòtèòt` j`|jh d` íc ~h|h klz`|qh|ck jpmdhdkzheòt`/ Tkehd eòthceòt` okth d` zpthehøk# d` zp jkck|# d` zpz ekqmemòtkz# d`c |pmdk xp` ~|kdpwjh# `tj/ @z mo÷tmc tkeh| okthz ò po ~h~`c

ò `c cpfh| emzek d` ckz b`jbkz# ~p`z `c |pmdk } ckz ekqmemòtkz xp` qkzkt|kz bhfèmz ckz `z~hoth|èo d`hccå/ ^`|k `zthz okthz d`l`|èo bhj`|z` moe`dmhtheòt` d`z~píz# ò jphotk kz z`h ~kzmlc`/^|kotk d`zjpl|m|ímz xp` ch eh}k| ~h|t` d` qp`zt|hz klz`|qhjmko`z |`hc`z chz tòd|ímz xp` bhj`| zkckz/ @zpo `||k| zòth|z` k `zth|z` xpm`tk ò po cpfh|/ Q`|ímz epjbk eèz zm jhemoèmz zmcòjmkzheòt`/ ^|kotk kzdh|ímz jpòth d` ck ahzjmohdk| xp` `z klz`|qh| klg`tkz |`hc`z# } ~kd|ímz ~hzh| eèz d` poh th|d` a`cmj`z#zkckz# ò `zt` òt|`tòmemòtk/Ck e`gk| xp` po klz`|qhdk| ~p`d` bhj`|# `z cc`qh| po dmh|mk ò `c jphc hokt` tkdhz chz klz`|qhjmko`z xp`c` bh}ho mot`|`zhdk hj`|jh d` ch Ohtp|hc`wh# jphodk z` òjkot|hlh ò `c jhe~k/ @o ckz dåhz d` ehctmè~k# jphodk ok tòfh ò xpí òt|`tò`|z`# ~p`d` mcpzt|h|ck jko dmlpgkz aktkf|haåhz k `zthe~hz d`homehc z# hq`z# `tj/# |`jk|thdhz d` ckz ~`|múdmjkz } d` chz |`qmzthz/ Hzå kltòd|è ch bmztk|mh jke~c`th }dp|hd`|h d` tkdk ck xp` bh}h qmztk/ H poh Z`mzòh } h÷o h tkdh ch Ehohdh# c`z z`|è ~kzmlc` cc`qh| po cml|kd` `zth ohtp|hc`wh# ~h|h `c jphc jhdh Cklhtk jkot|mlp}` d` tmè~k ò tmè~k/

@r~ck|hjmúo

Z`fpm| ~mzthz jko z`øhc`z dmlpghdhz/ Bh} epjbhz eho`|hz d` `r~ck|h|/ Poh d` `cchz `z z`fpm| ~mzthzak|ehdhz ~k| z`øhc`z h|tmamjmhc`z/ ^`|k emòt|hz po epjbhjbk k|dmoh|mk lpzjh|åh poh %%? po Cklhtkjkoz`|qh zpz kgkz hlm`|tkz } zp j`|`l|k hc`|th } tkeh okth bhzth d` chz eèz ~`xp`øhz jkzhz xp` ~p`dhomodmjh|c` xpí |pelk cc`qh hcfpmò xp` qh hd`chot` d` íc/ ]k b` òjkot|hdk xp` ckz ^h|jb`tm`|okz jkoa|`jpòjmh jke`tò ~`xp`økz `||k|`z# ck xp` zmfomamjh ~í|dmdh tkthc d` ch ~mzth k ~k| ck eòkz ~í|dmdh d`tmè~k/ Hpo hcfpokz lpòkz Cklhtkz jke`tò `||k|`z ~k|xp` z` kcqmdho d` `zth| zmè~|` hc`|thz k qhotho d` ~|mzh xp` d`gho ~hzh| epjbhz jkzhz# } hc amohc ~m`|dò eèz tmè~k xp` zm bplm`|ho mdk d`z~hjmk/

Gp`fk7

Z@FPM\ ^MZTHZ/

Poh ~h|tmdh d` qhxp`|kz qh h dh| ~|mojm~mk h po qmhg` ch|fk hc t|hqíz d` chz cchop|hz/ @z~`|ho z`| z`fpmdkz~k| kt|k f|p~k d` ckz zp}kz hc jhlk d` poh zèhoh/ ^k| thotk# z` ~koò d` hjp`|dk ~h|h d`gh|c`zz`øhc`z d` ~mzth k eòzhg`z h ck ch|fk d`c jhemok/ Ckz Cklhtkz dmqmdmdkz ò dkz f|p~kz òqåho pok d``cckz hc t|hqíz d`c jhe~k k d`c lkzxp` %d` ~|à`|òjmh ~k| po jhemok k q`|`dh%/ @ztkz m|èo d`ghodkz`øhc`z# }h z`h ò `c ~mzk# ò chz j`|jhz k ò chz ~m`d|hz# jkozmztòt`z ò ac`jbhz h~pothodk ch dm|`jjmúoxp` qho zmfpmòdk/ @zjkod`|èo eòzhg`z `zj|mtkz ò ~h~`c k ò ~m`d|hz k ò ~`dhwkz d` ehd`|h#dmjmòdk júek c`z bh mdk# dúod` z` ~p`d` òjkot|h| hfph# } hdqm|tmòdk h zpz jke~hø`|kz ckz ~`cmf|kzxp` bh}ho òjkot|hdk/ ,Jhemok xp` `qmth|, "r- ck bh|èo jphodk z`h o`j`zh|mk/ @ot|` thotk# `c kt|k f|p~kd` Cklhtkz zhcd|è thelmío "bhlmòdk dhdk dm`w emoptkz d` qòthgh h ckz Qhxp`|kz-# ok jkek ckz hemfkzxp` `cckz `z~`|ho# zmok ò jhcmdhd d` Modmkz# xp` bho òjkot|hdk ch ~mzth } xp` qho jko ehchzmotòjmko`z ò z`fpmemòtk d` ckz ,Jh|h ^ècmdhz,/ Zmfpò ch ~mzth d`zt|p}òdk tkdhz chz bp`cchz } z`øhc`zd`ghdhz ~k| ckz Qhxp`|kz } c`}òdk zpz eòzhg`z/ Ckz Modmkz ~p`dò# zm ck d`z`ho# ehodh| Zjkptz zkckz

"lpòkz jk||`dk|`z- h bhj`| |`jkokjmemòtk d` `z~mkohg`# dhodk moak|e`z zkl|` `c o÷e`|k } cpfh| dkod`z` òjpòt|ho ckz Qhxp`|kz/ ^`|k ckz Zjkptz Modmkz bhjò thc jkzh h zp ~|k~mk |m`zfk/ Zm pok d` `cckz `zqmztk ~k| ckz Jh|h ^ècmdhz# z` jkoqm`|t` ò zp ~|mzmko`|k } z` zpeh h zp o÷e`|k/"Jphcxpm`| Qhxp`|k xp`q`h h po Zjkpt òèmfk chowh `c f|mtk d` ckz Cklhtkz# } ò z`fpmdh `c Modmk d`l` gpfh| cme~mk }òt|`fh|z`-/ Ckz Jh|h ^ècmdhz `qòtphceòt`# hfktho zpz ~|kqmzmko`z hc amohc d` poh gk|ohdh d` poimcúe`t|k "k eèz-# ck xp` ckz klcmfh h bhj`| hctk/ Zp~komòdk xp` zko Modmkz ckz xp` ckz qho zmfpmòdk# z``zjkodò/ Ckz Modmkz hc dh|z` jpòth d` xp` ch ~mzth }h ok jkotmo÷h lpzjho h ckz Qhxp`|kz "q`| h pok }d`jm| zp okel|` `xpmqhc` h ehth|ck-# ~`|k jphcxpm`| Jh|h ^ècmdh xp` z` chz h||`fc` ~h|h zhcm| d` zp`zjkodmt`# zmo z`| zòtmdk } tkjh h po Modmk zmo xp` íc ck q`h# ck ehth "`z d`jm|/ ck ~ko` ap`|h d` jkelht`-/@c gp`fk ck fhoh `c f|p~k xp` tmò` `c eh}k| o÷e`|k d` zp~`|qmqmòt`z jphodk `c Gà` d` Ehohdh bhj`zkoh| zp zmclhtk/

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Cpfh|`z d` |à`|òjmh

@ojkot|h| `c jhemok ~k| e`dmk d` cpfh|`z d` |à`|òjmh# `z dmztmotk d` òjkot|h|ck ~k| z`øhc`z d` ~mzth/@o q`w d` lpzjh| ò `c ~mzk bh} xp` lpzjh| h tkdk `c |`d`dk| d` po cpfh| xp` ~p`d` z`| hcfk xp` z`òjpòt|` ò `c ~hmzhg` ~`|ehoòtèòt`# xp` tkdk `c epodk jkokwjh } xp` ~p`dh z`| qmztk aèjmceòt`7thc jkek po j`||k# pohz ckehz# po `zthoxp` f|hod`# po è|lkc zkcmth|mk k poh |kjh/ Chz mfc`zmhz } ckz`dmamjmkz f|hod`z ~p`dò z`| d`zmfohdkz jkek cpfh|`z d` |à`|òjmh# } zko ep} ÷tmc`z ~h|h fpmh|z` ~k|

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Z`fpm| poh dm|`jjmúo ~k| e`dmk d` ch l|÷gpch

^k| zp~p`ztk xp` qkzkt|kz jkokjímz ch me~k|thojmh xp` tmò` ch l|÷gpch ~h|h fpmh| po lh|jk ò hcth eh|#}h xp` hccå ok bh} cpfh|`z h ckz xp` |à`|m|z`/ ^`|k xpmwè j|`èmz xp` ch l|÷gpch `z d` ~kjh me~k|thojmh òtm`||h/ @o Mofcht`||h òjkot|h|ímz qkzkt|kz z`øhc`z } ~kzt`z d` emcchz ò tkdkz ckz jhemokz/ Bh} thotkzxp` z` jpòth poh bmztk|mh d` po he`|mjhok xp` jk||åh h ck ch|fk d` chz jh||`t`|hz mofc`zhz ~k| ~|me`|hq`w# ò po hptkeúqmc ep} ~kd`|kzk# } h ~kjk hodh| z` qkct`h h zp hemfk } c` dmj`7,¨Xpí jèòt`|mk tho f|hod`(, ]h qò pzt`d`z júek jkoapodmú ckz ~kzt`z d` emcchz jko tpelhz d`lmdk hco÷e`|k d` chz xp` bhlåh ~hzhdk/ Hdèèz tòèkz ope`|kzkz cpfh| z d` |à`| ojmh7 mfc`zmhz# |pmohz#j`||kz } lkzxp`z/ Zmo èlh|fk# ò hcfpokz kt|kz ~hmz`z `z dmztmotk/ @o Hpzt|hcmh# ~k| `gè~ck# dkod` `c~hztk ~k| dkod` bh} xp` jhemoh| `z eèz hctk xp` po bkel|`# } jko a|`jpòjmh ok bh} jhemokz zmok zúckq`|`dhz lk||kzhz %zmo ~kzt`z d` emcchz% poh l|÷gpch `z ep} ÷tmc/ ^kd|è hjkot`j`| xp` ok bh}h omof÷ocpfh| d` |à`|òjmh } xpmwè tho zúck po j`||k dmzthot`# jplm`|tk ~k| ch o`lcmoh k ~k| `c j|`~÷zjpck/ Ckz

`rt|hog`|kz jhemoho hzå h q`j`z ~k| bk|hz } bk|hz ~òzhodk xp` qho zmfpmòdk poh cåo`h |`jth } ò|`hcmdhd `ztèo dhodk qp`cthz hc|`d`dk| d` po jå|jpck# òt|` hxp`c ~hztk ch|fk# cc`fhodk d`z~píz dèpjbhz bk|hz hc cpfh| d` dkod` ~h|tm`|ko/ Zm pzh|ho ch l|÷gpch gheèz c`z hjkot`j`|åh `ztk/ "^kdímzqkzkt|kz òjkot|h| tkdk ck |à`|òt` hc pzk d` ch l|÷gpch ò ch Díjmehz`fpodh Dòt`cchdh-/

Bh} kt|k e`dmk# hdèèz d` ch l|÷gpch# ~h|h ~kd`| òjkot|h| `c Ok|t` `c Zp|# `c @zt` } `c K`zt`/ Jphodkqkzkt|kz ~hzímz h z`| Zjkptz h~|òd`|ímz h òjkot|h| `c Ok|t` ~k| e`dmk d`c |`ckg } d`c zkc7 hzå jkek hòjkot|h| ch dm|`jjmúo ~k| e`dmk d` chz `zt|`cchz/ ^`|k `rmztò hcfpokz eítkdkz eèz zòjmcckz xp` po

==



Cklhtk ~p`d` pzh|/ \`jk|dhd ~|me`|k xp` zm ~kdímz z`øhch| poh dm|`jjmúo# dmfhekz `c @zt` %~kdímzz`øhch| kt|hz jko f|ho ahjmcmdhd/ Zm qkzkt|kz zhlímz ~k| dúod` xp`dh `c @zt`# `ztm|hd `c l|hwk d`|`jbkjkek ~h|h ~ko`|kz ò j|pw z`øhchodk bhjmh `c @zt` } `zth|ímz qmòdk bhjmh `c Ok|t`/ @c Zp| xp`dh|è hqp`zt|h `z~hcdh } qp`zt|k l|hwk mwxpm`|dk# h~poth|è bhjmh `c K`zt / Ck emzek d`jm|/ ~k| zp~p`ztk# jko|`z~`jtk h jphcxpm`| ~potk xp` qkzkt|kz jkokwjèmz/ Zm ap`|` `c K`zt` `c xp` qkzkt|kz jkokjímz jkoj`|t`wh# `rtòd`d qp`zt|k l|hwk mwxpm`|dk ò `zh dm|`jjmúo9 zm ap`z` `c Zp|# ~ko`kz d` `z~hcdh bhjmh íc/@o `zth ak|eh xp`dh|ímz zmè~|`# qmòdk bhjmh `c Ok|t`/ Po lpò eítkdk ~h|h jkokj`| po |pelk# `z ~k| `c Zkc/ Qkzkt|kz tkdkz zhlímz xp` `c Zkc zhc` ~k| `c @zt` } z` ep`q` bhjmh `c K`zt` xp` `z ~k| dkod` z`

~ko`/ Hzå# ~p`z# zm `z` `z `c @zt`# `c K`zt` z`|è `c ~potk `rhjtheòt` jkot|h|mk/ Zm }h tmò` hcfpohzbk|hz d` bhl`| zhcmdk `c Zkc# ~òzh|ímz ò ch ak|eh ò xp` z` ep`q`# ò `c f|ho h|jk xp` d`zj|ml` }~kd|ímz gpwfh| "d` eho`|h h~|krmehdh- `c cpfh| ~k| dkod` zhcmú# xp` z`|è `c @zt`/ Zm z` t|hth d` ch ~p`zthd`c Zkc z`|è h qkzkt|kz aèjmc z`øhch| òz`fpmdh `c K`zt` xp` `z ~k| dkod` z` ~ko`/

GP@FKZ

GP@FK D@ IME/

@c gp`fk d` Ime ok `z dmaåjmc# `z zúck jp`ztmúo d` ~|èjtmjh `c ~ko`|z` dpjbk ò íc/Jphodk qkzkt|kz `ztímz qmòdk ch jbh|kch# amghkz òz`fpmdh ò ckz klg`tkz xp` z`ho eèz aèjmc`z d` |`tò`| } f|hlhdckz ò qp`zt|h eèk|mh# d` eho`|h `z~`jmhc# d`ghodk ckz aèjmc`z ~h|h xp` z` amgò ò `cch ~k| zåzkckz/ ^k| `gè~ck# ch jpjbmcch Zjkpt# `c bhjbh# `c tmot`|k# z` f|hlh|èo ò qp`zt|h eèk|mh ~k| zå emzekz#

emòt|hz xp` po lktúo d` fío`|k# poh ~`|mcch } poh jhgh d` aúzak|kz z` lk||h|èo d` `cch jko ahjmcmdhd/@zth emzeh |`fch z` h~cmjh h kt|kz gp`fkz d` klz`|qhjmúo } eèk|mh/

HJ@JBK D@C Q@OHDK/

@c Gà` d` Ehohdh hjt÷h jkek qòhdk9 ok z` `zjkod`# zmok xp` ~`|eho`j` d` ~m` ekqmíodkz` d`jphodk ò jphodk/ Ch Ehohdh òt`|h zhc` ò lpzjh d`c qòhdk9 jhdh pok t|hth# h zp eho`|h# d` cc`fh| híc zmo z`| qmztk/ @o jphotk `c Gà` d` Ehohdh q` h po Cklhtk# c` k|dòh xp`dh|z` xpm`tk ~k| bhl`| ahcchdk/D`z~píz d` jm`|tk tmè~k `c Gà` d` Ehohdh f|mth ,Hctk, } tkdkz z` d`tmòò ò `c cpfh| ò xp` z`òjpòt|ho# fhohodk `c xp` z` bhcc` eèz j`|jh d`c Qòhdk/@zt` emzek gp`fk ~p`d` ~|hjtmjh|z` ~h|h ~ko`| h ~|p`lh h ckz Cklhtkz ò zp bhlmcmdhd ~h|h hodh| zmobhj`| |pmdk/@c gp`w tòd|è ckz kgkz qòdhdkz/ Z`|è e`gk| ~|èjtmjh dkod` bh}h bkghz z`jhz# ~m`d|hz# f|hqh# `tj/#

tm|hdhz ò `c zp`ck/Jhdh Cklhtk t|hth ~k| tp|ok d` tkjh| hc xp` `ztè qòdhdk# jkeòwhodk d`zd` poh dmzthojmh d` jmòe`t|kz# } d`lmòdk bhj`|ck jko ~|kotmtpd# dmfhekz ò po emoptk } e`dmk/ @c Cklhtk xp` cc`fp` eèz j`|jhd`c gp`w# zmo z`| kådk k d`tòmdk# `z `c xp` fhoh/

CH LHTHCCH OHQHC/

Poh ~p`|th hlm`|th |`~|`zòth ch òt|hdh d`c ~p`|tk# } dkz Cklhtkz jko ckz kgkz qòdhdkz h jhdh chdk d``cch# po ~h| d` j|pj`|kz/Ckz kt|kz Cklhtkz %ckz lh|jkz òèmfkz% t|htho d` òt|h| h ~p`|tk# pok ~k| pok# zmo bhj`| `c eòk| |pmdk#~h|h xp` ok ckz ht|h~ò ckz jòtmo`chz/

^\ÈJTMJHZ D@ @ELKZJHDHZ/

Ch Ehohdh z` dmqmd` ò dkz f|p~kz# pok xp` zhc` ~|me`|k } z` `zjkod` ò ch ehc`wh# `tj/# h po chdk d`cjhemok/ @c kt|k zhc` d`t|èz# } qh okel|hodk h hxp`cckz Cklhtkz xp` qh qmòdk# zmo zhcm|z` d`c jhemok/ Z`~p`d` jkotmoph| gpfhodk ~k| `c tmè~k xp` z` d`z``# po f|p~k } `c kt|k hct`|oèodkz` ~h|h z`| poh q`w ckzxp` z` `zjkodò } kt|h ckz xp` lpzjho/ Hc ~|mojm~mk d`l`|è dh|z` eh}k| tmè~k h ckz xp` z` `zjkodò~h|h xp` ck bhfho# ~`|k ~kjk h ~kjk tòd|èo xp` bhj`|ck jko eh}k| |h~md`w/Ch k~k|tpomdhd d` pok xp` jh`# z`|è zmè~|` h~|kq`jbhdh ~h|h xp` `c |`ztk d`c f|p~k# tho |è~mdheòt`jkek ~p`dh# z` `zjkodh d` thc eho`|h xp` jphodk |`f|`z` zp jke~hø`|k bh}ho d`zh~h|`jmdk jkek~k| h|t` d` ehfmh/ @ztk jhpzh f|ho dmq`|zmúo h ckz Cklhtkz/

OHTMQKZ/

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Jphodk ckz Cklhtkz bho ckf|hdk }h f|ho àmjhjmh ~h|h `zjkod`|z`# ~p`dò z`| dmqmdmdkz ò t|`zZ`mzòhz/ Poh z` jkoztmtp}` ò ~h|tmdh d` `r~ck|hdk|`z } chz kt|hz dkz |`~|`zòth|èo h ckz ,Ohtmqkz,/@c f|p~k d` `r~ck|hdk|`z zhcd|è ò ak|eh h~|k~mhdh } ò jhdh `dmamjmk# ~klchjmúo k f|p~k d` è|lkc`z bh|èhctk } ehodh|è pokz Zjkptz h `r~ck|h| jkek ck bh|åh jphcxpm`| q`|dhd`|k `r~ck|hdk|/ Poh d` chzZ`mzòhz d` ,Ohtmqkz, z` bhl|è `zjkodmdk } hjtph|è h |htkz d` eho`|h hemfhlc`# } h |htkz jkek t|mlpbkztmc/Emòt|hz poh d` chz ~ht|pcchz d` ,Ohtmqkz, cc`qh hc jhlk `zt` t|hlhgk# ch kt|h z` hd`choth|è } z` ~|`~h|h|è/

@zt` gp`fk# h||`fchdk ò ak|eh hd`jphdh# ~|kdpjm|è f|ho òt|`tòmemòtk# hc emzek tmè~k xp` ~k| zpe`dmk# ~p`dò òz`øh|z` hjtmqmdhd`z d` Cklhtkz/

Zhcth|/

Z` z`øhch|è ò `c ~mzk po ,\åk,# jko ~m`d|hz ò xpí ~mzh| } po qhdk9 `c Cklhtk tmò` xp` j|pwh|c` d` po`rt|èk h kt|k zhcthodk ò po ~m`/ Ok d`l`|è d`zjhozh| ~h|h ohdh# zmok xp` d`l`|è jkotmoph| l|mojhodktkdk `c tmè~k/

Tkdkz `ztkz dma`|òt`z gp`fkz ~|k~k|jmkoh|èo h qkzkt|kz ~|èjtmjh ò hj`jbk "qíhz` ,Klz`|qhjmúo } hj`jbk,-# xp` kz h}pdh|è h jkoz`|qh| `c dkemomk zkl|` qkzkt|kz emzekz jkozthotèòt` } h tò`| ckzkgkz } kådkz lmò hlm`|tkz# d` thc eho`|h# xp` f|hdphceòt` qh}èmz zmòdk e`gk|`z } eèz |è~mdkzklz`|qhdk|`z# xp` |`jkokwjèmz jko ahjmcmdhd dma`|òt`z homehc`z } hq`z } d`zjpl|èmz dmztmothz ack|`z#è|lkc`z } h|lpztkz/ @o jphcxpm`|h d` `zthz dkz eht`|mhz xp` `zjkgèmz ~h|h qp`zt|h Mozmfomh# d`l`|ímzbhj`| `ztpdmkz ~k| jpòth ~|k~mh# } ok zkcheòt` htò`|kz h cml|kz k h ck xp` z` kz dmfh/ Po klz`|qhdk| `z hxp`c xp` òjpòt|h ~k| zå emzek chz jkzhz# hpo jphodk `ztk c` tke` epjbk tmè~k } ~hjmòjmh# ~`|kh ch q`w ch |`jke~òzh c` jhpzh|è f|ho hc`f|åh d`zjpl|mòdk ~k| zå emzek/

8>8

http://www.siemprescout.org/biblioteca/mlobatos/#acecho






JH^ÅTPCK JPH\TK

@Z^@JMHCMDHD D@ GH\DMO@\K


D`l`|ímz |`jk|dh| xp` ch hamjmúo d` Gh|dmo`|åh d`z~m`|th qh|mhz d` chz jphcmdhd`z xp` qkzkt|kz d`z`h|åhmzq`| ò tkdk Cklhtk %thc`z jkek ~hjmòjmh } jkozthojmh# ~|`qmzmúo# klz`|qhjmúo# hek| h ch Ohtp|hc`wh } d`zt|`wh d` ehokz/

Hdèèz# z` d`l`|è mot`|`zh| ò `cch thotk h ckz Cklhtkz d` ch jmpdhd# jkek d`c jhe~k/ Ckz eèzhak|tpohdkz ~kz``|èo po gh|dåo# ~`|k chz ~|p`lhz zpztmtpthz dho ch ~kzmlmcmdhd hc Cklhtk xp` ok ~kz``poh ~h|j`ch# d` jkokj`| ch dmq`|zmúo d`c gh|dåo ~k| ck eòkz ò po zòtmdk cmemthdk/ Ckz Gà`z d` Ehohdh xp` ckf|ò òtpzmhzeh| h zpz Cklhtkz ò ch gh|dmo`|åh# tòd|èo ch zhtmzahjjmúo d`zhl`| xp` ckz bho jkckjhdk hc ~|mojm~mk d` poh hamjmúo xp` dp|h|è tkdh ch qmdh# }h xp` `c emj|klmk d` cham`l|` d` ch gh|dmo`|åh `z ~|èjtmjheòt` mojp|hlc`/

Zpf`|òjmhz ~h|h ckz Cklhtkz ò gh|dmo`|åh

Ckz Cklhtkz xp` tmòò ch zpamjm ot ak|tpoh d` ~kz `| po gh|dåo# zhlò xp` ch gh|dmo`|åh `z poòt|`tòmemòtk jp}k mot`|íz z` jkoz`|qh tkdk `c høk/ Hc amohc d`c moqm`|ok } ~|mojm~mkz d` ch ~|mehq`|h# `ct`||òk tmò` xp` z` |èkqmdk } ~|`~h|hdk ~h|h jkckjh| ò íc chz zèmcchz d` chz q`|dp|hz k ack|`z/D`z~píz qmò` ch zmèl|h } ~chothjmúo9 eèz th|d`# ò `c q`|hok# bh} xp` t|hz~choth|# xpmth| ch ehc`wh# ch~kdh } `c |m`fk/ Hpo ò `c ktkøk bh} epjbk xp`bhj`| d` ~|`~h|hjmúo ~h|h `c zmfpmòt` høk/ ^p`z zm ok z`bhjò ~cho`z jko hotmjm~hjmúo# } zm z` kcqmdh xpèh| ch lhzp|h } bhj`| ch cme~mh fò`|hc d`c gh|dåo ò `cq`|hok# ok qhcd|è ch ~òh d` qkcq`| h q`|ck/ ^k| thotk# tkdk gh|dmo`|k tmò` xp` ~òzh| ò íc jkohotmjm~hjmúo/Hdèèz d` bhj`| ~cho`z# `z ep} me~k|thot` ch jkozthojmh %ok d`zjpmdò zp gh|dåo ~k| pohz jphothzzèhohz# ~p`z d`z~píz z`|è dmaåjmc ~ko`|ck ò lpò `zthdk/ Ch ehc`wh j|`j` eèz h~|mzh xp` chz ~chothzlpòhz/Kt|k ~`xp`øk jkoz`gk7 `jbò po qmzthwk h kt|k gh|dåo# jphodk tòfho ~h|h `cck k~k|tpomdhd# } `zjpjbòchz jbh|chz d` ckz gh|dmo`|kz# ~p`z d` `zh eho`|h ~p`dò |`jkf`| moamomdhd d` dhtkz/Kltòd|ímz qkzkt|kz ckz e`gk|`z |`zpcthdkz zm jkeòwèmz h t|hlhgh| qp`zt|k gh|dåo ò ch ~|mehq`|h/ Zmtòímz dúod` `zjkf`|# `zjkf`d po t ||òk xp` ok `ztí zkel|`hdk ~k| è|lkc z/ @rjhqhdck~|kapodheòt`/ cme~mèodkck d` ehc`wh } d` bm`|lhz/ Zm qkzkt|kz ~kdímz hfòjmè|kzck# |`qkcq`d h ch tm`||h`ztmí|jkc } bkghz d` è|lkc z`jhz/ D`zeòpwhd lmò ch tm`||h } omq`chdch jko po |hzt|mcck/ Jphodk bh}èmzb`jbk `ztk `zth|ímz cmztkz ~h|h ~kd`| zèl|h| ck xp` xp`|èmz/

Ch zmèl|h

Z` ~p`dò jke~|h| zèmcchz d` tkdh jchz` d` ~|`jmkz ep} |`dpjmdkz ò ~hxp`t`z9 ò ckz xp` jkoa|`jpòjmh qmòò chz mozt|pjjmko`z d` júek d`l`|èo zèl|h|z`/ Bh} zèmcchz d` ack|`z# xp` bh} xp`

8><



zèl|h| jhdh høk jkek chz d` ehåw# } ch |`z`dè/ Bh} kt|hz xp` z` zmèl|ho jhdh dkz høkz/ ] kt|hz zko ~`|òo`z# xp` xpm`|` d`jm| xp` ch ~choth dp|h qh|mkz høkz/ ^`|k chz xp` dp|ho po zúck høk zko chze`gk|`z# `z~`jmhceòt` ~h|h jkeòwh|/ Hc `jbh| chz zèmcchz# zm `c t`||òk `ztè zpeheòt` zp`ctk#~mzhdck po ~kxpmtk# ~p`z chz zèmcchz z` d`zh||kccho e`gk| ò t`||òk dp|k/ Zm chz zèmcchz zko f|hod`z"jkek chz d` jbåjbh|k k l`||k- bh} xp` jkckjh| poh ~k| poh h po jòtåe`t|k } e`dmk d`c ~mzk/ Zm chzzèmcchz zko ~`xp`øhz jkek chz d` heh~kch# z` |m`fho zkl|` `c t`||òk } d`z~píz z` jke~|me` ch tm`||hzphqèòt / Ok bh} xp` zèl|h| chz zèmcchz jbmjhz ò po dåh hm|kzk# ~p`z òtkoj`z jh`|èo ap`|h d`c~|hdk/

Hcfpohz zèmcchz ohjò ò pokz jphotkz dåhz# tkdk d`~òd` d`c tmè~k9 ~`|k ok bh} xp` me~hjmòth|z`~k|xp` ~hzò poh k dkz zèhohz } ok bh}ho jkeòwhdk h ohj`|/ Jphodk }h `ztío po ~kxpmtk j|`jmdhzhcfpohz tòd|èo xp` z`| zhjhdhz9 ck xp` ccheho ,ò|h|`j`|,# } ch |hwúo ~h|h `cck `z xp` chz ~chothzo`j`zmtho epjbk zkc } hm|`# } zm ckz thcckz `ztèo dèhzmhdk gpotkz omofpok j|`j`|è jko ~|k~m`dhd/ Ckzthcckz ò hcfpokz jhzkz tòd|èo xp` z`| dàòdmdkz d`c zkc zm ízt` `z dèhzmhdk jhcmòt`/

Zèl|hodk ~chothz

Zm ò q`w d` zèmcchz kz d`jmdåz ~k| ~chothz# bhj`d po hfpg`|k zpamjmòtèòt` f|hod` ~h|h xp` chz|håj`z d` `cchz ~p`dho `rtòd`|z`# jpl|mdchz lmò jko tm`||h amoh# jkoz`|qhd ch zp~`|amjm` d`c t`||òkhackghdh jko hwhdúo# ehthodk ch ehc`wh } hc emzek tmè~k ~`|emtmòdk hc hm|` } h ch bpe`dhd xp`~ò`t|ò/

\m`fk } cme~mh d` ehc`wh

Zm qkzkt|kz q`mz xp` qp`zt|k gh|dåo o`j`zmth |m`fk# |`fhdck dp|hot` ch th|d` } ok zkcheòt` h e`dmk ekgh| ch zp~`|amjm`9 chz |håj`z zko ~|kapodhz } ~k| thotk z` o`j`zmth f|ho jhotmdhd d` hfph/H||hojhd tkdh ch ehc`wh zmo ~m`dhd9 zkcheòt` ~k| `r~`|mòjmh z` cc`fh h jkokj`| ch q`|dhd`|h ehc`wh/^k| zp~p`ztk tkdk `c epodk ~p`d` dmztmofpm| `c heh|fúo# ch k|tmfh } chz dma`|òt`z jchz`z d` whjht`9 ~`|kbh} epctmtpd d` kt|hz# òt|` chz jphc`z chz ~`k|`z zko ch jk||`fó`ch } ch f|heh# xp` tmòò |håj`zbk||òdhz xp` z` òchwho hc|`d`dk| d` chz ~chothz } chz hbkfho/

^chothz d` ehj`th

Poh ~choth d` ehj`th o`j`zmth eèz jpmdhdk xp` poh ~choth xp` j|`j` hc hm|` cml|`9 ~k| thotk# qkzkt|kztòímz xp` zhl`| eèz hj`|jh d` `cch/ ^k| `gè~ck# ok z` ~kd|è zhl`| jpèodk o`j`zmth hfph9 ~`|k zmfkc~`èmz qkzkt|kz ch ehj`th } ízth dh po zkomdk jch|k# `ztk xpm`|` d`jm| xp` ch ~choth `ztè dèhzmhdkz`jh9 `jbhd hfph h||mlh d` ch ehj`th qh|mhz q`j`z# bhzth xp` ízth `zjp||h jko ahjmcmdhd/ Zm `c zkomdk `zzk|dk# ch ~choth ok `ztè ep} z`jh/ Po Cklhtk jko lpò kådk# ~|kotk dmztmofpm|è ch dma`|òjmh/ Opojh|`fpímz jko hfph dèhzmhdk a|åh# thc jkek zhc` d` ch cchq`9 `c hfph d` ccpqmh `z ch e`gk|# } opojh bh} xp`d`gh| ch ehj`th d`lhgk d` poh cchq` d` hfph/Hcfpohz q`j`z ckz b`c`jbkz } kt|hz ~chothz fpztho d` z`| zpe`|fmdkz ò po jplk d` hfph dp|hot` poh kdkz bk|hz } hdèèz ckz b`c`jbkz } chz ~chothz/ ~p`dò z`| zhjhdhz h ch ccpqmh ò po dåh jhcp|kzk/^`|k tò`d jpmdhdk jko ckz qmòtkz a|åkz d` hap`|h } jko chz jk||mòt`z ò ch jhzh/ Chz ~chothz d` ehj`tho`j`zmtho hm|` } zkc# ~`|k kdmho chz jk||mòt`z/ Hcfpohz q`j`z dh lpò |`zpcthdk cme~mh| chz bkghz d` chz~chothz jko hfph tmlmh } poh `z~kogh# ~h|h xpmth|c`z `c ~kcqk# ~`|k `ztk bh} xp` bhj`|ck jko zpekjpmdhdk/Zko ehfoåamjhz ~chothz ~h|h ehj`th ckz f`|homkz# ckz ghjmotkz } ckz oh|jmzkz/

Gh|dmo`|hz

Z` ~p`dò h||`fch| ~|`jmkzheòt` jko ack|`z ò ch ~|mehq`|h } dp|hot` `c q`|hok jko dkz k t|`z f`|homkzd` ckz |kgkz# t|`~hdk|`z9 k ~chothdkz d` chz zèmcchz hophc`z/ Ckz l`||kz j|`jò ep} lmò ò chz

gh|dmo`|hz# thelmío chz t|`~hdk|hz/ \`jp`|dò xp` po lpò |m`fk d` jphodk ò jphodk# `z e`gk| xp` po|m`fk zp~`|amjmhc ep} z`fpmdk/

Lpclkz ò hfph

8>:



Jkoz`fpåkz po th||k jko `c jp`cck eèz ~`xp`øk xp` `c lpclk ~h|h xp` ízt` ok z` qh}h hc akodk/ Ccòhdckjko hfph } `zjkf`d po lpclk lkomtk } am|e`# jkckjhdck ò `c jp`cck d`c th||k/ ^ko`dck ò ch klzjp|mdhdbhzth xp` jkemòj` h h~h|`j`| ch |håw } òtkoj`z cc`qhdck h ch cpw/@c ~|`tmc d` poh qòthoh `z po lpò cpfh| ~h|h ~ko`|ck/ Jhelmhdck d` hfph poh q`w h ch zèhoh/ Ok ckzpg`tímz h epjbk jhck| hc ~|mojm~mk/

Zèl|h| ekzthwh } j|`zkz ò poh a|ho`ch

Tkehd poh zhcz`|h# po ~chtk } po ~`dhwk d` a|ho`ch d`c thehøk d`c ~chtk k d` ch zhcz`|h/ Zkl|` `cch#d`z~píz d` bpe`d`j`|ch |kjmhd ch zèmcch# jpmdhodk d` xp` ch a|ho`ch opojh z` z`xp`/

8>4



JH^ÅTPCK XPMOTK

@Z^@JMHCMDHD D@ H\TMZTH


Ckz Gà`z d` Ehohdh d`l`|èo jkoth| jko xp` ch @z~`jmhcmdhd d` H|tmzth ok `ztè b`jbh `rjcpzmqheòt` ~h|h hxp`cckz xp` d` hotèhok }h tmòò fpztk } thcòtk h|tåztmjk# zmok ~h|h tkdk hxp`c Cklhtk xp` ~kz``kgkz# d`dkz } zòtmdk jke÷o/ Zp klg`tk `z hcòth| h Cklhtk h `r~|`zh|z`# h klz`|qh|# h eèk|mwh|# ht|hlhgh| jko cme~m`wh } h jkojòt|h|z`/ Ckz epjbhjbkz mot`cmfòt`z d`l`|èo z`| hcòthdkz h hdxpm|m| `zthMozmfomh } d` poh eho`|h `z~`jmhc ò ch mojcmohjmúo xp` ò `cckz z` okt`# zm `c Gà` d` Ehohdh jpòthòt| zpz hemfkz jko hcfpokz h|tmzthz# d`l`|è jkoz`fpm| xp` hzmztho h zpz |`pomko`z ~h|h xp` c`z dòjkoz`gkz h ckz epjbhjbkz } c`z jk||mgho zpz t|hlhgkz/ Jmojk emoptkz d` jkoz`gkz ~k| ~h|t` d` po `r~`|tk#xp` tòfh hceh d` h|tmzth# `xpmqhcò h jmojk bk|hz d` jkoz`gkz d` po hamjmkohdk# xp` zkcheòt` tòfh dèh`zt|k# ch lpòh qkcpothd/

Hpo jphodk ok z` mozmzt` ò xp` z` h~`fpò h chz |`fchz hjhdíemjhz# zå z` |`xpm`|` fpztk } `g`jpjmúoh|tåztmjh/ ^k| `gè~ck# po f|p~k d` motòtkz f|kt`zjkz# ~|`zòthdkz ~k| po epjbhjbk xp` z`h e`|heòt`

po ,jhwhdk| d` mozmfomhz,# zmo thcòtk h|tåztmjk d` omofpoh jchz`# ok he`|mth xp` z` c` dí ch Mozmfomh/ ^k| `c jkot|h|mk# po d`z`k fòpmok d` `r~|`zh| md`hz# hpo jphodk z` bhfh ò ak|eh j|pdh# d`l`|è z`| zmè~|`hcòthdk/

Zpf`|òjmhz ~h|h ckz Cklhtkz

Tkdk `c epodk ~p`d` dmlpgh| zm t|hth d` bhj`|ck9 ok z` o`j`zmth h~|òd`|/Zm qkzkt|kz ~|hjtmjèmz po ~kjk# } jk~mèmz jphd|kz d` kt|kz ~h|h q`| júek z` chz h||`fch `c h|tmzth# ~|kotkkz dh|ímz jpòth d` xp` ~kdímz bhj`| hcfk/Tkdk h|tmzth ò `c epodk tpqk poh í~kjh ò xp` ok ~pdk dmlpgh| e`gk| xp` jphcxpm`| kt|k epjbhjbk~`xp`øk/Ok `z~`|ímz jkoq`|tm|kz ò h|tmzthz d` fkc~` } ~k||hwk9 ck ~|klhlc` `z# xp` ck bhfèmz lhzthot` ehc hc~|mojm~mk# ~`|k tò`d jkozthojmh# ` m|ímz h~|òdmòdk ~kjk h ~kjk/@ztk ok `z jp`ztmúo d` h~|òdmwhg` d` `zjp`ch/

8>0



@o ch ~h|t` eèz zhcqhg` d`c Ha|mjh d`c Zp|# qmqò hcfpohz t|mlpz ohtmqhz# tho ~kjk jmqmcmwhdhz# xp` h~òhzzko hcfk e`gk| xp` ekokz/ Ok tmòò còfphg` ~|k~mk# qmqò ò ch ehc`wh } ò ckz è|lkc`z# ok pzhoq`ztmdkz# ok jkjmoho zpz hcmeòtkz# ckz jkeò j|pdkz9 zko q`|dhd`|kz zhcqhg`z# } zmo èlh|fk t|hwhoep} lpòkz dmlpgkz ò ckz ep|kz d` zpz jp`qhz# } ò chz |kjhz/Opojh h~|òdm`|ko h dmlpgh| ò ch `zjp`ch# ok zhlò zmxpm`|h ck xp` `z poh `zjp`ch/ ^`|k jko po ~hckxpèhdk h fpmzh d` cè~mw } ckdk d` dma`|òt`z jkck|`z# jkek ~motp|h# ahl|mjho jphd|kz `z~cíodmdkz d` ckzhomehc`z zhcqhg`z xp` z` òjpòt|ho h zp hc|`d`dk|/Zm `ztkz bkel|`z d` ch z`cqh# jkek zko cchehdkz# ~p`dò bhj`| lpòkz dmlpgkz jko ÷mtmc`z |pdmeòth|mkz#zkl|` chz ~m`d|hz } zmo omofpoh mozt|pjjmúo# z`fp|heòt` xp` po Cklhtk ~kd|è bhj`| ck emzek ptmcmwhodklpòkz cè~mj`z d` jkck|`z k ~moj`c`z# lpò ~h~`c } lpòkz jkoz`gkz/ @ozh}hd/Zhjhdc` lpòh ~poth h qp`zt|kz cè~mj`z# ~p`z jko `cck tòd|ímz fhohdh ch emthd d` ch ~h|tmdh# hc bhj`| podmlpgk/ Gheèz ~kd|ímz bhj`| po lpò dmlpgk# hc ~|mojm~mk# jko po cè~mw d` ~poth |keh/Ck emzek bh} xp` d`jm| d` ckz dmlpgkz h ~cpeh9 pzhd poh ~cpeh d` ~potkz dp|kz } tmoth jbmoh/

Qp`zt|k jhlhcck/

Jphodk dmlpgímz/ opojh ~kofèmz poh cåo`h k po tkxp` zmo tò`| lpòh |hwúo ~h|h `cck# d` ck jkot|h|mk# `cjphd|k z` qp`cq` jkoapzk/@c ekdk h~|k~mhdk `z ~òzh| zkl|` ck xp` qkzkt|kz t|htímz d` dmlpgh|# d`z~píz dmlpghd po jkotk|ok zphq`%|`jk||míodkck òz`fpmdh jko cåo`hz eèz kzjp|hz } ~|`jmzhz/@c ~h~`c cme~mk h}pdh thelmío epjbk h bhj`| po lpò dmlpgk# ~`|k gheèz kltòd|ímz ~h~`c cme~mk zmqp`zt|kz d`dkz `ztèo zpjmkz/

Ak|eh

8>1



^òzhd ò ck xp` d`z`èmz dmlpgh| } dmlpghdck ck e`gk| xp` ~kdèmz/ ^kd|è |`zpcth| po jhlhcck jko pojp`|~k ep} ch|fk } jko poh jhl`wh } po jp`cck ò poh `zxpmoh# chz dkz ~hthz d`chot`|hz ò kt|h# chzkt|hz dkz ò ch t`|j`|h } ch jkch ò ch jph|th9 poh q`w dmlpghdk ok z` ~h|`j`|è ò ohdh hc homehc xp`qèkz ò chz jhcc`z/ Jkoz`fpåkz òtkoj`z po dmlpgk b`jbk ~k| po h|tmzth# } jk~mhdck/@otkoj`z q`|ímz xpí ap` ck xp` ahctú ò qp`zt|k dmlpgk ~h|h xp` bplm`|h zmdk `c d` po jhlhcck/

@c emzek#b`jbk ~k| po h|tmzth

Dmlpghd poh jhzh# po è|lkc# po bkel|`# k ck xp` qkzkt|kz xp`|èmz/ @o z`fpmdh jk~mhd d` po jphd|k zkl|``c emzek hzpotk } q`|ímz ~k| qkzkt|kz emzekz júek ~kdímz bhj`|ck e`gk|/Bh} hcfpokz `||k|`z xp` jke`tò tkdkz ckz ~|mojm~mhot`z hc dmlpgh| poh amfp|h bpehoh } `z xp` c` bhjòckz l|hwkz dèhzmhdk jk|tkz/ Jphodk qkzkt|kz bh}èmz dmlpghdk ckz l|hwkz d` po bkel|`# ~òzhd ò ckzqp`zt|kz ~|k~mkz# »~kd|åh jko zpz l|hwkz tkjh| zmxpm`|h chz |kdmcchz zm ckz `rtòdm`|h bhjmh hlhgk;Qkzkt|kz òjkot|h|åhmz ~|klhlcèòt xp` h~òhz ~kdåh tkjh|z` jko `cckz ckz jphd|mc`z/ Hdèèz#tòd|ímz ch tòdòjmh d` dmlpgh| ~m`|ohz ep} f|hod`z } jp`|~kz ep} ~`xp`økz } ~|klhlcèòt` zmojp`cck/ Pok d` ckz f|hod`z h|tmzthz d`c epodk# Emfp`c Hof`c# tòåh ~h|tmjpch| è~`øk ò dmlpgh| } bhj`| `zthtphz d`c jp`|~k bpehok jko q`|dhd`|h ~|k~k|jmúo# ` moqòtú poh `zjhch ep} zòjmcch/ Jphcxpm`| Cklhtk ~p`d` bhj`|ch } jke~h|h| jko `cch zpz dmlpgkz ~h|h q`| zm `ztèo jk||`jtkz/ Jkozmzt` ízth ò pojphd|hdk dmqmdmdk ò jpht|k ~h|t`z `rhjthz# jko ch ~h|t` zp~`|mk| dmqmdmdh `rhjtheòt` ò t|`z/

Zm qkzkt|kz kz amgèmz ò `c dmlpgk q`|ímz xp` `c jòt|k `rhjtk jkmojmd` jko `c jòt|k d`c jp`|~k d`c bkel|`9xp` zpz ~m`|ohz cc`fho bhzth ch k|mcch moa`|mk|9 xp` zpz l|hwkz `rtòdmdkz cht`|hceòt`# jko ckz d`dkzthelmío `rtòdmdkz# tkjho ~|`jmzheòt` ckz dkz `rt|èkz cht`|hc`z d`c jphd|hdk/ Zp jhl`wh tkjh ch cåo`hzp~`|mk|# tòmòdk tkdk `c hojbk d` ch ÷ctmeh ahgh k z`h poh z`rth ~h|t` d`c tkthc d`c jphd|hdk/ Thc `z ckxp` Emfp`c Hof`c jkozmd`|hlh ch ~|k~k|jmúo jk||`jth d`c jp`|~k bpehok# ~k| thotk# j|`k xp` okzkt|kz~kdèkz h~cmjh|ch jko z`fp|mdhd jkek `zjhch d` op`zt|kz dmlpgkz/

8>6



@r~|`zmúo

Jphodk qkzkt|kz bh}èmz b`jbk }h `c jkotk|ok d` ch jkzh k z`h zp ak|eh %d`l`|ímz ~ko`| ò `cch hcfpohqmdh/Qm `c kt|k dåh po ehfoåamjk |`t|htk b`jbk ~k| po omøk ~`xp`øk# d` jmojk høkz# d` zp ehd|`/

Ch ~pdk bhl`| dmlpghdk hzå7

^`|k ok ck bmwk# jkek z` t|hthlh d` po dåh hm|kzk ch dmlpgú jkek ch q`åh# ck jphc jkozmd`|kep} lmò/^p`z lmò# jkek ckz q`ztmdkz d` zp ehd|` `|ho zhjpdmdkz ~k| `c qmòtk z` ekqåho# } ~k| thotk íc ok ~kdåh dmlpgh| jko cåo`hz amghz poh jkzh xp` z` ekqåh tkdk `c tmè~k9 ck xp` bmwkap` dmlpgh| ckz dklc`j`z xp` |`jk|dú d` zp q`ztmdk/

Hzå z` dmlpgh po lpò jphd|k9 z` qò chz jkzhz jko ckz kgkz hlm`|tkz d` po lpò cklk# z` |`jp`|dh júekchz qmk } cp`fk z` ~hzho hc ~h~`c/Poh ak|eh jkoqòmòt` ~h|h `r~|`zh| `c ekqmemòtk ò qp`zt|kz dmlpgkz `z bhj`| po ~`xp`øk lkj`tk dàmfp|hz jko jhl`wh d` hcamc`| bhzth jkoz`fpm| xp` |`~|`zòtò ck xp` qkzkt|kz xp`|ímz/ Dmlpgèodkchz eèzth|d` ò eh}k|`z ~|k~k|jmko`z/

h- B` hxpå po Zjkpt d` jhl`wh d` hcamc`|9 l- Bhj`dck ekqmíodkz`9j- Bhj`dck jk||mòdk9 d- Dmlpghdck jk||mòdk/

@c jkck|

Qkzkt|kz d`z`h|åhmz ~k| zp~p`ztk# bhj`| jphd|kz h jkck|`z/ ^p`z lmò/ ~kd|ímz bhj`| epjbk hc ~|mojm~mkjko zúck t|`z cè~mj`z7 pok jkck|hdk# kt|k hwpc } kt|k o`f|k/ ^kdímz dmlpgh| po epø`jk jko ch jh|hjkck|hdh# `c zhjk hwpc } chz lkthz o`f|hz/ Ck e`gk| `z dmlpgh| `c jkotk|ok ~|me`|k ep} dílmc# jko cè~mwo`f|k } d`z~píz ~ko`|c` `c jkck|/K ~kdímz dmlpgh| po lh|jk o`f|k d` qh~k|# jko jbmeò`hz |kghz# zkl|` po eh| hwpc } po jm`ck hwpc/ ^ko`djk~kz lchojkz zkl|` chz kchz } opl`z lchojhz ò `c jm`ck# hf|`fhdc` `c bpek o`f|k |mwhdk# ep} o`f|k h chzhcmdh d` ch jbmeò`h# ~`|k xp` ~kjk h ~kjk z` qh}h bhjmòdk eèz cmf`|k jko ch dmzthojmh/Zm tòímz epjbkz cè~mj`z k tmwhz d` dma`|òt`z jkck|`z# ~mothd ack|`z/ ^kdímz jk~mh| chz ack|`z xp` bhlímzjkc`jjmkohdk k dmlpgh| hcfpoh bmztk|m`th xp` kz bh}h zmdk |à`|mdh/Zm ~kz`ímz poh jhgh d` ~motp|hz } ~moj`c`z# e`gk| h÷o/Ok o`j`zmtèmz tò`| epjbkz jkck|`z9 lhzth `c |kgk# `c hwpc# `c heh|mcck } `c jhaí ~h|h bhj`| epjbkz9 }h xp`íztkz# e`wjchdkz òt|` zå# ~|kdpjò epctmtpd d` jkck|`z/%@c |kgk } `c hwpc bhjò `c qmkc`th/%@c hwpc } `c heh|mcck bhjò `c q`|d`/

8>2



%@c jhaí } `c hwpc bhjò `c o`f|k/%@c |kgk } `c heh|mcck bhjò `c hoh|hoghdk/

Dmlpgkz ~|memtmqkz xp` dho ch me~|`zmúo d` ekqmemòtk } d` qmdh

JH^ÅTPCK Z@RTK

8>=



@Z^@JMHCMDHD D@ \@E@ODÚO


@zth @z~`jmhcmdhd ok ccheh ch htòjmúo d`c Cklhtk h ~|me`|h qmzth# jkek kt|hz xp` òtpzmhzeho h ckzepjbhjbkz/ ^`|k zm Hi`ch c`z bhj` q`| xp` ckz eh|mokz } ch eh}k| ~h|t` d` ckz zkcdhdkz z` ~`fho zpzlktko`z# z` |èmòdho zp |k~h } cc`qho jkozmfk zpz ÷tmc`z o`j`zh|mkz "thc`z jkeh hfpghz# bmck# lktko`z#`tj/- ~h|h `z` klg`tk# } zm `ztk z` c`z bhj` q`| ò ak|eh |keèotmjh# òtkoj`z `cckz z` zòtm|èo ht|hådkz

~k| `zth eht`|mh/ Thelmío `c ~`fh| po lktúo# `c wp|jm| po zpít`| k po jhcj`tåo# `c |èòdh| po |hzfúo ~p`d` z`| poh Lpòh

Hjjmúo cc`qhdh hc jhlk ò jhzh bhjmh ch ehd|`# k jko |`z~`jtk h Hi`ch ò `c jhe~k# hc emzek tmè~k xp`z` kltmò` poh Mozmfomh/ Zm po Cklhtk ok zmòt` mojcmohjmúo bhjmh wp|jm| } |èòdh| tmò`# zmo èlh|fk poh ~k|jmúo eèz d` jkzhzdkod` `zjkf`| xp` jke~c`tho ch ~|p`lh d` `zth Mozmfomh/ Po ~potk ep} me~k|thot` `z xp`# ~k| jphcxpm`| ektmqk xp` `cckz ck tkeò# ck d`lò bhj`| jko po

~|k~úzmtk lmò dàmomdk# po |`fhck ~h|h hcfpmò# hcfk xp` pzh| ò `c jhe~heòtk# hcfk xp` `c F|p~k ~p`dh qòd`| ò poh túelkch# k hcfk ~h|h ch Jp`qh d` ch Ehohdh/ Po Cklhtk ok z` mot`|`zh|è ò chahl|mjhjmúo d` po h|tåjpck zm ok zhl` xp` z` qh h d`ztmoh| h hcfk dàmomdk/ The~kjk `z~`|ímz xp` poCklhtk tke` mot`|íz ~k| ch|fk tmè~k ò po t|hlhgk d` `zth ohtp|hc`wh/


@zth Mozmfomh d` T|hlhgkz Dkeíztmjkz `z poh Mozmfomh zpeheòt` ÷tmc# }h xp` kz òz`øh h pzh| qp`zt|kzd`dkz d` thc eho`|h xp` kz ~kdèmz ~`fh| po lktúo } kt|hz jkzhz ÷tmc`z# ò q`w d` me~ko`| `zt` t|hlhgk hqp`zt|h ehd|` k b`|ehoh/ ^k| omof÷o ektmqk j|`èmz xp` `ztkz t|hlhgkz zko d` epg`|`z/ Tkdkz ckz`r~ck|hdk|`z# tkdkz ckz hqòtp|`|kz bho tòmdk xp` |`jkz`| zp |k~h dp|hot` zpz qmhg`z ~h|h jkoz`|qh|ch/\klmozko J|pzk` ok bplm`|h `zthdk júekdheòt` ò zp mzch zm ok bplm`|h ~kdmdk q`ztm|z` h zå emzekjko |k~hz b`jbhz d` ~m`c`z/Tkdk Cklhtk xp` d`z`` tò`| `zth Mozmfomh tmò` xp` zhl`| òzh|th| poh hfpgh } ~`fh| po lktúo/D`z~píz ~p`d` `zjkf`| dkz jkzhz# òt|` kjbk# ~h|h cc`qh|chz hc jhlk/ Bh} epjbhz dkod` `zjkf`| d` thceho`|h xp` jhdh xpmò ck bhfh z`f÷o zp mojcmohjmúo9 t`g`|# bhj`| poh jhohzth# t`g`| jko `z~h|tk# wp|jm| pohfpg |k# k |èòdh| po ~h|jb / ^`|k ok bh} o`j`zmdhd d` xp` `c Cklhtk z` jkoak|e` jko `cjkokjmemòtk d` zúck chz th|`hz xp` zko |`xpmzmtkz modmz~òzhlc`z9 zm íc tmò` h k|fpcck ò z`| ÷tmch~|òd`|è h bhj`| ch eh}k| ~h|t` d` `cchz/

Ok qk} h kjp~h|e` hxpå d` ch d`zj|m~jmúo ò d`thcc` d` júek cc`qh| hc jhlk jhdh poh d` `zthz ~|p`lhz/Z`|åh tkotk bhj`|ck }h xp` qkzkt|kz ok t|hth|ímz d` h~|òd`|ck ò po cml|k# zmok xp` |`jp||m|ímz h hcfpmò~h|h xp` kz ck òz`ø`/ Qp`zt|k Gà` d` Ehohdh z`fp|heòt` `zth|è ep} jh~hjmthdk ~h|h òz`øh|kzepjbhz jkzhz# `z~`jmhceòt` zm `z poh Cklht`|h# ~`|k thelmío qp`zt|h ehd|`# qp`zt|h b`|ehoh khcfpoh ~`|zkoh d` qp`zt|h jhzh# tòd|è epjbk fpztk ò òz`øh|kz# zmè~|` xp` dèkzt|ímz xp`|`hceòt` xp`|ímz h~|òd`|/ ^k| thotk ok tmtpl`mz ò |`jp||m| h `cchz } ep} ~|kotk h~|òd`|ímz/^pdm`|h z`|# zmo èlh|fk# xp` poh k dkz ~hchl|hz zkl|` ck xp` z` `z~`|h d` qkzkt|kz kz z`ho d` ptmcmdhd/

Hfpgh } lktko`z

88>



Ch hfpgh xp` bh} xp` òzh|th| ok `z ch hfpgh xp` z` pzh ~h|h wp|jm|# jko po kgk f|hod`# zmok ch hfpghk|dmoh|mh xp` z` pzh ~h|h ~`fh| po lktúo ò ch jhemzh/ @zth hfpgh |`xpm`|` d` qp`zt|h ~h|t` ~h|hòzh|th|ch# lpòkz kgkz } ~pczk am|e` } jko `cck tkdk `ztè b`jbk/ ^`|k ch ~|èjtmjh `z o`j`zh|mh9 ~k| ckthotk bh} xp` ~|hjtmjh|/ Bh} xp` pzh| bmck lchojk ~k|xp` hzå kz dh|ímz jpòth d` xp` ck jkoz`|qèmz cme~mk/@c lktúo d`l`|è z`| ~`fhdk jko ~|k~m`dhd# d` thc eho`|h xp` tòfh ~`zjp`wk# xp` ~hz` ~k| `c kghc } xp`zk~k|t` `c t|hlhgk ~h|h `c jphc `ztè d`ztmohdk/ @c t|hlhgk d`l`|ímz d`zè~`øh|ck jko ch eh}k| cme~m`whxp` kz z`h ~kzmlc`# d` thc eho`|h xp` ch t`ch ò xp` ck ~`fpímz xp`d` d`z~píz d` ~`fhdk ~pcj|h# cme~mh} ò k|dò/ D`z~píz d` ck jphc# jphodk `ztímz ò jhe~heòtk ~kd|ímz ~`fh|kz zkckz qp`zt|kz lktko`z }

}k `z~`|k xp` bh|ímz ck emzek ò jhzh/

T`gmdk

]k hjkztpel|hlh t`g`| jphodk `|h d` qp`zt|h `dhd# hpo jphodk }h jhzm ck b` kcqmdhdk ~k| jke~c`tk9lpahodhz# fphot`z } kt|kz h|tåjpckz ÷tmc`z jkek íztkz/ Bh} kt|kz h|tåjpckz xp` qkzkt|kz ~kdímz md`h| ~k| qkzkt|kz emzekz thc`z jkek hfh||hd`|hz ~h|h t`t`|hz/ ^h|h t`g`| òjkot|h|ímz xp` `z epjbk e`gk| pzh| `zthel|` d` choh k hcfkdúo f|p`zk } xp` bh} xp` t`g`|ck d` ~|à`|òjmh jko hfpghz d` bp`zk k dèhd`|h } ok d` e`thc# h ok z`| xp` z`èmz ep} helmjmkzkz } xp` qh}èmz h t`g`| jhcj`tmo`z k e`dmhz/

\`d`z

Ok t|htímz d` bhj`| poh |`d ep} f|hod`/ Kz tkeh|è epjbk tmè~k bhj`| poh |`d d` tòmz k poh bhehjh/Poh lkczh ~h|h cc`qh| chz ~`ckthz d` ch Z`mzòh k d` ch Ehohdh k poh |`d ~`xp`øh ~h|h cc`qh| chz jkzhzo`j`zh|mhz ~h|h qp`zt|kz gp`fkz# z`|è zpamjmòt`/ ^ko`d epjbk jpmdhdk ò xp` ch |`d xp`d` ~h|`gh# } òpzh| jp`|dhz ap`|t`z/

Hfh||hd`|h ~h|h t`t`|h

@z ep} zòjmcck bhj`| poh d` `zthz hfh||hd`|hz jko ~potk d` j|pw ò jèøhek# ~`|k tòd|ímz xp` dh|kzjpòth d` xp` z` o`j`zmth hcfk eèz ~h|h ~hzh| lmò `zth ~|p`lh/ ^k| `gè~ck# `c d`t`|emoh| lmò `cthehøk# ch ak|eh# `c jkck| } `c ekd`ck `z d` ch eh}k| me~k|thojmh } qkzkt|kz tòd|ímz xp` `zjkf`| `ztk~k| qkzkt|kz emzekz/ @o poh hfh||hd`|h d` t`t`|h h~h|t` d` zp ptmcmdhd bh} xp` jkozmd`|h| zp l`cc`wh }|`zmztòjmh/

Jh|~`th k th~`t`

Hxpå d` op`qk bh} xp` hdq`|tm|kz xp` ok z`èmz dèhzmhdk helmjmkzkz } t|htímz d` ~|mojm~mh| bhjmòdkjh|~`thz f|hod`z/ Thc jkzh |`zpcth|åh po t|hlhgk ~|kckofhdk } t`dmkzk/ Jko ckz ÷tmc`z o`j`zh|mkz } d`zd``c ~potk d` qmzth d` ch `g`jpjmúo emzeh `z aèjmc jkozt|pm| poh jh|~`th d` jèøhek9 ~`|k d`límz |`jk|dh| xp` ch `c`jjmúo d` ckz jkck|`z } `c ekd`ck ak|eh d` op`qk ~h|t` d` ch jp`ztmúo/ Poh jh|~`th b`jbh d`h|jmcch |à|hjth|mh |`xpm`|` hdb`|m| ~h|t` d` ch t`ch# `tj/# h ch h|jmcch/ Thc q`w z`h jkoqòmòt` xp` kz gpotímzdkz d` qkzkt|kz ~h|h bhj`| poh jh|~`th po ~kjk eèz f|hod` d` ch xp` jhdh pok ~k| z`~h|hdk ~pdm`|hbhj`|/

Wp|jm|

Ok z` `z~`|h d` qkzkt|kz xp` ~kdèmz cc`qh| hc jhlk po wp|jmdk moqmzmlc`# ~`|k zå xp` z`èmz jh~hj`z d`wp|jm| jko jp|mkzmdhd po hfpg`|k d` qp`zt|k zpít`| k d` qp`zt|k jhcj`tåo/ Ohtp|hceòt` ~h|h bhj`| `ct|hlhgk `zjkf`d zmè~|` bmck d`c emzek jkck| } cp`fk bhj`dck jko epjbk jpmdhdk } ò ch emzeh ak|ehxp` z` kz òz`øú/ Ok dh lpò |`zpcthdk `c bhj`| t|hlhgkz d` `zth ohtp|hc`wh h ch jh||`|h# bh} xp` m| d`z~hjmk ,d`z~hjmk ~h|h jkf`| hc ekok,# `ztk z` ckz |`~mtk jkozthotèòt` h ckz Zjkptz/ Z`|åh ehfoåamjkxp` qkzkt|kz ~pdm`|hmz jpmdh| } |èòdh| ~k| qkzkt|kz emzekz qp`zt|kz pomak|e`z# zmo tò`| xp` |`jp||m| h kt|h ~`|zkoh ~h|h `cck/

T|òwh|

@c `z~h|tk `z eht`|mh ep} h~|k~mhdh ~h|h `zt` t|hlhgk/ Z` jkozmfp` fò`|hceòt` d` chz ~hcehz xp`j|`jò ò Ehdhfhzjh|# ~pdmòdk t`øm|ck jko tkdh jchz` d` jkck|`z l|mcchot`z/ Qkzkt|kz emzekz ~kdímz dh|

888



jkck| hc `z~h|tk lchojk jko jphcxpm`| jkck|hot`/ Bh} epctmtpd d` h|tåjpckz xp` ~p`dò bhj`|z` jko`z~h|tk9 jh|~`thz ~h|h jkckjh| ch t`t`|h/ jhohzthz# `tj/ ,T|òwhd `c `z~h|tk tho ~h|`gk jkek kz z`h~kzmlc` } `c`fmd ~k| qkzkt|kz emzekz ckz jkck|`z xp` pzímz,/

Jkozt|pjjmúo d` jhohzthz

Hcfpokz d` qkzkt|kz }h bhl|ímz h~|òdmdk ò ch `zjp`ch h jkozt|pm| jhohzthz } ok xp`|ímz |`~`tm| ck xp`}h bhlímz h~|òdmdk/ ^`|k z`fp|heòt` xp` òjkot|h|ímz d` mot`|íz# jkozt|pm| jhohzthz d` mfphc eho`|hjko gpojk } |hehz/ @zt` t|hlhgk ~p`d` z`| po f|ho òt|`tòmemòtk ~h|h po dåh ccpqmkzk# ò jhe~heòtk/Chz |hehz d` zhpj`# d` emel|`# d` cmchz } d` jbk~k# zko ep} lpòhz ~h|h bhj`| jhohzthz/ Tòímz xp`z`| ep} jpmdhdkzkz ~h|h ~kd`| t`|emoh| ch jhohzth jko jp|mkzmdhd } jkckjh|c` `c hzh am|eèòt`/ Zmqkzkt|kz jkozt|påz poh jhohzth ~`xp`øh d` gpojkz k |hehz } ch ak||èmz jko epzfk òjkot|h|ímz xp`|`zpcth h~|k~mhdh ~h|h cc`qh| bp`qkz/ ^kdímz thelmío ak||h| poh d` `zthz jhohzthz jko epzfk } ccòh|chd` tm`||h } ~choth| ò `cch b`c`jbkz ~h|h cc`qh|ckz h jhzh/

\èòdh| poh |hzfhdp|h

@zth `z xpmwè# poh d` chz jkzhz eèz ÷tmc`z xp` z` ~p`dò h~|òd`|/ Zmòdk okzkt|kz homehc`z zhokz }hjtmqkz# jkozthotèòt` okz `zthekz |hzfhodk op`zt|kz q`ztmdkz hc ~hzh| gpotk h ckz h|lpztkz# ckzè|lkc`z } kt|hz jkzhz } okz bhjèkz mozk~k|thlc`z hc t|hth| d` xp` kt|hz ~`|zkohz okz ckz |èmòdò/^|k~kofèekokz d` hxpå ò hd`chot` |èòdh| op`zt|kz q`ztmdkz okzkt|kz emzek/ Zm okzkt|kz okzbhjèkz `zt` ~|k~úzmtk ~|kotk òjkot|h|èkz xp` tòèkz xp` z`| jp|mkzkz } jpmdhdkzkz# ~p`z d` ckjkot|h|mk h jhdh |htk `zth|èkz jhpzèodkokz |hzfhdp|hz } chz zmfpmòt`z z`|èo zmè~|` ~`k| xp` chzhot`|mk|`z/

Z`| ÷tmc

Qkzkt|kz ~kdímz q`| jko ahjmcmdhd xp` tkdhz `zthz ~|p`lhz d` t|hlhgkz dkeíztmjkz kz ~|k~k|jmkohok~k|tpomdhd`z d` z`| ÷tmc`z h ckz dèèz ò jhzh# zmòdk ÷tmc`z ~h|h jko qkzkt|kz emzekz/ ^k| thotk z`djkozthot`z/

88<



JH^ÅTPCK ZÍ^TMEK

@Z^@JMHCMDHD D@ GPFP@T@\K

Eht`|mhc`z

Tkdk Cklhtk ~p`d` |`pom| moamomdhd d` d`z~`|dmjmkz ~k| zå emzek/ Ch e`gk| eho`|h d` bhj`|ck `zjkoz`fpm|z` dkz k t|`z jhghz d` jh|túo d` chz d` wh~htkz } dmqmdm|chz ò z`jjmko`z/ @ztk z` cc`qh hc jhlkjko jphcxpm`| ~`dhwk d` jh|túo } po ~kjk d` ~`fheòtk/ @c thehøk d` ch dmqmzmúo d`~òd`|è d` ck xp`qkzkt|kz ~òzímz |`jkc`jth| jkek chz zmfpmòt`z7 Jhghz d` aúzak|kz# l`cckthz d` ~mok# fhojbkz d` |k~h#jèzjh|hz d` jhzthøh# jèzjh|hz d` jhjhbpht`# ~hckz d` aúzak|kz# jk|jbkz# jh||`t`z# l`cckthz# jpòthz#lktko`z# eht|mj`z d` lktko`z# hchel|`# hcamc`|`z } jh|tko`z9 `zthz jkzhz z` jkckjho ò chz dma`|òt`zz`jjmko`z9 jhdh poh cmzth ~h|h z`| pzhdh jphodk jkoqòfh/ Poh jhgh f|hod` ~h|h hcehjòh| qh|mhzjkzhz ~`xp`øhz ok `z ck e`gk|9 ò ch jhgh f|hod` chz jkzhz z` e`wjcho z`fp|heòt` } z` ~m`|d` epjbktmè~k jphodk z` t|hth d` zhjh| d` òt|` `cchz# ~k| `gè~ck# po hcamc`|/

Okq`dhd`z

^p`dò bhj`|z` tkdh jchz` d` homehc`z eh|hqmcckzkz jko l`cckthz d` ~mok# ak|eèodkc`z jko hchel|` chz~m`|ohz } jko poh l`cckth ch jhl`wh/ Ch jhl`wh thelmío ~p`d` bhj`|z` ep} lmò jko chj|`# } kt|k ~kjkd` chj|` ò ch `rt|èmdhd moa`|mk| d` chz ~m`|ohz zm|q` ~h|h hdb`|m|ckz h poh ~m`wh d` jh|túo/ @zthz hq`z~p`dò pzh|z` jkek jhcòdh|mkz# ~h|h zkztò`| ò `cckz eò÷z# jkek hcamc`t`|kz# jkek j`|mcc`|hz# `tj/Z` ~p`dò jkozt|pm| |`cmjh|mkz jko dkz emthd`z d` jèzjh|hz d` op`w pomdhz òt|` zå jko |`zk|t`z }~mothdkz jko jkck|`z l|mcchot`z/^p`d` jkozt|pm|z` poh zmcch jko jèzjh|hz d` jhzthøh# hcamc`| z } po ~kjk d` `z~h|tk k choh ~h|h t`g`| `chzmòtk } |`z~hcdk/Z` ~p`dò jkozt|pm| jhod`c`|kz jko jh||`t`z# l|kxp`thz ~h|h jh|o` } po ehofpmtk/T|`z jh||`t`z# pok eèz ~`xp`øk } dkz eèz f|hod`z# d` ckz xp` tmòò chz k|mcchz |`dkod`hdhz# ~p`dòz`|qm| ~h|h bhj`| po ehfoåamjk epø`jk @c ~|me`|k z` pzh ~h|h ak|eh| ch jhl`wh } ckz kt|kz dkz ~h|hak|eh| `c jp`|~k9 ckz l|hwkz } ckz ~m`z z` ak|eho jko jh|túo dp|k# xp` z` ~`fh jkot|h ckz jh||`t`z/ Ch

jh|h z` ~moth jko tmoth } poh eht|mw d` lktúo zm|q` d` zkel|`|k# tkdk `ztk# ~mothdk h jkck|`z l|mcchot`z#ak|eh po gpfp`t` ep} hj`~thlc`/ D` ch emzeh eho`|h z` ~p`dò jkozt|pm| homehc`z jko `c jh||`t` jkekjp`|~k } chz ~m`|ohz# jhl`wh } jkch d` jh|túo/^`xp`økz ekd`ckz ep} f|hjmkzkz ~p`dò bhj`|z` jko ~hckz d` aúzak|kz } po ~kjk d` ~`fheòtk/ Z`qò e`gk| zm z` tmò` jpmdhdk d` cmgh|ckz/^p`dò pzh|z` jk|jbkz ò q`w d` jh||`t`z/ Jko epjbh ahjmcmdhd z` hdh~tho h ch ak|eh xp` pok ck d`z`hcmgèodkckz jkoqòmòtèòt / Ckz ~hckz d` aúzak|k ak|eho ehfoåamjhz ~m`|ohz ~h|h ckz ekd`ckz d`jk|jbk/Jko jhghz d` aúzak|kz z` ~p`dò ahl|mjh| jh||kz ~`xp`økz } tkdh jchz` d` ep`lc`z/ Chz jk|jbkchthz d`chz lkt`cchz zm|qò hdem|hlcèòt` d` |p`dhz ~h|h `ztkz jh||kz/ Ckz ~hckz d` ckz aúzak|kz zm|qò d` `g`z~h|h chz |p`dhz# jkoz`|qèodkchz ò zp cpfh| ~k| e`dmk d` pohz jpòthz/

88:



Gpfp`t`z eèz f|hod`z

^h|h ch z`fpodh ~h|t` d` ch @z~`jmhcmdhd chz jhghz eèz f|hod`z zko d` f|ho ptmcmdhd/ Po ekcmok d`jkoz`|qhz# poh l|kxp`th# po jh||`t`# hchel|`# hcamc`|`z# jhghz d` aúzak|kz } ~h~`c/Chz |p`dhz ~p`dò jkozt|pm|z` hz`||hodk z`jjmko`z d` po ~hck d` `zjklh/Poh eèxpmoh z` ~p`d` jkozt|pm| jko poh chth d` jkoz`|qhz# poh jhgh d` jh|túo# dkz jhghz d` ~åcdk|hz# `cakodk d` poh jhgh d` dètmc`z# dkz ~`dhwkz d` ~hck ~chokz# dkz jh||`t`z } po ~`dhwk d` ~hck d` `zjklh/Poh jhgh d` dètmc`z `z thelmío ep} ÷tmc ~h|h jkozt|pm| po t|hoqåh/Po ~h| d` jhcj`tmo`z qm`gkz# hcfk d` `zthel|`# dkz lktko`z ak||hdkz d` cmok# dkz lktko`z d` wh~htkz }hcfpokz ~`dhwkz d` eht`|mhc l|mcchot` ak|eh|èo po `rj`còt` epø`jk/ Chz jhghz d` wh~htkz jkoztmtp}òehfoåamjkz jmemòtkz ~h|h jkozt|pm| jhzhz# t`ht|kz# `zthjmko`z# mfc`zmhz# `tj/ Chz jhghz tplpch|`zjkoztmtp}ò ehfoåamjkz ~mch|`z# |kdmcckz ~h|h gh|dåo# tk||`jmcchz# hek|tmfphdk|`z } h~chohdk|hz/Jko chz jhghz ~`xp`øhz# xp` zm|qò ~h|h è~hjh| xp`zk# z` ~p`dò jkozt|pm| |hxp`thz# |`ckg`z d` ~h|`d#thelk|`z# tmkqmqkz# ~hod`|kz/ ^k| e`dmk d` po jk|jbk } ~cpehz ~p`d` jkozt|pm|z` po |`bmc`t`/Z` ~p`dò jkozt|pm| è|lkc`z jko poh `z~kogh ~mothdh# b`jbh ~`dhwkz# ~`fhdkz h po l|kxp`t` d` ehd`|h} tòmòdk ~k| lhz` poh jk|jbkchth9 chz jphc`z ~p`dò z`|qm| h qkzkt|kz eèz hd`chot` ~h|h jkozt|pm| pohz`cqh/

Gpfp`t`z jke~p`ztkz

@o ckz ekd`ckz jke~p`ztkz# zm qkzkt|kz xp`|ímz xp` qp`zt|kz homehc`z dp|ò# ck e`gk| `z jkozt|pm|ckzjko Dp|k~chzt "Bh|lptt”Z- k ^ktth "Okdk| Jk/- @zth zplzthojmh z` òdp|`j` } z` jkoz`|qh ep} lmò/^p`d` thelmío pzh|z` ~h|h d`jk|h| ch jhzh }h xp` `c d`jk|hdk z` c` ~p`d` ~`fh| jko po ~kjk d` fkeh/Thelmío `z `rj`còt` ~h|h jkozt|pm| a|pthz ~h|h poh tmòdh/ Ch ckwh d`c t|hzt |k d` qp`zt|h jhzh ~kd|èz`| jkozt|pmdh thelmío jko `zt` emzek eht`|mhc } d`jk|hdk ò ch ak|eh xp` h qkzkt|kz eèz kz ~chwjh/Zm qkzkt|kz |`hceòt` xp`|ímz jkozt|pm| po lpò gpfp`t`/ o`j`zmtèmz ~kz``| poh jpjbmcch lmò hamchdh# poeh|tmcck# po z`||pjbk# poh |`fch } ~h~`c d` cmgh/D` ohdh kz z`|qm|è ~òzh| xp` ~kdímz kltò`| `zth @z~`jmhcmdhd ~|`zòthodk d` op`qk `c ekd`ck xp`bmjmzt mz ~h|h qp`zt|h Z`fpodh @zt|`cch# k jphcxpm`| ekd`ck ~`xp`øk xp` qkzkt|kz bh}èmz b`jbk/O`j`zmtèmz bhj`| hcfk xp` qhcfh ch ~òh# ~h|h ck jphc tòd|ímz xp` tò`| ~hjmòjmh } bhlmcmdhd hot`z d`xp` ~kdèmz kltò`| írmtk9 ~`|k zm zkmz jkozthot`z } ~|hjtmjèmz poh } kt|h q`w# jko z`fp|mdhd tòd|ímz írmtkhc amohc ò ch jkozt|pjjmúo d` gpfp`t`z# } òtkoj`z kz zòtm|ímz k|fpcckzkz } q`|dhd`|kz h|tmzthz/

884



JH^ÅTPCK KJTHQK

@Z^@JMHCMDHD D@ ^\ME@\KZ HPRMCMKZ


Ckz ~|me`|kz hprmcmkz zko poh eht`|mh me~k|thot` } dmaåjmc# ~k|xp` |`xpm`|` epjbk jpmdhdk# `rhjtmtpd }zòtmdk jke÷o "tkdkz ht|mlptkz ohdh ohtp|hc`z ò `c epjbhjbk k|dmoh|mk-/ Ch @z~`jmhcmdhd d` Helpchot``z poh d` chz eèz me~k|thot`z òt|` chz Mozmfomhz d` ckz Zjkptz# ~`|k `z dèhzmhdk ~h|h ckz Cklhtkz/ @cpzk h~|k~mhdk d`c qòdhg` t|mhofpch| "ò zpz dma`|òt`z ak|ehz- `z ep} dmaåjmc d` bhj`| jk||`jtheòt` ~k| omøkz ~`xp`økz d` thc eho`|h xp` |`zpct` ÷tmc } `c klg`tk d` h~|òd`| `zthz jkzhz `z z`|qm| h ckz dèèz/@c h~|òdmwhg` d` ckz qòòkz } hotådktkz `z ep} dmaåjmc } thelmío `z ep} dmaåjmc jkokj`| júek d`tò`| chzdma`|òt`z bèk||hfmhz } chz ak|ehz d` ízthz/ Ckz Cklhtkz "jko zpz ehokz ~`xp`øhz } zpz l|hwkzjk|tkz- ok ~p`dò dh| |`z~m|hjmúo h|tmamjmhc# } c`qhoth| jkzhz ~`zhdhz c`z ~p`d` jhpzh| dhøk/ Ch ~|p`lhzòjmcch xp` z` |`xpm`|` ~h|h ckz ~|me`|kz hprmcmkz ~kd|è zmo èlh|fk òz`øh| hc Cklhtk ch h}pdh aèjmc }~|èjtmjh xp` ~p`d` ~|`zth| ò hjjmdòt`z eòk|`z/ D` thc eho`|h xp` ck xp` `cckz `g`jptò ck bhfho|`hceòt` lmò# zmo lhgh| chz ok|ehz d` chz ~|p`lhz d` Helpchot` ~h|h ckz Zjkptz/

Jkek ch J|pw \kgh }h zmfomamjh thotk ~h|h `c ~÷lcmjk# } òt|høh klcmfhjmko`z z`|mhz# ok d`l`|è pzh| `zthMozmfomh } ~k| `zk bh zmdk zpztmtpmdh ~k| poh qòdh/

Jk|thdp|h ò poh ehok

Zm hcfpok z` jk|th poh ehok `z d`l`| qp`zt|k ~|`zth|c` ckz ^|me`|kz Hprmcmkz d`lmòdk ~òzh| ò dkzjkzhz7 h- Zm ch jk|thdp|h `ztè zhof|hodk hlpodhotèòt`# z d`jm| zm ch zhof| zhc` h jbk||kz# d`l`|ímz t|hth| d`

d`tò`| ch bèk||hfmh/ Bhj`d xp` `c b`|mdk z` zmòt` } xp` c`qhot` zp ehok ck eèz xp` c` z`h ~kzmlc`zkl|` zp jhl`wh emòt|hz jkoz`fpåz po ~høp`ck k po ~`dhwk d` t|h~k cme~mk "xp` z` dòkemohjp|hjmúo- ~h|h jkckjh|ck zkl|` ch jk|thdp|h } zpg`th|ck h `cch am|eèòt` jko qp`zt|h ^høkc`th d`Cklhtk/

l- Fò`|hceòt ch zhof| ok zhcd|è h jbk||kz zmok xp` `zjp||m|è zphqèòt`# dèodkkz tmè~k ~h|h~|`~h|h| ch jp|hjmúo } cme~mh| ch b`|mdh/ Zmè~|` xp` bh}h |hzfhdp|h d` ch ~m`c k zkcheòt` po h|høk#bh} hl`|tp|h ò ch ~m`c k zkcheòt` po h|høk# bh} hl`|tp|h ò ch ~m`c ~k| ch jphc z` ~p`d` mot|kdpjm| chzpjm`dhd/ Ck xp` hxpå z` ccheh zpjm`dhd ok `z ck xp` qkzkt|kz fò`|hceòt` jkokjímz ~k| `z` okel|`%ckdk k ~kcqk9 zmfomamjh jphcxpm`| jkzh xp` jkotòfh fí|eò`z/ Ckz fí|eò`z zko z`|`z jko qmdh# tho~`xp`økz xp` ok z` ~p`dò q`| jko ckz kgkz# ~`|k# xp` zm z` mot|kdpjò ò ch jk|thdp|h# ch ~p`dòòqòòh|# è~kowkøèodkch } jkoqm|tmíodkch ò jkzh tho ~`cmf|kzh# xp` ~p`d` hjhlh| ò ch ~í|dmdhd` po d`dk k poh ehok/ Ch ~`k| jchz` d` fí|eò`z zko ckz xp` ~|kqmòò d` ch tm`||h q`f`thc d`c

gh|dåo } d`c ckdk d` ch jhcc`/ @ztkz fí|eò`z ~p`dò ~|kdpjm| poh òa`|e`dhd t`||mlc` xp` z` cchehtíthokz# ~k| thotk bh} xp` tò`| epjbk jpmdhdk jphodk hcfpmò z` bhj` poh jk|thdp|h htòdmòdk zp

gh|dåo/ ^`|k thelmío `c ~kcqk d` jphcxpm`| klg`tk zpjmk ~p`d` jkotò`| } d` b`jbk jkotmò` fí|eò`z/

880



Hzå# ~p`z# hot`z d` xp` qòdímz poh jk|thdp|h d`l`|ímz t|hth| d` h||kgh| d` `cch tkdkz ckz fí|eò`z xp`jkotòfh chqèodkch jko hfph tmlmh# zm ch bh}# } zm ok a|åh/ Bh} hcfpokz hotmzí~tmjkz %xp` z` ~p`dòjke~|h| ò chz lktmjhz% ~h|h ~ko`| ò `c hfph } ehth| ckz fí|eò`z9 qkzkt|kz òjkot|h|ímz hcfpokz d``cckz ~|klhlcèòt` ò `c lktmxpåo d` ckz Zjkptz k qp`zt|hz ehd|`z thc q`w ckz tòfho ò jhzh/ Ckz eèz÷tmc`z tmòò okel|`z dmaåjmc`z7 tmotp|h d` e`thaío k e`|tmkchtk/ Thc q`w òjkot|h|ímz poh lkt`cch jp}h`tmxp th dmfh potp|h d` ]kdk/ @zth `z ep} jkoqòmòt` ~h|h ~`xp`øhz jk|thdp|hz k h|høkz ~k|xp` oko`j`zmth jkelmoh|z` jko hfph/ Zúck z` |`xpm`|` ~moth| ch jk|thdp|h jko `cch# h|d` po ~kjk# ~`|k bhj` xp`

ckz fí|eò`z z` ep`|ho/D`z~píz d` chqh| ch b`|mdh bh} o`j`zmdhd d` ~ko`| zkl|` `cch hcfk ep} cme~mk/ Ch ~h|t` d` hdòt|k d` po~høp`ck cme~mk dklchdk `z ck e`gk| ~|klhlcèòt` xp` ~kdímz òjkot|h|# ~`|k zm ok ck tòímz h ehok po~`dhwk d` ~h~`c cme~mk# d` chz bkghz mot`|mk|`z d` po jphd`|ok# k ch ~h|t` d` hdòt|k d` po zkl|`# ~kd|èzpztmtpm|ck/ Poh q`w jplm`|th ch jk|thdp|h jko hcfk ~k| `c `ztmck d`l` ~ko`|z` zkl|` `cch hcfpoh jkzhhjkgmohdh# ~k| `gè~ck qh|mkz ~høp`ckz k ~`dhwkz d` t|h~k/ @o z`fpmdh bh} xp` qòdh| jko am|e`wh ~h|hd`tò`| ch bèk||hfmh/ Thc jkzh ch ~kdímz bhj`| jko tm|hz d` t|h~k k jko po ~høp`ck f|hod` dklchdk/Bhj`d xp` `c ~hjmòt` jkoz`|q` ch ehok c`qhothdh } jkckjèdz`ch ò po jhl`zt|mcck xp` ~kdímz bhj`| jkopoh jk|lhth k jko po ~høp`ck f|hod`/ \`jk|dhd xp` qp`zt|h h}pdh `z zkcheòt` d` ~|me`|kz hprmcmkz#~k| thotk cc`qh|ímz hc b`|mdk òz`fpmdh jko hcfpoh ~`|zkoh xp` ck ~p`dh jp|h| ò ak|eh hd`jphdh/

@zjk|mhjmko`z

Poh `zjk|mhjmúo `z po |hz~úo ò xp` ch ~m`c bh zmdk c`qhothdh } fò`|hceòt` `ztè jplm`|th d` zpjm`dhd/^k| |`fch fò`|hc ok zhof|h epjbk/ @c t|hthemòtk xp` d`l` h~cmjh|z` z`|è `c d` chqh| `c cpfh| jko hfphtmlmh h ch jphc z` c` hf|`fh po ~kjk d` e`|jp|kj|kek } }kdk ògphfèodkch lmò } cme~mèodkch d`z~pízjko po ~`dhwk d` fhzh k jko po t|h~k/ Jphodk bh zmdk |`tm|hdh tkdh ch zpjm`dhd# j÷l|hz` ch |kwhdp|hjko po ~`dhwk d` t`ch cme~mh# } qíod`z` am|eèòt`9 ~`|k ok tho h~|`thdk xp` ~|kdpwjh mojkekdmdhd/

Tk|j`dp|hz

@o `zt` jhzk h~cmjhd jke~|`zhz a|åhz ~h|h emtmfh| `c dkck| } bhj`| d`zh~h|`j`| ch bmojbhwúo/ Chzjke~|`zhz z` ak|eho è~h~hodk lmò ò hfph a|åh po ~`dhwk d` t`ch k poh tkhcch ~`xp`øh dklchdhqh|mhz q`j`z } `r~|memíodkch } dklcèodkch d`z~píz ~h|h òqkcq`| jko `cch `c tklmcck/ Zm `ztk ok ~|kdpj`hcmqmk òtkoj`z ch jke~|`zh d`l` z`| jko hfph tmlmh/ H `zth jchz` d` jke~|`zhz z` c`z dòkemohakeòtkz# } zkl|` `cckz bh} xp` |`jk|dh| qh|mhz jkzhz7 Íjb`z` hfph bm|qmòdk zkl|` `c eht`|mhc dklchdk

`c jphc d`l`|è òqkcq`|z` ò poh tkhcch ~h|h d`z~píz ~kd`|z` `r~|mem|/ ^ko`d epjbk jpmdhdk ò xp``ztí lmò `r~|memdk# ~p`z d` kt|h eho`|h kjhzmkoh|è hc ~hjmòt` poh `zjhcdhdp|h/ Zhjpdmd `c akeòtk~h|h xp` z` mot|kdpwjh ò íc `c hm|` } h~cmjhdck |è~mdheòt` jphodk `ztè h÷o lmò jhcmòt`/ Jpl|mdck jkopo eht`|mhc me~`|e`hlc` "t`ch hbpchdh k hcfk ~k| `c `ztmck-/ @oqkcq`dck jko hcfkdúo k a|ho`ch } qòdhdck/Jphodk `c dkck| bh}h j`dmdk# j`zhd d` ~ko`| ckz akeòtkz/Ch ak|eh d` qòdh| po tklmcck tk|jmdk z` `r~cmjh eèz hd`chot`/ Bhl|è xp` h~cmjh| `c qòdhg` ap`|tèòt`zkl|` ch lkth ò jhzk d` o`j`zmdhd } `c ~hjmòt` ok d`l`|è jhemoh| om h~k}h|z` zkl|` zp ~m`/

Qòdhg` t|mhofpch|

Bh} epjbhz eho`|hz d` h~cmjh| `c qòdhg` t|mhofpch|9 jphodk qkzkt|kz z`èmzZjkptz chz h~|òd`|ímz# ~k| d` ~|kotk chz dkz eèz pzphc`z z`|èo chz ÷omjhz xp`z` kz òz`øh|èo# } ~k| thotk z` `z~`|h xp` chz z`~èmz h~cmjh| lmò/

@c jhl`zt|mcck z` pzh ~h|h zkztò`| `c hot`l|hwk } ch ehok/ B` hxpå júek d`l`~ko`|z`7 bhj`d po qòdhg` t|mhofpch| } jkckjhdck zkl|` `c ~`jbk d`c ~hjmòt` d`thc eho`|h xp` ch ~poth ~hz` ~k| d`lhgk d`c jkdk d`c l|hwk òa |ek/ Poh d` chz`rt|èmdhd`z xp`dh|è òtkoj`z zkl|` `c bkel|k lpòk9 ch kt|h z` cc`qh|è jko poOpdk d` \mwk d`c kt|k chdk d`c jp`cck/ @o z`fpmdh dúlc`z` ch ~poth zkl|` `c jkdk }~|íodhz` jk||`jtheòt` jko po hcamc`|/

^h|h h~cmjh| `zt` qòdhg` t|mhofpch| h po tklmcck tk|jmdk dúlc`z` ízt` ò ch ak|eh cchehdh ,qòdh hojbh,#`ztk xpm`|` d`jm| xp` z` dklch ch ~poth bhzth tkjh| ch lhz` } d`z~píz z` dklch d` op`qk thc jkek z` q`ò `c dmlpgk/

881



Jkckjhd `c jòt|k d` `zth qòdh hlhgk d` ch ~choth d`c ~m` d`c ~hjmòt`# cc`qhodk ch `rt|èmdhd bhjmhh||mlh } j|pwhodk am|eèòt` zkl|` `c è~`mo` "~h|t` d` h||mlh d`c ~m`-/ Cc`qhd ch `rt|èmdhd d` ch qòdhhc|`d`dk| d`c tklmcck# j|pwèodkch ~k| ch ~h|t` d` ht|èz } t|h}íodkch d` op`qk hc|`d`dk| d` ízt` ~h|hheh||h|ch òa|òt` jko po Opdk d` \mwk/ @zt` qòdhg` ok zm|q` d` ohdh zm ok `ztè lmò h~|`thdk/ Cheho`|h d` hz`fp|h|z` d` xp` z` h~|m`th jhdh q`w eèz ò q`w d` hackgh|z` d`z~píz d` h~cmjh|ck# `zekgh|ck9 ~p`z hc z`jh|z` z` òjkf`|è } jke~|mem|è mfphceòt` tkdh ch ~h|t` qòdhdh/

Bèk||hfmhz ohzhc`z

Fò`|hceòt` `zthz bèk||hfmhz ok zko d` jkoz`jpòjmhz# ok jhpzho f|ho dhøk9 ~`|k ~p`d` zpj`d`| xp` z`h dmaåjmc jkotò`|chz# ck xp` zmfomamjh ~í|dmdh d` zhof|` ~h|h `c ~hjmòt`/ @c hotmfpk eítkdk d`jkckjh| hc ~hjmòt` hjkzthdk# zkl|` `c zp`ck# ok dh lpò |`zpcthdk# ~p`z ck ÷omjk xp` z` ckf|h `z xp` chzhof|` z` mot|kdpwjh ò ch fh|fhoth/ Ch eho`|h d` jkotò`| `zth bèk||hfmh `z ch zmfpmòt`9 zmíot`z` hc~hjmòt` ò poh zmcch jkckjhdh ò poh jk||mòt` d` hm|`# } bèfhz`c` xp` `jb` ch jhl`wh lmò bhjmh ht|èz|`z~m|hodk ÷omjheòt` ~k| ch lkjh/ Jkcúxp`z` zkl|` ch oh|mw òt|` ckz kgkz poh `z~kogh a|åh } kt|h ò chopjh/ Ckz ~m`z z` c` ~p`dò e`t`| ò hfph jhcmòt` } thelmío z` c` ~p`d` dh| h jbp~h| po ~`dhwk d`bm`ck/

H~hfh| po ap`fk

@o jhzk d` xp` ch |k~h d` poh ~`|zkoh bh}h jkfmdk ap`fk# po Cklhtk ~p`d` z`| d` f|ho h}pdh zmjkoz`|qh zp zhof|` a|åh } zhl` `rhjtheòt` ck xp` d`l` bhj`| } ck bhj` |è~mdheòt`/ @c e`gk| ekdk d`h~hfh| chz cchehz `z ~k| e`dmk d` po jkl`|tk|# poh hcakel|h# po hl|mfk k jphcxpm | jkzh f|p`zh jko chxp` z` òqp`cq` h ch ~`|zkoh xp` bh jkfmdk ap`fk k~|mem odk ízth jkot|h zp jp`|~k } bhjmòdk xp` ch~`|zkoh z` hjp`zt`/ @ztk zm|q` ~h|h ~|`qòm| xp` `c hm|` cc`fp` bhzth chz cchehz } ~k| thotk ízthz tòfhoxp` `rtmofpm|z`/ @c hfph# ~k| zp~p`ztk kjp~h `c z`fpodk cpfh| ò ptmcmdhd/ Zm `c ap`fk ~|kqmò` d`fhzkcmoh k i`|kzmoh# ck e`gk| ~h|h h~hfh|ck `z ch h|òh/

Xpèhdp|hz

Poh xpèhdp|h `z hcfk zpeheòt` dkck|kzk jkek qkzkt|kz ~|klhlcèòt` zhlímz# »~`|k zhlímz xp` `chm|` a|åk xp` tkjh ch b`|mdh `z ck xp` jhpzh `c dkck|; Ck xp` bh} xp` bhj`|# ~p`z# `z jpl|m| ch ~m`cxpèhdh ck eèz ~|kotk ~kzmlc` d` thc eho`|h xp` `c hm|` ok ~p`dh `zth| ò jkothjtk jko `cch/ Ck e`gk| ~h|h jpl|m|ch `z po ~høp`ck cme~mk k hcf÷o t|h~k zphq` } cme~mk è~h~èodkck jko hj`mt` dpcj`# hj`mt` d`kcmqk k ò qhz`cmoh# zkl|` `c jphc z` jkckjh po jkgåo } z` qòdh zphqèòt`/ Opojh chqíåz poh b`|mdh d``zth jchz`/ \`jk|dhd zmè~|` xp` chz xpèhdp|hz zko ep} dkck|kzhz } bhjò xp` `c ~hjmòt` z` zmòthzpeheòt` ehc# xp` z` zmòth d`zqho`j`| } ok ~p`dh ~`|eho`j`| d` ~m`/ Bhj`dck zòth| k hjkzth| } zmc` dh qí|tmfk } z` c` ~ko` ch jh|h ~ècmdh jko ch ~m`c a|åh zpdk|kzh# òqkcq`dck ò hcfk xp` ck jhcmòt` }dhdc` h l`l`| thelmío hcfk jhcmòt` emòt|hz kltòímz ch h}pdh d` poh ~`|zkoh jke~`tòt`/

@zjhcdhdp|hz

Z` ccheh `zjhcdhdp|h poh xpèhdh zòjmcch# b`jbh fò`|hceòt` ~k| hfph bm|qmòdk/ T|hthdch ck emzekxp` zm ap`|h poh xpèhdp|h# ~`|k tò`d zpek jpmdhdk d` ok |ke~`| chz he~kcchz xp` z` bh}ho ak|ehdk/

Zkakjhdp|hz

Zm poh ~`|zkoh z` òjpòt|h zkakjhdh ò ak|eh f|hq`# zkcthdc` `c jp`cck } t|hthd ò z`fpmdh d` `rt|h`|c`ck xp` tòfh ò ch fh|fhoth jhpzhodk ch zkakjhjmúo# }h z`h jko `c d`dk k jko `c ehofk d` poh jpjbh|h/Dkz k t|`z fkc~`z ap`|t`z ò ch `z~hcdh jko a|`jpòjmh bhjò xp` z` h||kg` `c klg`tk xp` jhpzh `c dhøk/

886



^h|h po bp`zk htk|hdk ò ch fh|fhoth t|hfhd emfh d` ~ho/ Zm hcfpmò z` bh t|hfhdk po klg`tk ~`xp`øk#~k| `gè~ck# po lktúo# z` c` d`l` dh| poh ~p|fh d` hj`mt` d` |mjmok ^`|k zm `c klg`tk `z ~powhot` jkek pohcamc`|# hfpgh# k po ~`dhwk d` qmd|mk dhdc` h jke`| ~ho } cchehd hc dkjtk|/ Zm hcfk z` c` htk|h h poh~`|zkoh ò ch t|èxp`h cchehd moe`dmhtheòt` h po eídmjk/

^\ÈJTMJHZ ] @RBMLMJMKO@Z

Po lpò eítkdk ~h|h bhj`| ~|hjtmjh| ~|me`|kz hprmcmkz h ckz Cklhtkz# ò ak|eh d` `rbmlmjmúo ht|hjtmqh#

`z `zj|mlmòdk poh ~`xp`øh jke~kzmjmúo ò ch jphc `c tèh z`h d` ~|me`|kz hprmcmkz/' ' '

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Kt|h ak|eh d` `rbmlmjmúo `z ch zmfpmòt`7 Poh Z`mzòh k eèz z` jkckjho d` ~m` d` a|òt` h ch hpdmòjmh/Jhdh Cklhtk tmò` h zpz ~m`z poh qòdh t|mhofpch|/ @c Gà` d` Z`mzòh z` jkckjh h ch d`|`jbh# jko zpzmclhtk ò ch ehok# dhodk ch zmfpmòt` k|dò7 ,¨Hc`|th(,# ,Jhl`zt|mcck,# ¨Cmztkz( "po Cklhtk zå } pok ok# z`hfhjbho# c`qhotho ch qòdh } z` qp`cqò h ~ko`| am|e`z-/ @c Z`mzò`|k dh po zmclhthwk } jhdh Cklhtk d`ckz xp` tmòò ò ch ehok ch qòdh z` qkct`h bhjmh ch d`|`jbh ak|ehodk `c jhl`zt|mcck ~h|h `c Cklhtk xp`c` xp`dh gpotk } ò jphotk hjhlh d` bhj`|ck z` qkct`ho ckz dkz d` a|òt` } z` ~koò d` op`qk am|e`z/Jphodk tkdkz bho t`|emohdk z` bhj` poh ~hpzh ~h|h xp` ch jkojp||òjmh z` dí jpòth d` ch ak|eh òxp` ck bho b`jbk/ @o z`fpmdh `c Z`mzò`|k dh ch zmfpmòt` k|dò7 ,¨Jkek `zthlho(, } ckz Cklhtkzd`zbhjò ckz jhl`zt|mcckz } jkckjho ch qòdh h zpz ~m`z/ ^h|h `c qòdhg` d`c tklmcck tk|jmdk# h ch k|dò d`

cmztk# ckz Cklhtkz xp` hjt÷ho d` ~hjmòt`z z` zmòtho } ck dèèz z` bhj` ò ch emzeh ak|eh xp` ~h|h `cjhl`zt|mcck/

882



JH^ÅTPCK OKQ@OK

@Z^@JMHCMDHD D@ FPÅH


^h|h xp` ~kdèmz hdxpm|m| |`hceòt` lmò ch @z~`jmhcmdhd d` Fpåh# `z o`j`zh|mk xp` `r~ck|ímz ch q`jmodhd

d`c cpfh| d` |`pomúo d` qp`zt|h Ehohdh/ Ok kz jkotòtímz ~k| `gè~ck# jko h~|òd`| ch dm|`jjmúo dkod`qmq` `c dkjtk|9 hz`fpekz d` xp` ~kdímz òjkot|h| zp jhzh h jphcxpm`| bk|h d`c dåh k d` ch okjb`/ Dòhdh zm|q` h~|òd`| d` eèk|mh poh cmzth d` okel|`z } dm|`jjmko`z# d` thc eho`|h xp` ch ~kdèmz |`jmth| jkek ~`|mjkz9 d`l`|ímz zhl`| `rhjtheòt` dúod` z` òjpòt|ho } júek cc`fh| bhzth `cchz/ Ck emzekzpj`d` jko |`z~`jtk h ckz ~klchdkz q`jmokz9 d`l`|ímz zhl`| `c jhemok xp` bh} xp` tkeh| ~h|h cc`fh| h`cckz } zm `z ~kzmlc` hcfk hj`|jh d` ckz emzekz/

H}pdh hc ak|hzt`|k

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gheèz poh ~|k~moh } jphodk kz d`z~mdèmz zhcpdhd `c`fhotèòt`/

GP@FKZ ] ^\ÈJTMJHZ

Po gp`fk ~k| e`dmk d`c jphc ckz Cklhtkz ~p`dò ~|hjtmjh| `c h|t` d` fpmh| `rt|hog`|kz } xp` hc emzektmè~k `z po gp`fk q`|dhd`|k# `z `c zmfpmòt`7

H]PDH H PO AK\HZT@\K/

Ch Ehohdh z` ak|eh ò jå|jpck/ @c Gà` d` Ehohdh# d` ~m` ò `c jòt|k# dmj`7 ,Zk} po qm`g`jmtk xp` bhqòmdk d` Ckod|`z } ok jkokj` ch jmpdhd om júek cc`fh| h dkod` qk}# »Hcfpmò e` ~kd|åh h}pdh|;,# pokd` ckz Cklhtkz dh po ~hzk hc a|òt`# zhcpdh } dmj`7,Zå z`øk|,/,Emc F|hjmhz,# |`z~kod` `c Gà` d` Ehohdh/ ,E` òjpòt|k ò/// } d`z`k m| h/// "`c cpfh| dkod` z` zp~ko`xp` z` òjpòt|h } `c cpfh| dkod` z` zp~ko` xp` qh ck dmj` hc Cklhtk ò z`j|`tk-/ Ck dèèz ck dmj` òqkw hcth/

88=



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^|`fpothz/

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Jplkz/

Po lpò zmztèh ~h|h ~|klh| "} e`gk|h|- ckz jkokjmemòtkz zkl|` zp q`jmodhd } zkl|` ch |`chjmúo xp``rmzt` òt|` dmq`|zhz ckjhcmdhd`z# jkozmzt` ò po gp`fk d` jplkz d` ehd`|h "~h|`jmdkz h ckz thlmxp`z d`

gpfp`t`-9 ò jhdh pok `ztè eh|jhdk jkek zmfp`7 J/^/ Jkemzh|åh d` ^kcmjåh9 F/H/ Fh|hg` d` Hptkeúqmc`z9B/ Bkz~mthc`z9 } hzå zpj`zmqheòt`/ @c Gà` d` Ehohdh z`øhch po è|`h ò poh e`zh k ò poh ~h|t` d`c~mzk/ Jkckjh po jplk f|hod` d` ehd`|h jkek ghcúo jòt|hc %ch mfc`zmh# k `c cpfh| d` |`pomúo d` ch Ehohdh%} ~ko` po Cklhtk "k dkz xp` t|hlhgò gpotkz- ~h|h xp` jkckxp` ckz jplkz ò jk||`jth |`chjmúo pokz jkokt|kz jko |`z~`jtk hc ghcúo/

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Zm ch Ehohdh `ztè t|hlhghodk hdèèz ò ch jkozt|pjjmúo d` ekd`ckz ò jh|túo# ckz Cklhtkz ~p`dòjkozt|pm| jko `zt` eht`|mhc hcfpohz jhzhz k tmòdhz ~h|h pzh|chz ò zpztmtpjmúo d` ckz jplkz# ck jphchøhd` |`hcmdhd } ht|hjtmqk hc gp`fk/

Jhemokz jk|tkz/

@z aèjmc hdxpm|m| jkokjmemòtkz zpamjmòt`z zkl|` ckz jhemokz xp` hjk|tò dmzthojmhz# bhjmòdk xp` chEhohdh z`øhc` jpèc `z ch qåh eèz jk|th òt|` cpfh|`z jkokjmdkz/ Hcfpokz Cklhtkz ~|à`|m|èo po jhemok }kt|kz kt|k/ @z po lpò zmztèh xp` `c Gà` } ch Ehohdh |`jk||ho ckz dma`|òt`z jhemokz eòjmkohdkzklz`|qhodk jko tkdk jpmdhdk `c tmè~k xp` dp|` zp |`jk||mdk# ~h|h zhl`| |`hceòt` jpèc `z `c eèz jk|tk/

Jkokjmemòtkz d` ch bmztk|mh d` ch ckjhcmdhd

Ch bmztk|mh d` ch ^h||kxpmh "`z~`jmhceòt` ò chz ~`xp`øhz qmcchz- ~kd|è tò`| ~kjk mot`|íz# ~`|k thelmíoz` ~kd|èo òjkot|h| hcfpokz `dmamjmkz } cpfh|`z ò ch q`jmodhd xp` ch tòfho# thc`z jkek poh mfc`zmhfútmjh# poh tpelh modmh# po jhztmcck ò |pmohz# k po jhe~k d` lhthcch# hc|`d`dk| d` chz jphc`z ~p`d`t`g`|z` poh lpòh aèlpch d`c ~hzhdk/ Thc jkzh ahzjmoh|è h ckz Cklhtkz# c`z dh|è lpòhz md`hz } tòd`|è hhl|m|c`z ckz kgkz "tho h~tkz ~h|h z`| emk~`z- bhjmh po epodk d`zjkokjmdk# bhjmh `c ~hzhdk fck|mkzk/ Pohmfc`zmh fútmjh dh|è k~k|tpomdhd hc Gà` d` Ehohdh ~h|h bhj`| poh ~`xp`øh ~cètmjh zkl|` h|xpmt`jtp|h|`cmfmkzh } zpz dma`|òt`z ahj`z "jkokwjk Zjkptz xp` tkeho f|ho mot`|íz ò `ztk- ck emzek z` ~p`d` d`jm| d` po jhztmcck ò |pmohz %hxpå z` ~p`d` bhj`| |`zhcth| ch bmztk|mh jke÷o } jk||mòt`# jko cpfh| hd`zj|m~jmúo d` ch qmcch ò `c tmè~k ò xp` `c jhztmcck tòåh me~k|thojmh/ Hpo chz ~`xp`øhz jmpdhd`z|p|hc`z# zm pok z` tkeh `c t|hlhgk d` lpzjh| ò ch bmztk|mh d` ch ckjhcmdhd# `ztèo ccòhz d` |kehotmjmzek }tmòò# hcfpohz thelmío# zpz aèlpchz `rt|høhz } zpz jkztpel|`z d` mot`|íz ~homjpch|/Zm z` ~p`d` `zj|mlm| poh ~m`wh d` t`ht|k# jk|th# jko `cèòtkz d` ch bmztk|mh k ch c`}òdh d` ch ckjhcmdhd#z`|è `ztk hcfk `rj`còt` ò xpí bhj`| hjtph| h ckz Cklhtkz } ep} ~k~pch|`z ~h|h chz am`zthz d` ch í~kjhd` ehc tmè~k/ @c |`~|`zòth| òjhoth h ckz Cklhtkz# `ztè ccòk d` |kehotmjmzek } tmò` ch qòthgh d`~kd`| z`| k|fhomwhdk ~k| hdpctkz } xp` íztkz ~p`dò ~|`zth| epjbhz d` chz jkzhz xp` z` o`j`zmtho/Hdèèz d`c ~chj`| xp` òt|høh ~h|h ckz Cklhtkz# bh} xp` tò`| ò jkozmd`|hjmúo xp` ckz òzh}kz } ch|`~|`zòthjmúo d` ch ~m`wh c`z bhj` fhoh| jkoamhowh ò zå emzekz9 ckz òz`øh h `r~|`zh|z` jko jch|mdhd#c`z `dpjh ch eèk|mh } |`xpm`|` d` `cckz ~hjmòjmh# dkemomk d` zå emzekz } `zap`|wk ~kzmtmqk/

8<8



JH^ÅTPCK DÍJMEK

@Z^@JMHCMDHD D@ DKEÍZTMJK

H}pdh h chz ehd|`z

Ok bh} o`j`zmdhd d` d`jm| h po Cklhtk júek h}pdh| h zp ehd|`9 `c hek| `z `c ÷omjk xp` c` ~p`d`òz`øh| `ztk/ Hdèèz# jhdh ehd|` tmò` md`hz dmztmothz h `zt` |`z~`jtk/ Tkdh ehd|` xp` q` xp` zp bmgkd`z`h bhj`| jphotk ~p`d` ò jhzh c` òjkot|h|è z`fp|heòt` hcfk xp` bhj`|/ Hzå ~p`z# h~|òd`d~|me`|k h tò`| po q`|dhd`|k d`z`k d` z`|qm| h qp`zt|h ehd|`# d`z~píz dèkzt|èdz`ck/ @c |`ztk ck bh|è`cch/

Cme~mh| ch jbmeò`h

Jphodk qkzkt|kz bh}èmz xpmthdk chz jòmwhz } dèèz d`z~`|dmjmkz# d`l`|ímz jkf`| po j`~mcck dp|k } jko

íc xpmth| `c bkccåo d` ch ~h|t` d` ht|èz } d` ckz chdkz d` ch jbmeò`h/ òz`fpmdh ~kd|ímz lh||`| `c ~mzk/Cp`fk ~kd|ímz poth| cmf`|heòt` jko hcfpoh zpzthojmh# chz lh||hz } dèèz ~h|t`z e`tècmjhz# ~pcmíodkchzjko po j`~mcck/ @ztk z`fp|heòt` kz tkeh|è hcf÷o tmè~k } hdèèz |`xpm`|` thelmío ap`|whz9 ~`|k ok ckd`l`|ímz hlhodkoh| bhzth xp` ok bh}èmz kltòmdk ò tkdhz `zthz ~m`whz zpamjmòt l|mcck# zè`ghot` hcxp` qkzkt|kz kltòímz jphodk ~pcåz qp`zt|kz ~|k~mkz wh~htkz } lkthz/

^|`~h|h| `c tí

Jphcxpm`|h ~p`d` ~|`~h|h| poh thwh k|dmoh|mh d` tí# ~`|k ep} ~kjkz zko ckz xp` bh|èo poh lpòh thwhd` tí/ ^h|h `cck ck ~|me`|k xp` d`l`|ímz bhj`| `z chqh| lmò ch eh|emth# ccòèodkch jko hfph op`qh } a|åhbhzth ch jkchd`|h d`c ~mjk/@oz`fpmdh c` ~kod|ímz hfph ~h|h xp` bm`|qh/ J`|jmk|hkz# d`z~píz d` xp` ch t`t`|h `ztè cme~mh } z`jh/Jhcòthdch po ~kjk jko hfph jhcmòt` hot`z d` xp` ch eh|emth bm`|qh/ ^ko`d ò ch t`t`|h poh jpjbh|hdmth

d` tí ~k| jhdh ~`|zkoh } poh `rt|h ~k| jhdh t|`z# ~`|k zm zko epjbhz òtkoj`z d`l`|ímz ~ko`| hcfkeòkz d` poh jpjbh|hdmth ~k| jhdh poh# klz`|qhd jko jpmdhdk ch eh|emth ~h|h xp` ò `c ekeòtk òxp` bm`|qh# `z d`jm| xp` }h bhfh lp|lpghz k h||kg` qh~k| ~k| `c ~mjk# ch xpmtímz moe`dmhtheòt` d` chcpel|` q`|tmòdk `c hfph ò ch t`t`|h/ Ch e`gk| eho`|h d` j`|jmk|h|z` d` xp` ch eh|emth `ztè bm|qmòdk`z ~ko`| poh qh|mth k `c ehofk d` poh jpjbh|h jkot|h `c hzh } zm zòtåz xp` qml|h jkek ck bh|åh po ektk| ò emomhtp|h# zhl|ímz xp` `c hfph `ztè bm|qmòdk/ D`z~píz d`ghd xp` ch t`t`|h ~`|eho`wjh ~k| po emoptkj`|jh d`c ap`fk } }h `zth|è cmztk `c tí ~h|h z`|qm|z`/

A|`å| bp`qkz

8<<



\ke~`d `c jhzjh|úo jko jpmdhdk qhjmhodk `c jkotòmdk ò poh thwh/ Jphodk ch f|hzh `ztè bm|qmòdk òch zh|tío# q`|t`d `c bp`qk ò `cch zphqèòt` ~h|h xp` ok z` |ke~h# jpmdhd d` xp` ch f|hzh |kd`` lmò `cbp`qk pzhodk ~h|h `cck po jpjbmcck# } zm `c bp`qk z` ~`fh c`qhothdck jko `c jpjbmcck ~h|h xp` ch f|hzh~hz` ~k| d`lhgk d` íc/ Ok ~kofèmz dèhzmhdh f|hzh ò ch zh|tío# ohdh eèz ch zpamjmòt` ~h|h xp` jpl|htkdh zp lhz` hc d`||`tm|z`/^h|h b`|qm| bp`qkz ò hfph# |ke~`d `c jhzjh|úo } q`|t`d zp jkotòmdk ò poh thwh } cp`fk jko epjbhzphqmdhd qkcq`d h q`|t`|ck ò hfph bm|qmòdk zhjèodkck òz`fpmdh# xpmthdc` `c hfph zkl|hot` } }h `zth|ècmztk ~h|h jkckjh|z` zkl|` poh tkzthdh/ Poh k dkz fkthz d` cmeúo hf|`fhdhz hc hfph bh|èo xp` `c bp`qk

xp`d` eèz am|e`/

Ekodh| } b`|qm| ~hththz

^h|h ekodh| } b`|qm| ~hththz# ò ak|eh jk||`jth# chqhd chz ~hththz ~|me`|k# cp`fk ekodhdchz } xpmthdc`zckz kgkz jko ch ~poth d` po jpjbmcck# òz`fpmdh jkckjhdchz jkoak|e` chz bh}èmz t`|emohdk# ò pohjhj`|kch jko hfph cme~mh } tò`dchz cmzthz ~h|h jphodk chz o`j`zmtímz/ ^h|h b`|qm|chz# jkckjhdchz ò hfpha|åh jko po ~kjk d` zhc# ~`|k zm zko ~hththz }h qm`ghz ~kod`dchz ò hfph bm|qmòdk jko po ~kjk d` zhc9 òckz dkz jhzkz b`|qmdchz bhzth xp` z` zmòtho zphq`z hc ~mjh|chz jko po tò`dk|/ Tm|hd `c hfph } ~ko`d chjhj`|kch zkl|` ch `ztpah ~k| po emoptk/ @ztk ÷ctmek ~h|h z`jh| chz ~hththz } ~h|h dh|c`z e`gk| zhwúo/

Chqhdk d` t|hztkz

@zt` t|hlhgk dh md`h d` z`| zpeheòt` t`dmkzk/ ^`|k thelmío bh} poh eho`|h h~|k~mhdh d` d`zè~`øh| ckz t|hlhgkz t`dmkzkz/ ^h|h bhj`|ck lmò } ò ak|eh hf|hdhlc` d`l`|ímz ~|kq`èkz d` poh gkahmoh k|`jm~mòt` ccòk d` hfph cme~mh } jhcmòt`# h ch jphc z` hf|`fh ghlúo k ~kcqk d`t`|fòt`# po `zt|k~hgk } pot|h~k d` z`jh|# cme~mk/ ^|mojm~mhd zmè~|` ~k| chqh| chz jkzhz xp` `ztío eèz cme~mhz# jkek chz jpjbh|hz }ckz tò`dk|`z# ckz ~chtkz ~`xp`økz# chz thwhz d` tí# `tj/# } hc ÷ctmek ckz ~chtkz f|hod`z } ckz jpjbmcckz/ Ckzqhzkz d`l`|èo cme~mh|z` jko hfph a|åh } ~pcm|z` jko po t|h~k z`jk/

Chqhdk d` chz qòthohz

Zm chz qòthohz `ztèo dèhzmhdk zpjmhz jkoz`fpåkz hcfpoh zplzthojmh ~h|h lchoxp`h|# } jko po t|h~kekghdk ò dmjbh zplzthojmh# |`jk||`dchz bhzth jpl|m|chz lmò jko `cch/ Jphodk ízth z` bh}h z`jhdkxpmthd `c ~kcqk jko po t|h~k z`jk } ~pcmdchz jko a|ho`ch k fhepwh/ Kt|k zmztèh `z chqh| chz qòthohz jkopoh fhepwh ekghdh } d`z~píz ~pcm|chz jko kt|h z`jh/ Opojh chqímz chz qòthohz emòt|hz `c zkc dí ò`cchz# ~p`z ok ~kd|ímz j`|jmk|h|kz d` zm `ztèo lmò cme~mhz k ok/

Cme~m`wh } ~pcmeòtk d` klg`tkz d` e`thc

Ckz jpjbmcckz z` cme~mho fò`|hceòt` jko ~kcqk d` tmwh/ A|kthdckz ck eèz xp` ~kdèmz# `z `c e`gk| jkoz`gkxp` }k ~p`dk dh|kz# ck emzek kz dmfk d` ckz klg`tkz d` e`thc ~h|h ckz jphc`z ~kdímz pzh| hcf÷o cåxpmdkd` ckz xp` z` qòdò ~h|h `c klg`tk/

Cme~m`wh } ~pcj|mtpd

Ch e`gk| ~|p`lh d` xp` ckz Cklhtkz zko lpòkz k|dòhowhz dkeíztmjkz z`|è xp` jkoz`|q` cme~mh chjp`qh d` zp Ehohdh# ch jphc d`l`|è z`| poh eh|hqmcch d` cme~m`wh } ~pcj|mtpd/ jkoztmtp}òdk ch òqmdmh d`cGà` d` T|k~h/ `c jphc d`z`h|åh xp` zpz Zjkptz bplm`|ho kltòmdk `zth @z~`jmhcmdhd ~h|h xp` bplm`|hoh~|òdmdk h tò`| q`|dhd`|k hek| hc k|dò/Kt|h ~|p`lh jkozmztm|è ò `c hz~`jtk xp` fph|dò ckz wh~htkz } lkthz d` ckz Cklhtkz tkdkz ckz dåhz } okzúck ò chz f|hod`z zkcèomdhd`z/ ^`|k zkl|` tkdk bhl|è xp` tò`| ò jpòth ch k~momúo d` chz eheèz#jphodk `c gà` d` Ehohdh chz qmzmt`# ~p`z `c epjbhjbk xp` z` bh}h b`jbk hj|``dk| h ch @z~`jmhcmdhdh||hojh|è d` zp eheè `c jkeòth|mk `z~kotèo`k d` xp` ok bh} ohdh ò `c epodk xp` bhfh h poepjbhjbk eèz jk|tíz# eèz z`|qmjmhc } eèz `dpjhdk xp` ch Ehohdh d` Cklhtkz/@zthz ~|p`lhz zko jkotmophz# ok z` ~hzho ~k| e`dmk d` poh ~|p`lh/ ~`|k# ~k| zp~p`ztk# bhl|è thelmíoxp` tò`| hcf÷o `rheò/ Hzå ~p`z# ckz Cklhtkz bhfho xp` zp Zmokdhc |`hceòt` fpzt` d` ch thwh d` tíxp` c` ~|`~h|ò } xp` z` ~kofh d` lpò bpek| hc `rhemoh| ch jbmeò`h# chz qòthohz } hpo chz ~hththz~|`~h|hdhz ~k| qkzkt|kz/

8<:



Ok bh} o`j`zmdhd d` zpf`|m| gp`fkz ~k| e`dmk d` ckz jphc`z ckz Cklhtkz ~p`dho ~|hjtmjh| `zthz jkzhz/Z` k}` jko a|`jpòjmh bhlch| d` xp` ckz omøkz gp`fho h ch jhzmth# ~`|k ckz Cklhtkz ok o`j`zmtho gpfh|#`cckz bhjò chz jkzhz |`hc } q`|dhd`|heòt`/ @c bhj`|chz ckz ahzjmoh eèz xp` jphcxpm`| gp`fk/

8<4



JH^ÅTPCK DÍJMEK ^\ME@\K

@Z^@JMHCMDHD D@ HTC@TH

]k kz b` dmjbk hcfk jko hot`|mk|mdhd ò ch Díjmeh } ò ch D`jmek jph|th Dòt`cchdhz hj`|jh d` júekd`límz jkoz`|qh|kz zhokz } ap`|t`z/ Zm qkzkt|kz d`z`èmz z`| htc`thz o`j`zmth|ímz z`fpm| ckz jkoz`gkz xp`hbå kz b` dhdk } bhj`| jphotk ~kdèmz/ ~k| e`dmk d` ckz `g`|jmjmkz xp` kz b` zpf`|mdk/ ~h|h hdm`zt|h|kz/Ohdm` ~p`d` z`| htc`th zm ok tmò` zp jk|hwúo# zpz ~pceko`z# zp `ztúehfk } zpz o`|qmkz ò lpòhzjkodmjmko`z/Chz ~|p`lhz xp` z` |`xpm`|ò ~h|h ch @z~`jmhcmdhd d` Htc`th dmam`|ò z`f÷o ch `dhd d`c Cklhtk# }h xp`z`|åh po hlzp|dk mehfmoh| xp` po omøk d` = høkz ~p`d` zhcth| tho hctk jkek pok d` 88 } zmè~|` `z d`d`z`h|z` xp` po omøk d` = høkz xp` bh}h fhohdk zp Z`fpodh @zt|`cch# t|ht` d` fhoh| thelmío `zth@z~`jmhcmdhd xp` ck h}pd` ~h|h bhj`| xp` zp jp`|~k j|`wjh } z` ak|thc`wjh/ Zm po Cklhtk bh kltòmdk`zth Mozmfomh hot`z d` cc`fh| h ckz 8> høkz d` `dhd# tòd|è ohtp|hceòt` xp` qkcq`|ch h ~hzh| jko ok|ehzeèz hcthz d`z~píz d` `zh `dhd/ @ztk z` bhj` ò gpztmjmh bhjmh ckz kt|kz Cklhtkz xp` bho kltòmdk ch

emzeh Mozmfomh/

Jh||`|hz d` q`ckjmdhd

Ok bh} epjbh o`j`zmdhd d` jkoz`gkz jko |`z~`jtk h qp`zt|k òt|òhemòtk/ @c Cklhtk tòd|è xp`~|hjtmjh| ~k| zå emzek# ~`|k opojh d`l`|è t|hth| d` jk||`| dèhzmhdk h~|mzh k zhcth| dèhzmhdk hctk òpo ~|mojm~mk# ~p`z zm ck bhj` z` ~p`d` jhpzh| dhøk/ Bh} xp` h~|òd`| h jk||`| zkl|` ch ~poth d` ckz ~m`z#jko íztkz h~pothodk bhjmh hd`chot`# ok qkct`hdkz bhjmh ckz chdkz9 fph|dhodk `c jp`|~k ò `xpmcml|mk#jkoz`|qhodk ckz l|hwkz gpotkz h ckz achojkz } zmo xp` z` ep`qho dèhzmhdk# jko ch jhl`wh bhjmh h||mlh/Ok bh} xp` ak|wh| `c ~hzk dèhzmhdk# ~k| `c jkot|h|mk# bh} xp` d`zh||kcch| po ~hzk pomak|e` xp` okjhpz` `zap`|wk/ ^ko`d `z~`jmhc htòjmúo h qp`zt|h |`z~m|hjmúo# d`zh||kcchd qp`zt|kz ~pceko`z jko ch~|èjtmjh dmh|mh d` |`z~m|hjmúo ~|kapodh/

Zhctk d` hctp|h Jphodk ~|hjtmxpímz zhctk d` hctp|h hdk~thd `c zmztèh xp` kz z`h eèz aèjmc }h z`h ízt` jk|| | ~`|~òdmjpch|eòt` k d` chdk/ ]h bhl|è tmè~k d`z~píz ~h|h d`zjh|th| `c `ztmck ohtp|hc xp` hdk~tímz }tkeh| hxp`c xp` eèz jkoqòfh/ Opojh jk||èmz dèhzmhdk h~|mzh ~h|h dh| `c zhctk# zmok d`z~hjmk }t|hoxpmcheòt` } bhj`dck h~k}hodk zkl|` ckz d`dkz d` ckz ~m`z/ ^|kotk h~|òd`|ímz h zhl`| h xpídmzthojmh d` ch lh||h d`l`|ímz zhcth|/ Tò`d jpmdhdk thelmío# d` jh`| zkl|` chz ~pothz d` ckz ~m`z } d`dklch| chz |kdmcchz bhjmh ap`|h hc jh`|/ Zm qkzkt|kz dklcèmz chz |kdmcchz d` jphcxpm`| ekdk ~kdímz dh| jkoqp`zt|h lh|lh jkot|h `cchz } `zk dp`c` epjbåzmek# `z~`jmhceòt` zm thc kjp||` jphodk qp`zt|h còfph z`òjpòt|h ap`|h òt|` qp`zt|kz dmòt`z/ Zmè~|` jkoz`|qhd ch lkjh j`||hdh } hjk|dhkz d` jkoz`|qh| chcòfph lmò d`t|èz d` ckz dmòt`z/

8<0



Zhctk ckofmtpdmohc

Zmè~|` `z ~|à`|mlc` hdxpm|m| f|ho q`ckjmdhd hot`z d` ~|mojm~mh| h dh| `zt` zhctk# ~`|k d`l`|ímz ~|hjtmjh| h zhcth| ck eèz j`|jh d` ch |h}h# zmo ~mzh|ch/ Thc jkzh `z ep} dmaåjmc hc ~|mojm~mk# ~`|k z` hdxpm`|` jko~|èjtmjh } zmo zhcth| h f|hod`z dmzthojmhz bhzth xp` ok z` bh hdxpm|mdk ch ~|èjtmjh d` ~|mojm~mh| ò cheh|jh pohz 0 ú 1 q`j`z/ @oz`fpmdh h~|òd`d h zhcth| hctk } ok h jk|th dmzthojmh zkl|` `c ~mzk/ Zm jkckjèmzpoh |heh zkl|` `c ~mzk h e`t|k } e`dmk k h dkz e`t|kz } kz bhjímz `c ~|k~úzmtk d` ~hzh| zkl|` `cch#~|kotk h~|òd`|ímz ch ak|eh hd`jphdh/

@zjhchdh

Hc h~|òd`| h `zjhch| poh jp`|dh# ~|mojm~mhd ~k| hzm|kz h ch jp`|dh jko ch ehok d`|`jbh ck eèz hctk xp`~kdèmz# jkckjhodk cp`fk ch ehok mwxpm`|dh d`lhgk d` ch d`|`jbh# } jkcfèodkkz d` helhz ehokz dklchdqp`zt|hz ~m`|ohz tho hctk jkek ~kdèmz hzmíodkkz jko chz |kdmcchz d` ch jp`|dh } eèz h÷o jko `c è~`mo`d` po ~m` } ch ~choth d`c kt|k/ Jphodk `ztímz z`fp|kz d` `zth| lmò hzmdkz jko ckz ~m`z# dklchd ckz l|hwkzc`qhothodk `c jp`|~k bhjmh h||mlh d`|`jbk } h ck ch|fk d` ch jp`|dh/ @otkoj`z jko chz ehokz ck eèz hctkxp` kz z`h ~kzmlc`# hzåkz d` ch jp`|dh tho am|eèòt` jkek ~kdèmz/ @oz`fpmdh ekq`d ch mwxpm`|dh bhzth~ko`|ch gpotk h ch d`|`jbh# hzmíodkkz jko chz dkz ehokz } ~pdmòdk d`gh| d` hzm|kz jko ckz ~m`z }c`qhothodk íztkz ~h|h qkcq`| h hzm|kz d` ch jp`|dh eèz h||mlh jkek ck bmjm`|hmz hc ~|mojm~mk/ Hc lhgh| ~k| chjp`|dh opojh ch d`gímz d`zcmwh|z` òt|` qp`zt|hz ehokz# ~p`z kz xpèh|è ch ~m`c# lhghd `c jp`|~k bhzthxp`dh| jko ckz l|hwkz òt`|heòt` `rtòdmdkz hzmíodkkz h ch jp`|dh jko chz |kdmcchz } ckz ~m`z }òtkoj`z lhghd qp`zt|h ehok mwxpm`|dh bhzth xp` xp`d` a|òt` h qp`zt|k ~`jbk } cp`fk ch d`|`jbh h xp`xp`d` gpotk h ch mwxpm`|dh/ ^|kjp|hd hzm|kz lmò jko helhz ehokz } òtkoj`z zkcthd ckz ~m`z } d`ghd xp`qp`zt|k jp`|~k z` d`zcmj` bhjmh hlhgk bhzth xp` qp`zt|kz l|hwkz xp`dò tkthceòt` `rtòdmdkz/ \`~`tmd`zth k~`|hjmúo bhzth xp` d` op`qk tkxpímz `c zp`ck jko ckz ~m`z/

^h|h|z` zkl|` ch jhl`wh

Ck e`gk| `z ~|hjtmjh| `zt` `g`|jmjmk jkot|h po ep|k } jkozmfpmòdk hcfpmò xp` kz h}pd` h fph|dh| `c`xpmcml|mk zmo jh`|kz ~h|h ht|èz/ Jkckjhd qp`zt|hz ehokz poh hc chdk d` ch kt|h zkl|` `c ~mzk h 40 jez/ d`cep|k/ ^ko`d qp`zt|h jhl`wh zkl|` `c ~mzk ò e`dmk d` chz ehokz } òa|òt` d` `cchz9 chowhd òz`fpmdhqp`zt|hz ~m`|ohz bhjmh h||mlh# ~|me`|k ch d`|`jbh k ch mwxpm`|dh z`f÷o kz hjkekd`/ Zm chowèmz chz ~m`|ohzjko dèhzmhdh ap`|wh `c ep|k `qmth|è xp` ~hzò d` ch q`|tmjhc/ Zm ok chowèmz jko zpamjmòt` ap`|whtòd|ímz xp` òzh}h| op`qheòt`# ~`|k ch ~|èjtmjh kz bh|è q`| ~|kotk xpí tho ap`|t` d`l`|ímz ~ht`h| ~h|hxp` qp`zt|hz ~m`|ohz qh}ho zkcheòt` bhzth dkod` d`lò m|/ Ok hlhodkoímz ch è~|`zh }h xp` `zzòjmcck } aèjmc cc`qh|ch hc jhlk } hpo jphodk ~h|`j` `rt|høk hodh| d` jhl`wh# ~|kotk kz hjkztpel|h|ímz h`cck/ D`z~píz d` po |htk }h ~kdímz ~|hjtmjh| zmo o`j`zmdhd d`c ep|k# zkl|` `c ~hztk k zkl|` poh jh|~`th/Zm zòtåmz xp` bhlímz ~`|dmdk `c `xpmcml|mk# t|hthd d` jh`| d` chdk } hzå ok kz bh|ímz dhøk/ Opojh jhmfèmzd` `z~hcdhz# ~p`z `zk kz ~p`d` kjhzmkoh| dhøk tkotheòt`/

Dh| qp`cthz d` |p`dh

@zt` `g`|jmjmk `z aèjmc d` cc`qh| h jhlk/ Jk||`d dp|hot` po ~`xp`øk t|hek# dklchd `c jp`|~k bhjmh chd`|`jbh# jkckjhd ch ehok d`|`jbh zkl|` `c ~mzk } d`ghd xp` `c |`ztk d`c jp`|~k ch zmfh ò cåo`h |`jth/ Chehok mwxpm`|dh cc`fh|è hc ~mzk ~k| zå emzeh hot`z xp` ch d`|`jbh# òz`fpmdh `c ~m` mwxpm`|dk } cp`fk `cd`|`jbk/ @zt` emzek `g`|jmjmk ck ~|hjtmjh|ímz ~k| `c chdk mwxpm`|dk/ @z ~|à`|mlc` tò`| hcfpoh ~`|zkoh

eh}k| gpotk h qkzkt|kz hc ~|mojm~mk ~h|h xp` kz h}pd`# ~`|k ep} ~|kotk }h ok o`j`zmth|ímz d` `cch/ Okt|htímz d` dh| dèhzmhdhz qp`cthz ò poh zkch q`w# ~p`z `ztk z`|åh tho tkotk jkek ckz xp` t|htho d`~`|eho`j`| ~h|hdkz d` jhl`wh dp|hot` epjbk tmè~k/^|èjtmjheòt` tkdk Cklhtk òjkot|h|è `zth ~|p`lh d` htc`th ep} dòt|k d` zp jh~hjmdhd# ~`|k ~k| ~kjkxp` kz ~h|`wjh jk||`| 1> e`t|kz ò 8> z`fpodkz# ok t|htímz d` jk||`| 6> ò `c emzek tmè~k/ Bh}o`j`zmdhd d` jkotòth|z` jko ch ~|p`lh thc jkek z` kz dh } ok d` zp~`|h|ch# ~p`z zm qkzkt|kz t|htèmz d`bhj`| `ztk ÷ctmek# ~kdímz jhpzh|kz po dhøk xp` kz me~mdh bhj`| `g`|jmjmkz ~k| epjbk tmè~k/

8<1



JH^ÅTPCK DÍJMEK Z@FPODK

@Z^@JMHCMDHD D@ OHDHDK\


^h|h ch ~|kt`jjmúo d` qkzkt|kz emzekz } thelmío ~h|h ch ~|kt`jjmúo d` qp`zt|kz epjbhjbkz d`l`|ímzzm e~|` tò`| poh ~h| gh d` zhcqheòtk# jke~p`zth ~k| dkz lpòkz ohdhdk|`z# xp` `ztíjkozthotèòt` d` z`|qmjmk emòt|hz dp|` `c lhøk %jko zp t|hg` d` lhøk ~p`ztk } jplm`|tkz jko hl|mfkz#dòt|k d` po lkt` k ò ch ~ch}h# ~`|k zmè~|` cmztkz h hjpdm| ò jphcxpm`| ekeòtk ò |`zjht` d`jphcxpm`|h xp` z` òjpòt|` ò dmamjpcthd/ Gheèz z` bh d` ~`|emtm| h ckz epjbhjbkz lhøh|z`# zm ok kz bhlímz j`|jmk|hdk hot`z d` xp` `c cpfh| `z

~`|(`jtheòt` z`fp|k/ Epjbhz qmdhz bho zmdk zhcqhdhz ~k| e`dmk d` `zthz ~|`jhpjmko`z# xp` jkoztmtp}ò |`fch ò ckz Zjkptz/ Ok `ztè ~k| dèèz bhj`| hcfpohz klz`|qhjmko`z `r~cmjhodk ch |hwúo xp` z` bh tòmdk ~h|h `zjkf`|

hcfpohz ~|p`lhz jkek ÷tmc`z/

Ohthjmúo/

Z` bh `zjkfmdk jkek dmzthojmh <0 e`t|kz ~k|xp` zm po epjbhjbk ~p`d` ohdh| jko ~|k~m`dhd 8> e`t|kz#jko hcfpokz dåhz d` ~|èjtmjh ~kd|è ohdh| <0 k eèz/ @o jhelmk zm `c epjbhjbk zkcheòt` ~p`d`ht|hq`zh| jko dmamjpcthd 8> e`t|kz ò `c hfph# ok ~p`d` ohdh|/

\kth|/

@ztk `z aèjmc } ÷tmc/ Jkot|mlp}` h fph|dh| `c `xpmcml|mk ò `c hfph/ @c ~|hjtmjh| `zth ~|p`lh h}pdh|è hc Cklhtk jkozmd`|hlcèòt` ~h|h ch ~|p`lh d` ohthjmúo9 ~`|k jkek ackth| `z hcfk zmo jbmzt` jko a|`jpòjmhckz epjbhjbkz ck d`gho h po chdk } t|htho d` ohdh| hot`z d` h~|òd`| h fph|dh| `c `xpmcml|mk ò `c hfph/

Ohdh| zkl|` ch `z~hcdh/

Ok bh} dmamjpcthd ~h|h bhj`| `ztk poh q`w xp` `c Cklhtk bh h~|òdmdk h ackth|9 c` høhd` mot`|íz } qh|m`dhd } `z d` f|ho me~k|thojmh d`zd` `c ~potk d` qmzth d` zhcqheòtk# ~h|h jphodk z` jkoqm`|th ò Zjkpt/

Zpe`|fm|z` hc `ztmck ~htk/

@zth k~`|hjmúo `z tho dmaåjmc jkek `jbh|z` po jchqhdk d`zd` ch k|mcch/ Jphodk po Cklhtk bh h~|òdmdk h`jbh|z` jchqhdkz `z ~k|xp` }h c` bh ~`|dmdk `c em`dk hc hfph# `z` em`dk hlzp|dk h `zth| d`lhgk d`c hfph xp` hcfpokz epjbhjbkz jkoz`|qho ~k| ch|fkz hokz/

8<6



Jchqhdk d`zd` ch k|mcch d`c t|he~kcåo/

@zth k~`|hjmúo ok |`xpm`|` f|ho bhlmcmdhd zmok zkcheòt` po ~kjk d` qhck| ck xp` epjbhz q`j`z ahcth hepctmtpd d` Cklhtkz } d` Zjkptz jphodk z` òjpòt|ho ò `c hfph/ Zm po Cklhtk jh|`j` d` ch zpamjmòtàml|h ~h|h `jbh|z` po jchqhdk d`zd` ch k|mcch# ok e`|`j` tò`| ch @z~`jmhcmdhd d` Ohdhdk|/ Bh} ep jbhdmzjm~cmoh ek|hc ò `zth ~|p`lh/ ^`xp`økz Cklhtkz jklh|d`z bhl|èo dhdk po f|ho ~hzk } jkoxpmztèodkz` h zå emzekz ò f|ho eho`|h jphodk z` bh}h ckf|hdk xp` z` `jbò d`zd` ch k|mcch pojchqhdk/


Ck ~|me`|k xp` bh} xp` h~|òd`| `z h tò`| jkoamhowh %} ok tò`| em`dk hc hfph/ Ok kz mehfmoímz xp` kzqhmz h hbkfh| ~k|xp` kz òjkot|èmz d`lhgk d`c hfph %z` o`j`zmth epjbk ~h|h xp` poh ~`|zkoh z`hbkfp`/ Jphodk h~|òdèmz h tm|h|kz jchqhdkz òjkot|h|ímz xp` `z eèz dmaåjmc zpe`|fm|z` } jkoz`|qh|z`d`lhgk d`c hfph xp` ackth| jkek poh ~`ckth d` fkeh/ Zm qkzkt|kz t|hfèmz poh ~kjh d` hfph ok kz~|`kjp~`åz# xp` hc amo } hc jhlk ok `z po qòòk/ Ok t|htímz d` hzm|kz h chz ~`|zkohz xp` kz `ztèoòz`øhodk h ohdh|# jphc zm ap`|hmz poh ~`xp`øh |hth xp` z` `ztè hbkfhodk/ Bhj`d d` jpòth xp` zkmz~`zjhdkz/ Poh q`w xp` kz zmotèmz h fpztk ò `c hfph bhl|ímz fhohdk }h ch lhthcch/

Ackth| Ck xp` bh} xp` h~|òd`| òz`fpmdh `z h jkoz`|qh| `c `xpmcml|mk ò `c hfph# ~k| ck thotk h~|òd`d h ackth|/^h|h bhj`| `ztk hjkzthkz júekdheòt` ò `c hfph# %thc jkek zm kz òjkot|h|hmz ò qp`zt|h jheh# jko chjhl`wh bhjmh ht|èz# bhzth xp` chz k|`ghz xp`dò d`lhgk d`c hfph# jko ckz d`dkz d` ckz ~m`z xp` h~òhzzkl|`zhcfho d`c hfph/ Ok kz ~kofèmz tm`zkz jkek zm ap`|hmz po ~`dhwk d` thlch/ Fph|dhd `c `xpmcml|mkjúekdheòt` } jkoz`|qhd qp`zt|h jhl`wh bhjmh ht|èz %~p`z `z epjbk eèz dmaåjmc ackth| jphodk z`jkoz`|qho d` ap`|h chz k|`ghz/ @oz`øhkz h ackth|# ~p`z `z modmz~òzhlc` ~h|h ~hzh| qp`zt|h ~|p`lh xpàcktímz ~k| po emoptk ò `c eh| k ~k| e`dmk emoptk ò hfph dpcj`/

Ohthjmúo

Ok ~|mojm~mímz h t|hth| d` ohdh| bhzth xp` ok bh}èmz h~|òdmdk h ackth|/ Poh q`w xp` z`~èmz júek fph|dh| `c `xpmcml|mk }h ok z` kz bh|è dmaåjmc ohdh| zmè~|` xp` t|htímz d` |`jk|dh| `ztkz jphotkz jkoz`gkz xp` kzqk} h dh|7

8/ Ok kz hfmtímz } t|hlhgímz dp|k ohdhodk h f|ho ~|mzh jkek zm t|hth|hmz d` fhoh| poh jh|| |h9 hzå ok kzz`|qm|è d` ohdh/ Dhd l|hwhdhz ch|fhz# zphq`z } jhcehdhz hqhowhodk hap`|h# thc jkek zm t|hth|hmz d`è~pgh| `c hfph bhjmh ht|èz jko chz ehokz hlm`|thz9 `zt` ekqmemòtk bh|è xp` qp`zt|kz l|hwkz qh}ho dòp`qk bhjmh `c a|òt` } hzå zpj`zmqheòt`/ Hcfpokz epjbhjbkz òjkot|h|èo eèz aèjmc `c ohdh| hc~|mojm~mk# jkek ck bhjò ckz ~`||kz/ ]k h~|òdå d` `zh eho`|h# ch jphc `z ep} pzhdh òt|` ckzepjbhjbkz hpzt|hcmhokz/</ Ok ~ht`ímz jko chz ~m`|ohz d` jphcxpm`| ekdk/ \`jk|dhd xp` hcfpoh q`w bhlímz qmztk ohdh| h chz |hohz} bhj`d `rhjtheòt` ck emzek jko qp`zt|hz ~m`|ohz xp` `cchz bhjò jko chz zp}hz/ Jkoz`|qhd qp`zt|hz~m`|ohz zmè~|` d`lhgk d`c hfph/ Qp`zt|kz ~m`z ok d`lò jbh~hc`h| `c hfph zkl|` ch zp~`|amjm`/:/ Ok |`tòfèmz ch |`z~m|hjmúo bhzth q`|kz jkek zm ap`|hmz h |`qòth|/ Ohdm` ~kd|è ohdh| bhjmòdk `zk }

ok lpaímz } zk~címz jkek jhlhcckz qm`gkz# zmok |`z~m|hd d`z~hjmk } pomak|eèòt`# jkoz`|qhodk qp`zt|kz~pceko`z ccòkz9 ~p`z `ztk kz h}pdh|è h ackth| jkek po fcklk# po lpò ohdhdk| ~p`d` jhoth|# bhlch| }zmclh| emòt|hz ohdh/4/ Ok pzímz ackthdk|`z# íztkz `ztk|lho ~h|h h~|òd`| h jkoz`|qh| `c `xpmcml|mk ~k| ~|k~mk `zap`|wk } kzbh|èo `xpmcml|h|kz d` ehch eho`||h# jko `cckz bh} eèz ~|klhlmcmdhd d` qkct`h|z` } d` zpe`|fm|z`|`~òtmoheòt`9 `z e`gk| h~|òd`| zmo `cckz/0/ Ok òzh}ímz dp|hot` ch|fk tmè~k/ hc ~|mojm~mk dkz lpòhz l|hwhdhz ~h|h cp`fk ~ko`|z` d` ~m` } qkcq`| h òzh}h| d` op`qk `z epjbåzmek e`gk| xp` dm`w dhdhz d` ~|mzh# xp` fò`|hceòt t`|emoho jko pohzpe`|fmdh } f|ho lh|pcck/ ^|hjtmjhd qp`zt|hz l|hwhdhz zphqèòt` } d`z~hjmk# jkoz`|qhodk po ~m` òjkothjtk jko `c akodk bhzth xp` tòfèmz zpamjmòt` jkoamhowh ~h|h c`qhoth|ck } dh| pohz jphothz l|hwhdhzxp` kz bhfho hd`choth|/

8<2



Zm klz`|qèmz `zthz |`fchz jpmdhdkzheòt` } zm bh} hcfpmò xp` kz h}pd` h ohdh| zkztòmíodkkz } xp` kzmoapodh jkoamhowh# ok ~hzh|è epjbk tmè~k zmo xp` h~|òdèmz h ohdh|/ ^`|k |`jk|dhd xp` z` o`j`zmthjkozthojmh } bhj`| Zmè~|` ck E`gk|/

Zpe`|fm|z` `ztmck ~htk

@zth k~`|hjmúo `z lmò zòjmcch } hpo jphodk ~h|`j` dmaåjmc ok ck `z jkek `jbh|z` `c jchqhdk d`zd` po

t|he~kcåo# jkek ckz Zjkptz tmòò xp` bhj`|ck/ Z` ccheh zpe`|fm|z` `ztmck ~htk ~k|xp` qkzkt|kz tòímzxp` bhj`| `rhjtheòt` jkek ckz ~htkz jphodk z` zpe`|fò/ Hzå# ~p`z# jphodk tòfèmz k~k|tpomdhd#amghkz ò ckz ~htkz } zhl|ímz ck xp` bh} xp` bhj`|/ ^h|h `c jhzk ò xp` ok tòfèmz k~k|tpomdhd d` q`| júek bhjò ckz ~htkz kz bh|í hxpå hcfpohz zpf`|òjmhz/8/ ^|me`|k xp` ohdh ok z`èmz jklh|d`z/ J|``de`7 z` zmòt` pok ep} h fpztk d`lhgk d`c hfph# ízth z` q`jkck| q`|d` ~ècmdk } ccòh d` lp|lpghz/ ^òzhd xp` kz qh h fpzth| } t|hthd d` zòtm|kz ~htkz k ~`zjhdkz/</ ^ko`kz d` ~m` d` eho`|h xp` `c hfph kz dí bhzth chz hrmchz/ Bhj`d poh |`z~m|hjmúo ~|kapodh#hfhjbhd ch jhl`wh bhzth xp` kz tkxpímz `c ~`jbk jko ch lh|lh# zpe`|fmd ch jhl`wh ò `c hfph } hc emzektmè~k `jbhd qp`zt|hz ~m`|ohz bhjmh ht|èz d` thc ekdk xp` zhcfho d`c hfph d`t|èz d` qkzkt|kz/ Bhj`d po`zap`|wk ~h|h tkjh| jko qp`zt|hz ehokz `c ~mzk } tkjhdck zm ~kdímz9 òz`fpmdh qp`zt|hz ehokz bhjmhh||mlh# dhd poh ~hthdh jko ckz ~m`z } d` op`qk zhcd|ímz h ch zp~`|amjm`/ \`jk|dhd xp` ch jhl`wh t|hthzmè~|` d` ackth| } ckz ~m`z d` tkjh| `c akodk } xp` ~k| thotk ok bh} ohdh xp` tè`|/ Jkoz`|qhd qp`zt|kzkgkz hlm`|tkz# ck jphc kz h}pdh|è epjbk/

Jchqhdk d`zd` ch k|mcch

Zm òjkot|èmz xp` kz `z dmaåjmc zpe`|fm|kz %ck xp` ok kz zpj`d`|è zm z`fpåz chz mozt|pjjmko`z xp` kz b`dhdk } bhjímz Zmè~|` ck E`gk|# t|hthd d` `jbh|kz d` jchqhdk d`zd` ch k|mcch/ Ck jphc ~p`d` z`| b`jbk~k| jphcxpm`|h ~p`z ok òt|høh bhlmcmdhd# zmok zòjmccheòt` qhck| %} omof÷o Cklhtk qh h jkoa`zh| xp` oktmò` qhck|%/ ^h|h `cck tkdk ck xp` bh} xp` bhj`| `z dh| po zhctk d`zd` ch k|mcch dklchodk chz |kdmcchz ~h|hhl|hwh|chz jko ckz l|hwkz/ @ozh}hd xpí tho c`gkz ~kdímz dh| `c zhctk } xpí tho f|hod` ~kdímz bhj`| `cjbh~hc`k/ Zm jk||ímz h ck ch|fk d` po t|he~kcåo "k ~k| ck eòkz d` ch k|mcch- ~kd|ímz m| ep} c`gkz/ ^`|k ~k| zp~p`ztk xp` ~h|h ch ~|p`lh lhzth jko `jbh|z` d`zd` po lkt` k d`zd` ch ~ch}h/ @c Cklhtk xp` ~hzh `zth~|p`lh dèp`zt|h xp` ok `z omof÷o jklh|d`# zmok ~k| `c jkot|h|mk po lpò d`~k|tmzth } ~k| thotk e`|`j`ch @z~`jmhcmdhd d` Ohdhdk|/Pohz jphothz ~hchl|hz d` jkoz`gk hj`|jh d` qp`zt|k lhøk/

% \`jk|dhd kl`d`j`| zmè~|` h qp`zt|k Gà` d` Ehohdh me~cåjmtheòt` |`z~`jtk h jpèodk } dúod`d`límz lhøh|kz/% Ok ohdíåz ò `c eh| ò poh ~|kapodmdhd eh}k| xp` qp`zt|h `zthtp|h# zm ok `ztèmz jko qp`zt|k Gà` dÈhohdh k jko po Zjkpt xp` z`~h ohdh| lmò/% Ok kz xp`dímz ò `c hfph bhzth xp` kz òa|mímz# kz hek|htímz } kz ~kofèmz h tèlch|9 ò `zhzjkodmjmko`z z`|è ep} aèjmc xp` kz dí po jhchel|`/% Ok kz lhøímz d`z~píz d` jke`|# hot`z d` xp` bh}ho ~hzhdk poh k dkz bk|hz# ~p`z d` ck jkot|h|mk~kd|èo dh|kz jhchel|`z ò `c `ztúehfk k ò chz ~m`|ohz } `ztk bhj` xp` pok z` òjkgh } ok ~p`dhohdh|/ Epctmtpd d` epjbhjbkz z` hbkfho jhdh høk ~k| ok bhj`| jhzk d` `zt` jkoz`gk/%Opojh t|htímz d` zpe`|fm|kz k chowh| h kt|kz Cklhtkz jphodk `ztío h~|òdmòdk h ohdh| k h ackth|# ~p`ztkdk `ztk c`z bh|è ~`|d`| ch jkoamhowh/ ^òzhd ò ck xp` qkzkt|kz kdmh|åhmz xp` kz bmjm`|ho thc jkzh#~òzhd ò xp` kz lhøèmz ~h|h h~|òd`| h ohdh| } ~h|h e`gk|h| qp`zt|kz jkokjmemòtkz } ok kz d`gímzcc`qh| d` ch tòthjmúo d` hodh| gpfhodk tkdk `c tmè~k jko ckz Cklhtkz eèz ~`xp`økz# xp` ok t|htho d`kltò`| zp @z~`jmhcmdhd d` Ohdhdk|/

8<=



JH^ÅTPCK DÍJMEK T@\J@\K

@Z^@JMHCMDHD D@ GPFHDK\ D@ @XPM^K


Hc d`jm| zkl|` ch jphcmdhd xp` d`l` tò`| po Cklhtk ~h|h kltò`| ch @z~`jmhcmdhd d` Gpfhdk| d` @xpm~kokzkt|kz zpl|h}hekz `c jke~k|themòtk ~`|zkohc d`c Cklhtk dp|hot` ckz gp`fkz/ Jphcxpm`|h xp` bh}htòmdk hcfk xp` q`| jko epjbhjbkz "} h÷o jko gúqò`z- bhl|è okthdk `c bèlmtk bk||mlc` xp` tmòòhcfpokz d` h|fóm| } jhqmch| dp|hot` ckz gp`fkz d` `xpm~k/ @ztk t`|emoh zmè~|` ò ch d`zt|pjjmúo d`c `z~å|mtp d`c gp`fk } hpo ò |møhz/ @zth tòdòjmh d`l`|è z`| t|hthdh jko `rt|èk |mfk| ~k| ckz Gà`z d` Ehohdh9 hzmemzek# ch d` gpfh| zpjmk } òkgh|z` jphodk zhcòd`||kthdkz# Zko ~|`jmzheòt` `zthz dkz ahcthz chz xp` dho cpfh| h jkot|kq`|zmhz/ D`z~píz d` dkz k t|`zhdq`|tòjmhz jch|hz# `c Cklhtk xp` mozmzth d`l`|è z`| `r~pczhdk d`c `xpm~k9 zkcheòt` hzå h~|òd`|èo htò`| `c `z~å|mtp jkoqòmòt` ~h|h `c gp`fk/ Ch z`q`|mdhd jko qmò` ~h|h ok ~`|emtm| dmzjpzmko`z# òkgkz#

`tj/9 hpeòth|è ch dmzjm~cmoh# ch kl`dmòjmh mozthotèo`h } `c dkemomk zkl|` zå emzekz/ Kt|h eht`|mh zkl|` ch jphc ckz Gà`z d` Ehohdh d`l`|èo ~ko`| `z~`jmhc htòjmúo `z ch ahcth d` jkot|kc zkl|` zå emzekz } d` qhck| d`c xp` zp`cò dh| ep`zt|hz ckz epjbhjbkz jphodk zhcò b`|mdkz ò po

gp`fk/ Ckz Gà`z d` Ehohdh d`l`|èo `z~`|h| } hcòth| `c `z~å|mtp `z~h|thok/ @c `ztkmjmzek z`|è poh op`qh md`h xp` |`jmlho ckz Cklhtkz —} poh `rj`còt` md`h/ Chz hfkoåhz dèp`|t` ò `c jhe~k } `c ~ko`|z` h cck|h| ok d`lò ~`|emtm|z` ~k| omof÷o ektmqk/ Bh} xp` jkeòwh| d`zd` `c ~|mojm~mk mojpcjhodk ò ckz epjbhjbkz po `z~å|mtp `z~h|thok# ohtp|hceòt` bhzth dkod` z`h

~kzmlc` jko Cklhtkz ~`|k `ztk ~|kdpjm|è po ehfoåamjk |`zpcthdk/ Ckz Cklhtkz d`l`|èo zhl`| xp` zm poepjbhjbk z` d`zeh}h k z` ~ko` òa`|ek "jkek zp`c` zpj`d`| jphodk `ztèo |`pomdkz- ok d`l`|èo

~ko`|z` o`|qmkzkz zmok xp` d`l`|èo jkotmoph| ò ck xp` `ztèo bhjmòdk jkek zm ok bplm`|` zpj`dmdkohdh# ~h|h d`gh| hc Gà` d` Ehohdh ò cml`|thd d` htòd`| hc xp` `ztè òa`|ek/ Chz dèkzt|hjmko`z d`

~`zh|kzh hfkoåh d` ~h|t` d` po epjbhjbk xp` z` bh b`jbk po |hzfpøk k xp` z` bh b`|mdk ò hcfpohkt|h ak|eh ò jphcxpm`| mojmdòt d` po gp`fk/ d`l`|èo xp`dh| zp~|memdhz ~k| e`dmk d` ch lp|ch# zhcqk

~k| zp~p`ztk xp` ch b`|mdh ok z`h c`q`/ B` hxpå poh `rj`còt` k~k|tpomdhd xp` ~|`zòth `zth @z~`jmhcmdhd ~h|h òz`øh| h ckz omøkz h z`| qh|komc`z9 ~k| thotk bh} xp` h~|kq`jbh|ch ck e`gk| xp` z`h ~kzmlc`/


Jpmdhdk d` zå emzekz

Zm d`z`èmz z`| lpòkz aptlkcmzthz k l`mzlkcmzthz# k lpòkz gpfhdk|`z ò po `xpm~k d` jphcxpm`| jchz`#tòd|ímz xp` jpmdh| epjbk d` qkzkt|kz emzekz ò tkdk tmè~k } ok zkcheòt` dp|hot` `c tmè~k xp`dp|` `c gp`fk/ Zm ok bhlímz tòmdk ch ~|`jhpjmúo d` hjkztpel|h|kz h |`z~m|h| jkoqòmòtèòt`# kz

8:>



òjkot|h|ímz lpahodk } |`zk~chodk jkek jphcxpm`| jhlhcck qm`gk d` jkjb` d` hcxpmc`|# a|òt` h po òèmfkxp` heòhwh ch e`th ò lpòhz jkodmjmko`z/ Zm ok kz bhlímz ~|`kjp~hdk d` bhj`| Zmè~|` ck E`gk| ~k| z`| ap`|t`z } zhokz# òjkot|h|ímz xp` qp`zt|hz ~m`|ohz kz dp`cò# xp` kz zòtåz jhozhdkz# } ò |`hcmdhd#xp` zkmz lpòkz ~h|h ohdh# jke~h|èodkkz jko epjbhjbkz xp` bho zmdk eèz |hwkohlc`z } xp` bhojpmdhdk d` zå emzekz/»Jpèc`z zko ~p`z# chz jhpzhz d` ch zkakjhjmúo# d` ch d`lmcmdhd# d`c |è~mdk jhozhojmk;B` hxpå chz jhpzhz eèz jkepo`z7 tkeh| hcmeòtkz xp` ok z`ho zhokz } t|hfh|ckz zmo ehzjh|# d` ~|mzh7ok bhj`| `g`|jmjmkz aåzmjkz jko |`fpch|mdhd9 zòth|z` } jhemoh| ò ak|eh ~`|`wkzh9 bhj`| tkot`|åhz jkek

ch d` jke`| ehowhohz q`|d`z9 hjkzth|z` th|d` } dk|em| jko chz qòthohz j`||hdhz/ Hbk|h xp` zhlímzjúek ~kdímz ~`|gpdmjh| qp`zt|h jh||`|h d` Gpfhdk|`z d` @xpm~k# }h ok bh} dmamjpcthd ò ~ko`|c` |è`dmk/@o ch Okqòh } Díjmeh jph|th Dòt`cchdhz òjkot|h|ímz ckz e`dmkz ~h|h j|`j`| ap`|t`z } zhokz/ Z`fpmdchz mozt|pjjmko`z hccå jkotòmdhz9 bhj`d ckz `g`|jmjmkz xp` hbå z` modmjho jhdh ehøhoh9 jke`d hcmeòtkzlpòkz } ehztmjhdckz lmò# ò q`w d` jkoq`|tm|kz ò ~`xp`økz eh||homtkz jkemòdk fkckzmohz9 hjkzthkztè~|hok# c`qhothkz thelmío tè~|hok } dk|emd jko chz qòthohz hlm`|thz/ Zm bhjímz Zmè~| ck E`gk| ~k| klz`|qh| `zthz |`fchz# ~|kotk òjkot|h|ímz xp` ~kdímz gpfh| ckz gp`fkz dm`w q`j`z e`gk| xp` hot`z/

Gp`fkz d` `xpm~k

@c aptlkc# `c lhckoj`ztk# `c qkc`mlkc } `c límzlkc ~h|h ~`xp`økz# dòkemohdkz ,|kpod`|z,# zko ckz gp`fkz~|mojm~hc`z d` xp` z` ~p`d` qhc`| `c Cklhtk ~h|h ~hzh| zp @z~`jmhcmdhd d` Gpfhdk| d` @xpm~k/

Aptlkc

Hzå ~p`z# hot`z xp` ohdh bh|í hcfpohz zpf`| ojmhz zkl|` `c aptlkc ò ch |heh xp` gp`fho ckz Cklhtkz7,Zkjj`|,/Ck ~|me`|k xp` bh} xp` bhj`| `z ~ht`h| ò ak|eh hd`jphdh/ Po lpò gpfhdk| gheèz ~ht`h jko ch ~pothd` ckz d`dkz# zmok zmè~| jko `c è~`mo`# zhcqk xp` z` t|ht d` po zhxp`/ ^k| ohtp|hc`wh t|hth|ímz d`~ht`h| jko `c ~m` d`|`jbk9 bh} ~p`z xp` h~|òd`| thelmío h ~ht`h| jko `c mwxpm`|dk/ @ztk `z aèjmc zm t|htèmz d` bhj`|ck zmè~|` xp` ch ~`ckth kz xp`d` j`|jh d` `z` ~m /@o z`fpmdh d`límz h~|òd`| h chowh| ch ~`ckth/ Opojh tm|ímz h fkc ~`fhodkc h ch ~`ckth jko ch ~poth d`c~m`# k hpo ò zhxp`/ \`jk|dhd xp` zm ok ~ht`èmz cml|èòt` ~h|h qp`zt|k `xpm~k opojh tòd|ímzk~k|tpomdhd d` jkckjh| ch ~`ckth dkod` qkzkt|kz xp`|èmz } jk||`d ~h|h |`jmlm|ch ò tp|ok/ ^|hjtmjhd ~ht`h| emòt|hz jk||ímz jkoz`|qhodk zmè~|` ch ~`ckth ò ekqmemòtk/ Po lpò jkoz`gk `z mehfmoh| tkdhz chzjkzhz jbh~h||mthz hc ~ht`h|# ~p`z `z epjbk eèz dmaåjmc ~h|h po epjbhjbk ~hzh| ch lkch ~k| d`lhgk d` ch

lh||h d` ch e`th xp` òt|` ckz ~kzt`z q`|tmjhc`z/D|mlc`k/ @o jphcxpm`| ~p`ztk ò xp` gpfpímz d`límz h~|òd`| h jk||`| cc`qhodk d`chot`# jko `c ~m`# ch~`ckth/ Ok ch ~htímz d` eho`|h xp` ~hz` h qp`zt|k jkot|h|mk } cp`fk jk||èmz/ Thc jkzh jkoztmtp}` `c gp`fkd` ch ~hthdh } d` ch jh||`|h } ò `zhz jkodmjmko`z bhzth `c e`gk| jk||`dk| ~p`d`# zm ok zhl` bhj`| eèz#z`| d`tòmdk aèjmceòt`/ Ch f|ho |`fch `z jkoz`|qh| ch ~`ckth tho j`|jh d`c ~m` jkek z` ~p`dh emòt|hz z`jk||`# hzå zm po k~kzmtk| z` ht|hqm`zh ò `c jhemok `z aèjmc d`zqmh| ch ~`ckth } jkotmoph| ch jh||`|h/@zjkf`| `c ~p`ztk/ Zm tòímz ch k~k|tpomdhd d` `zjkf`| qp`zt|k ~p`ztk ò `c `xpm~k/ chz zpf`|òjmhz xp`kz qk} h bhj`| kz z`|qm|èo ~h|h zhl`| `zjkf`| lmò# ~`|k |`jk|dhd zmè~|` xp` gpfpímz kjhzmkohceòt`#tkehd po ~p`ztk tkthceòt` dma`|òt`# ~p`z `ztk kz hdm`zt|h|è jkoqm|tmíodkkz ò po e`gk| aptlkcmzth }# hq`j`z# jko `cck d`zjpl|m|ímz xp` `ztèmz e`gk| jh~hjmthdk ò po ~p`ztk dmztmotk hc xp` bhlímz `zjkfmdk/Po d`chot`|k d`l` z`| jh~hw7 "8- d` jkodpjm| lmò ch ~`ckth jko `c ~m`9 "<- d` tm|h| dp|k } ò lpòhdm|`jjmúo9 } fò`|hceòt` d`l`|è z`| d` ~`zk cmf`|k/Po e`dmk qkchot` d`l`|è z`|7 "8- lpòk ~h|h mot`|~ko`|z` ò `c jhemok d` po k~kzmtk|9 "<- lpòk ~h|h

jk||`| ch ~`ckth jko `c ~m`9 ":- jh~hw d` pzh| zp j`|`l|k ~h|h ~hzh| ch ~`ckth jko ~|k~m`dhd9 "4- jh~hw d`zkztò`| ch |`z~m|hjmúo ~k| tmè~k ch|fk/Zm ~òzèmz xp` ok `ztèmz jh~hjmthdkz ~h|h ckz kt|kz ~p`ztkz òzh}hd ízt`/Po dàòzh jke~c`tk d`l`|è z`|7 "8- po thjc`hdk| lpòk } qhcmòt`9 "<- po f|ho ~ht`hdk|/ @o fò`|hc#~`|k ok zmè~|`/ d`l`|è z`| eèz ~`zhdk xp` ckz d` zp `dhd/ Zm ok zkmz lpòkz ~h|h `c aptlkc# zmok eèzlmò hctkz# òzh}hd d` fph|dhe`th9 hbå e`gk|h|ímz jko ch ~|èjtmjh } pzh|ímz qp`zt|hz ehokz d`~|à`|òjmh h qp`zt|kz ~m`z/Jkelmohjmúo/ Ok z`|ímz d` f|ho ptmcmdhd h qp`zt|k `xpm~k zm ok ~kdímz ~hzh| ch ~`ckth jko ~|k~m`dhd/ @ojphcxpm`| ~p`ztk xp` kz òjkot|ímz |`jk|dhd xp` ok zkmz ckz ÷omjkz gpfhdk|`z ò qp`zt|k `xpm~k zmok xp`zkmz# ~k| d`jm|ck hzå# ~h|t` d` poh eèxpmoh } jphodk tm|ímz ch ~`ckth hz`fp|hkz d` xp` `cch qh h ~hzh| hehokz d` pok d` qp`zt|k `xpm~k/ Po gpfhdk| `fkåzth jkoztmtp}` zmè~|` po me~`dmeòtk ~h|h zp ~|k~mk

8:8



`xpm~k } poh qòthgh ~h|h zpz jkot|h|mkz/ Zm zkmz lpòkz ~h|h jk||`| ch ~`ckth jko `c ~m` jkoztmtpm|ímz po÷tmc d`chot`|k# zmè~|` } jphodk ok z`èmz d` ckz xp` zmè~|` bhjò ck emzek } jkozthotèòt` jk||òjko ch ~`ckth ò ckz ~m`z zmo ~hzh|ch# d` jphodk ò jphodk# h pok d` zp ~|k~mk ~h|tmdk# ~p`z ò thc jhzkckz jkot|h|mkz z` dh|èo jpòth d` `cck } ck thjc`h|èo# emòt|hz xp` zm `cckz zhlò xp` ck emzek ~kdímzjk||`| ch ~`ckth xp` ~hzh|ch# dpdh|èo xpí hjtmtpd tkeh| } qkzkt|kz `zth|ímz ò e`gk|`z jkodmjmko`z ~h|ht|mpoah|/

@z~å|mtp d`~k|tmzth

Jh~mtèo/ Jpe~cmd jko chz ú|dò`z d` qp`zt|k Jh~mtèo jko òtpzmhzek ` moe`dmhtheòt`# opojh f|pøèmz#om c`gkz om j`|jh d` íc# } zm kz |`fhøh ~k| ok bhl`| gpfhdk jkek íc ck `z~`|hlh# |`jk|dhd xp` `z ~h|t` d`zp d`l`| `c bhj`| thc jkzh# ck emzek xp` jphodk `rjcheh ,Ëhch zp`|t`(, k ,Ëhfoåamjk(,# zm ck `ztèmzbhjmòdk lmò/ @c Jh~mtèo xp` gheèz dmj` poh ~hchl|h jphodk jke`tímz `||k|`z d` jkotmopk# z`|è poehfoåamjk jke~hø`|k# ~`|k po ~ízmek Jh~mtèo/

D`l`|ímz h~|òd`| h okd`zhomeh|kz } h ~ko`|kzd` ehc bpek| zm ~`|dímz/

Fòmk/ Po d`~k|tmzth zmè~|` jkot|kch zp fòmk ò chz jm|jpozthojmhz eèz dmaåjmc`z/ Op`zt|kz gp`fkz zkolpòkz ~h|h qkzkt|kz ok zkcheòt` aåzmjh# zmok ek|hceòt`# ~p`z zm ckz gpfèmz cme~mk } jko `z~å|mtp

d`~k|tmzth kz dh|èo dkemomk zkl|` qkzkt|kz emzekz/ Ok kz me~k|t` xp` chz ~|klhlmcmdhd`z `ztío jkot|hqkzkt|kz# } opojh kz d`zhomeímz bhzth xp` bh}h hjhlhdk `c gp`fk# ok zkcheòt` ò aptlkc d`l`|ímzh~|òd`| h ok d`zhomeh|kz# } h ok ~ko`|kz d` ehc bpek| zm ~`|dímz/ Bhj`d Zmè~|` ck E`gk| dp|hot` `c

gp`fk# ~`|k okzkt|kz tòèkz e`gk| `xpm~k/ @ztk zpj`d` hcfpohz q`j`z# ~p`z jm`|theòt` bh} hcfk d`zp`|t` ò ckz gp`fkz# ~`|k po d`~k|tmzth hj`~th zpz ~í|dmdhz zmo f|pøm| k ~|`kjp~h|z` } jphodk `zd`||kthdk `ztè zmè~|` dmz~p`ztk h dh| j|ídmtk h zp jkot|h|mk/Zm zkmz jh~mtho`z q`d xp` qp`zt|k `xpm~k qmtk|`` d` jk|hwúo h ckz jkot|h|mkz hc amo d` ch jke~`tmjmúo# } zmok zkmz jh~mtho`z } qp`zt|k `xpm~k ok ck bhj` hzå# zpf`|md h qp`zt|k Jh~mtèo xp` ck bhfèmz# ~p`z `z~|klhlc` xp` íc ok bh}h ~òzhdk ò `cck/Gp`w d` jhe~k/ Opojh j|mtmxpímz ch d`jmzmúo d`c gp`w/ Tkdk gp`w jke`t` `||k|`z9 d` b`jbk tkdh j|mhtp|hbpehoh ckz jke`t`9 ¨bhzth po Cklhtk jke`t` `||k|`z hcfpohz q`j`z( Zm `ztèmz |`zòtmdkz jko `c gp`w#kjp~hd zp ~p`ztk ò pok k dkz gp`fkz } q`|ímz xp` ~|kotk zòtm|ímz zme~htåh ~k| íc/

Límzlkc ~h|h omøkz ",\kpod`|z, k ,Zkatlhcm,-

Jko |`z~`jtk hc `z~å|mtp d`~k|tmzth chz zpf`|òjmhz xp` z` bho b`jbk jko |`chjmúo hc aptlkc zko thelmío~h|h `zt` gp`fk/B` hxpå po ~chok d`c jhe~k ~h|h límzlkc ~h|h omøkz ",|kpod`|z,-/

8:<



Fò`|hceòt` jhdh `xpm~k z` jke~ko` d` = gpfhdk|`z/

Chz lhz`z bh} xp` eh|jh|chz lmò } qkzkt|kz tòímz xp` jk||`| hc d`||`dk| ~k| `c chdk d` hap`|h d` ch~mzth/Lht`h| / Ckz emèl|kz d`c `xpm~k xp` hfph|dho zp tp|ok ~h|h lht`h| z` ak|eho ò cåo`h òt|` ch jph|thlhz` } ch lhz` d` lht`k/ Jphodk kz cc`fp` qp`zt|k tp|ok ~h|h lht`h| tkehd am|eèòt` `c lht`# ~p`z zm cktm|èmz ~kd|ímz b`|m| f|hqèòt` h pok d` ckz gh|dmo`|kz/Amghkz lmò ò ch ~`ckth tkdk `c tmè~k bhzth xp` cc`fp` h qkzkt|kz } ok ~òzímz ò omofpoh kt|h jkzh xpòk z`h ò ~`fh|c`/@z ~`cmf|kzk lht`h| ch ~`ckth d` eho`|h xp` zplh ep} hctk ò `c hm|`# ~p`z zm ok ~hzh eèz hccè d` ckzamcd`|z z`|ímz jkfmdkz jko Z`fp|mdhd/ Zm lht`èmz ch ~`ckth d` eho`|h xp` jhmfh d`t|èz d` ch lhz` d`lht`h|# ok z` kz ~`|emtm|è xp` jk||èmz eèz hccè d` ch ~|me`|h lhz`/ Tòímz k~jmúo d` ~`fh|c` h jphcxpm`|hd` chz t|`z ~`ckthz xp` z` kz òqåò# ~`|k ak|wkzheòt` tòímz xp` jk||`| h ch ~|me`|h/ Jphodk cc`fpímz hpoh lhz` tòímz xp` tkjh|ch# d` kt|h eho`|h xp`dh|ímz ap`|h d`c gp`fk/ Zúck z` ~`|emt` h poh zkch~`|zkoh `zth| ò lhz`/ Z` hokth|è poh jh||`|h jhdh q`w xp` pok d` ckz gpfhdk|`z z` chz h||`fc` ~h|h

cc`fh| h ch jph|th lhz` zmo xp` bh}h zmdk ~p`ztk ap`|h# } zmo xp` ch ~`ckth bh}h qp`ctk h chz ehokz d`c xp`ch chowh/^kzmjmúo d` gh|dmo`|k/ @zt` ~p`ztk d`c gp`fk `z kdmhdk ~k| ckz omøkz ~`xp`økz# ~`|k opojh ~k| ckz

gpfhdk|`z d` q`|dhd/ ^h|h epjbhjbkz d` `ztkz ÷ctmekz `z `c ~p`ztk eèz fpzthdk d`c gp`fk9 ~p`z zm hqkzkt|kz zkcheòt` kz fpzth lht`h| k chowh| ch ~`ckth# jko a|`jpòjmh tòd|ímz ehch zp`|t` ò pohjke~`tmjmúo } òtkoj`z ok fpzth|ímz d`c gp`fk# ~`|k zm tkeèmz ckz ~p`ztkz d` ckz gh|dmo`|kz z`fp|heòt`fpzth|ímz d` tkdkz ckz gp`fkz xp` gpfpímz/ Zmè~|` xp` tòfèmz k~k|tpomdhd `g`|jmthkz ò ht|h~hdhzch|fhz# hcthz# jk|thz } |è~mdhz# bhzth xp` ~kdèmz jkf`| jphcxpm`| ~`ckth xp` kz cc`fp`9 thelmío jkoz`fpmdhcfpmò xp` kz choj` ch ~`ckth hc |hz d`c zp`ck d`zd` c`gkz# d`qkcqmíodkz`ch qkzkt|kz òz`fpmdh# ~k| ckhctk/^h|h ~ko`| h poh ~`|zkoh ap`|h# bh} xp` jkf`| po lhthwk k tkjh| ch lhz` jko ch ~`ckth ò ch ehok# hot`zd` xp` `c jk||`dk| cc`fp`/ Ch ~`ckth ok xp`dh ep`|th jphodk z` bh ~p`ztk ap`|h h po gpfhdk| } ~k| thotk~p`d` pzh|z` ~h|h ~ko`| ap`|h h hcf÷o kt|k xp` z` òjpòt|` tkdhqåh zmo cc`fh| h zp lhz` ~h|h chowh| ch~`ckth/@c xp` chowh ch ~`ckth tmò` xp` jkoz`|qh| ~k| ck eòkz pok d` zpz ~m`z dòt|k d` ch lhz`/ Ok bh} tm|hdhzm ch ~`ckth ~hzh eèz h||mlh d`c bkel|k k eèz hlhgk d` ch |kdmcch d`c lht`hdk| } t|`z ~`ckthz òqmhdhz ò`zth ak|eh# poh t|hz kt|h# jpòtho h ckz jkot|h|mkz e`dmh jh||`|h/"Bh} hcfpohz qh|m`dhd`z ~h|h `zt` gp`fk7 `c límzlkc he`|mjhok `z poh d` `cchz9 ~k| thotk# h~|òd`dchz }~|hjtmjhdchz ò ch Ehohdh-/

Bkji`}

Hxpå thelmío ckz jkoz`gkz zkl|` `c `z~å|mtp d`~k|tmzth zko ckz emzekz xp` hot`z z` bho dhdk/ Ch md`hfò`|hc d`c gp`fk `z ep} zè`ghot` h ch d`c aptlkc pzhodk `c ~hck ò ch ak|eh ò xp` z` pzh `c lht` ò `c

8::



j|mji`t/ ^k| `zth |hwúo ckz lpòkz gpfhdk|`z d`c a÷tlkc ~|kotk z` jkoqm`|tò# ~k| ck eòkz ò hj`~thlc`z gpfhdk|`z d` bkji`}/ Hzå jkek ò `c a÷tlkc ~ht`h| ch ~`ckth e`gk|h `c gp`fk# hzå thelmío ò `c bkji`} `ct|hlhgk jko `c lhztúo e`gk|h|è epjbk zm ~|hjtmjèmz jk||`| fpmhodk ch ~`ckth jko íc/ Ok c` ~`fpímz ap`|t` hch ~`ckth } d`z~píz jk||èmz d`t|èz d` `cch/ Cc`qhdch jkozthotèòt` ~`fhdh hc lhztúo# ~p`z ck kt|k `zjkek ~ht`h| } jk||`| ò `c a÷tlkc/ E`gk|h|ímz ò fpmh| ch ~`ckth jko `c lhztúo zm ~|hjtmjèmz ~hzè|kzch jkoízt` d`c chdk d`|`jbk hc chdk mwxpm`|dk } qmj`q`|zh |`~mtmòdk `c ~|kj`zk qh|mhz q`j`z/ @ztk d`zh||kcch|è `cjkot|kc d` qkzkt|kz zkl|` ch ~`ckth/^|hjtmjhd ,ghxp`h|, jko `c`fhojmh9 bh} ò `cck epjbk h|t` } po lpò gpfhdk| ~p`d` fhoh| po ghxp` jhdh

q`w xp` z` òjpòt|` jko po ghxp`hdk| k|dmoh|mk/

8:4



T@\J@\H ^H\T@

KLG@TK ] EÍTKDK D@C HDM@ZT\HEM@OTK D@ CKZ CKLHTKZ

Ok kz hzpztímz ~k| ch ckofmtpd d` `zthz zpf`|òjmhz# ~p`z zkcheòt` d`z`k xp` `cchz zm|qho d` h}pdh hckz ~|mojm~mhot`z/

Klg`tk d`c hdm`zt|hemòtk d` ckz Cklhtkz

Op`zt|k klg`tk# hc bhj`|okz jh|fk d`c hdm`zt|hemòtk d` ckz Cklhtkz ok `z zkcheòt` po ~hzhtmè~khf|hdhlc` ~h|h ckz Gà`z d` Ehohdh } ~h|h ckz epjbhjbkz# zmok eèz lmò hpeòth| ch àmjhjmh d` ckzq`|dhd`|kz jmpdhdhokz d` op`zt|k ~håz/@c hdm`zt|hemòtk d` ckz epjbhjbkz ò `c ~hzhdk bh dèkzt|hdk z`| mohd`jphdk ~h|h ckz |`xpmzmtkz d` chí~kjh# }h xp` `c dmo`|k xp` ckz jkot|mlp}òt`z ~hfho ~k| ch `dpjhjmúo d` ckz omøkz# ~h|h xp` íztkz z`jkoqm`|tho ò jmpdhdhokz ÷tmc`z# bh zmdk zkl|`~hzhdk ~k| `c xp` tmòò xp` ~hfh| ~h|h zkztò`| h ch

~kcmjåh# chz ~|mzmko`z# chz kl|hz d` lòàmjòjmh# `tjít`|h# d`lmdk hc a|hjhzk d` dmjbh `dpjhjmúo/Zm `c hdm`zt|hemòtk bk} ò dåh ok `z tho lpòk jkek `z d` d`z`h|z`# eòkz ck z`|è ò `c aptp|k } `z~|`jmzheòt` `c aptp|k ck xp` okz d`l` ~|`kjp~h|/@ztè |`jkokjmdk xp` ch ak|ehjmúo d`c jh|èjt`| `z d` eh}k| me~k|thojmh xp` ch e`|h mozt|pjjmúo d` cml|kz~h|h ch ak|ehjmúo d` jmpdhdhokz ÷tmc`z9 } zmo èlh|fk# ok `rmzt` omof÷o `zxpèh ~|èjtmjk ~h|h mojcpm|ckò ch `dpjhjmúo# zmxpm`|h ò ak|eh `xpmqhcòt` h ch e`|h mozt|pjjmúo/Ch àmjhjmh bh zmdk dàmomdh jkek hcfk xp` ,~p`d` jhcjpch|z` ~k| ch jhotmdhd d` qmfmchojmh xp` po bkel|`|`xpm |` ~h|h jpe~cm| jko zpz klcmfhjmko`z,/ ^`|k `ztk# ~k| zp~p`ztk# z` h~cmjh zkcheòt` h ch àmjhjmhek|hc# zmòdk hzå xp` ch àmjhjmh aåzmjh `z thelmío d`c emzek qhck| ò `c jke~cèòtk d` ch àmjhjmh d` pobkel|` jkek jmpdhdhok/Ch zhcpd aåzmjh } júek d`zh||kcch|ch d`l`|è ak|eh| ~h|t` d` ckz jkokjmemòtkz o`j`zh|mkz ~h|h ch`dpjhjmúo thotk jkek ck `z ch ~h|t` cmt`|h|mh# jmòtåamjh } tíjomjh/ Chz emc`z d` bk|hz } ckz emccko`z d`~`zkz xp` z` ~m`|dò hophceòt` ò bp`cfhz } ~h|kz# zko ohdh ò jke~h|hjmúo jko ckz emccko`z d`

~`zkz } bk|hz xp` z` ~m`|dò ~k| moàmjhjmh aåzmjh |è`dmhlc` zm z` c` hthgh k~k|tpoheòt`/Op`zt|k hdm zt|hemòtk ~h|h ckz Cklhtkz# ~k| thotk# `ztè dm|mfmdk bhjmh `zkz dkz amo`z ~|mojm~hc`zekzt|hdkz ò ak|eh `zxpèètmjh hc ~|mojm~mk d` ch Z`fpodh ^h|t`/Z` cc`qh hc jhlk ò ch í~kjh eèz me~k|thot` d` zp qmdh# jphodk zko eèz hekcdhlc`z thotk ò zp jp`|~kjkek ò `z~å|mtp ~h|h |`jmlm| poh dm|`jjmúo hd`jphdh/Jko jmemòtkz jkozt|pmdkz ò `dhd tho tè~|hoh# ~kdèkz `z~`|h| xp` chz zplz`jpòt`z `zt|pjtp|hzz`ho eèz zhtmzahjtk|mhz# `z~`jmhceòt` zm z` tmò` ò jpòth xp` ak|eho ~h|t` d` po zmztèh ~|kf|`zmqkjkotmophdk } ehotòmdk dp|hot` `c ~`|åkdk d` zp hdm`zt|hemòtk Zjkpt# d` thc eho`|h xp` jphodkcc`fpò h ckz høkz d` ch dmzj|`jmúo# `c htc`tmzek zhcpdhlc`# hjk~chdk hc jh|èjt`|# z`|è `c bèlmtk d` cheh}k|åh# ò q`w d` z`| `c òt|òhemòtk d` pokz jphotkz/

8:0



Chz Ehohdhz d` Cklhtkz `ztèo dmz`øhdhz ~h|h z`| ch |heh eòk| d`c Ekqmemòtk Zjkpt# dhodk jhlmdh hcd`z`k d` epctmtpd d` epjbhjbkz ~`xp`økz xp` ok tmòò ch `dhd d`z`hdh ~h|h z`| Zjkptz/Ok jkoqmò` ~ko`| h `ztkz ~`xp`økz h |`hcmwh| chz emzehz ~|k`whz } h ~hzh| chz emzehz ~|p`lhz xp`ckz eh}k|`z# `z~`jmhceòt` ò jke~høåh d` íztkz# }h xp` hzå z` bh|åh xp` z` zkl|`~hzh|ho t|hthodk d`jke~`tm| jko `cckz# hc emzek tmè~k xp` ckz epjbhjbkz eèz f|hod`z ok fpztho d` e`wjch|z` ò zpzè~|`zhz jko ckz eèz ~`xp`økz/ ^k| `ztkz ektmqkz `z ~p`z# e`gk| } eèz jkoqòmòt` tò`|ckzz`~h|hdkz/@c hdm`zt|hemòtk d` ckz Cklhtkz `z dma`|òt` hc d` ckz Zjkptz# ~`|k zm|q` d` `zjhcúo ~h|h íztkz/

@c jh|èjt`| d` po epjbhjbk ok `ztè am|eèòt` hzòthdk h ckz 88 k ckz 8< høkz d` `dhd } `ztk ck d`l`tò`| ~|`zòt` `c Gà` d` Ehohdh# ~p`z d` ck jkot|h|mk `zth|è dà|hpdhodk h zpz epjbhjbkz zm ok ckz~|`~h|h ~h|h jkotmoph| ò ckz Zjkptz/ Po epjbhjbk ~kzmlcèòt` ~`|d`|è ò jk|tk tmè~k epjbk d` cklpòk xp` bh fhohdk jkek Cklhtk# zm `zt` t|hlhgk z` d`zjkotmo÷h hot`z d` xp` íc ~p`dh dmztmofpm| jch|heòt` `c lmò d`c ehc/Poh Ehohdh ok|ehc ok jkoztmtp}` poh k|fhomwhjmúo ~k| z`~h|hdk# zmok xp` `z ~h|t` d` po F|p~k Zjkpt/@c Gà` d` Ehohdh d`l`|è t|hlhgh| ò jkk~`|hjmúo åotmeh jko ckz Zjkpt`|z# Zjkptz } \kq`|z Zjkptz/D`l`|è bhj`| q`| jko jch|mdhd h jhdh epjbhjbk op`qk } h ckz ~hd|`z d` íztkz# xp` ch Ehohdh `zzkcheòt` ch hot`jèeh|h d` ckz Zjkptz# ehotòmòdk jkozthotèòt` d`chot` d` ckz kgkz d` ckz Cklhtkz`c md`hc d` po Zjkpt e`gk|/Hc a|òt` d`c F|p~k bh} po Gà` d` F|p~k òjh|fhdk d` zp~`|qmzh| tkdhz chz Z`jjmko`z d`c F|p~k# ~`|kxp` d`c`fh chz |`z~kozhlmcmdhd`z ~h|tmjpch|`z } ckz d`thcc`z d`c eho`gk d` jhdh Z`jjmúo ò `c òjh|fhdkd` `cchz/ @c G a` d` Ehohdh `z ~p`z# |`z~kozhlc hot` `c Jkemtí d` F|p~k d` ch jkodpjth }

hdemomzt|hjmúo d` ch Ehohdh/ Ak|eh|è ~h|t` d`c Jkoz`gk d` F|p~k jke~p`ztk ~k| tkdkz ckz Gà`z xp`~kz`ho j`|tmamjhdk } xp` `ztío òjh|fhdkz d` d`zh||kcch| `c ~|kf|heh d` F|p~k# jkek po tkdk/Ch C`} d` ch Ehohdh } ch ^|ke`zh zko eèz zòjmcchz xp` chz d`c Zjkpt# }h xp` ok z`|åh ~|k~mk ~`dm| h poommåk jh|fh| jko ckz d`l`|`z } ~|ke`zhz xp` ok òtmòd` om ~p`d` cc`qh| hc jhlk/ Ckz Gà`z d` Ehohdhd`l`|èo# ~k| zp~p`ztk# òz`øh| h jhdh pok d` zpz epjbhjbkz ò ak|eh zòjmcch } ~|èjtmjh# } d`z~píz d`jkozpcth|ck jko zpz jh~`ccho`z# ck xp` zmfomamjh ch ~|ke`zh d` ,Jpe~cm| zpz d`l`|`z ~h|h jko Dmkz,#dèodkc`z hdèèz tkdh hxp`cch mozt|pjjmúo |`cmfmkzh } ek|hc xp` `cckz gpwfpò o`j`zh|mh ~h|h ~|`~h|h| hpo Cklhtk ~h|h jkoqòm|z` ò po Zjkpt/Eítkdk/ Op`zt|k eítkdk d` hdm`zt|hemòtk jkozmzt` ò `dpjh| d` hdòt|k ~h|h hap`|h ò q`w d` mozt|pm| d` hap`|h ~h|h hdòt|k9 ka|`j`| gp`fkz } hjtmqmdhd`z xp` h ch q`w xp` ht|hjtmqhz ~h|h ckz epjbhjbkz~`xp`økz# ckz `dpxpò z`|mheòt` ek|hc# eht`|mhc } aåzmjheòt`/Op`zt|k ~|k~úzmtk# jkek bh `zj|mtk Amzb`|# `z hcòth| ,Ok thotk ch hdxpmzmjmúo d` jkokjmemòtkz jkek `cd`z`k d` hdxpm|m| `zkz jkokjmemòtkz,/

@o kt|hz ~hchl|hz# `c Gà` d` Ehohdh d`l` òtpzmhzeh| hc epjbhjbk ò ch dm|`jjmúo jk||`jth/ Hjtphodkdòt|k d` `ztkz ~|mojm~mkz |`dpjm|è jkozmd`|hlcèòt` zpz ~|`kjp~hjmko`z d` cc`fh| h ch e`th } kltò`| poh Ehohdh d` epjbhjbkz `c`fhot`z# cmztkz } jh~hj`z/@zt` `z `c e`gk| e`dmk ~k| `c jphc `c eh`zt|k ekd`|ok kltmò` e`gk|`z |`zpcthdkz xp` `c eh`zt|khotmjphdk# }h xp` d`zh||kcch po epjbhjbk eèz àmjhw xp` dkjt|moh|mk9 jko eèz jh|èjt`| } eòkz`|pdmjmúo# xp` `z ck xp` bk} dåh jpòth ~h|h `c írmtk ò ch qmdh/@amjhjmh ok xpm`|` d`jm| bhlmcmdhd ~h|h bhj`| dmo`|k# zmok mot`cmfòjmh } jh~hjmdhd ~h|h qmqm| poh qmdh cml|`~|úz~`|h } a`cmw/^|`dmjh| ,Ok ck Bhfhz, `z mojmth| hc ehc/ Ck xp` bh} xp` bhj`| `z moapodm| `c `z~å|mtp h~|k~mhdk9 ck xp` ch~úcqk|h `z hc dmz~h|k `z `c `z~å|mtp h ch hjjmúo/Ch mozt|pjjmúo ek|hc dm|`jth# %jkek `c `g`|jmjmk% ~|kdpj` po qò`|k hf|hdhlc`# ~`|k zm d`lhgk d` íc ok`rmzt` po jh|èjt`| lmò tè~chdk# ok |`zmztm|è ch ~|p`lh/Ck|d Ek|c`} bh dmjbk7 ,@z lmò jkokjmdk d` ckz zhlmkz } po hj`|tmgk ~h|h ckz tkotkz xp` hc mojpcjh| dm|`jtheòt` ch ek|hc |`zpcth moqh|mhlcèòt` po mozt|peòtk zmo ~kd`| } po eítkdk a÷tmc/,@c qm`gk zhlmk ^chtúo# bhj` epjbk# okz ~pzk ch ep`zt|h ò `dpjhjmúo# ep`zt|h xp` h~òhz bk} è~m`whh z`| z`fpmdh# jphodk dmgk xp` ò tkdk omøk `rmzt` `c lmò moohtk } xp` `c klg`tk d` ch `dpjhjmúo d`l` z`| d`zh||kcch| `zt` moztmotk ohtp|hc bhjmh ch qm|tpd ~k| e`dmk d` ~|èjtmjhz hd`jphdhz/ Ok eòjmkoú ch c`jtp|h#om ch h|mteítmjh jkek `zòjmhc`z# ~`|k ò jhelmk zå bhlcú d` òzhojbh| ckz moztmotkz ohtp|hc`z } `cjh|èjt`|# ~k| e`dmk d` ~|èjtmjhz } ok jko e`|kz ~|`j`~tkz/@c omøk ~|ke`dmk "zm `z xp` `rmzt -# ok d`z`h ~`|eho`j | zòthdk ~hzmqheòt |`jmlmòdk mozt|pjjmúot`ú|mjh/ Ck xp` íc d`z`h `z `zth| hjtmqheòt` `g`jpthodk ò ch ~|èjtmjh } `z `ztk ck xp` jkoztmtp}` ch~hchojh `zòjmhc xp` tmò` tkdk eh`zt|k hc hcjhoj` d` zpz ehokz/Ck ~|me`|k# ~k| thotk# `z `ztpdmh| hc epjbhjbk emzek# zhl`| ck xp` c` fpzth } ck xp` c` hotm~htmwh#jkokj`| zpz lpòhz } zpz ehchz jphcmdhd`z } òd`|`wh| zp hdm`zt|hemòtk ò lpòh dm|`jjmúo/

8:1



Ch hjtmtpd d`c Gà` d` Ehohdh

Bh} dkz ~potkz apodheòthc`z hc t|hth| jko Cklhtkz/ Ck ~|me`|k `z xp` zkcheòt` ~p`d` `z~`|h| tò`| írmtk jko `cckz `c bkel|` xp` ckf|h jkoq`|tm|z` ò ,zp b`|ehok eh}k|,9 `c kamjmhc xp` dh ú|dò`z ok zm|q`} `c eh`zt|k d` `zjp`ch `z po jke~c`tk d`zhzt|` "hpo jphodk om pok om kt|k ck |`jkokjò hzå } ckjkoam`zò-/ @zt b`jbk# zmo èlh|fk# `ztè zmòdk jke~|klhdk dmh|mheòt` ~k| op`zt|kz Gà z dÈhohdh# epjbkz d` ckz jphc`z# ~k| zp~p`ztk# zko dhehz/^k| b`|ehok eh}k| xpm`|k d`jm| hcfpoh ~`|zkoh xp` ~p`dh jkckjh|z` ò tí|emokz d` jheh|hd`|åh jkozpz epjbhjbkz# xp` tke` ~h|t ò zpz gp`fkz# xp` | tkj` jko `cckz# } hzå# fho` zp jkoamhowhjkckjèodkz` ò ch ~kzmjmúo `zòjmhc ~h|h òz`øh|ckz jko zp ~|k~mk `gè~ck# fpmèodkckz jko íc ò chdm|`jjmúo h~|k~mhdh# ò q`w d` jkoq`|tm|z` ò `c d`dk xp` z`øhch `c jhemok# jko a|`jpòjmh dèhzmhdkhctk ~h|h `cckz/^k| ahqk| ok e` ehc mot`|~|`tímz k mehfmoímz xp` ~mdk hc Gà` d` Ehohdh z`| zphq` } jke~chjmòt`/ Ep}c`gkz d` `ztk# ch jheh|hd`|åh o`j`zmth am|e`wh } |`jtmtpd zm z` xpm`|ò kltò`| |`zpcthdkz ~`|dp|hlc`z/

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8:6



Bmztk|mhz d` dpòd`z# `tj/Bpek| rt|hqhfhot`

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|kjhz } h|lpztkz bhzth xp` cc`fh `c ~|`jmzk ekeòtk } òtkoj`z z` ~|`jm~mtho d` fkc~` zkl|` poh jbkjbh} kt|k homehc ~k| `c `ztmck/,Po cklk xp` ok ~p`d` jkf`| po jbh~pcåo ok tmò` d`|`jbk h jhwh| jko`gkz9 thc ~h|`j` z`| `c ektmqkmojkozjmòt` xp` fpåh h ch qm`gh ehd|` ò chz th|d`z d` zkc h ok |`jp||m| h chz `z~`zp|hz dkod` bh} jhwhò hlpodhojmh } ch bhj` cc`qh| h zpz ckl`wokz h chz ~chomjm`z hzkc`hdhz# h ch k|mcch d` ckz `|mhc`z d` ckz|òkz/,Hccå dp|hot` bk|hz òt`|hz z` d`dmjho h ch jhwh d` jbh~pcmo`z `qhzmqkz xp` jk||ò h t|kjb` ekjb` zkl|``c ~hztk z`jk# zhcthodk ~h|h jkf`| hc qp`ck poh ~m`wh jko zpz ~hthz# jkek zm ap`|ho fhtkz# k tm|hodkdòt`cchdhz zhcqhg`z ~h|h hfh||h|ckz jko zp bkjmjk# ~h|h jh`| d` op`qk hc zp`ck# `qmthodk bhj`|ck d`jhl`wh# ~k| e`dmk d` jkotk|zmko`z/,Jkotmophodk jko `r~|`zmúo a`ztmqh } oh|mw hfpwhdh9 jkek mot`||kfhjmúo# ò lpzjh d` kt|kz jbh~pcmo`z/

8:2



,O`fkjmk lmò ~`xp`øk } jko a|`jpòjmh |mdåjpck `z ízt`# d` ch jhwh d` jbh~pcmo`z,/^k| ck eòkz hzå okz ~h|`j` h okzkt|kz } hzå thelmío ~|klhlcèòt` h ch qm`gh } zhlmh ehd|` xp`jkokj` tkdkz ckz zmztèhz d` ch jhwh# d`zd` ckz f|mcckz bhzth ckz |òkz } d`zd` ckz fk||mko`z bhzth ckz~htkz zmcq`zt|`z/^`|k `c gp`fk `z `c ~|me`| f|ho `dpjhdk| %`ztk `z tho q`|dhd`|k ò ckz homehc`z jkek ò ckz bkel|`z% }~h|h ckz ckl`wokz zpz jh||`|hz h t|kjb` ekjb` t|hz ckz jbh~pcmo`z bhjò tho òtpzmhzth ch jhwh d` poqòhdk } tho ccòh d` zk|~|`zhz# jkek ch jhwh ~k| òt|` ch om`q` zphq` t|hz d` poh j|åh |`jmío ohjmdh d`cmoj`z/

] hpo jphodk ok ck zhlåho# bhlåho h~|òdmdk dp|hot` hxp`cchz th|d`z ~chjòt`|hz# epjbhz jkzhz xp` c`zz`|èo ÷tmc`z tkdkz ckz dåhz d` zp `rmztòjmh/Hzå ~hzh jko ckz Cklhtkz# okzkt|kz c`z òz`øhekz jkzhz ~`xp`øhz# gpfhodk# xp` hcf÷o dåh c`z z`|èo÷tmc`z ~h|h cc`qh| hc jhlk kl|hz ò z`|mk/@c f|ho ~|mojm~mk ~h|h t|hth| jko poh Ehohdh d` Cklhtkz# } ~k| e`dmk d`c jphc ckz Cklhtkz ~p`dò z`| ht|hådkz } zpz `||k|`z |è`dmhdkz# `z jkoqòm|z` ò poh ahemmh a`cmw/Ckz omøkz o`j`zmtho bhj`| |pmdk7 d`ghd xp` ck bhfho/ Jphodk gp`fpò d`ghd xp` gp`fpò d` jk|hwúo/ Zm`c Gà` d` Ehohdh tmò` zpamjmòt` zòtmdk jke÷o# k|fhomwh|è zp ~|kf|heh d` `zh eho`|h/Ch |mzh `z `zòjmhc } }h bèkz dmjbk xp` ckz Zjkptz d`lò z`| hdm`zt|hdkz ~h|h zko|`å|/ Jko ckz Cklhtkzok zkcheòt` `z o`j`zh|mk poh zko|mzh# zmok poh |mzh |pmdkzh/ Ch |mzh `z `c hotådktk ~h|h epjbhz d` zpzehcdhd`z zkl|` tkdk ò ckz ~`xp`økz# c`z h}pdh h bhj`| zp jke~høåh hf|hdhlc` } h tò`| j|mt`|mkhe~cmk/ @c epjbhjbk xp` |å` epjbk# emòt` ~kjk/

JÚEK DM\MFM\ POH EHOHDH

Bhlmòdk jkozmd`|hdk `c jh|èjt`| d`c epjbhjbk } `c `z~å|mtp ò `c xp` bh} xp` t|hlhgh| jko íc %~|me`| `zjhcúo d` me~k|thojmh bhjmh `c írmtk d` zp hdm zt|hemòtk% ~`|emtmde` ka| j |kz pohz jphothzzpf`|òjmhz zkl|` ch k|fhomwhjmúo } hdm`zt|hemòtk d` ch Ehohdh/Jkotòthkz jko è~`wh| jko pokz jphotkz epjbhjbkz/ Bh} ch tòdòjmh d` ~|mojm~mh| jko poh Ehohdhf|hod`/ Bhj`|ck hzå `z po `||k|/Ck ~|me`|k xp` tòímz xp` bhj`| `z dh| `c tkok ò ~`xp`øh `zjhch9 tò`| po ~pøhdk d` c`qhdp|h ~h|hbhj`| `c ~ho/ ]# hpo òtkoj`z# ok t|htímz d` ak|eh| poh Ehohdh f|hod`/ @ztk} jkoqòjmdk# ~k| `r~`|mòjmh# xp` 82 `z `c eèrmek xp` ~p`dk htòd`| ~`|zkohceòt`/ Tòmòdk ò jkozmd`|hjmúo xp`qkzkt|kz tòd|ímz eh}k| jh~hjmdhd xp` }k# gpwfk xp` <4 `z `c eèrmek xp` jphcxpm`| bkel|` lmòdmz~p`ztk ~p`d` hdm`zt|h| hd`jphdheòt`/^k| zp~p`ztk xp` qkzkt|kz ~kd|ímz jko ahjmcmdhd bhj`| eh|jbh| 8<> epjbhjbkz# ~`|k `zk ok `z

hdm`zt|h|ckz/

K\FHOMWHJMÚO

@c Zmztèh d` Z`mzòh/ Ch T|k~h Zjkpt `ztè jke~p`zth ~k| ^ht|pcchz } ch Ehohdh ~k| Z`mzòhz/Poh Z`mzòh z` jke~ko` d` 1 epjbhjbkz h jh|fk d` po Z`mzò`|k# h}pdhdk ~k| po Zplz`mzò`|k/@ztkz fpåhz d`l`|èo tò`| zkcheòt` h zp jh|fk ch |`z~kozhlmcmdhd d` fpmh| } hdm`zt|h|# zmè~|` lhgk chzp~`|qmzmúo d`c Gà` d` Ehohdh/ Po Z`mzò`|k ok `z po Fpåh d` ^ht|pcch eèz gkqò# } ok d`l`jkoamè|z`c` `c hdm`zt|hemòtk d` ch Z`mzòh/Ch eh}k| ~h|t` d` ckz Gà`z d` Ehohdh jkozmd`|ho xp` po Z`mzò`|k d`l` bhl`| kltòmdk zp Z`fpodh@zt|`cch hot`z d` xp` z` c` ~kofh zp z`fpodh jmoth } xp` po Zplz`mzò`|k ~k| ck eòkz d`l`|è tò`| zp^|me`|h @zt|`cch/Po Z`mzò`|k ~kd|è z`| dòkemohodk ^|me`| Z`mzò`|k/ zm hzå z` d`zh } pzh| t|`z jmothz/

Ckz Gà`z d` Ehohdh d`lò tò`| zp Jkoz`gk d` Ehohdh k Jkoz`gk d` ch \kjh } poh \`pomúo d`Mozt|pjjmúo d` Z`mzò`|kz/ @c Jkoz`gk `ztè jke~p`ztk ~k| `c Gà` d` Ehohdh# `c Zplgà`# ckz Z`mzò`|kz} hcfpohz q`j`z ckz Zplz`mzò`|kz/ @z po jp`|~k xp` z` |`÷o` jko |`fpch|mdhd# ~`|k zmo `tmxp`th# } xp`ò zp gpoth t|hwh } dmzjpt` ckz ~cho`z d` ch Ehohdh dhodk k~k|tpomdhd hc Gà` d` Ehohdh ~h|h jk||`fm| }hchlh| h zpz fpåhz/Ch \`pomúo d` Hdm`zt|hemòtk d` Z`mzò`|kz fò`|hceòt` qh d`z~píz d`c Jkoz`gk d` ch \kjh# dp|hodkhelhz t|`z jph|tkz d` bk|h/ @o `cch z` |`zqmzho ckz t|hlhgkz hotmfpkz } z` `g`jptho op`qkz/ Jkek cheh}k|åh d` ckz Cklhtkz tmòò eèk|mh jk|th } dà`jtpkzh# `c Gà` d` Ehohdh xp` d`z`` tò`| lpòkzh}pdhot`z# ~p`z thc jkzh zko ò |`hcmdhd ckz Z`mzò`tkz# d`l`|è jkoj`d`|c`z `zh k~k|tpomdhd/

8:=



\`pomko`z/ Chz \`pomko`z d`lò z`| tho a|`jpòt`z jkek z`h ~kzmlc`/ ò dåhz } bk|hz amgkz/ Ch~potphcmdhd ~k| ~h|t` d` ckz omøkz d`l` z`| poh ~|p`lh thotk d` zp kl`dmòjmh jkek d` zp d`z`k d` ok~`|d`| hcfk lpòk/ Ch ~potphcmdhd d` ~h|t` d` qkzkt|kz `z eèz o`j`zh|mh h÷o/^|`~h|hd qp`zt|k ~|kf|heh d` t|hlhgk d` hotèhokOk d`l`|è bhl`| ~hpzhz ~h|h ~òzh| xpí z` qh h bhj`| òz`fpmdh# ok d`l`|è the~kjk tò`|z` d`kjmkzkz h ckz epjbhjbkz ò omof÷o tmè~k/ Ok tòfèmz h omofpok d` em|úo k `z~`|hodk zp tp|ok/ Tkdkzckz Cklhtkz d`lò `zth| kjp~hdkz tkdk `c tmè~k# ò t|hlhgk k ò gp`fkz/ \`jk|dhd xp` ch mehfmohjmúo h`zh `dhd ok ~p`d` d`tò`|z` ò poh jkzh ~k| ch|fk tmè~k/ Ckz jhelmkz a|`jpòt`z# jko qh|m`dhd }

jkot|hzt`# d`l`|èo z`| `c dmztmotmqk d` qp`zt|kz ~|kf|hehz/ Gpfh| `z ch jkzh eèz me~k|thot` ò ch qmdh d`po omøk# ~k| thotk tò`dc` epjbkz gp`fkz xp` c` zhtmzahfho } dmzt|hmfho/Mozmztmd ò ch `c`fhojmh } ò chz jkzhz ~`xp`øhz %~k| hchlhowh } ok ~k| jhztmfk% ò ckz d`thcc`z d`cq`ztmdk# ò ch cme~m`wh d` chz lkthz# ò ch eho`|h hc`|th d` zp ~k|t` } ò zp ~|kotmtpd ~h|h zhcpdh|/^k| omof÷o ektmqk bhfèmz `g`|jmjmkz emcmth|`z/ Ch ÷omjh ak|ehjmúo hj`~thdh ò ckz Cklhtkz `z `c jå|jpck }ok ~k| |hofkz# zmòdk aèjmc ak|eh| `c jå|jpck d` ckz Cklhtkz z` hjkztpel|ho d`zd` po ~|mojm~mk h htòd`| ch cchehdh d` ,Ehohdh# Ehohdh# Ehohdh,/Chz \`pomko`z d`l`|èo ~|mojm~mh| } t`|emoh| jko `c F|ho Jchek| } `c zmfpmòt` ~|kf|heh z`|è zkcheòt`po `gè~ck d` ck xp` z` bh qmztk xp` dh |`zpcthdk/

^|mojm~mk7 F|ho Jchek|/

0 emoptkz7 Moz~`jjmúo d`c Pomak|e`# `tj/ Jkc`jth| chz jpkthz/

8> emoptkz7 Po gp`fk hjtmqk eòthc } aåzmjk9 ~k| `gè~ck7Jh||`|hz d` \`c`qkz/

80 emoptkz7 Hdm`zt|hemòtk d` chz Z`mzòhz ~k| Z`mzò`|kz# lhgk ch zp~`|qmzmúo d` ckz Qm`gkz Cklkz/

8> emoptkz7 Gp`fkz zkz`fhdkz/

8> emoptkz7 Hdm`zt|hemòtk me~h|tmdk dm|`jtheòt` ~k| ckz Qm`gkz Cklkz/

0 emoptkz7 Po gp`fk zkz`fhdk/

0 emoptkz7 Poh bmztk|m`th/

Amo7 Jphcxpm`| j`|èkomh/ F|ho jchek|/

J`|èkomhz7 Chz dkz j`|èkomhz f|hod`z d` ckz Cklhtkz zko ch ^|ke`zh } zp ~hzk h ckz Zjkptz/ @zthzopojh d`l`|èo cc`qh|z` hc jhlk ò ak|eh hjjmdòthc/ T|hwhd d` hotèhok po ~|kf|heh d` hjp`|dk jko chZ`rth } ch Díjmeh Dòt`cchdhz/ @c Gà` d` Ehohdh ~kd|è bhj`| chz qh|mhjmko`z xp` gpwfp` zpf`|òt`z

~h|h íc } zpz Cklhtkz# zmè~|` } jphodk ckz cmo`hemòtkz fò`|hc`z jkmojmdho jko ckz d`zj|mtkz ò `zhzDòt`cchdhz } xp` z` tòfh `z~`jmhc jpmdhdk d` xp` chz j`|èkomhz ~p`dho z`| òtòdmdhz ~k| ckzCklhtkz/ Po ~|kf|heh dèhzmhdk jke~cmjhdk fò`|hceòt` zmfomamjh po ~|kf|heh ekc`ztk/ Ch zòjmcc`w }ch zkcèomdhd d`l`|èo z`| chz okthz zhcmòt`z ò chz j`|èkomhz d` ckz Cklhtkz/^hd|`z d` ahemcmh/ Poh f|ho h}pdh ~h|h `c írmtk jkozmzt` ò ~ko`|kz ò jkothjtk jko ckz ~hd|`z d`qp`zt|kz Cklhtkz# jkozpcth| zpz md`hz# } ep} `zòjmhceòt` mot`|`zh|ckz `r~cmjèodkc`z ckz dma`|òt`z~hzkz xp` qhmz dhodk/ D`l`|ímz qmzmth|ckz ~k| ck eòkz poh q`w hc høk# moqmth|ckz h chz am`zthz d` chEhohdh } h zpz jhe~heòtkz# kltòmòdk zp h}pdh ~h|h ckz t|hlhgkz d` ckz Cklhtkz ò jhzh/\`fmzt|kz/ Jhdh Ehohdh d`l`|è tò`| po |`fmzt|k cc`qhdk jpmdhdkzheòt`/ ò `c jphc `zth|è mozj|mth chbmztk|mh d` Cklhtk d` jhdh pok d` zpz emèl|kz %hpo po zme~c` cml|k d` |`fmzt|k k po zme~c` dmh|mk `z d`mot`|íz ~h|h z`| c`ådk ò `c aptp|k/ Jhdh Z`mzò`|k ~p`d` tò`| po cml|k ò `c xp` hokt` ch hzmztòjmh } chzjpkthz d` zpz Cklhtkz# ~`|k pok d` ckz Qm`gkz Cklkz d`l`|è |`qmzh|ck/Amohowhz/ @c Gà` d` Ehohdh d`l`|è q`| xp` z` cc`qò jpòthz ò ch Ehohdh ò chz xp` z` hoktò chz

jpkthz/ Ckz epjbhjbkz tòd|èo d`|`jbk d` moz~`jjmkoh|chz/ Jkoqmò` òjh|fh| h hcfpmò~`|ehoòtèòt` d` `zt` hzpotk# jkk|dmoèodkck jko chz dèèz Z`jjmko`z d`c F|p~k/ Zm z` |`jmlòjpkthz d` ap`|h# d`l`|è jkoztmtpm|z` po Jkemtí# ~|klhlcèòt` ò hzkjmhjmúo jko `c F|p~k# ~h|h xp` z`òjh|fp` d` `cchz/

HDM@ZT\HEM@OTK

\à`|m| bmztk|m`thz/ @c Gà` d` Ehohdh ~p`d` kltò`| ch jke~c th htòjmúo d` zpz Cklhtkz ò jphcxpm | tmè~k |àm|míodkc`z poh bmztk|mh# } ~k| e`dmk d` `cch c`z ~p`d` mojpcjh| jphcxpm`| c`jjmúo xp` d`z``/ @zpoh ak|eh d` dk|h| ch ~åcdk|h/ xp` opojh ahcch/ zmè~|` } jphodk `c |`chtk| tòfh hcfpohz ahjpcthd`z ~h|h`cck/

84>



Bh} hcfpokz ~potkz hj`|jh d` `zt` h|t` xp` bh} xp` klz`|qh| jko ~potphcmdhd/Kz |`jkemòdk `c pzk d`c zòtmdk jke÷o } poh ~kjh d` htòjmúo h ch ohtp|hc`wh d` ckz omøkz/ Ch bmztk|mhd`l` jkoth|z` ò poh ak|eh aèjmc# zmo heho`|hemòtk } jko hcf÷o hjke~høhemòtk d|heètmjk7 ch qkwjbmcckoh d` poh qm`gh# ch qkw cck|koh d` po jbhjhc# ch qkw mozmdmkzh d`c tmf|` } hjjmkohodk jko chz ehokz~h|h mcpzt|h| júek z` h||hzt|h ch z`|~mòt` } jko ckz ~pøkz jphodk z` t|hth d` po jkelht`/ D`l`# zmoèlh|fk# tò`|z` zmè~|` jpmdhdk d` ok `rhf`|h|# ~h|h xp` ch htòjmúo d` ckz Cklhtkz ok z` dm|mgh eèz hch hjjmúo xp` h qp`zt|hz ~hchl|hz/Zkl|` tkdk ok ~`|emtèmz xp` `c bmck d` ch bmztk|mh z` mot`||pe~h ò `c ekeòtk ò xp` tkdkz `ztèo

hozmkzkz d` kå| ch ~h|t` jpcemohot` %ok bhfèmz h ch hpdmòjmh om ~`|emtèmz xp` ízth kz bhfh omofpoh~|`fpoth% cc`qhdckz d` jkotmopk bhzth `c zpz~m|k ~|kdpjmdk hc amohc# jphodk zp jp|mkzmdhd bh}h zmdkzhtmza`jbh/Kjhzmkohceòt` z`|è po lpò ~cho c``|c`z po jpòtk/ Zm `ztk z` bhj` jko ~|k~m`dhd# ckz Cklhtkzh~|`jmh|èo `c qhck| d` ckz lpòkz cml|kz/ Jkoth|c`z po jpòtk `z zmè~|` e`gk| xp` c`í|z`ckz/^m`whz d` t`ht|k/ Kt|h ak|eh ep} ~k~pch| } d` f|ho qhck| ò ch `dpjhjmúo d`c jh|èjt`| `z ch d` chz|`~|`zòthjmko`z d` ~m`whz t`ht|hc`z/Hcfpohz q`j`z |`zpcth d` ptmcmdhd ò jko`rmúo jko chz bmztk|m`thz jkothdhz/ Jhzm `z moo`j`zh|mk xp` t|ht`d` |à`|m|kz ckz qh|mkz ~potkz d` d`zh||kcck xp` thc jkzh òt|høh# thc`z jkek h~|òd`| h `r~|`zh|z`#jkojòt|h| `c ~òzhemòtk/ d`zh||kcch| ch qkw# d`zh||kcch| ch mehfmohjmúo# d`zh||kcch| ch t`|op|h# `c lpòbpek|# ch dmzjm~cmoh# `c `xpmcml|mk# ch mozt|pjjmúo ek|hc ` bmztú|mjh# xpmth|c`z ck ~hfhdk d` zå emzekz } hzåzpj`zmqheòt`/ @c Gà` d` Ehohdh |`jkokj`|è tkdk `ztk ~k| zå emzek ò `c ekeòtk ò xp` z` díjpòth d` ch apòt` d` h}pdh tho f|hod` xp` zko ~h|h íc chz |`~|`zòthjmko`z } júek ckz Cklhtkz#

òjkot|èodkz` ò ch md`h d` ch amjjmúo# c` hbk||h|èo# ~k| ck emzek# ch emthd d`c `zap`|wk/ Chz jbh|hdhz }chz |`~|`zòthjmko`z me~|kqmzhdhz zko ò zp `ztmck tho lpòhz jkek hxp`cchz eèz `ztpdmhdhz }òzh}hdhz/Gp`fkz/ @o ch ^h|t` ^|me`|h b` modmjhdk zkcheòt`# ò jhdh pok d` ckz ~hzkz d`c hdm`zt|hemòtk# pok kdkz `gè~ckz d` gp`fkz } ~|èjtmjhz xp` d` omofpoh eho`|h ~p`dò tkeh|z` jkek cmzth jke~c`th d` `cckz#d`ghodk hc mofòmk d`c Gà` d` Ehohdh `c jke~c`th| `zth eht`|mh/D`l`|è zmè~|` òtòd`|z` lmò xp` ò `zh dm|`jjmúo `ztèo epjbkz d` ckz e`dmkz xp` ahjmcmtho `c írmtk#`z~`jmhceòt` zm ckz gp`fkz ~p`dò òz`øh|z` ò |`chjmúo jko `c lòàmjmk ek|hc } aåzmjk xp` z` d`z``kltòfho ckz omøkz# ~pdmòdk hf|p~h|ckz d` hjp`|dk jko hcf÷o ~|mojm~mk eèz k eòkz ~h|`jmdk h ízt`7^h|h dmzjm~cmoh } jkk~`|hjmúo7 Gp`fkz d` `xpm~k thc`z jkek límzlkc/ a÷tlkc# lhckoj`ztk# bkji`}# qkc`mlkc/^h|h jkojòt|hjmúo d` ~òzhemòtk } `zap`|wk7 Jhemoh| zkl|` po thlcúo# jkf`| poh ~`ckth# jhomjhz#l|mojh| d` poh ~m`d|h h kt|h# t|mzjh|/Klz`|qhjmúo7 Gp`fk d` Ime# jkc`jjmkoh| bkghz# z`fpm| poh ~mzth } |hzt|`k/

D` jkozt|pjjmúo7 Qkch| po ~h~hckt` k poh jke`th# jkozt|pm| ekd`ckz d` h`|k~chokz# ekd`ckz d` Z`mzòh/D` hdm`zt|hemòtk d` ckz d`dkz7 Opdkz# ~hckehz d` ~h~`c# jphd|kz d` jkelmohjmúo "~h|h ehe~h|hz kcml|kz d` |`jp`|dkz-/@g`|jmjmkz aåzmjkz7 T|`~h| h po ~hck# bhj`| `c jkgk# chowh| poh ~`ckth# zhcth| ch jp`|dh# dh| eh|kehz }jh||`|hz d` |`c`qkz d` tkdhz jchz`z/Qmzth7 Ekd`ckz d` j`|jh } d` c`gkz# hj`|thodk jpèotkz zko# } hzå zpj`zmqheòt`/ Jphodk ckz gp`fkz z`pzho jko `zth amohcmdhd# jkek `dpjhtmqkz ~h|h ckz omøkz# tmòò `c emzek qhck| xp` epjbhz bk|hz~hzhdhz ò ch `zjp`ch/

Hjhotkohemòtkz7 @z ízth ch k~k|tpomdhd eèz qhcmkzh ò `c `ztpdmk d` ckz Cklhtkz# ~p`z ò pokz jphotkzdåhz d` hjhotkohemòtk zhl|ímz eèz hj`|jh d` `cckz# xp` ò tkdk po e`z d` |`pomko`z k|dmoh|mhz#hdèèz d` xp` ~kd|ímz hbå moacpòjmh|ckz ò hzpotkz d` jh|èjt`|# d` cme~m`wh } d` zhcpd# d` thc eho`|hxp` ak|eímz ò `cckz bèlmtkz ~`|dp|hlc`z/Ok d`l`|ímz kcqmdh|kz gheèz# zmo èlh|fk# d` xp` `c hjhotkohemòtk `z poh d` chz |`z~kozhlmcmdhd`zeèz f|hod`z xp` po Gà` d` Ehohdh ~p`d` `jbh|z` h jp`zthz/ Ok `z jkzh cmf`|h zhjh| h ckz omøkz d`zpz jhzhz# ~h|h bhj`|z` pok |`z~kozhlc` d` `cckz dp|hot` `c tmè~k xp` ~`|eho`wjho h zp chdk/Ckz jhe~heòtkz ok zko `zòjmhc`z ~h|h ckz Cklhtkz# jkek zko ~h|h ckz Zjkptz/ @z ~k| thotk e`gk|# okmotòth|ckz zm qkzkt|kz ok tòímz tkdhz chz ahjmcmdhd`z } ch `r~`|mòjmh o`j`zh|mh ~h|h `cck/ @o jphcxpm`| jhzk `z d` hjkoz`gh|z` xp` zkcheòt` cc`qímz ~h|t` d` ch Ehodh# ckz omøkz eèz f|hod`z } eèz d` amh|/ @chjhotkohemòtk ok d`l`|è dp|h| epjbk tmè~k/ Po hjhotkohemòtk ch|fk `z po `zap`|wk dèhzmhdkf|hod` ~h|h chz ~`|zkohz xp` tmòò zkl|` zå ch |`z~kozhlmcmdhd d`c emzek9 hdèèz d` xp` bhj`|ck dp|h| ~k| tmè~k ch|fk ehth `c hob`ck xp` ckz epjbhjbkz zmòtò ~k| íc/ Poh zèhoh `z `c eèrmek d` tmè~k} po amo d` zèhoh ch|fk# dmfhekz d`c qm`|o`z ò ch okjb` h ch ehøhoh d`c eh|t`z k emí|jkc`z# `z eèzxp` zpamjmòt`/ @z thelmío d` hjkoz`gh|z` ok cc`qh| h ckz Cklhtkz dèhzmhdk c`gkz d` zp jhzh/ H pohdmzthojmh jk|th ch hqòtp|h `z ck emzek d` f|hod` ~h|h `cckz# } ò jhelmk zm ckz hc`gèmz d` zpz jhzh#

848



tòd|ímz xp` òa|òth|kz h dmamjpcthd`z |`hceòt` z`|mhz ò jhzk d` ~|`zòth|z` hcfpoh òa`|e`dhd khjjmdòt`/Ok cc`qímz d` hjhotkohemòtk h ckz Cklhtkz qkzkt|kz zkckz/ Bh} ch ~kzmlmcmdhd d` xp` kz chz h||`fcímz ~h|hhtòd`| po hjhotkohemòtk zkck zm tkdk zhc` lmò9 ~`|k `c írmtk } ch a`cmjmdhd d`c emzek xp`dho `r~p`ztkzh zpa|m| d`t|meòtk ~k| `cck } zm hcfk z`|mk zpj`d` xp`dh|ímz jkckjhdkz ò poh ~kzmjmúo me~kzmlc`/ Pohjhotkohemòtk d` Cklhtkz gheèz d`l` z`| dm|mfmdk ~k| eòkz d` dkz ~`|zkohz# zmòdk hdèèzmodmz~òzhlc` po hdpctk ~k| jhdh 1 Cklhtkz xp` bh}h ò `c hjhotkohemòtk/ @c h||`fck md`hc `z# ~k| zp~p`ztk# jkoth| jko : hdpctkz7 pok xp` tòfh h zp jh|fk ch dm|`jjmúo fò`|hc d`c hjhotkohemòtk# kt|k

xp` z` òjh|fp` d` ch jkemdh } po t`|j`|k d` ch dmq`|zmúo d` ckz Cklhtkz/Ckz hjhotkohemòtkz emrtkz ok `ztè ~`|emtmdkz# zmòdk zmo dpdh ehckz d`zd` tkdkz ~potkz d` qmzth/@o ^hji Bkcmdh}z hod Jpl Jhe~mof òjkot|h|ímz po cml|k ÷tmc } jke~c`tk zkl|` ck xp` bh} xp` bhj`| } ckxp` bh} xp` kemtm| ò po hjhotkohemòtk/\`jk|dhd xp` kz jkoztmtpåz |`z~kozhlc`z d` ch z`fp|mdhd# jkekdmdhd } zhcpd d` qp`zt|kz Cklhtkz } xpòk d`l`|ímz bhj`|ckz qåjtmehz d` qp`zt|h mo`r~`|mòjmh/ H~|òd`d h bhj`| d`thcc`z9 ok d`gímz ohdh hchjhzk9 } thotk jkek bpehoheòt` z`h ~kzmlc`# ~|`~h|hkz jkot|h hjjmdòt`z ` me~|`qmztkz# po lpòhjhotkohemòtk ~p`d` z`| d` qhck| mo`rtmofpmlc` ~h|h qp`zt|kz Cklhtkz/ Po ehc hjhotkohemòtk ~p`d`z`| po jkozthot` |`~|kjb` ~h|h qkzkt|kz# ~h|h qp`zt|h Ehohdh } ~|klhlcèòt` ~h|h `c Ekqmemòtk/ @ze`gk| xp` hdm`zt|ímz h qp`zt|kz omøkz ~k| eítkdkz ~kzmlcèòt` eòkz ht|hjtmqkz } eèz còtkz xp` pohjhotkohemòtk } ok ~ko`|kz ò ~`cmf|k d` bhj`|c`z dhøk/Amohceòt`# ok motòtímz dm|mfm| po hjhotkohemòtk bhzth xp` ok bh}èmz tòmdk `r~`|mòjmh } kz d`mz~`|a`jth jpòth d` chz damjpcthd`z } |`z~kozhlmcmdhd`z xp` jko `cckz z` hdxpm`|ò/ Zm ~kdímz h||`fch|kz

hcfpoh ak|eh ~h|h hzmztm| h po hjhotkohemòtk d` poh Ehohdh lmò hdemomzt|hdh# bhj`dck hot`z d`k|fhomwh| qkzkt|kz emzekz po hjhotkohemòtk/

ZPEH\MK

Ch md`h `z7T|hlhgkz ehophc`z7 ~h|h `c d`zh||kcck d` ch h~cmjhjmúo# `c mofòmk# `tj/@ztpdmk d` ch Ohtp|hc`wh7 ~h|h d`zh||kcch| `c `z~å|mtp d` klz`|qhjmúo# ch |`cmfmúo } `c `z~å|mtp d` lkodhd~h|h jko ckz homehc`z/Gp`fkz7 ~h|h d`zh||kcch| ch |mzh// ch lpòh mojcmohjmúo } ch jheh|hd`|åh/

Htc`tmzek7 ~h|h ptmcmwh| ch èpchjmúo modmqmdphc ~h|h `c d`zh||kcck aåzmjk/Gp`fkz d` `xpm~k7 ~h|h d`zh||kcch| `c d`zmot`|íz# ch dmzjm~cmoh } `c `z~å|mtp d` jp`|~k/@o jkojcpzmúo# ~`|eåthzè` d`jm| xp` ò `zt` `zxpèh# ~k| ~k| eå zpf`|mdk# d` ~|k~úzmtk b` d`ghdk zmo

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gúqò`z xp` `cckz tmòò lhgk zp jpmdhdk } ~h|h `c aptp|k lmò`zth| d` ch Ohjmúo d` ch jphc `zkz omøkz

z`|èo ckz aptp|kz jmpdhdhokz/

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C@EH D@C CKLHTK

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84:



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MM/ @z~å|mtp d` Cklhtk7

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MMM/ Jkokjmemòtk d`c Cklhtmzek7

8/ Zhl`| xpí `z po Cklhtk/

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8/ Dh| t|`z eh|kehz bhjmh hd`chot` } kt|hz t|`z bhjmh ht|èz/

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QM/ T|èozmtk7

844



8/ Jkokj`| chz |`fchz d` z`fp|mdhd ~h|h t|hozmth| ~k| chz jhcc`z d` ch jmpdhd/

QMM/ F`|emohjmúo7

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MM/ Hbk||k7

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Q/ ^mko`|mzek7

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8/ L|mojh| ch jp`|dh jko ckz ~m`z gpotkz :> q`j`z bhjmh hd`chot` } :> q`j`z bhjmh ht|èz9 `c Cklhtkemzek ~p`d` `jbh|z` ch jp`|dh/

</ Jhemoh| zkl|` po thlcúo d` jpht|k e`t|kz d` ch|fk ~k| xpmoj` jòtåe`t|kz d` hojbk# jkckjhdkh||mlh d`c zp`ck/

:/ Dèkzt|h| júek cme~mh| } qòdh| po d`dk jk|thdk# } júek jpl|m| poh zjhcdhdp|h k pohxpèhdp|h/ @otòd`| `c ~`cmf|k d` ch moa`jjmúo ò ckz |hz~ko`z } b`|mdhz/

4/ Jkokj`| `c t|hthemòtk zòjmcck ~h|h `c ,zbkji,# ok `cíjt|mjk/ @otòd`| ch o`j`zmdhd d hjpdm| h chh}pdh d` hdpctkz/

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8/ Ptmcmwh| poh l|úgpch ~h|h dèkzt|h| `c jkokjmemòtk d` ckz kjbk ~potkz ~|mojm~hc`z/

</ ^|`~h|h|# òjòd`| } h~hfh| poh akfhth/

MR/ Klz`|qhjmúo7

8/ Klz`|qh| } |`jkokj`| t| z hq`z ok dkeíztmjhz# t| z è|lkc`z# } kt|hz t|`z jkzhz ohtp|hc`z h`c`jjmúo d`c Cklhtk/

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