MANU EXPEDITIONS BIRDING TOURS

Trip Report – Pantanal, Amazon and SE Brazil

October 20th to November 27th

Jaguar at the Pantanal, Opal-crowned Manakin at the Amazon and Black-and-gold Cotinga in SE Brazil.

It was pretty hard to chose with which pictures to start the trip report.

Leader: Fred Tavares

Day by Day Activities October 20th: Sao Paulo Airport / Cuiaba / Transpantaneira Road We all met at Sao Paulo International Airport and took an afternoon flight to Cuiaba.

From Cuiaba we drove to Transpantaneira where we really started our fantastic birding and wild life adventure. Overnight Fazenda Piuval. October 21st: Fazenda Piuval Full day exploring and birding Fazenda Piuval area. Overnight Fazenda Piuval. October 23rd: Fazenda Piuval / Porto Jofre We had a fantastic journey from Piuval to Porto Jofre. We drove all day long through Transpantaneira Road birding and enjoying the fantastic wild life. Overnight Porto Jofre. October 24th: Porto Jofre Full day on a boat ride looking for Jaguars. Overnight Porto Jofre. October 25th: Porto Jofre Morning on a boat ride looking for Jaguars. We saw 9 Jaguars in total. So we canceled the afternoon excursion and did some birding around the hotel. Overnight Porto Jofre. October 26th: Porto Jofre / Pixaim River area Drive North on Transpantaneira to Pixaim River. In the afternoon we explored the very nice gallery forest behind our hotel. Overnight Pixaim. October 27th: Pixaim / Cuiaba / Alta Floresta / Cristalino Traveling day! We drove from Pixaim back to Cuiaba where we took a flight to Alta Floresta. From Alta Floresta we had a short drive and finally a boat ride to the famous Cristalino Lodge. This traveling day was pretty productive towards the end. Overnight Cristalino Lodge. October 28th to November 02nd - Cristalino 6 full days exploring Cristalino. It was absolutely amazing!!! Overnight Cristalino Lodge. November 3rd – Cristalino / Alta Floresta / Brasilia We left Cristalino in the morning and from Alta Floresta we flew to Brasilia where we overnighted. Overnight Brasilia. November 4th – Brasilia / Parauapebas (Carajas) We took a morning flight from Brasilia to Maraba and than drove to Parauapebas.

Traveling day. Overnight Parauapebas. November 5th to November 09th – Carajas National Forest 6 days exploring the enormous area of Carajas National Forest. Overnight Parauapebas. November 10th – Parauapebas / Belo Horizonte / Serra do Cipo Traveling day. We flew from Parauapebas to Belo Horizonte. From Belo Horizonte Airport we drove to Serra do Cipo. Overnight Serra do Cipo. November 11th – Serra do Cipo Fantastic day birding the highlands of Serra do Cipo. Overnight Serra do Cipo. November 12th – Serra do Cipo / Caraca Morning birding at Serra do Cipo and than we drove to Caraca. Afternoon birding at Caraca. Overnight Caraca. November 13th – Caraca Full day birding Caraca area. Night waiting for the Maned Wolf! Overnight Caraca. November 14th – Caraca / Serra da Canastra Morning drive from Caraca to Serra da Canastra. Afternoon birding at Serra da Canastra area. Overnight Sao Roque de Minas. November 15th to November 17th – Canastra National Park 3 full days exploring Canastra National Park area. Overnight Sao Roque de Minas. November 18th – Serra da Canastra / Itatiaia National Park Morning drive to Itatiaia NP. Afternoon birding the upper part of Itatiaia NP. Overnight Itatiaia NP. November 19th and 20th – Itatiaia National Park 2 full days exploring the montane forests of the park. Overnight Itatiaia NP.

November 21st – Itatiaia NP / Ubatuba Morning drive to Ubatuba. We made one stop on the way to look for Black-hooded Antwren. Afternoon birding Ubatuba area. Overnight Ubatuba. November 22nd – Ubatuba Full day birding the forest areas of Ubatuba. We also visited fantastic hummingbird feeders and of course enjoyed the beautiful ocean view. Overnight Ubatuba. November 23rd – Ubatuba / Intervales Long drive from Ubatuba to Intervales. We made one birding stop on the way. Overnight Intervales. November 24th to November 26th – Intervales State Park 3 days exploring this fantastic forest area. It is always a pleasure to come back to Intervales. It was a shame it rained a little bit while we were there. Anyway we manage to find almost all the specialties and rarities from Intervales. Overnight Intervales. November 27th – Intervales / Sao Paulo Morning drive to Sao Paulo. End of the trip. KEY TO THE BIRD LIST Species which were heard but not seen are indicated by the symbol * E = Brazilian Endemic Tinamous TINAMIDAE Gray Tinamou – Tinamus tao* Heard at Cristalino. Great Tinamou – Tinamus major* Daily heard at Cristalino. Cinereous Tinamou – Crypturellus cinereus* Heard at Carajas. Undulated Tinamou – Crypturellus undulatus One of the most common voices at the Pantanal. Seen well at the Pantanal. Brazilian Tinamou – Crypturellus strigulosus* Only heard, several times at Cristalino and Carajas.

Brown Tinamou – Crypturellus obsoletus* Heard several times at the Atlantic Forest areas in SE Brazil. Small-billed Tinamou – Crypturellus parvirostris Seen at Cristalino by Jan and than we all saw it well in Ubatuba. Tataupa Tinamou – Crypturellus tataupa* Heard a few times in SE Brazil. Red-winged Tinamou – Rhynchotus rufescens Fantastic view first in the Pantanal. It was amazing the number of individuals we saw in Canastra National Park and how close we saw some of them. Spotted Nothura – Nothura maculosa Great looks at several individuals. This trip was really amazing for Nothuras in Canastra. (E) Lesser Nothura – Nothura minor Excellent views at Canastra National Park. Rheas RHEIDAE Greater Rhea – Rhea americana Seen few times at the Pantanal and again at Canastra National Park. Ducks ANATIDAE White-faced Whistling Duck – Dendrocygna viduata Seen a few times during the trip. Fairly common at the Pantanal. Black-bellied Whistling-Duck – Dendrocygna autumnalis Seen once at Serra do Cipo area. Muscovy Duck – Cairina moschata Common. Brazilian Teal – Amazonetta brasiliensis Seen a few times during the trip. (E) Brazilian Merganser – Mergus octocetaceus One of the most wanted birds of the trip. It took us a while to find it, conditions were not good. It was a national holiday and traffic was pretty intense on the dirt roads near Canastra National Park. After lots of hard work, persistence and dust and thanks for Jan’s Portuguese skills we finally found it. Thanks Jan!!! Guans and Chachalacas CRACIDAE Chaco Chachalaca – Ortalis canicollis Very common at the Pantanal.

Spix’s Guan – Penelope jacquacu Seen a few times at Cristalino. Chestnut-bellied Guan – Penelope ochrogaster Fairly common at the Pantanal. Dusky-legged Guan – Penelope obscura Common at Itatiaia and Caraça. (E) White-crested Guan – Penelope pileata Excellent views of this Carajas specialty. Blue-throated Piping-Guan – Aburria cumanensis Fairly common at the Pantanal. Red-throated Piping-Guan – Aburria cujubi Common at the Pantanal and Cristalino. Black-fronted Piping-Guan – Aburria jacutinga This pretty rare and scarce Cracidae was seen really well at Intervales State Park. Razor-billed Curassow – Pauxi tuberosa Seen well at Cristalino. Bare-faced Curassow – Crax fasciolata Common at the Pantanal. New World Quail ODONTOPHORIDAE Spot-winged Wood-Quail – Odontophorus capoeira* Grebes PODICEPEDIDAE Least Grebe – Tachybaptus dominicus Pied-billed Grebe – Podilymbus podiceps Frigatebirds FREGATIDAE Magnificent Frigatedbird – Fregata magnificens Fairly common in Ubatuba area. Cormorants PHALACROCORACIDAE Neotropic Cormorant – Phalachrocorax brasilianus Very common. Darters ANHINGIDAE Anhinga – Anhinga anhinga

Screamers ANHIMIDAE Southern Screamer – Chauna torquata Fairly common at the Pantanal. Herons ARDEIDAE Rufescent Tiger-Heron – Tigrisoma lineatum Common in Pantanal area. Whistling Heron – Syrigma sibilatrix Seen well a few times during the trip. Agami Heron – Agamia agami Excellent views of juveniles and adults. Seen at Pantanal and Cristalino. What a beauty!!! Boat-billed Heron – Cochlearius cochlearius Seen at the Pantanal. Zigzag Heron – Zebrilus undulates Finally!!! It was a lifer for me. After years trying to see one I finally got fantastic views of this amazing specie. Seen really well at the Pantanal and Cristalino.

Zigzag Heron - Fred Tavares©

Black-crowned Night-Heron – Nycticorax nycticorax Common.

Striated Heron – Butorides striata Common. Cattle Egret – Ardea ibis Very common along the roads, seen several times. Cocoi Heron – Ardea cocoi Seen mainly in the Pantanal area. Great Egret – Ardea alba Very common along the roads, seen several times. Snowy Egret – Egretta thula Very common along the roads, seen several times. Capped Heron – Pilherodius pileatus Seen well at the Pantanal and Cristalino. Little Blue Heron – Egretta caerulea Seen a few times at the Pantanal and once in SE Brazil. Ibises THRESKIORNITHIDAE Green Ibis – Mesembrinibis cayennensis Fairly common in the Pantanal. Also seen at Cristalino area. Buff-necked Ibis – Theristicus caudatus Common in the Pantanal. Seen in Canastra NP area as well. Plumbeous Ibis – Theristicus caerulescens Common in the Pantanal. Bare-faced Ibis – Phimosus infuscatus Common in the Pantanal. Roseate Spoonbill – Ajaia ajaja Seen a few times in the Pantanal and seen once again on a wetland during the drive from Ubatuba to Intervales. Storks CICONIIDAE Jabiru Stork – Jabiru mycteria Very common in the Pantanal. It was seen one more time on a wetland during the drive from Ubatuba to Intervales. Wood Stork – Mycteria americana Very common at the Pantanal.

Maguari Stork – Ciconia maguari Seen well at the Pantanal. New World Vultures CATHARTIDAE Turkey Vulture – Cathartes aura Very common, seen several times. Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture – Cathartes burrovianus Very common, seen several times. Greater Yellow-headed Vulture – Cathartes melanbrotus Seen a few times at Cristalino area and couple of times seen at Carajas. Black Vulture – Coragyps atratus Very common, seen several times. King Vulture – Sarcoramphus papa A few good views during the trip. Osprey PANDIONIDAE Osprey – Pandion haliaetus Hawks and Eagles ACCIPITRIDAE Gray-headed Kite – Leptodon cayanensis Excellent views in the Pantanal and seen one more time in the Amazon. Swallow-tailed Kite – Elanoides forficatus Seen a few times in the Pantanal, Amazon and again in Intervales State Park in SE Brazil. White-tailed Kite – Elanus leucurus Seen only once during the drive from Caraca to Canastra NP. Snail Kite – Rosthramus sociabilis Amazingly scarce this year. We saw it very few times in the Pantanal where they use to be fairly common. Double-toothed Kite – Harpagus bidentatus Excellent views at Cristalino and Carajas. Rufous-tighed Kite – Harpagus diodon Fantastic views of this beauty in Intervales State Park.

Rufous-tighed Kite - ©Fred Tavares

Mississipi Kite – Ictinia mississipensis Seen a few individuals on the very first day in the Pantanal. Plumbeous Kite – Ictinia plumbea Fairly common this year. Seen several times at the Pantanal, Cristalino and SE Brazil. Sharp-shinned Hawk – Accipiter striatus Seen one flying at Intervales State Park. Crane Hawk – Geranospiza caerulescens Seen twice at the Pantanal. White-browed Hawk – Leucopternis kuhli Scope views from the tower at Cristalino. (E) White-necked Hawk – Pseudastur lacernulatus Excellent views of one bird in Ubatuba area. Mantled Hawk – Pseudastur polionotus Seen once at Intervales State Park. Great Black-Hawk – Buteogallus urubitinga Common at the Pantanal. It was also seen at Cristalino area. Savanna Hawk – Buteogallus meridionalis Seen a few times at the Pantanal.

Roadside Hawk – Rupornis magnirostris Common. Black-collared Hawk – Busarellus nigricollis Common at the Pantanal. Black-chested Buzzard-Eagle – Geranoaetus melanoleucus One bird seen on a nest at Canastra National Park area. White-tailed Hawk – Geranoaetus albicaudatus Seen twice during the trip. Short-tailed Hawk – Buteo brachyurus Seen a couple of times in SE Brazil. White-rumped Hawk – Parabuteo leucorrhous One bird seen well at Itatiaia NP. Black Hawk-Eagle – Spizaetus tyrannus Excellent views at Itatiaia NP.

Black Hawk-Eagle - ©Fred Tavares

Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle – Spizastur melanoleucus Great views a couple of times at Carajas. Ornate Hawk-Eagle – Spizaetus ornatus One bird seen flying at Cristalino

Falcons FALCONIDAE Black Caracara – Daptrius ater Seen a couple of times at Cristalino. Red-throated Caracara – Ibycter americanus Seen well at Cristalino and Carajas. Southern Caracara – Polyborus plancus Common. Yellow-headed Caracara – Milvago chimachima Common. Laughing Falcon – Herpetotheres cachinnans Seen very well a few times during the trip. Cryptic Forest-Falcon – Micrastur mintoni Very good looks at Cristalino. American Kestrel – Falco sparverius A few seen throughout the trip. Bat Falcon – Falco rufigularis Seen a few times during the trip. Sunbittern EURYPYGIDAE Sunbittern – Eurypyga helias Excellent looks at the Pantanal and again at Cristalino. Limpkin ARAMIDAE Limpkin – Aramus guarauna Common. Sungrebe HELIORNITHIDAE Sungrebe – Heliornis fulica Good looks at Pixaim River, Pantanal. Trumpeters PSOPHIDAE The SACC says: Oppenheimer & Silveira (2009) found no evidence of intergradation near

potential contact areas between the nominate subspecies and P. v. dextralis, or between the latter and P. v. obscura; they recommended, therefore, that dextralis and obscura be ranked as separate species from nominate viridis. SACC proposal pending to modify species limits. Brown-winged Trumpeter – Psophia dextralis We had brief views at Carajas.

Dark-winged Trumpeter – Psophia viridis We were not very lucky with Trumpeters this time. Again we had brief views of it. Rails RALLIDAE Gray-necked Wood-Rail – Aramides cajanea Common in the Pantanal. (E) Slaty-breasted Wood-Rail – Aramides saracura Seen a few times in SE Brazil. Russet-crowned Crake – Anurolimnas concolor* Heard at Carajas. Rufous-sided Crake – Laterallus melanophaius* Red-and-white Crake – Laterallus leucopyrrhus Fantastic views at Intervales State Park. Just check the picture!!!

Red-and-white Crake - ©Fred Tavares

Ash-throated Crake – Porzana albicollis* Blackish Rail – Pardirallus nigricans Seen well at Caraca and Intervales State Park. Common Moorhen – Gallinula chloropus Common. Purple Gallinule – Porphyrio martinicus Seen once at Cristalino.

Seriemas CARIAMIDAE Red-legged Seriema – Cariama cristata Seen well at the Pantanal and again at Canastra National Park. Plovers CHARADRIIDAE Pied Plover – Hoploxypterus cayanus Seen several times at Pantanal and Cristalino. Southern Lapwing – Vanellus chilensis Common. American Golden Plover – Pluvialis dominica Seen well at the Pantanal. Collared Plover – Charadrius collaris Seen at the Pantanal. Stilts, Avocets RECURVIROSTRIDAE Black-necked Stilt – Himantopus mexicanus Common in the Pantanal. Also seen in SE Brazil. Snipes and Sandpipers SCOLOPACIDAE South-american Snipe – Gallinago paraguaiae Seen well at the Pantanal. Upland Sanpiper – Bartramia longicauda That was an excellent record in our trip. There are not many sightings/records for this bird at the state of Mato Grosso.

Upland Sandpiper - ©Fred Tavares

Solitary Sandpiper – Tringa solitaria

Common. Greater Yellowlegs – Tringa melanoleuca Seen well at the Pantanal and again in SE Brazil. Lesser Yellowlegs – Tringa flavipes Seen well at the Pantanal and again in SE Brazil. White-rumped Sandpiper – Calidris fuscicollis Seen well at the Pantanal. Pectoral Sandpiper – Calidris melanotos Seen well at the Pantanal. Buff-breasted Sanpiper – Tryngites subruficollis Seen well at the Pantanal. Jacanas JACANIDAE Wattled Jacana – Jacana jacana Common. Gulls LARIDAE Kelp Gull – Larus dominicanus Seen twice in Ubatuba. Terns STERNIDAE Yellow-billed Tern – Sternula superciliaris Common at the Pantanal. Large-billed Tern – Phaetusa simplex Common at the Pantanal. Pigeons COLUMBIDAE Plain-breasted Ground-Dove – Columbina minuta Ruddy Gorund-Dove – Columbina talpacoti Very common. Scaled Dove – Columbina squammata Fairly common. Picui Ground-Dove – Columbina picui Common.

Long-tailed Ground-Dove – Uropelia campestris Great looks in the Pantanal.

Long-tailed Ground-Dove – ©Fred Tavares

Rock Dove – Columbia livia Scaled Pigeon – Patagioenas speciosa Good scope views of this beautiful Pigeon at Carajás. Picazuro Pigeon – Patagioenas picazuro Seen a few times. Pale-vented Pigeon – Patagioenas cayennensis Fairly common at the Pantanal and also seen at Canastra National Park area. Plumbeous Pigeon – Patagioenas plumbea Seen or heard in most of the humid forests we visited. Ruddy Pigeon – Patagioenas subvinacea Seen well at Cristalino and Carajas. Eared Dove – Zenaida auriculata Seen at the Pantanal and SE Brazil. White-tipped Dove – Leptotila verreauxi Seen mainly at the Pantanal. Gray-fronted Dove – Leptotila rufaxilla Seen at Canastra NP. Violaceous Quail-Dove – Geotrygon violacea

We were pretty lucky with this very shy dove. We had pretty good views at Cristalino. Ruddy Quail-Dove – Geotrygon Montana Excellent views at the Amazon but a special good one we had at Intervelas State Park. Scope views, pictures.

Ruddy Quail-Dove © Fred Tavares

Parrots PSITTACIDAE Hyacinth Macaw – Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus Great views at the Pantanal. Blue-and-yellow Macaw - Ara ararauna Seen several times at Cristalino. Scarlet Macaw – Ara macao Seen several times at Cristalino and Carajas. Red-and-green Macaw – Ara chloropterus Seen several times at Cristalino and Carajas. Chestnut-fronted Macaw – Ara severus Seen at Cristalino and Carajas. Special views from the tower at Cristalino. Red-bellied Macaw – Orthopsittaca manilata Seen on the way back from Cristalino to Alta Floresta. Blue-winged Macaw – Primolius maracana Seen flying at Cristalino.

White-eyed Parakeet – Aratinga leucophthalma Common. Blue-crowned Parakeet – Aratinga acuticaudata Great views of several birds at the Pantanal. (E) Golden-capped Parakeet – Aratinga auricapilla Great looks at Canastra NP area. (E) Jandaya Parakeet – Aratinga jandaya A few pairs seen flying at Carajas. Nanday Parakeet – Aratinga nenday 2 birds flying across Transpantaneira Road were seen briefly. Peach-fronted Parakeet – Eupsittula aurea Seen at the Pantanal and SE Brazil. Pearly Parakeet – Pyrrhura lepida Seen well at Carajas. Crimson-bellied Parakeet – Pyrrhura perlata Excellent looks at Alta Floresta.

Crimson-bellied Parakeet ©Fred Tavares

Maroon-bellied Parakeet – Pyrrhura frontalis Seen and heard several times in SE Brazil. Santarem Parakeet – Pyrrhura amazonum Excellent looks at Carajas. Monk Parakeet – Myiopsitta monachus Pretty common at the Pantanal. Dusky-billed Parrotlet – Forpus modestus Seen at Cristalino. Blue-winged Parrotlet – Forpus xanthopterygius Pretty common, seen several times in SE Brazil. (E) Plain Parakeet – Brotogeris tirica Seen well at Itatiaia, Ubatuba and Intervales. Yellow-chevroned Parakeet – Brotogeris chiriri Common at the Pantanal. Golden-winged Parakeet – Brotogeris chrysoptera Fairly common at Cristalino and Carajas. Scarlet-shouldered Parrotlet – Touit huetii Seen at Cristalino and again at Carajas. White-bellied Parrot – Pionites leucogaster Excellent scope views at Cristalino, what a beauty! Pileated Parrot – Pionopsitta pileata Brief views of a pair flying at Intervales. Orange-cheeked Parrot – Pyrilia barrabandi Fantastic views at Cristalino. It is always a treat watching this beautiful specie. Blue-headed Parrot – Pionus menstruus Fairly common at Cristalino and Carajas. Scaly-headed Parrot – Pionus maximiliani Common specially in SE Brazil. Orange-winged Parrot – Amazona amazonica Several excellent views at the Pantanal.

Blue-fronted Parrot – Amazona aestiva Common at the Pantanal. Mealy Parrot – Amazona farinosa* Heard at Carajas. (E) Kawall’s Parrot – Amazona kawalli Seen at Cristalino. Yellow-crowned Parrot – Amazona ochrocephala Seen at Cristalino. Red-fan Parrot – Deroptyus accipitrinus What a bird!!! We had great views of it at Cristalino. Cuckoos CUCULIDAE Squirrel Cuckoo – Piaya cayana Seen several times during the trip, common. Black-bellied Cuckoo – Piaya melanogaster Fairly common this time at Cristalino. Seen welll a few times. Little Cuckoo – Coccycua minuta Fantastic views at the Pantanal including 2 really cooperative ones. Greater Ani – Crotopophaga major Common at the Pantanal and Cristalino. Smooth-billed Ani – Crotopophaga ani Common. Guira Cuckoo – Guira guira Common. Striped Cuckoo – Tapera naevia Excellent views at the Pantanal. Heard at the Amazon and SE Brazil as well. Barn Owls TYTONIDAE Barn Owl – Tyto alba One bird seen by the road near the entrance of Intervales State Park. Typical Owls STRIGIDAE Tropical Screech-Owl – Megascops choliba* Heard every night at Intervales.

Austral (Tawny-bellied) Screech-Owl – Megascops usta/ watsonii Excellent looks at Cristalino. The SACC says: Sibley & Monroe (1990) and König et al. (1999) treated usta as a separate species from Megascops watsonii based on vocal differences, but this was not followed by Ridgely & Greenfield (2001). SACC proposal to recognize usta as a separate species from M. watsonii was rejected because of inadequate geographic sampling and analysis.

Austral Screech-Owl – ©Fred Tavares

Great Horned Owl – Bubo virginianus A roosting pair was seen well IN the Pantanal. Crested Owl – Lophostrix cristata Seen at Cristalino. (E) Tawny-browed Owl – Pulsatrix koeniswaldiana Great view at Itatiata NP. What a call, what a great bird. Least Pygmy-Owl – Glaucidium minutissimum* Heard at Intervales State Park. Amazonian Pygmy-Owl – Glaucidium hardyi Seen at Cristalino surrounded BY Tanagers and Dacnis. Being a proper Pygmy-Owl. Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl – Glaucidium brasilianum* Heard at the Pantanal. Burrowing Owl – Athene cunicularia It is always fun watching them.

Potoos NYCTIBIIDAE Common Potoo – Nyctibius griseus* Long-tailed Potoo – Nyctibius aethereus* We got close but only heard it this time. Nightjars CAPRIMULGIDAE Short-tailed Nighthawk – Lurocalis semitorquatus Seen a couple of times at Cristalino. Band-tailed Hawk – Nyctiprogne leucopyga Good views at the end of our boat drives at the Pantanal. Nacunda Nighthawk – Chordeiles nacunda Seen at the Pantanal. Common Nighthawk – Chordeiles minor Seen at Cristalino. Pauraque – Nyctidromus albicollis A few seen during the trip. Little Nightjar – Setopagis parvula Seen at the Pantanal. Blackish Nightjar – Nyctipolus nigrescens Seen really well at Cristalino.

Blackish Nightjar – ©Fred Tavares

Ladder-tailed Nightjar – Hydropsalis climacocerca Seen well at Cristalino

Swifts APODIDAE Sooty Swift – Cypseloides fumigatus Seen a couple of times at Intervales. Great Dusky Swift – Cypseloides senex Seen at Cipo and Caraca. White-collared Swift – Streptoprocnes zonaris Seen well at Carajas, Cipo, Caraca and Canastra. Biscutate Swift – Streptoprocne biscutata Seen well at Carajas, Cipo and Caraca. Band-rumped Swift – Chaetura spinicaudus Seen at Cristalino. Gray-rumped Swift – Chaetura cinereiventris Seen at Cristalino. Pale-rumped Swift – Chaetura egregia Seen once at Cristalino. Amazonian Swift – Chaetura viridpennis Seen daily at Cristalino and once at Carajas. Sick’s Swift – Chaetura meridionalis Seen a few times in SE Brazil. Short-tailed Swift – Chaetura brachyura Seen at Cristalino. Chapman’s Swift – Chaetura chapmani Seen once at Carajas. Lesser Swallow-tailed Swift – Panyptila cayennensis Seen at Cristalino. Hummingbirds TROCHILIDAE Tapajos Hermit – Phaethornis aethopyga Seen at Cristalino feeding on a ground bromeliad flower. Reddish Hermit – Phaethornis rubber Seen at Cristalino, Carajas and Ubatuba. Planalto Hermit – Phaethornis pretrei Seen at Cristalino, Cipo and Caraca.

(E) Scale-throated Hermit – Phaethornis eurynome Seen at Itatiaia NP. Dusky-throated Hermit – Phaethornis squalidus Seen well a couple of times at Intervales. Eastern Long-tailed Hermit – Phaethornis superciliosus Seen at Cristalino. (E) Saw-billed Hermit – Ramphodon naevius Great views at the feeders in Ubatuba area. Crimson Topaz – Topaza pella Great views at Cristalino. That was a great surprise. Gray-breasted Saberwing – Campylopterus largipennis Pretty common at Cristalino and Carajas. Swallow-tailed Hummingbird – Eupetomena macroura Several great views of this large and wide spread hummingbird. Sombre Hummingbird – Aphantochroa cirrocholris One bird seen at the feeders in Ubatuba area. Black Jacobin – Florisuga fusca Fairly common in SE Brazil. White-vented Violet-Ear – Colibri serrirostris Seen a few times very well specially at Canastra national Park area. Plovercrest – Stephanoxis lalandi Great views at Itatiaia and a very nice lack at Intervales State Park.

Plovercrest – ©Fred Tavares

Black-throated Mango – Anthracotorax nigricollis

Seen well a few times at the Pantanal, Cristalino and Ubatuba. (E) Frilled Coquette – Lophornis magnificus We had great and multiple views of male and female at Itatiaia National Park. It is always one of the highlights of the trip.

Frilled Coquette – ©Fred Tavares Festive Coquette – ©Fred Tavares

Festive Coquette – Lophornis chalybeus Seen both days at Ubatuba. This tiny and beautiful hummingbird is another star of the trip. Glittering-bellied Emerald – Chlorostilbon aureoventris Seen a few times at Cipo and Caraca. Fork-tailed Woodnymph – Thalurania furcata Seen well at the Pantanal, Amazon and Cipo. Violet-capped Woodnymph – Thalurania glaucopis Fairly common at the Atlantic Forest areas we visited. White-chinned Sapphire – Hylocharis cyanus Seen it really well at Folha Seca in Ubatuba. White-throated Hummingbird – Leucochloris albicollis Great looks at Caraca. White-tailed Goldenthroat – Polytmus guainumbi One bird was seen really well and close at Transpantaneira Road. Versicolored Emerald – Agyrtria veriscolor Seen at the Pantanal and fairly common in SE Brazil. Glittering-throated Emerald – Polyerata fimbriata Seen at the Pantanal, Amazon and SE Brazil.

Sapphire-spangled Emerald – Polyerata lactea Excellent views Caraca and Canastra. (E) Brazilian Ruby – Clytolaema rubricauda Great views in SE Brazil. (E) Hyacinth Visorbearer – Augastes scutatus Another highlight of the trip. We had fantastic views at Cipo. Black-eared Fairy – Heliothryx aurita Seen it well a few times at Cristalino and Carajas. Horned Sungem – Heliactin cornuta Marvelous views at Cipo. This is another treat from Cipo. (E) Stripe-breasted Starthroat – Heliomaster squamosus Excellent views of this really nice looking hummingbird. Long-billed Starthroat – Heliomaster longirostris Seen a few times at Cristalino. Amethyst Woodstar – Calliphlox amethystine Excellent views at Folha Seca in Ubatuba. Trogons TROGONIDAE Green-backed Trogon – Trogon viridis Seen a few times at Carajas and also in SE Brazil. Surucua Trogon – Trogon surrucura Great looks at Caraca, Itatiaia and Intervales. Blue-crowned Trogon – Trogon curucui Seen really well at the Pantanal. Black-throated Trogon – Trogon rufus Seen well a couple of times at Intervales. Black-tailed Trogon – Trogon melanurus Heard several times at Cristalino. Seen well at Carajas. Amazonian Trogon – Trogon ramonianus Seen well from the tower at Cristalino. Collared Trogon – Trogon collaris Excellent views at Cristalino.

Kingfishers ALCEDINIDAE Ringed Kingfisher – Megaceryle torquatus Very common at the Pantanal. Amazon Kingfisher – Chloroceryle amazona Common at the Pantanal. Green Kingfisher – Chloroceryle americana Fairly common at the Pantanal. Green-and-rufous Kingfisher – Chloroceryle aenea Fantastic views!!! This is a beauty and this time it really decided to cooperate. Seen at the Pantanal and Cristalino.

Green-and-rufous Kingfisher – ©Fred Tavares

American Pygmy Kingfisher – Chloroceryle inda Excellent views at the Pantanal . Motmots MOMOTIDAE Broad-billed Motmot – Electron platyrhynchum* Heard twice at Cristalino. Rufous-capped Motmot – Baryphthengus ruficapillus Seen well at Itatiaia and Ubatuba. Amazonian Motmot – Momotus momota Good views at the Pantanal.

Jacamars GALBULIDAE Brown Jacamar – Brachygalba lugubris Great scope views at Carajas. Blue-cheeked Jacamar – Galbula cyanicollis What a beauty. Excellent views at Cristalino and Carajas. Rufous-tailed Jacamar – Galbula ruficauda Fairly common at the Pantanal. Bronzy Jacamar – Galbula leucogastra Nice scope looks at Carajas. Paradise Jacamar – Galbula dea Fairly common at the Amazon. Great Jacamar – Jacamerops aureus Great looks. Besides the view was pretty nice to hear it vocalizing. Puffbirds BUCCONIDAE White-necked Puffbird – Notharcus hyperrhynchus Perfect views from the tower at Cristalino. Brown-banded Puffbird – Notharchus ordii Seen a few times at Cristalino. Pied Puffbird – Notharcys tectus Seen well at Cristalino and Carajas. Collared Puffbird – Bucco capensis* White-eared Puffbird – Nystalus chacuru Excellent looks at Cipo and Canastra. Striolated Puffbird – Nystalus striolatus Perfect scope view at Cristalino. (E) Crescent-chested Puffbird – Malacoptilla striata* Rufous-necked Puffbird – Malacoptilla rufa Amazing views at Cristalino and Carajas. One of the very, very nice looking birdings on the trip.

Rufous-necked Puffbird ©Fred Tavares

Rufous-capped Nunlet – Nonnula ruficapilla Seen at Cristalino. Black-fronted Nunbird - Monasa nigrifrons Common at the Pantanal and Cristalino. White-fronted Nunbird – Monasa morphoeus Great views at Carajas. Swallow-winged Puffbird – Chelidoptera tenebrosa Very common at the Amazon. Barbets CAPITONIDAE Black-girdled Barbet – Capito dayi Excellent views at Cristalino. Toucans RAMPHASTIDAE Channel-billed Toucan – Ramphastos vitellinus Seen well at Cristalino and Carajas. Red-breasted Toucan – Ramphastos dicolorus Seen several times at Itatiaia and Intervales. Toco Toucan – Ramphastos toco Common at the Pantanal and also common at Canastra.

White-throated Toucan – Ramphastos tucanus Seen almost daily at the Amazon. Gould’s Toucanet – Selenidera gouldii Seen well at Cristalino. Spot-billed Toucanet – Selenidera maculirostris* Heard at Ubatuba. Saffron Toucanet – Pteroglossus bailoni Check the picture.

Saffron Toucanet - ©Fred Tavares

Woodpeckers PICIDAE Bar-breasted Piculet – Picumnus aurifrons Seen well at Cristalino and Carajas. White-barred Piculet – Picumnus cirratus Seen a few times in SE Brazil. White-wedged Piculet – Picumnus albosquamatus Excellent views at the Pantanal. White Woodpecker – Melanerpes candidus Seen well at the Pantanal, Cipo and Canastra NP area.

Yellow-fronted Woodpecker – Melanerpes flavifrons Fairly common near Ubatuba and Intervales State Park. White-fronted Woodpecker – Melanerpes cactorum Excellent scope views at the Pantanal on both days at the Northern part of Transpantaneira Road. Yellow-tufted Woodpecker – Melanerpes cruentatus Fairly common around the Amazon. Red-stained Woodpecker – Veniliornis affinis Seen well at Cristalino and Carajas. Little Woodpecker – Veniliornis passerinus Seen a few times at the Pantanal and that was all for the whole trip. White-spotted Woodpecker – Veniliornis spilogaster Good views at Itatiaia and Intervales. (E) Yellow-eared Woodpecker – Veniliornis maculifrons Great views at Itatiaia. Yellow-throated Woodpecker – Piculus flavigula Seen well from the tower at Cristalino. Golden-green Woodpecker – Piculus chrysochloros Seen this beauty well at Cristalino. White-throated Woodpecker – Piculus leucolaemus Seen really well at Carajas. Yellow-browed Woodpecker – Piculus aurulentus Good looks at Itatiaia National Park. Green-barred Woodpecker – Colaptes melanochloros Seen at Canastra and Itatiaia. Campo Flicker – Colaptes campestris Common. Checkered Woodpecker – Picoides mixtus Excellent and close views of a very responsive pair at Cipo area.

Checkered Woodpecker - ©Fred Tavares

Scale-breasted Woodpecker – Celeus grammicus Excellent views at Cristalino. Pale-crested Woodpecker – Celeus lugubris Seen really well the Pantanal. Blond-crested Woodpecker – Celeus flavescens Great views of this beautiful woodpecker at Ubatuba and again at Intervales. Ringed Woodpecker – Celeus torquatus One male seen well at Cristalino. Cream-colored Woodpecker – Celeus flavus Great looks at the Pantanal and again at Cristalino. Chestnut Woodpecker – Celeus elegans What a beauty! Excellent looks at Cristalino and Carajas. Lineated Woodpecker – Dryocopus lineatus Very few seen on this trip. Whenever we saw it we saw it well but very few. Robust Woodpecker – Campephilus robustus Nice looks at Caraca and Itatiaia. Red-necked Woodpecker – Campephilus rubricollis Very good views at Cristalino and Carajas.

Crimson-crested Woodpecker – Campephilus melanoleucos Seen well at Carajas and Ubatuba. Crescentchests MELANOPAREIIDAE Collared Crescentchest – Melanopareia torquata* Heard at Canastra.

Typical Antbirds THAMNOPHILIDAE Spot-backed Antshrike – Hypoedaleus guttatus* Heard at Ubatuba. Tufted Antshrike – Mackenziaena severa* Heard at Intervales. We had quite a few vocalizing but not responsive at all. Giant Antshrike – Batara cinerea Great views of this gigantic beauty at Intervales. Great Antshrike – Taraba major Seen at the Pantanal. (E) White-bearded Antshrike – Biatas nigropectus Excellent views of a male and a female at Intervales State Park. This is always one of the most wanted bamboo specialists on a Atlantic Forest Trip in SE Brazil. Glossy Antshrike – Sakesphorus luctuosus Male and female seen well and close at Cristalino. Barred Antshrike – Thamnophilus doliatus Fairly common and cooperative at the Pantanal. Rufous-winged Antshrike – Thamnophilus torquatus Excellent views at Canastra.

Rufous-winged Antshrike - ©Fred Tavares Rufous-capped Antshrike - ©Fred Tavares

Rufous-capped Antshrike – Thamnophilus ruficapillus Fantastic looks at Intervales. Chestnut-backed Antshrike – Thamnophilus palliates Seen well at Cristalino. Plain-winged Antshrike – Thamnophilus schistaceus* Heard several times at Cristalino and Carajas but we never got to take a look at one. Natterer’s Slaty-Antshrike – Thamnophilus stictocephalus A male seen well at Cristalino. Variable Antshrike – Thamnophilus caerulescens Fairly common in SE Brazil. White-shouldered Antshrike – Thamnophilus aethiops Good looks at Cristalino. Amazonian Antshrike – Thamnophilus amazonicus Seen well at Cristalino. Fasciated Antshrike – Cymbilaimus lineatus Great looks at Cristalino. (E) Spot-breasted Antvireo – Dysithamnus stictothorax Fairly common at Itatiaia and Ubatuba area. Plain Antvireo – Dysithamnus mentalis Seen only once during the trip. Rufous-backed Antvireo – Dysithamnus xanthopterus Great looks at Itatiaia NP. Saturnine Antshrike – Thamnomanes saturninus Seen once at Cristalino. Cinereous Antshrike – Thamnomanes caesius Fairly common through out the Amazon. Spot-winged Antshrike – Pygiptila stellaris Seen a few times at Cristalino. Wing-banded Antbird – Myrmornis torquata* Heard at Carajas.

Banded Antbird – Dichrozona cincta* Heard at Carajas. Dot-winged Antwren – Microrhopias quixensis Seen well at Cristalino. (E) Star-throated Antwren – Epinecrophylis gularis Excellent views at Intervales. White-eyed Antwren – Epinecrophylla leucophthalma Seen a few times at Cristalino and Carajas. Ornate Antwren – Epinecrophylla ornate Great view of one bird at Cristalino. Pygmy Antwren – Myrmotherula brachyura Seen well a couple of times at Cristalino and Carajas. Sclater’s Antwren – Myrmotherula sclateri Seen well a couple of times at Cristalino. Amazonian Streaked Antwren – Myrmotherula multostriata One bird seen well at Cristalino. Plain-throated Antwren – Myrmotherula hauxwelli Seen a few times at Cristalino and Carajas. Long-winged Antwren – Myrmotherula longipennis Fairly common on mixed flocks at Cristalino and Carajas. Gray Antwren – Myrmotherula menestriesii Fairly common on mixed flocks at Cristalino and Carajas. White-flanked Antwren – Myrmotherula axilaris Seen once at Cristalino and heard several times. (E) Unicolored Antwren – Myrmotherula unicolor Seen well a couple of times at Pereque and Ubatuba area. Large-billed Antwren – Herpsilochmus longirostris Great looks of males and females at the Pantanal. Black-capped Antwren – Herpsilochmus atricapillus Seen well at Caraca. Rufous-winged Antwren – Herpsilochmus rufomarginatus

Heard several times at the Amazon and finally seen at Ubatuba. (E) Black-hooded Antwren – Formicivora erythronotus Excellent views of this very restricted range bird. Male and female seen well. (E) Serra Antwren – Formicivora serrana Great looks at Caraca. Another member from the Formicivora genus with a very restricted range. Its distribution mainly occurs on the mountains of Minas Gerais. White-fringed Antwren – Formicivora grisea Heard a few times at Cristalino. It was seen well at Carajas. Striated Antbird – Drymophila devillei Great looks at Cristalino. (E) Ferruginous Antbird – Drymophila ferruginea Fairly common at Itatiaia and Intervales. (E) Ochre-rumped Antbird – Drymophila ochropyga Seen well at Caraca and again at Intervales. (E) Bertoni’s Antbird – Drymophila rubricollis Excellent looks at Itatiaia National Park and it was also heard a few times at Intervales. (E) Rufous-tailed Antbird – Drymophila genei Excellent views of this Montane Forest specialist. (E) Dusky-tailed Antbird – Drymophila malura Fantastic views of this other bamboo specialist at Caraca. (E) Scaled Antbird – Drymophila squamata This very attractive lowland Antbird was seen very well at Ubatuba. Spix’s Warbling-Antbird – Hypocnemis striata Very good views at Cristalino and Carajas. Yellow-browed Antbird – Hypocnemis hypoxantha* Heard once at Cristalino. (E) Streak-capped Antwren – Terenura maculata Seen well at Itatiaia, Ubatuba and Intervales. Mato Grosso Antbird – Cercomacra melanaria It is a fairly common bird at the forests at the Pantanal. We had excellent looks on males and females.

Manu Antbird – Cercomacra manu Male and female seen well at Cristalino. Blackish Antbird – Cercomacra nigrescens Seen a couple of times at Cristalino. Gray Antbird – Cercomacra cinerascens We had a great look at Cristalino. It also was frequently heard there. White-backed Fire-Eye – Pyriglena leuconota* Heard once at Cristalino. White-shouldered Fire-Eye – Pyriglena leucoptera Seen at Intervales. White-browed Antbird – Myrmoborus myotherinus Great looks at Cristalino. Black-faced Antbird – Myrmoborus myotherinus One bird showed up well at Cristalino. Band-tailed Antbird – Hypocnemoides maculicauda Excellent views at the Pantanal. We had a few very responsive birds along our stay in the Pantanal.

Band-tailed Antbird - ©Fred Tavares

Silvered Antbird – Sclateria naevia

One of the first birds we saw on our very first day at Cristalino. Rufous-faced Antbird – Schistocichla rufifacies We had really good views at Cristalino. This is specie normally does not provide good views like we had.

Rufous-faced Antbird - ©Fred Tavares

Black-throated Antbird - Myrmeciza atrothorax Seen well once at Cristalino. Chestnut-tailed Antbird – Myrmeciza hemimelaena Another specie that doesn’t use to cooperate much this time it provided really good studies on it. That’s a very nice looking Myrmeciza. (E) White-bibbed Antbird – Myrmeciza loricata Good looks at Caraca. Another specialtie from the mountains of SE Brazil. (E) Squamate Antbird – Myrmeciza squamosa Great looks first at Pereque and seen a few times at Intervales. Bare-eyed Antbird – Rhegmatorhina gymnops* It called fairly close to us but decided not to show up this time. Spot-backed Antbird – Hylophylax naevius We had brief views of it at Cristalino. Dot-backed Antbird – Hylophylax punctulatus* Heard at Cristalino. Black-spotted Bare-Eye – Phlegopsis nigromaculata

This specie is always difficult to see if you don’t find swarm ants around. We had two sightings of this beautiful and shy specie at Cristalino and Carajas. Gnateaters CONOPOPHAGIDAE Rufous Gnateater – Conopophaga lineata Excellent views at Caraca and Intervales.

Rufous Gnateater - ©Fred Tavares

(E) Black-cheeked Gnateater – Conopophaga melanops Fantastic!!! We watched one bird for quite a bit of time through the scope. It cooperated and posed for us letting us have great studies of it. Chestnut-belted Gnateater – Conopophaga aurita Great looks at Carajas. Black-bellied Gnateater – Conopophaga melanogaster Very good views at Carajas. Always shy and suspicious the bird refused to give a good view. After some hard work and patience we finally managed to get a good look. Antpittas GRALLARIIDAE Variegated Antpitta – Gralaria varia* Heard once at Carajas and a few times at Itatiaia and Intervales. Amazonian Antpitta – Hylopezus berlepschi Stunning looks at Carajas. What a bird! (E) Alta Floresta Antpitta – Hylopezus whittakeri It is not everyday that you have a chance to see an Antpitta on the scope. It happened with us and it was absolutely fantastic!!!

This specie was only described in 2012. It is a Terra Firme Forest habitant endemic to very restricted areas of the southern Amazon in Brazil. (E) Speckle-breasted Antpitta – Hylopezus nattereri Good looks of this very nice little ghost from the Atlantic Forest at Itatiaia National Park. Thrush-like-Antpitta – Myrmothera campanisoma* Heard a couple of times at Cristalino. This another “ghost” from the Amazon Forest. Tapaculos RHINOCRYPTIDAE (E) Slaty Bristlefront – Merulaxis ater What a great call!!! We heard it calling very close to us and had great views of this very interesting Atlantic Forest species. (E) Spotted Bamboowren – Psilorhamphus guttatus Fantastic views of this raritiy at Intervales State Park. Mouse-colored Tapaculo – Scytalopus speluncae Very good looks at Itatiaia National Park. (E) Brasilia Tapaculo – Scytalopus novacapitallis It was another very special moment of the trip. The bird came so close that was impossible to focus on it. We didn’t have to use binoculars to have great views of it. (E) Rock Tapaculo – Scytalopus petrophilus For sure it was one of the highlights of the trip. It was not just is a very restricted range specie or because it was only described a couple of years ago. It was mainly because the way we saw it. The bird absolutely ignored us and posed for us providing absolutely fantastic views. What a moment!!!

(E) White-breasted Tapaculo – Eleoscytalopus indigoticus It was first heard at Caraca. It was seen well at Intervales.

Anttrhushes FORMICIIDAE Rufous-capped Anthrush – Formicarius colma Seen at Ubatuba and Intervales. Black-faced Antthrush – Formicarius analis* Heard once at Carajas. (E) Rufous-tailed Antthrush – Chamaeza ruficauda Good views at Itatiaia National Park. Short-tailed Antthrush – Chamaeza campanisona Great views at Itatiaia and again at Intervales. (E) Such’s Antthrush – Chamaeza meruloides* Heard once at Intervales State Park. Leaftossers SCLERURIDAE Short-billed Leaftosser – Sclerurus rufigularis* Heard it once at Cristalino. Black-tailed Leaftosser – Sclerurus caudacutus Good looks at Cristalino. Rufous-breasted Leaftosser – Sclerurus scansor Great views at Intervales. Twice we had a couple of very cooperative and relaxed birds providing us great views of them. Woodcreepers DENDROCOLAPTIDAE Plain-brown Woodcreeper – Dendrocincla fuliginos Very good views at Carajas. Plain-winged Woodcreeper – Dendrocincla turdina Seen well at Ubatuba area. White-chinned Woodcreeper – Dendrocincla merula A single bird was seen once at Cristalino. Olivaceous Woodcreeper – Sittasomus griseicapillus Common. Long-tailed Woodcreeper – Deconychura longicauda* Heard at Cristalino. Wedge-billed Woodcreeper – Glyphorynchus spirurus Fairly common at Cristalino.

Long-billed Woodcreeper – Nasica longirostris Heard a few times and seen once at Cristalino. Cinnamon-throated Woodcreeper – Dendrexetastes rufigula Excellent views at Cristalino. Uniform Woodcreeper – Hylexetastes uniformis Seen well at Carajas. (E) Brigida’s Woodcreeper – Helexetastes brigidai Great looks at Carajas. One of the specialties from Carajas.

Brigida’s Woodcreeper - ©Fred Tavares

Carajas Woodcreeper – Xiphocolaptes carajaensis Great scope views of 2 very responsive birds at Carajas. White-throated Woodcreeper – Xiphocolaptes albicollis Seen well at Itatiaia and Intervales. Strong-billed Woodcreeper – Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus* Heard twice at Cristalino. Amazonian Barred Woodcreeper – Dendrocolaptes certhia* Heard at Cristalino. Planalto Woodcreeper – Dendrocolaptes platyrostris Seen a few times in SE Brazil. Black-banded Woodcreeper – Dendrocolaptes picumnus Great views at Cristalino.

Straight-billed Woodcreeper – Dendroplex picus Fairly common at the Pantanal. Also seen at Carajas. Lesser Woodcreeper – Xyphorhynchus fuscus Seen at Itatiaia and again at Intervales State Park. Buff-throated Woodcreeper – Xyphorhynchus guttatus Heard at the Pantanal and seen well at Cristalino and Carajas. Spix’s Woodcreeper – Xyphorhynchus spixii Good look at Carajas. Striped Woodcreeper – Xiphorhynchus obsoletus Seen really well at Cristalino and Carajas. Narrow-billed Woodcreeper – Lepidocolaptes angustirostris Common at the Pantanal and also seen at Cipo. (E) Scaled Woodcreeper – Lepidocolaptes squamatus Great views at Caraca and Itatiaia National Park. Scaloped Woodcreeper – Lepidocolaptes falcinellus Seen well at Intervales State Park. Curve-billed Scythebill – Campylorhamphus procurvoides Fantastic views at Cristalino. Red-billed Scythebill - Campylorhamphus trochilirostris Seen a few times at the Pantanal. Black-billed Scythebill – Campylorhamphus falcularius Seen really well at Itatiaia. Ovenbirds FURNARIIDAE (E) Wing-banded Hornero – Furnarius figulus Seen at Itatiaia NP area. Pale-legged Hornero – Furnarius leucopus Common. Rufous Hornero – Furnarius rufus Common. Araucaria Tit-Spinetail – Leptasthenura setaria Great views at Itatiaia.

Chotoy Spinetail – Schoeniophylax phryganophila Seen well a couple of times at the Pantanal. Sooty-fronted Spinetail – Synallaxis frontalis Good looks at Carajas. Pale-breasted Spinetail – Synallaxis albescens Seen well at Canastra. Ruddy Spinetail – Synallaxis rutilans Great looks at Carajas. Two very responsive birds showed up really well. Spix’s Spinetail – Synallaxis spixi Fairly common in SE Brazil. (E) Rufous-capped Spinetail – Synallaxis ruficapilla Excellent looks in SE Brazil. Cinereous-breasted Spinetail – Synallaxis hypospodia Fairly common at the Southern end of Transpantaneira road. White-lored Spinetail – Synallaxis albilora Good looks at the Pantanal. Gray-bellied Spinetail – Synallaxis cinerascens One single bird seen at Itatiaia NP. (E) Pallid Spinetail – Cranioleuca pallida Fairly common at Caraca, Itatiaia and Intervales. Rusty-backed Spinetail – Cranioleuca vulpine Excellent views at the Pantanal. Speckled Spinetail – Cranioleuca gutturata* Heard at Cristalino. Point-tailed Palmcreeper – Berlepschia rikeri 2 birds seen well on the way back to Alta Floresta. Chestnut-winged Hookbill – Ancistrops strigilatus* Heard a few times at Cristalino.

Rusty-backed Spinetail - ©Fred Tavares

Yellow-chinned Spinetail – Certhiaxis cinnamomea Common at the Pantanal. (E) Itatiaia Thistletail – Asthenes moreirae Excellent views at Itatiaia NP. This is a range restricted species only found in the highlands in SE Brazil. (E) Cipo Canastero – Asthenes luizae What a view!!! A very responsive bird gave us a show. Rufous-fronted Thornbird – Phacellodomus rufifrons Orange-breasted Thornbird – Phacellodomus ferrugineigula Seen well on a marsh area between Ubatuba and Sao Paulo. (E) Orange-eyed Thornbird – Phacellodomus erythrophthalmus Great looks at Caraca. Greater Thornbird – Phacellodomus rubber Seen once at Porto Jofre, Pantanal. Firewood Gatherer – Annumbius annumbi Seen really well at Canastra NP. Gray-crested Cacholote – Pseudoseisura unirufa Very common at the Pantanal

Ochre-breasted Foliage-Gleaner – Philydor lichtensteini Excellent looks at Itatiaia and Intervales. Rufous-tailed Foliage-Gleaner – Philydor ruficaudatum Seen well a few times at Cristalino. Cinnamon-rumped Foliage-Gleaner – Philydor pyrrhodes* Heard at Cristalino. Black-capped Foliage-Gleaner – Philydor atricapillus One bird seen well at Ubatuba area. Rufous-rumped Foliage-Gleaner – Philydor erythrocercum Seen once at Cristalino. Buff-fronted Foliage-Gleaner – Philydor rufus Fairly common at the rain forest areas we visited in SE Brazil. (E) White-collared Foliage-Gleaner – Anabazenops fuscus Excellent view of this endemic at Itatiaia. (E) Para Foliage-Gleaner – Automolus paraensis Seen at Carajas National Forest. It was very scarce this time. One bird was seen briefly. It kept around calling but decide not to cooperate more. (E) Buff-throated Foliage-Gleaner – Automolus ochrolaemus Seen well at Cristalino. Chestnut-crowned Foliage-Gleaner – Automolus rufipileatus One single bird seen well at Carajas. Buff-browed Foliage-Gleaner – Syndactyla rufosuperciliata Seen well at Itatiaia and Intervales. White-eyed Foliage-Gleaner – Automolus leucophthalmus Excellent looks at Caraca. Sharp-tailed Streamcreeper – Lochmias nematura* Heard several times in SE Brazil. Sharp-billed Treehunter – Heliobletus contaminatus Seen really well at Itatiaia and again at Intervales State Park. Slender-billed Xenops – Xenops tenuirostris Seen well at Cristalino.

Plain Xenops – Xenops minutus Seen a few times at Cristalino and Carajas. Streaked Xenops – Xenops rutilans Pretty common in SE Brazil. Tyrant Flycatchers TYRANNIDAE Black-chested Tyrant – Taeniotriccus Andrei What a beauty!!! We had great looks at Carajas. This is species with a very restricted and weird distribution. It is poorly known and it seems to be pretty rare. It likes dense bamboo patches and dense lower growth of terra firme forest. Ochre-bellied Flycatcher – Mionectes oleaginous Seen at Cristalino. Gray-hooded Flycatcher – Mionectes rufiventris Seen well at Caraca and heard a few times in SE Brazil. Sepia-capped Flycatcher – Leptopogon amaurocephalus Amazingly scarce through out the trip. Drab-breasted Bamboo-Tyrant – Hemitriccus diops Seen well at Caraca. Brown-breasted Bamboo-Tyrant – Hemitriccus obsoletus Seen well at Itatiaia and Intervales. (E) Eye-ringed Tody-Tyrant – Hemitriccus orbitatus One bird seen at Folha Seca in Ubatuba. White-bellied Tody-Tyrant – Hemitriccus griseipectus Seen at Carajas. Zimmer’s Tody-Tyrant – Hemitriccus minimus Seen at Cristalino. Stripe-necked Tody-Tyrant – Hemitriccus striaticollis* Heard at the Pantanal. (E) Hangnest Tody-Tyrant – Hemitriccus nidipendulus Great looks at Caraca. Pearly-vented Tody-Tyrant – Hemitriccus margaritaceiventer Seen at the “Canga” areas at Carajas. (E) Fork-tailed Tody-Tyrant – Hemitriccus furcatus

We missed this bird in 2012 in our NE Brazil trip. For a while the bird insisted in not showing up again. After hard work we manage to have a great look on a pair on the southern coast of Rio State. Snethlage’s Tody-Tyrant – Hemitriccus minor Brief view at Carajas. Eared Pygmy-Tyrant – Myiornis auricularis Seen at Intervales. Helmeted Pygmy-Tyrant – Lophotriccus galeatus Seen at Cristalino. Black-and-white Tody-Tyrant – Poecilotriccus capitalis This is another very localized species with a weird distribution and also likes bamboo and dense lower growth on forest borders in the Amazon. Slate-headed Tody-Flycatcher – Poecilotriccus sylvia Seen really well at Carajas. Rusty-fronted Tody-Flycatcher – Poecilotriccus latirostris Fairly common at the Pantanal. Ochre-faced Tody-Flycatcher – Poecilotriccus plumbeiceps Seen very well at Caraca, Itatiaia and Intervales. (E) Yellow-lored Tody-Flycatcher – Todirostrum poliocephalum Pretty common in SE Brazil. Common Tody-Flycatcher – Todirostrum cinereum Common at the Pantanal. Yellow-browed Tody-Flycatcher – Todirostrum chrysocrotaphum Daily seen at Cristalino. Rough-legged Tyrannulet – Tyranniscus burmeisteri Seen well at Ubatuba and Intervales. Planalto Tyrannulet – Phyllomias fasciatus Seen at Caraca. (E) Gray-capped Tyrannulet – Phyllomyias griseocapilla Good looks at Agulhas Negras road at Itatiaia NP. Greenish Tyrannulet – Phyllomyias virescens

Forest Elaenia – Myiopagis gaimardii* Yellow-bellied Elaenia – Elaenia flavogaster Large Elaenia – Elaenia spectabilis White-crested Elaenia – Elaenia albiceps Seen well at Canastra. Small-billed Elaenia – Elaenia parvirostris Seen at Cipo. Plain-crested Elaenia – Elaenia cristata Fairly common at Cipo and Canastra. Lesser Elaenia – Elaenia chiriquensis Seen at Cipo. Highland Elaenia – Elaenia obscura Seen at Caraca and Itatiaia. Olivaceous Elaenia – Elaenia mesoleuca Seen at Canastra and Intervales. White-lored Tyrannulet – Ornithion inerme Seen at Cristalino. Southern Beardless Tyrannulet – Camptostoma obsoletum Fairly common. White-crested Tyrannulet – Serpophaga subcristata Seen up in the mountains at Itatiaia. Sooty Tyrannulet – Serpophaga nigricans Seen at Cipo and Canastra. Mouse-colored Tyrannulet – Phaeomyias murina Seen at Cipo. Yellow Tyrannulet – Capsiempis flaveola Seen at Canastra. Sharp-tailed Tyrant – Culicivora caudacuta One of the joys from the vast Grassland areas at Canastra. (E) Gray-backed Tachuri – Polystictus superciliaris

Fantastic views at Cipo. Subtropical Doradito – Pseudocolypteryx acutipenis Seen at the Pantanal. Guaianan Tyrannulet – Zimmerius acer Seen at Carajas. First time we saw it we got a bit confused. It was confirmed after using the playback and a very responsive bird came to confirm it. Mottle-cheeked Tyrannulet – Phylloscartes ventralis Seen well at Caraca and Itatiaia NP. (E) Bay-ringed Tyrannulet – Phylloscartes sylviolus* Heard it twice at Intervales. (E) Oustalet’s Tyrannulet – Phylloscartes oustaleti Seen really well at Intervales. (E) Sao Paulo Tyrannulet – Phylloscartes paulista One bird seen at Pereque and it was also heard at Intervales. (E) Serra do Mar Tyrannulet – Phylloscartes difficilis Seen really well at Itatiaia NP. Amazonian Tyrannulet – Inezia subflava Excellent views at Cristalino.

Amazonian Tyrannulet - ©Fred Tavares

Olivaceous Flatbill – Rhynchocyclus olivaceus Seen at Carajas.

Yellow-olive Flycatcher – Tolmonyias sulphurecens Common. Yellow-breasted Flycatcher or Ochre-lored Tolmomyias – Tolmomyias flaviventris Seen well at Carajas. White-crested Spadebill – Platyrinchus platyrinchus Seen at Cristalino. White-throated Spadebill – Platyrinchus mystaceus Good views at Guaramiranga, Crato, Murici and Jaqueira. Royal Flycatcher – Onychorhynchus coronatus Excellent views of a bird working on a nest at Cristalino.

Royal Flycatcher - ©Fred Tavares

(E) Atlantic Royal Flycatcher – Onychorhynchus swainsoni Great looks of one bird at Intervales. Bran-colored Flycatcher – Myiophobus fasciatus Whiskered Flycatcher – Myiobius barbatus Seen at Itatiaia. Black-tailed Flycatcher – Myiobius atricaudus Seen once at Carajas.Cliff Flycatcher – Hirundinea ferruginea Fairly common in SE Brazil. Euler’s Flycatcher – Lathrotriccus euleri Seen a few times during the trip.

Fuscous Flycatcher – Cnemotriccus fuscatus Olive-sided Flycatcher – Contopus cooperi Seen once at Cristalino. Blackish Pewee – Contopus nigrescens Excellent scope view at Carajas. Another Amazon specie with a weird distribution. It is not seen very often at Carajas. Tropical Pewee – Contopus cinereus Seen at Ubatuba. Crested Black-Tyrant – Knipolegus lophotes Fairly common at Canastra. (E) Velvety Black-Tyrant – Knipolegus nigerrimus Very good views at Caraca. Blue-billed Black-Tyrant – Knipolegus cyanirostris Seen well on the upper section of Itatiaia NP. Gray Monjita – Xolmis cinerea Seen at Canastra NP area. White-rumped Monjita – Xolmis velata Shear-tailed Gray-Tyrant – Muscipipra vetula Excellent views at Itatiaia and Intervales State Park.

Shear-tailed Gray-Tyrant - ©Fred Tavares

Drab Water-Tyrant – Ochthornis littoralis

Seen at Cristalino. Black-backed Water-Tyrant – Fluvicola albiventer Common at the Pantanal. Masked Water-Tyrant – Fluvicola nengeta Common in SE Brazil. White-headed Marsh-Tyrant – Arundinicola leucocephala Showed up a few times. Cock-tailed Tyrant – Alectrurus tricolor What a fantastic bird!!! Another joy from the Grasslands at Canastra. We saw several breeding males with beautiful plumage. It is always great to see them.

Cock-tailed Tyrant - ©Fred Tavares

Streamer-tailed Tyrant – Gubernetes yetapa Another fantastic bird with a great display. Excellent views! Yellow-browed Tyrant – Satrapa icterophrys One bird seen briefly at Canastra. Long-tailed Tyrant – Colonia colonus Seen a few times during the trip. Cattle Tyrant – Machetornis rixosus Piratic Flycatcher – Legatus leucophaius

Social Flycatcher – Myiozetetes similis One of the most common birds in SE Brazil, seen almost everyday. Rusty-margined Flycatcher – Myiozetetes cayanensis Fairly common. Dusky-chested Flycatcher – Myiozetetes luteiventris Seen really well at Cristalino. Great Kiskadee – Pitangus sulphuratus Another very common specie. Lesser Kiskadee – Philohydor lictor Seen a few times. Three-striped Flycatcher – Conopias trivirgata We got one single bird at Intervales. Sometimes is pretty difficult to have a decent view, as the bird is often way on the top of the trees. This time we had a scope view for a while. Streaked Flycatcher – Myiodynastes maculates Seen a few times this year. Boat-billed Flycatcher – Megarynchus pitangua Fairly common. Variegated Flycatcher – Empidonomus varius Crowned Slaty-Flycatcher – Griseotyrannus aurantioatrocristata Seen at Cipo. White-throated Kingbird – Tyrannus albogularis Seen at Carajas. Tropical Kingbird – Tyrannus melancholicus Common. Fork-tailed Flycatcher – Tyrannus savanna Loads of them seen on several different localities. Pale-bellied Mourner – Rhytipterna immunda One bird seen really well at the “Canga” area at Carajas. Grayish Mourner – Rhytipterna simplex Seen well at Cristalino and Carajas.

Sirystes – Sirystes sibilator Seen at Carajas, Caraca, Itatiaia and Intervales. Rufous Casiornis – Casiornis rufus Seen at the Pantanal. Dusky-capped Flycatcher – Myiarchus tuberculifer Seen well at Cristalino. Swainson’s Flycatcher – Myiarchus swainsoni Seen at the Pantanal and SE Brazil. Short-crested Flycatcher – Myiarchus ferox Brown-crested Flycatcher – Myiarchus tyrannulus Rufous-tailed Flatbill – Ramphotrigon ruficauda Excellent view at Cristalino. Dusky-tailed Flatbill – Ramphotrigon fuscicauda Also seen well at Cristalino. Large-headed Flatbill – Ramphotrigon megacephalum Seen at Cristalino and again at Itatiaia National Park. (E) Gray-hooded Attila – Attila rufus Excellent views at Itatiaia and Intervales. Rufous-tailed Attila – Attila phoenicurus Seen every day at Intervales. Excellent views of this beautiful flycatcher. Dull-capped Attila – Attila bolivianus Common at the Pantanal. Cinnamon Attila – Attila cinnamomeus Another beautiful Attila we saw well at Cristalino. Cotingas COTINGIDAE Amazonian Umbrellabird – Cephalopterus ornatus Seen really well at Cristalino. What a bird! (E) Hooded Berryeater – Carpornis cucullata Seen really well at Intervales State Park. Purple-breasted Cotinga – Cotinga cotinga Excellent scope views of a female Carajas National Forest.

Spangled Cotinga – Cotinga cayana Great views at Cristalino and again at Carajas. (E) Black-and-gold Cotinga – Tijuca atra Excellent views at Itatiaia NP. What a nice call!

Black-and-gold Cotinga - ©Fred Tavares

White Bellbird – Procnias albus What a bird!!! We had great scope views at Carajas. Male and female were seen well. We also heard them vocalizing a lot. For sure it was one of the birds of the trip for me. (E) Bare-throated Bellbird – Procnias nudicollis Another fantastic Cotingidae. We first saw it well at Ubatuba and then at Intervales. Screaming Piha – Lipaugus vociferans Very common at the Amazon. (E) Cinnamon-vented Piha – Lipaugus lanioides Seen once at Intervales State Park. Purple-throated Cotinga – Porphyrolaema porphyrolaema A female was seen really well at Cristalino. (E) White-tailed Cotinga – Xipholena lamellipennis FANTASTIC!!!! What a great bird. It was seen really well at Carajas. Pompadour Cotinga – Xipholena punicea Absolutely stunning views from the tower at Cristalino. What a bird!!!

Pompadour Cotinga - ©Fred Tavares

Guaianan Red-Cotinga – Phoenicircus camifex Wow!!! Fantastic scope views of this gorgeous Cotinga. For sure that is on my list of the favorite birds of the trip. Bare-necked Fruitcrow – Gymnoderus foetidus Seen a few times in the Amazon. Red-ruffed Fruitcrow – Pyroderus scutatus Great views at Caraca, Ubatuba and Intervales. Manakins PIPRIDAE Pale-bellied Tyrant-Manakin – Neopelma pallescens* Heard at Carajas. Serra do Mar Tyrant-Manakin – Neopelma aurifrons Seen well at Caraca and again at Intervales. Dwarf Tyrant-Manakin – Tyranneutes stolzmanni Great looks at Cristalino. Wing-barred Piprites – Piprites chloris* Heard at Cristalino and Intervales. (E) Black-capped Piprites – Piprites pileatus Seen well at Itatiaia NP. (E) Pin-tailed Manakin – Ilicura militaris Seen well at Caraca.

Fiery-capped Manakin – Machaeropterus pyrocephalus Seen well at Carajas, what a beauty! White-bearded Manakin – Manacus manacus Good views of this attractive specie at Pereque. Helmeted Manakin – Antilophia galeata We had excellent views at the Pantanal.

Helmeted Manakin - ©Fred Tavares

Blue-backed Manakin – Chiroxiphia pareola* Heard at Cristalino. Blue Manakin – Chiroxiphia caudate Excellent views at Caraca, Itatiaia and Intervales. Flame-crowned Manakin – Heterocercus lineatus Fantastic view at Cristalino. White-crowned Manakin – Dixiphia pipra Fairly common at Cristalino. Band-tailed Manakin – Pipra fasciicauda One single bird was seen at Cristalino. Red-headed Manakin – Pipra rubrocapilla Common at Cristalino and Carajas.

(E) Opal-crowned Manakin – Lepidothrix iris What a nice looking Manakin. This is a pretty rare and very localized species. We manage to have excellent views of a male at Carajas.

Opal-crowned Manakin - ©Fred Tavares

Snow-capped Manakin – Lepidothrix nattereri Another good looking Manakin that we saw really well at Cristalino. Tityras and Allies TITYRIDAE Sharpbill – Oxyruncus cristatus Great view at Intervales. Greenish Schiffornis – Schiffornis virescens Seen well at Itatiaia and Intervales. (E) Brown-winged Schiffornis – Schiffornis turdinus Seen at Cristalino. Note that the old Thrush-like Shiffornis ahs been split into 5 species. The other that occurs in Brazil is forund in North Central Brazil and the Guyanas - Guianan Schiffornis Schiffornis olivacea Cinereous Mourner – Laniocera hypopyrra* Heard at Cristalino. White-browed Purpletuft – Iodopleura isabellae Great looks at Cristalino. Black-crowned Tityra – Tityra inquisitor Seen at the Pantanal, Carajas and Itatiaia NP.

Black-tailed Tityra – Tityra cayana Seen at Intervales State Park. Masked Tityra – Tityra semifasciata Seen at Cristalino. Chestnut-crowned Becard – Pachyramphus castaneus Seen at Itatiaia and Ubatuba. White-winged Becard – Pachyramphus polychopterus Seen at Carajas and Intervales. Pink-throated Becard – Pachyramphus minor One bird seen really well at Cristalino. Black-capped Becard – Pachyramphus marginatus Seen both days at Itacaré. Crested Becard – Pachyramphus validus Vireos VIREONIDAE Rufous-browed Pepper-Shrike – Cyclarhis gujanensis Fairly common along the trip. Slaty-capped Shrike-Vireo – Vireolanius leucotis Fantastic look from the tower at Cristalino. Red-eyed Vireo – Vireo olivaceous Ashy-headed Greenlet – Hylophilus pectoralis Common at the Pantanal. (E) Gray-eyed Greenlet – Hylophilus amaurocephalus Seen once at Caraca. Rufous-crowned Greenlet – Hylophilus poicilotis Seen well at Itatiaia and Intervales. Gray-chested Greenlet – Hylophilus semicinereus One bird seen at Cristalino. Tawny-crowned Greenlet – Hylophilus ochraceiceps Good view at Cristalino.

Lemon-chested Greenlet – Hylophilus thoracicus One bird seen at Pereque. Crows CORVIDAE Curl-crested Jay – Cyanocorax cristatellus Great views at Cipo. The first time we saw it there at least 6 individuals at the same place making lots of noise. Purplish Jay – Cyanocorax cyanomelas Common at the Pantanal. Swallows HIRUNDINIDAE Black-collared Swallow – Pygochelidon melanoleuca One bird seen at Carajas. White-banded Swallow – Atticora fasciata Common at Cristalino. Blue-and-white Swallow – Notiochelidon cyanoleuca Very common in SE Brazil. Southern Rough-winged Swallow – Stelgidopteryx ruficollis Brown-chested Martin – Progne tapera Purple Martin – Progne subis Seen at Cristalino and Carajas. Gray-breasted Martin – Progne chalybea Tawny-headed Swallow – Alopochelidon fucata Seen well at Canastra National Park. White-winged Swallow – Tachycineta albiventer Common at the Pantanal. White-rumped Swallow – Tachycineta leucorrhoa Seen several times during the trip. Barn Swallow – Hirundo rustica Seen once at the Pantanal. Cliff Swallow – Pertochelidon pyrrhonota Seen once at the Pantanal.

Wrens TROGLODYTIDAE Scaly-breasted Wren – Microcerculus marginatus* Heard twice at Carajas. Tooth-billed Wren – Odontorchilus cinereus Great looks from the tower at Cristalino. Southern House Wren – Troglodytes musculus Thrush-like Wren – Campylorhynchus turdinus* Very common at the Pantanal. Moustached Wren – Thryothorus genibarbis Heard several times at the Pantanal and it was finally seen at Cristalino. Sedge Wren – Cistothorus platensis Very good looks at Canastra NP. Buff-breasted Wren – Cantorchilus guarayanus Seen well at he Pantanal and Cristalino. Fawn-breasted Wren – Cantorchilus longirostris Seen at the Pantanal. Coraya Wren – Pheugopedius coraya* Heard several times at Cristalino and Carajas. Donacobius DONACOBIIDAE Black-capped Donacobius – Donacobius atricapilla Gnatwrens POLIOPTILIDAE Long-billed Gnatwren – Ramphocaenus melanurus Seen at Cristalino and Intervales State Park. Masked Gnatcatcher – Polioptila dumicola Fairly common at the Pantanal. Thrushes TURDIDAE Veery – Catharus fuscescens One bird seen at Cristalino. It was a lifer for Jorge who Yellow-legged Thrush – Platycichla flavipes Fairly common in SE Brazil. Rufous-bellied Thrush – Turdus rufiventris Common.

Pale-breasted Thrush – Turdus leucomelas Also common. Hauxwell’s Thrush – Turdus hauxwelli* Heard once at Cristalino. Cocoa Thrush – Turdus furmigatus Seen once at Carajas. Creamy-bellied Thrush – Turdus amaurochalinus Common in SE Brazil. White-necked Thrush – Turdus albicollis Seen well at Caraca, Itatiaia and Intervales. Mockingbirds MIMIDAE Chalk-browed Mockingbird – Mimus saturninus Fairly common. Pipits MOTACILLIDAE Yellowish Pipit – Anthus lutescens Seen once at the Pantanal. (E) Ochre-breasted Pipit – Anthus nattereri Excellent views at Canastra. Hellmayr’s Pipit – Anthus hellmayri Great look at Cipo. Bananaquit COEREBIDAE Bananaquit – Coereba flaveola Very common. Tanagers and allies THRAUPIDAE Black-throated Grosbeak – Saltator fuliginosus Seen at Intervales. Buff-throated Saltator – Saltator maximus Slate-colored Grosbeak – Saltator grossus Seen well at Cristalino and Carajas. (E) Thick-billed Saltator – Saltator maxillosus Excellent view at Itatiaia NP.

Green-winged Saltator – Saltator similis Seen several times in SE Brazil. Grayish Saltator – Saltator caerulescens Common at the Pantanal. Black-throated Saltator – Saltator atricollis Seen well at Cipo. Yellow-shouldered Grosbeak – Parkerthraustes humeralis Scope views from the tower at Cristalino. What a nice looking bird. (E) Cinnamon Tanager – Schistochlamys ruficapillus Excellent views at Cipo and Canastra. Black-faced Tanager – Schistochlamys melanopis Good views at Carajas. Magpie Tanager – Cissopis leveriana Seen well at Caraca, Itatiaia and Intervales. Another very nice looking bird. Red-billed Pied-Tanager – Lamprospiza melanoleuca Great views at Cristalino and Carajas.

Red-billed Pied-Tanager - ©Fred Tavares

White-banded Tanager – Neothraupis fasciata Great views of male and female at Cipo.

Hooded Tanager – Nemosia pileata Seen well at the Pantanal and Cipo. Orange-headed Tanager – Thlypopsis sordida Seen very well at Cipo. White-rumped Tanager – Cypsnagra hirundinacea What a nice bird!!! Seen it displaying at Canastra NP. Black-goggled Tanager – Trichothraupis melanops A pretty common specie that was amazingly scarce this time. Seen only a couple of times. Ruby-crowned Tanager – Tachyphonus coronatus Fairly common in SE Brazil. Flame-crested Tanager – Tachyphonus cristatus Seen well at Cristalino and Ubatuba. White-shouldered Tanager – Tachyphonus luctuosus Common at Carajas. (E) Brown Tanager – Orchesticus abeillei Seen really well at Itatiaia and Intervales. Diademed Tanager – Stephanophorus diadematus Seen well at Itatiaia and Intervales State Park. (E) Olive-green Tanager – Orthogonys chloroicterus Great views at Itatiaia NP.

Olive-green Tanager - ©Fred Tavares

White-winged Shrike-Tanager – Lanio versicolor Seen well at Cristalino and Carajas.

White-winged Shrike-Tanager - ©Fred Tavares

Gray-headed Tanager – Eucometis penicillata* Heard at the Pantanal. (E) Brazilian Tanager – Ramphocelus bresilius Excellent views of this beauty at Ubatuba area. Silver-beaked Tanager – Ramphocelus carbo Fairly common at the Pantanal, Cristalino and Carajas. Blue-gray Tanager – Thraupis episcopus Common at the Amazon. Sayaca Tanager – Thraupis sayaca Common. (E) Azure-shouldered Tanager – Thraupis cyanoptera Seen really well at Ubatuba and Intervales. (E) Golden-chevroned Tanager – Thraupis ornata Common at Itatiaia, Ubatuba and Intervales. Palm Tanager – Thraupis palmarum Very common.

Fawn-breasted Tanager – Pipraidea melanonota Seen at Itatiaia National Park. (E) Turquoise Tanager – Tangara mexicana Great looks at Cristalino. Masked Tanager – Tangara nigrocincta Seen well at Cristalino and Carajas. Spotted Tanager – Tangara punctata Seen several times at Carajas, pretty bird. Paradise Tanager – Tangara chilensis Absolutely stunning from one of the towers at Cristalino, what a nice looking bird! Green-headed Tanager – Tangara seledon Another really attractive Tangara species, often seen in SE Brazil. It is pretty common but always provides great photos and almost anybody with a camera resist to try a shot.

Green-headed Tanager - ©Fred Tavares

Red-necked Tanager – Tangara cyanocephala Common at Ubatuba area. Bay-headed Tanager – Tangara gyrola Another stunning specie seen really well from the towers at Cristalino. (E) Brassy-breasted Tanager – Tangara desmaresti Another beautiful Tangara that gave us a nice show at Caraca. This Brazilian endemic was seen at Itatiaia National Park.

Brassy-breasted Tanager - ©Fred Tavares

(E) Gilt-edged Tanager – Tangara cyanoventris Seen well at Caraca and Itatiaia.

Gilt-edged Tanager - ©Fred Tavares

Burnished-buff Tanager – Tangara cayana (E) Opal-rumped Tanager – Tangara velia Great a looks at Cristalino. Chestnut-backed Tanager – Tangara preciosa Excellent views of male and female at Intervales.

Swallow Tanager – Tersina viridis Seen a few times in SE Brazil. Black-faced Dacnis – Dacnis lineata Seen well at Cristalino. Yellow-bellied Dacnis – Dacnis flaviventer Excellent look of a male at Cristalino.

Yellow-bellied Dacnis - ©Fred Tavares

Blue Dacnis – Dacnis cayana Common. (E) Black-legged Dacnis – Dacnis nigripes Amazing how common they were this time at Intervales, it was daily seen. Purple Honeycreeper – Cyanerpes caeruleus What a pretty bird!!! Great looks at Cristalino. Red-legged Honeycreeper – Cyanerpes cyaneus Another beauty we saw well at Carajas. Green Honeycreeper – Chlorophanes spiza Great looks at Cristalino and Ubatuba. Guira Tanager – Hemithraupis guira Seen well at Canastra.

(E) Rufous-headed Tanager – Hemithraupis ruficapilla Another very nice looking bird. We saw it at Caraca and Itatiaia. Yellow-backed Tanager – Hemithraupis flavicollis Seen well from the tower at Cristalino. Chestnut-vented Conebill – Conirostrum speciosum Seedeaters EMBEREZIDAE Rufous-collared Sparrow – Zonotrichia capensis Common. Grassland Sparrow – Ammodramus humeralis Stripe-tailed Yellow-Finch – Sicalis citrina Fairly common at Canastra NP. Saffron Finch – Sicalis flaveola Wedge-tailed Grass-Finch – Emberizoides herbicola Very good looks at Cipo and Canastra. (E) Pale-throated Serra-Finch – Embernagra longicauda* Heard at Caraca. We didn’t invest time looking for it as we did see it well before in NE Brazil. Great Pampa-Finch – Embernagra platensis Seen at Canastra NP. Blue-black Grassquit – Volatinia jacarina Very common. Plumbeous Seedeater – Sporophila plumbea We saw dozens of them at Canastra NP. Lined Seedeater – Sporophila lineola Seen at Carajas and Itatiaia. Yellow-bellied Seedeater – Sporophila nigricollis Common in Minas Gerais. Rusty-collared Seedeater – Sporophila collaris Common at the Pantanal. Tawny-bellied Seedeater – Sporophila hypoxantha Great looks at Porto Jofre, Pantanal.

Double-collared Seedeater – Sporophila caerulescens Seen a few times in SE Brazil. White-bellied Seedeater – Sporophila leucoptera Seen at the Pantanal and Canastra. At the Pantanal we saw a Bolivian race which was the first time I saw it at the Pantanal. When we saw it we all agree it was slightly different from the previous specimens we’ve seen before. The bill was completely pale and the upper part was very dark instead of the gray on the Brazilian race. There are two species involved waiting to be recognized. Pearly-bellied Seedeater– Sporophilai pileata Great looks at Canastra National Park. Capped Seedeater was recently split into Coppery Seedeater (NE and SE Brazil) and Pearly-bellied Seedeater (NE Bolivia, Central and Southern Brazil) Wing-barred Seedeater – Sporophila americana One bird seen at Carajas Airport area. Chestnut-bellied Seed-Finch – Oryzoborus angolensis Great view at the Pantanal and Carajas. Blue Finch – Porphyrospiza caerulescens Excellent view of a very responsive male at Cipo and seen again at Canastra. Black-masked Finch – Coryphaspiza melanotis Fantastic views at Canastra NP. Another joy from the grasslands. Red-crested Finch – Coryphospingus cucullatus One bird seen really well at the Pantanal. Cinereous Warbling-Finch – Poospiza cinerea Seen well at Canastra. It was pretty hard to find it this time. (E) Buff-throated Warbling-Finch – Poospiza laterallis Excellent views at the upper part of Itatiaia NP and again at Intervales. (E) Bay-chested Warbling-Finch – Poospiza thoracica Also seen well at the upper part of Itatiaia NP. Red-capped Cardinal – Paroaria gularis Seen a couple of times at Cristalino. Yellow-billed Cardinal – Paroaria capitata Very common at the Pantanal. Red-crested Cardinal – Paroaria coronata

Seen at the Pantanal. CARDINALIDAE Red-crowend Ant-Tanager – Habia rubica Great looks at Cristalino, Itatiaia and Intervales. Rose-breasted Chat – Grannatelus pelzeni Very good views at Cristalino. Blue-black Grosbeak – Cyanocompsa cyanoides* Heard at Cristalino. New World Warblers PARULIDAE Tropical Parula – Setophaga pitiayumi Masked Yellowthroat – Geothlypis aequinoctialis White-bellied Warbler – Myiothlypis hypoleucus Seen at Caraca. (E) White-striped Warbler – Myiothlypis leucophrys Great looks at Canastra NP. White-browed Warbler – Basileuterus leucoblepharus Seen at Caraca and hear at Itatiaia and Intervales. Flavescent Warbler – Myiothlypis flaveolus Seen at the Pantanal. Neotropical River Warbler – Myiothlypis rivularis Seen at Ubatuba area. Golden-crowned Warbler – Basileuterus culicivorus Fairly common in SE Brazil. Blackbirds ICTERIDAE Green Oropendola – Psarocolius viridis Seen well at Carajas. Crested Oropendola – Psarocolius decumanus Common. Olive Oropendola – Psarocolius bifasciatus Fairly common at Cristalino. Solitary Cacique – Cacicus solitarius

Common at the Pantanal. Red-rumped Cacique – Cacicus haemorrhous Golden-winged Cacique – Cacicus chrysopterus Common visitor at the feeder at Itatiaia and Intervales. Yellow-rumped Cacique – Cacicus cela Common at the Pantanal and Cristalino. Epaulet Oriole – Icterus cayanensis Orange-backed Troupial – Icterus croconotus What a nice looking bird! Common at the Pantanal. Chopi Blackbird – Gnorimopsar chopi Very common. Chestnut-capped Blackbird – Chrysomus ruficapillus Seen a few times in SE Brazil. Yellow-rumped Marshbird – Pseudoleistes guirahuro Great views at Cipo, Canastra and Intervales. Baywing Cowbird – Agelaioides badius Common in the Pantanal. Unicolored Blackbird – Agelasticus cyanopus Fairly common at the Pantanal. Giant Cowbird – Moluthrus oryzivora Shiny Cowbird – Molothrus bonariensis Scarlet-headed Blackbird – Amblyramphus holosericeus Excellent looks of this stunning bird in the Pantanal. Red-breasted Blackbird – Sturnella militaris Seen on the drive between Alta Floresta and Cristalino. White-browed Blackbird – Sturnella superciliaris Seen only once at the Pantanal. Euphonias & Siskins FRINGILIIDAE Hooded Siskin – Carduelis magellanica We saw it really well at Canastra NP.

Purple-throated Euphonia – Euphonia chlorotica Thick-billed Euphonia – Euphonia laniirostris Seen at Cristalino. Green-chinned Euphonia – Euphonia chalybea One bird seen well at Intervales. White-vented Euphonia – Euphonia minuta Seen at Cristalino. Violaceous Euphonia – Euphonia violacea Common. Orange-bellied Euphonia – Euphonia xanthogaster Seen once at Cristalino. Rufous-bellied Euphonia – Euphonia rufiventris Seen a few times in the Amazon.

Rufous-bellied Euphonia - ©Fred Tavares

Chestnut-bellied Euphonia – Euphonia pectoralis Good views at Itatiaia and Ubatuba. Blue-naped Chlorophonia – Chlorophonia cyanea Seen at Itatiaia. Grassfinches ESTRILDIDAE

Common Waxbill – Estrilda astrild Sparrows PASSERIDAE House Sparrow – Passer domesticus Common. MAMMALS Anteaters Giant Anteater – Myrmecophaga tridactyla It is always great to watch an anteater. We had fantastic views at Canastra NP.

Giant Anteater - ©Fred Tavares

Primates (E) Black Tufted-Eared Marmoset – Callithrix penicilata Great looks at Caraca. This specie can be found in Cerrado (Savanna), Caatinga and also Atlantic Forest areas. It has the largest distribution from the genus Callithrix. It can be found even in big cities in Brazil, leaving on city parks and neighborhoods. Pantanal Marmoset – Mico melanurus Excellent looks at the Pantanal. Snethlage’s Marmoset – Mico emiliae Seen really well at Carajas.

(E) Masked Titi Monkey – Callicebus personatus Excellent views at Caraca and Itatiaia. This specie is restricted to the mountains of SE Brazil.

Masked Titi Monkey - ©Fred Tavares

Dusky Titi Monkey – Callicebus moloch Seen well at Cristalino. Black-and-gold Howler-Monkey – Alouatta caraya Great looks at the Pantanal, noisy creatures! (E) Brown Howler Monkey – Alouatta fusca* Heard at Intervales. Red-handed Howler Monkey – Alouatta belzebul We had very good views at Cristalino and Carajas. (E) White-whiskered Spider-Monkey – Ateles marginatus What a nice monkey!!! A range restricted specie with a pretty aggressive behavior. It is called by some locals as the “Tree shaker” as several times when you find them they start shaking trees to show you who is the boss. We had excellent views at Cristalino. White-nosed Saki-Monkey – Chiropotes albinaus Another fantastic Amazon primate specie that we had excellent views at Cristalino. Brown Capuchin Monkey – Cebus apella Seen well at the Pantanal and Cristalino.

Black Capuchin Monkey – Cebus nigritus Great looks at Itatiaia and Intervales. Black-headed Night-Monkey – Aotus nigriceps What a fantastic creature. It is always very suspicious and shy. After a few tries we got good views of it at Cristalino. Wild Dogs Maned Wolf – Chrysocyon brachyurus Seen well at Caraca both nights we were there. Crab-eating Fox – Cerdocyon thous Seen a couple of times at the Pantanal. Coatis and Racoons South-american Coati – Nasua nasua It was fairly common at the Pantanal. It was also seen at Carajas. Crab-eating Raccoon – Procyon cancrivorus One individual was seen on the first night drive we had at the Pantanal. Otters Tyra – Eira Barbara Seen well at Caraca and Intervales. Neotropical River Otter – Lontra longicaudis Excellent views!!! It was the first mammal we saw entering the Pantanal. Giant Otter – Pteronura brasiliensis Whenever we went on a boat ride around Cuiaba River we saw them.

Giant Otter - ©Fred Tavares

Wild Cats

Margay – Leopardus wiedii What a fantastic creature!!! And what a view we had of it!!! It was absolutely fantastic!!! Jaguar – Pantehra onca That was one of the main reasons of visiting the Pantanal. We did really well and had about 9 different sightings of Jaguars!!! It was great. We saw them resting, swimming, hunting, sleeping… Fantastic!!!

Jaguar - ©Fred Tavares

Jaguarundi – Puma yagouaroundi Fantastic looks at this not frequently seen cat. We saw it twice and both times we saw it well.

Brazilian Tapir - ©Fred Tavares

Tapirs

Brazilian Tapir – Tapirus terrestris Seen a couple of times at the Pantanal. One of the times we spent a few minutes watching a very relaxed one, check the photo. Peccaries Collared Peccary – Pecari tajacu Seen in one of the night drives at the Pantanal. Deers Marsh Deer – Blastocerus dichotomus It was seen well and a few times at the Pantanal. Gray Brocket Deer – Mazama gouazoubira Seen at the Pantanal and also at Carajas. Pampas Deer – Ozotocerus bezoarticus Very good looks at Canastra NP. Rodents Capybara – Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris Common at the Pantanal. Azara’s Agouti – Dasyprocta azarae Seen well at the Pantanal and Cristalino. Brazilian Cavy – Cavia aperea Seen once at Cipo. Guainan Squirrel – Sciurus aestuans Seen a few times in SE Brazil. Amazonian Squirrel – Sciurus spadiceus Seen well at Cristalino. Rabbits Brazilian Rabbit – Sylvilagus brasiliensis One seen at the Pantanal. Bats Greater Fishing Bat – Noctilio leporinus Great looks at the Pantanal. Long-nosed Bat – Rhynchonycteris naso A small colony was seen at the Pantanal.

Dolphins Common Dolphin – Delphinus delphis Seen at Ubatuba while we drove along the coast. Other Wild Life Smooth-fronted Caiman – Paleosuchus trigonatus Seen well at Cristalino. Yacare Caiman – Caiman yacare Very common at the Pantanal. Amazonian Racerunner – Ameiva ameiva Seen at the Pantanal and at the Amazon. Tegu Lizard – Tupinambis teguixin Fairly common at the Pantanal. Caiman Lizard – Dracaena guianensis We did see it!!! This rarely seen lizard was great surprise at the Pantanal. Green Iguana – Iguana iguana Fairly common at the Pantanal. Bothrops moojeni Seen at the Pantanal. Yellow Anaconda – Eunectes notaeus Excellent and very close view of one at the Southern end of Transpantaneira Road.

Yellow Anaconda - ©Fred Tavares

Side-necked Turtle – Acanthochelys sp.