Mandatory Requirements Specific Requirements 2000/ 2001/ 2003 IECC 1 LightingEnvelope Moisture Mechanical InfiltrationSHGC 1 Residential Energy Code Compliance

1

Mandatory RequirementsMandatory Requirements Specific RequirementsSpecific Requirements2000/ 2001/ 2003 IECC

1

Lighting Envelope Moisture MechanicalInfiltration SHGC

Residential Energy Code ComplianceIRC 2000

IECC 2000/2001/2003

U.S. Department of Energy U.S. Department of Energy Building Energy Codes ProgramBuilding Energy Codes Program

2


2


The Family of I-CodesThe Family of I-CodesThe Family of I-CodesThe Family of I-Codes

3


3


Structure of the IRCStructure of the IRCStructure of the IRCStructure of the IRC

Building Envelope IRC Chapter 3

Requirements for Insulation

IRC Chapter 4 Foundation waterproofing

and dampproofing Foundation drainage Foundation venting

IRC Chapter 5 Shallow frost foundations

IRC Chapter 7 Weather resistant

coverings for walls

IRC Chapter 8 Weather resistant

coverings for roof assemblies

Mechanical System IRC Chapter 14

Heating and cooling sizing calculations and sizing requirements

4


4


Relationship Between IRC and IECCRelationship Between IRC and IECCRelationship Between IRC and IECCRelationship Between IRC and IECC

Chapter 11“Sets forth energy-efficiency related requirements for the design and construction of buildings…..”

Section N1102.1 Residential Buildings, Detached One- and Two Family References IECC for buildings > 15% gross wall area

Section N1102.2 Residential Buildings, Townhouses References IECC for buildings > 25% gross wall area

Section N1103 Mechanical System References IECC Section 503.2 for HVAC Efficiency

Section N1104 Water Heating Efficiency References IECC Section 504.2 for water heating

efficiency

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5


Structure of the IECCStructure of the IECCStructure of the IECCStructure of the IECC

Chapter 1 Administrative & Enforcement Chapter 2 Definitions Chapter 3 Design Conditions Chapter 4 Residential - Systems Analysis Chapter 5 Residential - Component Performance Chapter 6 Simplified Prescriptive Requirements Chapter 7 ASHRAE 90.1-2001 Energy Code

Reference Chapter 8 Design by Acceptable Practice for

Commercial Buildings Chapter 9 Referenced Standards

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6


Presentation ReferencePresentation ReferencePresentation ReferencePresentation Reference

Code Section #

This presentation covers 2000/2001/2003 IECC Residential Requirements –

New 2001/2003 requirements are listed in red.

Code year covered in current presentation.

Requirement covered by material is

highlighted in red.Mandatory requirements such as moisture and infiltration control must usually be met regardless of location or design. Specific requirements such as insulation levels are based on the project

location (HDD) and window wall ratio.

Requirements are outlined in Chapter 5 (Section 502.1) of the IECC.

Requirements can be met by the approaches in Chapter 5 or the simplified tables of Chapter 6.

6

Mandatory RequirementsMandatory Requirements2000/ 2001/ 2003 IECC Lighting Envelope Moisture MechanicalInfiltration SHGCSection 501

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7


Overview of Residential Energy Codes Energy Code Compliance Options Energy Code Requirements

Mandatory Requirements Specific Requirements

Building Science Concepts Systems Design and the Code

Compliance Using REScheck (Case Study)

Residential Compliance OutlineResidential Compliance Outline

For additional training materials see www.energycodes.gov/training/presentations/

Basic Code Compliance Presentation

Building Science/ Code Compliance

Presentation

Case Study Presentation

Current Presentation

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8


IECC Code Compliance Options

Prescriptive .

Total Building Trade Off

Energy Analysis

Individual Component Basis

502.2.1

Energy Analysis

Chapter 4

Simplified Prescriptive

Chapter 6

Acceptable Practice

502.2.3

Total Building UA

502.2.2

Not covered in this

presentation.

Prescriptive Specification

502.2.4

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9


Prescriptive .

Total Building Trade Off

Energy Analysis

Prescriptive Package

Worksheet (manual)

Prescriptive Tables

Trade-off Worksheet (manual)

Software

REMdesign

REMrate

EnergyGauge

REScheck Package Generator

(Web-based)

REScheck Software

(Web-based & Desktop)

Code Compliance Tools

Not covered in this

presentation.

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Chapter 4 Residential – Systems AnalysisChapter 4 Residential – Systems AnalysisChapter 4 Residential – Systems AnalysisChapter 4 Residential – Systems Analysis

Requires a computer program Chapter 4 spells out additional essential types of input

values (not applicable in REScheck), such as:

House tightness (measured by test for “Final Rating;” projected for “From Plans Rating”)

Window solar access and orientation evaluated Duct tightness evaluated Water heating (appliance Energy Factor) Thermal mass present

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11


BECP Code Compliance ToolsBECP Code Compliance ToolsBECP Code Compliance ToolsBECP Code Compliance Tools

Trade-off ApproachPrescriptive Approach

1. Prescriptive Tables / Printed Guides

2. COMcheck Web Package Generator

1. Prescriptive Tables & Printed Guides

2. REScheck Web Package Generator

Residential

Commercial1. COMcheck-EZ desktop software for

Windows2. COMcheck-Web software

1. REScheck desktop software for Windows and Mac with AreaCalc tool

2. REScheck-Web software

REScheck

COMcheck-EZ

• Simple, fast and easy• Generally most

stringent

• Requires minimum input

• Based on climate and WWR

• Uses a prototype building

• Trade-off between components• Provides design flexibility

• Requires area & U/R-factors• Uses UA calculation (REScheck) &

regression equations (COMcheck)

Web Based Tools

Web Based Tools

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ScopeScopeScopeScope

Detached one and two–family dwellings

R-2 (A-1) and R-4 (A-2) Residential Buildings containing 3 or more dwelling units where the occupants are permanent in nature and are 3 stories or less in height

Additions, including Sunrooms

Section 101

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ExceptionsExceptionsExceptionsExceptions

Very low energy use buildings (<3.4 Btu/h-ft2 or 1 watt/ft2)

Buildings (or portions of) that are neither heated nor cooled

Buildings designated as historic (Section 101.4.2.3)

Section 101.4.1

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Changes to OccupancyChanges to OccupancyChanges to OccupancyChanges to Occupancy

Section 101.4.1

Alterations to existing spaces Applies to only portions of the systems being altered Applies if alteration increases energy use Alterations must meet the requirements applying to the

altered component New systems in the alterations must comply

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15


Mixed Use BuildingsMixed Use BuildingsMixed Use BuildingsMixed Use Buildings

Section 101.4.1

Minor occupancy <10% of floor area Treat as major occupancy

Hotel/motel and commercial occupancies Treat as different commercial

occupancies Mixed residential and commercial

occupancies Treat the residential occupancy under

the applicable residential code Treat the commercial occupancy under

the commercial code

Residence

Office

Restaurant

Apartments

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Building EnvelopeBuilding EnvelopeBuilding EnvelopeBuilding Envelope

• The intent of the energy code is to regulate the design of the building envelope to enable the effective use of energy.

• The Building Envelope separates conditioned space from unconditioned space or the outdoors.

Conditioned space

attic

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Building EnvelopeBuilding EnvelopeBuilding EnvelopeBuilding Envelope

WD

BEDROOM #2

DEN

LIVINGROOM

NOOK

KITCHEN

3 CAR GARAGE

DECK

MASTERBEDROOM

MSTRBATH

DININGROOM

FAMILYROOM

ENTRY

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Building Envelope RequirementsBuilding Envelope RequirementsBuilding Envelope RequirementsBuilding Envelope Requirements

1) Mandatory Requirements: Moisture Control Recessed Cans Infiltration Control Solar Heat Gain Coefficient

2) Climate Specific Requirements: Foundations

Basements Slabs Crawlspaces

Above Grade Walls Skylights, Windows, and Doors Roofs

Section 502.1

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Moisture ControlMoisture ControlMoisture ControlMoisture Control

Why a Vapor Retarder?

Vapor travels from high pressure to low pressure. Moisture-laden air is literally "pushed" through penetrations in the building envelope. The moisture could damage the insulation and even the framing members, but a continuous vapor barrier helps prevent this from happening.

Section 502.1.1

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Vapor Retarders – Code RequirementsVapor Retarders – Code RequirementsVapor Retarders – Code RequirementsVapor Retarders – Code Requirements

Basic Requirements Install on “warm-in-winter side” of

insulation Use in unvented framed walls,

floors, and ceilings Must have perm rating of ≤ 1.0

per Procedure A of ASTM E 96

Section 502.1.1

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Vapor Retarder - ExceptionsVapor Retarder - ExceptionsVapor Retarder - ExceptionsVapor Retarder - Exceptions

Exceptions Climate Zones 1

through 7 (IECC Chapter 3)

In construction where moisture or its freezing won’t damage materials

If other approved means to avoid condensation are provided

States with no vapor retarder requirements (IECC 2001)

Section 502.1.1

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Vapor Retarders - OptionsVapor Retarders - OptionsVapor Retarders - OptionsVapor Retarders - Options

Section 502.1.1

Poly Vapor Retarder

Kraft-faced Vapor Retarder

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Vapor Retarders - ExamplesVapor Retarders - ExamplesVapor Retarders - ExamplesVapor Retarders - Examples

Section 502.1.1

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Recessed Lighting FixturesRecessed Lighting FixturesRecessed Lighting FixturesRecessed Lighting Fixtures

Type IC rated, with no penetrations between the inside of the recessed fixture and ceiling cavity (sealed and caulked)

Type IC or non-IC rated, installed inside a sealed box of ½" gypsum wallboard or other assembly manufactured for this purpose

Type IC rated, in accordance with ASTM E 283 to be an “Air-Tight” enclosure

Section 502.1.3

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25


Recessed Lighting FixturesRecessed Lighting FixturesRecessed Lighting FixturesRecessed Lighting Fixtures

Section 502.1.3

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What is Infiltration?What is Infiltration?What is Infiltration?What is Infiltration?

Airflow

Wind

+ -

Neutral Pressure Plane

Stack

+

-

• Infiltration is the unwanted air movement through a building and is caused by a pressure difference (air moves from high pressure to a lower pressure)

Section 502.1.4

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Areas for Air LeakageAreas for Air LeakageAreas for Air LeakageAreas for Air Leakage

Windows and doors Between sole plates Floors and exterior wall

panels Plumbing Electrical Service access doors or

hatches

Section 502.1.4

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Air Leakage ControlAir Leakage ControlAir Leakage ControlAir Leakage Control

Building envelope Sealed with caulking

materials or Closed with gasketing

systems Joints and seams sealed or

taped or covered with a moisture vapor-permeable wrapping material

Section 502.1.4.2

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Windows - SHGCWindows - SHGCWindows - SHGCWindows - SHGC

Solar Heat Gain Coefficient Requirements can be dependent

on projection factor

National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) tested

Default SHGC range diagrams SHGC = SC x .87

Solar Heat Gain Coefficient

Section 502.1.5

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Locations with SHGC RequirementsLocations with SHGC RequirementsLocations with SHGC RequirementsLocations with SHGC Requirements

Section 502.1.5

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SHGC Default TableSHGC Default Table

Section 102.5.2

Product Description

Single Glazed Double Glazed

Clear Bronze Green Gray Clear + Clear

Bronze + Clear

Green + Clear

Gray + Clear

Metal Frames Operable Fixed

0.750.78

0.640.67

0.620.65

0.610.64

0.660.68

0.550.57

0.530.55

0.520.54

Nonmetal Frames Operable Fixed

0.630.75

0.540.64

0.530.62

0.520.61

0.550.66

0.460.54

0.450.53

0.440.52

Table 102.5.2(3)

SHGC DEFAULT TABLE FOR FENESTRATION

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Specific RequirementsSpecific RequirementsSpecific RequirementsSpecific Requirements

1) Mandatory Requirements: Moisture Control Recessed Cans Infiltration Control Solar Heat Gain Coefficient

2) Specific Requirements: Foundations

Basements Slabs Crawlspaces

Above Grade Walls Skylights, Windows, and Doors Roofs

Section 502.2

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Envelope Requirement Compliance Options

Individual Component Basis

502.2.1

Simplified Prescriptive

Tables

Acceptable Practice

502.2.3

Total Building Performance

502.2.2

Prescriptive Specification

502.2.4

Section 502.2 Heating and Cooling Criteria

Section 602.1 Thermal Performance Criteria

Uo Graphs

REScheck Software

Uo Tables from

AppendixChap. 5 Prescriptive

Tables

Chap. 6 Prescriptive Tables

Most Flexible Approach

Use if WWR < 15% for S.F., < 25% for M.F.

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R-ValuesR-ValuesR-ValuesR-Values

Thermal resistance to heat flow

The larger the number the better

The R-value of layers in an assembly can be added together

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U-FactorsU-FactorsU-FactorsU-Factors

The amount of heat in Btu (British thermal units) that flows each hour through one square foot, when there is a 1ºF temperature difference across the surface

The smaller the number the better

U FactorR Value

- =-

1

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Floors over Unconditioned SpaceFloors over Unconditioned SpaceFloors over Unconditioned SpaceFloors over Unconditioned Space

Crawlspace is vented when the floor above is insulated.

Meet or exceed R-value requirements.

Section 502.2/ 602.1

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37


Supported Floor InsulationSupported Floor InsulationSupported Floor InsulationSupported Floor Insulation

Support insulation in floor cavity

Section 502.2/ 602.1

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38


Floors over Outside AirFloors over Outside AirFloors over Outside AirFloors over Outside Air

Floors over outside air must meet ceiling R-value requirements

Section 502.2/ 602.1

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Crawlspace Wall InsulationCrawlspace Wall InsulationCrawlspace Wall InsulationCrawlspace Wall Insulation

When crawlspace walls are insulated, foundation vents are not required. Space should be mechanically vented or conditioned.

Section 502.2/ 602.1

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Vented & Unvented CrawlspacesVented & Unvented CrawlspacesVented & Unvented CrawlspacesVented & Unvented Crawlspaces

Vented Crawlspace Requirements:

• The raised floor over the crawlspace must be insulated to the code R-value requirements for floors (varies by location).

• A vapor retarder may be required as part of the floor assembly (varies by location).

• Ventilation openings must exist that are equal to at least 1 square foot for each 150 square feet of crawlspace area and be placed to provide cross-flow (IRC 408.1, may be less if ground vapor retarder is installed).

• Unconditioned crawlspace ducts must be sealed and meet R-value insulation requirements (IECC Table 503.3.3.3) - usually R-5.

Unvented Crawlspace Requirements:

• The crawlspace ground surface must be covered with an approved vapor retarder (e.g., plastic sheeting).

• Crawlspace walls must be insulated to the R-value requirements specific for crawlspace walls (IECC 602.1.7, 502.2.1.5, and Table 602.1).

• Crawlspace wall insulation must extend from the top of the wall to the inside finished grade.

• Crawlspaces must be mechanically vented (1 cfm per 50 square feet) or conditioned (heated and cooled as part of the building envelope).

Section 502.2/ 602.1

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Slab Edge Insulation Slab Edge Insulation Slab Edge Insulation Slab Edge Insulation

Proposed R-value must meet or exceed Downward from top of slab a minimum of 24” (< 6000 HDD),

48” (> 6000 HDD) Downward to at least the bottom of the slab

and then horizontally – 24” (< 6000 HDD), 48” (> 6000 HDD)

Section 502.2/ 602.1

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42


Slab Edge Insulation Slab Edge Insulation Slab Edge Insulation Slab Edge Insulation

Section 502.2/ 602.1

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43


Below-Grade WallsBelow-Grade Walls Below-Grade WallsBelow-Grade Walls

50% below grade Meet or exceed required

R-values

Section 502.2/ 602.1

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44


Defining Below-Grade WallsDefining Below-Grade Walls Defining Below-Grade WallsDefining Below-Grade Walls

Section 502.2/ 602.1

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45


Ways to Insulate Basement WallsWays to Insulate Basement WallsWays to Insulate Basement WallsWays to Insulate Basement Walls

Interior Studs w/batts

Exterior Rigid Foam

Section 502.2/ 602.1

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46


Above Grade Walls Above Grade Walls Above Grade Walls Above Grade Walls

Insulate walls including those next to unconditioned spaces

Don’t forget to insulate

rim joists

Section 502.2/ 602.1

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47


Wall InsulationWall InsulationWall InsulationWall Insulation

Section 502.2/ 602.1

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48


Knee Wall InsulationKnee Wall InsulationKnee Wall InsulationKnee Wall Insulation

9 ' ceilings 9 ' ceilings12' ceilings

knee wa llknee wa ll

Section 502.2/ 602.1

No, No… Never cut the batts too short

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Windows & Glass DoorsWindows & Glass DoorsWindows & Glass DoorsWindows & Glass Doors

Key Elements

Glazing Area SHGC values U-Values

Section 502.2/ 602.1

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50


Windows - SHGCWindows - SHGCWindows - SHGCWindows - SHGC

Solar Heat Gain Coefficient Requirements dependent on

projection factor National Fenestration Rating

Council (NFRC) tested

Default SHGC range diagrams SHGC = SC x .87

Solar Heat Gain Coefficient

Section 502.2/ 602.1

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Windows – U-FactorsWindows – U-FactorsWindows – U-FactorsWindows – U-Factors

NFRC tested and certified or default window U-factor range

Use assembly U-factor All windows must meet or

exceed

Section 502.2/ 602.1

Frame Material and Product Type Single Glazed

Double Glazed

Metal without thermal breakOperable (including sliding and swinging glass doors)FixedGarden WindowCurtain WallSkylightSite-assembled sloped/overhead glazing

1.271.132.601.221.981.36

0.870.691.810.791.310.82

Metal with thermal breakOperable (including sliding and swinging glass doors)FixedCurtain WallSkylightSite-assembled sloped/overhead glazing

1.081.071.111.891.25

0.650.630.681.110.70

Reinforced vinyl/metal clad woodOperable (including sliding and swinging glass doors)FixedSkylight

0.900.981.75

0.570.561.05

Wood/Vinyl/fiberglassOperable (including sliding and swinging glass doors)FixedGarden WindowSkylight

0.890.982.311.47

0.550.561.610.84

Table 102.3(1)

U-Value Default Table for Windows Glazed Doors and Skylights

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52


OldNew

NFRC LabelNFRC LabelNFRC LabelNFRC Label

National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC)

product ratings are available on-line at

www.nfrc.org

Section 502.2/ 602.1

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RoofsRoofs

Requirements based on Assembly type Continuous insulation Insulation between

framing

Meet or exceed R-values

Section 502.2/ 602.1

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Standard Roof TrussStandard Roof TrussStandard Roof TrussStandard Roof Truss

• Ceiling insulation code requirements assume standard truss systems

Cold corners contribute to condensation and mold growth

Possibility of ice dam formations

Section 502.2/ 602.1

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55


Raised Heel TrussRaised Heel TrussRaised Heel TrussRaised Heel Truss

Raised Heel/Energy Truss Credit Insulate full height over exterior wall

Section 502.2/ 602.1

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Additions and Window ReplacementsAdditions and Window ReplacementsAdditions and Window ReplacementsAdditions and Window Replacements

Additions < 500 ft2 can use Table 502.2.5

Glazing area for additions (other than sunrooms) must be < 40% of gross wall and roof area of addition

Skylight replacements shall have a maximum U-factor of 0.60 when installed in climates > 1,999 HDD

Fenestration replacement must meet the SHGC req. in locations <3500 HDD

Section 502.2.5/ 602.4

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57


AdditionsAdditionsAdditionsAdditions

Compliance options for additions Treat as a stand-

alone building Bring entire building

into compliance

N

E xis itng L iving R oom

E xis itng G arage

E xis itng D in ing

E xis ting F am ily room

E xis itngD en

E ntry

N E W S U N R O O M

E xis itng K ithen

Addition

Section 502.2.5/ 602.4

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58


Special Rules for SunroomsSpecial Rules for SunroomsSpecial Rules for SunroomsSpecial Rules for Sunrooms

Sunroom addition defined:

Area less than 500 ft2

Have > 40% glazing of gross exterior wall and roof area

Separate heating or cooling system or zone

Must be thermally isolated and not used as a kitchen or sleeping quarters

Section 502.2.5

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HDD MAX MINIMUM Fenestration

U-factor Ceiling R-value

Wall R-value

Floor R-value

Basement wall R-value

Slab perimeter R-value and depth

Crawl space wall R-value

0 – 1,999 .75 R-19 R-13 R-11 R-5 R-0 R-5 2,000 – 3,999

.50 R-19 R-13 R-19 R-8 R-5, 2 ft. R-10

4,000 – 5,999

.50 R-19 R-13 R-21 R-10 R-9, 2 ft. R-19

6,000 – 8,499

.50 R-24 R-13 R-21 R-11 R-13, 4 ft. R-20

8,500 – 12,999

.50 R-24 R-13 R-21 R-19 R-18, 4 ft. R-20

Prescriptive Criteria Additions and Window Replacement HDD MAX MINIMUM

Fenestration U-factor

Ceiling R-value

Wall R-value

Floor R-value

Basement wall R-value

Slab perimeter R-value and

depth

Crawl space wall R-value

0 – 1,999 .75 R-26 R-13 R-11 R-5 R-0 R-5 2,000 – 3,999

.50 R-30 R-13 R-19 R-8 R-5, 2 ft. R-10

4,000 – 5,999

.40 R-38 R-18 R-21 R-10 R-9, 2 ft. R-19

6,000 – 8,499

.35 R-49 R-21 R-21 R-11 R-13, 4 ft. R-20

8,500 – 12,999

.35 R-49 R-21 R-21 R-19 R-18, 4 ft. R-20

2003 IECCPrescriptive Criteria Sunrooms

Sunroom/Addition RequirementsSunroom/Addition RequirementsSunroom/Addition RequirementsSunroom/Addition Requirements

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60


Mechanical Systems & EquipmentMechanical Systems & EquipmentMechanical Systems & EquipmentMechanical Systems & Equipment

61


61


Mechanical Systems OutlineMechanical Systems OutlineMechanical Systems OutlineMechanical Systems Outline

503.1 General503.2 Mechanical Equipment Efficiency503.3 HVAC Systems

503.3.1 Load Calculations 503.3.2 Temperature and Humidity Controls

503.3.2.1 System Controls503.3.2.2 Thermostatic Controls503.3.2.3 Heat Pumps

503.3.3 Distribution Systems503.3.3.1 Piping Insulation503.3.3.2 Other Insulation Thicknesses503.3.3.3 Duct & Plenum Insulation503.3.3.4 Duct Construction

503.3.3.4.1 High & Medium Pressure Duct Systems503.3.3.4.2 Low Pressure Duct Systems503.3.3.4.3 Sealing Required

503.3.3.5 Mechanical Ventilation503.3.3.6 Transports Energy503.3.3.7 Balancing

Section 503

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62


Mechanical Systems OverviewMechanical Systems OverviewMechanical Systems OverviewMechanical Systems Overview

Major mechanical systems covered by the IECC

Section 503

63


63


Equipment EfficienciesEquipment EfficienciesEquipment EfficienciesEquipment Efficiencies

Minimum equipment performance values from Table 503.2 Use data furnished by the manufacturer Performance data in accordance with NAECA

National Appliance Energy Conservation Act (NAECA) Specifies equipment performance of heating and cooling equipment,

water heaters, and other equipment Applicable equipment must meet NAECA before it can be sold in the

United States

Section 503.2

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64


Efficiency TermsEfficiency TermsEfficiency TermsEfficiency Terms

Part Load Performance

Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) – gas heating equipment Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) – residential heat

pumps Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER) – residential air

conditioners

Section 503.2

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65


Load CalculationsLoad CalculationsLoad CalculationsLoad Calculations

Load Calculations Use design conditions specified in

Chapter 3 Calculations shall be performed in

accordance with ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals or other equivalent method

Systems shall be sized to meet the load

Section 503.3.1

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66


Temperature and Humidity ControlsTemperature and Humidity ControlsTemperature and Humidity ControlsTemperature and Humidity Controls

503.3.2.1 System Controls Each dwelling unit shall be considered a zone and provided with at

least one temperature control device

503.3.2.3 Heat Pump Auxiliary Heat Heat pumps with supplementary electric resistance heat shall have

controls to prevent heater operation when the load can be met by the heat pump alone (except defrost cycles)

503.3.2.4 Humidistat Must be capable of being set to prevent the use of fossil fuels or

electricity to reduce relative humidity below 60% or increase relative humidity above 30%

Section 503.3.2

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67


Thermostatic Control CapabilitiesThermostatic Control CapabilitiesThermostatic Control CapabilitiesThermostatic Control Capabilities

Section 503.3.2.2 Heating only 55°F or lower Cooling only 85°F or higher Both heating and cooling must be

capable of a 5° deadband Exceptions

- Special occupancy/use as approved by the building official

- Thermostats that require manual changeover between heating and cooling

Section 503.3.2.2

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68


HVAC Piping InsulationHVAC Piping InsulationHVAC Piping InsulationHVAC Piping Insulation

Piping Insulation Table 503.3.3.1 Exceptions:

Factory installed piping within HVAC equipment

Piping that conveys fluids between 55 and 105 °F

Piping which conveys fluids which have not been heated or cooled by through the use of fossil fuels or electricity

Section 503.3.3.1

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69


PIPE SIZES PIPING SYSTEM TYPES

FLUID TEMP

RANGE oF

Runouts Up to 2"

1" and less

1.25" – 2" 2.5" – 4" 5" – 6" 8" or >

HEATING SYSTEMS Steam and hot water High pressure/temp 306-450 1 ½ 2 ½ 2 ½ 3 3 ½ 3 ½ Medium pressure/temp

251-305 1 ½ 2 2 ½ 2 ½ 3 3

Low pressure/temp 201-250 1 1 ½ 1 ½ 2 2 2 Low temp 106-200 ½ 1 1 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 ½ Steam condensate (for feed water)

Any 1 1 1 ½ 2 2 2

COOLING SYSTEMS 40-55 ½ ½ ¾ 1 1 1 Chilled water,

refrigerant and brine Below 40

1 1 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 ½

Distribution System - Minimum Pipe InsulationDistribution System - Minimum Pipe InsulationTable 503.3.3.1Table 503.3.3.1

Pipe Insulation (cont’d)Pipe Insulation (cont’d)Pipe Insulation (cont’d)Pipe Insulation (cont’d)

Section 503.3.3.1

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70


Duct and Plenum Insulation Duct and Plenum Insulation Duct and Plenum Insulation Duct and Plenum Insulation

Table 503.3.3.3 or where applicable ducts and plenums operate at static pressures > 2 in. w.g.

Exceptions: Factory installed plenums,

casings or ductwork that is part of the HVAC equipment

Ducts within the conditioned space that they serve

Section 503.3.3.3

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71


Duct InsulationDuct InsulationDuct InsulationDuct Insulation

Insulation R-Value (h . ft2 . F)/Btu Ducts in unconditioned attics or

outside building Ducts in unconditioned

basements, crawl spaces, garages, and other unconditioned

spaces

Annual Heating Degree Days

(HDD)

Supply Return Supply Return* < 1,500 8 4 4 0

1,500 to 3,500 8 4 6 2 3,501 to 7,500 8 4 8 2

> 7,500 11 6 11 2 *Insulation on return ducts in basements is not required.

Table 503.3.3.3 Minimum Duct Insulation (revised 2001/2003)

Section 503.3.3.3

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72


Duct ConstructionDuct ConstructionDuct ConstructionDuct Construction

High- and medium-pressure duct systems (static pressure > 2 in. w.g.) to be insulated and sealed If static pressure > 3 in. w.g.

Shall be leak tested in accordance with Section 803.3.6 Pressure classifications noted on construction documents

Low-pressure duct systems (static pressure 2 in. w.g.) All longitudinal and transverse joints, seams and connections shall

be securely fastened and sealed with welds, gaskets, mastics (adhesives), mastics-plus-embedded-fabric systems or tapes

Exceptions:- Continuously welded or locking longitudinal joints and seams operating at

static pressures < 2inches w.g.

Section 503.3.3.4

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73


Duct SealingDuct SealingDuct SealingDuct Sealing

Seal and securely fasten all joints, longitudinal and transverse seams and connections with: welds gaskets mastics mastic-plus-embedded fabric systems tapes

Unlisted duct tape is not permitted as a sealant on any metal ducts

Section 503.3.3.4.3

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74


Duct SealingDuct SealingDuct SealingDuct Sealing

Section 503.3.3.4.3

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75


Distribution Systems (cont’d) Distribution Systems (cont’d) Distribution Systems (cont’d) Distribution Systems (cont’d)

503.3.3.5 Mechanical Ventilation Systems shall be equipped with a readily accessible shutoff or

volume damper and shutoff Automatic or gravity dampers shall be used for outdoor intakes and

exhausts

503.3.3.6 Transport energy A measure of proper duct design Air transport factor < 5.5

503.3.3.7 Balancing HVAC systems shall provide a means for balancing (i.e. dampers,

temperature or pressure test connections, balancing valves, etc.)

Section 503.3.3

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76


Service Hot Water OutlineService Hot Water OutlineService Hot Water OutlineService Hot Water Outline

504.1 Scope

504.2 Water Heaters, Storage Tanks & Boilers

504.2.1 Performance Efficiency

504.2.2 Combination Systems

504.3 Swimming Pools

504.3.1 On-off Switch

504.3.2 Pool Covers

504.3.3 Time Clocks

504.4 Hot Water System Controls

504.5 Pipe Insulation

504.6 Conservation of Hot Water

504.7 Heat Traps

Section 504 SHW

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Service Water Heating (cont’d)Service Water Heating (cont’d)Service Water Heating (cont’d)Service Water Heating (cont’d)

Summary of requirements

Heat traps to reduce standby losses Pipe insulation to reduce distribution and

standby losses Circulation loop temperature controls to

reduce distribution losses

SHWSection 504

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78


Heat TrapsHeat TrapsHeat TrapsHeat Traps

Required on noncirculating hot water systems

SHWSection 504.7

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79


Auto-Circulating SystemsAuto-Circulating SystemsAuto-Circulating SystemsAuto-Circulating Systems

Auto-circulating systems Insulated to levels in Table 504.5 Exception:

Piping insulation is not required when the heat loss, without insulation, does not increase energy use

SHWSection 504.4

Service Water-Heating Temperatures

Pipe Sizes

Non-circulating run outs Circulating Mains and run outs

Up to 1” Up to 1.25”

1.5” to 2” Over 2”

170-180 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

140-169 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.5

100-139 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.0

Table 504.5

Minimum Pipe Insulation

(Thickness in Inches)

Documents

Mandatory Requirements Specific Requirements 2000/ 2001/ 2003 IECC 1 LightingEnvelope Moisture Mechanical InfiltrationSHGC 1 Residential Energy Code Compliance