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Managing Stress
8E
Principles and Strategies for Health and Well-Being
Brian Luke Seaward, Ph.D.
Unless otherwise noted, all images were supplied by Brian Luke Seaward. Credit: © Inspiration Unlimited. Used
with permission.
“Happiness is a decision...Optimism is a cure for many things.”
— Michael J. Fox
Photo © Jim Ruymen/UPI/Landov
Are some people prone to stress while others are not?
How does personality influence our interpretations of our life events?
The following are examples of stress-prone and stress-resistant personalities.
Are some people prone for stress while others are not?
How does personality influence our interpretations of our life events?The following are examples of
stress-prone and stress-resistant personalities.
While there are those who say you cannot change your personality, it is agreed that you can change personality traits to become more stress-resistant.
Type ABehavior
What was once called the “hurry sickness” is now regarded as an
aggressive-based personality
Type A Characteristics1. Time Urgency 2. Polyphasia (multi-tasking)3. Ultra-competitiveness4. Rapid Speech Patterns
Type A Characteristics1. Time Urgency 2. Polyphasia (multi-tasking)3. Ultra-competitiveness4. Rapid Speech Patterns5. Manipulative Control
Type A Characteristics1. Time Urgency 2. Polyphasia (multi-tasking)3. Ultra-competitiveness4. Rapid Speech Patterns5. Manipulative Control6. Hyperaggressiveness, Free-Floating Hostility
Social Influences on Type A Behavior
1. Interest in material wealth2. The desire for immediate gratification3. Competitiveness4. People as numbers or objects to overcome
Social Influences on Type A Behavior
5. Secularization6. Atrophy of the body and right brain7. Television watching & technology
1. Ardent approval seekers 2. Perfectionists3. Super-Overachievers4. Crisis Manager5. Devoted Loyalists6. Self-Sacrificing Martyrs7. Manipulators8. Victims (Victim Consciousness)9. Feelings of Inadequacy10. Reactionaries
Codependency Behavior Traits
1. External referencing 2. Lack of emotional boundaries3. Impression management4. Mistrust of one’s own perceptions5. Martyr syndrome6. Lack of spiritual health
Codependency Behavior Traits
Resiliency 101• Positivity• Creative Problem Solving• Compassion and Gratitude• Self-Care• Humor• Purpose in Life
Sensation Seekers(Type R Personality)
People who examine the odds, take calculated risks and who live life to the fullest with confidence, self-
efficacy, courage, optimism, and creativity.
Figure 6.4. While we may not be able to change our personality completely, we can change personality traits
that tend to promote stress in our lives.
Source: © Randy Glasbergen, used with permission from www.glasbergen.com
Self-Esteem: The Bottom Line-Defense
1. The focus of action2. The practice of living consciously3. The practice of self-acceptance4. The practice of self-responsibility5. The practice of self-assertiveness6. The practice of living purposely7. The practice of personal integrity
Self-Esteem: The Bottom Line-Defense
1. Connectedness 2. Uniqueness3. Power (empowerment)4. Models (mentors)
Ways to Boost Your Self-Esteem
1. Disarm the negative critic2. Give yourself positive affirmations3. Avoid self-guilt and “should haves”
Ways to Boost Your Self-Esteem
1. Disarm the negative critic2. Give yourself positive affirmations3. Avoid self-guilt and “should haves”4. Focus on you and your identity
Ways to Boost Your Self-Esteem
1. Disarm the negative critic2. Give yourself positive affirmations3. Avoid self-guilt and “should haves”4. Focus on you and your identity5. Avoid comparisons
Ways to Boost Your Self-Esteem
1. Disarm the negative critic2. Give yourself positive affirmations3. Avoid self-guilt and “should haves”4. Focus on you and your identity5. Avoid comparisons6. Diversify your interests
Ways to Boost Your Self-Esteem
1. Disarm the negative critic2. Give yourself positive affirmations3. Avoid self-guilt and “should haves”4. Focus on you and your identity5. Avoid comparisons6. Diversify your interests7. Improve your connectedness
Ways to Boost Your Self-Esteem
1. Disarm the negative critic2. Give yourself positive affirmations3. Avoid self-guilt and “should haves”4. Focus on you and your identity5. Avoid comparisons6. Diversify your interests7. Improve your connectedness8. Avoid self-victimization
Ways to Boost Your Self-Esteem
1. Disarm the negative critic2. Give yourself positive affirmations3. Avoid self-guilt and “should haves”4. Focus on you and your identity5. Avoid comparisons6. Diversify your interests7. Improve your connectedness8. Avoid self-victimization9. Reassert yourself before and during stress