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RJBoatmanPresenter

ManagingCourtroomSecuritySurvivinganAc<veShooter

ThePowerofAwarenessandIntui<on•  DefiningCrisis

•  HowawareamI?

•  Whatisintui<on?Whatdoesitfeellike?

•  Thetrue“FirstResponder”

SeJngtheStage

Thefrequencyofac<veshooterincidentshasincreasedinrecentyears,andtheseincidentshaveaffectednumerousplaceswhereci<zenscongregate.Unfortunately,theseeventshighlighttheneedtoreducetheriskofac<veshooterincidentswhileimprovingpreparednessandstrengtheningongoingeffortsintendedtopreventfutureoccurrences.

Background

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Typically,thereisnopaRernormethodtotheselec<onofvic<ms.Ac<veshootersitua<onsaredynamicandquicklyevolve.OTen,theimmediatedeploymentoflawenforcementisrequiredtostoptheac<veshooter.

However,becauseac<veshootersitua<onsarefrequentlyoverpriortothearrivaloflawenforcement,individualsmustbeprepared,bothmentallyandphysically,todealwithanac<veshootersitua<onpriortolawenforcementarrival.

Background

•  60Ac<veShooterincidentsoccurredbetween2000and2013.•  Shoo<ngsoccurredin40of50states.•  The160incidentsresultedin1,043casual<es:486killedand557

wounded,notincludingtheshooter.•  Approximately60percentoftheincidentsendedbeforepolice

arrived.•  64(40percent)oftheincidentsendedwiththeshootercommiJng

suicide.•  In21incidents(13.1percent),theincidentendedaTerunarmed

ci<zenssafelyandsuccessfullyrestrainedtheshooter.•  In45ofthe160(28.1percent)incidents,lawenforcementhadto

engagetheshootertoendthethreat.In21ofthose45(46.7percent)instances,lawenforcementsufferedcasual<eswithninekilledand28wounded.

•  In64caseswherethedura<oncouldbeascertained,44(69percent)endedinlessthanfiveminuteswith23endingintwominutesorless.

PreparednessAmajorcomponentofanyac<veshooterprogramorplanispreparedness.Allworkplaceviolencepreven<on,includingac<veshooterprograms,shouldmeetminimumrequirementssetforthinSec$on19oftheOccupa$onalSafetyandHealth(OSH)Actof1970,EO12196,andthebasicprogramelementsunder29CFRPart1960.

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Preven<on/Interven<onThe2013ReportoftheNa<onalSummitonMul<pleCasualtyShoo<ngsiden<fiedfivenon-linearcomponentsofmasscasualtyviolencepreven<on:•  Iden<fyingapersonposingapoten<althreatofviolence;

•  No<fyingtheappropriateauthori<eswiththisinforma<on;

•  Evalua<ngthethreatcredibility;

•  Interveningtopreventthethreat;and

•  Documen<ngtheinterven<onanddissemina<ngtheinforma<onwithinapplicablelawsandregula<ons.

TheProfileofanAc<veShooterNoprofileexistsforanac<veshooter;however,researchindicatestheremaybesignsorindicators.Facilityemployeesshouldlearnthesignsofapoten<allyvola<lesitua<onthatcoulddevelopintoanac<veshooterincident.Eachemployeeshouldbeempoweredtoproac<velyseekwaystopreventanincidentwithinternalresourcesoraddi<onalexternalassistance.

ResponseNosingleresponsefitsallac<veshootersitua<ons;however,makingsureeachindividualknowshisorherresponseop<ons,andempoweringthemtoreactdecisivelywillhelptosavelives.Depic<ngscenariosandconsideringresponseop<onsinadvancewillassistindividualsandgroupsinquicklyselec<ngtheirbestcourseofac<on.

Understandably,thisisasensi<vetopic.Thereisnodefini<vebestresponseduringthesescenarios,butmaintainingarun,hide,fightmindsetcannotablyincreasetheoddsofsurvival.

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RunIfitissafetodoso,thefirstcourseofac<onthatshouldbetakenistorun.Whenpossible,individualsshouldexitthebuildingthroughthesafestpossibleroute,andproceedtoadesignatedassemblyloca<onoranalternatestagingsite.Ifmul<plepersonsareevacua<ngalargeassemblyroomsuchasacourtroom,quadrantstyleevacua<onshouldbeu<lizedwheneverpossible.

RunStaffshouldbetrainedto:

•  leavepersonalbelongingsbehind;

•  puttheirhandsintheairtosignalthattheyareunarmedtolawenforcementresponders;

•  avoidescalatorsandelevators;•  takeotherswiththem,butnotstaybehindifothers

refusetoleave;and

•  call911whensafetodoso.

HideIfrunningisnotasafeop<on,staffshouldbetrainedtohideinassafeaplaceaspossiblewherethewallsmightbethickerandhavefewerwindows.Likewise,foroccupantsthatcannotrun,hidingmaybetheonlyop<on.

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Inaddi<on,occupantsshoulddothefollowing:•  lockthedoorsand/orbarricadethemwithheavy

furniture,ifpossible;•  closeandlockwindowsandcloseblindsorcover

windows;•  turnofflights;•  silenceallelectronicdevices;•  remainsilent;•  lookforotheravenuesofescape;and•  call911whensafetodoso.

Hide

Ifneitherrunningnorhidingisasafeop<on,whenconfrontedbytheshooterindividualsinimmediatedangershouldconsidertryingtodisruptorincapacitatetheshooterbyusingaggressiveforceanditemsintheirenvironment,suchasfireex<nguishers,chairs,etc.Researchshowsthereisstrengthinnumbers,asindicatedintheearliermen<onedstudies.Thepoten<alvic<msthemselveshavedisrupted17of51separateac<veshooterincidentsbeforelawenforcementarrived.

Fight

•  No“I”inTeam

•  RememberingtheDefini<onofCrisis

•  RemainCalm–BreatheandMove

•  SurvivalIns<nct+WinningAJtude=Success

TeamDevelopment

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Sources

USDepartmentofJus<ce-AStudyofAc<veShooterIncidentsintheUnitedStates

USDepartmentofHomelandSecurityPlanningandResponsetoanAc<veShooter

ConferenceofChiefJus<cesCourtSecurityHandbook

TexasCommissiononLawEnforcementCourtSecuritySpecialistTrainingProgram

InteragencySecurityCommiReePolicyandBestPrac<cesGuide

ForMoreInforma<on

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