Management Plan - Heritage and Archaeological

LENDLEASE BUILDING PTY LTD | 97 000 098 162

TWEED VALLEY HOSPITAL

MANAGEMENT PLAN - HERITAGE AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL 19/06/2019 | Revision No: 6.0

LENDLEASE BUILDING PTY LTD | 97 000 098 162

Sub Plan Revision Status

Date Revision (in numbers)

Purpose and Summary of Amendments

Reviewed by Approved by

30/01/17 2 General update including LLB GMR and legislative amendments

Tracey Wallbridge

Brian Falls

08/02/2019 2.1 Site Specific – Preliminary LB Luis Biaggini

17/04/2019 2.2 Updated to reflect TSA Comments Monique Windley G. Barrow

02/05/2019 3.0 Updated for SSD Conditions Monique Windley G. Barrow

23/05/19 4.0 Updated for SSD Draft Rev 3 Monique Windley G. Barrow

21/05/19 5.0 Updated for SSD Draft Rev 5 Monique Windley G. Barrow

169/06/2019 6.0 Final SSD Stage 1 Issue Monique Windley G. Barrow

*Note that all printed paper/hard copies of this document remain uncontrolled. The controlled copy of this document is found either in the project collaboration tool, within the Project Management Plan section, or other project specific database/server approved by the Regional EHS Manager / Head of EHS Integrated Project.

MANAGEMENT PLAN - HERITAGE AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL ISSUE NO: 2.0 | ISSUE DATE: 30/11/2016 | PROJECT REVISION NO: 00 LENDLEASE BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Page 3 of 18

1. SSD CONDITIONS

State Significant Development Conditions

B25j. an unexpected finds protocol for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal heritage and associated communications procedure including the

recommendations of the Aboriginal Cultural Heritage and Archaeological Report prepared by Niche Environment and Heritage dated 11 October 2018;

Refer to Section 2: Scope of the Sub Plan and Section 3 for recommendations within Niche’s Aboriginal Cultural Heritage and Archaeological Report included into sub plan.

Refer to Appendix 2 for unexpected finds protocol.

B22k. an unexpected finds protocol for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal heritage and associated communications procedure including the recommendations of the Aboriginal Cultural Heritage and Archaeological Report prepared by Niche Environment and Heritage dated 11 October 2018;

Refer to Section 3: Implementation of the Sub Plan and under the during construction heading that specifically refers to protocols and sequences of events during excavations.

B22l. an unexpected finds protocol for archaeological deposits within the identified rubbish areas of the site as recommended by Historical Heritage Assessment Report prepared by Niche Environment and Heritage dated 19 October 2018 and associated communications procedures;

Refer to Section 3: Implementation of the Sub Plan and under the during construction heading that specifically refers to protocols and sequences of events when working within specified rubbish deposit areas.

B22l. procedures to retain the stone walls identified in the Historical Heritage Assessment Report prepared by Niche Environment and Heritage dated 19 October 2018 and conditions A12 and A13 of schedule 3 (where possible); and

Refer to Section 2: Retention / Protection / Disassembly of Dry Stone Walls for procedures and Section 3 for implementation of recommendation from report into the plan.

B22(m) procedures to retain the stone walls identified in the Historical Heritage Assessment Report prepared by Niche Environment and Heritage dated 19 October 2018 and conditions A12 and A13 of schedule 3 (where possible);

Refer to Niche’s archevial report – Appendix 5.


Page 4 of 18

A12. The Stage 1 works must include the details of the methods to retain the five walls (where possible, either in part or in full) identified in the Historical Heritage Assessment Report prepared by Niche Environment and Heritage dated 19 October 2018, in accordance with the recommendations of this report and in consultation with Council, including but not limited to:

(a) avoidance of works near wall 2 and 5;

(b) retention of wall 4 (where possible, either in part or in full) and integration with the carpark area;

(c) part retention of wall 3 with evidence that the demolished materials can be reused in the Stage 2 application; and

(d) part retention of wall 1, archival recordings of the demolished section and reconstruction of the remaining section of the wall to ensure its stabilisation.

Refer to Section 4: details of actions for dry stone walls.

A13. If wall 1, wall 3 and wall 4, identified in the Historical Heritage Assessment Report prepared by Niche Environment and Heritage dated 19 October 2018, require removal (either in part or full), then archival recording of the walls must be conducted prior to the commencement of Stage 1 works, in consultation with Council.

Refer to Section 4: details of actions for dry stone walls.


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2. SCOPE OF PROJECT AND SUB PLAN

Project Details

Scope of the Sub Plan

This Heritage and Archaeological Management Sub Plan provides strategies and control measures for the protection and management of previously known and unidentified heritage features. It outlines appropriate measures to ensure that identified Heritage and Archaeological items, are managed appropriately during the construction phase and measures that may need to be taken if unexpected fines of items are uncovered. This may include trees, buildings, artefacts, relics, human remains and places, encountered during site establishment and construction of the project. It describes measures to be implemented during relevant construction activities, which enables assessment of the impacts of construction activities on potentially affected relics, items or areas.

Refer to Section 1.1 and 3.1 of the Project EHS Management Plan for clarification on how the EHS Sub Plans form part of the Lend Lease

Building (LLB) EHS management system.

If works causing ground disturbance are planned within the vegetated section of the Project Site (i.e. the section along the water and in the north),

consultation with the RAPs and a further cultural heritage survey with representatives of the RAPs will be required.

Objectives of the Sub Plan

● To protect or conserve known Indigenous and Non-indigenous (European) heritage and archaeological items on and adjacent to the site.

● To establish procedures for the identification, protection and management of previously undiscovered heritage and archaeological items.

● To preserve items that are of significances to the earliest history of the site.

● To align the work activities with the feasible recommendations raised in Niche’s TVH Historical Heritage Assessment

Scope of Works

This Sub Plan has been prepared based on consideration of the following scope of works:

● Site establishment including ATF, fixed temporary fence and hoarding installation, office and compound setup;

● Infrastructure services works to provide the site with all utilities required to perform construction activities;

● Increased site establishment including vegetation removal, topsoil stripping,

● Excavation of pits for sewer diversion work, trenching and drilling work.

● Bulk excavation works including basalt rock excavation;

● Civil Works, including haul roads, carparks, trunk services/infrastructure;

● Monitoring and maintenance of existing Sedimentation Basins;

● Decommissioning or other reasonable solution to control weed infestiation of the dam.


Page 6 of 18

Project Details

● Installation of bored piers for the Main Hospital Building;

● Construction of a multi-level Acute Services Building (Main Works Stage). This new build will include a new emergency department, helipad, IPUs, ICU, MAU, expanded rehab and ambulatory care facilities and operating theatres

Key Issues and Risks

The heritage and archaeological assessment, for the site indicates that the following items/features are potentially or known to exist within or are adjacent to the site:

• A detailed investigation to assess the potential for Aboriginal archaeological resources and consultation with the Registered Aboriginal Parties (RAPs) did not identify sites of Aboriginal cultural heritage on the surface and noted the subject area has extremely low potential to contain intact archaeological deposits.

• Five historical dry-stone walls were identified during a heritage survey of the site. The walls were likely constructed by South Sea Islander workers, principally from the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, and may be represent a significant connection of South Sea Islanders to the Tweed district

• Within the immediate house grounds there are three mature trees – two figs and one Poinciana. The mature trees on the Project Site have individual aesthetic value and contribute to the Project Site’s overall aesthetic qualities. The Poinciana and western fig will need to be removed for a carpark road. The east fig will be retained and incorporated in the new design

• Across the site three rubbish deposits were identified, two rubbish deposits contained a range of material including evidence of the old tramway in the form of rail track. Should such relics be located during ground disturbance works, that they be managed appropriately.

• Refer to Appendix 1 for location of walls, trees and rubbish deposits.

The following activities will be monitored to reduce impact:

● Site clearing, topsoil stripping and levelling resulting in shallow ground disturbance and damage to in-ground relics, structures or artefacts;

● Bulk excavation, spoil handling and stockpiling resulting in the disturbance, damage or removal of artefacts from their original position;

● Bulk excavation resulting in changes to significant landforms or places;

● Service excavation resulting in soil disturbance and damage to in-ground items;

● Material storage resulting in spills or ground compaction near heritage landscape features (trees and gardens); and

● Physical damage by machinery.

The implementation of the control measures identified in the EHS Plan and this Sub Plan are intended to mitigate the risks and impacts associated with these activities.


Page 7 of 18

Project Details

Legislation and Guidelines

Federal/National:

Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Heritage Protection Act

Ask First: A Guide to Respecting Indigenous Places and Values (Australian Heritage Commission)

State:

Code of Practice for Archaeological Investigation of Aboriginal Objects in NSW

Aboriginal cultural heritage consultation requirements for proponents 2010. Part 6 National Parks & Wildlife Act 1974.

Local:

NSW Police

Tweed Byron Local Aboriginal Land Council

Lendlease Requirements:

• GMR: 4.13 Degradation or Pollution of the Environment

• GMR: 4.15 Uncontrolled Release of Stored Energy (non-electrical))

• Lendlease Building Workplace Delivery Code (WDC)

Retention / Protection / Disassembly of Dry Stone Walls

Procedures for the Retention, Protection or Disassembly of the walls are to be generally in accordance with Niche Environment and Heritage’s Historical Heritage Assessment Report.

After archiving of walls to be dissembled is completed, any recommendations made by Niche should be evaluated and implemented if feasible.


Page 8 of 18

Project Details

Summary of Site Controls

Works must be undertaken in accordance with the Lendlease GMRs, the Project EHS Plan, this Sub Plan and the Lendlease Building WDC. These documents detail Lendlease’s approach and commitment to pro-active and responsible site management.

Site specific controls, monitoring, reporting and performance measurements have been identified in this Sub Plan to prevent or minimise the impacts of construction on previously known and unidentified heritage and archaeological features. These include but are not limited to:

● The installation of protective fencing and signage around known sites, items or buildings;

● The establishment of ‘buffer zones’ around known sites and items, for vibration and access control;

● The appropriate selection of plant and equipment working close to heritage items and buildings;

● Monitoring of early ground stripping and disturbance works (in conjunction with appropriate external representatives);

● The implementation of an Unexpected Find Protocol for previously unidentified items (refer below).

A Heritage/Archaeological assessment/survey must be available (Niche Report) prior to any works commencing including site establishment. The requirements of the assessment/survey must be incorporated into this Sub Plan and detailed on the Environmental Management Diagram (EMD) included in Appendix 1.

Prior to disassembly, a Niche consultant must be present to archive the wall via (photos, survey or surveillance).

Construction stage heritage and archaeological excavation and protection measures must be included in relevant specifications, contract agreements, quality assurance documents, and subcontractor work method statements.

Site inspections, monitoring and reporting will be undertaken by Lendlease and subcontractors as detailed in the EHS Plan and the following implementation table.

Unexpected Find Protocol

(Refer to Appendix 3)

1. Cease work, turn off machines and clear the area immediately if a potential burial site or item of heritage or archaeological significance has been discovered or is suspected.

2. Contact the EHS Coordinator, Site Manager or Construction Manager immediately.

3. Erect barricades to isolate the immediate area and prevent entry. Establish a buffer of 10m between the potential heritage/ archaeological item and the barrier (as a minimum where possible).

4. The appropriate regulatory authorities should be notified as soon as possible if applicable. Contact the nominated appropriately qualified Heritage or archaeological specialist.

5. No person shall enter the barricaded area unless expressly permitted by the qualified Heritage /Archaeological specialist. A clearance certificate or approval should be given in writing prior to entry.

6. Sampling / inspection of the fine is to be carried out by the Heritage /Archaeological specialist as advised by the LLB construction manager.


Page 9 of 18

Project Details

7. The nominated Heritage /Archaeological Specialist (in liaison with LLB senior site personnel and/or relevant authorities) will determine if further management actions are necessary based on an available information.

8. All permits to carry out additional actions are to be obtained prior to the commencement of any new works and the nominated Environmental Specialist must provide written clearance approval.

9. The barricade may then be removed and work activities may resume under the direction of the LLB Construction Manager.

Note: For unexpected finds involving human skeletal remains, contact must be made with local Police. The area must be secured immediately.


Page 10 of 18

3. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SUB PLAN

Control Measure Timing Methodology Responsibility Monitoring and Reporting Performance Measurement

Planning and Site Establishment

Obtain a heritage/archaeological survey/report to identify the significance of the site and any surrounding areas/ features/buildings/trees (if necessary).

Prior to works commencing

In consultation with a heritage specialist prepare:

*a list of items and areas of significance;

*an Environmental Management Diagram (EMD – Appendix 1) showing the location of known heritage items areas;

*a heritage zoning plan showing areas with high, medium and/or low heritage ‘potential’.

CM/SM

List of items and areas of significance prepared.

Diagram prepared and reviewed.

Heritage zoning plan prepared (if required).

List and diagram prepared containing all relevant details and communicated prior to commencing any works.

Undertake a dilapidation survey of nominated heritage structures/items.


Engage consultant to undertaken surveys.

Obtain dilapidation reports.

Review and use the reports for planning ground disturbance and construction activities.

CM/SM Dilapidation reports prepared and reviewed.

No damage to existing heritage structures or items.

Include information in the Site Induction about the potential impacts of construction activities on known and previously unidentified heritage/ archaeology and address cultural heritage of the site.

Before works commence and ongoing

Revise Lendlease standard induction package to include site specific information.

Deliver induction material.

CM/SM WMSs prepared by subcontractor’s address heritage issues.

Site induction delivered to all workers on site.

Install barriers/protective fencing and clear signage to control access to known heritage areas until approval to enter or excavate is obtained.


Install access controls in accordance with heritage consultant recommendations.

SM Daily surveillance to assess integrity of barriers/fencing.

No access into significant areas.

Barriers/fencing not removed until a clearance certificate is


Page 11 of 18

Do not permit access without CM approval.

Weekly/monthly inspection checklist.

provided by heritage consultant.

Monitor ground stripping/disturbance and spoil handling activities in actual and potential heritage areas (where works have been approved to proceed for site establishment or clearing).

Areas of potential impact identified prior to works commencing

Obtain approval to commence works in heritage areas within the project footprint. (Early excavation of potential archaeological deposits (PAD) may be required).

Establish a protocol and work method for ground disturbance works. May involve visual monitoring of surface disturbance and spoil by specialist consultant or external representatives (eg LALC).

Ensure appropriate external representatives are involved as required.

CM/SM

External reps

Surveillance during earthworks.

WMS

No unnecessary land disturbance.

No disturbance of identified areas without approval.

Protective fencing and signage maintained until a clearance certificate has been issued.

During Construction

Maintain fences/barriers/signage around heritage items/buildings etc that are required to be retained and protected.

At all times

Check the condition and integrity of controls.

Address the importance of controls and access restrictions in a toolbox.

SM

Daily surveillance.

Weekly inspection checklist.

No breach of fence line.

Minimise the potential for damage to heritage structures through the appropriate selection of work methods, plant and equipment, and the establishment of buffer zones.

At all times

Prepare WMS for all works affecting or close to heritage items/structures.

Use appropriately sized plant and equipment to minimise ground vibration and reduce the potential for damage to relics.

Establish safe use buffer zones.

CM/SM WMS for works near heritage structures/items.

No damage to existing structures or items.

Compliance with WMS.


Page 12 of 18

All permits to carry out archaeological investigations or excavations are to be obtained prior to the commencement of any new works.

After discovery of relic

In accordance Heritage & Archaeological Management Plan.

CM Monitor compliance. Sighting permit.

Enact the Unexpected Find Protocol in the event that a potential heritage item, artefact or relic is discovered.

At any time Cease work immediately. SM/ Contractor

Monitor earthworks.

Maintain site records of any findings.

No construction impact to unexpected finds

Protocols followed

Sighting permit

Human remains identified – Stop work provision

Human remains are encountered

Cease work immediately.

Baricate 20m around area

NSW Police contacted immediately and no further action until NSW provide written notification.

SM/ Contractor

Monitor earthworks.



Protocols followed

Sighting permit

Protcol for unexpected finds when working within identified rubbish deposits

At all times

Workers are to be briefed prior to working within rubbish deposits of unexpected finds protocol.

Establish signage around area.

SM/ Contractor

Prestart Minutes

SWMS



Protocols followed

Ground disturbances within Northern Wetland area

As required

consultation with the RAPs and a further cultural heritage survey with representatives of the RAPs

CM, SPE and SE

Consultation with Heritage Consultant

No harm caused by unexpected aboringal finds.

Heritage Stone Walls

Archival process to be incorporated during the disassembly of the heritage walls.

Prior to disassembly of wall.

Advice or report to be prepared SM / Heritage Consultant

Report or letter. Detailed summary of existing wall for record for either rebuild or reuse of stones.


Page 13 of 18

4. DETAILS OF ACTIONS FOR DRY STONE WALLS Heritage Stone Walls

Wall Number Location (Appendix 2) Description Measure

1

Located on the southern perimeter of site, along

Cudgen Road footpath. Will interefer with new

Slip Lane.

Part retention of wall 1, archival recordings of the demolished section and reconstruction

of the remaining section of the wall to ensure its stabilisation.

2 Located within the retained undisturbed forest. Protection of wall 2, exclusion zone established.

3

Located internal to site, within the windrows.

Location of wall will interfere with the retaining

wall batter during construction.

Removal of wall 3, archival recordings of wall prior to disassembly.

4 Located internal to site, within the windrow. Will

interfere with the green spine of the carpark. Removal of wall 4, archival recordings of wall prior to disassembly.

5 Located on the eastern perimeter of the site. Protection of wall 5, exclusion zone established.

Location of disassembled stones to be protected.

After disassembly of wall.

Prepare WMS for all works affecting or close to heritage items/structures.

SM/F Weekly inspection checklist.

No damage to existing stones.

Avoid removing trees and vegetation which may be supporting the walls.

During bush regeneration.

Coordination between heritage consultant and ecological consultant on vegetation to be removed.

SM/ Heritage & Ecological Consultant

Site Inspection Report Minimise damage to walls.


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Appendix 1 – Site Layout


Page 15 of 18

Appendix 2 – Location of wall in relation to site plan


Appendix 3 – Unexpected Finds Protocol


Appendix 4 – Reference Photos (Walls, Tree and Rubbish Deposit)


Appendix 5 – Niche Archiving Report

Archival Recording

Tweed Valley Hospital Drystone Walls

771 Cudgen Rd, Cudgen NSW 2487

Local Government Area Tweed Shire

Prepared for TSA Management

The Proponent NSW Health Infrastructure

Prepared by Niche Environment and Heritage 17 June 2019

Tweed Valley Hospital – Drystone walls Archival Recording 1

1. Introduction _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Niche Environment and Heritage (Niche) was commissioned by TSA Management (TSA) on behalf of NSW

Health Infrastructure to prepare this Archival record of three drystone walls in accordance with Schedule 3

Part A Condition 13 of the Development Consent for the Concept Plan and Stage 1 Early and Enabling

Works for the new Tweed Valley Hospital (SSD 18_9575) located at 771 Cudgen Road, Cudgen (Lot 102 DP

870722).

1.1 Site location and description

The proposed site (hereafter referred to as the Project Site) covers 23 ha on Lot 102 DP870722, situated at

771 Cudgen Road, Cudgen, Tweed LGA (Figure 1). It is located immediately to the west of Kingscliff and

approximately 1 km from the coastal foreshore and comprises an irregular shaped land parcel bound by

Cudgen Road and Turnock Street to the south and east, agricultural land to the west, and an unnamed

swamp and drainage line to the north. Cudgen Creek is situated 500m to the west of the site.

The Project Site is situated on a prominent position in the landscape with views to the north and west and

comprised of an elevated and roughly level terrace that runs along the southern boundary adjacent to

Cudgen Road (Figure 2). The terrace slopes unevenly down onto a low-lying wetland bordering a swamp

and heavily vegetated drainage system to the north and west of 771 Cudgen Road. The most northern

section of the Project Site is characterised by remnant sub-tropical rainforest.

This Archival Recording should be read in conjunction with the Historic Heritage Assessment: Tweed Valley

Hospital Stage 2 SSD (Niche 2019) to which this report is appended. This Archival record provides the

results of the photographic recording only.

1.2 Methodology

This record has been prepared with reference to The Australia ICOMOS Charter for Places of Cultural

Significance, The Burra Charter, 2013 (Burra Charter) and in accordance with the OEH guidelines

Photographic Recording of Heritage Items using Film or Digital Capture (2006).

1.3 Project team

A photographic recording of the drystone walls was undertaken by Joshua Madden (Team Leader – Historic

Heritage) on 6 May 2019.

This archival record has been written by Samuel Ward (Heritage Consultant, Niche) and reviewed by Joshua

Madden (Team Leader – Historic Heritage, Niche). Technical GIS assistance has been provided by Matt

Harris (GIS Analyst, Niche).

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2. Physical evidence _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.1 Physical setting and description of features

Five dry-stone walls were identified and recorded during the field survey. A description of the five walls is

outlined below.

Wall 1 is a dry-stone wall approximately 64 m in length and is located adjacent to Cudgen Road,

within the road reserve. The wall is constructed with large volcanic cobbles 3-5 courses high, with a

rock rubble infill. The wall varies in width between 1-3 m. From the western end for around 20m

the wall is low (single course) and partially collapsed. Between 20m and 34m the wall is in good

condition and uniform in construction. Over the remaining 30 m of its extent the wall deteriorates

and collapses in sections and is overtaken by ground cover. Vegetation and tree growth is

intermingled with the wall along its extent. This relationship is both beneficial and deleterious, with

tree roots holding together as well as tearing apart sections of the wall.

Wall 2 is an extensive wall which runs along much of the western and northern boundaries of Lot

102 DP870722. Wall 2 is inclusive of both Wall 2 and Wall 3 identified in Niche (2018a). Wall 2 is a

very well-constructed dry-stone wall of 6-8 courses of large volcanic cobbles. The sections of wall

examined were in excellent condition although the encroachment of vegetation was apparent, and

at its eastern end its height reduces and it forms more of a rubble batter than an upright wall. Thick

vegetation prevented the full extent and condition of the wall from being assessed during the

survey, and it is likely to be more extensive than shown in this report. Sections of the wall have

been impacted by later developments including track construction to the creek on the western side

(i.e. the former Wall 3 [Niche 2018]). Wall 2 appears to be a retaining wall designed to protect the

ploughed fields upslope from the erosion and flooding from the creek in the west and swamp to

the north.

Wall 3 is a dry-stone wall of variable height located mid-slope on the western side of Lot 102

DP870722. The wall is oriented north-south within a row trees and runs for approximately 46 m.

The wall varies in height and condition, however the majority of the wall is high (4-5 courses of

volcanic cobbles) and well formed. This wall is overgrown with vegetation which prevented its full

extent from being defined and contributes to its deterioration. Included in this vegetation is a very

old macadamia tree.

Wall 4 is a dry-stone wall of 4-6 courses of large volcanic cobbles. This wall is approximately 60 m

long and contained within a hedgerow mid-slope. This wall appears to act as a terrace, supporting

the upslope fields, although it could also be the remains of a culvert or retaining wall associated

with the tramway that was roughly in this location. This wall is heavily concealed by the trees and

vegetation of the hedgerow. It was only viewed and photographed from above as it was too

difficult to access it from its base. This wall appears to be in good condition and remains in situ.

Wall 5 is a dry-stone retaining wall of approximately 63m, running roughly north-south on the

eastern boundary of the Subject Site, adjacent to Turnock Street and retaining part of the road

alignment. It is heavily overgrown by trees and other vegetation. It is unclear if Wall 5 is

contemporaneous with the other dry-stone walls or a more modern structure, therefore requires

further historical research to confirm its origins. Although it follows the alignment of Turnock

Street, it possibly pre-dates the building of this road (which was post-1974), and may represent an

earlier track, tramway or field that was subsequently utilised as a convenient new boundary line for


when the Subject Site was subdivided in 1974. For the purposes of this report, however, it has been

nominally classified as one of the significant stone wall features until further information is

available.

2.2 Archival recording

The drystone walls Wall1, Wall 3 and Wall 4 will be partially and/or entirely removed and/or demolished as

part of the Stage 2 works. As a result a photographic record has been prepared for Wall 1, Wall 3 and Wall

4 in accordance with Schedule 3 : Conditions of consent for Stage 1 Works Part A Administrative Conditions

A13:

If wall 1, wall 3 and wall 4, identified in the Historical Heritage Assessment Report prepared by Niche

Environment and Heritage dated 19 October 2018, require removal (either in part or full), then archival

recording of the walls must be conducted prior to the commencement of Stage 1 works, in consultation with

Council.

2.3 Sample Archival photographs

The following photographs are a sample of those included in this Archival Recording.

Sample Image 1: Photograph 3 –General view of

Drystone Wall 1, looking NE from the adjacent footpath.

Sample Image 2: Photograph 4 – Detail view of the

drystone construction of Wall 1, with scale.

Sample Image 3: Photograph 15 – View looking East of

Wall 3, showing a middle section.

Sample Image 4: Photograph 33 – Detail view of the

culvert and surrounding stone work in Wall 3, with

scale.


Sample Image 5: Photograph 44 – General view of Wall

4 showing western end..

Sample Image 6: Photograph 66 – View of Wall 4

showing the middle section and erosion damage to

stone work, with scale.


3. Assessment of Significance for the Project Site, including drystone Walls _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The NSW Heritage Manual, prepared by the former NSW Heritage Office and Department of Urban Affairs

and Planning, provides the framework for assessing significance in NSW. These guidelines incorporate the

five aspects of cultural heritage value identified in the Burra Charter: The Australia ICOMOS Charter for

Places of Cultural Significance 1999 (Burra Charter) into a framework currently accepted by the NSW

Heritage Council.

The following table presents the significance assessments for the drystone walls as outlined in the Stage 1

Historic Heritage Assessment (Niche 2018).

Table 1: Significance Assessment

Criterion Significance

(a) An item is important in the

course, or pattern, or NSW’s

cultural or natural history (or the

cultural or natural history of the

local area)

The dry-stone walls (1-5) are an early feature which provide

evidence of the immense effort required to modify the landscape

for crop production. Their aged condition and large scale suggests

they were built as part of an intensive stabilisation scheme during

the plantation period, or possibly the later Cornwell period, when

the agricultural enterprise was at its height and there was

sufficient capital and workforce to undertake such an endeavour.

The dry-stone walls are likely to be associated with the use of

South Sea Islander labour. Other large-scale dry-stone walls built

by South Sea Islanders exist in the local area.

The old stone walls (1-5) are considered to have local significance

under this criterion.

(b) An item has strong or special

associations with the life or works

of a person, or group of persons, of

importance in the cultural or

natural history of NSW (or the

cultural and natural history of the

local area)

The dry-stone walls (1-5) may have been built as part of Cazala’s

development of the plantation, or during the period of occupancy

of the Cornwell family, but further research is required.

The dry-stone walls may have local heritage significance under

this criterion.

(c) An item is important in

demonstrating aesthetic

characteristics and/or a high

degree of creative or technical

achievements in NSW (or the local

area)

The dry-stone walls (1-5), as ruinous structures which continue to

age, crumble and develop rainforest regrowth, have picturesque

aesthetic qualities that evoke a sense of abandonment, decay and

the past. The mature trees provide important local landmarks and

vistas.

The dry-stone walls 1-5 are among a number of stone walls built in

the area with simple techniques and so do not demonstrate a high

degree of creative or technical achievements.


Criterion Significance

The dry-stone walls (1-5) are considered to have local heritage

significance (aesthetic) under this criterion.

(d) An item has a strong or special

association with a particular

community or cultural group in

NSW (or the local area) for social,

cultural or spiritual reasons.

The dry-stone walls (1-5) are likely to have a special association

with the Australian South Sea Islander community. Further

consultation with the local community, however, is required to

confirm its social heritage significance.

The dry-stone walls (1-5) and the Project Site may have State or

local heritage significance under this criterion.

(f) An item possesses uncommon,

rare or endangered aspects of

NSW’s cultural or natural history

(or the cultural or natural history of

the local area); and

The dry-stone walls (1-5) and other identified elements of the

Project Site are not considered have significance under this

criterion.

The Project Site is not considered to be of State or local

significance under this criterion.

The dry-stone walls (1-5) are the most important physical evidence of early activities, and likely date to that

early phase of development when the Project Area was a large sugar plantation and then dairy farm, and

were probably built with the use of South Sea Islander labour. They therefore have local historical

significance and potential (pending community consultation) associative significance with the Australian

South Sea Islander community.

Tweed Valley Hospital – Drystone Walls Archival Recording 10

4. Methodology _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5.1 Introduction

The aim of the photographic record is to provide a visual documentation of a place prior to alteration or

demolition takes place. The archival record aims to capture a place at a specific moment in time

documenting a variety of attributes from small scale details to the landscape setting of an item.

5.2 Photographic Recording Methodology

A number of techniques were used to maximise the quality of the archival photography. A high quality

Cannon EOS 700D Camera was used to record the Stone Chapel building and capture CR2 (Cannon Raw

Version 2 Files) and JPEG images simultaneously. The archival recording site figures showing the location

and direction of photographs (Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6) are found in Section 5. The photographic context

sheet, which describes each of the archival images, is also found in Section 5. All archival images of the

Drystone Walls prior to works commencing are presented as thumbnails and are found in Section 6.

This report meets the Office of Environment and Heritage (OEH) guidelines: Photographic Recording of

Heritage Items using Film or Digital Capture (OEH, 2006). Each photograph was recorded on a photographic

catalogue sheet with the direction noted and a description provided (see Section 5). The general locations

and directions of the photographs were also marked on reference aerials of the site (see View Angles

figures in Section 5). All digital photographs are provided in RAW, TIF and JPEG formats on an

accompanying CD and DVD.

This report and accompanying CD/DVDs should be submitted to the Secretary, Tweed Shire Council, the

Richmond Tweed Regional Library, and a copy retained by TSA Management.

5.3 Camera

All photographs were taken using a Cannon EOS 700D Camera. The lens used was 18-55mm.


5. Photographic Catalogues Sheet _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

PROJECT NAME #3641 Mountbatten Stone Chapel – Archival Recording

CAMERA: Cannon EOS 700D LENS: 18-55mm

PHOTOGRAPHER: Joshua Madden

Table 2: Photographic Catalogue Sheet

Image

Number

Listing

Sheet

Date Description Orientation

Wall 1

1 Page 1 6/5/2019 View looking East towards the western end of Wall 1,

looking along the adjacent footpath

Facing E

2 Page 1 6/5/2019 View looking NW towards the western end of Wall 1,

from the adjacent footpath

Facing NE

3 Page 1 6/5/2019 View of Wall 1, from the adjacent footpath Facing NE

4 Page 1 6/5/2019 Detail view looking NE from footpath showing drystone

construction of mid-section of wall

Facing NE

5 Page 1 6/5/2019 View towards NW from footpath Facing NW

6 Page 1 6/5/2019 Detail view looking NW from footpath showing drystone

construction of mid-section of wall

Facing NW

7 Page 1 6/5/2019 View looking west of the overgrown eastern end of

Wall1

Facing W

8 Page 1 6/5/2019 View looking West along footpath from eastern end of

Wall1

Facing W

9 Page 1 6/5/2019 View looking WNW from footpath showing Mid-point of

Wall 1

Facing WNW

10 Page 1 6/5/2019 View looking east along footpath from the mid-section

of Wall1

Facing E

11 Page 1 6/5/2019 View looking NW from footpath showing the mid-

section of Wall1

Facing NW

Wall 3

12 Page 1 6/5/2019 View looking SE of northern end of Wall3 Facing SE

13 Page 1 6/5/2019 View looking East of northern end of Wall3 (1 of 7 in a

series progressing south)

Facing E

14 Page 1 6/5/2019 View looking East of northern portion of Wall3 (2 of 7in

a series progressing south)

Facing E

15 Page 1 6/5/2019 View looking East of middle portion of Wall3 (3 of 7in a


Facing E



Facing E



Facing E


Image

Number

Listing

Sheet




Facing E

19 Page 1 6/5/2019 View looking East of southern portion of Wall3 (7 of 7in

a series progressing south)

Facing E

20 Page 1 6/5/2019 View looking SE of southern end of Wall3 Facing SE

21 Page 2 6/5/2019 View looking NE of southern end of Wall3 Facing NE

22 Page 2 6/5/2019 View looking NE of southern extent of Wall3 Facing NE

23 Page 2 6/5/2019 View looking NW of southern extent of Wall3 Facing NW

24 Page 2 6/5/2019 View looking N of southern end of Wall3 Facing N

25 Page 2 6/5/2019 View of mid-section of Wall3 looking north along the

crest of the embankment

Facing N

26 Page 2 6/5/2019 View of mid-section of Wall3 looking north along the

crest of the embankment

Facing N

27 Page 2 6/5/2019 Detail of Mid-section of Wall3 from top of the wall Facing N

28 Page 2 6/5/2019 Detail of Mid-section of Wall3 from top of the wall Facing N

29 Page 2 6/5/2019 Detail of Mid-section of Wall 3 from lower level of

embankment

Facing N

30 Page 2 6/5/2019 View of northern section of Wall 3 looking SW Facing SW

31 Page 2 6/5/2019 Detail view of mid-section of Wall 3 showing drystone

construction

Facing E


construction

Facing SE


construction and culvert

Facing E


construction, and inclined section

Facing E



Facing SE



Facing SSE



Facing NNE

38 Page 2 6/5/2019 General view of mid-section of wall showing vegetation

growth, inclined section

Facing NNE

39 Page 2 6/5/2019 General view of mid-section of wall showing vegetation


Facing E

40 Page 2 6/5/2019 General view of Northern section of wall showing extent Facing NE

41 Page 3 6/5/2019 General view of Northern section of wall, showing

vegetation growth

Facing SE

42 Page 3 6/5/2019 General view of mid-section of wall, showing vegetation


Facing SE


Image

Number

Listing

Sheet


Wall 4

43 Page 3 6/5/2019 View looking ENE of the western end of Wall4 Facing ENE

44 Page 3 6/5/2019 View looking NE of the Western end of Wall4 Facing NE

45 Page 3 6/5/2019 View looking along Wall4 from the western end Facing ENE

46 Page 3 6/5/2019 View looking along Wall4 from the western end Facing NE

47 Page 3 6/5/2019 View looking across the western mid-section of Wall 4

showing view of northern wood in background

Facing NNW

48 Page 3 6/5/2019 View across the western end of Wall 4, looking NW Facing NW

49 Page 3 6/5/2019 View along Wall 4 looking WSW, from the Eastern end Facing WSW

50 Page 3 6/5/2019 View across the Eastern end of Wall4, showing detail of

eroded stone wall

Facing SE

51 Page 3 6/5/2019 View across the mid-section of Wall4, from north side Facing SW

52 Page 3 6/5/2019 General view of the Mid-section of Wall4, looking

towards the Eastern end.

Facing ESE

53 Page 3 6/5/2019 View looking south across the mid-section of Wall 4 Facing S

54 Page 3 6/5/2019 General view of the Mid-section of Wall4, looking

towards the Western end.

Facing SSW

55 Page 3 6/5/2019 View looking south across the mid-section of Wall 4,

further west from picture 52

Facing S

56 Page 3 6/5/2019 General view of the Mid-section of Wall4, showing a

portion further west from Image 51

Facing ESE

57 Page 3 6/5/2019 view of the Mid-section of Wall4, showing a closer view

from image 55

Facing ESE

58 Page 3 6/5/2019 View across the western end of Wall 4, showing extent. Facing SSW

59 Page 3 6/5/2019 View looking south across the Western end of Wall4 Facing S


further west from picture 55

Facing S


further east from picture 59

Facing S



Facing S



Facing S



Facing S



Facing S

66 Page 4 6/5/2019 View across the mid-section of Wall 4 showing detail of

drystone construction

Facing SW


Image

Number

Listing

Sheet


67 Page 4 6/5/2019 View looking along Wall4 from the western end,

showing the mid-section

Facing ENE

>>

>

>

>

>

>

>

>

1 2

3

4

5, 6

7,8

9

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0 5

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View Angles : Wa ll 1Tweed Va lley Hos p ita l Drystone Wa lls – Archiva l Recording

Figure 4Niche PM: Joshua Ma ddenNiche Proj. #: 4898Client: TSA Ma na gement

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13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21, 22

23

24

25, 26

27, 28, 29

30

31

32, 33

3435, 36

37

38

39

40

41

42

12

Wall 3

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View Angles : Wa ll 3Tweed Va lley Hos p ita l Drystone Wa lls – Archiva l Recording

Figure 5Niche PM: Joshua Ma ddenNiche Proj. #: 4898Client: TSA Ma na gement


>>

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43 44

45 4647

48

49

505152

535455 56

5758 59

6061

62

6364

6566

67

Wall 4

0 5


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View Angles: Wall 4Tweed Valley Hospital Drystone Walls – Archival Recording

Figure 6Niche PM: Joshua MaddenNiche Proj. #: 4898Client: TSA Management



6. Photographic Listing Sheets _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Documents

Management Plan - Heritage and Archaeological