Management of Converging Networks · Why Network Management? ... TMN - Telecommunications Management Network (ITU Recommendation M.3010) 13 What Is Network Management? FCAPS - 5 major

Greater ChicagoChapter

Thursday, 9-21-00

Management ofManagement ofConverging NetworksConverging Networks

Paul T. Schauer, PELucent Technologies

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Agenda

✰ Converging Networks

✰ Why Network Management?

✰ What Is Network Management?

✰ Network Management for CATV

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Converging Networks

SwitchedTelecomDomain

DataNetworking

Domain

Video Domain

ASPs

MSOs

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Converging Networks

Video -Analog and

Digital

High SpeedOnline

Telephony -Primary andSecondary

IP Telephony

LAN / WAN

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Why Network Management?

New Service Demands on HFC Networks :

▲ Transmission quality▲ Effective bandwidth▲ Service reliability (the probability that a

system will survive without interruptionfor a defined period)

▲ Outage Rate (the average rate at whichservice interruptions occur)

▲ Availability (the percentage of time thatservice is available)

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Telephone Industry ! Availability objective 99.99% (53 min / yr).! Applies to network between local switch and

network interface.! Excludes local switch, customer premise equipment,

in-home wiring and loss of primary and backup power.! Clock starts when outage reported, not when it begins.

CATV Industry ! Availability objective 99.7% (26.3 hr / yr).! 2 outages within 3 months for single customer.! CableLabs “goal” based on outages exceeding these

rates becoming a major factor in customersperception of service quality.

! “Outage” is 2 or more customers losing 1 or morechannels. “Loss” is interruption not degradation.

! Includes power outages!


Different industries use different measures of service integrity:

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10

20

30

40

50

60

TA S O 1958 C B S , NA S A1983

C ab leLab s1991

Pe rc e p tib le /A n n o y in g

Pe rc e p tib le /S lig h tlyA n n o y in gPe rc e p tib le /No tA n n o y in gIm p e rc e p tib le

C/N(dB)

Customer Expectations are continually increasing

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Causes of CATV Service Interruptions

Signal Quality

CommercialPower Problems

Equipment Failures

Interfering Signals

Network Capacity

Customer Misuse

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Causes of Service Interruptions … Equipment Failures*

⇒ Power Supplies 3%⇒ Amplifiers .15% to 10%

⇒ Optical Transmitters 2.3%

⇒ Optical Receivers .7% to 1.7%

⇒ Passive Devices .07% to 1%⇒ Coaxial Connectors .01% to .25%⇒ Fiber Optic Cable .3% to 3%⇒ Coaxial Cable .23% to 3%

⇒ Customer Premises 7%

⇒ Network Interfaces 5.4%

⇒ Headend Equipment 5% to 30%

* Regional differences such as lightning strikes and underground construction laws have major effect on outages. Sources: Network Reliability Council, Werner & Gatseos, Merk and Strode, Hamilton-Piercy and Balsdon, Bellcore.

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NID

Modem

Set-top

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Weapons against Service Interruptions ... Equipment Failures

♠ Start with high quality, reliable equipment.

♠ Network Architecture minimizing number of HPaffected by single point of failure.

♠ Redundant hardware / spares.

♠ Fiber Optic transport … self healing rings.

♠ Monitoring equipment to isolate failure,decreasing repair time.

NetworkManagement!

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What Is Network Management?

TMN

FCAPS

SNMP

HMS

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ManagedNetworks

Network Management

Element Management

ServiceManagement

Business Mgmt

ManagedServices

ManagedApplications

Network Elements

TMN - Telecommunications Management Network (ITU Recommendation M.3010)

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FCAPS - 5 major functional areas defined by ISO,worldwide standard.

FF Fault Management

CC Configuration Management

AA Accounting Management

PP Performance Management

SS Security Management

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FCAPS Model

FaultManagement

ConfigurationManagement

AccountingManagement

PerformanceManagement

SecurityManagement

AlarmSurveillance

FaultCorrelation

TroubleAdmin

Testing

Planning

Engineering

Installation

Provisioning

Control

UsageMeasure

Pricing /Tariffs

CustomerAccounts

Monitoring

Analysis

Reporting

QualityAssurance

Prevention

Detection

Containment

Recovery

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SNMP - Simple Network Management ProtocolITU RFC 1155 / 1157 / 1448

SNMP Model of a managed network consists of four components:

➨ Management Station - manager controls number of nodes on a network,each equipped with a management agent.

➨ Management Agent - communications intelligence.

➨ Management Information Base (MIB) - collection of information or objectsabout the node where agent resides. Messages from manager to agent results in reading or configuring an object in the MIB.

➨ Network management protocol - manager and agent communicate through anetwork management protocol, enabling the manager to access objects in the agent’s MIBs. In TCP/IP networks, SNMP is an application level protocol using UDP as its underlying transport.)

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The data message containing the SNMP operation iscalled the Protocol Data Unit (PDU).

SNMP - Three basic sets of messages

“GET”

“SET”

“TRAP”

Retrieves the value of an object from an agentMIB (sent by manager).

Configures the value of an object in an agentMIB (sent by manager).

Enables the agent to alert a manger of anevent (sent by agent).

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✻ SCTE Standards Department subcommittee (1 of 7).✻ Official standards body for ANSI in North America.✻ Developing Network Management Interface standards

for the CATV industry in North America.✻ Chairman is Esteban Sandino (AT&T Broadband).✻ All work is SNMP based.✻ PHY layer - MAC layer - MIBs - Traps - Alarm handling.✻ Participants are vendors and CATV operators.

HMS - Hybrid ManagementSubcommittee

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Inter-DomainFault

Management

Network Management For CATV

Electronic Gateways

Call Agents

Policy Server

DHCP/ DNS

Server

Call AgentEMS

Optical EMS

CDR Collection

Billing Platform

TNAdmin

Order Entry Trouble Reporting

OrderManagement

Trouble Management

NetworkInventorySystem

CustomerRecordsDatabase

CableConfig

Manager

CircuitConfig

Dispatch/WorkForceMgmt

OpticalConfigMgmt

RegistrationServer (Web)

IVR System(Voice)

Circuit Switches

ChurnManagement

Billing Inquiries(Web Based)

IDCM

CSR

OneLink

7R/E

CircuitFM

ATM EMS

ATMSwitches

Futu

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evel

opm

ent

DB

DB

OpticalFaultMgmt

CMTS / NIU EMS

Optical Network ElementsCable Network Elements

CableFault

Manager

DB

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Inter-DomainFault

Management


Electronic Gateways

Call Agents

Policy Server

DHCP/ DNS

Server

Call AgentEMS

Optical EMS

CDR Collection

Billing Platform

TNAdmin

Order Entry Trouble Reporting

OrderManagement

Trouble Management

NetworkInventorySystem

CustomerRecordsDatabase

CableConfig

Manager

CircuitConfig

Dispatch/WorkForceMgmt

OpticalConfigMgmt

RegistrationServer (Web)

IVR System(Voice)

Circuit Switches

ChurnManagement

Billing Inquiries(Web Based)

IDCM

CSR

OneLink

7R/E

CircuitFM

ATM EMS

ATMSwitches

Futu

re D

evel

opm

ent

DB

DB

OpticalFaultMgmt

CMTS / NIU EMS

Optical Network ElementsCable Network Elements

CableFault

Manager

DB

Focus on -✔ Fault Management✔ Performance Mgmt

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DistributionHub(s)

FiberTransport &Distribution

High SpeedData CMTS

ChannelInsertion

TelephonyTermination

Opt

ical

Tra

nspo

rt

VideoChannel

Equipmentand Ad

Insertion

TelephonySwitch /Trunks

High SpeedData

Routers,Servers,

and CMTS

Telephonyover

Internet(Pathstar /

7RE)

Headend

Facility, Powering, and Environment

HFC Plant andEnd-userTerminals

EM

EM

EM

EM

EM

EM

EM

EM

Modem

Set-top

VoIP

Cab

le F

ault

Man

agem

ent

Syst

em

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Inter-Domain ManagementSeparates Services from Networks

Business Management

Service Management

Element Management

Standard Interface (HMS)

Network Management:Inter - Domain

Network Management:Domain Specific

Multi-Vendor Support

Inter - Domain Management:• High-speed Data• Switched Access• Video Entertainment• Transport• Control Systems

Standard Interface (SNMP)

Network Elements Support NewNetwork Elements


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Difficulties for CATV companies toinitiate Inter-Domain Management …

New technologies and platforms.

High capital cost for equipment andhardened facility.

Technical staff with unique skill sets,difficult to find, and expensive to hire.

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Network Manager Layer:• Fault Manager• Performance Manager

ElementManager Layer

Element Layer

Fault Manager PerformanceManager

TroubleTicketingSystem

DatabaseTerminalServers

ClientManagement

Stations

ElementManagers (n)

Leased Data Circuits

Elements (n)

BroadbandNOC

Local Networks

ElementManager (1)

Element 1

Element 1

Element 1

ElementManager (2)

Element 2

Element 2

Element 2

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Let’s bring this all together -

✔ Deploy Fault Management andPerformance Management (initially).

✔ Interface existing ElementManagers and new IDFM.

✔ Consider deployment costs …Remote Network ManagementServices?

Thank You!

Documents

Management of Converging Networks · Why Network Management? ... TMN - Telecommunications Management Network (ITU Recommendation M.3010) 13 What Is Network Management? FCAPS - 5 major