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Mat Lab Project

ACMACHINESInstructor:

Engr. SHAHBAZ WARYA

Tt!e:  Design of Single Phase Transformer:"rou# Me$bers:Mu%a$$a& I$ran 'Lea&er(Mu%a$$a& A)asMu%a$$a& *$er +aroo,Sa$u!!a%

T%eoretca! Bac-groun&:

 A transformer  is an electrical device that transfers energy between two or more circuits

through electromagnetic induction. Electromagnetic induction, the principle of the operation

of the transformer, was discovered independently by Michael Faraday in 1831 and oseph

!enry in 183".# Also, Faraday was the first to publish the results of his e$periments and thus

receive credit for the discovery.#%he relationship between EMF and magnetic flu$ is an

e&uation now 'nown as Faraday(s law of induction. his first type of transformer to see wide

use was the induction coil, invented by )ev.*icholas +allan of Maynooth +ollege, reland in

183-. !e was one of the first researchers to realie the more turns the secondary winding

has in relation to the primary winding, the larger the induced secondary EMF will be.

nduction coils evolved from scientists( and inventors( efforts to get higher voltages from

batteries.

n the autumn of 188/, 0roly 2ipernows'y, tt4 5lthy and Mi'sa 67ri 2569, three

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engineers associated with the :an factory, had determined that open;core devices were

impracticable, as they were incapable of reliably regulating voltage. %he :an factory had

also in the autumn of 188/ made delivery of the world(s first five high;efficiency A+

transformers, the first of these units having been shipped on <eptember 1-, 188/.%his first

unit had been manufactured to the following specifications= 1,/>> ?, /> !, 1">=@" ,11.-=1B./ A, ratio 1.-@=1, one;phase, shell form.

n both designs, the magnetic flu$ lin'ing the primary and secondary windings traveled

almost entirely within the confines of the iron core, with no intentional path through air . %he

new transformers were 3./ times more efficient than the open;core bipolar devices of 

:aulard and :ibbs.

Abstract:

 A single;phase transformer is a type of power transformer that utilies single;phase

alternating current, meaning the transformer relies on a voltage cycle that operates in aunified time phase. %hey are often used to step;down long distance andlocalied transmission currents into power levels more suitable for residential and light;commercial applications. %he ratio of primary transformers with a 1=1 ratio can beused to isolate circuits. <ingle;phase transformers abide by hm(s law, and outside of minor inherent loss due to heat, do not create or remove power. <ingle;phasetransformers are more popular than three;phase transformers in non;urban areas, as thecost of a three;phase distribution networ' is much higher, and the overall electricaldemand is lower. %he highest voltage available in a single;phase networ' is regulated byutility infrastructure and industrial regulations. A single;phase transformer is fre&uentlyused for power distribution and voltage reduction for residential and commercialapplications. ?hen used with appliances, the lower voltage output is often rectified into6+ current before powering appliances, such as a computer .!igh;voltage systems

typically employ three-phase transformers to power apartment buildings, retailcenters, factories, offices, and other large;scale structures, as well as electric motorsCsingle;phase power supplies do not produce the rotating magnetic field re&uired toinduce rotation. %hree;phase power systems are more common in cities, where densepower supply demands re&uire transformers that route hundreds or thousands of 0A.

  pes

 %he following transformer types are commonly manufactured to accept andoutput single;phase A+ power.

Autotransor$er:  typically used in low power applications to connectcircuits with dierent voltage classes.

Distribution transformer: this is the oft-seen, pole-mounted transformer

that steps-down current for light-duty electrical applications..

Rect/e& transor$er: converts A to D.

Resonant transor$er: a capacitor is placed across one or !oth

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windings to function so the circuit can !e tuned.

Lg%tng transor$er: supplies low voltages for lighting and other light-

duty applications.

In&ustra! contro! transor$er:  supply power to constant-current or

constant-voltage devices that may !e sensitive to variations in electrical

supply, such as solenoids, relays, or other electromechanical devices.Interace transor$er: isolates communication signals.

Iso!aton transor$er: is not used to step-up or step-down voltages, !ut

rather to !uer circuits from each other.

Multi-ratio transformer = a transformer with several outputs with each output tap corresponding

to a different transformer ratio.

Energy Efficient <ingle Dhase %ransformers Acme(s single phase transformers are designed for use in industrial and commercial

applications. %ransformers rated up to " 'A are enclosed within an encapsulated,

*EMA 3) enclosures. <tandard transformers rated from 3@. to "> 'A are enclosed in

ventilated, *EMA " enclosures optional weathershields to meet *EMA 3) re&uirementsare available9. Acme(s full line of single phase transformers include a range of options for 

primary and secondary winding voltages, stainless steel enclosures for use in corrosive

environments, and >-> ! rated models for e$port applications.

Procedure:

• First of all we open simulin' in matlab.

G %a'e the linear transformer from element of simulin' library.

G %a'e Ac voltage source from library and connect to the primary side of 

transformer through wires.

G +hange the parameters of linear transformer .

G ?e remove the tic' from three winding transformer .

G 5y this it become a single phase transformer .

G +hanging the parameters of primary H secondary windings.

G %a'e the voltage measurement H one side is connected to the secondary side

and other is to the scope.

G All the devices connected through wire.

G +hange th simulation time and by run we chec' the result.

Matlab Tools:

G Dowergui

G Ac voltage source

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G Iinear %ransformer 

G oltage Measurement

G <cope

G

Diagram:

 

Matlab Diagram:

;

Resu!t:

Conc!uson:

"ence we conclude that transformer is a device that step down thevoltage which shown in a!ove graph.

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