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Małgorzata Skrzek-Lubasińska, PhD
Tradition or modernity. Development of self-employment in Poland
by the sections of the economy.
No definitionNo databases (in public statistics)No researchesNo grants
POLAND
?self-employment
Self-employment rate in OECD countries, 2013. (% of total employment)
United States
Norway
Russia
Canada
Denmark
Estonia
Australia
Switzerla
nd
Sweden
Germany
HungaryJapan
Iceland
Israel
Austria
Finland
United Kingdom
Belgium
Nev Zeland
Slovak R
epublic
Euro area (17 co
untries)
Netherlands
European Union (2
7 countri
es)
Slovenia
Ireland
Czech
RepublicSpain
Portugal
PolandIta
lyKorea
Brazil
Mexico
Turkey
Greece
Colombia0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Situation on the labour marketPoland2012-2014
Unemployment rate (IVQ) 2012 – 10,12013 – 9,82014 – 8,1
Total employment2012 – 156362013 – 157132014 – 16018
What is the structure of the self-employed (people running one-man businesses) by sections of NACE code?
Whether the structure is variable and depends on the situation on the labor market?
In what sectors the percentage of self-employed is higher than the national average? Are these more traditional industries (such as construction and trade), or rather innovative, related to the knowledge-based economy, for example sections: information and communication, research and development?
IF bogus self- employment
The better situation on the labour market the lower numer of self-employed the lower growth of self-employment compared
to the total employment growth the lowest growth of self-employment in „modern”,
most competitive and innovative section
Definition:Self-employed - a person conducting non-agricultural business, with no employees hired in an employment relationship.
Data sources:- Statistical data from The Social Insurance Institution, Poland (ZUS) about number of active contributors of health insurance and pension insurance in 2012-2014 - Data from the Central Statistical Office, Poland, panel "Creation and operation conditions and development prospects of Polish enterprises established in the years 2009-2013" and the previous edition.- LFS survey data of the Central Statistical Office, Poland
The structure of the self-employed by the sections of economy (NACE code) in 2013 in Poland
H e a l t h i n s u r a n c e p a y e r s P e n s i o n s i n s u r a n c e p a y e r s T o t a l e m p l o y m e n t0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
7.4 8.0
17.0 10.1
12.3
5.7
20.1
20.7
14.9
6.3
6.8 5.1 1.7
1.7 1.7
3.5
3.7 1.9 3.0
3.0 2.5 1.3
1.2 1.4 11.3
10.8 3.9
2.8
3.0
3.1
2.3 1.9
7.7
9.3 6.5 5.6
0.9 0.9 1.0 3.8 4.2 1.8
other service activities
arts, entertainment and recreation
human health and social work activities
education
administrative and support service ac-tivities
professional, scientific and technical ac-tiveities
real estate activities
financial and insurance activities
information and communication
accommodation and catering
transportation and storage
trade
construction
manufacturing
The number of active contribution payers for pension insurance and health insurance
Pension insurance Health insurance Total In this: Total In this:
Solo contribution payers (with no employee)
Solo contribution payers (with no employee)
2012 r. 1 737 638 897 270 2 195 338 1 324 6712013 r. 1 812 788 925 017 2 285 207 1 330 4012014 r. 1 853 515 950 320 2 341 403 1 368 405
Growth of self-employed number Decrease of self-employed number
Information and communicationProfessional, scientific and technical activitiesReal estate activitiesOther service activitiesHuman health and social work activitiesAdministrative and support service activitiesArts, entertainment and recreation
AgricultureConstructionManufacturingTradeAccommodation and cateringTransportation and storage
Health insurance payers – years 2012-2014
Conclusion:
Self-employment in Poland is an alternative form of work for highly qualified individual professionals in the knowledge-based economy rather, than a form of forced labour.
Restrictions:- Limited database- Limited period of obserwationResearch should be repeated in the next periods.
