Making services work for poor people: the science and politics of

WDR 2004 10th anniversary conference28th February - 1st March; World Bank, Washington DC

Making services work for poor people: the science and politics of delivery

Agenda, background reading, speakers’ biographies and list of participants

Making services work for poor people: the science and politics of delivery 1

Making services work for poor people: the science and politics of delivery

WDR 2004 10th anniversary conference - 28th February to 1st March, 2014

The World Bank, Washington DC

The 2004 World Development Report (WDR), Making Services Work for Poor People, is recognised as ground-breaking in its appraisal of accountability relationships and performance for service delivery. Ten years on, what have we learnt about the science and politics of service delivery – and what are the emerging issues that will shape future priorities?

Much of the WDR’s core analysis on the centrality of accountability relationships for service delivery continues to be borne out by research and practice, although emerging themes in the international development landscape highlight some tensions. In collaboration with the original WDR team, this event will provide an opportunity to discuss new developments in service delivery, reflect on data, trends and experience in different sectors, and revisit the original publication’s core ideas and analysis.

The main themes of the conference will be:

• The politics of delivery• Information and incentives• Behavioural economics and social norms • Service delivery in fragile states• Financing service delivery

These themes will be explored in a range of parallel sessions, structured as follows:

Guide to the parallel sessions

Debate session Contentious issues on which people disagree will be debated by each side making the strongest possible case for their position

Perspectives session Cutting-edge issues on which each presenter will provide a different perspective

Experiences session Lessons from applying the WDR2004 framework in practice


Friday 28th February 2014

8.00 – 9.00am: Breakfast

9.00am – 10.30am: Session 1 – Plenary – Video

Auditorium Makhtar Diop, Vice President for the Africa Region World Bank

Welcoming remarks

Ten years of making services work for poor people: what WDR2004 got right - and wrong

Shanta Devarajan, World Bank (Speaker)Ruth Levine, Hewlett Foundation (Respondent) Kevin Watkins, Overseas Development Institute (ODI) (Respondent) Tim Harford, author of “Adapt – why success always starts with failure” (Chair)

10.30am – 11.00am: Coffee available in the auditorium, 5P and 8P

11.00am – 12.30pm: Session 2 – Parallel sessions on:

2.1: F 5P-100 (5th floor) Alison Evans, Independent; Charles Kenny, Center for Global Development (CGD); Steve Knack, World Bank; Lant Pritchett, Harvard University; Stefan Dercon, United Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID) (Chair)

Does foreign aid weaken domestic accountability for service delivery?

2.2: F 8P-100 (8th floor) Yamini Aiyar, Centre for Policy Research India (via VC); Daniel Harris, ODI; Naomi Hossain, Institute of Development Studies; Stuti Khemani, World Bank; Shekhar Shah, National Council of Applied Economic Research; Leni Wild, ODI (Chair)

Does politics trump everything else in service delivery?

2.3: Auditorium Rukmini Banerji, Pratham (via VC); Shanta Devarajan, World Bank; Justin Sandefur, Center for Global Development; Emiliana Vegas, Inter-American Development Bank; Marta Foresti, ODI (Chair)

How do politicians and providers respond to information?

12.30pm – 1.30pm: Lunch

Conference agenda

mms://wbmswebcast1.worldbank.org/MNA/2014-02-28/10th_Anniversary_of_the_WDR_Conference-121216.asf

http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTMENA/Resources/Session1inAuditoriumShantaDevarajan.pdf

http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTMENA/Resources/Session1inAuditoriumKevinWatkins.pdf


1:30pm – 3:00 pm: Session 3 – Parallel sessions on:

3.1: F 5P-100 (5th floor) Richard Batley, University of Birmingham; Egbert Sondorp, Royal Tropical Institute; Rebecca Winthrop, Brookings Institution; Deon Filmer, World Bank (Chair)

Delivering services under stress – experiences from a range of post conflict context

3.2: F 8P-100 (8th floor) Jean-Paul Faguet, London School of Economics; Vijayendra Rao, World Bank; Paul Smoke, New York University; Leni Wild/Bryn Welham, ODI; Junaid Ahmad, World Bank (Chair)

If “all politics is local”, is decentralisation the solution?

3.3: Auditorium Jishnu Das, World Bank; Michael Kremer, Harvard University; Justin Sandefur, CGD; Philipp Krause, ODI (Chair)Non-state providers and service

delivery outcomes

3.00pm – 3.30pm: Coffee available in the auditorium, 5P and 8P

3.30pm – 5.00pm: Session 4 – Parallel sessions on:

4.1: F 5P-100 (5th floor)

Improving service delivery: changing incentives or social norms?

4.2: F 8P-100 (8th floor) Hana Brixi, World Bank; Robert Chase, World Bank; Sarah Keener, World Bank; Qaiser Khan, World Bank; Ariel Fiszbein, Inter-American Dialogue (Chair)

Views from the field: the 2004WDR in South Asia, Latin America, Africa and MENA

4.3: Auditorium Gayle Martin, World Bank; Rakesh Rajani, Twaweza; Jakob Svensson, Stockholm University; Andrew Norton, ODI (Chair)How does information empower

poor people?

5.00 – 6.00 pm: Session 5 – Plenary – Video

AuditoriumKeynote address

Tim Harford, author of “Adapt – why success always starts with failure”Emmanuel Jimenez, World Bank (Chair)

6 – 7.00 pm: Poster presentations

Cocktails, with poster presentations on lessons from impact evaluation

7.30 pm: Dinner – By invitation only

Pascaline Dupas, Stanford University; Varun Gauri, World Bank; JeffHammer, Princeton University; Karthik Muralidharan, University of California, San Diego; Steve Commins, University of California, Los Angeles (Chair)

http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTMENA/Resources/RichardBatley.pdf

http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTMENA/Resources/Session32JeanPaulFaguet.pdf

http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTMENA/Resources/Session3.2LeniWildBrynWelham.pdf

http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTMENA/Resources/Session3.2LeniWildBrynWelham.pdf

http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTMENA/Resources/VarunGauri.pdf

http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTMENA/Resources/Session4.2QaiserKhan.pdf


http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTMENA/Resources/TimHarfordAdaptPresentationWorldBankFeb2014.pdf

http://www.odi.org.uk/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/events-presentations/1587.pdf


Saturday 1st March 2014

8.00am – 9.00am: Breakfast

9.00am – 10.30am: Session 6 – Plenary – Video

AuditoriumInnovative approaches to scaling up service delivery

Stefan Dercon, DFIDHomi Kharas, Brookings Institution Michael Kremer, Harvard University Nora Lustig, Tulane UniversityPaul Collier, Oxford University (Chair)

10.30am – 10.45am: Coffee available in the auditorium, 5P and 8P

10.45am – 12.15pm: Session 7 – Parallel sessions on:

7.1: F 5P-100 (5th floor) Derick Brinkerhoff, RTI International; Paul Collier, Oxford University; Jacob Shapiro, Princeton University; Rachel Slater, ODI/Secure Livelihoods Research Consortium; Alan Whaites, OECD (Chair)

Fragile states: is there a tradeoff between delivering services and building institutions?

7.2: F 8P-100 (8th floor) Ehtisham Ahmad, London School of Economics; Matt Andrews, Harvard University; Zitto Kabwe, Tanzania Member of Parliament; Philipp Krause, ODI; Edward Hedger, ODI (Chair)

How can public financialmanagement and tax reforms strengthen service delivery?

12.15pm – 1.15pm: Session 8 – Plenary – Video

AuditoriumPriorities and challenges for the next decade of service delivery

Deon Filmer, World Bank Marta Foresti, ODI Mwangi Kimenyi, Brookings InstitutionLant Pritchett, Harvard University Rakesh Rajani, Twaweza Alison Evans, Independent (Chair)

1.15pm: Lunch

mms://wbmswebcast1.worldbank.org/MNA/2014-03-01/10th_Anniversary_of_the_WDR-121220.asf

http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTMENA/Resources/DerickBrinkerhoff.pdf

http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTMENA/Resources/Session71JacobShapiro.pdf

http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTMENA/Resources/Session72EhtishamAhmad.pdf



Background reading for parallel sessions

2.1: Does foreign aid weaken domestic accountability for service delivery?

Booth, David. (2013) ‘Facilitating development: an arm’s length approach to aid.’ ODI.http://bit.ly/1bs2boX

Kenny, Charles. (2006) ‘What Is Effective Aid? How Would Donors Allocate It?’ World Bank.http://bit.ly/1dREBB6

2.2: Does politics trump everything else in service delivery?

Aiyar, Yamini and Mehta, Soumya Kapoor. (Forthcoming) ‘Spectators or Participants? Examining the Effects of Social Audits on Citizen-State Relations and the Local Politics of Corruption in Andhra Pradesh.’

Devarajan, Shantayanan; Khemani, Stuti and Walton, Michael. (2013). ‘Can Civil Society Overcome Government Failure in Africa?’ World Bank.http://bit.ly/1p1JUm2

Harris, Daniel; Wales, Joseph; Jones, Harry and Rana, Tirtha with Lal Chitrakar, Roshan. (2013) ‘Human resources for health in Nepal - the politics of access in remote areas.’ ODI.http://bit.ly/NgUMNY

Hossain, Naomi. (2009) ‘Rude Accountability in the Unreformed State: Informal Pressures on Frontline Bureaucrats in Bangladesh.’ IDS.http://bit.ly/1mvVS8F

Khemani, Stuti. (2013) ‘Buying Votes Vs. Supplying Public Services: Political Incentives to Under-invest in Pro-poor Policies.’ World Bank.http://bit.ly/1mdPdwn

Wild, Leni and Foresti, Marta. (2013) ‘Working with the politics: how to improve public services for the poor.’ ODI.http://bit.ly/NgYSps

http://bit.ly/1bs2boX



http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/1813-9450-4005

http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/1813-9450-4005

http://bit.ly/1p1JUm2




http://bit.ly/NgUMNY




http://www.ids.ac.uk/publication/rude-accountability-in-the-unreformed-state-informal-pressures-on-frontline-bureaucrats-in-bangladesh



http://econ.worldbank.org/external/default/main?pagePK=64165259&theSitePK=469372&piPK=64165421&menuPK=64166093&entityID=000158349_20130128102901



http://bit.ly/NgYSps




2.3: How do politicians and providers respond to information?

Ayalew Ali, Daniel; Collin, Matthew; Deininger, Klaus; Dercon, Stefan; Sandefur, Justin; Zeitlin, Andrew. (2013) ‘The Price of Empowerment: Experimental Evidence on the Demand for Land Titles and Female Co-Titling in Urban Tanzania.’ International Growth Center.http://bit.ly/1mvVXcs

Banerji, Rukmini. (2014) ‘Searching for the ‘silver bullet’: What works in improving children’s learning outcomes?’ Ideas for India.http://bit.ly/1aa0l9D

Bold, Tessa; Kimenyi, Mwangi; Mwabu, Germano; Ng’ang’a, Alice and Sandefur, Justin. (2013) ‘Scaling-up What Works: Experimental Evidence on External Validity in Kenyan Education.’ Center for Global Development.http://bit.ly/1c4GIgG

Sandefur, Justin; Siddiqiz, Bilal. (2013) ‘Delivering Justice to the Poor: Theory and Experimental Evidence from Liberia.’http://bit.ly/1ctPTKZ

Vegas, Emiliana and Ganimian, Alejandro. (2013) ‘Theory and Evidence on Teacher Policies in Developed and Developing Countries.’ IDB.http://bit.ly/OhYJmA

3.1: Delivering services under stress – experiences from a range of post conflict contexts

Batley, R.A. and Mcloughlin, C.M. (2010) ‘Engagement with non-state service providers in fragile states’, Development Policy Review, Volume 28, No.2, 2010, Pages,131-154http://bit.ly/1hawXkf

Bornemisza, O.; Ranson, K.; Poletti, T.; Sondorp, E. (2010) ‘Promoting health equity in conflict-affected fragile states ’ Social Science & Medicine, Volume 70, Issue 1, Pages 80-8http://bit.ly/1jSJFZQ

http://www.theigc.org/sites/default/files/Ayalew%20Ali%20et%20al%202013.pdf





http://bit.ly/1aa0l9D



http://international.cgdev.org/doc/kenya_rct_webdraft.pdf




http://bilalsiddiqi.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Delivering_Justice_to_the_Poor_2013-11-15.pdf

http://bilalsiddiqi.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Delivering_Justice_to_the_Poor_2013-11-15.pdf

http://bit.ly/OhYJmA




http://bit.ly/1hawXkf




http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953609006236#




3.2: If “all politics is local”, is decentralisation the solution?

Ahmad, Junaid; Devarajan, Shantayanan; Khemani, Stuti and Shah, Shekhar. (2005) ‘Decentralization And Service Delivery.’ World Bank.http://bit.ly/Niao3N

Faguet, Jean-Paul. (2014) ‘Decentralization and Governance.’ World Development, Volume 53, Pages 2–13http://bit.ly/1fh1WIh

Local Development International LLC/DFID (2013), ‘The Role of Decentralisation/Devolution in Improving Development Outcomes at the Local Level: Review of the Literature and Selected Cases.’ http://bit.ly/1fh94ui

Mansuri, Ghazala and Rao, Vijayendra. (2013) ‘Localizing Development: Does Participation Work?’ World Bank.http://bit.ly/1jSJIVw

Smoke, Paul. (2013) ‘Why Theory and Practice are Different: The Gap Between Principles and Reality in Subnational Revenue Systems.’ International Center for Public Policy, Andrew Young School of Policy Studies, Georgia State University.http://bit.ly/1ctR2Cl

Welham, Bryn; Krause, Philipp and Hedger, Edward. (2013) ‘Linking public financial management dimensions to development priorities ’ ODI.http://bit.ly/1ii1Tjo

Wild, Leni and Cammack, Diana. (2013) ‘The supply and distribution of essential medicines in Malawi: summary findings ’ ODI.http://bit.ly/1brZvHJ

3.3: Non-state providers and service delivery outcomes

Bold, Tessa; Kimenyi, Mwangi; Mwabu, Germano; Ng’ang’a, Alice and Sandefur, Justin. (2013) Scaling-up What Works: Experimental Evidence on External Validity in Kenyan Education. Center for Global Development.http://bit.ly/1c4GIgG

http://bit.ly/Niao3N




http://bit.ly/1fh1WIh



http://bit.ly/1fh94ui




http://go.worldbank.org/EIZBM7KPS0

http://go.worldbank.org/EIZBM7KPS0

http://bit.ly/1ctR2Cl






http://bit.ly/1brZvHJ









4.1: Improving service delivery: changing incentives or social norms?

Brinks, Daniel M. and Gauri, Varun. (2012) ‘The Law’s Majestic Equality? The Distributive Impact of Litigating Social and Economic Rights.’ World Bank. http://bit.ly/1fgOqo0

Das, Jishnu and Jeffrey Hammer. (2014) ‘Quality of Primary Care in Low-Income Countries’. Annual Review of Economics. http://bit.ly/1eXtrXi

Dizon-Ross, Rebecca; Dupas, Pascaline and Robinson, Jonathan. (Forthcoming) ‘Governance and Effectiveness of Public Health Subsidies.’ Stanford.

Duflo Esther; Dupas, Pascaline and Kremer, Michael. (2012) ‘School Governance, Pupil-Teacher-Ratios, and Teacher Incentives: Experimental Evidence from Kenyan Primary Schools.’ NBER.http://stanford.io/1jQVw7F

Muralidharan, Karthik. (2013) ‘Using evidence for better policy: The case of primary education in India’. Ideas for India.http://bit.ly/1eaHc4K

http://bit.ly/1fgOqo0




http://bit.ly/1eXtrXi




http://stanford.io/1jQVw7F




http://bit.ly/1eaHc4K





4.2: Views from the field: the 2004 WDR in South Asia, Latin America, Africa and MENA

Brixi, Hana; Mu, Yan; Targa, Beatrice and Hipgrave, David. (2012) ‘Engaging sub-national governments in addressing health equities: challenges and opportunities in China’s health system reform.’ Health Policy and Planning Volume 28, Issue 8, Pages 809-824.http://bit.ly/1hosnit

Fiszbein, Ariel and Matsuda, Yasuhiko. (2012) ‘Matching Reforms to Institutional Realities: A Framework for Assessing Social Service Delivery Reform Strategies in Developing Countries’. World Bank.http://bit.ly/1oWgrtD

Khan, Qaiser and Stopnitzky, Yaniv. (2007) ‘To the MDGs and beyond : accountability and institutional innovation in Bangladesh.’ World Bank. http://bit.ly/NqJFC9

World Bank (2013). ‘Improving Basic Services for the Bottom Forty Percent: Results of the Poverty and Social Impact Assessment of Decentralized Basic Service Delivery in Ethiopia.’

World Bank (2013). ‘The Road Not Traveled : Education Reform in the Middle East and North Africa’http://bit.ly/1k2SRYv

‘The World Bank Health Nutrition and Population Sector Strategy for MENA.’ (2013-2018)http://bit.ly/MTdN9k

4.3: How does information empower poor people?

Rajani, Rakesh. (2011) ‘Experts in an Open Society’. World Bank.http://bit.ly/1eXzP0E

http://bit.ly/1hosnit





http://bit.ly/1oWgrtD




http://bit.ly/NqJFC9




http://bit.ly/1k2SRYv



http://bit.ly/MTdN9k




7.1: Fragile states: is there a tradeoff between delivering servic-es and building institutions?

‘A new deal for engagement in fragile states.’ International Dialogue on Peacebuilding and Statebuilding. http://bit.ly/1e9ExNs

Berman, Eli; Felter, Joe; Shapiro, Jacob N.; Troland, Erin. (2013) ‘Effective aid in conflict zones’ Vox.http://bit.ly/1eXC97Y

Brinkerhoff, Derick W. (2008) ‘From Humanitarian and Post-conflict Assistance to Health Systems Strengthening: Clarifying the Transition and the Role of NGOs’. U.S. Agency for International Development, Health Systems 20/20.http://bit.ly/1jMe0G8

Slater, Rachel and Carpenter, Samuel. (2012) Service delivery and state-building: the 46.7 billion dollar question? ODI. http://bit.ly/1c7rYO8

OECD (2011), Supporting Statebuilding in Situations of Conflictand Fragility: Policy Guidance, DAC Guidelines and Reference Series, OECD Publishing.http://bit.ly/MnJ1o6

Whaites, Alan. (2008) States in Development: Understanding State-building. DFID.http://bit.ly/1hgMWyG

7.2: How can public financial man-agement and tax reforms strength-en service delivery?

Ahmad, Ehtisham and Best, Michael. (2012) ‘Financing Social Policy in the Presence of Informality’. LSE.http://bit.ly/1eaKWmR

Andrews, Matt. (2013) ‘How Do Governments Get Great?’ Harvard Kennedy School.http://bit.ly/1jSO9zI

Krause, Philipp. (2014) ‘The service delivery agenda: beware, there be donughts!’ Beyond Budgtets.http://bit.ly/1fk0glx

http://bit.ly/1e9ExNs



http://bit.ly/1eXC97Y



http://bit.ly/1jMe0G8





http://bit.ly/1c7rYO8



http://bit.ly/MnJ1o6




http://bit.ly/1hgMWyG



http://bit.ly/1eaKWmR



http://bit.ly/1jSO9zI



http://bit.ly/1fk0glx




Biographies: speakers and chairs

7.2: How can public financial management and tax reforms strengthen service delivery?

Dr. Ehtisham Ahmad is Senior Fellow at the Center for Economic Research at the University of Bonn and at the Asia Research Center at the London School of Economics (LSE). He has written widely on public policy and fiscal reforms, governance, fiscal federalism and poverty reduction. Some recent papers have been on Governance and Institutions for multilevel service delivery. His recent books include Handbook of Multilevel Finance, Elgar 2014 (with Giorgio Brosio); Effective Federalism and Local Finance, in the Mark Blaug Series of Critical Writings in Economics, 2011 (with Giorgio Brosio); Fiscal reforms in the Middle East, Elgar 2010 (with A Al-Faris); Handbook of Fiscal Federalism, Edward Elgar 2006, and Does Decentralization Enhance Service Delivery and Poverty Reduction? Edward Elgar 2009 (with Giorgio Brosio). Some earlier books include Managing Fiscal Decentralization, Routledge 2002 (with Vito Tanzi); Theory and Practice of Tax Reform in Developing Countries; Cambridge University Press 1991 (with Nicholas Stern); Social Security in Developing Countries, Oxford University Press 1992 (with Jean Drèze, John Hills and Amartya Sen); Financing Decentralized Expenditures, Elgar 1998. At the IMF during 1990-2010, he held positions including Senior Advisor at the Executive Board; Advisor and Division Chief, Fiscal Affairs Department. He was Special Advisor to the Minister of Finance and National Economy, Saudi Arabia, during 1996-1998, on leave from the IMF. He was on the World Bank team for the 1990 World Development Report “Poverty”. He has also been Director of the Development Economics Research Program, STICERD, LSE (1986-1990), and Deputy Director of the Development Economics Research Center at Warwick University (to 1986). Dr. Ahmad was Advisor in the Office of the UAE Prime Minister (February-end April 2010, and was a “pro bono” Advisor to the Pakistan Finance Minister (May-August 2010—advising on the implementation of tax reforms in a multilevel context). Dr. Ahmad has worked extensively in Asia, Africa, Middle East and Latin America.


Junaid Ahmad, a Bangladeshi national, is Director, Sustainable Development, for the Middle East and North Africa Region at the World Bank. He is responsible for the Bank’s portfolio in MNA covering infrastructure, urban, natural resources, social development and decentralization and local government. Mr. Ahmad has worked extensively in Africa, South Asia and the Middle East focusing on constitutional reform and federalism, city governance, public finance and service delivery reforms. Mr. Ahmad has published in these areas and was one of the co-authors of the 2004 WDR Making Services Work for Poor People. An economist by training, Mr. Ahmad graduated from Brown University with BA in Economics, Masters in Public Policy Degree from Harvard and a Phd from Stanford University in Applied Economics. Mr. Ahmad was previously based in South Africa and India where he worked on city reforms. He is co-founder of Bangladesh’s first private universit , North South University.


Yamini Aiyar is the Director of the Accountability Initiative (AI) at the Centre for Policy Research, New Delhi. AI is a research group that focusses on tracking government planning, budgeting and decision-making systems in key social sector programs with a view to strengthening public debate on issues of governance, institutions and accountability for public services. AI draws on this research to bridge the gap between evidence and action by seeking to engage citizens in conducting tracking exercises, developing structured capacity building courses on public administration and accountability and seeking partnerships with government to develop models for strengthening public expenditure management and local planning. Prior to joining the Centre for Policy Research Yamini worked at the World Bank and the Ford Foundation. She has extensive research and implementation experience on issues related to strengthening citizen participation in public services. Yamini has an MSc in Development Studies from the London School of Economics and received an M.A. degree in Social and Political Sciences at St. Edmund’s College, Cambridge University, UK. She also holds a BA degree in Philosophy from St. Stephen’s College, Delhi University.


Matt Andrews is Associate Professor of Public Policy at Harvard’s Kennedy School. Prior to this he was a public sector specialist at the World Bank and before that he worked in the government of KwaZulu Natal in South Africa. Matt’s research focuses on the challenge of building state capability in developing countries. He has written numerous articles on the subject and a book with Cambridge University Press called The Limits of Institutional Reform in Development. In this work, Matt emphasizes the importance of the process of change and development, not just the products of such.



Dr. Rukmini Banerji has been associated with Pratham since 1996. She is a member of the national leadership team of the organization. Until recently, she was responsible for Pratham’s programs and activities in several major states like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal and Assam. She has extensive field experience both in program implementation as well as in assessment, evaluation, survey and research. Initially trained as an economist in India, she did her B.A. at St. Stephen’s College and attended the Delhi School of Economics. She was a Rhodes Scholar at the Oxford University and completed her Ph.D. at the University of Chicago. She did her post-doctoral work at the Population Research Center at the University of Chicago and later worked as a program officerat the Spencer Foundation in Chicago before returning to India in 1996. Originally from Bihar, she is now based in New Delhi. Rukmini has led the Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) effort since its launch in 2005. ASER is a nation-wide household survey of children conducted each year in every rural district in India. It is the only current source of information in the country on children’s ability to read and do basic arithmetic. ASER has been acknowledged nationally and internationally for its innovativeness in involving citizens and for its impact on education policy and practice. Rukmini currently heads the ASER Centre. In 2008, Rukmini was awarded the Maulana Abul Kalam Shiksha Puraskar by the Bihar Government. She was the first recipient of this award. She has represented Pratham and the ASER Centre at a variety of national and international forums. She is currently a member of the CABE (Central Advisory Board of Education) Committee of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India. She was also a co-chair for the Global Learning Metrics Task Force convened by the Brookings Institution and UNESCO.


Richard Batley is Emeritus Professor of Development Administration at the International Development Department, School of Government and Society, University of Birmingham. He is also a senior research associate of ODI His research interests are in government, service delivery, non-state service provision, public-private partnership, regulation, urban policy, and aid management. He has experience in Britain, Latin America, Africa and South Asia. He led a research project on relations between government and non-government service providers in three South Asian countries, funded by the Economic and Social Research Council (2006-09). He was lead adviser for the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development on the development of a handbook on contracting out government funding and services in fragile states (2010). Current research is on the politics of service provision in developing countries with the Overseas Development Institute, on the politics of inclusive service provision in effective states with the University of Manchester, and on non-state education provision for DFID.

7.1: Fragile states: is there a tradeoff between delivering services and building institutions?

Dr. Derick W. Brinkerhoff is Distinguished Fellow in International Public Management with RTI International (Research Triangle Institute) and is an associate faculty member at George Washington University’s Trachtenberg School of Public Policy and Public Administration. He is a specialist in policy implementation, strategic management, democracy and governance, decentralization, civil society and NGOs, post-conflict reconstruction, and organizational change. He has worked with public agencies, NGOs, and the US military across a broad range of development sectors in 30 countries. He has served on technical advisory groups for the World Bank, OECD/DAC, USAID, and the United Nations. Dr. Brinkerhoff is a co-editor for the journal, Public Administration and Development, and on the editorial boards of Public Administration Review, and International Review of Administrative Sciences. Dr. Brinkerhoff has published extensively, including eight books and numerous articles and book chapters. He holds a doctorate in public policy and administration from Harvard University and a masters in public administration from the University of California, Riverside. He is a Fellow of the National Academy of Public Administration, elected in 2010.


Dr. Hana Brixi currently serves as Lead Economist for Human Development in the Middle East and North Africa Region. Prior to her current position, Dr Brixi led the World Bank’s social protection and labor program in South East Asia countries. In her career with the World Bank since 1995, she served as Senior Country Economist in China and Senior Economist and Public Sector Specialist in East Asia and the Pacific Region and Europe and Central Asia Region. She authored World Bank China report Promoting Growth with Equity; led the Bank-wide Quality of Fiscal Adjustment Thematic Group, promoting innovation in public finance and public sector management; and managed projects and analytical activities on public finance governance, and human development. During 2004-2010, Dr. Brixi took a leave from the Bank to serve as WHO Health Sector Development Coordinator in China, and subsequently as UNICEF Social Policy Chief in China. In these positions, she contributed to China’s policy reforms in health, social protection, and service delivery & financing During 2004-2010, she was a Visiting Professor at Tsinghua University, School of Public Policy and Management, in Beijing. Dr. Brixi’s publications include book Government at Risk (Oxford University Press). She holds graduate degree in economics and public policy from Woodrow Wilson School, Princeton University; post-graduate certificate in finance from the Sloan Business School, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); and a PhD in physics from Masaryk University, Czech Republic.



Robert S. Chase is Lead Human Development Economist for the World Bank’s South Asia Region, based in New Delhi. In that capacity, he manages the analytic and knowledge agenda for education, health and social protection, promoting cross-sectoral, evidence-based solutions to the region’s service delivery challenges. He has addressed issues of promoting improved service delivery results in several previous World Bank positions, including as Lead Social Development Economist, Human Development Sector Leader, and Task Team Leader for the Promoting Basic Services Program in Ethiopia, based in Addis Ababa; Bank-wide focal point on the Demand for Good Governance (DFGG); and leader of the Community Driven Development and Local Governance team and community of practice. Prior to joining the World Bank, he was a member of the faculty of Johns Hopkins School for Advanced International Studies (SAIS), coordinating the development economics program. He was Olin Post Doctoral Fellow of International Security Studies at the Yale Center for International and Area Studies, received his Ph.D. in Economics from Yale University, and graduated from Williams College with a BA in Political Economy. His research and publications focus on evaluation of efforts to support community engagement and social capital, effects of education, health and labor market changes on household welfare, and strategies for improved development assistance.

6: Innovative approaches to scaling up service delivery


Paul Collier is Professor of Economics and Public Policy at the Blavatnik School of Government; a Professorial Fellow of St Antony’s College; and Co-Director of the Centre for the Study of African Economies, Oxford. From 1998–2003 he took a five-year Public Service leave during which he was Director of the Research Development Department of the World Bank. He is currently a Professeur invité at Sciences Po, and at Paris 1. In 2008 Paul was awarded a CBE ‘for services to scholarship and development’. Paul is currently adviser to the Strategy and Policy Department of the International Monetary Fund, adviser to the Africa Region of the World Bank, and adviser to DfID. He has written for the New York Times, the Financial Times, the Wall Street Journal, and the Washington Post. His research covers the causes and consequences of civil war; the effects of aid and the problems of democracy in low-income and natural-resources rich societies. Recent books include The Bottom Billion (Oxford University Press, 2007) which in 2008 won the Lionel Gelber, Arthur Ross and Corine prizes and in May 2009 was the joint winner of the Estoril Global Issues Distinguished Book prize; Wars, Guns and Votes: Democracy in Dangerous Places (Vintage Books, 2009); and The Plundered Planet: How to reconcile prosperity with nature (Oxford University Press, 2010). His latest book is Exodus: How migration is changing our world (Oxford University Press, 2013) In 2014, Paul received a knighthood for services to promoting research and policy change in Africa.


Stephen Commins is a Lecturer in Urban Planning and the Associate Director for Global Public Affairs for the Luskin School at UCLA. His current courses are on urbanization in developing countries; NGOs, CSOs, and Social Movements; climate change, water and health; and disaster management. He is also Strategy and Partnerships Specialist at International Medical Corps.Dr. Commins was Senior Human Development Specialist at the World Bank from 1999-2005. His work at the World Bank included the establishment of the Bank’s children and youth cluster, and a survey of service delivery programs implemented by civil society organizations. Commins was one of the co-authors of the World Bank’s World Development Report 2004, “Making Services Work for Poor People”. Following the Report’s publication in 2003, he managed several initiatives on service delivery in post-conflict countries and the relationships between political reform and improved services. Since leaving the World Bank, he has continued to work on service delivery programs, including the major study,”Service Delivery in Fragile States: Good Practice for Donors”, for the OECD. Other work has included “testing the DFID state building” framework in Lao PDR and Cambodia, managing studies on disasters and safety nets for the World Bank in Bangladesh, a co-authored paper on participation, accountability and decentralization in Africa, and producing studies on health systems strengthening in fragile states and on sub-national fragility in India and Pakistan for the HLSP Institute. Other recent work includes a long term study of livelihoods and post-conflict reconstruction in Pakistan, and the ‘new deal’ on aid for fragile and conflict affected states He currently works as the WDR2015 consultation coordinator.


Jishnu Das, is a Lead Economist in the Development Research Group (Human Development and Public Services Team) at The World Bank and a Visiting Fellow at The Center for Policy Research, New Delhi. Jishnu’s work focuses on the delivery of basic services, particularly health and education. He has worked on the quality of health care, mental health, information in health and education markets, child learning and test-scores and the determinants of trust. His work has been published in leading economics, health and education journals and widely covered in the media and policy forums. In 2011 he was part of the core team on the World Development Report on Gender and Development. He received the George Bereday Award from the Comparative and International Education Society and the Stockholm Challenge Award for the best ICT project in the public administration category in 2006, and the Research Academy award from the World Bank in 2013 . He is currently working on long-term projects on health and education markets in Kenya, India and Pakistan.




Stefan Dercon is Chief Economist at the Department for International Development, London. He is also Professor of Development Economics at the University of Oxford, associated to the Department of International Development and to the Centre for the Study of African Economies, Oxford. He is Professorial Fellow at Wolfson College, and previously has held academic positions in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia), Leuven (Belgium) and WIDER Helsinki (Finland). Stefan Dercon’s research has emphasized the application of microeconomics and statistics to the analysis of development problems. He has published in top general and field journals in economics and other disciplines on diverse topics, including risk and poverty, the foundations of growth in poor societies, agriculture and rural institutions, migration, political economy, childhood poverty, social and geographic mobility, micro-insurance, and measurement issues related to poverty and vulnerability. He has worked extensively in Ethiopia, Tanzania and India, and across Africa. At DFID, he is focusing on the use of evidence to improve the quality of development policy design and evaluation across a wide range of development issues. He is also closely involved in further developing the role of economic development in DFID’s work, updating DFID’s business model and other strategic issues.

1: Ten years of making services work for poor people: what WDR2004 got right - and wrong


Shantayanan Devarajan is the Chief Economist of the World Bank’s Middle East and North Africa Region. Since joining the World Bank in 1991, he has been a Principal Economist and Research Manager for Public Economics in the Development Research Group, and the Chief Economist of the Human Development Network, of the South Asia Region, and of the Africa Region. He was the director of the World Development Report 2004, Making Services Work for Poor People. Before 1991, he was on the faculty of Harvard University’s John F. Kennedy School of Government. The author or co-author of over 100 publications, Mr. Devarajan’s research covers public economics, trade policy, natural resources and the environment, and general equilibrium modeling of developing countries. Born in Sri Lanka, Mr. Devarajan received his B.A. in mathematics from Princeton University and his Ph.D. in economics from the University of California, Berkeley.

1: Welcoming remarks Makhtar Diop is the World Bank Vice President for the Africa Region since May 6, 2012.Before taking up this position, he was the World Bank Country Director for Brazil between January 2009 and April 2012, and previously held the positions of Director of Strategy and Operations of the Latin America and the Caribbean Region, and Sector Director for Finance, Private Sector and Infrastructure in the same region. Between 2002 and 2005 Mr. Diop was the Bank’s Country Director for Kenya, Eritrea, and Somalia. Before joining the World Bank, Mr. Diop worked at the International Monetary Fund, and served as Minister of Economy and Finance in Senegal.


Pascaline Dupas is an Associate Professor of Economics at Stanford University. Previously she held appointments at Dartmouth College and at the University of California, Los Angeles. She is a development economist studying the determinants of and returns to human capital accumulation (health and education) and technology adoption in sub-Saharan Africa. Dupas completed her Ph.D. in Economics at the Ecole des Hautes Études and Sciences Sociales in Paris in 2006. She is a Research Associate at the NBER, a Fellow of the Bureau for Research and Economic Analysis of Development (BREAD), an affiliate of the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab, the Center for Effective Global Action, and Innovations for Poverty Action.


8: Priorities and challenges for the next decade of service delivery

Dr Alison Evans is an economist with extensive experience working across research, policy and evaluation. Her career has spanned teaching economics at the University of Sussex, working as a senior economist at the World Bank, during which time she was part of the core team producing the WDR 1997 and lead author of the Bank’s first Annual Review of Development Effectiveness in 1998, and leading the Overseas Development Institute (ODI) through one of its most rapid periods of growth and change. She stepped down as ODI Director in April 2013. Currently working independently, Alison is a frequent advisor to senior decision makers across the bilateral and multilateral development system. She is a Non-Executive Director of Oxford Policy Management (UK), vice-chair of the Board of Trustees of BBC Media Action (formerly the BBC World Service Trust) and a Board member of the North-South Institute in Ottawa, Canada.



Professor Faguet works at the frontier between economics and politics, using quantitative and qualitative methods to. investigate the institutions and organizational forms that underpin rapid development. Specific fields include political economy, comparative politics, development economics and public economics. Professor Faguet is interested in decentralization and local governance, the interactions between civil society and public sector effectiveness, how civic cooperation can degenerate into social conflict and spatial patterns of politics and violence at the subnational level, especially in Latin America and South Asia. Longer-term interests include the application of institutional theory to development statics and dynamics, the death of foreign aid and the rise of “development clubs”, the theory of \’social enterprise\’, \’structural power\’, and how to blend qualitative and quantitative methodologies for social science research. Professor Faguet is the current Chair of the Decentralization Task Force, part of Joseph Stiglitz’s Initiative for Policy Dialogue at Columbia University. Before coming to the LSE he worked for the World Bank in La Paz, Bolivia on health, education, early childhood development and the environment. He trained in both political science and economics at Princeton, Harvard and the LSE, where his dissertation won the William Robson Memorial Prize.

3.1; Delivering services under stress – experiences from a range of post conflict contexts



Deon Filmer is a Lead Economist in the Research Group of the World Bank. He works on issues of youth employment and skills, service delivery and the study of policies and programs to improve human development outcomes, with research spanning the a reas of education, health, social protection, and poverty and inequality. His publications include papers on the impact of demand-side programs on schooling outcomes; the roles of poverty, gender, orphanhood, and disability in explaining education inequalities; the determinants of effective service delivery and the evaluation of interventions aimed at improving it; the determinants of fertility behavior; and on trends in adult mortality around the world. He has recently co-authored books on Making Schools Work: New Evidence from Accountability Refoms and Youth Employment in Sub-Saharan Africa, and was a core team member of the World Bank’s World Development Reports in 1995 Workers in an Integrating World and 2004 Making Services Work for Poor People, and a contributor to the 2007 report on Development and the Next Generation. He holds a PhD and MA from Brown University and a BA from Tufts University.


Ariel Fiszbein is Education Program Director at the Inter-American Dialogue in Washington DC. Between 1991 and 2013 he worked at the World Bank were he was the Chief Economist for the Human Development Network. Mr. Fiszbein holds a Ph.D. in economics from the University of California, Berkeley. He has published extensively on issues of social policy. He has taught at the Universidad de San Andres in Buenos Aires and was the secretary of the Latin American and Caribbean Economic Association (LACEA) between 1998 and 2005.


Priorities and challenges for the next decade of service delivery

Marta Foresti leads the Politics and Governance programme at ODI. Her interests include the political economy of development - with a focus on service delivery, justice, and rights - as well as conflict and fragility. She has an interest in applied social research methodologies and policy evaluation in particular . She has over ten years of research, evaluation, policy and management experience. Before joining ODI in 2006, Marta gained practical policy experience, including as a senior policy advisor in the Department of Development Policy of the Italian Treasury and as head of the Learning and Impact Assessment team at Save the Children UK and at Amnesty International. She has extensive country experience in West Africa, South and South East Asia, as well as in several European countries, including Italy and the UK.


Varun Gauri is Senior Economist with the Development Research Group of the World Bank and Codirector of the World Development Report 2015 on Mind and Culture. His current research examines how legal institutions and conceptions of justice and human rights affect human welfare. His publications include the books Courting Social Justice: The Judicial Enforcement of Social and Economics Rights in the Developing World School and School Choice in Chile, and papers and book chapters on a variety of topics in development, including the enforcement of social and economic rights, the political economy of responses to HIV/AIDS, the strategic choices of development NGOs, customary legal systems, the political determinants of immunization coverage, efficient contracts for private health care providers, public interest litigation, intersubjectivity in fragile states, and international human rights treaties. His research has been chronicled in The Economist, The Washington Post, and the Indian Express.



Jeff Hammer comes to the Woodrow Wilson School after 25 years at the World Bank. While there he held various positions related to public economics, the last three in the New Delhi Office and was an author of the World Development Report 2004 “Making Services Work for Poor People”. Research interests include economic development, public economics and health in poor countries, particularly in Asia and Africa and more particularly in South Asia. Current research is on the quality of medical care in India, absenteeism of teachers and health workers, determinants of health status and improving service delivery through better accountability mechanisms. Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology.


5: Keynote address

Tim Harford is a senior columnist for the Financial Times. His long-running column, “The Undercover Economist”, reveals the economic ideas behind everyday experiences. Tim’s first book, “The Undercover Economist” has sold one million copies worldwide in almost 30 languages. He is also the author of ”The Logic of Life“, ”Dear Undercover Economist“, “Adapt” and most recently “The Undercover Economist Strikes Back“. As a broadcaster, Tim has presented television and radio series for the BBC, most famously “More or Less” on Radio 4. His new BBC series, which launched early in 2013, is called “Pop Up Ideas“. He is an evangelist for the power of economics, wisely used, and has spoken at TED, PopTech and Sydney Opera House. Tim won the Bastiat Prize for economic journalism in 2006 and was runner up in 2010. More or Less has been recognised for “excellence in journalism” four years in a row by The Royal Statistical Society. Tim was named one of the UK’s top 20 tweeters by The Independent newspaper. Tim worked for the World Bank from 2004-2006; he is a member of the Royal Economic Society council and a visiting fellow at Nuffield College Oxford.


Daniel Harris joined ODI in January 2010. After completing his MSc in Development Studies at the London School of Economics and Political Science in 2008, Dan spent two years working as a consultant and research assistant for ODI and the Institute of Development Studies (IDS) on research outputs for the OECD-DAC, the African Development Bank, the International Fund for Agricultural Development, IDRC, UNICEF, Panos, and BMZ. More recently, his research has focused on the political economy of service delivery sector reforms, governance of public goods, and the development of applied political economy analysis methods.


Edward Hedger is Head of the Centre for Aid and Public Expenditure at the Overseas Development Institute in London. He specialises in budgeting and public expenditure management reform issues in developing countries and fragile states. He has also worked on the design and implementation of aid modalities, the political economy of policy reforms, and the role of domestic accountability mechanisms. His experience includes long-term assignments as team leader of a multi-year public financereform programme in the Russian Federation and as budget adviser to the ministry of financein Bosnia and Herzegovina. He has also worked as a short-term consultant in areas of budget planning and preparation, external audit and accountability, and public administration reform in countries across sub-Saharan Africa, Western Balkans and Central Asia -- including several post-conflict countries. Current research focuses on the political economy of PFM reform processes and the value for money of aid interventions. He is team leader for a World Bank study to review PFM reform experience in eight post-conflict fragile states (including Liberia, Sierra Leone and DR Congo) and to develop operational guidance.


Naomi Hossain is a political sociologist at the Institute of Development Studies, Sussex. She has researched elite perceptions of poverty, governance and accountability of education and social protection, and women’s empowerment including primary research in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Kenya and Indonesia, and cross-country research in Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa, and South and Southeast Asia. Her current research interests include the politics of food and the care economy.

5: Tim Harford’s keynote address

Emmanuel Jimenez is Director of Public Sector Evaluations at the World Bank Group. Prior to this position, he was responsible for the Bank’s operational program in human development in the Bank’s Asia regions and, before that, served in its research department. He was an advisor to the The World Development Report (WDR) 2004: Making Services Work for Poor People. He also led the core team that prepared WDR 2007: Development and the Next Generation and is editor of the journal, The World Bank Research Observer. Before joining the Bank, Mr. Jimenez was on the economics faculty at the University of Western Ontario in London, Canada. He received his Ph.D. from Brown University and currently serves as vice-chair of the World Economic Forum’s Global Agenda Council on Population Growth.



Zitto Kabwe studied economics at the University of Dar es Salaam. He took a Masters in Law and Business from Bucerius Law School, Hamburg, Germany in 2010. He has also studied International Trade at the InWent-Trade Africa Programme in Bonn, Germany - His research areas are on extractive industries (Mining, Oil and Gas) particularly fiscal regimes and governance issues in natural resources exploitation.He joined the struggle for multi-party democracy in Tanzania at the age of 16 when he first became a member of the CHADEMA political party. Since that time, CHADEMA has transformed itself from a less known political party to a movement advocating for a clean, transparent and accountable government and for the proper use of Tanzania’s vast wealth in natural resources for current and future generations. Zitto’s role in Parliament on the mining sector contributed immensely to positioning CHADEMA on anti-corruption and governance issues in natural resource extraction. Zitto is currently a Member of Parliament on his second term representing Kigoma North Constituency in Western Tanzania. He is the Chairman of the powerful parliamentary Public Accounts Committee (PAC). He was the former chair of parliamentary standing committee on Public Investments where he oversaw more than 250 State Owned Companies.In Parliament he campaigns for a strong conflict of interest code as a measure to fightcorruption by public office holders. He often acts as a bridge builder on matters of national interests through building alliances between political parties in Parliament as well as between civil society organisations and parliamentarians. The Mining Act of 2010 is a standing legacy for Zitto in which he brought together parliamentarians from the ruling and opposition parties as well as civil society organisations into the process to ensure the best law in enacted. In 2011 Zitto ended the impasse that stalled the process of writing a new constitution by engaging his party, President and nation’s elders. In parliament his interests are poverty eradication, energy, oil and gas, trade, mineral and governance issues. Currently, Zitto is working on a campaign against illicit money transfer from African countries. He moved a parliamentary resolution on investigating Tanzanians with illicit money in Swiss Bank Accounts and other offshore havens. He reads and writes regularly on issues close to his heart. He manages a popular blog where he publishes his writings, thoughts and vision for Tanzania, Africa and the world. Moreover, he is well-known for engaging with people in debates via his Twitter account which has grown to become one of the most popular in Tanzania. Zitto is aiming to run for the presidency in Tanzania during the 2015 elections.


Sarah Keener is a Senior Social Development Specialist in the Latin American and Caribbean Region of the World Bank. She serves as the LCR regional focal point for social accountability and scaling up citizen engagement in Bank operations, and in this capacity she advises task teams across the region, is leading development of a regional strategy for mainstreaming systematic citizen engagement in Bank Operations, and manages a regional Governance Partnership Facility grant on consumer voice in utility regulation. She is currently leading initiatives to pilot ICT enabled citizen engagement platforms more systematically in Bank and Client operations. This has included work to address collective action and trust issues in the electricity sector in the Dominican Republic (the VozElectrica platform), to promote more responsive public officials in the large scale Quito, Metro system, and to develop client orientation in national transport P4R in Uruguay. Throughout her career – both in LCR and prior to this in the Africa Region of the World Bank - she has focused on how to make services and budget allocations more responsive to citizen demands. She worked across 27 countries in Africa to provide advisory services to teams engaging in social accountability, and to task manage numerous demand for good governance initiatives focused on local and municipal governance, PSIAs, and national level capacity building on social accountability. She also worked for 10 years in the water and urban sector where she specialized in downwards accountability to consumers and utility regulation/reform. She pioneered a report card methodology on consumer assessment which was subsequently applied in Mozambique, Angola, Zambia and Lesotho, and focused on issues of service provision and utility governance in urban slums. Ms. Keener, an American national, holds a Master’s Degree in Public Policy from Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government.



Charles Kenny is a senior fellow at the Center for Global Development. His current work covers topics including the post-2015 development agenda, the role of technology in quality of life improvements, and governance and anticorruption. He has published articles, chapters and books on issues including progress towards the Millennium Development Goals, what we know about the causes of economic growth, the link between economic growth and broader development, the causes of improvements in global health, the link between economic growth and happiness, the end of the Malthusian trap, the role of communications technologies in development, the ‘digital divide,’ and corruption. He is the author of the book “Getting Better: Why Global Development is Succeeding, and How We Can Improve the World Even More.” He is a contributing editor at Foreign Policy magazine and a regular contributor to Business Week magazine. Kenny was previously at the World Bank, where his assignments included working with the VP for the Middle East and North Africa Region, coordinating work on governance and anticorruption in infrastructure and natural resources, and managing a number of investment and technical assistance projects covering telecommunications and the Internet.


Qaiser Khan has been working on Social Protection and basic service delivery for the poor at the World Bank since 1989. During this period he has worked extensively all over Africa, Middle East and Asia and has written considerably on the subject. Currently, he is Lead Economist and Human Development Sector Leader and the Team Leader for Ethiopia’s Promotion of Basic Services project which the largest donor supported program in Africa and supports decentralized service delivery in education, health, water, agriculture and rural roads. Before joining the World Bank, he taught Economics in the USA, worked for a management consulting firm out of New York and for an NGO in Bangladesh. He has a PhD and two Masters Degrees from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA and a Bachelors degree from Colby College in Waterville, Maine, USA.


Homi Kharas is a senior fellow and deputy director for the Global Economy and Development program. Formerly a chief economist in the East Asia and Pacific Region of the World Bank, Kharas currently studies policies and trends influencing developing countries, including aid to poor countries, the emergence of a middle class, the food crisis and global governance and the G20. He has served most recently as the lead author and executive secretary of the secretariat supporting the High Level Panel, co-chaired by President Sirleaf, President Yudhoyono and Prime Minister Cameron, advising the U.N. Secretary General on the post-2015 development agenda. His most recent co-authored books are Getting to Scale: How to Bring Development Solutions to Millions of Poor People (Brookings Press, 2013); After the Spring: Economic Transitions in the Arab World (Oxford University Press, 2012); and Catalyzing Development: A New Vision for Aid (Brookings Press, 2011).


Stuti Khemani is a Senior Economist in the Development Research Group of the World Bank. Her area of research is the political economy of public policy choices, and institutional reforms for development. Her work is published in leading economics and political science journals, including the American Economic Journal, Journal of Development Economics and American Political Science Review. Her research and advisory work spans a diverse range of countries, including Benin, Bolivia, China, India, the Philippines, Nigeria, Uganda and Tanzania. She holds a PhD in Economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.


Mwangi S. Kimenyi is Senior Fellow and Director of the Africa Growth Initiative in the Global Economy and Development program of The Brookings Institution in Washington, D.C. He has been a faculty member of the Department of Economics at the University of Mississippi and the University of Connecticut and was a visiting Professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and a visiting Fellow at the Hoover Institution, Stanford University , and was also a Research Associate with the Center for the study of African economies, University of Oxford. Kimenyi is the Founding Executive Director of the Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA) and also served as member of the Board of Directors of Equity Bank, Kenya. Kimenyi received his undergraduate degree at the University of Nairobi-Kenya, and completed graduate studies at Ohio University and George Mason University, where he obtained a Doctorate degree in Economics in 1986. He has also studied for certificate programs at the University of Michigan and Harvard Kimenyi’s research focuses on institutions and economic development, Africa’s political economy, and policies for economic growth and poverty reduction. He has authored or co-edited 8 books, 6 policy monographs and has published widely in refereed journals and books.Kimenyi is a recipient of many honors and awards including co-winner of the Outstanding Research Award (2001) by Global Development Network (GDN), the Georgescu-Roegen Prize in Economics (1991), and was recognized by the Senate and House of the State of Mississippi for work on Public Transit. In 1994, Kimenyi was named by the Policy Review (Washington DC) among the top ten young market economists in the United States. During his tenure as Executive Director of the Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA), the Institute was ranked among the top policy institutions in Africa.



Stephen Knack is a Lead Economist in the Development Research Group and in the Poverty Reduction and Economic Management unit of the World Bank Group. His research addresses aid effectiveness and governance issues, including problems of corruption and regulatory burden in the Europe and Central Asia region. He received a PhD in Economics from the University of Maryland in 1991 and joined the Bank in 1999.



Philipp Krause leads the public finance team at CAPE, as well as the BSI research programme. His research interests cover public administration, budgeting, and fiscal governance, as well as monitoring and evaluation. Philipp has previously worked on public sector issues for the German Technical Cooperation and the World Bank, and has advised governments in Latin America, Africa, Europe, and the Middle East. He has held visiting scholar positions at NYU, the German Development Institute and the University of Maryland; and is an executive education faculty member of the Harvard Kennedy School. Philipp holds an MA from the University of Potsdam and a PhD from the LSE.



Michael Kremer is the Gates Professor of Developing Societies in the Department of Economics at Harvard University and Senior Fellow at the Brookings Institution. He is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a recipient of a MacArthur Fellowship and a Presidential Faculty Fellowship, and was named a Young Global Leader by the World Economic Forum. Kremer’s recent research examines education and health in developing countries, immigration, and globalization. He and Rachel Glennerster have recently published Strong Medicine: Creating Incentives for Pharmaceutical Research on Neglected Diseases.


Ruth Levine, a development economist and expert in international development, global health, and education, serves as the director of the Foundation’s Global Development and Population Program. Before joining the Foundation, Ms. Levine was a deputy assistant administrator in the Bureau of Policy, Planning and Learning at the U.S. Agency for International Development. In that role, she led the development of the Agency’s evaluation policy.Previously, Ms. Levine spent nearly a decade at the Center for Global Development, an international policy research institute in Washington, D.C. There, she served as a Senior Fellow and vice president for programs and operations. Ms. Levine is the author of scores of books and professional publications, including a recent pair of influential reports from the Center forGlobal Development on development and adolescent girls: Girls Count: A Global Investment & Action Agenda and Start with a Girl: A New Agenda for Global Health. She also is co-author of the highly regarded report When Will We Ever Learn? Improving Lives through Impact Evaluation. Ms. Levine holds a B.S. in biochemistry from Cornell University and a Ph.D. in economic demography from The Johns Hopkins University.


Nora Lustig is Samuel Z. Stone Professor of Latin American Economics at Tulane University (New Orleans, LA) and a nonresident Fellow at the Center for Global Development and the Inter-American Dialogue (Washington, DC). Her current research focuses on assessing the incidence of taxation and social spending in over twenty countries around the world, and on the determinants of income distribution dynamics in Latin America. Her most recent publications include “The Impact of Taxes and Social Spending on Inequality and Poverty in Latin America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Mexico, Peru and Uruguay,” in Public Finance Review (2014); “Declining Inequality in Latin America in the 2000s: The Cases of Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico,” World Development, Vol. 44, 129-141 (2013; lead author); “Multidimensional Indices of Achievements and Poverty: What Do We Gain and What Do We Lose?”, Journal of Economic Inequality (2011); and “Declining Inequality in Latin America. A Decade of Progress?”, Brookings Institution (2010) and Fondo de Cultura Económica (2012). She is a founding member and past president of the Latin American and Caribbean Economic Association (LACEA) and was a co-director of the World Bank’s World Development Report 2000/1, Attacking Poverty. Currently she is the director of the Commitment to Equity project (CEQ), editor of the Journal of Economic Inequality’s Forum, and Vice-Chair of the Board of Directors of the Global Development Network (GDN). Lustig received her doctorate in Economics from the University of California, Berkeley.



Gayle Martin is a senior economist and is currently Program Leader of the Africa-wide Service Delivery Indicators (SDI) Program. Since joining the Bank in 1997, she has worked in East and Southern Africa, South Asia as well as East Asia. Prior to her current position, she worked at the Bank’s Independent Evaluation Group. She holds a doctoral degree from Harvard University in Health Economics, a graduate degree in Epidemiology and Biostatistics from the University of Cape Town. Her first degree was in Dental Surgery from the University of the Western Cape and prior to joining the Bank in 1997 she practiced as a dentist in Guguletu Township, Cape Town. She has served as a peer reviewer on several health policy research journals and as an external peer reviewer to the South African Medical Research Council. and held an appointment at the South African Medical Research Council. Her research interests include health economics, public finance and the economics of service delivery. About SDI: The Service Delivery Indicators provide a set of metrics for benchmarking service delivery performance in education and health in Africa. Inspired by the World Development Report 2004: Making Services Work for Poor People, the ultimate goal is to sharply increase accountability for improved quality of services toward the ultimate end of improving human development outcomes. The Service Delivery Indicators initiative is an Africa-wide program and is a partnership of the World Bank, the African Economic Research Consortium and the African Development Bank to develop and institutionalize a set of robust measures of service delivery. The measurement of these indicators is based on survey instruments underpinned by rigorous research and embraces the latest innovations in measuring provider competence and effort.


Karthik Muralidharan is an assistant professor of economics at the University of California, San Diego where he has been on the faculty since 2008. Born and raised in India, he earned an A.B. in economics (summa cum laude) from Harvard, an M.Phil. in economics from Cambridge (UK), and a Ph.D. in economics from Harvard. He is a Faculty Research Fellow at the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), a Junior Affiliate at the Bureau for Research and Economic Analysis of Development (BREAD), a Member of the Jameel Poverty Action Lab (J-PAL) network, an Affiliate at the Center for Effective Global Action (CEGA), and a Research Affiliate with Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA). Recent honors include a National Academy of Education/Spencer Post-Doctoral Fellowship and designation as a Distinguished Young Affiliate of the Economics of Education Program at CESifo, Munich. Prof. Muralidharan’s primary research interests include development, public, and labor economics. Specific topics of interest include education, health, and social protection; measuring quality of public service delivery; program evaluation; and improving the effectiveness of public spending (with a focus on developing countries). Courses taught include undergraduate and graduate classes in development economics, program evaluation, and the economics of education.


Andrew Norton is ODI’s Director of Research. A social anthropologist by training, Andrew carried out his doctoral fieldwork in a farming community in Mali, and has since worked extensively on issues of poverty, vulnerability, social protection, citizen participation, political economy analysis, aid effectiveness, natural resource management and social policy.Andrew’s role at ODI is to support the Programme Teams to develop relevant and challenging research agendas. He works with the rest of the management team to develop systems and strategies that will enable ODI to engage effectively in global development debates and fulfilits mission. ODI is familiar territory for Andrew, who was one of the original team that established the Centre for Aid and Public Expenditure at ODI in 1999. He was the Head of Profession for Social Development at the UK Department for International Development, and a Lead Social Scientist within the World Bank, before joining ODI in September 2010. At the World Bank Andrew led on a range of issues for the Social Development Department, including a major multi-donor work programme on Poverty and Social Impact Analysis. Andrew has been involved in three major publications from the World Bank over the last year. He co-edited a flagship volume with Robin Mearns: The Social Dimensions of Climate Change: Equity and Vulnerability in a Warming World (World Bank 2010). He led a joint research project with the Global Urban Research Centre at Manchester University on Pro-poor Adaptation to Climate Change in Urban Centres (Moser, Norton, Stein and Georgieva) based on participatory research in Kenya and Nicaragua. The study highlighted the fact that – while extreme weather ‘disaster’ events often receive research, media and policy attention – less dramatic slow, incremental impacts of severe weather are equally important in terms of their cumulative impact on human wellbeing.




Lant Pritchett is a senior fellow at the Center for Global Development and professor of the practice of international development at Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government, where he taught from 2000 to 2004 and from 2007 onward. Before rejoining the Kennedy School in 2007, he was lead socio-economist in the social development group of the South Asia region of the World Bank. He occupied various other positions at the World Bank during his tenure there, beginning in 1988. Pritchett was a team member on a number of prominent World Bank publications including Economic Growth in the 1990s: Learning from a Decade of Reforms (2005); Making Services Work for Poor People (World Development Report 2004); Assessing Aid: What Works, What Doesn’t and Why (with David Dollar, 1998); and Infrastructure for Development (World Development Report 1994). He has published two books with Center for Global Development, Let Their People Come (2006) and The Rebirth of Education (2013). Pritchett has published over a hundred articles and papers (with more than 25 co-authors) on a wide range of topics, including state capability, labor mobility, and education, among many others. Originally from Idaho, Pritchett is the father of three children and now lives in an empty nest with his wife of 31 years.



Rakesh Rajani is the Head of Twaweza, meaning ‘we can make it happen’ in Swahili. Twaweza works across East Africa to realize a more informed society, citizen agency and public accountability. He is also a founding member of the Open Government Partnership, which now involves 62 countries covering almost 2 billion people, and currently serves as one of its two lead chairs. Until 2007 Rakesh served as the founding Executive Director of HakiElimu, Tanzania’s leading citizen engagement and education advocacy organization. He serves on several national and international governance and advisory boards, including the Hewlett Foundation, the International Budget Partnership (IBP), Revenue Watch (RW), ONE, and the Foundation for Civil Society in Tanzania. He has been a fellow of Harvard University since 1998, and written and edited over 300 papers and popular publications in English and Swahili. Rakesh graduated summa cum laude from Brandeis and Harvard Universities, and was elected to Phi Beta Kappa.


Vijayendra Rao is a Lead Economist in the Development Research Group of the World Bank. He integrates his training in economics with theories and methods from anthropology, sociology and political science to study the social, cultural, and political context of extreme poverty in developing countries. Dr. Rao has published widely in leading journals in Economics, and Development Studies, on subjects that include dowries and domestic violence in India, the economics of celebrations, sex work in Calcutta, participatory development, village democracy and deliberation, and inter-disciplinary approaches to public policy. He co-edited Culture and Public Action, and History, Historians and Development Policy, and co-authored the 2006 World Development Report on Equity and Development. Most recently, with Ghazala Mansuri, he co-authored the World Bank’s Policy Research Report on Localizing Development: Does Participation Work? Dr. Rao obtained a BA (Economics, Statistics, Sociology) from St. Xavier’s College - Bombay (now Mumbai), a PhD (Economics) from the University of Pennsylvania, was a post-doctoral fellow at the Economics Research Center and an Associate of the Committee on Southern Asian Studies at the University of Chicago, and taught at the University of Michigan and Williams College before joining the World Bank’s Research Department in 1999. He serves on the editorial boards of Economic Development and Cultural Change , Journal of Development Studies, World Bank Economic Review, and World Development. He is a member of the Social Development Board of the World Bank, the Successful Societies Program at CIFAR, and affiliated with research institutes and NGOs in India the US, and the UK.



Justin Sandefur is a research fellow at the Center for Global Development. His research focuses on the interface of law and development in sub-Saharan Africa. From 2008 to 2010, he served as an adviser to the Tanzanian government to set up the country’s National Panel Survey to monitor poverty dynamics and agricultural production. He has also worked on a project with the Kenyan Ministry of Education to bring rigorous impact evaluation into the Ministry’s policymaking process by scaling up proven small-scale reforms. His recent papers concentrate on education in Kenya, and his research includes the examinations through randomized controlled trials of new approaches to conflict resolution in Liberia, efforts to curb police extortion and abuse in Sierra Leone, and an initiative to expand land titling in urban slums in Tanzania.


Shekhar Shah is the Director-General of NCAER, India’s oldest and largest economic think tank. Prior to NCAER, he was the World Bank’s Regional Economic Adviser for South Asia. He has worked in the financial services sector in Washington D.C. and has been the Ford Foundation’s Program Officer for International Economics for South Asia. Shekhar joined the World Bank in 1989, where he was also a principal author of the 2004 World Development Report. He has published on a range of issues relating to service delivery, governance, poverty, international trade, social policy, and monitoring and evaluation. He received his PhD in Economics from Columbia University.



Jacob N. Shapiro is Assistant Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University and co-directs the Empirical Studies of Conflict Project. His active research projects study political violence, economic and political development in conflict zones, security policy, and urban conflict He is author of The Terrorist’s Dilemma: Managing Violent Covert Organizations. His research has been published or is forthcoming in broad range of academic and policy journals including American Journal of Political Science, Foreign Affairs, Foreign Policy, International Organization, International Security, Journal of Political Economy, and World Politics as well as a number of edited volumes. Shapiro is a term member of the Council on Foreign Relations, an Associate Editor of World Politics, a Faculty Fellow of the Association for Analytic Learning about Islam and Muslim Societies (AALIMS), a Research Fellow at the Center for Economic Research in Pakistan (CERP), and served in the U.S. Navy and Naval Reserve. Ph.D. Political Science, M.A. Economics, Stanford University. B.A. Political Science, University of Michigan.


Rachel Slater specialises in social protection, food security and rural and agricultural development. She has particular expertise in sub Saharan Africa (especially Ethiopia, Lesotho, Malawi, South Africa and Zambia) and South Asia. Her most recent work includes policy analysis and providing advisory support to social protection policy-makers and implementers, and the development of innovative social protection instruments and implementation mechanisms (including the design of targeting tools for social protection programmes, and a toolbox for maximising linkages between growth and social protection). Rachel is also the Research Director of the Secure Livelihoods Research Consortium


Paul Smoke is Professor of Public Finance and Planning and Director of International Programs at New York University’s Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service. He previously taught at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1990-2001) and worked with the Harvard Institute for International Development (1986-1990). His main research and policy interests include public sector reform, decentralization and urban/local development in developing countries. He has worked in many countries, with some focus on East and Southern Africa and Southeast Asia. Smoke has written or edited several books and published in a variety of journals, including World Development, Public Administration and Development, International Journal of Public Administration, Economic Development Quarterly, Public Budgeting and Finance and Third World Planning Review, among others. He has worked with many international organizations, including the World Bank, the African Development Bank, and the Asian Development Bank; various UN agencies, including the United Nations Capital Development Fund, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations Development Program, and United Nations Research Institute for Social Development; the European Union (EuropeAid); and several bilateral agencies, including the US Agency for International Development (USAID), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), the UK Department for International Development (DFID), and the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA).


Egbert Sondorp has 30 years of experience in international health in a range of capacities. Well versed in humanitarian health work and having a keen interest in health reconstruction in fragile states. Trained as a physician and public health expert, he initially worked in a rural hospital in Botswana. Thereafter he joined MSF (Holland) as Medical Director followed by being Executive Director of the NGO ‘HealthNet International’ which he co-founded. As from 2000, he led a ‘Conflict and Health’ programme at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, a programme with the aim to link practitioners and academia in this field of research, training and practice. He is now working at the Royal Tropical Institute (KIT) in Amsterdam as Senior Health Advisor, with a focus on health system strengthening.


Jakob Svensson Jakob Svensson is a Professor of economics and Deputy Director at the Institute for International Economic Studies, Stockholm University.His research interests include corruption, accountability in service delivery programs, and political economy. His most recent work focuses on the implications of counterfeit and poor quality products in health and agricultural markets. He is a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and a Fellow of CEPR and BREAD. He also sits on the review board of the J-PAL Governance Initiative, the Expert Group for Aid Studies, and the board of directors of the AERC.



Since September 2012, Emiliana Vegas is the Chief of the Education Division at the Inter-American Development Bank in Washington, DC. In this capacity, she leads a team of 30-40 professionals working in the Bank’s lending operations and analytical activities to support education systems throughout Latin America and the Caribbean. Between September 2001 and August 2012, Ms. Vegas worked at The World Bank in Washington, DC, where she held various positions in the Human Development Network, her latest being Lead Economist and Human Development Sector Leader for Central America, and Lead Economist in the Education Unit of the Human Development Department. She has managed lending operations and applied research on regional and global education policy issues, including early childhood development, teacher policies and school finance systems and is the author of several articles in peer-reviewed journals and institutional reports. Her books include The Promise of Early Childhood Development in Latin America and the Caribbean (2010, The World Bank Press, co-authored with Lucrecia Santibáñez), Raising Student Learning in Latin America: The Challenge for the 21st Century (2007, The World Bank Press, co-authored with Jenny Petrow) and Incentives to Improve Teaching: Lessons from Latin America (2005, The World Bank Press, Editor). Ms. Vegas has a doctorate in education from Harvard University with a concentration in economics of education, a master’s degree in public policy studies from Duke University, and a bachelor’s degree in communications with a concentration in journalism from Andrés Bello Catholic University in Caracas, Venezuela.


Kevin Watkins joined ODI as Executive Director in June 2013. He is a former nonresident senior fellow with the Center for Universal Education at the Brookings Institution, and was previously director and lead author of UNESCO’s Education for All Global Monitoring Report. His research focuses on education, globalization and human development.


Bryn Welham is currently a Research Fellow at the Centre for Aid and Public Expenditure at the Overseas Development Institute where he focuses on the politics of the budget process and the interaction between aid and public expenditure systems. Before this, he worked for DFID Sierra Leone as a Governance Adviser leading on DFID’s decentralisation agenda. Prior to this, he worked on public spending and public sector efficiency issues in HM Treasury in UK for several years, before taking up a post as an adviser to the Director of Budget in the Malawian Ministry of Finance from 2008 to 2010.


Alan Whaites leads the OECD team responsible for supporting international networks working on governance and fragile states. Previously, he held the roles of head of profession for governance and senior governance adviser, both at DfID. Alan has led governance teams in Afghanistan and Nepal and worked regionally on fragility and conflict issues across Asia. He also led DFID’s firstwork-stream on state-building authoring the working paper `states in development.’ Previously he was International Advocacy Director for the NGO World Vision International.



Leni Wild is an experienced Research Fellow in the Politics and Governance Programme at the Overseas Development Institute. She currently leads a programme of work on the politics of service delivery, that uses applied political economy methods to identify and address governance constraints to delivery. She has a particular interest in accountability in the health and water sectors, and has recently participated in fieldwork in Malawi, Tanzania, and South Sudan. She has provided training in applied political economy methods and frequently works with a range of bilateral and multilateral donor agencies, as well as NGOs, to provide policy advice and guidance. She was previously a Research Fellow in the international team at the UK’s Institute for Public Policy Research (ippr), Research Officer at Education Action, an NGO working in post-conflictcountries, where she managed programmes in Northern Uganda, Sierra Leone and Gaza, and has worked for UNHCR’s regional office in China



Rebecca Winthrop, a Senior Fellow and Director of the Center for Universal Education at the Brookings Institution, is an international expert on global education, particularly in contexts of armed conflict Her work focuses on education quality and equity, humanitarian assistance, children’s well-being, forced migration, and state fragility. Dr. Winthrop works to promote equitable learning issues for young people in developing countries. She advises governments, international institutions, foundations, and corporations on education and development issues, and provides guidance to a number of important education policy actors. Prior to joining Brookings in June 2009, Dr. Winthrop spent 15 years working in the field of education for displaced and migrant communities, most recently as the head of education for the International Rescue Committee. There she was responsible for the organizations’ education work in over 20 conflict-affected countries. She has been actively involved in developing global policy for the education in emergencies field especially around the development of global minimum standards for education in emergencies, the United Nations humanitarian reform process for education, and the evidence base for understanding education’s role in fomenting or mitigating conflict She serves on the UN secretary-general’s Technical Advisory Committee for his global education initiative, Secretariat for the Learning Metrics Task Force (LMTF) co-convened with UNESCO, advisor for the Council for Development of analysis for development policies of France (CAPD),on the Inter-Agency Network for Education in Emergencies Working Group on Education and Fragility, the MasterCard Foundation’s Youth Learning Advisory Committee, the UN Inter-Agency Standing Committee’s Education Cluster Advisory Committee, Track Advisor for the Education & Workforce Development Track at the Clinton Global Initiative, the 10x10 Girls Education Advisory Committee. She has field experience in a wide variety of contexts, including Afghanistan, Costa Rica, Croatia, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Kosovo, Liberia, Pakistan, Sierra Leone, Sudan, and Uganda. Select recent publications include Investment in Global Education: A Strategic Imperative for Business, with G.Bulloch, P. Bhatt, and A. Wood(The Brookings Institution, September 2013) A New Agenda for Education in Fragile States, with E. Matsui,(Center for Universal Education Working Paper Series 10, August 2013) A New Face of Education: Bringing Technology into the Classroom in the Developing World, with M. Smith (Brooke Shearer Working Paper Series 1, The Brookings Institution, January 2012) and Prospects for Bilateral Aid to Basic Education Put Students at Risk, with P. Abetti, S. Beardmore, and C. Tapp (The Brookings Institution, August 2011). She has authored chapters for numerous books, including “Learning from Humanitarian Aid” in Delivering Aid Differently; “Home-based Schools: A Transitional Education Model in Afghanistan” in Education, Conflict and Reconciliation: International Perspectives; and “Female Classroom Assistants: Agents of Change in Refugee Classrooms in West Africa?” in The Structure and Agency of Women’s Education. Additional publications have appeared in journals such as Comparative Education Review, Current History, Forced Migration Review, International Review of Education, Journal of Education for International Development, Teaching and Teacher Education, and Women’s Studies Quarterly. She was educated at Columbia University, Teachers College (Ph.D, 2008), Columbia University, School of International and Public Affairs (MA, 2001), and Swarthmore College, (BA, 1996).


List of participants

Acosta, Pablo Ariel World Bank [email protected]

Ahmad, Ehtisham LSE [email protected]

Ahmad, Junaid World Bank [email protected]

Ahsar, Saniya World Bank [email protected]

Aiyar, Yamini (by VC from India) CPR India [email protected]

Rabia, Ali World Bank [email protected]

Al-Jabal, Ali Qaid Ahmed World Bank [email protected]

Allaoua, Zoubida World Bank [email protected]

Alpher, David Saferworld [email protected]

Amazonas de Fatima, Maria World Bank [email protected]

Andrews, Colin World Bank [email protected]

Andrews, Matt Harvard [email protected]

Araujo, Edson Correia World Bank [email protected]

Atuesta Montes, Bernardo World Bank [email protected]

Baedeker, Tobias World Bank [email protected]

Baeumler, Axel E. N. World Bank [email protected]

Bailey, Laura E. World Bank [email protected]

Bakalian, Alexander E. World Bank [email protected]

Baker, Judy L. World Bank [email protected]

Balineau, Gaelle AFD [email protected]

Bance, Paul World Bank [email protected]

Banerji, Rukmini (by VC from India) Pratham [email protected]

Barron, Tanya Plan UK [email protected]

Batley, Richard University of Birmingham [email protected]

Baum, Donald Rey World Bank [email protected]

Benveniste, Luis World Bank [email protected]

Bernard, Constance A. World Bank [email protected]

Bezhanyan, Anush World Bank [email protected]

Bitondo, Barbara World Bank [email protected]

Bland, Gary RTI International [email protected]

Boehmer, Hans-Martin World Bank [email protected]

Bohrer, Kevin Hewlett Foundation [email protected]

Bonfert, Anna Tabitha Georgetown University [email protected]

Bonilla-Chacin, Maria World Bank [email protected]

Bose, Ranjan K. World Bank [email protected]

Bove, Abel World Bank [email protected]

Bracegirdle, Claire ODI [email protected]

Brand, Mike Saferworld [email protected]

Brinkerhoff, Derick RTI [email protected]

Brinkerhoff, Jennifer George Washington University [email protected]


Brixi, Hana World Bank [email protected]

Bronchi, Chiara World Bank [email protected]

Burnouf, Mathilde World Bank [email protected]

Camos Daurella, Daniel World Bank [email protected]

Canavan, Ann International Medical Corps [email protected]

Carothers, Thomas Carnegie Endowment for International Peace

[email protected]

Chaal-Dabi, Isabelle World Bank [email protected].

Cha, Young Hwan World Bank [email protected]

Chase, Robert S. World Bank [email protected]

Chen, Guang Zhe World Bank [email protected]

Chen, Rong IFC [email protected]

Chowdhurie-Aziz, Monali World Bank [email protected]

Christian, Gezime World Bank [email protected]

Coello, Barbara World Bank [email protected]

Colla, Paola World Bank [email protected]

Collier, Paul Oxford University [email protected]

Commins, Steve UCLA/World Bank [email protected]/[email protected].

Coudouel, Aline World Bank [email protected]

Deane, James BBC Media Action [email protected]

Crochet, Jean-Charles World Bank [email protected]

Cudjoe Nsuwa, Dora World Bank [email protected]

Das, Jishnu World Bank [email protected]

Davis Demeritt, Allison World Bank [email protected]

Deane, James BBC Media Action [email protected]

De Hoyos Navarro, Rafael E. World Bank [email protected]

Delgado Calderon, Santiagio G. World Bank [email protected]

De Toledo Piza da Costa Mazzutti, Caio Cicero

World Bank [email protected]

Dercon, Stefan DFID [email protected] .uk

Devarajan, Shanta World Bank [email protected]

Di Maro, Vincenzo World Bank [email protected]

Diagne, Mouhamadou World Bank [email protected]

Dickerson, Karen World Bank [email protected]

Diez, Sylvia Michele World Bank [email protected]

Diop, Makhtar World Bank [email protected]

d'Iribarne, Philippe CNRS [email protected]

Djayeola, Biokou Mathieu World Bank [email protected]

Do, Toan World Bank [email protected]

Dom, Catherine Mokoro Ltd [email protected]

Drummond, Jamie ONE [email protected]

Dunbar, Suzannah Georgetown University [email protected]

Dupas, Pascaline Stanford University [email protected]

Dupuis, Brice Independent [email protected]


Edwards, Daryl Embassy of Australia [email protected]

Eissa, Nada Georgetown University [email protected]

El ghandour, Ibrahim World Bank [email protected]

Elias, Nunush World Bank [email protected]

Ellis, Peter D. World Bank [email protected]

Evans, Alison Independent [email protected]

Faguet, Jean-Paul LSE [email protected]

Fernandez, Marvin JICA [email protected]

Fiil-Flynn, Maj World Bank [email protected]

Filmer, Deon World Bank [email protected]

Fiszbein, Ariel Inter-American Dialogue [email protected]

Flores, Walter Centre for the Study of Equity and Governance in Health Systems

[email protected]

Florey, Carolyn World Bank [email protected]

Ford, J. Fitz Independent [email protected]

Foresti, Marta ODI [email protected]

Foster-Moore, Eric World Bank [email protected]

Fox, Jonathan American University [email protected]

Frey, Linda Open Government Partnership [email protected]

Frontigny, Caroline IFC [email protected]

Fruttero, Anna World Bank [email protected]

Galavotti, Christine CARE [email protected].

Gambrill, Martin World Bank [email protected]

Gao, Shang World Bank [email protected]

Garcia Mora, Maria Elena World Bank [email protected]

Garrity, Colum World Bank [email protected]

Gassier, Marine World Bank [email protected]

Gauri, Varun World Bank [email protected]

Geli, Paul World Bank [email protected]

Gentilini, Ugo World Bank [email protected]

George, Tina World Bank [email protected]

Georgieva-Andonovska, Elena World Bank [email protected]

Ghani, Ejaz Syed World Bank [email protected]

Ghosh, Gargee Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [email protected]

Gorgens, Marelize World Bank [email protected]

Gottret, Pablo World Bank [email protected]

Grandvoinnet, Helene World Bank [email protected]

Grover, Rijak World Bank [email protected]

Gullo, Sara CARE USA [email protected]

Haddock, Sarah Elizabeth World Bank [email protected]

Hagbrink, Isabel World Bank [email protected]

Halabi, Samira World Bank [email protected]

Halewood, Naomi World Bank [email protected]

Haley, Nicole Australian National University [email protected]

Hall, Jeff World Vision International [email protected]


Hammer, Jeffrey Princeton University [email protected]

Hanmer, Lucia C. World Bank [email protected]

Harding, April World Bank [email protected]

Harford, Tim Independent [email protected]

Harris, Clive G. World Bank [email protected]

Harris, Daniel ODI [email protected]

Hasan, Amer World Bank [email protected]

Hayward, Natasha World Bank [email protected]

Heard, Anna 3ie [email protected]

Hedger, Edward ODI [email protected]

Henry, Alain AFD [email protected]

Hentschel, Jesko World Bank [email protected]

Herawati, Yulia World Bank [email protected]

Herderschee, Johannes World Bank [email protected]

Herzog, Andre World Bank [email protected]

Heymans, Chris World Bank [email protected]

Hilhorst, Thea World Bank [email protected]

Hindriks, Jo World Bank [email protected]

Holmlund, Marcus E. World Bank [email protected]

Hoo, Lily World Bank [email protected]

Hooley, Ted Hughes Development, Inc. [email protected]

Horigoshi Reis, Ana Mie World Bank [email protected]

Hossain, Naomi IDS [email protected]

Hovig, Dana Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [email protected]

Hudson, Alan ONE [email protected]

Huynh, Isabelle World Bank [email protected]

Iqbal, Farrukh World Bank [email protected]

Irvine, Dan World Vision International [email protected]

Isasi, Leticia Georgetown University [email protected]

Isenman, Paul World Bank [email protected]

Jarvis, Michael World Bank [email protected]

Jaud, Melise World Bank [email protected]

Jimenez, Emmanuel World Bank [email protected]

Joshi-Ghani, Abha World Bank [email protected]

Kabir, Mabruk World Bank [email protected]

Kabwe, Zitto Parliament of Tanzania [email protected]

Kanchi, Vamsee Krishna World Bank [email protected]

Karlsson, Mats World Bank [email protected]

Kategile, Wema Jackson World Bank [email protected]

Keener, Sarah World Bank [email protected]

Kelcey, Jo World Bank [email protected]

Kenny, Charles CGD [email protected]

Khalil, Abedalrazq F. World Bank [email protected]

Khan, Adnan International Growth Centre [email protected]

Khan, Qaiser M. World Bank [email protected]


Kharas, Homi Brookings Institution [email protected]

Khemani, Stuti World Bank [email protected]

Kimenyi, Mwangi Brookings Institution [email protected]

Kingdon, Geeta University of London [email protected]

Kluttz Hairston, Carey World Bank [email protected]

Knack, Steve World Bank [email protected]

Koirala, Bimal School of Research and Development (Nepal)

[email protected]

Kostermans, Kees World Bank [email protected]

Krause, Philipp ODI [email protected]

Kremer, Michael Harvard [email protected]

Kress, Daniel Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [email protected]

Kullmann, Craig P. World Bank [email protected]

Kumar, C. Ajith World Bank [email protected]

Kuntchev, Veselin World Bank [email protected]

Kurowski, Christoph World Bank [email protected]

Kyung-eun Lee, Catherine World Bank [email protected]

Larizza, Marco World Bank [email protected]

Lavinal, Olivier World Bank [email protected]

Lechtenfeld, Tobias World Bank [email protected]

Lee, John Hosung World Bank [email protected]

Lenoble, Nathalie World Bank [email protected]

Lee, Julian World Bank [email protected]

Leroy de la Briere, Benedicte World Bank [email protected]

Levine, Ruth Hewlett Foundation [email protected]

Lewis, Maureen Georgetown University [email protected]

Lim, Jamus Jerome World Bank [email protected]

Linnemann, Hannah Katharina World Bank [email protected]

Lopez, Jessica Anne World Bank [email protected]

Lozano Gracia, Nancy World Bank [email protected]

Lukic, Jelena World Bank [email protected]

Lust, Ellen Yale University Ellen Lust <[email protected]>

Lustig, Nora Tulane University [email protected]

Lysy, Frank World Bank [email protected]

Mahgoub, Ayah World Bank [email protected]

Mans, Darius Africare [email protected]

Martin, Gayle World Bank [email protected]

Marzo, Federica World Bank [email protected]

Maweni, Joel J. World Bank [email protected]

McKenna, Miles World Bank [email protected]

Mcloughlin, Claire University of Birmingham [email protected]

Mcneil, Mary L. World Bank [email protected]

Mendez Ramos, Fabian World Bank [email protected]

Mendiburu, Marcos World Bank [email protected]

Menon, Vikram World Bank [email protected]


Miranda Montero, Juan Jose World Bank [email protected]

Mishra, Deepak K. World Bank [email protected]

Mistry, Pratibha World Bank [email protected]

Mohammed, Nadir World Bank [email protected]

Mohsin, Maryam ODI [email protected]

Montoliu Munoz, Marisela World Bank [email protected]

Morihara, Katsuki JICA [email protected]

Mottaghi, Lili World Bank [email protected]

Mukherjee, Anit CGD Anit Mukherjee <[email protected]>

Muralidharan, Karthik University of California, San Diego [email protected]

Muto, Yoshimi World Bank [email protected]

Nakazawa, Keiichiro JICA [email protected]

Nallari, Raj R. World Bank [email protected]

Naughton, Meleesa Hannah Marie World Bank [email protected]

Ndip, Alvin Etang World Bank [email protected]

Newton, Gary Save the Children USA [email protected]

Nguyen, Son Nam World Bank [email protected]

Nicholson, Stace JICA [email protected]

Norton, Andrew ODI [email protected]

Nucifora, Antonio World Bank [email protected]

Nzambimana, Juvenal World Bank [email protected]

Ochieng, Gracie M. World Bank [email protected]

Ojanpera, Sanna Maria World Bank [email protected]

Oot, David Save the Children USA [email protected]

Ozer, Ceren World Bank [email protected]

Paci, Pierella World Bank [email protected]

Pagau, Kerry Main World Bank [email protected]

Paksima, Shahram World Bank [email protected]

Panier, Kristin World Bank [email protected]

Pantanali, Carla World Bank [email protected]

Panzer, John World Bank [email protected]

Pape, Utz World Bank [email protected]

Park, Seollee World Bank [email protected]

Pavlovic, Laura USAID [email protected]

Paz, Florencia World Bank [email protected]

Perugini, Stefano VSO International [email protected]

Philage, Deena World Bank [email protected]

Pickett, Jessica ACCESS Health International [email protected]

Polk, Sam R4D [email protected]

Powell, Joe Open Government Partnership [email protected]

Pritchett, Lant Harvard [email protected]

Raha, Shomikho World Bank [email protected]

Rajani, Rakesh Twawesa [email protected]

Rasool, Heela USAID [email protected]


Rao, Vijayendra (Biju) World Bank [email protected]

Ratcliffe, Andrew Africa Governance Initiative [email protected]

Revenga, Ana World Bank [email protected]

Rifon Perez, Axel World Bank [email protected]

Roberts, Mark World Bank [email protected]

Robinson, Mark DFID [email protected] .uk

Roche, Jose Manuel Save the Children UK [email protected]

Rockmore, Christophe World Bank [email protected]

Rodriguez Caillava, Ines World Bank [email protected]

Rouis, Mustapha World Bank [email protected]

Ruiz Gonzalez, Paloma World Bank [email protected]

Rusu, Anca World Bank [email protected]

Sacks, Audrey World Bank [email protected]

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Sahin, Sebnem World Bank [email protected]

Saldarriaga Noel, Miguel World Bank [email protected]

Sandefur, Justin CGD [email protected]

Sarkisova, Elina CGD/Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [email protected]

Schechtman, Lisa WaterAid America [email protected]

Schmillen, Achim Daniel World Bank [email protected]

Schmitz, Martha Mary World Bank [email protected]

Schneidman, Miriam World Bank [email protected]

Schnitzer, Pascale World Bank [email protected]

Sethi, Geeta World Bank [email protected]

Shah, Shekhar NCAER [email protected]

Shapira, Gil World Bank [email protected]

Shapiro, Jacob Princeton University [email protected]

Sharma, Dhiraj World Bank [email protected]

Sheppard, Marie World Bank [email protected]

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Smith, Gregory World Bank [email protected]

Smithers, Nicola World Bank [email protected]

Smoke, Paul New York University [email protected]

Solbes Castro, Lucia World Bank [email protected]

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Sully, Elizabeth Princeton University [email protected]

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Widner, Jennifer Princeton University [email protected]

Wild, Leni ODI [email protected]

Williams, Lisa OECD [email protected]

Williamson, Taylor RTI International [email protected]

Wiltshire, Colin Australian National University [email protected]

Winthrop, Rebecca Brookings [email protected]

Wood, Christina World Bank [email protected]

Woolcock, Michael World Bank [email protected]

Wrobel, Robert World Bank [email protected]

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Documents

Making services work for poor people: the science and politics of