Making MapLayouts

Tutorial

TNTedit™TNTview®

with

TNTmips®

LAYOUTS

page 2

Making Map Layouts

Before Getting StartedAll the tools you need to create simple or complex maps and posters are found inboth the Display and Page Layout modes of the Display process. The ability toprecisely position objects on the page is part of any layout package, but the TNTproducts also provide the ability to add scale bars, map grids, legends, andannotation text as part of the powerful map and poster layout features found inthe visualization process.

Prerequisite Skills This booklet assumes you have completed the exercises inDisplaying Geospatial Data and Basic TNT Concepts tutorials. The exercises inthose booklets show you how to select and view raster, vector, CAD, shape, TIN,and database objects stored in Project Files. You should know how zoom, pan,and enhance display objects. Please be sure you remember how to add and removelayers from a multilayer view. You should also know how to set up and select yourprinter. This booklet does not present these basic skills again. Please consultDisplaying Geospatial Data and Basic TNT Concepts for any review you need.

Sample Data The exercises presented in this booklet use sample data distributedwith the TNT products. If you do not have access to a TNT products DVD, youcan download the data from MicroImages’ web site. The exercises in this bookletuse objects from all Project Files in the MAPLO folder of DATA. The objects in theTOWNS Project File in the CARTOSCR folder are also used. Be sure to make a read/writecopy of these files on your local drive.

More Documentation This booklet is intended only as an introduction to thefunctions in Page Layout. Consult the reference materials at microimages.comand the Printing tutorial for more information.

TNTmips® and TNTmips Free TNTmips comes in three versions: TNTmips Pro,TNTmips Basic, and TNTmips Free. This booklet refers to all versions as“TNTmips.” If you did not purchase the professional version (which requires asoftware license key) or TNTmips Basic (which is locked to an individualmachine), TNTmips operates in the TNTmips Free mode, which limits the size ofyour project materials. Most exercises in this booklet can be completed inTNTmips Free using the sample geodata provided.

It may be difficult to identify the important points in some illustrations without acolor copy of this booklet. You can print or read this booklet in color fromMicroImages’ web site. The web site is also your source of the newest tutorialbooklets on other topics. You can download an installation guide, sampledata, and the latest version of TNTmips Free.

http://www.microimages.com

Merri P. Skrdla, Ph.D., 20 January 2011© MicroImages, Inc. 1997 – 2011

page 3

Making Map Layouts

Welcome to Making Map LayoutsLaying out maps and posters generally requires youto assemble and arrange several objects for the dis-play screen or on a page. These objects may all bein a single georeferenced group with map grids, butyou may additionally require scale bars, annotationtext, map grids, legends, and other objects such as anorth arrow or your company logo. The ability tocreate map grids, scale bars, legends, and annotationtext is an integral part of TNTmips’ Display and PageLayout features.

All of the tools and features in the Display process areavailable for display and page layouts, includinginsertion of sketch layers and 3D groups. Displaylayouts let you arrange objects relative to each otherin the view window while page layouts add theconcept of positioning relative to a page, which isnecessary for printing. Any layout you create can besaved for further refinement or as a template to bereused in a series of maps.

Georeference is the basis for positioning layers in thesame group and for the relative sizing of separategroups. When objects are georeferenced, you canprint to or display at a specified map scale, which canbe reflected in a scale bar and explicitly designatedin text if desired. Objects that are not georeferenced,such as logos and text, are placed in separate groupsso they can be sized and positioned independently.Some layouts may contain no georeferenced compo-nents, such as layouts made of screen captures andtext for inclusion in a report.

The full layout capabilities of TNTmips are avail-able in TNTmips Free, however in the latter you arerestricted to a maximum layout size of 11" x 17"(tabloid size page). The professional version ofTNTmips supports printing on a variety of largescale printers (paper sizes up to as large as currenttechnology allows) and printing over multiple pages.Support for dithered color printing up to 11" x 17"is included in the base price of TNTmips Pro.

launch TNT

select Main / Displayfrom the TNT menu,click on the Newicon and choosePage Layout

open the Options menuin the View window andturn off the Redraw afterany change toggle

STEPS

Vocabulary: Most printerscannot print up to the edgeof the paper. The area thatcannot be printed is calledthe unprintable margin.The size of the unprintablemargin varies from oneprinter model to the next.

Pages 4–10 describepositioning multiple groupson a page, adding mapgrids, and printing. Onpages 11–18 you develop amore complex layout thatincludes annotation text, alegend, logo, north arrow,and scale bars in addition tomultiple layers in ageoreferenced group with amap grid. The rest of thebooklet provides informationabout development of mapsin a series, templates,legend types, databases inlayouts, sizing and scaleissues, rendering to variousformats, and map scale-controlled visibility.

page 4

Making Map Layouts

Positioning Two Groups on a PageSTEPS choose Add/Multiple

Groups in the DisplayManager and select theCOMPOSITE object in theCIR_COMP Project Filetwice

click on the Group Set-tings icon for Group 2

turn off the Auto-Redrawtoggle button at the topright of the Group Set-tings window

click on the Layout taband change the entry inthe At Scale field at thelower right of the GroupSettings window to124000

click on [To] in the Ver-tical Attachment panel

select Margin in the list inthe window that opensand click OK

select Bottom to Bottomfrom the option menu inthe Vertical panel

click on the group namefor Group 1 to make itthe active group

click on [To] in the Ver-tical Attachment panel

click on Margin and OKin the window that opens

select Top to Top fromthe option menu in theVertical panel, and clickon [Redraw]

Red lines indicateunprintable margins.

Keep this layout openthrough the exercise on p. 8.

Automatic group placement in page layouts differsfrom that in display layouts. Groups are automati-cally tiled in a display layout and have no specificattachments. All groups added to a page layout havean initial group attachment that centers them on thepage. Customized group placement is establishedwith the Placement tool or in the Group Settingswindow, which you open by clicking on the Settingsicon found in the group icon row of the DisplayManager or with the Placement tool. The parametersset apply to the currently active group. You change

the group you aremaking settingsfor by changingthe active group.

You can changegroup names bytyping a newname in the Group

Settings window, but in this example there are justtwo groups with Group 1 at the top of the page andGroup 2 at the bottom, so we’ll leave the defaultnames.

The map scale at which your layout is printed is setin the At Scale field at the lower right of the GroupSettings window. The value in this field is the sameas that in the Map Scale field of the Page Setupwindow; a change made to one of these fields isupdated to the other.

page 5

Making Map Layouts

Setting Group ProjectionsThe default group orientation uses the object coordi-nates of the first (bottom) layer in the group. If youwant the group orientation to be derived from mapcoordinates, you need to set the Auto-Match featureto None and choose a projection for use in orienta-tion. Once you choose a group projection, the layersin the group may be reoriented according to theprojection. The selected projection and the geom-etry of the objects selected for display determinewhether a Projection Upright orientation is notice-ably different from an Object Upright orientation.

STEPS

Note: when rasters arerotated in a layout, they tendto slow the printing process.Within the size constraintsof TNTmips Free or whenrotated to 90°, 180°, or270°, the effect is notsignificant. However, whenprinting large rasters, youmay shorten the printingtime by rotating and savingthe raster (Raster /Resample and Reproject/Automatic) prior to printing.Then substitute the rotatedraster for the original in thelayout.

with Group 1 active, clickon the Projection tab inthe Group Settings win-dow and choose Noneon the Auto-Match optionbutton, then click on [Pro-jection]

expand National andLocal in the Predefinedpanel of the CoordinateReference System win-dow that opens

expand the United Statesgroup and the group forthe state of Nebraska

choose NAD27/SPCS27Nebraska North Zone (m)

click [OK] in the Coordi-nate Reference Systemwindow

click on the Select iconfor Group 2 and checkthat the Auto-Match op-tion is set to First Rasteror First Layer

page 6

Making Map Layouts

Adding Map GridsA map grid may contain one or more of the follow-ing components: grid lines, neatline, border, inte-rior/exterior tick marks, and coordinate labels. Wewill use all except interior tick marks. You can setthe color and size independently for each of these.You can also set the font and style for coordinates.

Any map grid added comes up by default in theselected group projection. You can always changethis projection, either for the group as a whole or forthe map grid. You can also overlay multiple mapgrids in different projections on a single group.

The default map grid colors are a medium gray sothey have a fair chance of showing up over mostimages and backgrounds. Let’s set the neatlinecolor to blue and all others to black.

with Group 1 active,click on the AddMap Grid icon

check that the Refer-ence System is UnitedStates State Plane 1927[NAD27/SPCS27 Ne-braska North Zone (m)]and the units are meters

on the Interval panel, setN-S and E-W Intervals to2000 and the Starting Atoption to Origin

on the Graphics panel,check that the Showbuttons for Grid Lines,Neatline, and ExteriorBorder Ticks are on

click on the color tilenext to each of the se-lected graphic elements,and change Grid Linesand Exterior BorderTicks to black and theNeatline to blue

change the NeatlineWidth to 1.5 mm (leavedefaults for others, asshown at right)

choose Design Scale onthe Sizes at option menu

on the Labels panel,click on [Style], set fontto Arial or a similar font,set the Ascender heightto 5 Points, check thatthe At Scale option is setto Design, and click [OK]in the Edit Styles window

set the Coordinates For-mat to xXXxxx / XX, andturn on the Show gridcoordinates toggle

click on [OK] in the MapGrid Layer Controls win-dow

STEPS

opens the EditStyles windowspace between tick

mark and label

page 7

Making Map Layouts

Printing a LayoutFor most applications you would print a single largeimage with two different map grids overlaid ratherthan two separate groups with their own map grids aswe have here. The point of the exercise, however, isnot only adding map grids, but also group position-ing, projection, and orientation.

We are now ready to print this layout. The defaultprinter is always the last selected printer so youshould be set to go from your printing exercise in theDisplaying Geospatial Data tutorial. It is always agood idea to check your page setup when you haven’tprinted for a while unless you know no one else usesyour computer.

STEPS with Group 2 active,

click on the AddMap Grid icon

check that the Refer-ence System is Latitude/ Longitude (NAD27/Geographic) on both theExtents and Intervalpanels with a N-S and E-W interval of 0 01 00.00

check that the settingsmade in steps 4–8 on theprevious page have beenmaintained

click on [OK], thenRedraw

The optimal dither pattern willvary from printer to printer. Youmay even wish to let Windows dothe dithering. The selected ditherpattern is the one I prefer forcolor raster images on myprinter. Be sure to leave theNon-Raster Dither Pattern set toVector Pattern.

choose Print from theDisplay menu in the Dis-play Manager window

verify that the printerModel and Destinationare as intended

click on the Dithering taband set the Raster DitherPattern to Jarvis-Judice-Ninke (or let Windowsdo the dithering)

click on [Print]

page 8

Making Map Layouts

Toggling Tick Mark Colors click on the Map

Grid icon for thegrid in Group 2

turn off the Showtoggle for Grid Lines,and turn on the Showtoggle for InteriorTicks

set the left color buttonto black and the right towhite, the thickness to0.1 mm and the length to2 mm in the InteriorTicks panel, then click[OK]

position the cursor to-ward the bottom ofGroup 2 (bottom group)over the butte, andpress the + key to zoom

open the GeoTool-box and choose itsSelect tool

right click over the butteand select the menuchoice that pops up

repeat for the other tickmarks over the butte

save your layout for usein the exercise on p.44

TNTmips provides the ability to toggle between anytwo colors for interior map grid tick marks. Use ofthis feature creates greater visibility of map grid tick

marks over the entire map area whenthere is considerable variation inbrightness over the underlying image

or vector. You choose a primary color, which isinitially assigned to all interior tick marks, and asecondary color, which can be assigned to indi-vidual tick marks as shown in this exercise. Interiorborder tick color can also be toggled.

You toggle tick mark color using the Select tool inthe GeoToolbox, not the Select tool in the Viewwindow. This right mouse button menu choice isalso available when other GeoToolbox tools areactive. When you right-click with the Select tool, amenu with a single choice pops up. If you activelychoose Toggle Grid Tick Color from the right mousebutton menu, the single, closest interior tick mark orinternal border tick from all the map grid layers ischanged to the secondary color. If you subsequentlychange the secondary tick mark color, the color ofthe tick marks assigned to the secondary color willalso change when the layout is redrawn just as fortick marks drawn in the primary color. You can, ofcourse, also toggle a tick mark back to the primarycolor.

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Making Map Layouts

Display Scale 1:240000 1:120000 1:60000 1:60000

The point of using a map layout product, such asTNTmips, instead of a page layout product likeAdobe® PageMaker® or Microsoft® Publisher, is thata map layout product uses georeference informationto determine accurate map scales for printing andprecise geographic overlay of a variety of objecttypes. However, often not all components of a mapor other layout are georeferenced (for example,annotation text, legends, and company logos). Thesize for such components must be set when design-ing a layout, and that size needs to be either absolute(unchanging) or relative to some map scale.

You set how to determine size for text, legends, linepatterns, symbols, and some scale bar parameters.Map scale enters into displayed sizes, so your choicealso determines if the size changes as you zoom inand out. How to set the size for ungeoreferencedobjects like logos and text is discussed in the Rela-tive Group Zoom exercise.

Relative and Absolute Size

Fixed (None)

STEPS

stays specified sizeregardless of designscale or display scale

User Defined(1:120000)

zooms relative to thespecified map scale,changing design scalehas no effect

Design Scale(see top line)

zooms relative to thedesign scale, changingdesign scale changesdisplay scale forspecified size

“At Scale” Setting

Design Scale 1:120000 1:120000 1:120000 1:60000

click on the New iconand select Page Layout

click on the AddObjects icon andselect the two objects inthe CIR_COMP Project File(select vector second)

open the Layer Controlsfor the SITES object, clickon [Edit] for All Samepoint style, and set theAt Scale option to None

click [OK] in the StyleEditor and Layer Con-trols windows

zoom in and out andnote the effects

change the At Scaleoption to User Defined(120000) and then De-sign (repeat steps 3–5for each)

page 10

Making Map Layouts

Symbols with Fixed Ground DimensionsYou may want to design a symbol or line pattern sothat it is always the same size or width on the groundregardless of the scale of your layout or the resolu-tion of your data. For example, a four lane dividedhighway should have the same width on the groundwhether displayed over a raster with 1-meter or 10-meter cell size, and a symbol for a radar reflector thatmeasures ten feet across should represent ten feetwhether displayed at 1:60000 or 1:120000.

Fixed ground dimensions are not a property of thesymbol or line pattern—they are a property of thestyle. Achieving such real-world sizes across mapscales requires that the At Scale option be set to User-Defined. You could theoretically set the symbol sizeor line width at a map scale of 1:1, which wouldeliminate scaling calculations, but the Style Editor

attempts to display thesample at the requestedabsolute dimensions, anda 10-meter symbol far ex-ceeds the availablesample area. A number ofreasonable size examples

are provided below to assist you in setting your ownmap scales.

The symbology used inthis exercise is not sig-nificant, but the resultsare. The measurementsshown are the same forobjects whose extentsvary by approximatelyten-fold.

at 1:12000, 1" = 1000 feetat 1:120000, 1" = 10000 feetat 1:1200, 1" = 100 feet

at 1:1000, 10mm = 10 metersat 1:10000, 10mm = 100 meters

with the two objects fromthe previous exercisestill displayed, click onthe Vector icon forthe SITES layer

on the Points panel ofthe Vector Layer Con-trols, click on [Edit] forStyle

set the units to Inchesand the Height to 1.00

set At Scale to User-Defined, enter 120000 inthe field to the right, andclick [OK] in the StyleEditor and Vector LayerControls windows

click on Redraw

click on the Geo-Toolbox icon, thenon the Ruler tool

zoom up on one of theflag symbols and mea-sure the pole length

click on the OpenDisplay icon, andselect the OPTGROUP* ob-ject in the TOWNS ProjectFile from the CARTOSCR

folder

click on the icon forTOWNS vector, click[Styles] on the Objecttab, navigate to the SITES

object in the CIR_COMP

Project File, and selectits VECTSTYLE subobject

click on the Points tab,change the Style to AllSame, click on [Edit],then set the Point Styleto Symbol, click on f2 toselect the symbol, andset the height and scaleas in steps 3 and 4

repeat steps 5–7

Ruler

* Do not save thechanges when youclose this group.

page 11

Making Map Layouts

Starting a Complex LayoutSTEPS close the group from the

last exercise (do not savechanges) and the twolayouts already made

click on the New iconand choose PageLayout

click on the AddLayer(s) icon andselect COMPOSITE,BUFFERZONES, SHORELINE,and ROADSANDSTREAMS inthe MILLNGTN Project File(in that order)

click on the Settingsicon for Group 1,then the Layout tab, andset the Layout Scale to42000

click on the AddMap Grid icon

click on [Reference Sys-tem] on the Extentstabbed panel and selectLatitude / Longitude(Geographic 2D)

set the North-SouthRange to N 39 15 00 toN 39 18 45, and the East- West Range toW 75 52 30 toW 75 48 45

click on [Reference Sys-tem] on the Intervaltabbed panel and selectLatitude / Longitude(Geographic 2D), thenset the Interval to 0 00 30in both directions

make the neatline thick-ness 1 mm and the colorblack (refer to p. 6)

set the Label format toDD°MM'SS" and the As-cender Height to 7 Points

click on [OK]

Now we’re going to create a fairly typical image mapusing a central large raster with a map grid and CADoverlays, a legend, scale bars, north arrow, companylogo, and annotation text. Let’s start the map withthe largest group, which contains a raster and threeCAD layers.

We’ll add the map grid next since it will change thesize of the group. The default projection for a mapgrid is obtained from the georeference selected in theLayer Controls for the first layer, which happens tobe Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) for theraster layer in this layout. We’ll change this toLatitude / Longitude.

Unless theextents are asspecified here,the neatline willnot be at theraster’s edge.

Keep thislayout openuntil done withthe exercise onp. 18, or saveit, and useOpen Displayto start againwhere you leftoff.

Turn this optionoff if it is on tobe able to setextents.

Turn this optionoff if it is on.

page 12

Making Map Layouts

Add Heading Text and Reposition GroupsSTEPS click on the Add

Text icon

click on the TextStyle icon in theText Layer Controls

check that the fontis the same asselected on page6, and click on theBold toggle

set the AscenderHeight to 30 Points

choose Design fromthe At Scale optionmenu and click [OK]

click in the text boxand type in MillingtonSW

click [OK] in the TextLayer Controls window

on the Group SettingsLayout panel, click on[To…] for Vertical At-tachment, choose Mar-gin, then choose Top toTop from the VerticalAttachment option menu;set the Horizontal At-tachment to Group 1*

click on Redraw

click on the Place-ment icon in theView window

position the mousewithin the outline forGroup 1 so that youhave the hand cursor,then click, after the cur-sor changes to thecross arrow, click andhold while dragging thebox upward closer to theheading text (keep thehorizontal spacing atzero), then press<enter>

The icon for adding a text layer is on the mainDisplay Manager toolbar because text must be in aseparate group for sizing and positioning. The bestchoice of group attachment options depends on avariety of factors such as whether you want the group

to follow movements of an-other group and whether thelayout will be used again at a

different map scale.Not all printers havesymmetrical margins,so horizontal center-ing is best achievedby attaching to thepage. You can posi-tion objects at theedge of the printablearea by attachingthem to the margin.

An outline of the group extents appears when youswitch to the Placement tool so you can drag a groupto a new position on the page. The cursor is the crossarrows shape for repositioning. The cursor shapes(and functions) used for resizing elastic boxes areinactive while the Lock toggle next to the RelativeZoom field is on. This lock prevents inadvertentchange of the group’s map scale relative to thelayout scale and other groups, so that the groupprints at the map scale you expect.

* You could use the default horizontal attachments for thisexercise, but this attachment is needed when you get to p. 39.

page 13

Making Map Layouts

Using the Layout Placement ToolThe Layout Placement tool provides a graphic meansof visualizing and changing the position and attach-ment of all groups in a layout. You can make a groupthe active group by clicking on it. The informationin the Group Settings window is updated when theactive group is changed and the group becomeseligible for changes in position and attachment. Usethe Placement tool and the Group Settings windowtogether to get the results you want.

Changing group attachments works differently withthe Placement tool than in the Group Settings win-dow. If you change what a group is attached to in theGroup Settings window, the values in the Spacingfields remain the same. If you change the attachmentwith the Placement tool, the group remains in thesame position on the page and the spacing values arerecalculated to reflect its distance from the newattachment group.

There are three viewing modes: normal, wireframe,and solid. In the normal mode, all layers are drawnand the Placement tool elements are added. Reposi-tioning is easy in this mode, but it is sometimesdifficult to see the attachment arrows. Drawing isfaster in the wireframe and solid modes. You choosethe viewing mode from the right mouse button menu,which also has a Lock Scale toggle if over a group.

STEPS right click over the lay-

out and chooseWireframe View

right click over the lay-out again and chooseSolid

right click over the lay-out again and turn Solidoff

hand cursor—you areover a group that isnot the active groupbut will become theactive group if youclick

cross arrows cursor—you are over theactive group and willreposition the activegroup and everythingattached to it if youclick and drag

double arrow cursor—you will grab anattachment arrowwhen you click

left arrow cursor—noaction associated withthis cursor shape

The group name isprovided as a DataTipwhen the LayoutPlacement tool isactive.

Note: You can alsochange to thePlacement tool bytyping the letter p whenthe View window hasfocus.

page 14

Making Map Layouts

Adding a Scale BarSTEPS click on the Add

Scale Bar icon

change the units in theMap Units panel to milesthen enter 2 for length

set the Major and MinorDivisions to 4 and 5,respectively

in the Size panel, set theBar Width to 0.08 inches,the Text Size to 7 Points,and check that the AtScale entry is 42000

confirm that the followingthree of six Style panelcheck buttons are on:Center Line, Show Units,and Show Ticks

click on [Colors] to con-firm that the colors forthe border, text, andeven and odd segmentsare black, black, red,and white, respectively

click on [Text Style] toselect the font you usedfor the map grid text

click on [OK] in the ScaleBar Layer Controls

The vertical spacing for the final position of Group1 will be a negative number (indicating it is abovethe point of attachment) that varies with yourprinter’s printable area. The group’s position canalso be adjusted by entering a number directly in theSpacing field for horizontal or vertical attachment.Pressing <enter> over the layout when the Place-ment tool is active initiates a redraw.

Maps often contain more than one scale bar toprovide scale using different units. When multiplescale bars are included, they are generally stackedvertically with the longest scale bar at the top. Thelength of a scale bar is determined by the map scaleof the layout and the relative zoom of the group. Ifyou are providing scale for an enlarged inset, youneed to be sure the relative zoom of the scale bargroup is the same as that of the inset (see the laterexercise on Relative Zoom). Because width is thedimension opposite to length, the width set is thethickness of the scale bar.

The number of minor divisions must divide evenly into the

Width and TextSize are relative tothe designatedmap scale.

The first minor division(upper left) is the oddcolor; colors thenalternate.

length of the majordivisions (you canhave 5 but not 6minor divisions ifthe length of a majordivision is 0.5 miles).

You now have a scale bar,which is the active group,centered on the page.

page 15

Making Map Layouts

Multiple Scale Bars and PositioningOnce you have added one scale bar, you just need tochange the parameters in the Map Units panel,namely the units and length, to add other matchingscale bars to the layout. Settings in other panelsshould remain the same.

Note that you can change group names before or afterestablishing attachments; the attachment informa-tion is updated whenever a name is changed. Attach-ing the scale bars to each other and then to the imagemap (Group 1) lets you establish uniform spacingbetween the scale bars, and sets it so subsequentadjustments to the image map position bring alongthe scale bars with the current spacing maintained.Thus, if you later decide you want to move the imagecloser to or further from the heading text, the scalebars will also move provided you make the positionadjustments to Group 1. When you change to adifferent tool, such as the zoom box, the View isredrawn.

STEPS click on the Add

Scale Bar icon

change the units in theMap Units panel to feetthen set the length to10000

check that the font is stillthe font selected previ-ously

click on [OK] in the ScaleBar Layer Controls

repeat steps 1–4 exceptchange the units to kilo-meters, enter 2 for theLength and change theUnits Label to km

for Vertical Attachment(Layout panel of theGroup Settings window)with the km group active,click on [To] and choosefeet, then Top to Bottom,with a Spacing of 0.1";make the horizontal at-tachment also to feet,Center to Center

select the feet groupand attach it verticallyTop to Bottom, with aSpacing of 0.1" to themiles group, and hori-zontally, Center to Cen-ter, also to the milesgroup

select the miles groupand attach it vertically toGroup 1, Top to Bottom,with a 0.2" spacing andhorizontally to Group 1,Center to Center

right click and turnoff Wireframe View

click on Save Dis-play (name the lay-out if not yet saved)

Scale bars enlargedin regular drawingmode to show detail.

page 16

Making Map Layouts

Adding a Logo and North ArrowMap layouts generally contain one or more compo-nents that are not georeferenced. In addition toannotation text and legends, which are sized relativeto some map scale when added, there may be a northarrow and logo or other strictly graphic components.All such components must be placed in separategroups so they can be sized independently.

You usually have to change the relative zoom inorder to get ungeoreferenced objects to display cor-rectly with georeferenced objects. You do not want

STEPS click on the Add 2D

Group to Layout icon

click on the AddObjects icon, andselect the NORTH objectfrom the LAYOUT ProjectFile

change the Group Nameto North Arrow in theGroup Settings window

set the Horizontal At-tachment To Group 1(Left to Left) with aspacing of -0.2" andthe Vertical AttachmentTo miles (Top to Top)

set the Height to 1.25"(type directly in theHeight field)

click on the Add 2DGroup to Layouticon, then on the AddObjects icon, andselect the MIGLOBE objectfrom the LAYOUT ProjectFile

change the Group Nameto Logo

set the Horizontal Attach-ment To Group 1 (Rightto Right) with Spacing of-0.6 and the Vertical At-tachment To miles (Topto Top)

set the Height to 1.0"

click on the Redrawicon

to make direct en-tries into theWidth, Height, orRelative Zoomfields for georef-erenced layers un-

less adding an enlarged or reduced inset to yourlayout (see later exercise on Relative Zoom). How-ever, to make the size of an ungeoreferenced groupreasonable in a layout, you can enter the desirednumber in any of these fields, and the other two willbe automatically adjusted. Direct entry into one ofthese fields overrides the Lock toggle, which pre-vents accidental resizing while repositioning a groupwith the mouse.

page 17

Making Map Layouts

STEPS choose Add/Legend/

Quick-Add Legend fromthe Display Managermenu, and selectLINELEGEND from the LAYOUT

Project File

leave the HorizontalAttachment as is and setthe Vertical AttachmentTo Margin (Bottom toBottom)

click on the AddText icon, click onthe Text Style icon andthen on [Advanced Set-tings], turn on the WordWrap toggle, set theblock width to 2.00inches, click [OK], thenset the Ascender Heightto 8 Points with a Verti-cal Space of 9.5 Pointswith Normal style

type in the text at theleft, and click on [OK]

set the text group’s Hori-zontal Attachment toLogo (Center to Center)and the Vertical Attach-ment To Margin (Bottomto Bottom)

Adding a Legend and Descriptive Text

This image map was generated usingthe interactive Page Layout processin TNTmips from MicroImages, Inc., 206S. 13th Street, Lincoln, NE 68508-2010,(402)477-9554. The layout was printedon a (name of your printer).

A line legend object has been prepared for your usein this layout. This legend includes only the waterrelated line features; road lines are not included.You create your own vector and raster legends inlater exercises.

Text entered as part of a layout is saved in the layoutp r o p e r t i e s ,which elimi-nates the need tokeep track of thetext separately.You can alsoopen a text file to supply the text. You can edit textafter it is entered by opening the layer controls andtyping in the changes. You do not need to press<enter> at the endof a line when WordWrap is turned onin the AdvancedSettings unless youwant to force a line break at a particular location.You can elect to justify (align on left and right) a textblock if Word Wrap is turned on. If the width of thefont you are using is significantly greater than Arial,the lines may be broken differently than shown.

Note: the icons to add objects automatically placedin separate groups, such as text, scale bars, andlegends, are found on the toolbar in the DisplayManager window. Object types that may exist withothers in a group, such as rasters and vectors, areadded from the Add Objects icon or the Add menu.If you want one of the latter objects to be in aseparate group, you must first add a new group.

click on the Redrawicon

page 18

Making Map Layouts

STEPS click on the Add Text

icon and set the TextAlignment to Center andthe Ascender Heightto 9 Points with a Ver-tical Space of 11Points

type in the text in thebox at the right (press<enter> after each line),then click on [OK]

set the HorizontalAttachment To NorthArrow (Center to Cen-ter) and the VerticalAttachment To Margin(Bottom To Bottom)

select Group 1 withthe map grid as the ac-tive layer and click on theClipping tab in the GroupSettings window

click on [Match Layer]and check that the Pro-jection is Latitude / Lon-gitude with Latitude fromN 39 15 00 to N 39 1845 and Longitude W 7552 30 to W 75 48 45

turn on the Clip toggle

click on Redraw

click on Save

choose Display/Print

One More Text Block and ClippingYour advanced settings are retained from one textblock to the next. In the case of centered text with areturn at the end of each line, the block width makesno difference except in the wireframe shown with the

Nontidal WetlandsGuidance Map (1989)

State of MarylandDepartment of Natural ResourcesWater Resources Administration

Placement tool. You canchange text characteristicsby setting them before youbegin typing or by high-

lighting the text after typing and making the changes.TNTmips supports multiple text styles within a text

block and showsthe text as it willappear except thatjustified text ap-pears as flush leftin the Text Layer

Controls window. If you right-click and turn onShow Formatting Codes, the text will be uniform andthe codes used for mixed formatting will be shown.

You may have noticedwhile working with thislayout that the CAD ob-jects extend a little be-

yond the edges of the raster. We will clip this groupto the raster extents to give a neater appearance to theprinted product. Be sure to turn on the Clip togglebutton at the upper left of the Clipping tabbed panelor the clipping parameters you enter will not beapplied.

Before Clipping

After Clipping

CAD linesextend beyondborder

A completed version of this layout is also available with thesample data for this booklet (layout.rvc/Millington).

page 19

Making Map Layouts

Additional Clipping OptionsGroups can be clipped a number of different ways inthe TNT products. Clipping is done on a group bygroup basis. Not all clipping options are manuallyset as in the previous exercise. There is a toggle onthe Projection tabbed panel of the Group Settingswindow that is active as long as the Auto-Matchoption on the same panel is set to a choice other thanNone. When this Clip to Auto-Matched Layer toggleis on, the Clipping tab is inactive and the extents ofthe layer used for auto-matching are used for clip-ping. You could use this method to achieve the sameresults as in the previous exercise without having toenter geographic coordinates.

You have the option of clipping or not clipping asketch layer when the group that contains it is clipped.This setting is found in the GeoToolboxon the Op-tions/Sketch menu (Clip Sketch If Group Is Clippedtoggle). When sketch layers are used as annotation,you probably do not want them clipped with thegroup. This toggle is off by default.

There is also a Use geographically-attached groupclipping option on the Clipping tabbed panel of theGroup Settings window. This option lets you use thesame clipping settings as the group to which theactive group is geographically attached. For moreinformation on geographic attachment, see the laterexerise entitled Attach Groups by Georeference .

click on theGeoToolbox iconin the View window

click on the Sketch taband save the emptysketch layer

make an annotation out-side group extents in theopen layout when Group1 is the active group

turn on the Options/Sketch/Clip Sketch ifGroup Is Clippedtoggle and redraw

turn off the toggle and redraw again

delete the sketchlayer then save thelayout

sketch layer not clipped with group sketch layer clipped with group

page 20

Making Map Layouts

Placement Tool Hot and Modifier KeysThe Layout Placement tool has a number of key-board shorcuts to make your layout manipulationsquicker. These keys are only active when the Viewwindow has focus. Both the spacebar and the <en-ter> (or <return>) key redraw the view when thePlacement tool is active. The arrow keys work tonudge the active group and all groups attached to it.

Holding down the <shift> key while dragging orusing the arrow keys to move a group that hasattachments from another group will move the groupyou are dragging without repositioning the groupsattached to it. The unmodified dragging action(<shift> key not pressed) repositions the group youare dragging and all the groups attached to it.

The zoom control hot keys are availablle when usingthe Placement tool just as they are for other Displayactivities. Choose the desired option from theHotKeys menu in the View window. Note that thespacebar and arrow key functions are different thanlisted on the menu when the Layout Placement toolis active.

The View window automatically gets focus whendoing any dragging action because you must clickon the window. Check that the View window hasfocus if you are using hot keys and do not get theintended action.

original layoutGroup 1 dragged with<shift> key held down

Group 1 dragged without<shift> key held down

STEPS change to the Lay-

out Placement tool

change to wireframeviewing mode (note thatredrawing is much fasterfor complex layouts inwireframe mode)

click and drag Group 1to just below the pageheading

click on the Redraw iconor press the spacebaror <enter> key

return Group 1 to itsoriginal position

hold down the <shift>key, then click and dragGroup 1 to just belowthe page heading again

note the change in rela-tive spacing betweenGroup 1 and the groupsattached to it (NorthArrow, scalebar, andlogo)

close the layout withoutsaving the changes

Note: you can also changebetween tools when the Viewwindow has focus. Thesehotkeys are shown on the Toolsmenu and in ToolTips.

page 21

Making Map Layouts

STEPS click on the Open

icon, and select theMillington layout savedon p. 19 (if not open)

choose Save As fromthe Display menu andcreate a new object inthe CIR_COMP Project File

with Group 1 selected,turn off the Clip toggle*on the Clipping paneland set the map scale to86000 (Layout panel)

remove the raster andthree CAD layers (DONOT remove the mapgrid layer)

click on the AddObjects icon, selectCOMPOSITE from the CIR_COMP Project File,and lower the raster

open the Map GridLayer Controls; changeto N-S Range of N 42 3730 to N 42 45 00 and E-W Range of W 103 22 30to W 103 15 00

on the Interval panel,change the Interval to 001 00 in both directions,and click [OK]

open the layer controlsfor each of the scalebars and change the AtScale value to 86000

set the Height for theNorth Arrow group to1.25" and the Logogroup to 1.0"

click on Redraw

choose Display / Close(saving is up to you)

Maps in a Series: Same Paper SizeYou may be doing production work in which youwant to make a series of maps that use roughly thesame layout. The selections you make when settingtext sizes and line widths determine how easy it is toreuse a layout. In general, the At Design Scalesettings are best suited for a series of maps designedfor the same paper size. Such maps may containdifferent depictions of the same ground area or maybe of a different location at the same map scale.Templates can easily prompt you for replacementobjects for such a map series (see the next twoexercises). This exercise describes how to alter alayout for a different location at a different map scalebecause it is a somewhat more complex problem.

You can “reuse” a map grid from one layout toanother that covers a different geographic area byopening the Map Grid Layer Controls and updatingthe extents of the map grid without altering otherparameters. If the map scale is significantly differ-ent, you may also want to change the grid interval.

The width and text size for scale bars is alwaysrelative to a map scale, so you need to change thisscale to the new layout scale to keep the same textsize and width. The length automatically changes tobe correct at the new layout scale, however, you maywant to change the assigned length of the scale bars.You also need to select the groups containing thelogo and north arrow and enter the desired height (orwidth).

The text groups may needto have the text changedto correctly identify thenew map; Millington SWshould be changed toCrow Butte in this ex-ample. Some text layers,such as the one at the lowerright, may apply to all lay-outs without editing.

* I f this toggle is not off,only the legend and textgroups draw.

page 22

Making Map Layouts

Maps in a Series: Different Paper SizesThe maximum printable area in TNTmips Free andBasic is tabloid size (11" x 17"), which is sufficientlylarger than letter size to illustrate the effect of chang-ing paper size on a layout. You do not actually haveto have the printer to select it (if choosing modelswith the Printer option toggled on).

Setting text and legend layers relative to somedefined map scale means that they change size as themap scale changes, which is what you want tohappen if you’re also changing paper size when youchange map scale. As mentioned on the previouspage, scale bar size specifications (width and linethickness) can only be relative to a specified mapscale. The text size can be relative to either a user-defined or the design map scale. The length of scalebars always adjusts automatically when the mapscale of the layout changes.

groups relativeto User-Definedmap scale atnew paper sizeand layout scale

groups relative toDesign scale atnew paper sizeand layout scale

Note how much closer to the desiredresult you come when changing papersizes if User-Defined at the originalmap scale is set. You would probablystill want to increase the size of theheading and perhaps move the imagemap up a little on the page beforeprinting this layout.

STEPS click on the Open

icon, and select theMillington layout savedon p. 19 (not p. 21)

choose Save As fromthe Display menu andcreate a new object inthe same Project File

choose Display / PageSetup, click on [Model],and select a printer ableto print to B size paper(11" x 17", such as theHP PaintJet XL)

on the Size panel, setthe Map Scale to 28000,change the Media Size toB, and click [OK]

select each of the threetext groups (MillingtonSW, This image wasgenerated using the, andNontidal Wetlands), openthe layer controls foreach, and change theScale setting to User-Defined [42000] in theText Style Editor window(recall that 42000 wasthe scale of the Millingtonmap on A size paper)

open the Layer Controlsfor the legend and setthe scale to User-De-fined Map Scale [42000]in the Legend LayerControls Sizes panel

click on Redraw

page 23

Making Map Layouts

Maps in a Series: Setting Up TemplatesSTEPS click on the Open

Display icon, andselect the Millington lay-out saved on p. 19

click on the GroupSettings icon for theNorth Arrow group

click on the Special tab,then turn on the Savelayers to template “as-is”toggle

Layout templates are designed for use with maps ina series at the same layout scale and the same papersize. You could, however, have used a template forthe last exercise, but the idea is to teach you a varietyof methods for modifying layouts.

You need to do some preparation work with yourlayout before saving it as a template or you will beprompted for the contents of all replaceable groupsin the layout. There is a single control that deter-mines whether or not you are promptedfor new group contents when a tem-plate is opened. This control is lo-cated on the Special panel of theGroup Settings window. You need toturn on this toggle for each group thatwill be a constant feature in your mapseries, such as the North arrow and logo.

Scale bars are one layer type for which this toggledoes not need to be set—they will be the same, unlessyou change the map scale, and then they are auto-matically adjusted. Legends also remain the samewithout any special settings. If the samelegend does not apply to the new map,you will need to change the legend (seeexercise on page 25). With multi-objectlegends, as long as the layer namesremain the same, the legend will beupdated to reflect the new objects. Thelayer name can be the file and objectname, the object name, or the object’sdescription. The one you select needsto be consistent across objects if youwant the legend to apply to the replace-ment objects.

Groups with map grids are handled specially. Al-though you are prompted for replacement layers, themap grid remains and is automatically adjusted tothe extents of the new group contents.

click on the Logo group

turn on the Save layersto template “as-is” toggle

click on the name of theThis image was gener-ated using the text group(lower right)

turn on the Save layersto template “as-is” toggle

click on the Nontidalwetlands text group(lower left) and turn onthe same option

choose Display / SaveAs Template

save the template withyour Millington layout,and name itMARYLANDMAPS

note the coordinates atthe upper left of the map

page 24

Making Map Layouts

Maps in a Series: Using TemplatesSTEPS choose Display / Close,

and click [No] in theQuestion prompt window

click on the Openicon and select theMARYLANDMAPS template

when prompted to selectthe spatial layers forGroup 1 choose COMPOS-ITE (raster) andSTMARY_NW (vector) bothin the STMARYS Project File

when prompted forgroup clip settings, turnoff the Clip toggle

when prompted to enterreplacement text forMillington SW, changethe text to St. Marys CityNW, and click [OK]

zoom up on the upperleft corner and note themap coordinates havebeen changed

One of the features of templates is to prompt you fornew group clipping extents if clipping was on in thelayout from which the template was saved. If yourecall, you had entered the extents for the MillingtonSW raster and applied clipping to Group 1. In theexercise on page 21 in which you manually updatethe layout, turning off clipping was included as oneof the steps before the new layout was drawn. Ifclipping to the previous coordinates was still ap-plied to the new Group 1, the image map would notbe drawn since it is completely outside the clippingrectangle. Thus, if you are using a template to makea series of maps of the same ground area with differ-ent overlays clipped to specific extents, you willhave to reset the extents for clipping the group whenthe template is loaded. The clipping extents at thetime the template was saved are still listed on theclipping panel.

It is possible in a map series that the samelegend would apply to all the maps, but thatis not the case between the Millington andSt. Marys City quarter quads. In the nextexercise, you will learn how to make a newlegend that does apply to this map.

Note: You can also createmaps in a series using anSML script. This approachis described in the Printingbooklet.

page 25

Making Map Layouts

STEPS

with the St. Marys layoutopen, click on theLegend icon in theLineLegend (or Millingtonw...)* group

click on [Legend Object],navigate to your STMARYS

Project File, click on theNew Object icon,change Millington inthe description to St.Marys City NW, and click[OK]

click on [Style Object],navigate to the STMARYS

Project File, and choosethe STYLES object

click on [Edit Legend],select Break_Lead_Linein the Style column, thenedit the text in the fieldtoward the bottom of thewindow to read Breakand Lead Lines

select Estuarine_Lin andchange the text to Estua-rine Wetlands; selectRiverine_Lin and changethe text to Riverine Wet-lands

select Unclass, click on[Cut], select Palustrine_Lin and click on [Cut]

click on --Heading-- inthe Available Styles col-umn, then click on [Add]

click in the text field to-ward the bottom of thewindow, type in Legend,and click [OK]

click on Redraw

click on the Saveicon

Make a New LegendYou use the legend already in the layout as the basisfor the new legend in this exercise. Creating a newlegend object in this fashion has advantages overclicking on the Add Legend icon on the toolbar: youretain the group’s position and you retain any stylesdefined for the existing legend, such as headingstyles. You also don’t need to delete the legend thatno longer applies.

Yellow does not generally show up well in a legendprinted on paper, yet it is an excellent color forvisibility on this particular map. You could specify

The text youenter here isused as thelabel, replacingthe defaultname, which isthe style name.

All styles areinitially listedhere.

You might consider adding some space between thenew legend and the margin because the new legendis not as tall as the original legend in the layout.

a contrasting back-ground color for thelegend if desired, how-ever, you need to alsomake sure the text isstill easily readable.

* The name of the group dependson whether you are viewing objectnames or descriptions for layers.

page 26

Making Map Layouts

Interactive Legend DesignMulti-object legends let you combine legend infor-mation for multiple objects and/or multiple elementtypes in a single legend. They also offer features notavailable in other legend types, such as interactiveplacement of legend components and the availabil-ity of frames and shadows. You will create a legendfor the points, lines, and polygons from a singlevector object. The method for adding additionalelement types or objects to the legend is exactly thesame as that for adding the first. All new items in the

legend are initially placed in a singlecolumn. Items are selected for moving orediting by clicking on them. Clickingon an item then shift-clicking on a sec-ond item will select the items you clickedon and all items in between. Holding thecontrol key while clicking lets you makemultiple, noncontinuous selections.

Another feature that distinguishes multi-object legends from the other legend

types is they are storedas part of the layout,like scroll bars andtext, rather than asseparate objects. Thelegend is saved to thelayout when you clickon the OK button inthe Legend LayerControls. You canedit the legend byclicking on the

group’s legendicon.

STEPS

click on the Openicon, and select theHARLANFRANKLIN layout inthe DLG_HYDR Project File

click on the AddLegend icon

click on the Addfrom Layer icon onthe Layout panel of theLegend Layer Controls

click on Points forthe hydrology layer,then click [OK]

repeat steps 3 and4, but choose Lines

repeat steps 3 and4, but choose Poly-gons

right-click on theStream enteringwater body, Streamexiting waterbody... entryand pick Deletefrom the menu

right-click onApparent limit,Overpassing...,and chooseProperties

double-click inthe text field tohighlight thetext, type Pe-rennial, thenclick [OK]

click on Pe-rennial, shift-click onIntermittent, thenright-click, chooseProperties, turn on theZigzag Line Sample,and click [OK]

keep this layout openfor the next two exer-cises

The label editingfeature of thePropertieswindow does notappear whenmore than oneitem is selected.

page 27

Making Map Layouts

STEPS

right-click in the blankarea of the LegendLayer Controls andchoose Add VerticalGuide

drag the new guide untilit is about 1/4" right ofthe first legend item

click on Perennial, shift-click on Marsh, wetland,swamp, bog, drag thegroup up and to the rightuntil it is aligned with thetop and new guides

click on the EditText Style icon andchange the parametersfor Normal text if desired

click on the Frame tab,turn on all three checkboxes, and set the Angleto 330 or similar

click on each of thecolor tiles and choosesome color scheme youfind pleasing (you shouldkeep the backgound anddrop shadow colors pale)

click [OK], then clickon the Layout Place-ment icon* (in View)

set the Vertical Attach-ment to the Margin, Bot-tom to Bottom at a Spac-ing of 0.1"

click on Redraw

print the layout if desired

Finishing a Multi-Object Legend

If your printable area issmaller than that of theprinter selected for theillustration, you may findthat the legend is toolarge to fit in the remain-ing space. Just click onthe Legend icon for thegroup and reduce thesize of samples and textas needed. See theCartoScripts booklet forhow to get CartoScriptsamples into legends.

Multi-object legends have two default text styles:Normal and Heading. Normal is used for labels andHeading is the default for added text. You can,however, change these assignments in the Propertieswindow for the selected item. You can also changethe font, size, and style of both text types using theEdit Text Style button at the top of the Legend LayerControls. Additional text styles can be added forcomplex legends. A heading can be repositionedand edited like any other item in a legend.

You can control the amount of space between legenditems using the Offset values in the Properties win-dow. All items start out equally spaced, but this maybe inadvertently changed while dragging. Simplyselect all items that you want to have the samespacing, right-click to open the Properties windowand enter the desired value for the top and left offset.The top offset applies to the distance from the itemor guide immediately above, so you may want a topoffset of zero for the top item in each column. Youcan also change the order of items by dragging, and

spacing willautomaticallybe adjusted toaccomoda tethe change.

* Groups that can have onlyone layer, such as legends,scale bars, and text, havelimited functions available inthe Group Settings window,and the icon that opens theGroup Settings window is theLayout Placement icon.

page 28

Making Map Layouts

Mattes with Legends and Other GroupsA legend frame, such as that set up in the previousexercise, is a simple example of a matte, or back-ground layer. Mattes can be used for decorativeeffect with legends or any other group type and forentire layouts as well. A legend frame is limited toa solid border with a solid fill and a solid color dropshadow. Instead of setting frame parameters for alegend in the Legend Layer Controls, you can choosea matte for the legend group if you want moreelaborate effects. Mattes provide gradient and radialfills using any two colors and the color spread typeyou specify. You can also specify solid fills. Thereare nine predefined border styles for mattes (solid,double, inset, outset, etched in, etched out, groove,ridge, and rounded), and CartoScripts can be used tocreate more ornate borders. You can choose a blendeddrop shadow for mattes in addition to the solid dropshadow available for frames.

Many solid colors are too dark for use as a mattebackground. You can lighten any color if youinclude transparency and the matte is part of a pagelayout to be printed on white paper, it will lighten thecolor considerably. Remember that mattes can be

used for any group andthat not all componentsof a matte need to be used.

STEPS

click on the Legendicon to open theLegend Layer Controls,turn off the 3 toggles onthe Frame panel, andclick [OK]

with Legend as the ac-tive group, click on theMatte panel in the GroupSettings window

set the background styleto Gradient, then click onthe first color tile andselect medium bluegreenwith 70% transparency

leave the left margin at 0mm, and set all others to2.0

set the Drop ShadowColor to a medium gray,the Distance to 2.0, andturn on Gaussian Blend

set theBorderStyle toOutset,Color toblue, andSize to1.0

click onRedraw

print thelayout ifdesired

radial background only(colors reversed)

drop shadow only

page 29

Making Map Layouts

Raster Theme Mapping and LegendsSTEPS

click on the Newicon and choosePage Layout

click on the AddObjects icon andchoose the raster in theMTSTHELENS Project File

click on the GroupSettings icon andset the layout map scaleto 260,000

click on the LayerControls icon andclick on the Edit buttonnext to the Theme Map-ping option menu

change the color distri-bution to somethingmore neutral by clickingon each of the ColorSpread tiles

click on OK and acceptthe default name for thetheme

click on OK in the RasterLayer Controls and re-draw

click on the AddLegend icon then onthe Add from Layericon in the LegendLayer Controls

choose Group 1 andclick OK

in the Group Settingswindow, set the horizon-tal attachment for thelegend group to the mar-gin (Right to Right)

set the horizontal attach-ment for Group 1 to theLegend (Right to Left)with a spacing of 0.1

click on Redraw

The raster theme mapping feature automaticallygenerates interval categories from the cell values ofraster objects. The Raster Theme Map Controls letyou set the number of intervals you want, the distri-bution type to use in determining the intervals, andthe colors you want.

The raster theme map legend is automatically se-lected for you when you create a raster theme map.This legend will be used in the View window if youhave the Show Legend option turned on. In theinterest of space, you may want to choose an imagesample or thumb-nail for the legendeven if it is thememapped. However,the legend type youget for a raster whenadding a multi-ob-ject legend is deter-mined by the typeof legend selectedon the Legendtabbed panel of theRaster Layer Con-trols. You will notget the resultsshown in this exer-cise unless youleave the LegendType in the RasterLayer Controls setto Raster ThemeMap Ranges. If youwant to add a leg-end for the raster tothe page layout,saving space in thesidebar legend isnot recommended.

page 30

Making Map Layouts

Creating a Color Scale LegendSTEPS click on New icon

and choose Page Layout

click on the Settingsicon for the layoutand change the DesignScale to 2X

click on the AddObjects icon, andselect DEM_16BIT in theCB_ELEV Project File

set the contrast to Nor-malize and check thatColorMap is the selectedColor Palette

choose Add/Legend/AddColor Scale Legend

create a new legendobject (ELEVSCALE) in yourCB_ELEV Project File

when prompted for acolor palette, select theDEM_16BIT raster then itsCOLORMAP subobject

set the Contrast optionmenu to Normalize

set the Sample SizeLength to 50 and Widthto 5 mm at the LayoutMap Scale with a LabelSpacing of 2.5 and Mar-gin of 0 mm

turn on the Labels onRight toggle button thenclick on [Edit] to its right

enter the text shownin the Legend Editor win-dow and click [OK]

in the Group Settingswindow with theElevScale group active,set the Horizontal at-tachment to Group 1[Left to Right] with anOffset of 0.1" and Verti-cal attachment to Group1 [Top to Top]

Color scale legends are most appropriate for quan-titative data with a continuous spread color map.Because the color map value often does not reflectthe real world value it represents, you need to enterthe color map values you want labeled and the labeltext you want. We are going to have five labels suchthat the elevations end in either a five or zero. Youcan click on the Auto button and have the processgenerate the cell values and associated real worldvalues over the range you enter. However thesevalues are not likely to be multiples of five or ten.You need to enter units if you want them with theauto-generated values. You can use the procedureon the preceding page for a color scale legend butyou get only two labels. These labels are theunadjusted highest and lowest cell values. Somecontrols for additional labels are provided on theLegend panel of the Raster Layer Controls.

If you change theorder of thesevalues to 1376–1045, you will getthe highest valuesat the top of thelegend.

If you want adifferent label size,font, or color thanyour default for thelegend, click here.

click on [Apply] in theGroup Settings win-dow

page 31

Making Map Layouts

Relative Group ZoomSTEPS select Group 1 and

change its horizontal at-tachment to the Margin[Left to Left] with an Off-set of 0.5"

click on the AddObjects icon, andselect the BLOWUPOUTLINE

object from the CB_ELEV

Project File

click on the Add 2DGroup to Layouticon (Display Manager)

click on the AddObjects icon andselect the DEM_16BIT andTIN_16LITE objects in theCB_ELEV Project File

open the layer controlsfor DEM_16BIT, set thecontrast to Normalizeand check that theColorMap is selected

make Group 2* the activegroup, on the Group Set-tings Projection/Clippingpanel set Auto-Match toNone, the Projection andCoordinates to Latitude /Longitude**, the clippingrange to N 42 37 30 to N42 39 00 and the Longi-tude range to W 103 1630 to W 103 15 00

set the Horizontal Attach-ment to Margin [Right toRight] with an Offset of0.2" and the Vertical at-tachment to Group 1[Top to Center] with anOffset of -0.6 "

enter 40000 in the GroupScale field

click on [Refresh] then onthe Save Displayicon and create anew layout object

We are going to modify the layout just created to adda group that enlarges a portion of the raster alreadyincluded. The Relative Zoom field in the GroupSettings window should be used only to achieve thiskind of effect or when mixing groups with andwithout georeferencing. The At Scale field in thelower right of the Group Settings window sets themap scale for relative sizing and printing. The mapscale for printing can also be set in Page Setup.

You alter the group zoom when the Placement toolis active if you use any resizing functions with theRelative Zoom Lock button off. Any scale bars inthe layout then do not accurately portray the grounddistance of objects in groups with a Relative Zoomother than 1.0 unless the Relative Zoom of the scalebar group has been changed to match.

Note that the TIN object in Group 2 is being dis-played directly as contours rather than as the moretraditional triangles.You may want toopen the layer con-trols for this object tosee the settings used.

* The legend groupis automaticallynamed the sameas the legendobject, so the thirdgroup added isnamed Group 2.

** Expand the Globaland Regional group,then Geographic, andselect Geographic2D: longitude, latitude(degrees)

You may have to make some offsetand scale changes depending onyour paper size.

page 32

Making Map Layouts

Scale Bars for Different Map ScalesSTEPS

click on the AddScale Bar icon

change the Length to 4miles

check that the At Scalesetting is 80000 (BarWidth should still be 0.08"and Text Size 7 Points)

click on [Text Style] tocheck that the font is setas before

in the Group Settingswindow, set the Hori-zontal Attachment ToGroup 1 [Center toCenter] and VerticalAttachment to Group 1[Top to Bottom] with aSpacing of 0.15"

click on the AddScale Bar icon

change the Length to 1.0

change the At Scale fieldto 40000

click on [Text Style] andchange the At Scale se-lection to User-Defined(40000)

in the Group Settingswindow, set the Hori-zontal Attachment ToGroup 2 [Center toCenter] and VerticalAttachment to Group 2[Top to Bottom] with aSpacingof 0.15"

set the Relative Zoom to2.0 (DO NOT change theAt Scale setting here)

click on the Redrawicon

click on the SaveDisplay icon

print the layout if desired

When you have groups at different map scales on thesame page, it is nice to provide a scale bar for eachand perhaps text that identifies the map scale.

The area that is enlarged in this layout is identifiedwith a box outline positioned in the larger image.Here it was added as a CAD object, but it can also becreated in the Display process using the Sketch tool.Lines connecting the upper left and lower rightcorners of the box and its enlargement can also beadded with the Sketch tool. Such cross-group con-

nections in layoutswork best when thegroups are attached tothe page or margin sotheir position does notshift when group ex-tents are redefined by

the addition of the sketch layer. (A sketch layer isadded to the active group and obtains its georefer-ence from that group.)

Just as you don’t want to change a group’s RelativeZoom unless you specifically intend to have groupsat different scales on a page, you don’t want tochange the values in the Height and Width fields in

the Group Settings win-dow. Changing thesefields also changes theRelative Zoom.

You could easilyinclude text groups toprovide the map scaleof the two images(“Scale = 1:80000” forGroup 1 and “Scale =1:40000” for Group 2).

page 33

Making Map Layouts

Advanced Text FeaturesThe TNT products give you complete control overthe text styles that appear in your legends and layout.You can adjust the boldness, italic angle, enhancedthickness, stroke width (outline text and underline),underline offset, shadow offset, and shadow angle.The two angle settings are expressed in degrees andall other settings as a percentage of the ascenderheight. Using a percentage of the height keeps theweight of the text constant as you zoom in and out orchange point size (provides scalability).

With Word Wrap turnedon, the text flows to thenext line in the Text LayerControls window. Thetext flow will be differentthan the way the text flowson the page unless thewindow width is the sameas the block width. Whentext is drawn at the blockwidth specified in the layout, word wrap has to pickthe best place to break a line regardless of the textalignment chosen. Using word wrap means you needto use the <return> or <enter> key only at the end ofa paragraph. Word wrap will break a line at a space,tab, or hyphen. You can manually insert a hyphen ifyou think it would improve the appearance of a line.Generally, you do not want to turn on Word Wrap forsingle lines of text, such as headings, because theymay inadvertently wrap onto a second line.

All of the text settings and advanced options applyequally to selected text in text layers and legend textexcept that word wrap is always on in multi-objectlegends and the block width is not defined by a field,but by the position of a vertical guide.

STEPS

open the layout youworked with on p.26–28

click on the Text icon forthe SE Harlan, SW group

highlight the text andchange the style toEnhanced, changethe Foreground Colorto yellow and the Back-ground Color to blue,click [OK], and redraw

note the appearance andwidth of the text, repeatstep 2, highlight the text,click on the Text Styleicon then on [AdvancedSettings], change theEnhanced Thickness to10%, click [OK], redraw,and note the text’s ap-pearance and width

repeat steps 2–4 and tryother text style modifica-tions so you understandwhat the advanced op-tions do

Note: Changes you makein the Advanced Optionswindow are retained for thenext time you add a textlayer. The Clip Distanceoption applies to vectorswith labeled elements thathave the “clip under“ optionturned on. If you want toreturn to the initial defaultvalues, they are shown inthe window above.

For information on all the text styles shown below, see the color plate entitled AdvancedText Features available from MicroImages’ web site or installed on your computer.

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Making Map Layouts

Using the Character Map FeatureYou can insert special characters from any font youhave installed on your machine. You may know theinput entry codes to type directly from the keyboardfor some of these characters, but the TNT products

provide a graphical interfacefor you to select and insert allspecial characters in the cur-rently selected font. The Char-acter Map window also pro-vides the input entry code forthese characters so that you

can learn them and type them directly from thekeyboard if used often.

You can also use the Charac-ter Map to assist with textentry when editing databasefields. Your selected inter-face font is used for text indatabase fields. Change yourinterface font if you need

characters that are not in the current interface font(Tools/System/Fonts).

The Character Map window can remain open forinsertion of additional special characters in the sametext layer or database table. Simply continue enter-

ing text and use the Character Map window toinsert glyphs as needed. For direct keyboardentry of unusual glyphs, press F2 followed bythe input entry code shown in the third columnof the Character Map window and press F2again.

Unicodevalue

glyph inselectedfont

inputentrycode

name ofglyph

Vocabulary: Glyph is ageneric word that encom-passes both alphanumericand symbolic characters.

All of the text above was directly entered orselected and inserted from the Character Mapwindow with Arial as the selected font.

STEPS

click on Newand chooseDisplay Layout

click on theAdd Text icon

right-click over thetext entry area andchoose Character Map

scroll through the avail-able glyphs anddouble-click onany you wouldlike to insert

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Making Map Layouts

Other Legend TypesMap grids and text are saved as a part of the layoutobject so when you do a Save As and create a newlayout object, the original is not affected by changesto text and map grids in the new layout. Legends,except for multi-object legends, cannot be alteredin one layout and maintained in their original formin another because changes are saved to the legendobject rather than as part of the layout object.

The legends not yet discussed in this booklet arecolor sample, color scale ranges (available only inView window legends and as part of a multi-object

Color SampleLegend Display Controls

Feature Map with defaultColor Sample legend

legend), and separate point and polygon legends.The controls for all of these legend types are nearlythe same as those already described. Colorsample legends are intended for raster ob-jects that contain categorical data,such as Feature Mapping results.You get a legend entry for eachactive entry in the color map, which isidentified by default by its cell value. Thenumber of cells that have this value is also providedin parentheses on the same line as the color sampleand cell value. You can of course edit these entries Point Legendto replace the cell value with the class nameor to convert the number of cells to groundarea. Color scale range legends are a crossbetween continuous color scale and colorsample legends. You specify the number ofsamples you want and discrete samples areprovided to represent a range of values. De-sign elements for raster legends as part of amulti-object legend are found on the Legendpanel of the Raster Layer Controls.

Like line legends, point and polygon legendsuse a style object to derive the samples andtheir labels. You can edit the default labels soyou can include spaces and punctuation ifdesired.

Polygon Legend

water

airport

mountain peak

tower

campground

hospital

jail

lookout tower

school

church

marina

penitentiary

train station

bus terminal

seaplane anchor

reservoir (intrm)

golf course

Natl forest/park

state/local park

federal land

sea/ocean

gravel pit (water)

glacier

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Making Map Layouts

click on Open Dis-play*, and selectQUAKEHAZ in CADSNAP.RVC

open the LIQSUSCEPTCLASS

table in the polygon data-base of of the QUAKEHAZ /LIQMAP layer in Group 1

right click on Descriptionfield heading andchoose Hide Column

choose Table / SaveAs, set the options asshown at the right, andclick [OK]

create a new objectnamed LIQUEF, changethe font for all threestyles to Courier oranother monospacedfont, and check bold forthe heading style only

click on the Polygonicon and set the solidfill color for BkgndEvenand BkgndOdd to white

click on the Line icon,set the HORZ_RULE color towhite, then click [OK]

open the LANDSLIDESUSCEP

table in the polygon data-base of the QUAKEHAZ /LANSLMAP layer in Group 1

right click on the Slopeand Landslides fieldheadings and chooseHide Column

choose Table / Save Asand repeat steps 4–7except name the CADobject LANDSLIDE

click on the Add Objectsicon for Group 2 andchoose LIQUEF

click on the Add Objectsicon for Group 3 andchoose LANDSLIDE createdin step 10, then redraw

CAD Snapshots of Database TablesTabular database information can be included inlayouts in the form of CAD snapshots. You can makethese snapshots in the Database Editor, while dis-playing the associated object alone, or while build-ing the layout. This snapshot can include all of atable’s fields or selected fields can be hidden and notincluded. A CAD snapshot is not georeferenced, so

it needs to be placed in a separategroup with an adjustedrelative scale. Groupswith appropriate rela-tive scale have alreadybeen created for you inthis exercise.

The headings that ap-pear over the CAD snapshots once added to yourlayout are not visible in the initial layout becausethey are attached to empty groups, namely the groupsthat you add the snapshots to.

*This exercise cannot be completed in TNTmips Freeor Basic.

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Making Map Layouts

Other Legends from Database TablesSTEPS

click on the Newicon and choooseDisplay Layout

click on Add Objects,and select the vectorobject in the SchoolsProject File

expand the SchoolPoints layer in the Dis-play Manager

expand the points andopen the FOR_LEGEND table

choose Table / Save As,change the Format toTab Delimited, click OKand name the fileSchoolPoints

click on the AddText icon, set theText Alignment to Left,Ascender Height to 8points, Vertical Space to9.6 points, ForegroundColor to black, and turnon the Normal toggle

click on the Openicon, choose OpenText File, and selectSchoolPoints.txt

type Public Schools and<enter>, then highlightthe typed text and turnon Bold

click [OK] then [Yes]

attach the SchoolPointstext group to Group 1Left to Right with a Spac-ing of 0.5" and Top toTop, set At Scale to80000 and Redraw

Virtual (computed and string expression) fields area powerful tool for many different applications. Inthis exercise, you are given a vector object that hasa database table with an implied one-to-one attach-ment type and a single, computed field. Without anydata entry, except the expression for the virtual field,you get a unique record associated with each elementthat supplies the information specified in the expres-sion. You should look at the expression for thisvirtual field.

The expression combines the values from three fieldsin other tables with the formatting codes needed toget right aligned numbers that correspond to thenumbers on the symbols and left aligned schoolnames. You do not normally include formattingcodes in a virtual field because they do not affect thedatabase display. However, the intent was for thistable to provide a legend so the formatting may aswell be generated by the expression rather thaninserted one line at a time later. Note that the numbersare not part of the sym-bols—they are on-the-fly labels generated byattribute.

This exercise cannot becompleted in TNTmipsFree or Basic.

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Making Map Layouts

Hinting and Antialiasing Geometric LinesAliasing is the stairstep effect in lines drawn digi-tally using a fixed, uniform color and intensity.Antialiasing removes or reduces the jagged effect.TNTmips accomplishes antialiasing using transpar-ency to provide a smoother appearance for lines.Antialiasing is applied to any line that has a widthof less than 1.5 pixels at the scale being drawn. Theillustrations below were captured either from theView window or from a magnifier utility.

Hinting uses transparency to represent lines thatwould be less than one pixel at the current scale.Unlike antialiasing, which uses transparency tosmooth the line where it would appear jagged, hint-ing applies to the line as a whole. The degree oftransparency is proportional to how much less thanone pixel the line width would be at the scale drawn.Hinting and antialiasing can be turned on and offindependently for each View or for all newly openedViews.

Hinting and antialiasing can be applied to all geo-metric object types. In this exercise they are appliedto a TIN object being drawn as elevation contours.

aliasedView capture

aliasedmagnified

antialiasedView capture

antialiasedmagnified

hinting/antialiasing on hinting off, antialiasing on hinting/antialiasing off

STEPS

click on the Newicon and select 2DDisplay

select TIN_16LITE from theCB_ELEV Project File

click on the LayerControls icon, thenon the Contours tab

click on the Style buttonfor Interval 1

set the Width to 1.3Screen Pixels

zoom up on the lowerright to a map scale of1:10000

open the TIN Layer Con-trols and, on the Objecttabbed panel, experimentwith the Antialias andHint thin line widths op-tions turned on and off,redrawing each time youclose the TIN LayerControls

note the differences

choose Display/Close

page 39

Making Map Layouts

Using Map Layouts in PresentationsWhen preparing a layout for printing and for use ina presentation by projector (either directly in TNT-mips or from a presentation software package, suchas PowerPoint), new considerations come into play.White is generally not used as a presentation back-ground color, but it is the background color for PageLayout. You do not want a black background either,or the text will “disappear.” The methods used in thisexercise presume that screen capture provides highenough resolution for your presentation purposes. Ifnot, there are a number of other strategies* to makepresentation materials but the TNTmips Free sizelimits are applied to your exports.

The small text groups are deleted from the layout toillustrate you need not keep all groups of the originalmap for the screen capture. There is relatively littlework to change this layout from hardcopy to displaywith appropriate attachments because, starting onpage 12, specific attachments are made to Group 1rather than the default Page attachment. You choosethe Select tool in the next to last step so the placementrectangles are not visible for screen capture.

STEPS

click on the Openicon, and select the St.Marys layout (p. 25)

click on the LayoutPlacement icon onthe View window toolbarthen on the name of thelegend group to select it

change the HorizontalAttachment to the kmgroup Center to Centerand the Vertical Attach-ment to the km groupTop to Bottom with aspacing of about 0.2"

delete the text groups inthe lower left (NontidalWet...) and lower right(This image w...) of thelayout

change the heading textgroup to attach verticallyto Group 1, Bottom toTop with 0.2" spacing

choose Settings fromthe Display menu in theDisplay Manager win-dow, set the LayoutMode to Display andclick [OK]

click on the Legendicon for the legendgroup, click on [Colors]near the bottom, and turnon the Transparenttoggle to the right of thebackground color, thenclick [OK] in the ColorEditor and Legend LayerControls

click on Full and onthe Select tool

capture the screen*

* If you needdetails on screencapture and otherstrategies see theSharing Geodatawith OtherPopular Productsbooklet.

change themode here

page 40

Making Map Layouts

Printing to Files and Network PrintersTNTmips provides many different methods to printlayouts. You can print immediately creating only atemporary raster, you can print to a raster object (4-bit dithered or 24-bit without dithering), or you canprint to a print-file (no printfiles or 24-bit unditheredin TNTmips Free). You need not have the layoutopen in a display process to print; printing fromlayouts, print rasters, and printfiles is available usingthe Main / Print From menu options, which use thesaved objects or files without opening a View win-dow. Print-rasters and print-files are more conve-nient than layouts when printing from a machineother than the one on which the layout was createdbecause once you have a print-raster or print-file, theinput objects are no longer necessary. (Almostinvariably, some component of the layout is over-looked or placed in a file with a different name whenthe layout is copied.)

Print-raster objects can be viewed like any otherraster object in TNTmips (but not in TNTmips Free,the print raster for an 8.5 x 11" page at 300 dots perinch is 2550 x 3300 cells). A print-file is notviewable; it contains the information required bythe printer to print the page. A print-file is actually

a pair of files, both with the name you assigned butone has a .p1 extension (large file) and the other hasa .prf extension (small file). When printing fromTNTmips Pro, but not from TNTmips Free, you canprint over multiple pages, which gives you .p1, .p2,and so on, where the number corresponds to the pagenumber. There is still just one .prf file. Printfiles canbe printed on machines without TNTmips installedby copying them to the printer port (see p. 8 of thePrinting booklet for explicit instructions).

You can also print to any network printer availablewhen you print from TNTmips. If running Windowsor on a Mac, you have the option of letting Windows/Mac OS X or TNTmips do the dithering. You shouldtry both to see if you have a preference.

STEPS if you have access to

Windows printers, clickon the Open icon,and select anyhardcopy layout de-signed for A (8.5" x 11")or A4 sized paper

choose Display/Print inthe Display Manager

click on the Use Win-dows Printer button

click on the Ditheringtab, and check that “LetTNT do the dithering” isselected

click [Print], and collectyour print once the Printprocess is finished

choose Layout / Print,click on the Dithering taband choose “Let the Win-dows printer driver do thedithering and colormatching”

click on [Run], collectyour print when done,and compare

Note: the temporary rasterfor printing with theWindows driver requires sixtimes the drive spaceneeded by TNT (24-bitversus 4-bit).

page 41

Making Map Layouts

3D and Transparency in LayoutsYou can make use of both 2D and 3D groups whendesigning layouts for display or hardcopy. Anelastic box is provided with the 3D Viewpoint Selec-tion window that opens when the Viewpoint Con-trols are opened so you can select the area of the 3Dview to include in the layout. You also have all the3D Viewpoint controls that you use when workingwith a separate 3D group.

Transparency can be used with any layer type. Oncetransparency is set for viewing, there are no addi-tional settings to get the transparency effects toprint. Transparency is set for vector, CAD, and TINlayers as part of the polygon drawing style. Trans-parency can be set for rasters in a variety of ways.You can assign a percentage transparency to indi-vidual color map values; you can assign a percent-age transparency to the raster as a whole (Optionspanel of the Raster Layer Controls); or you canselect an 8-bit mask that provides transparencyvalues for the raster displayed (0 is fully transparent,255 is opaque).

withouttransparency

without 3D

STEPS

click on Open, andselect TRANSPARENT 3D

from the CB_ELEV ProjectFile

click on the LayerControls icon for theCOMPOSITE layer in Group1

click on [Mask], selectDEM_16BIT from theCB_ELEV Project File, turnon the Mask toggle, clickOK, then redraw

repeat step 3, turn offthe Mask toggle, click onthe Options tab, enter 70in the Transparencyfield, click [OK], and re-draw

note the difference intransparency betweensteps 3 and 4

print after step 3 or 4 toconfirm that transpar-ency is used in printing

page 42

Making Map Layouts

More on 3D Groups in LayoutsSTEPS

with the layout still openfrom the previous exer-cise, set the transpar-ency for the layer inGroup 1 back to 0%

right-click on Group 2and choose RemoveGroup from the menu

choose Add/SavedGroup in the DisplayManager, and select_3DGROUP from theCB_ELEV Project File, andclick [OK]

click on Yes whenprompted to insert groupas 3D

right-click on the 3DGroup icon and chooseViewpoint Controls

note the features of the3D Viewpoint Controlswindow

left-click on the 3DGroup icon to open theGroup Settings window

click on the Layout taband attach the 3D groupto the bottom right ofGroup 1 (Horizontal At-tachment: Right to Right,Vertical Attachment: Bot-tom to Bottom)

click on Redraw

3D groups in layouts have an associated 3D View-point Selection window in addition to the View-point Controls. This window lets you choose whichpart of the 3D rendering you want to include in thelayout and also has an Apply Changes button toindicate you are ready to update the changes madein viewpoint and/or area selected to the 3D group inthe layout.

You can add a new 3D group to a layout and set upthe viewpoint and selected area, or you can add apreviously saved 3D group to a layout. You can alsosave a 3D group that you have set up in a layout andthe selected area, as well as the viewpoint, will beretained, as it is for the 3D group you add in thisexercise.

You can resize and reposition the existing box ordraw a new box in the 3D Viewpoint Selectionwindow. The box functions like any other elasticbox in theTNT prod-ucts.

The combination of3D and transparencyin the group added,give the butte a morerugged appearancewhile blending wellwith the 2D image.

page 43

Making Map Layouts

Map Grids in 3D GroupsSTEPS

with the layout still openfrom the previous exer-cise, right-click onGroup 1 and chooseRemove Group from themenu, then click [Yes]

left-click on theLayer Controlsicon for the surface layerand change the ErrorTolerance to 0.5

right-click on the remain-ing group name andchoose Viewpoint Con-trols

expand the selection boxto include the entire 3Dgroup

click on the AddMap Grid icon

set the same map gridsettings as on p. 6

experiment with the dif-ferent options on the 3Dtabbed panel

on the Labels panel,check that the Show in3D options are checked

You can have map grids in 3D as well as 2D groups.There are additional controls for 3D map grids. Theseinclude which vertical axes to show, where to posi-tion the neatline, and whether to include vertical tickmarks. Map grids, like scale bars and text, are storedas part of the layout not as a separate object.

All of the settings that are unique for 3D groupsappear an the 3D tabbed panel of the Map Grid LayerControls, which is present only if you are adding amap grid to a 3D group. Your options for vertical axesare None, Farthest, Farthest Two, Farthest Three, andAll. The values displayed on the vertical axes reflectthe cell values and are not scaled. Here the cell valuesare 1 to 255. The labels at 100 meter intervals wouldbe 1 to 301. You can change either end of the Z Rangeon the Extents panel of the Map Grid Layer Controlsif the Lock to group extents toggle is not on. Thereare settings that pertain to Z values on all panels ofthis window except the Graphics panel.

The default 3D neatline outlines the edge of thesurface. To get a good fit between the drape layer andthe neatline you need to decrease the error toleranceof the surface layer, which means the group will takelonger to render. You can vary this setting to see itseffects.

This rendering ofa 3D group with mapgrid shows all fourvertical axes and the ShowNeatline Below toggle on.

Additional 3D options are set on the 3D tab of theRaster Layer Controls for the drape layer.

For more information on 3D ViewControls see the 3D PerspectiveVisualization booklet.

page 44

Making Map Layouts

Attach Groups by GeoreferenceGeographic attachment of groups uses georeferenceinformation to provide exact geographic overlay ofthe layers in separate groups. Using georeferenceinformation as a means of establishing group posi-tion lets you organize the components of your lay-out. You can organize layouts with many layers intological groups, such as parcel maps, wetlands, his-toric sites, and watersheds.

This type of organization makes it easy to locateparticular layers if you have tens or hundreds in alayout. It also makes it easier for users that are notvery familiar with your geodata, such as clientsviewing your data in TNTatlas, to selectively turnlayers on/off for viewing a whole group at a time orto locate individual layers within these groups.

Separate groups and layers can be turned on/offindividually for viewing and/or printing. A right-click on the Show/Hide box reveals a menu with asmany show/hide options as appropriate for yourcurrent display. Thus, you can use the same layoutto print maps that present different themes deter-mined by your current needs.

only appearsfor hardcopylayouts

only showsif View-in-View tool isactive

additionalviews arelisted if open

turns on/offin Locator

The visibility choices arethe same for layers as forgroups. The check markwill be dimmed if any Viewor the Hardcopy option isturned off.

Right-click onthe Show/Hidecheckbox toopen this menu.

Note: once a group isattached geographically toanother group eitherhorizontally or vertically, it isautomatically geographicallyattached to the same groupin the other dimension.

STEPS

open the layoutsaved on p.8

click on the Settingsicon for Group 2

click on the Layout tab,then on [To] for Horizon-tal Attachment, and se-lect Group 1

set the option menu toGeographic, redraw, andnote the difference

The layout used for thisexercise is not a likelycandidate for geographicattachment, but demonstrates the mechanics. The example illustrated has 24 groups,one of which has more than 100 layers. All of the groups in this layout are geographi-cally attached to the bottom group.

This layoutwasdevelopedby theMarylandDepart-ment ofNaturalResources(MDNR)as part oftheMERLIN(Maryland’sEnviron-mentalResources& LandInformationNetwork)program.

page 45

Making Map Layouts

Map Scale-Controlled VisibilityMap scale-controlled visibility lets you set whichgroups, layers, and/or geometric elements are visibleat any map scale. When geometric features are denseat full view, there is no point in displaying them untilyou reach a map scale at which they are well resolved.Your raster imagery may not be of sufficient resolu-tion for display at the larger map scales where geo-metric display is appropriate (i.e., one raster cell mayoccupy many screen pixels). Remember that mapscale is expressed as a ratio such that a map scale of1:200 is a larger map scale than 1:100,000. The firsttime a geometric object is displayed, TNT’s displayprocess will warn you and suggest an initial mapscale if the elements are too dense for reasonabledisplay at full view.

The map scale ranges set for viewing are also used forprinting. The group/layer/element must be visible atthe layout scale set for printing for it to be printed.Thus, you could print maps with different layersshown from the same layout by changing only thelayout scale and perhaps repositioning the layout onthe page.

For more information on map scale-controlled vis-ibility, see the Working with Massive Geo-data Objects tutorial booklet and the Layersin View Controlled by Scale and Elements inView Controlled by Scale Quick Guides.

STEPS

open the layout in theMapScale Project File

zoom in and out andwatch layers come andgo

right-click on the layoutname and choose SetScale Ranges

notice which layers havemap scale-controlledvisibility

map scale 1:10,000,000 map scale 1:200,000

The need for map scale-controlled visibility is difficultto demonstrate in TNTmipsFree-sized data sets. Thelayers in the layout usedhere were extracted fromdata sets with globalextents. The vector-containing groups aregeographically attached tothe image group.

Keep this layout open forthe next exercise.

page 46

Making Map Layouts

Rendering Displays to Various FormatsIn addition to hardcopy output, you can render agroup or layout to a raster object in a variety offormats, a KML (or KMZ) file, an SVG file, or a PDFfile. The raster formats supported are RVC, JP2,GeoJP2, GeoTIFF, TIFF, JPEG, and PNG. All of theseoutput types are georeferenced either internally orwith an accompanying world file.

Render to Raster creates a single 16- or 24-bit com-posite color raster from all of the layers in your groupor layout. You can set the raster size by number ofrows and columns or by entering the cell size.

You get layer controls with KML, SVG, and PDF fileseither automatically or optionally. The additionalcontrols provided depend on the output formatselected. When rendering to KML, you have theoption to open the result in Google Earth. With PDFfiles you can choose to open the result in your defaultAcrobat product.

STEPS

with the layout open fromthe previous exerciseopen, choose Display/Render to/KML

on the Options tabbedpanel, set the Extents toEntire Display and turnon the Show result inGoogle Earth and Com-press to KMZ toggles

on the Raster Controlstab, set the cell size to500 meters

click on the GeometricControls tab and set theCoordinate Accuracy to100 meters

This exercise assumes youhave Google Earth installed.If not, download and installit. You also must beconnected to the Internet tosee the results.

page 47

Making Map Layouts

In Summary and DetailThink carefully before deleting groups in a layout.Have you established any attachments? Are yougoing to want some other layer in that position? If so,delete the unwanted layer(s), not the group.

If a layout is destined for reuse, pay attention to therelative scale settings. If you plan to print the samelayout on a variety of paper sizes, set the scale for textand legends relative to a specified map scale for bestresults. If you want to use the same layout butreplace the main image with another at a differentmap scale, set the scale relative to the design scale.

Attach groups to the page if you want them to becentered. Attach groups to the margins if you wantthem to remain in a fixed position on or near one ofthe margins. Attach groups to other groups if youwant them to move together.

Non-printer DestinationsIn addition to directly printing your hardcopy lay-outs, there are a number of other choices for printers.One is to print to a TNTmips or Windows printfile,which can be printed from a computer not runningTNTmips (see the Printing tutorial booklet for moreinformation). You can also convert your layouts toa number of familiar file formats, such as TIFF, EPS(for Adobe Illustrator), PDF, and SVG. You get morecontrols using the render-to options discussed in theprevious exercise for the supported formats (all butEPS), which is the recommended approach. Youcannot print to these file types from TNTmips Free.

Sketch layers are added to the active group andderive their georeference from that group. Asketch that extends beyond the other layers in agroup changes the group extents. All of thesketched lines in the partial layout shown at rightare in the same group as the large database table.The table didn’t move when the sketch was drawnbecause it is attached to the left and bottommargins.

The partial layout aboveconsists of a variety ofscreen captures tiedtogether with a sketch layerand annotation text.

MicroImages, Inc. publishes a complete line of professional software for advancedgeospatial data visualization, analysis, and publishing. Contact us or visit our website for detailed product information.TNTmips Pro TNTmips Pro is a professional system for fully integrated GIS, image

analysis, CAD, TIN, desktop cartography, and geospatial database management.

TNTmips Basic TNTmips Free is a low-cost version of TNTmips for small projects.

TNTmips Free TNTmips Free is a free version of TNTmips for students and professionalswith small projects. You can download TNTmips Free from MicroImages’ web site.

TNTedit TNTedit provides interactive tools to create, georeference, and edit vector, image,CAD, TIN, and relational database project materials in a wide variety of formats.

TNTview TNTview has the same powerful display features as TNTmips and is perfect forthose who do not need the technical processing and preparation features of TNTmips.

TNTatlas TNTatlas lets you publish and distribute your spatial project materials on CD orDVD at low cost. TNTatlas CDs/DVDs can be used on any popular computing platform.

TNTserver TNTserver lets you publish TNTatlases on the Internet or on your intranet. Navigatethrough geodata atlases with your web browser and the TNTclient Java applet.

Advanced Software for Geospatial Analysis

LAYOUTS

email: info@microimages.comInternet: www.microimages.com

Index3D groups in layouts ....................... 41–43absolute size ....................................... 9, 10add mixed layer types ..................... 10, 31add multiple groups ................................. 4CAD snapshots of database tables ........ 3 6color scale legends ................................. 30design scale ............................................... 9display scale .............................................. 9dither patterns ........................................... 7geographic attachment .................... 44–45group

clipping ........................................ 18–19mattes ................................................... 28placement .......................... 4, 13–18, 44projection .............................................. 5

heading text ............................................. 12horizontal attachment ..................... 15, 16layouts for presentations ........................ 39legends ................................ 17, 25–30, 35line legends ...................................... 17, 25logos in layouts ....................................... 1 6map grids ........................................ 6, 8, 11

map scale-controlled visibility .............. 45map series ......................................... 21–24multi-object legends ........................ 26–27Placement tool .......................... 13–18, 20point legends ............................. 26–27, 35polygon legends ....................... 26–27, 35printing to files ................................ 40, 47printing ............................................... 7, 40raster rotation ............................................ 5relative size ................................................ 9relative zoom lock .................................. 3 1saving layouts .................................. 15, 18scale bars ................................... 14, 15, 32screen capture ......................................... 39special characters .................................... 34templates ........................................... 23–24text groups ................... 12, 17, 18, 33–34TIN contours ........................................... 3 1transparency ..................................... 41–42turn layers/groups off for printing ....... 44ungeoreferenced groups ........................ 16vertical attachment ..................... 4, 15, 16