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BSPB/NIAB DESCRIPTIVELIST FOR FORAGE MAIZE
The MaizeVarietySelectionGuide
2015
ContentsPage 1 The LG Maturity Group Selector
Page 2 - 3 Using the LG Scattergrams and NIAB Data Tables
Page 4 - 10 Less Favourable sites data for DM yield, starch & ME
Page 11 Varieties for growing under plastic
Page 12 - 18 Favourable sites data for DM yield, starch & ME
Page 19 Varieties for crimping or grain maize
Page 20 - 21 Varieties for anaerobic digestion (AD)
Choosing the right maize variety BSPB/NIAB Maize Descriptive List Trial SitesWith well over 60 maize varieties available in the marketplace, thechoice can sometimes be overwhelming.So which varieties are going to be right for you? It depends on a number of factors: yourlocation – whether a favourable growing area or not, the field conditions, growing system,and also, how soon you expect to harvest the crop.
Maize crops need to reach maturity in time for harvest if their full energypotential is to be obtained. To help you focus on the varieties of asuitable early maturity for a given growing area and sowingdate, Limagrain UK has developed its own MaturityGroupings, dividing varieties into one of three categories- Late, Early and Very Early (see page 1).
In livestock rations, the proportion of maize fed in theforage component also determines variety choice –i.e. whether starch or ME yield is more important.
To help guide decisions, the forage maize data ispresented in three different ways – ranked forearliness, for starch yield and for metabolisableenergy (ME) yield (see pages 2 and 3).
This Variety Selection Guide includes performancedata on all varieties on the 2015 NIAB DescriptiveList for Forage Maize and the new BSPB/NIABAnaerobic Digestion List. It also includes trial resultsfrom independent and some of Limagrain's own trials.
We hope you will find this Guide useful in helping youmake an informed decision on which maize varieties will bestsuit your growing conditions and end needs.
Lackham (Wiltshire)
Lydney (Gloucs)
Nantwich (Cheshire)
Northallerton (N. Yorks)
Sites used for LessFavourable List only
Sites used for Favourableand Less Favourable
Sites used for FavourableList only
Weymouth (Dorset) Canterbury (Kent)
West Bilney (Norfolk)
Tuxford (Notts)
Bicton (Devon)
1
Ask yourself about the area, aspect and whether sowing in April (the 3 A’s)? This will help you classify your site'slocation, the appropriate NIAB List, latest acceptable harvest data and which LG Maturity Group is right for you (the 4 L’s).
Step 1: The Maturity Group Selector
Semi Continental
South and South East
Climate:
Warmer
Drier
More sunshine
Central England
Marginal
South West & North West EnglandScotland & Wales
Climate:
Cooler
Wetter
Less sunshine
The 4L’s
The 3A’s
Location1
Area?1
List2
LG maturitysegment
4
Aspect?2
Latestharvest
accepted
3
Aprilsowing?
3
Field conditions:Soil type
Light HeavyAltitude
Lower HigherOrientation
South facing North facing
Mainstream
LATE
Now choose a variety from the appropriate NIAB List and LG Maturity Group selected from above using the information provided in STEP 2
14th April 21st April 28th April 5th May 12th May
VERY EARLYEARLY
LESS FAVOURABLE SITES DATAFAVOURABLE SITES DATA
Late October Mid October September
2
Having selected the appropriate LG Maturity Group and NIAB List to use from the LG Maturity Group Selector on page 1, the next step is to evaluate the varieties available for the bestagronomic and quality profile for your situation. The tables on the following pages provide detailed data on all the agronomic and quality characters recorded in the official NIAB trials.The scattergrams display the key information and provide easy at-a-glance comparisons between varieties. An explanation of how to use the scattergrams and tables is given below.
Step 2: Using the NIAB Data Tables & Scattergrams
Requires earlyApril sowing on only thebest sites, resulting in alater harvest with:
• High dry matter yield
• Low dry matter content
• Lower starch content
LATE
Usually sown on moremarginal sites in May, resulting in anearlier harvest with:
• Assured 32% dry matter content
• High starch content and yield
• Opportunity to sow an autumn crop
VERY EARLYUsually sownlater in April on goodsites, resulting in an earlyharvest with:
• High dry matter yield
• Very good feeding quality
EARLY
Harvest Window Chart:This provides a guide asto how many days earlieryou can expect yourchosen variety to matureand be ready for harvestbefore the latest varietyavailable on the List
Refer to the NIAB data tablefor information on earliness& yield and then check theagronomic characteristicsof the varieties for:● Early vigour● Standing power● Leaf senescence (disease)● Eyespot rating
Choose a variety withinyour chosen maturitysegment, keeping towardsthe top right hand corner
For maximum dry matter yield
Pages 4 - 10 Pages 12 - 18
The right BSPB/NIAB List?Performance data is listed separately for growing maize at favourable and less favourable sites. Usethe LG Maturity Group Selector on page 1 to choose the right NIAB List for you, then refer to:
The correct LG Maturity Group?Selecting the correct maturity group is vital if your maize is to mature and be ready for harvest atyour preferred date. Use the LG Maturity Group Selector on page 1 to choose the right maturitygroup for you, then refer to the matching maturity group segment on the scattergrams.
LESS FAVOURABLE SITES FAVOURABLE SITESRelative Dry Matter Yield v DM%
BSPB/NIAB Descriptive List for Forage Maize 2015
3
Within your chosenmaturity segment,select varieties ofgood ME yield –those towards thetop of the graph
Refer to the NIAB data table for informationon energy and digestibility data● ME content● ME yield● Cell wall digestibility
For maximum energy yield
Refer to the NIAB data table for information on starch● Starch content● Starch yield t/ha● Relative starch yield %
For maximum starch yield
Within your chosenmaturity segment,choose a variety -keeping towards the topright hand corner
Relative Starch Yield v DM%BSPB/NIAB Descriptive List for Forage Maize 2015
ME Yield v DM%BSPB/NIAB Descriptive List for Forage Maize 2015
LESS
FAV
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Relative Dry Matter Yield v DM%BSPB/NIAB Descriptive List for Forage Maize 2015
First Choice
(red text)LG Varieties
Second Choice
L AT E E A R LY V E R Y E A R LY
4
Maturity Class
# Days earlier toharvest
0
8 9 10 124 5 6 7 11 13
8 16 24 32 36
5
LESS
FAV
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E SI
TES
Relative Dry Matter Yield and Agronomic Characteristics BSPB/NIAB Descriptive List for Forage Maize 2015
MATURITY
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YIELD DATA AGRONOMIC DATA
VARIETY MATURITY # DAYS DM% DM YIELD REL DM EARLY STANDING LEAF EYESPOT YEARCLASS EARLIER TO (at harvest) (t/ha) YIELD VIGOUR (at harvest SENESCENCE RATING LISTED
** HARVEST (%) (9=good, 9=good, (at harvest (9=good,1=poor) 1=poor) 9=good, 1=poor)
1=poor)
KASPIAN 13 36 39.4 15.0 92 7.5 8.1 3.3 5.3 2009
ACTIVATE 11 29 37.2 15.9 98 7.3 8.2 6.1 4.5 2012
RAMIREZ 10 25 36.2 15.8 97 7.6 7.8 5.0 5.2 2013
KENTAURUS 10 25 36.2 15.6 96 7.0 8.2 4.5 5.5 2010
GLORY 10 24 35.8 16.8 104 7.7 8.2 6.1 6.0 2013
SERGIO KWS 9 22 35.3 16.2 100 8.1 8.0 5.2 * 2014
ARCADE 9 20 34.8 16.3 100 7.3 8.3 6.7 4.7 2012
AMBITION 9 19 34.4 17.0 105 7.8 8.2 6.8 6.0 2012
YUKON 9 19 34.4 16.4 101 7.4 8.2 6.2 4.9 2012
SUNLITE 9 19 34.3 16.4 101 7.6 8.3 6.7 * 2014
ES REGAIN 9 19 34.3 16.4 101 7.8 8.3 6.2 3.7 2007
SEVERUS 8 15 33.4 16.9 105 7.8 8.3 6.1 5.1 2013
ADEPT 8 15 33.4 16.5 102 7.4 8.2 6.7 3.4 2008
EXXTENS 8 15 33.4 16.2 100 7.3 8.3 6.6 * 2014
FIELDSTAR 8 15 33.2 17.2 106 7.7 8.2 6.8 6.1 2013
KONTENDER 8 14 33.1 16.5 101 7.2 8.3 6.7 5.9 2011
TRUXX 7 11 32.2 16.3 101 7.1 8.3 6.6 3.5 2013
EMBLEM 7 11 32.0 17.2 106 7.8 8.3 6.6 * 2014
MAS 11F 6 6 30.7 16.8 104 7.4 8.2 7.0 4.5 2013
SALGADO 5 3 29.8 16.9 104 7.3 8.3 6.8 7.7 2007
MATURITYGROUP
LATE
EARL
YV
ERY
EA
RLY
Mean of the Yr 4/5 Varieties 33.5 16.2 100 7.3 8.2 6.1 4.9
New in 2015* Eyespot rating derived from inoculated nurseries rather than field scores** Limagrain Estimation of Maturity Class (Note: NIAB no longer provide figures for maturity class)# Limagrain estimated days earlier to harvest than Ambrosini - the latest variety on the Less Favourable NIAB List.
Yield DataDry matter yieldEarlier varieties ensure crop maturity isreached, but tend to have lower yields thanlater types.
Dry matter content (%)Choosing a variety that can mature to 32%DM by harvest will ensure cob maturity andtotal yield potential is reached.
Figures range from 29% to 40% with theaverage in the 2015 Less Favourable Listbeing 33.5%. The higher the dry mattercontent of a variety, the earlier it will mature.
Agronomic DataEarly vigourA strong, vigorous plant will quickly establisha good root system and develop good leafsurface area to maximise photosynthesis andalso shade out any weeds below.
Standing When sowing maize it is important thatplants will remain standing without havinglodged before harvest.
Leaf senescence A variety should remain green and healthyup to harvest. Only select varieties with ascore above 6.0.Varieties with a lower score may suffer fromFusarium, which causes the plant to ‘die off’early.
Eyespot rating A high score indicates a lower level of diseasesusceptibility. Varieties with a lowersusceptibility may be selected for use in areaswhere the disease is more common.Selecting a variety with the correct yield,quality and earliness for the farm shouldalways take precedence, as fungicide sprayscan be applied in cases of high levels ofinfection.
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Relative Starch Yield v DM%BSPB/NIAB Descriptive List for Forage Maize 2015
6
L AT E E A R LY V E R Y E A R LY
First Choice
(red text)LG Varieties
Second Choice
Maturity Class
# Days earlier toharvest
0
8 9 10 124 5 6 7 11 13
8 16 24 32 36
7
LESS
FAV
OU
RABL
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TES
Relative Starch Yield and Content BSPB/NIAB Descriptive List for Forage Maize 2015
MATURITY
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STARCH DATA
VARIETY MATURITY # DAYS EARLIER DM% STARCH YIELD REL STARCH STARCH % YEAR LISTEDCLASS ** TO HARVEST (at harvest) (t/ha) YIELD % (at harvest)
GLORY 10 24 35.8 5.9 112 35.1 2013
ACTIVATE 11 29 37.2 5.9 112 36.8 2012
RAMIREZ 10 25 36.2 5.6 107 35.6 2013
KASPIAN 13 36 39.4 5.4 103 36.1 2009
KENTAURUS 10 25 36.2 5.4 102 34.5 2010
SUNLITE 9 19 34.3 5.8 111 35.3 2014
SEVERUS 8 15 33.4 5.7 108 33.4 2013
AMBITION 9 19 34.4 5.6 107 33.2 2012
FIELDSTAR 8 15 33.2 5.6 106 32.5 2013
SERGIO KWS 9 22 35.3 5.6 106 34.4 2014
ADEPT 8 15 33.4 5.6 106 33.6 2008
ARCADE 9 20 34.8 5.5 105 34.0 2012
YUKON 9 19 34.4 5.5 105 33.6 2012
KONTENDER 8 14 33.1 5.5 104 33.1 2011
ES REGAIN 9 19 34.3 5.3 101 32.3 2007
EXXTENS 8 15 33.4 5.2 99 32.0 2014
EMBLEM 8 11 32.0 5.8 110 33.6 2014
MAS 11F 6 6 30.7 5.3 102 31.7 2013
TRUXX 7 11 32.2 5.3 102 32.7 2013
SALGADO 5 3 29.8 5.2 98 30.7 2007
MATURITYGROUP
LATE
EARL
YV
ERY
EA
RLY
New in 2015** Limagrain Estimation of Maturity Class (Note: NIAB no longer provide figures for maturity class)# Limagrain estimated days earlier to harvest than Ambrossini - the latest variety on the Less Favourable NIAB List.
Mean of the Yr 4/5 Varieties 33.5 5.3 100 32.4
Starch DataStarch yieldStarch yield is the total quantity of starchproduced per hectare. Varieties areranked by starch yield to see the relativeperformance of different varieties for thischaracteristic.
Starch % at harvestVarieties with a high starch content areespecially important in rations with alower percentage of maize fed (<50%).Maize starch balances the rapidlyavailable energy and higher proteinlevels found in the grass silage.
Why is starch important?Starch is a fundamental component ofmaize silage providing ‘rumenfermentable energy’ which fuels themicrobial population in the rumen. A proportion of starch is also absorbeddirectly by the animal as glucose. Maizestarch is a ‘safer’ source of energy thanfeed ingredients such as cereals, asfermentation rates can be slower,reducing the risk of acidosis.
LESS
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ME Yield v DM%BSPB/NIAB Descriptive List for Forage Maize 2015
L AT E E A R LY V E R Y E A R LY
8
First Choice
(red text)LG Varieties
Second Choice
Maturity Class
# Days earlier toharvest
0
8 9 10 124 5 6 7 11 13
8 16 24 32 36
9
LESS
FAV
OU
RABL
E SI
TES
ME Yield and Cell Wall DigestibilityBSPB/NIAB Descriptive List for Forage Maize 2015
MATURITY
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ENERGY DATA DIGESTIBILITY
VARIETY MATURITY # DAYS EARLIER DM% ME YIELD REL ME ME (MJ/kg CELL WALL YEAR CLASS TO HARVEST (at harvest) (MJ/ha YIELD DM of fresh DIGESTIBILITY † LISTED
** at harvest) (%) plant at harvest)
GLORY 10 24 35.8 191,787 106 11.4 6.7 2013
ACTIVATE 11 29 37.2 186,358 103 11.7 8.2 2012
RAMIREZ 10 25 36.2 181,081 100 11.5 7.1 2013
KENTAURUS 10 25 36.2 176,189 97 11.3 6.1 2010
KASPIAN 13 36 39.4 169,317 93 11.3 5.4 2009
AMBITION 9 19 34.4 192,898 106 11.4 6.8 2012
FIELDSTAR 8 15 33.2 191,672 106 11.2 5.9 2013
SUNLITE 9 19 34.3 190,599 105 11.6 8.7 2014
ADEPT 8 15 33.4 189,800 105 11.5 7.9 2008
SEVERUS 8 15 33.4 189,050 104 11.2 5.3 2013
ARCADE 9 20 34.8 186,634 103 11.5 7.8 2012
EXXTENS 8 15 33.4 184,799 102 11.4 8.3 2014
KONTENDER 8 14 33.1 183,793 101 11.2 5.4 2011
ES REGAIN 9 19 34.3 183,542 101 11.2 6.3 2007
YUKON 9 19 34.4 182,360 100 11.1 4.8 2012
SERGIO KWS 9 22 35.3 182,311 100 11.3 6.5 2014
EMBLEM 7 11 32.0 193,232 106 11.3 6.7 2014
MAS 11F 6 6 30.7 187,827 104 11.2 6.1 2013
SALGADO 5 3 29.8 186,428 103 11.1 5.7 2007
TRUXX 7 11 32.2 186,211 103 11.4 8.2 2013
MATURITYGROUP
New in 2015† Cell Wall Digestibility (%) minus 50** Limagrain Estimation of Maturity Class (Note: NIAB no longer provide figures for maturity class)# Limagrain estimated days earlier to harvest than Ambrosini - the latest variety on the Less Favourable NIAB List.
VER
Y E
ARL
YEA
RLY
LATE
Mean of the Yr 4/5 Varieties 33.5 181,474 100 11.2 6.2
Energy DataME yieldME is most important in rations with ahigh maize silage inclusion rate.Varieties in this table are ranked by ME yield.
ME (MJ/kg)Growers looking to improve feedingperformance and animal outputshould consider the energy value inmega-joules (MJ) of each 1kg of drymatter of silage produced. It is directlyaffected by the starch content andfibre digestibility of the plant.
Digestibility DataCell wall digestibilityFor growers feeding a high level ofmaize in the ration (>60%) it isimportant to consider how muchenergy can be derived from the part ofthe plant that is not starch, i.e. thestover (leaves and stem). The digestibility of the stover isindicated by the cell wall digestibility(CWD) score.
CWD figures are expressed by NIAB asa percentage. However, in thisLimagrain guide, CWD values havebeen converted to a simpler range of4.3 to 8.7, with each increase of 1 unitrepresenting an increase of 1% in cellwall digestibility.
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Second Choice Varieties for Less Favourable Sites BSPB/NIAB Descriptive List for Forage Maize 2015
MATURITY
SECO
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YIELD DATA AGRONOMIC DATA STARCH DATA ENERGY DATA DIGESTIBILITY
VARIETY MATURITY # DAYS DM% DM REL EARLY STANDING LEAF EYESPOT STARCH REL STARCH ME YIELD REL ME CELL WALL YEAREARLIER (at YIELD DM VIGOUR (at harvest SENESCENCE RATING YIELD STARCH % AT (MJ/ha at ME (MJ/kg DM DIGESTIBILITY † LISTED
TO harvest) (t/ha) YIELD (9=good, 9=good (at harvest (9=good (t/ha) YIELD HARVEST harvest) YIELD of freshHARVEST (%) 1=poor) 1=poor) 9=good 1=poor) (%) plant at
1=poor) harvest)
ES ARDENT 10 27 36.6 15.6 96 6.9 8.3 5.4 5.5 5.1 97 32.8 171,448 94 11.0 5.0 2011
KEEN 10 25 36.0 15.1 93 7.4 7.9 4.5 5.3 5.3 101 35.2 172,465 95 11.4 6.6 2013
ACUMEN 9 21 35.0 16.3 100 7.5 7.9 5.7 5.4 5.3 100 32.4 180,558 99 11.1 5.5 2011
BRADLEY 8 18 34.0 15.7 97 7.4 8.2 5.4 * 5.1 97 32.4 174,612 96 11.1 6.0 2014
ES REMINGTON 8 16 33.6 16.5 102 7.7 8.3 6.4 * 5.2 100 31.7 182,308 100 11.1 5.8 2014
KROMWELL 8 14 33.0 16.0 99 6.9 8.2 5.7 4.7 5.2 99 32.4 178,929 99 11.2 5.7 2012
KOUGAR 7 14 32.9 16.8 104 7.4 8.3 6.4 4.8 5.3 101 31.5 185,235 102 11.0 4.8 2010
ES CAPRIS 7 13 32.6 16.3 101 6.9 7.7 7.0 4.7 5.0 96 30.8 179,958 99 11.0 5.7 2011
NK CHEER 7 13 32.6 15.5 96 6.9 8.1 6.4 4.3 4.7 89 30.2 171,238 94 11.0 5.9 2010
BEACON 7 12 32.4 16.4 101 7.6 8.3 6.7 4.7 5.0 95 30.4 183,424 101 11.2 6.9 2007
KATY 6 8 31.3 16.3 101 7.0 8.3 6.0 6.1 4.8 92 29.7 179,952 99 11.0 6.5 2008
ORMEAU 6 7 30.9 16.0 99 6.6 8.1 7.4 5.8 5.1 97 31.9 179,776 99 11.2 6.9 2011
AMBROSINI 4 0 29.0 17.7 109 7.6 8.3 7.3 5.0 4.8 92 27.3 189,366 104 10.7 4.3 2010
MATURITYGROUP
LATE
EARL
YV
ERY
EARL
Y
Mean of the Yr 4/5 Varieties 33.5 16.2 100 7.3 8.2 6.1 4.9 5.3 100 32.4 181,474 100 11.2 6.2
New in 2015* Eyespot rating derived from inoculated nurseries rather than field scores** Limagrain Estimation of Maturity Class (Note: NIAB no longer provide figures for maturity class)# Limagrain estimated days earlier to harvest than Ambrosini - the latest variety on the Less Favourable NIAB List.† Cell Wall Digestibility (%) minus 50
11
Using plastic coverThe ‘under plastic’ system was developed inIreland to enable farmers in the more marginalareas to grow maize successfully. In the UK, it canbe of benefit in advancing crop maturity in verymarginal areas, such as Scotland and areas ofhigh altitude in the south west of England andnorth Wales.
The plastic cover enables sowing to start earlier –at a soil temperature of 6°C, as it creates a‘greenhouse’ effect so maize seeds can germinateand become established during periods of coldtemperatures and frost. In addition, it increasesthe total heat accumulation of the growing crop,and brings forward maturity. This allowsharvesting to take place earlier, and/or allowstime for a follow-on crop to be sown.
AgronomyPlastic cover does add an extra growing cost ofaround £250/hectare. This is partially offset bythe use of a lower seed rate of 100,000 seeds/ha(40,000 seeds/acre).
Good weed control prior to sowing is vital. A pre-emergence herbicide spray is applied at time ofsowing but after this, options are limited due tothe plastic cover.
Variety selection for forage maizegrown under plasticCurrently, the only independent source ofpublished data on how maize varieties performunder plastic is DAFM (Department ofAgriculture, Food and the Marine) in Ireland. Thelater maturing LG variety Award is fullyrecommended by DAFM for use in plasticcovered systems, and provides an improvedquality alternative to Justina.
UK TrialsOver the past five years, Limagrain has been carrying out plastic trials at sites inthe midlands and south west of England and at the SAC in Scotland. Resultsshow that although all varieties can grow through plastic, performance doesvary. Varieties – Ambition, Asgaard, Award, LG30.211 and Yukon have proventhemselves, both in these trials, and also commercially.
Varieties for growing under plastic cover
DM Yield DM Starch Starch ME Content ME Yield(t/ha) (%) Content Yield (MJ/kg DM) (MJ/ha)
(%) (t/ha)
Controls 16.9 36.4 26.1 4.4 11.3 190,970
AWARD 17.2 36.8 27.6 4.7 11.4 196,080
Justina 17.5 33.9 24.2 4.2 11.4 197,750
Tekni 17.1 36.5 25.3 4.3 11.4 194,940
Results from Irish DAFM trials (2011 - 2013)Maize grown under plastic
Limagrain Maize Under Plastic Trials (2010-13)Dry Matter Yield v DM%
DM
YLD
(t/h
a)
DM%
Recommendedvarieties for
growing under plastic
AMBITION
YUKON
ASGAARD
AWARD
LG30.211
EARLY:
LATE:
DAFM - Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine
FAVO
URA
BLE
SITE
S
12
Relative Dry Matter Yield v DM%BSPB/NIAB Descriptive List for Forage Maize 2015
L AT E E A R LY V E R Y E A R LY
First Choice
(red text)LG Varieties
Second Choice
Maturity Class
# Days earlier toharvest
0 35
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
3224168
13
FAVO
URA
BLE
SITE
S
Relative Dry Matter Yield and Agronomic CharacteristicsBSPB/NIAB Descriptive List for Forage Maize 2015
New in 2015* Eyespot rating derived from inoculated
nurseries rather than field scores** Limagrain Estimation of Maturity Class
(Note: NIAB no longer provide figures formaturity class)
# Limagrain estimated days earlier to harvestthan Marco - the latest variety on theFavourable NIAB List.
Yield DataDry matter yieldEarlier maturing varieties help ensure cropmaturity is reached, but tend to have loweryields than later types.Dry matter content (%)Choosing a variety that can mature to 32% DMby harvest, will ensure cob maturity and totalyield potential is reached.NIAB figures range from 29% to 40% with theaverage in the 2015 Favourable List being32.9%. The higher the dry matter content of avariety, the earlier it will mature.
Agronomic DataEarly vigourA strong, vigorous plant will quickly establish agood root system, and develop good leafsurface area to maximise photosynthesis andalso shade out any weeds below.Standing When sowing maize it is important that plantswill remain standing without having lodgedbefore harvest. Leaf senescence A variety should remain green and healthy upto harvest. Only select varieties with a score of6.5 and above.Varieties with a lower score may suffer fromFusarium causing the plant to ‘die off’ early.Eyespot rating A high score indicates a lower level of diseasesusceptibility. Varieties with a lowersusceptibility may be selected for use in areaswhere the disease is more common. Selectinga variety with the correct yield, quality andearliness for the farm should always takeprecedence, as fungicide sprays can be appliedin cases of high levels of infection.
MATURITY
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YIELD DATA AGRONOMIC DATA
MATURITYGROUP
LATE
EARL
YV
ERY
EARL
Y
Mean of the Yr4/5 Varieties 32.9 17.0 100 7.2 8.2 6.8 5.0
VARIETY MATURITY # DAYS DM% DM YIELD REL DM EARLY STANDING LEAF EYESPOT YEARCLASS EARLIER TO (at harvest) (t/ha) YIELD VIGOUR (at harvest SENESCENCE RATING LISTED
** HARVEST (%) (9=good, 9=good, (at harvest (9=low,1=poor) 1=poor) 9=good, 1=high)
1=poor)
KASPIAN 13 35 39.2 15.5 91 7.4 8.2 3.6 5.3 2009ACTIVATE 11 25 36.4 16.4 96 7.2 7.9 6.7 4.5 2012GLORY 10 23 35.9 17.4 102 7.7 8.3 6.7 6.0 2013RAMIREZ 10 23 35.7 16.4 97 7.5 7.9 5.3 5.2 2013SERGIO KWS 9 21 35.1 16.8 99 7.7 8.2 5.4 * 2014ES REMINGTON 9 19 34.7 17.1 101 7.7 8.3 6.5 * 2014AMBITION 9 19 34.6 17.8 105 7.8 8.2 7.1 6.0 2012ARCADE 9 19 34.6 17.0 100 7.2 8.2 7.2 4.7 2012ES REGAIN 9 19 34.5 17.0 100 7.7 8.3 6.3 3.7 2007ACUMEN 9 18 34.3 16.8 99 7.5 7.7 6.6 5.4 2011SUNLITE 9 18 34.2 16.9 100 7.6 8.3 7.0 * 2014YUKON 9 17 34.1 17.2 101 7.5 8.2 7.1 4.9 2012EXXTENS 8 16 33.8 16.6 97 7.2 8.3 7.0 * 2014FIELDSTAR 8 15 33.6 17.6 104 7.6 8.2 7.3 6.1 2013SEVERUS 8 15 33.6 17.5 103 7.8 8.3 6.5 5.1 2013KOUGAR 8 15 33.5 17.6 104 7.3 8.3 6.8 4.8 2010KONTENDER 8 15 33.5 17.0 100 7.3 8.3 7.2 5.9 2011ADEPT 8 14 33.1 17.0 100 7.3 8.3 7.2 3.4 2008TRUXX 8 13 33.0 16.9 99 7.1 8.2 7.0 3.5 2013EMBLEM 8 13 32.8 18.0 106 7.7 8.3 6.9 * 2014MONTY 7 11 32.4 18.2 107 7.2 8.3 7.9 * 2014ASGAARD 7 11 32.3 18.3 108 7.8 8.3 7.5 * 2014BEETHOVEN 7 9 31.8 17.9 105 6.9 8.0 7.2 4.7 2007SALGADO 6 7 31.3 17.7 104 7.2 8.3 7.2 7.7 2007MAS 11F 6 7 31.3 17.6 103 7.4 8.2 7.5 4.5 2013ATRIUM 6 6 31.0 17.9 105 7.4 8.2 7.5 3.0 2010ALFASTAR 6 5 30.6 18.3 108 7.5 8.3 7.7 * 2014NK BULL 5 4 30.3 16.9 99 7.0 8.3 8.1 5.7 2007AMBROSINI 5 4 30.3 18.7 110 7.5 8.3 7.4 5.0 2010DUALTO 5 3 30.1 17.7 104 6.7 8.2 7.7 6.3 2012HOBBIT 5 1 29.6 18.9 111 7.7 8.3 8.1 * 2014MARCO 5 0 29.2 18.0 106 6.5 8.2 8.1 6.5 2012
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Relative Starch Yield v DM%BSPB/NIAB Descriptive List for Forage Maize 2015
L AT E E A R LY V E R Y E A R LY
First Choice
(red text)LG Varieties
Second Choice
Maturity Class
# Days earlier toharvest
0 35
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
3224168
Relative Starch Yield and Content BSPB/NIAB Descriptive List for Forage Maize 2015
MATURITY
FIRS
T CH
OIC
E VA
RIET
IES
- R
AN
KED
BY
STA
RCH
YIE
LD
STARCH DATA
MATURITYGROUP
LATE
EARL
Y
New in 2015** Limagrain Estimation of Maturity Class
(Note: NIAB no longer provide figuresfor maturity class)
# Limagrain estimated days earlier toharvest than Marco - the latest varietyon the Favourable NIAB List.
Mean of the Yr4/5 Varieties 32.9 5.6 100 32.7
Starch DataStarch yieldStarch yield is the total quantity of starchproduced per hectare. Varieties areranked by Starch Yield to see the relativeperformance of different varieties for thischaracteristic.
Starch % at harvestVarieties with a high starch content areespecially important in rations with alower percentage of maize fed (<50%).
Maize starch balances the rapidlyavailable energy and higher proteinlevels found in the grass silage.
Why is starch important?Starch is a fundamental component ofmaize silage providing ‘rumenfermentable energy’ which fuels themicrobial population in the rumen.
A proportion of starch is also absorbeddirectly by the animal as glucose. Maizestarch is a ‘safer’ source of energy thanfeed ingredients such as cereals, asfermentation rates can be slower,reducing the risk of acidosis.
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VARIETY MATURITY # DAYS EARLIER DM% STARCH YIELD REL STARCH STARCH % YEAR LISTEDCLASS ** TO HARVEST (at harvest) (t/ha) YIELD (%) (at harvest)
GLORY 10 23 35.9 6.3 114 36.4 2013ACTIVATE 11 25 36.4 6.1 110 37.3 2012KASPIAN 13 35 39.2 5.8 105 37.6 2009EMBLEM 8 13 32.8 6.4 115 35.6 2014SUNLITE 9 18 34.2 6.2 111 36.4 2014SEVERUS 8 15 33.6 6.1 109 34.8 2013SERGIO KWS 9 21 35.1 6.0 108 35.9 2014AMBITION 9 19 34.6 6.0 108 33.7 2012YUKON 9 17 34.1 6.0 107 34.6 2012FIELDSTAR 8 15 33.6 6.0 107 33.9 2013RAMIREZ 10 23 35.7 6.0 107 36.3 2013ARCADE 9 19 34.6 5.9 107 34.9 2012ADEPT 8 14 33.1 5.9 106 34.5 2008KONTENDER 8 15 33.5 5.8 103 33.8 2011KOUGAR 8 15 33.5 5.7 103 32.5 2010ES REMINGTON 9 19 34.7 5.7 103 33.4 2014ES REGAIN 9 19 34.5 5.7 102 33.4 2007ACUMEN 9 18 34.3 5.6 101 33.4 2011EXXTENS 8 16 33.8 5.6 101 33.9 2014TRUXX 8 13 33.0 5.6 100 33.1 2013ASGAARD 7 11 32.3 5.8 104 31.4 2014ATRIUM 6 6 31.0 5.7 103 32.0 2010MARCO 5 0 29.2 5.7 102 31.4 2012HOBBIT 5 1 29.6 5.6 101 29.8 2014MONTY 7 11 32.4 5.6 101 30.9 2014MAS 11F 6 7 31.3 5.6 101 32.0 2013SALGADO 6 7 31.3 5.6 101 31.8 2007AMBROSINI 5 4 30.3 5.6 101 30.0 2010ALFASTAR 6 5 30.6 5.6 101 30.7 2014NK BULL 5 4 30.3 5.5 98 32.4 2007BEETHOVEN 7 9 31.8 5.5 98 30.5 2007DUALTO 5 3 30.1 5.2 93 29.2 2012
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ME Yield v DM%BSPB/NIAB Descriptive List for Forage Maize 2015
L AT E E A R LY V E R Y E A R LY
First Choice
(red text)LG Varieties
Second Choice
Maturity Class
# Days earlier toharvest
0 35
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
3224168
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ME Yield and Cell Wall DigestibilityBSPB/NIAB Descriptive List for Forage Maize 2015
MATURITY
FIRS
T CH
OIC
E VA
RIET
IES
- RA
NK
ED B
Y M
E YI
ELD
ENERGY DATA DIGESTIBILITY
MATURITYGROUP
New in 2015† Cell Wall Digestibility (%) minus 50** Limagrain Estimation of Maturity Class
(Note: NIAB no longer provide figuresfor maturity class)
# Limagrain estimated days earlier toharvest than Marco - the latest varietyon the Favourable NIAB List.
EARL
YLA
TE
Mean of the Yr 4/5 Varieties 32.9 192,630 100 11.3 7.0
Energy DataME yieldME is most important in rations with highmaize silage inclusion rates. Varieties inthis table are ranked by ME yield.
ME contentGrowers looking to improve feedingperformance and animal output shouldconsider the energy value in mega-joules(MJ) of each 1kg of dry matter of silageproduced. It is directly affected by thestarch content and fibre digestibility ofthe plant.
Digestibility DataCell wall digestibilityFor growers feeding a high level of maizein the ration (>60%) it is important toconsider how much energy can bederived from the part of the plant that isnot starch, i.e. the stover (leaves andstem).
The digestibility of the stover is indicatedby the cell wall digestibility (CWD) score.
CWD figures are expressed by NIAB as apercentage. However, in this Limagrainguide, CWD values have been convertedto a simpler range of 4.8 to 10.5, with eachincrease of 1 unit representing an increaseof 1% in cell wall digestibility.
VER
YEA
RLY
VARIETY MATURITY # DAYS EARLIER DM% ME YIELD REL ME ME CELL WALL YEAR CLASS TO HARVEST (at harvest) (MJ/ha YIELD (MJ/kg of fresh DIGESTIBILITY † LISTED
** at harvest) (%) plant at harvest)
GLORY 10 23 35.9 200,855 104 11.6 7.4 2013ACTIVATE 11 25 36.4 192,348 100 11.8 8.7 2012KASPIAN 13 35 39.2 178,524 93 11.5 6.5 2009EMBLEM 8 13 32.8 208,093 108 11.6 8.0 2014AMBITION 9 19 34.6 203,111 105 11.4 7.2 2012FIELDSTAR 8 15 33.6 200,464 104 11.4 6.8 2013SUNLITE 9 18 34.2 199,045 103 11.8 9.4 2014KOUGAR 8 15 33.5 198,704 103 11.3 6.3 2010ADEPT 8 14 33.1 197,834 103 11.6 8.4 2008SEVERUS 8 15 33.6 197,822 103 11.3 6.0 2013ARCADE 9 19 34.6 197,298 102 11.6 8.7 2012YUKON 9 17 34.1 194,354 101 11.3 5.8 2012TRUXX 8 13 33.0 193,836 101 11.5 8.5 2013SERGIO KWS 9 21 35.1 193,798 101 11.6 8.1 2014KONTENDER 8 15 33.5 192,837 100 11.3 6.1 2011ES REMINGTON 9 19 34.7 192,830 100 11.3 6.3 2014EXXTENS 8 16 33.8 192,808 100 11.7 9.1 2014ES REGAIN 9 19 34.5 192,157 100 11.3 6.7 2007RAMIREZ 10 23 35.7 190,848 99 11.6 8.2 2013ACUMEN 9 18 34.3 190,629 99 11.3 6.7 2011HOBBIT 5 1 29.6 211,181 110 11.2 6.4 2014ASGAARD 7 11 32.3 209,810 109 11.4 8.2 2014ATRIUM 6 6 31.0 209,485 109 11.7 10.5 2010ALFASTAR 6 5 30.6 207,661 108 11.4 8.3 2014MONTY 7 11 32.4 207,275 108 11.4 7.9 2014AMBROSINI 5 4 30.3 205,997 107 11.0 5.3 2010DUALTO 5 3 30.1 203,019 105 11.5 9.1 2012MARCO 5 0 29.2 200,589 104 11.2 5.6 2012BEETHOVEN 7 9 31.8 200,234 104 11.2 6.3 2007SALGADO 6 7 31.3 198,788 103 11.3 6.5 2007MAS 11F 6 7 31.3 198,541 103 11.3 6.7 2013NK BULL 5 4 30.3 195,070 101 11.6 8.6 2007
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Second Choice Varieties for Favourable Sites BSPB/NIAB Descriptive List for Forage Maize 2015
MATURITY
SECO
ND
CH
OIC
E VA
RIET
IES
- R
AN
KED
BY
EA
RLIN
ESS
YIELD DATA AGRONOMIC DATA STARCH DATA ENERGY DATA DIGESTIBILITY
MATURITYGROUP
LATE
EARL
Y
VERYEARLY
New in 2015* Eyespot rating derived from inoculated nurseries rather than field scores** MC = Limagrain Estimation of Maturity Class (Note: NIAB no longer provide figures for maturity class)
# Limagrain estimated days earlier to harvest than Marco - the latest variety on the Favourable NIAB List† Cell Wall Digestibility (%) minus 50
VARIETY MC** # DAYS DM% DM REL EARLY STANDING LEAF EYESPOT STARCH REL STARCH ME YIELD REL ME CELL WALL YEAREARLIER (at YIELD DM VIGOUR (at harvest SENESCENCE RATING YIELD STARCH % AT (MJ/ha at ME (MJ/kg DM DIGESTIBILITY † LISTED
TO harvest) (t/ha) YIELD (9=good, 9=good (at harvest (9=low (t/ha) YIELD HARVEST harvest) YIELD of freshHARVEST (%) 1=poor) 1=poor) 9=good 1=high) (%) (%) plant at
1=poor) harvest)
ES ARDENT 11 25 36.4 16.2 95 7.1 8.3 5.9 5.5 5.7 103 35.2 183,481 95 11.3 6.1 2011
KENTAURUS 10 22 35.5 16.1 95 7.1 8.2 4.9 5.5 5.7 102 35.2 185,011 96 11.5 6.9 2010
KEEN 10 22 35.5 15.9 93 7.3 7.9 4.8 5.3 5.6 100 35.2 182,779 95 11.5 7.7 2013
BRADLEY 9 20 34.8 16.2 95 7.3 8.3 6.0 * 5.5 98 33.7 183,853 95 11.4 7.2 2014
ES CAPRIS 8 16 33.7 17.1 101 6.9 7.0 7.2 4.7 5.4 96 31.4 191,579 99 11.2 6.7 2011
KROMWELL 8 15 33.4 16.7 98 7.0 8.2 5.9 4.7 5.6 100 33.2 188,710 98 11.3 6.5 2012
BEACON 8 14 33.1 16.9 100 7.7 8.3 7.0 4.7 5.3 96 31.4 191,873 100 11.3 7.6 2007
ES BODYGUARD 8 13 32.8 16.8 99 6.7 8.3 7.1 6.2 5.4 96 31.9 189,836 99 11.3 7.2 2013
NK CHEER 8 13 32.8 16.2 95 6.9 8.3 6.9 4.3 5.3 95 32.6 182,672 95 11.3 6.5 2010
KATY 7 11 32.2 16.9 99 7.0 8.3 6.2 6.1 5.2 94 31.1 188,720 98 11.2 7.0 2008
KONSENSUS 7 10 32.1 17.5 103 6.7 8.3 8.0 5.7 5.5 99 31.4 195,901 102 11.2 6.3 2012
ES BALLADE 7 10 32.1 17.1 101 7.0 8.3 7.2 4.3 5.6 101 32.8 193,001 100 11.3 6.7 2007
TROIZI CS 7 10 32.0 16.8 99 6.9 8.2 7.0 5.0 5.2 94 31.1 186,426 97 11.1 6.1 2011
ORMEAU 7 10 32.0 16.8 99 6.5 8.0 7.6 5.8 5.6 101 33.4 191,346 99 11.4 7.5 2011
PLEIADE 6 8 31.6 16.9 99 7.1 8.3 7.0 * 5.3 96 31.6 188,607 98 11.2 6.8 2014
DOMINATOR 6 7 31.1 17.6 104 7.0 8.3 7.3 5.4 5.4 97 30.8 194,128 101 11.0 5.4 2011
ES KIRA 6 4 30.4 18.2 107 7.2 8.2 7.3 * 5.1 92 28.0 200,746 104 11.0 6.4 2014
MAGEPI CS 5 3 30.0 16.9 100 7.1 8.3 7.1 * 5.3 95 31.4 189,054 98 11.2 6.7 2014
RUBESTO 5 1 29.5 17.6 103 7.1 7.5 7.7 2.1 5.2 93 29.4 196,081 102 11.2 6.7 2013
SCRABBLE 5 1 29.4 17.0 100 7.4 8.2 7.7 4.9 5.1 92 30.0 190,113 99 11.2 7.0 2012
VENETIA 5 0 29.2 18.0 106 7.2 8.2 7.6 6.8 4.9 89 27.4 198,610 103 11.0 6.6 2013
Mean of the Yr4/5 Varieties 32.9 17.0 100 7.2 8.2 6.8 5.0 5.6 100 32.7 192,630 100 11.3 7.0
19
Maize for Crimping or Grain Maize crops can be combined for their grain (cobkernels), from which crimped maize or dried graincan be produced.
Growing maize for grain is an attractive cash cropoption, and for arable farmers has the added benefitof breaking the cereals rotation, giving anopportunity to reduce blackgrass populations.
Danish Farmers’ Union Grain Trial ResultsDenmark has similar growing conditions to the UK with an increasingarea grown for grain maize. The Danish Farmers’ Union (DFU) conductsextensive independent variety trials. In these, three LG varieties -Ambition, Yukon and Glory - have produced high grain yieldsdemonstrating their suitability for both grain and crimping use.
DFU Grain Trials Yield t/ha Relative Fusarium(Mean 2012-13)* (@15% MC) Yield % Infected Ears %Lapriora (control) 8.41 100 9
AMBITION 8.78 105 4PR39V43 8.35 99 5
GLORY 8.63 103 2CORYPHEE 8.56 102 4
KONTENDER 8.74 104 23
YUKON 8.62 103 3
Danish Farmers’ Union Grain Trials (two year mean 2012 - 13)*
Grain Moisture at Harvest
Rela
tive
Gra
in Y
ield
%
Opportunities for grain and crimped maizeThere are two main uses for grain maize:
1. Dried grain maize for use in the bird and pet foodindustry. This small specialised market demandsvarieties with attractive yellow kernels.
2. Moist crimped grain maize for livestock feeding.For this larger market, maize grains are treated with a preservative to create a moist anddigestible high energy feedstuff with ametabolisable energy content of 14.0-14.5 MJ/kg DM.
In the UK, grain maize yields are around 8t/ha of DM, giving a crimped maize output potential of12t/ha (@ 65% DM).
Variety selection for grain andcrimping useTo harvest maize for grain the crop needs to reach amoisture content of 25-35% (DM of 65-75%) beforebeing combined. This means it is left longer in thefield than forage maize crops.
So, the main criteria when choosing which varietiesto grow for grain or crimped maize are earliness andyield. It is a high risk strategy to grow later maturingvarieties, even though DM yields may be high.
Since grain maize crops remain in the field for alonger period, varieties need to have good standingpower and also good cob cover - this reduces theirsusceptibility to Fusarium infection (and probability ofmycotoxins forming). * Selected varieties with two years of results
20
The role of maize as a feedstockTo maximise the production efficiency of anaerobic digestion (AD)plants, it is important that the feedstock used is consistent. Thisenables maintenance of the optimum environment for themicroorganisms and ensures a stable gas output. Maize forms thebase feedstock for most on-farm AD plants as it is consistent interms of supply and physical qualities, enabling a homogenousmix to be maintained.
The best crops for using as a feedstock are those which canproduce a large volume of gas per hectare.Maize has the potential to produce veryhigh yields of an energy dense crop andwhen used as a feedstock producesthe greatest amount of biogas perhectare of any crop. With relativelylow inputs and a high energy output,maize is excellent value in terms of itscost per tonne of dry matter.
Varieties for Anaerobic Digesters
Varieties recommendedfor anaerobic digesters
ALFASTAR
ATRIUM
BEETHOVEN
FIELDSTAR
LG30.223
POWER MAIZE
With relatively low inputs and a
high energy output,maize is excellent
value in terms of itscost per tonne of
dry matter
The combination of improved cell walldigestibility, top ME content and high yieldsmake Atrium an ideal feedstock.
High yield and good ME content.
ASGAARDAn exciting new variety which combines earlymaturity with very high ME yield and content.
An earlier high ME yielding option to helpspread harvest cutting dates.
Early maturing with a very high ME yield,enabling an earlier harvest withoutsignificant yield loss, and a follow-on crop tobe sown sooner.
A blend of two varieties chosen for theirperformance for AD production from our maizescreening trials.
One of the highest yielding varieties availablefor biogas use. Already widely used on biogasplants across northern Europe.
Maize variety selection for biogas productionMaize can be successfully grown in most areas of the UK, but it is importantto choose varieties suited to the growing conditions of your farm. Largeareas of maize are needed for an AD plant, for example a 500KW anaerobicdigester requires approximately 220ha of maize silage. So to make it moremanageable to harvest all of the crop at the correct dry matter, it isrecommended that varieties with different rates of maturity are sown, inorder to spread the harvest window.
Varieties should be selected which will reach maturity early enough to allowharvesting before wet weather sets in to avoid soil structure damage. Thetarget dry matter content at harvest is 28-32%.
LG Maize varieties for anaerobic digestersThe extensive UK-based Limagrain research programme tests potential newvarieties at trial sites spread across the country and on working AD plants. A vigorous selection process ensures that only the very best varieties are available to growers.
See list (right) for recommended varieties.
21
Maize for Anaerobic Digestion - BSPB/NIAB 2015 List
Rela
tive
Dry
Mat
ter Y
ield
DM%
BSPB/NIAB 2015 AD List for Favourable SitesRelative Dry Matter Yield v DM%
MATURITY
RA
NK
ED B
Y M
E (E
NER
GY
) YIE
LD
YIELD DATA AGRONOMIC DATAENERGY DATA
VARIETY # Days DM % DM DM YIELD ME REL ME ME of EARLY STANDINGEarlier to content YIELD AS % YIELD YIELD fresh plant at VIGOUR AT HARVESTharvest at harvest (t/ha) CONTROL 1000 % harvest 9=good 9=good
MJ/ha MJ/kg DM 1=poor 1=poor
HOBBIT 5 29.6 18.9 111 211 110 11.15 7.7 8.3ASGAARD 14 32.3 18.3 108 210 109 11.44 7.8 8.3ATRIUM 9 31.0 17.9 105 209 109 11.69 7.4 8.2LG30.223 0 28.3 18.8 111 209 108 11.10 7.6 8.3ALFASTAR 8 30.6 18.3 108 208 108 11.36 7.5 8.3DUALTO 6 30.1 17.7 104 203 105 11.47 6.7 8.2ES KIRA 7 30.4 18.2 107 201 104 11.03 7.2 8.2MARCO 3 29.2 18.0 106 201 104 11.15 6.5 8.2FIELDSTAR 19 33.6 17.6 104 200 104 11.39 7.6 8.2BEETHOVEN 12 31.8 17.9 105 200 104 11.18 6.9 8.0MAS 11F 11 31.3 17.6 103 199 103 11.30 7.4 8.2DOMINATOR 10 31.1 17.6 104 194 101 11.03 7.0 8.3ES BALLADE 13 32.1 17.1 101 193 100 11.28 7.0 8.3ES REMINGTON 22 34.7 17.1 101 193 100 11.27 7.7 8.3ES REGAIN 22 34.5 17.0 100 192 100 11.33 7.7 8.3ES PICKER 26 35.8 16.5 97 188 98 11.40 7.8 8.3ES ARDENT 28 36.4 16.2 95 183 95 11.34 7.1 8.3
Mean of 4&5 year varieties 32.9 17.0 100 193 100 11.33 7.2 8.2
* Limagrain estimated days earlier to harvest than LG30.223 the latest variety on the AD Favourable List.
A new ‘Maize for Anaerobic Digestion List’ is available to provide AD (anaerobicdigestion) plant operators and growers with independent data to use whenselecting varieties to maximise biogas (methane) production.
This List has been compiled from over 3 years of independent BSPB/NIAB trialdata and recognises that the selection criteria for anaerobic digesters are differentfrom those for livestock feeding. When selecting varieties to maximise theproduction of biogas, the best indication of their potential is the total energy (ME)yield per hectare.
As with the List for forage maize, information on variety performance is providedfor sites which are Favourable and Less Favourable. On this page, the FavourableList is shown, as most AD plants are in good growing areas. Further informationfor Less Favourable sites can be found at www.lgseeds.co.uk/maize
Limagrain UK LimitedRothwell
Market RasenLincolnshire
LN7 6DT
Tel. 01472 371471
www.lgseeds.co.uk/maize
For technical advice andthe name of your nearestLG stockist contact:
Limagrain UK Limited. Registered No.1305690 England.
Registered Office. Rothwell, Market Rasen, Lincolnshire.
October 2014 Version 2
Contacts
Scotland & N IrelandJohn Heaphytel: 01875 833 356 mob: 07774 929742
Northern England & MidlandsJohn Spencetel: 01673 885429 mob: 07710 981984
West & North WalesBrian Copestaketel: 01283 711162 mob: 07702 681366
South & S IslesGraham Parnelltel: 01566 775937 mob: 07795 037959
West & SouthRick Swaittel: 01278 671700mob: 07885 775965
Eastern Counties Toby Greentel: 01722 714909mob: 07899 661864
Maize Product ManagerTim Richmondtel: 01943 874819mob: 07774 929747
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