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1

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ReŸi GB †jLK evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i G mg‡qi me‡P‡q RbwcÖq‡`i GKRb, m¤£vš— gymwjg

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hvi WRb Lvbv Dcb¨vm cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q, Zvi Av‡Mi eviI cÖvq mg msL¨vi KÕLvbv †ewi‡q

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†evSvB fvix me AvswU mn‡hv‡Mi nvZ mÂvjb K‡i Ab¨‡`i mv‡_ †h ai‡bi K_v evZ©v e‡jb

ev ej‡Z cQ›` K‡ib ¯^vgx cÖm‡½, Avj −vi B”Qvq Ômy‡jLKÕ, gvj-Qvgvbv, ab m¤úwË hveZxq hv

Zv †jL‡Ki c‡¶ m¤¢e nIqvi K_v bv, wKš‘ Avgv‡`i Ibvi Dci ‡Zbvi †bK bRi Av‡Q, ‡Zbv

e‡j †jLK ¯¿x Ôm„wóKZ©vÕ †Zbvi K_v e‡jb †evSv hvq| Ômy‡jLKÕ ¯¿x nq‡Zv Av‡iv ej‡Z

_v‡Kb, ZvQvov Dwb me ai‡bi gvby‡li m‡½ DV-em K‡ib, †jLK gvbyl ZvB eo-‡QvU, †QvU-

eo hˇjvK m°‡ji m‡½ DV-em&, Ômy‡jLKÕ ¯¿x Gi ci AveviI Zvi ¯^vgx‡K Bw½Z K‡i e‡j

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†jL‡Ki evmvq Ggb GKUv Pvlv cÖK…wZi †jv‡Ki AvMgb NU‡Z cv‡i| cv‡Q `gK Lvevi fq

_v‡K Avemvi nvmv‡bi KvQ †_‡K ZvB `v‡ivqvbiv GB †MI †jvKwUi AvMg‡bi Lei w`‡Z

BZ —Z, `v‡ivqvb `‡ji GKRb Aek¨ GKevi e‡j w`‡qwQj, wVKvbv wVK _vK‡j wK A‡e, hvi

bvg †jnv ZvI wVK wKš‘ Avcbvi gZ †jvK hvB‡Z PvB‡jB‡Zv Avi Avgiv cvUvB‡Z cvwi bv|

Kv‡Rg Avjxi cÖKv‡k XvKvi bvMwiK `v‡ivqv‡bi webq _v‡K bv hLb wKbv `v‡ivqvb‡`i IBme

K_vi Dˇi e‡j, Av‡i mvBe GBWv †KvbI KZv ABj bvwn, GBWv wK KI‡bi KZv wKbv †h

wVKvbv wVK Av‡Q, gvbyI wVK Av‡Q wKš‘K hvB‡Z †`‡eb bv, Av‡i fvB Avwg wK †Pvi, bvwn

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wØavq c‡i- Ò†jvKwU †Mq n‡jI Kv_vi g‡a¨ †Kv_vq †hb GKwU kw³ Av‡Q|Ó

2

APjve¯’v KvUv‡Z B›UviK‡gi `vwq‡Z¡ wb‡qvwRZ `v‡ivqvb mvnm K‡i †jLK Avemvi

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KjgUv A‡a©K cvZv †jLv KvMv‡Ri Dc‡i †Q‡o w`‡q IB nvZ w`‡q ‡evWvg †d«Â †cÖm Gi

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w`‡q †jLvi weiwZ wb‡jb| †jLvi weiwZ wb‡jb KviY wZwb Zvi Dcb¨v‡mi bvqK-bvwqKv‡K

w`‡q GKwU Mfxi Nb Pzgyi `„‡k¨i K_v wjLwQ‡jb| wjL‡Z PvB‡jb wKš‘ Zvi g‡a¨ GKUv

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Zv ÔbZzb cÖR‡b¥iÕ g~j¨‡eva‡K Ae¶‡q mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡e wKbv| Ggb †ev‡ai Zvobvq Zv‡K

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†QvUª Kvwnbx Av‡Q Ges IB Pzgyi „‡k¨ wZwb Rxe‡b me‡P‡q †ewk c¨vkb †eva K‡iwQ‡jb, Zv

Zvi †kl evi Av‡gwiKv åg‡Yi mgq| XvKvq _vKv Kv‡j eû eQi Av‡M †Pbv GKwU †Q‡ji

m‡½ R¨vKmb nvBU‡mi †`vKv‡b Zvi ¯¿xi Rb¨ kvox I evBk K¨v‡i‡Ui LvwU †mvbvi Mnbv

†Kbvi mgq †`Lv, eo †jLK ‡h‡P Kv‡iv m‡½ K_v e‡jb bv, ZvI Avevi wbDBq‡K© †hLv‡bi

f³‡`i m‡½ †`‡ki `yi gd¯^‡ji f³‡`i Lye wgj wKš‘ wK Kvi‡b †hb wb‡RB †Q‡jwUi m‡•N

K_v e‡jb| †Q‡jwU nvB n¨v‡jv ai‡Yi DòZv †`wL‡q, KÕ†m‡K‡Êi g‡a¨ e‡j evB `¨v I‡q

Avcwb hw` Avgv‡K mgq †`b Zvn‡j GKwU †jmweqvb ev‡i wb‡q hv‡ev, GK wjUv‡ii g¨vw·Kvb

Kwd †U‡÷i Kvn&jyqv g` LvIqv‡ev, G¨v‡ÄwjKv w_‡qUv‡i †h †Kvb GKwU Qwe †`Lv‡ev, GKwU

weKvj, GKwU mܨv Avgv‡`i Drme, ej‡j †m Drme‡K dw÷-bw÷I ejv †h‡Z cv‡i, †Q‡jwU

GB e‡j nv‡m Ges e‡j Gi meB n‡e hw` ivRx _v‡Kb| ÔwZwb †jLK gvbyl Am¤¢‡ei cÖwZ

A`gbxq †KŠZ~nj AZGe ivwR n‡jbÕ| AÜKviv”Qvbœ ‡m·wcqvwiqvb Avg‡ji RvnvR ai‡bi

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K‡iwQ‡jb, Zvici Qwe †`Lvi cvjv ïi“ n‡j †jLK IB PzgywU‡Z wbgMœ n‡jb, ZLbB fve‡jb

3

†Kvb GKwU Dcb¨v‡mi bvqK-bvwqKv‡K w`‡q wZwb Zvi †`Lv PzgywU LvB‡q †`‡eb, hw`I PzgywUi

c‡ii AwfÁZv Zvi Rb¨ wQj Avðh© nIqvi| †Kbbv Mfxi D‡ËwRZ Nb IB Pzgyi „‡k¨i †k‡l

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ewg Abyf~wZ w`‡qwQj †m mg‡qi R‡b¨| QwewU †¯ú‡bi GK cwiPvj‡Ki whwb wb‡RI bvwK

mgKvgx, wZwb K‡Lv‡bvB IB cwiPvj‡Ki bvg g‡b Ki‡Z Pvb bv hw`I †Q‡jwU e‡jwQj A‡bK

K_v Zvi m¤ú‡K© | †mB PzgywUB wZwb hLb Zvi bvwqKv‡K w`‡q Kiv‡”Qb e‡j Kjg Zy‡j

wb‡q‡Qb, hw`I IB gyû‡Z© Kíbvq Avmv Zvi bvwqKv‡K cyi“‡li gZB g‡b nq, wVK †mB mgq

wb‡Pi †MU †_‡K B›UviK‡g †jLK‡K Kv‡Rg Avjxi AvMg‡bi msev`Uv Rvbv‡bv nq| †jLK

Avemvi nvmvb Ôwgó †jwÞZÕ gvbyl, wb‡Ri wewPÎ me AwfÁZv Qvov Avevi GUv †mUv c‡oI

AwfÁZv i‡q‡Q AZGe Zvi †KŠZ~nj Kv‡Rg Avjx bvgK †jvKwUi AvMgb‡K †QvU K‡i `¨v‡L

bv| hw`I wZwb ‡M‡Ui `v‡ivqvb‡`i‡K GKUz †PK K‡i cvVv‡Z e‡jb †gŠjevw`‡`i c¶ ‡_‡K

†jLK‡`i Dci Avµg‡Yi welqwUi K_v gv_vq †i‡L|

Kv‡Rg Avjx‡K wb‡q GKRb `v‡ivqv‡bi †m ai‡bi KvR Ki‡Z n‡jv †h ai‡bi KvR

Zviv Lye wfAvBwc ai‡bi AwZw_‡`i e¨vcv‡i K‡i _v‡K| A_©vr evwoi †MU †_‡K

G¨vcvU©‡g‡›Ui `iRv ch©š— GwM‡q wb‡q Avmv, †mUv AwZw_‡K we‡kl gh©v`v I m¤§vb †`Lv‡bv|

wKš‘ Kv‡Rg Avjx‡K GKBfv‡e GKRb `v‡ivqvb‡K m‡½ K‡i †jLK Avemvi nvmv‡bi `iRvi

mvg‡b Avm‡Z nq Zvi KviY Kv‡Rg Avjxi c‡¶ wjd‡U IVv ev Avemvi nvmv‡bi evmvi `iRv

ch©š— Avmv m¤¢e bq| `v‡ivqvb †`L‡jv †jLK mv`v cvRvgvi Dci GKwU dZyqv c‡i `iRv

Ly‡j evB‡i G‡m nj I‡q‡Z A‡c¶v Ki‡Qb| `v‡ivqvb AveviI ÔKw_ZÕ kª×vebZ n‡jv g‡b

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`v‡ivqv‡bi m‡½i †jvKwU‡KB Kv‡Rg wgqv m‡¤^vab K‡i Zvi G¨vcvU©‡g‡›Ui `iRvi †fZ‡i

†h‡Z D`¨Z n‡jb, `v‡ivqbI wd‡i †Mj|

Kv‡Rg Avjx‡K †jLK Avemvi nvmvb Zvi wjwfs i“‡g †XvKvi ci h_vixwZ web‡qi

m‡½ ej‡jb Ô`qv K‡i emybÕ| Kv‡Rg Avjx‡K em‡Z ejvi ci †jL‡Ki wb‡Ri Kv‡QB LUKv

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K‡iÕ K_vUv ej‡jb †Kbbv GKRb Pvlv-fylv †kªYxi gvbyl‡K webq †`Lv‡Z Avi †Kvb fvlv

wZwb Ly‡R cvbwb| Gici Aek¨ wZwb Av‡iv †f‡e cvbbv Ggb we‡kl webq †Kb †`Lv‡Z n‡e,

Zvi †fZ‡i wK †Kvb Aciva †eva KvR K‡i? wK Aciva †eva, Zv wb‡Ri †fZ‡i †Kv_vI

4

nq‡Zv, G mgq ey‡Ki †Kvb GK GjvKvq e¨v_v K‡i I‡V| wZwb Rv‡bb bv †m wK ai‡Yi e¨v_v

Z‡e wb‡RB †ev‡Sb Ôm¯—v Dcb¨v‡mi m¯—v e¨v_v mÂvjbÕ Gi GLv‡b †Kvb g~j¨ †bB AZGe

wZwb Kv‡Rg Avjxi RM‡Z wd‡i Av‡mb|

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Pviw`‡K ZvKvq bv ch©š—, A_P Avemvi nvmv‡bi WªBs i“gUv Zver `ywbqvi wRwbm c‡Î Vvmv,

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Av‡m bv, GB fvebvUv †jL‡Ki| Kv‡Rg Avjxi fvebvi welqUv G gyû‡Z© Rvbv hvq bv, †m

†kv‡b bv †h †jLK Zv‡K em‡Z e‡j‡Qb Ges ZvI Ô`qvÕ RvZxq kã e¨envi K‡i| Kv‡Rg

Avjx wb‡Ri gZ D‡`¨vM †bq- Zvi m‡½ `y‡Uv †cvUjv, `y‡UvB jy½xi Kvco †_‡K evbv‡bv, ¯¿x

k¨v‡gjv wØZxq †cvUjv evwb‡qwQj GKwU cy‡iv‡bv kvwo Kvco w`‡q, †cvUjvi †cQ‡b †Kvb

g~j¨‡eva _vK‡Z cv‡i Zv Kv‡Rg Avjxi ¯¿x k¨v‡gjvi Rvbv _vKevi K_v wQjbv, ¯^vgx Kv‡Rg

AvjxiI Rvbevi K_v bq| wKš‘ †m †h Rv‡b Zv †evSv hvq hLb Zvi ¯¿x k¨v‡gjv‡K e‡j−

†nv‡bv g¯— ei j¨vL‡Ki m‡½ mvq¶vr, †g‡q-†Q‡j‡`i nvwo-Kvdz‡o evbv‡bv †cvUjv †`BL¨v hw`

j¨vLK †`‡j Kó cvq, `¨v‡nv Avi GKLvb jyw½ Kvdzo cvI wKbv| mvg‡bi Avwk¦‡b Kv_v

†mjvBi Rb¨ ivLv jy½x bvwg‡q k¨v‡gjv wØZxq †cvUjv evbvq| Kv‡Rg Avjx Zvi †mB jyw½I

evbv‡bv cÖ_g †cvUjv evg eM‡j †P‡c wØZxq †cvUjv †_‡K jvj cÖavb meyR †P‡Ki GKLvwb

MvgQv †ei K‡i, †Kvb iKg †jL‡Ki †Kvb gZvgZ MÖvn¨ bv K‡i Kv‡Rg Avjx jvj i‡½i MvgQv

Lvwb †jLK Avemvi nvmv‡bi `vgx Kv‡c©‡Ui Dci weQv‡Z _v‡K| cÖvq wZbevi MvgQv Lvwb

Kv‡Rg Avjx evZv‡m †XD‡qi gZ K‡i ywj‡q c‡i weQvq| †jLK Avemvi nvmvb †Lqvj K‡ib

MvgQv weQv‡bvi mgq MÖv‡gi GB †jvKwUi nvZ yLvwb Ggb fv‡e y‡j I‡V †hb kªve‡Yi AvDk

av‡bi Dci evZv‡mi †XD, †h †XD †jLK wb‡R ¯^P‡¶ †Kvb w`b †`L‡Z cv‡ibwb, †`‡L‡Qb

†Uwjwfk‡b| MvgQv weQv‡bv †`‡L †jLK eyS‡Z cv‡i †h Kv‡Rg Avjx †d¬v‡i Kv‡c©‡Ui Dc‡i

†eQv‡bv MvgQvq em‡e| MvgQv wewQ‡q Kv‡Rg Avjx †jL‡Ki w`‡K bv ZvwK‡qB ˆbe©¨w³K ej‡Z

_v‡K - mvBe‡`i evwo Ni, †gv‡Mi gZ †jvK-‡Rv‡bi Mv-MZ‡i _v‡n iv‡R¨i Kv`v-gvwW|

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Avemvi nvmvb Ô†jLKÕ AZGe Zvi ¶gZv m¤úbœ fvebvq GI fv‡eb wb‡Ri e¨vcv‡i †h Kv‡Rg

5

Avjx Zvi wbR¯^ nvjKv cÖvq A`„k¨ meyR †P‡Ki jvj i‡½i MvgQv †Kv†bv AwfgZ Qvov wewQ‡q

em‡Z bv PvB‡j wZwb IB †jvKwU‡K †mvdvq em‡Z ej‡Zb wKbv| eis wZwb ‡f‡e cvb Kv‡Rg

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em‡eb bv, †fZi †_‡K Kvco Avbvevi e¨e¯’v KiwQ, Avcwb gvwU‡Z e‡mb; wZwb Avm‡j

Rv‡bb bv wK n‡j wK n‡Zv, wKš‘ Gme fv‡eb| Kv‡Rg Avjx Zvi MvgQvq em‡Z em‡Z

cwiZ…wßi m‡½ †h msev`wU †jLK‡K †`q Zvn‡jv ÔSvjnvwWi MvgQvÕ, Avg‡Mv `w¶Yv‡j

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msev` Kv‡Rg Avjx bvgK †jvKwU Zv‡K †`qv †eva Ki‡Q †Kb, nq‡Zv wK w`‡q K_v ïi“ Ki‡e

†Zgb †eva †_‡K †m G me K_v ej‡Q| Kv‡Rg Avjx e‡m coevi ci Avemvi nvmvb †Kv_vq

em‡eb wØavq c‡ob, KÕgyû‡Z© Zvi wØav †K‡U hvq †mvdvq wb‡Ri Avm‡b wd‡i hvIqvi ga¨

w`‡q †K‡bvbv wZwb ey‡S †d‡j‡Qb Zvi †mŠRb¨Zvi †Kvb cÖfve GLv‡b co‡Q bv|

Avemvi nvmv‡bi AvMÖn †fZ‡iB _v‡K, Kv‡Rg Avjxi Kv‡Q Zv cÖKvk K‡ib bv, a‡iB

wb‡q‡Qb GKUv wKQy †Zv Av‡Q bv n‡j MÖv‡gi GB †jvKwU GZ Av¯’vi m‡½ Zvi emvi Ni ch©š—

Avm‡Zv bv| Ô†jLKÕ e‡j wewPÎ AwfÁZv Zvi i‡q‡Q †m me AwfÁZv †Kej NUbvµ‡g ev

`yN©Ubvµ‡g n‡q‡Q Ggb bq, wb‡R †mvrmv‡n AwfÁZv msMÖ‡n D‡`¨vwMB n‡q‡Q| Avi GLb

cÖwZwôZ †jLK wn‡m‡e Zvi AwfÁZvi AwaKvskB AvbyôvwbK ev mvRv‡bv Zv Avemvi nvmvb

Rv‡bb, wKš‘ Zv‡Z Zvi Lye †Zgb Amyweav nq bv, wb‡Ri gZ K‡i AwfÁZvi we‡k −lY I hvPvB

K‡i Zvi Dcb¨v‡m e¨envi K‡ib| mv¤cÖwZK eQi¸‡jv‡Z Zvi Dcb¨v‡mi DcKiY Av‡m

cÖavbZ A‡b¨i ejv AwfÁZv wK Kvwnbx †_‡K| Avemvi nvmv‡bi me©‡kl wnU Dcb¨vm¸‡jvi

DcKiY meB gvby‡li ejv AwfÁZv-Mí ev Kvwnbx †_‡K †bqv AZGe Kv‡Rg Avjx †h †m

iKgB GKUv e¨vcvi †ZgbwU Avemvi nvmvb g‡b g‡b a‡i †bq| ZviciI Zvi †KŠZ~nj cÖKvk

n‡q c‡i bv eis Awai AvMÖn wb‡q A‡c¶v Ki‡Z _v‡K, Ô†`Lv hvK wK nq ai‡YiÕ †m AvMÖn|

wb‡Ri weQv‡bv MvgQvq Kv‡Rg Avjxi ÔAvmbÕ f½x‡Z emvi g‡a¨I †Kvb GK ai‡Yi A¯^w¯’

KvR Ki‡Q †mUv †evSv hvq| m¤¢eZ †mB A ^w ’ †_‡K Kv‡Rg yÕnvZ Ggbfv‡e nvUzi yÕcv‡k

fi w`‡q wb‡Pi gvwU‡Z iv‡L Zv‡Z ¯úó n‡q I‡V A¯^w¯— I Zvi nv‡Zi fi †`qvi ai†bi g‡a¨

GKUv m¤úK© i‡q‡Q| Avemvi nvmvb Dcjw× K‡ib Kv‡Rg Avjxi IB AÁvZ A¯^w¯’, e‡jb,

fvB mv‡ne Avivg K‡i e‡mb, em‡Z Amyweav n‡”Q bv †Zv ? wKQy g‡b bv Ki‡j ewj, Avcwb

Avivg K‡i †mvdvq emyb, Avwg wKQy g‡b Ki‡ev bv, eis Lywk n‡ev| Avemvi nvmvb †hb

6

Rvb‡Zb Zvi em‡Z ejevi Aby‡iva Kv‡R Avm‡e bv, ZviciI e‡j‡Qb wb‡Ri g‡bi kvwš—i

R‡b¨, AÁvZ Aciva †eva ~ixKiY D‡`¨vM| Dˇi Kv‡Rg Avjx †ZgbwU AcwiewZ©Z Avmb I

nv‡Z fi w`‡q webxZ I Av¯’vevb K‡É e‡j, Qvi nvBj¨v-RvBj¨v gvby Avgv‡Mv Avmb w`qv

eI‡bi ABf¨vm bvB, Avmb gvBi¨v eB‡j c‡i †gB`viv, cvQv, AvWy, cv‡qi bjv, L~ov meB

Avn&gbvi e¨vZv n‡I, Rbv‡ei AbygwZ cvB‡j c‡i AvZ cv Kqnvb BUUz LyBj¨v eB‡Z cvwi|

Avemvi nvmvb wb‡Ri Avm‡b GKUz b‡o Sz‡K nvZ mvg‡bi w`‡K w`‡q e‡jb, `qv K‡i Avcwb

nvZ-cv Ly‡j Avcbvi myweav gZ emyb, Avwg wKQyB g‡b Ki‡ev bv| GgbwK Avcwb Avgvi

cv‡kI em‡Z cv‡ib, wZwb Zvi Wvb nvZ †mvdvi Wvbw`‡K †QvU Pvci w`‡q †`Lvb †hb IBLv‡b

B”Qv Ki‡j Kv‡Rg Avjx em‡Z cv‡i| Kv‡Rg Avjx wb‡Ri MvgQvi Dc‡i †_‡K `yÕcv‡qi

cvZvi Dc‡i e‡m Zvi Avbv `y‡Uv †cvUjvi Dc‡iB nvZ iv‡L, †h †cvUjvq Zvi emevi MvgQv

wQj †mB †cvUjvi wMU Lz‡j nvZvq Ges Avi GKLvwb MvgQv †ei K‡i, Gev‡ii MvgQv LvwbI

jvj Z‡e jv‡j jv‡j Zdvr Av‡Q, Av‡MiwU wkg~j jvj meyR †P‡Ki g‡a¨ Avi Gev‡iiwU nvjKv

njy` †P‡Ki g‡a¨ k³ cvKv †LRy‡ii is I AvqZ‡b emevi MvgQv Lvwbi wZb fv‡Mi GKfvM|

Kv‡Rg Avjx cv Ly‡j e‡m, †hgb cv‡qi ey‡iv Av½j c¨vP w`‡q Mi“i Mjvq ev Lyovq evavi

R‡b¨ cv‡Ui `wo cvKv‡bv fw½‡Z| Kv‡Rg Avjx †QvU MvgQvLvwb cv‡qi cvZvi Dc‡i d¨v‡j,

Avm‡j `yÕcv‡qi cvZv †QvU IB njy`vf jvj MvgQv w`‡q †X‡K †`q|

Zvi Av‡M MvgQvLvwb Kv‡Rg Avjx cv‡q weQv‡bvi mg‡q †hb GKevi MÜ †bq, †jLK

Avemvi nvmvb †ZgbwUB g‡b K‡ib| Zvi g‡b Kiv‡K wbwðZ K‡i w`‡q Kv‡Rg Avjx †jLK‡K

Rvbvq wkï mš—v‡bi gZ AviwK, gv‡qi Kvco bv‡Ki cv‡k †i‡L Nyg cvwi‡q †`qv, wkï gv‡qi

Kvco †_‡K MÜ †c‡q, gv g‡b K‡i mw¯—‡Z wbivc` †f‡e Nygvq| Kv‡Rg Avjx Gfv‡e fvw½‡q

bv ej‡jI †jLK Bw› ªq kw³ Zv ey‡S †bq| Avemvi nvmvb g‡b K‡i Kv‡Rg Avjx nq‡Zv

fve‡Q †Lvjv cv‡q †jL‡Ki mvg‡b emv †eqv`ex n‡e †f‡e nq‡Zv Kv‡Rg Avjx Zvi cv †X‡K

†`q| Kv‡Rg Avjx †jL‡Ki G fvebv ~i K‡i †`q G K_v e‡j− Qvi †gviv ABjvg hvBqv

AvBj¨v-RvBj¨v gvby, Kv`v c¨v‡K _vK‡Z _vK‡Z cvI `yBnvb Nv nBqv hvq, `yN©Ü Qovq,

Avn&g‡bi m‡½ †`nv ni‡Z Avgy eyBj¨v wZb nßv AvM †_BKv Kv`v cvwb fv½v eÜ nBi¨v w`wQ,

wciwZw`b ZBzZ gvBL¨v ivLwQ Nv cPv hv Av‡Q ‡nI h¨v‡bv ûMvBqv hvq| †mB Kv`v c¨vK bv

fv½v I ZzZ gvwL‡q cv ïwK‡q‡Q I `yN©Ü gy³ n‡q‡Q †m K_v Kv‡Rg Avjx †jLK‡K Rvbvq|

Av‡iv Rvbvq, ZviciI mvBe eBj¨v KZv, IB j¶x Qvov `ygovBb¨v-gQovBb¨v cvI `yBnvb

7

Avn&g‡b †`L‡cb K¨v ? Avemvi nvmv‡bi cÖZ¨vkvi evB‡i Kv‡Rg Avjx Av‡iv Lei †`q †h GB

MvgQvLvwb AvqZ‡b †QvU †Kb? †QvU KviY GB MvgQv Lvwb Zvi ÔcwieviÕ k¨v‡gjv wewe Pzj

Svovi Kv‡R e¨envi K‡i _v‡K| Kv‡Rg Avjx ZvB `~‡i †Kv_vI †M‡j ¯¿xi MvgQv m‡½ wb‡q

hvq, MvgQvq Pz‡ji MÜ ¯¿xi Dcw¯’wZ Kv‡Rg Avjx‡K m½ †`q|

G ch©v‡q Avemvi nvmvb AbvbyôvwbK fv‡e Zvi †jLvi ik` †hvMvi ïi“ K‡ib| wZwb

Zvi Dcb¨vm †jLvi Ávb mg„× Ki‡Z _v‡Kb †Kgb K‡i ¯¿x GB MÖvgxY gvbylwUi Kv‡Q

ÔcwieviÕ| †Kgb K‡i ¿xi e¨eüZ MvgQv hv †Mvkj Gi Pzj Svo‡Z e¨envi Kiv nq, hvi MÜ

wb‡q Kv‡Rg Avjx ¿x ms¯úk© ev Dcw ’wZ Abyfe K‡i| Avemvi nvmvb B‡Zvg‡a¨ Kv‡Rg

Avjxi cÖwZ K…ZÁZvi Abyf~wZ‡Z cyY© n‡Z ïi“ K‡ib, †K‡bvbv ¯¿xi Pyj Sviv I MvgQv e„Ëvš—

Z_¨wU w`‡q Zvi cieZ©x †Kvb Dcb¨v‡m cvVK‡`i Pg‡K †`‡eb e‡j †f‡e‡Qb| †jLK wb‡Ri

w`K †_‡K Avi wKQy Rvb‡Z Pvb bv Kv‡Rg Avjxi Kv‡Q Zv‡Z AvksKv _v‡K ¯^Ztù~Z©Zv I

mijZv nvivevi hv mr DcvË msMÖ‡ni cwicš’x|

abx †jL‡Ki evwoi wbqgvbyhvqx Kv‡Ri †jvK Pv I we¯‹zU wb‡q Av‡m, Kwd †Uwe‡ji

Dci Kv‡Ri †Q‡j `yÕRbvi Pv I we¯‹zU bvgvq| Avemvi nvmvb wb‡Ri evmvi GB †iIqv‡R

AevK nb bv †h †Kvb AwZw_ G‡j Av‡`k-wb‡ ©‡ki Av‡MB Pv-Kwd Avm‡e| wKš‘ AevK nb

Ab¨ Kvi‡b, wZwb Rvb‡Zb bv, †h Kv‡c Kv‡Rg Avjxi Pv Gm‡Q †m iKg wbæ gv‡bi Kvc I

wcwiP Zvi evmvq i‡q‡Q| GK_v Zvi Kv‡Q AbeMZ bq †h, wZwb nvf-fve wK †ekÑf~lvq hvB

†nvb bv †Kb †fZ‡i Ô†kªYx wfwËKÕ †jLK, hw`I g~j cwiwPwZ IB Ôevg Nivbvi eyw×Rxex

‡MvÎxqÕ wn‡m‡e, ZvB e‡j Zvi PP©v †h GB ch©v‡q ZviB cwiev‡ii †fZ‡i n‡q _v‡K Zv wZwb

Rvb‡Zb bv| wZwb Av‡iv †`L‡jb Kv‡Ri †Q‡jwU Kvc wcwiP bvwg‡q †Uª wb‡q wd‡i hvIqvi

mgq nv‡Zi Kvco w`‡q GKwU RvqMv †gvQv w`j hvi cwi®‹vi A_© `vov‡jv Kv‡Rg Avjxi

AvMg‡b Kv‡c©U ev GB evmvi †d¬vi †bvsiv n‡q‡Q hv GB evmvq gvby‡cv‡qvMx bq e‡j aviYv

†`qv| Avemvi nvmvb Gi meB †ev‡Sb wKš‘ wVK GB gyû‡Z© Kv‡Rg Avjxi mvg‡b wZwb Zvi G

wel‡q hv hv eyS‡Z cvi‡Qb Zv wb‡q K_v ej‡eb bv, †mUv Kv‡Rg Avjx‡K m¤§vb †`Lv‡bvB

†Kej| wZwb Kv‡Ri †Q‡jwU‡K ej‡jb GB gyû‡Z© GLvb †_‡K P‡j hvI, Avwg bv WvK‡j Avi

Zzwg AvmQ bv|

Avemvi nvmv‡bi Lvivc jvM‡Q Kv‡Rg Avjx‡K †L‡Z ej‡Z, KviY Avc¨vq‡bi

Dc¯’vc‡bi f½x‡Z GiB g‡a¨ Kv‡Rg Avjxi mvg‡b A ^w¯— †eva Ki‡Qb| Aek¨ GKwU kvš—bv

8

i‡q‡Q, Kvc wcwi‡Pi †h ˆelg¨ Kv‡Rg Avjx‡K Avc¨vq‡bi †¶‡Î Dc¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q Zv Kv‡Rg

Avjx eyS‡Z cvi‡Q bv, †jL‡Ki GB aviYv KviY Kv‡Rg Avjx †mw`‡K ZvKvq wb ch©š— AZGe

Ab¨ ˆel‡g¨i e¨vcv‡i †jLK Avemvi nvmvb fve‡ZI cv‡ib bv, †h we¯‹zU evmvi †KD Lvq bv

GgbwK Kv‡Ri †jv‡KivI hv †Quvqbv Zv Avbv n‡q‡Q Kv‡Rg Avjxi R‡b¨| Avdmvi nvmv‡bi

R‡b¨ fvj msev` n‡”Q Gi †Kvb wKQyi cÖwZ Kv‡R‡gi AvMÖn Av‡Q e‡j Zvi g‡b nq bv, †m

†Kej †jLK Avemvi nvmv‡bi m‡½ K_v ej‡Z G‡m‡Q, †jL‡iK m‡½ K_v ej‡Z Avmvi m‡½

c„w_exi Ab¨ wKQyi m¤úK© _vK‡Z cv‡i Ggb avibv nq‡Zv Zvi bvB| Kv‡Ri †Q‡jwU Pv we¯‹zU

w`‡q P‡j hvIqvi ci Kv‡Rg Avjx †jLK‡K e‡j Qvi Avn&g‡bi m‡½ `¨vnv ni‡bi eyw× Kwi

†gviv MZ kv‡j ˆPËi gv‡mi †k‡l, Lye Mig AvwQj †nBw`b, Uvbv †gjv w`b Mi‡gi ci mv‡`¨i

VvWv cBi¨v So eBb¨v ABj, `ywbqvWv BUUz VvÛv, Sov Av‡gi byb KvPv gwi‡P fZ©v evbvBqv

LvB‡Z LvB‡Z ¯‹zj N‡ii gB‡`¨ GB KZv Aq, KZv DWvq †civBgvwi we`¨vj‡qi AvBGm wm

gv‡÷vi Aveyqvj †nv‡mb| Kv‡Rg Avjxi GB j¤^v K‡i K_vUvi g‡a¨ w`‡q †jLK Avemvi

nvmvb Rvb‡Z cv‡i Zvi AvMgb †Kej GKK e¨vcvi bq, Gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q Avgiv, hv †Kvb GK

ˆP‡Îi ciš— `ycy‡i Kvj †ev‡kLx ‡mB S‡oi ci KwZcq wg‡j GB wm×vš— †bq †h †jL‡Ki m‡½

GB Kv‡Rg Avjx †`Lv Ki‡Z Avm‡e| Avemvi nvmvb eyS‡Z cv‡ib Zvi Mí ïi“ n‡q †M‡Q hv

wZwb ï‡b hv‡eb cÖvq †Kvb cÖkœ Qvov; Lye Ri“wi ‡Kv_vI †Kv‡bv cÖkœ Ki‡ZB n‡e Ggb g‡b bv

Ki‡j| Avemvi nvmvb‡K Rvbv‡bv nq XvKv wKfv‡e hvIqv n‡e, wKfv‡e Avmv n‡e hvZvqvZ

fviv eve` LiPvw`, †jL‡Ki wVKvbv †hvMvi BZ¨vw` me wel‡q| cwiKíbv Abyhvqx Kv‡Rg Avjx

†jL‡Ki m‡½ †`Lv Ki‡Z †M‡j h_v m¤¢e cwi®‹vi cwi”Qbœ †cvkvK AvkvK, AvPvi AvPiY mn

Ggb wRwbl ev` _v‡K bv hv n‡Z cv‡i e‡j Kv‡Rg Avjxiv fv‡ewb | Ô†civBgvwiÕ ¯‹zj wk¶K

Aveyqvj ‡nv‡m‡bi `yi m¤ú‡K©i Ô†eqvB jv‡MÕ Ggb AvZ¥xqi †Q‡j XvKvi kn‡i _v‡K, ZviB

Kv‡Q GKUv eB †c‡q †mB eB‡q †jL‡Ki f~wgKv †_‡K Aveyqvj ‡nv‡mb Rvb‡Z cv‡i wKfv‡e

†jLK IB Dcb¨v‡mi DcKiY †c‡qwQj †Kvb GKRb A‡Pbv †jv‡Ki KvQ †_‡K| AZGe

Aveyqvj †nv‡mb aviYv K‡i Kv‡Rg Avjxi Kv‡Q †h GKwU Kvwnbx i‡q‡Q †mB Kvwnbxi eqvb

Avemvi ‡nv‡m‡bi gZ †Kvb †jLK‡K ej‡Z cvi‡j GKLvbv cyw_ iwPZ n‡Z cv‡i, †h

cyw_Lvbvi gva¨‡g Kv‡Rg Avjx, Aveyqvj †nv‡mb mn Ab¨vb¨iv mš‘ó n‡Z cv‡i GB g‡g© †h Avi

hv‡nvK Zv‡`i g‡Z D‡j −L‡hvM¨ A_P NUbvi ev¯—eZvq AvR hv †QvU †mB me NUbv Aš—Z

GKLvbv cyw_i †fZ‡i _vK‡e| Gme GLb Avemvi nvmv‡bi Rvbv nq Ges †ev‡Sb wKš‘ wm×vš—

9

†bb †h wb‡R AvM evwi‡qwKQy Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb bv| wZwb g‡b K‡ib, †h Dcb¨vmwUi †fZi †_‡K

Zv‡K GLb nvU‡Z n‡e ‡mB gy‡L ewb©Z Dcb¨v‡mi †jLK GB Kv‡Rg Avjx, Zv †m †h fv‡eB

ejyK|

NUbv bvwK A‡bK eQi Av‡Mi hvi wba©vwiZ mb-ZvwiL Kv‡Rg Avjxi c‡¶ ejv m¤¢e

nq bv, ¯§„wZB wba©vwiZ mgq g‡b bv _vKevi cÖavb KviY hw`I m‡½ Kv‡Rg Avjx Avemvi

nvmvb‡K Rvbvq †gviv ABjvg hvBqv Av‡jnv cov AvBj¨v RvBj¨v, †kvb Zvwi‡K †gviv Pwj bv,

Iqv eywRIbv| †Rvqvi fvWv, †Rvev, Pv‡›`i ¶q, Avi c~wY©gvq eywS w`b hvq Avq, GB ing

me| Z‡e Kv‡Rg Avjx †jLK Avemvi nvmvb‡K G‡Kev‡i mgq m¤ú‡K© AÜKv‡i iv‡L bv,

GKwU aviYv Aš—Z †`q Zv n‡jv eo eBb¨vi Av‡Mi wK c‡ii e”Qi| †jLK †Pv‡Li cvZvq j¤^v

cjK †d‡j kvš—fv‡e NviUv GKUz `ywj‡q Kv‡Rg Avjx‡K †hb e‡j mb Zvwi‡L †Kvb Amyweav

bvB, ‡m hv ej‡Z Pvq Zv e‡j †h‡Z cv‡i|

Kv‡Rg Avjx‡`i MÖv‡gi bvg eDjvcyi, cv‡ki MÖvg †bvjK‡Svi, †bvjK†Sv‡ii mywegj

wgw¯¿ fviZ P‡j hvIqvi ci Zvi KvR a‡i †bvfv kwd, Kv‡Rg Avjx fvw½‡q e‡j †bvfv kwdi

A_© wK, kwd †jvfv cÖK…wZi †jvK, Lvevi †`L‡j wnZvwnZ Ávb _v‡K bv, †QvU ev”Pviv †jvfv

ej‡Z cviZ bv Zviv ejZ †bvfv, †mB fv‡e †m nq †bvfv kwd| wKš‘ †mB me mgq ej‡Z

†Kvb& mgq Zvi †Kvb aviYv Kv‡Rg Avjx †jLK‡K w`‡Z cv‡i bv, ‡Kej eûZ AvwMjv Kvj,

eûZ cyivbv w`b me, Ggb fv‡e e‡j| Zq †nB †bvfv kwd mywegj wgmwZwii Kvg ai‡j Znb

†_BKv ‡nqvi bvg †bvfv kwd †Mv‡b kwd wgmwZwi Aq| †nB kwd wgmwZwii †h ‡cvqv ABj

†nB ‡cvqvi bvg ABj hvBqv ing, ing Avjx| ing Avjx ev‡ci wgmwZwiwMwi bv nBi¨v †n

nBj hvBqv Avn&gbvi fvmvi Av‡Wi QvwZ nvivwb wgmwZwi| Kv‡Rg Avjx e¨vL¨v K‡i, wgmwZwi

wMwiWv wVK _vK‡j, Lvwj Kv‡gi aiY e`j ABj, Ni wgmwZwiwMwi _yBqv QvwZi wgmwZwi

ai‡j| Avemvi nvmvb ZLb Kv‡Rg Avjxi gva‡g Rv‡bb †h ing wgw ¿i Zvi evev kwd wgw¯¿‡K

e‡j †h, N‡ii Kv‡gi †Kv‡bv wVK _v‡nbv, e”Q‡i GKUv wK `yBWv ‡niI †Kv‡bv ‡mvgq wVK bvB,

‡ni PvB‡Z QvwZi Kv‡g Av‡W Av‡W wKQy Aš—Z AvB‡e, GB fv‡e Ges GB Kvi‡Y ing wgw¯¿

QvwZi wgw¯¿‡Z cwiYZ nq| Gic‡i †jLK Avemvi nvmvb Kv‡Rg Avjxi gva¨‡g Rvb‡Z cv‡i

ing wgw ¿i evev †bvfv kwd wK kwd wgw ¿ M‡í G‡Kev‡i †cÖvqvRbnxb †Kbbv nVvr K‡i Kv‡Rg

Avjx Gev‡i IB ing wgw¯—i †Q‡ji cÖm½ Av‡b hvi bvg ejv nq Lwei †gqv| Kv‡Rg Avjx

Lwei wgqvi bvg Zvi Kvwnbx‡Z †hvM w`‡qB †mBfv‡e eBb¨vi Av‡Mi eQi c‡ii eQi cÖm½wU

10

Avi GKevi †Zv‡j hv‡Z Avemvi nvmv‡bi g‡b nq Zvi Kvwnbx‡Z kwd wgw¯¿i Dcw ’wZ AZ

Ri“wi bq hZbv GLb mgq D‡j−‡Li Kvi‡Y ing Avjx wgw¯¿ wKsev Lwei wgqvi Dcw¯’wZ m½Z|

Zv‡`i KZvevZ©v PjvKv‡j Kv‡Ri †Q‡j Xy‡K c‡i Avemvi nvmvb‡K Rvbvq K¨vbvWv

†_‡K †dvb G‡m‡Q| Avemvi nvmvb Kv‡Ri †Q‡jwU‡K e‡jb Avwg GKwU Kv‡R AvwQ, Ri“wi

KvR Ges Ggb Kv‡Ri mgq Avgvi evmvqB _vKevi K_v bq, KvRwU evmvi evB‡i NUevi K_v,

A_©vr †jLK Kv‡Ri †Q‡jwU‡K e‡j w`‡jb Ab¨ Avi †Kvb †dvb G‡j †hb Zv‡K Rvbv‡bv bv

nq| wZwb GB ai‡Yi Kv‡Ri mgq ZvwË¡K fv‡e evB‡i Zv ‡dvb Kiv e¨vw³ †m Kwe ev MíKvi

wK Ecb¨vwmK ‡nvKbv, †m K¨vbvWv bv †nvK Av‡gwiKv cÖevmx †nvK, wK P›`ª cÖevmx, Avemvi

nvmvb Kv‡iv †dvb ai‡eb bv, wZwb †Kej Kv‡Rg Avjxi m‡½ K_v ej‡eb, †bvfv kwd †_‡K

ing wgw¯¿ n‡q Lwei wgqvi AwbwY©Z mg‡q wePiY Ki‡eb| Kv‡Ri †Q‡jwU wjwfs i“g †_‡K P‡j

hvIqvi Av‡MB Kv‡Rg Avjx †jLK Avemvi nvmvb‡K e‡j Qvi Rj-wccvmv cvB‡Q, cvwb GUUz|

Kv‡Rg Avjxi gZ †jv‡Ki gy‡L Rj-wccvmv †c‡q‡Q ï‡b Avemvi nvmvb m¤¢eZ †fZ‡i

¶vwYKUv †nvPU Lvb, ïay †fZ‡i †Kb nq‡Zv evB‡iI, Zv bv n‡j Kv‡Rg Avjx wb‡Ri w`K

†_‡K †kvaiv‡eb †Kb− HB cv‡ki †Mivg †bvjK †Svo, †nBnv‡b KqNi B› y cwievi Avj&‡n,

†QvÆ †mvgq n¨v‡Mvi me evo‡Z †M‡j †gviv IBig nBi¨v KBZvg, GUUz ÔRj-cvwbÕ, †nivI

IBig KBZ †gvMi me evo‡Z| Avemvi nvmvb Kv‡Rg Avjxi GB e¨vL¨vq wKQyB e‡jb bv

A_ev e‡jb wVK Av‡Q wVK Av‡Q I wKQy bq A_ev wKQy, Gi wKQy wbwðZ nIqv hvq bv| Z‡e

Zvi A‡MvP‡i GKwU `xN©k¦vm c‡i, hw`I †mB `xN©k¦vm bvmviÜ« †_‡K wbtmwiZ nIqvi ci Zvi

KvPvcvKv Ôcyi“lvjxÕ cÖZx‡Ki †Mv‡di Dci w`‡q Mwo‡q c‡Äi gZ KzPKv‡bv wK Agm„Y †Zj

†Z‡j we‡kl †MvÎxq †Rv‡Ki †`‡ni gZ †VvU Mwo‡q wPey‡K wgB‡q hvq, †hLvb †_‡K Mwo‡q

ey‡Ki Dc‡i kv‡U© coevi Av‡MB| wZwb g‡b Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv Kv‡Rg Avjx †h K_vwU A_©vr

Rj-cvwb †h ejj †mB iKg GKUv K_v wZwb K‡e e‡j‡Qb ev Av‡`Š e‡j‡Qb wKbv †Kvbw`b,

bvwK †jL‡Ki KwgU‡g›U ÔD`viZvIÕ Kwg‡UW n‡q c‡i| KZ wKQy Kiv DwPr DbywP‡Zi

KZ©‡e¨i Kvi‡Y ejv nqwb KL‡bv, †Kv_vI, KvD‡K †Kvb mg‡q, bv mÁv‡b, bv fy‡j| Avemvi

nvmvb Kv‡Ri †Q‡jwU‡K cvwb w`‡q †h‡Z e‡jb, wZwb Rv‡bb Kv‡Ri †Q‡jwU Kv‡Rg Avjx

D‡cv‡hvMx K‡i cvwb wb‡q Avm‡e hv Zvi †`L‡Z fvj jvM‡Qbv| ZvB wb‡Ri R‡b¨B cvwb

`iKvi Ggb K‡i Kv‡Ri †Q‡jwU‡K cvwb Avb‡Z ej‡jb| Kv‡Ri †Q‡jwU cvwb Avb‡Z †M‡j

Kv‡Rg Avjx cÖ_g †cvUjvi †fZ‡i wK Rvwb LyuR‡Z _v‡K, Avemvi nvmvb †Kvb AvMÖn †`Lvq bv

11

evowZ| wZwb ïay †`‡L †h‡Z _v‡Kb †h Kv‡Rg Avjx Aci Avi GKwU †cvUjv †_‡K GKwU M−vm

†ei K‡i, †QvU †cZ‡ji M −vm, cwi®‹vi SKSK Ki‡Q| †jLK ey‡S †d‡jb Zvi evwoi M −v‡m

Kv‡Rg Avjx Rj ev cvwb Lv‡e bv| wb‡Ri nv‡Zi M−v‡mi w`‡K ZvwK‡q Avemvi nvmv‡bi

D‡Ï‡k¨ Kv‡Rg Avjx e‡j Qvi `vbv QvB w`qv cwievi gvBR¨v cwi®‹vi nBi¨v ‡`‡P, KZv ABj

eo †jv‡ni evwoi †Mjvm-cvwZ Avgv‡Mvi gZ gvBb‡li ‡eenvi KBi¨v bó niv DwPr wKbv,

‡nBi jBM¨v cwievi I ABb¨vBb¨iv †Mjv‡mi KZv KBj, †MjvmUvi Avevi BwZnvm Av‡Q, IB

†bvjK †Sv‡o mywegj wgw¯¿ hvIqvi Av‡M †gvi evd‡i w`qv M¨v‡Q| Avemvi nvmvb‡KB cvwb

Zvi †cZ‡ji M −v‡m †X‡j w`‡Z e‡jb, Avemvi nvmvb ZvB K‡ib †K‡bv bv wZwb †ev‡Sb Kv‡Rg

Avjxi fvlvq eo †jv‡Ki evwoi wRwbm cÎ a‡i Zvi nv‡Zi Kvi‡Y †hb †bvsiv n‡q bv hvq|

cvwb cv‡b GZ Z…wß gvbyl †c‡Z cv‡i Ggb aviYv †hb Avemvi nvmv‡bi cÖ_g n‡jv| Kv‡Rg

Avjx Avevi ïi“ K‡i †mB eo eb¨vi Av‡Mi eQi bv wK c‡ii eQi hvi wVK wKQy bvB Ges ing

wgw ¿i †Q‡j Lwei †gqv| nv‡U QvwZ mviv‡bvi ing wgw¯¿i †Q‡j Lwei wgqvi bvg ejvi ci

A‡bK K_vB nq‡Zv Zvi ejevi _v‡K, wKš‘ kã mxwg‡Zi Kvi‡Y wK eY©bvi `ye©jvZvi Kvi‡Y

†mfv‡e bv n‡jI Kv‡Rg Avjx e‡j †mB †gv‡Mvi me †Miv‡gi Lwei ‡gqv, †mvbvi Pv›`,

PvB‡›`i UzKiv, †Mve‡ii cBÏ GB KZv †jv‡K KBZ wKš‘K gyB †Mvei wPwb cBÏ wPwb bv,

‡nBi jBM¨v wbwðš— KB‡Z cvigy bv †Mve‡i cBÏ wK wRwbl| Avemvi nvmvb Kv‡Rg Avjxi

K_v ï‡b Av‡iv †ev‡Sb †h Agb †Q‡j yB Pvi `k wek MÖv‡g wK _vbvq wK †RjvqI nqbv| wKš‘

Zv‡`i cv‡ki †bvjK ‡Svo MÖv‡g †mB iKg †mvš—vb nq| Avemvi nvmvb Kv‡Rg Avjxi M‡íi

Avi †Kvb avibv cvq bv †Kej Lwei †gqv bvgK †jvKwU †gavex e‡j Zvi Kv‡Q g‡b nq| Z‡e

Avemvi nvmv‡bi G aviYv nq †h Lwei wgqv bvgK †jvKwU wbðqB gviv †M‡Q Zv bv n‡j GwU

†Kb M‡íi DcKiY n‡e e‡j Kv‡Rg Avjx wK Aveyqvj ‡nv‡mbiv aviYv Ki‡Zv bv?

‡ev‡Sb mvBe †nB Lwei wgqvi ¿xi †mvš—vb nB‡e, GBWv wK †Ljv KZv ? Avemvi

nvmvb G ch©v‡q ey‡S †d‡jb †h Kv‡Rg Avjxi ejv M‡í nq‡Zv †Zgb †Rvi bvB, †hgb cÖwZwU

gvbylB g‡b K‡i Zvi Kv‡Q mevi †miv MíwU i‡q‡Q †Kej `iKvi GKRb †jL‡Ki whwb ¸wQ‡q

MvwQ‡q Ggb fv‡e wjL‡eb †h iv‡R¨i †jvKRb †mB Kvwnbx j‡q nvm‡eb I Kuv`‡eb, Kuv`‡eb

I nvm‡eb| Avemvi nvmv‡bi AvMÖ‡ni Uvb co‡jI wZwb Kv‡Rg Avjx‡K Zv eyS‡Z †`b bv|

Kv‡Rg Avjx e‡j †h‡Z _v‡K, Lwei †gqv Xvnvq _v‡n, ‡gv¯— eo Pviwn n‡i| wKš‘ ¯¿x Ô†mvš—vb

†mv¤^vevÕ e‡j ing wgw ¿ I Zvi ¿x XvKvq Avm‡Z Pvq, wKš‘ Lwei †gqv PvKwi †i‡L †h‡Z cv‡i

12

bv, wKš‘ evev gv‡K Lei cvVvq ˆekv‡L Zvi ¿xi mš—vb n‡e, Zviv †hb XvKvq P‡j Av‡m| GLb

Zviv XvKvq wKfv‡e Avm‡e Gi Av‡M †Zv †Kvbw`b XvKv Av‡mwb| eb¨vi eQi ‡cŠl gv‡mi

av‡bi †gŠmyg ‡k‡l †Kvb KvR Kiv hvq wKbv GB g‡bvfve wb‡q Kv‡Rg Avjx GKevi XvKvq

G‡mwQj| †`wk `yÕGKR‡bi gva‡g Zvi KvR †Rv‡U wLjMuvI evRv‡i ZwiZiKvix we‡µZv‡`i

dzU digv‡qk LvUv, ZLb Zvi eqm Kg A‡bK cyivbv K_v| wKš‘ †ewk w`b Kv‡Rgi IB KvR

fvj jv‡M bv †m Avevi MÖv‡gi †`‡k P‡j hvq| nq‡Zv ZviB wKQyw`b ci Lwei ‡gqvi ¯¿xi

mš—vb m¤¢vebvi K_v _vK‡jI Lwei wgqvi evev-gvi XvKvq Avmvi `iKvi co‡j cv‡ki MÖv‡gi

Lwei wgqvi †LvR c‡i, hw` †m Lwei wgqvi evev gv ing wgw¯¿ I Zvi ¯¿x‡K XvKv wb‡q Avm‡Z

cv‡i KviY ZLbKvi w`‡b Kv‡Rg Avjx‡`i me MÖvg †_‡K †Kvb gvbyl Rb XvKvi kn‡i Av‡m

bv ev XvKvi kni †P‡b bv †Kej Kv‡Rg Avjx ev‡`, Kv‡Rg Avjx ivwR nq †Kbbv LiP cvwZ

hvIqv-Avmv LvIqv-`vIqv eve` me LivPvw` IB ing wgw¯¿i|

eb¨vi Av‡Mi wK c‡ii eQi Zv‡Z Aek¨ wKQy hvq Av‡m e‡j g‡b nq bv †jLK

Avemvi nvmv‡bi| †K‡bvbv Kv‡Rg Avjx Ggb wKQyB ej‡Qb bv hv‡Z mb Zvwi‡Li Av‡`Š †Kvb

`iKvi Av‡Q| ZviciI †K‡bv †hb Kv‡Rg Avjx mb Zvwi‡Li m‡½ GK †hvM ¯’vc‡bi †Póv

K‡i hvq| Avemvi nvmvb Kv‡Rg Avjxi †Kvb wKQy‡ZB AvcwË K‡i bv| wZwb †jLK, A‡b¨i

Mí ïb‡Z Zvi †Kvb AvcwË bvB, AZGe Zv‡K Kv‡Rg Avjxi eY©bv ïb‡Z nq wKfv‡e Ges

†Kb g‡b K‡i †mUv A_©vr †h mg‡qi K_v ej‡Z Pvq Zv eQ‡ii †Kvb mgq| ˆPÎ gvm n‡e,

fxlY Mi‡gi ivZ, c‡ii w`b XvKv hv‡e e‡j †Zgb Nyg nq wb| mKv‡j D‡V cvwZ Mve LvIqvi

†jvf mgvjv‡Z cv‡i bv| †m hLb jy½x KvQv w`‡q Mve Mv‡Q DVwQj ZLbI Mve Mv‡Q e‡m _vKv

†KvwKj †kl WvKwU w`‡q D‡o wM‡qwQj Gi me wKQyB Zvi g‡b _vKZ bv e‡j Kv‡Rg Avjx

†jLK‡K Rvbvq, hw` bv Zvov ûovq †m GKvwaK Mv‡ei wewP wM‡j †dj‡Zv| Mv‡ei wewP wM‡j

†djv †h †Kvb NUbv bq ev NUbv n‡Zvbv hw` bv IB Mv‡ei wewP Zvi ‡cU k³ K‡i bv †djZ

Ges XvKvq wLj MvI‡q †`Lv Ki‡Z hvIqv †g‡mi cvqLvbvq IB Mv‡ei wewP †n‡M bv w`Z|

Kv‡Rg Avjx ZvB †jLK‡K hyw³ w`‡q †evSvevi †Póv K‡i †h †mUvB fvM¨ †h †mw`b †m XvKv

hvIqvi Av‡M Lye mKv‡j Zvovûov K‡i AZ¸‡jv Mv‡ei wewP bv †L‡j XvKvq wM‡q †cU k³I

n‡Zvbv KóI n‡Zv bv Ges Lwei wgqvi NUbvi mgqUvI awi‡q w`‡Z cviZ bv| †jLK Avemvi

nvmvb Kv‡Rg Avjxi K_vq Ggb fve K‡ib †hb †m LyeB wVK K_v e‡j‡Q| eb¨v Ges †KvwKj

13

I cvwZ Mve cvKv‡bvi mgq wPwýZ n‡jI GB M‡íi †Kvb fveMwZK VvIi Ki‡Z cv‡i bv

†jLK Avemvi nvmvb|

ei¸bvi jvB‡bi j‡Â K‡i mviv w`b jv‡M Zv‡`i ewikvj Avm‡Z| ewikvj †_‡K Avi

GKUv eo j‡Â Zviv XvKvq iIbv †`q, `yw`‡bi Lvevi `vevi m‡½ wb‡q Av‡m Mªvg †_‡K A_©vr

hZ¶Y bv ch©š— Zviv XvKv ing wgw¯¿i †Q‡ji evmvq Avm‡e, Zvi Av‡M Zv‡`i Lvevi `vev‡ii

e¨e¯’v Av‡Q| GB `xN© åg‡bi mg‡q bvwK ing wgw¯¿ I Zvi ¯¿x iv‡R¨i me K_v e‡j Kv‡Rg

Avjxi m‡½| †nqv KËv `i‡bi KZv mvBe, Avi Kgy wK, Avemvi nvmvb †ev‡Sb A_©vr ing

wgw¯¿ hZ ai‡bi K_v †m mg‡q Kv‡Rg Avjx‡K e‡j‡Q Zvi wKQy Ask n‡jI Avemvi nvmvb‡K

GLb ïb‡Z n‡e|

GB †cvjv‡Zv Avgvi N‡i Rb¥v‡bvi KZv bv, fv‡M¨i Kvievi, Ggbfv‡e e‡j‡Q ing

wgw¯¿ †mB j åg‡bi mgq Kv‡Rg Avjx‡K| †Q‡j mš—vb n‡j QvwZ wgw¯¿i hZme Kíbv

_vKevi K_v Zv Zvi wQj wKš‘ me Dëv cvëv n‡q hvq hLb Avwe®‹vi K‡i Zv‡`i †Q‡j Lwei

‡gqv covïbvq fvj, ZzL&Lvi QvËi| ing wgw¯¿i ¯¿x K`g wewe †m mgq Kuv‡` Avb›` I `yt†L †h

†Q‡j Zvi †jLvcov K‡i eo n‡q‡Q, Avevi †Q‡j‡K gv wn‡m‡e †Kvbw`bB Kv‡Q cvq bvB, IB

Zvi †jLv cov Kievi R‡b¨| ing wgw¯¿ myL `yt†Li A‡bK K_vi g‡a¨ G K_vI e‡j †h

mK‡ji gZ ZviI Avkv wQj †Q‡j‡K †`‡L ï‡b weqv Kiv‡e, wKš‘ Zv‡`i me MvI †Miv‡g IB

†Q‡ji Dchy³ KBb¨v †Kv_vq| †Q‡j Zvi cQ›` gZ we‡q K‡i, eD AB‡jv hvBqv †mvbvi bvnvb

UzKiv| wKš‘ Zv‡Z wK Zviv †Zv Avi Kv‡Q cvq bv| Lwei wgqvi PvKwi nIqvi c‡i evev‡K

e‡j‡Q QvwZ mviv‡bvi Kv‡R hZ UvKv Av‡m Zvi †P‡q †ewk UvKv †m evev‡K †`‡e, Zv‡Z hw`

evev Zvi QvwZ mviv‡bvi KvR †Q‡o †`q, ing wgw ¿ K_v ejevi mgq †mw`‡bi Zi“b Kv‡Rg

wgw¯¿i Wvbvq nvjKv Pvc †`q, gyPwK nv‡m, e‡j, GBWv †ni B¾‡Zi e¨vcvi, Agy‡Ki evev nvU

e›`‡i QvwZ wgw¯¿i Kvg K‡i| Z‡e †Q‡j e‡j‡Q PvB‡j †m QvwZ mviv‡bvi KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i hw`

GKvš—B Zvi gb Pvq| AZGe QvwZ wgw¯¿ QvwZ mviv‡bvi KvR eÜ K‡i †`q, wKš‘ Qvcov †`qv

RvqMvUv nvU KwgwUi KvQ †_‡K evqbv K‡i iv‡L hw` mZ¨B Zvi g‡b nq †h QvwZ mviv‡bvi

KvR Avevi Zvi Ki‡Z n‡e, GB ai‡bi KZ me K_v nq Zvi †kl bvB, Ggbfv‡e Kv‡Rg

Avjx †jLK Avemvi nvmvb‡K Rvbvq| Kv‡Rg Avjx Af¨vm emZ Zvi nvZ w`‡q Kcv‡ji Nvg

†gvQevi †Póv K‡i hw`I Zvi Nvgvq bv, Zvi Kv‡Q GUv Zv¾e e¨vcvi g‡b nq Ges GKevi

Nvgnxb Kcv‡j nvZ w`‡q gy‡Q †jLK‡K e‡j Qvi mvBe‡`i evmv evwoi KvieviB ABj hvBqv

14

Ab¨ ing, fvÏi Avk¦x‡bi Mi‡gI †Kgb VvÛv, †hb cyûBi cv‡ii Nb K¨vjvi Sv‡oi bx‡P, †nI

GZ VvÛv bv| †jLK Avemvi nvmvb Zv‡K e‡jb bv †h Zvi evwo‡Z VvÛvi KviY wK, e‡jb bv

Kvib Zvi g‡b nq Zv‡Z nq‡Zv M‡íi †mªvZ cwieZ©b n‡q hv‡e| AZGe G cÖm‡½ Avemvi

nvmv‡bi †Kvb wKQy bv ejv Kv‡Rg Avjxi †mB AwfgZB †_‡K hvq †h mv‡ne‡`i evwo N‡i

Ab¨iKg e¨vcvi, Mi‡gi g‡a¨I VvÛv| Avemvi nvmvb G mgq †eva K‡ib `ycyi n‡q †M‡Q,

wKQy LvIqv `iKvi| ZvB GK dv‡K Kv‡Rg Avjx‡K e‡jb fvB mv‡ne Avgv‡`i †Zv wKQy LvIqv

`iKvi `ycyi n‡q †M‡Q| Gi Dˇi Kv‡Rg Avjx e‡j, I †gjv¶Y KZv KBjvg, †UiB cvB

bvB| ZvQvov nyi“R †`nb hvqbv Gnvb w`qv eySgy †Kg&‡g Gnb wK †ejv| G ch©v‡q Aek¨

Avemvi nvmv‡bi b~Zb mgm¨vi K_v fve‡Z nq| G K_v mZ¨ MÖvgxY GB Kv‡Rg Avjx‡K wb‡q

Zvi KÕjvL UvKv `v‡gi WvBwbs †Uwe‡j e‡m †L‡Z AvcwË bvB, wKš‘ Zvi cwievi, Zviv wK

cÖ¯‘Z Gi R‡b¨ GgbwK †`L‡Z GB „k¨, Kv‡Ri †jvK¸‡jvI †Zv AvcwË Ki‡e, gy‡L bv †nvK

Aš—‡i| †h gvbylwUi ewY©Z KvwnYxi Dci wZwb nq‡Zv †h mdj Dcb¨vmwU iPbv Ki‡eb, †h

Dcb¨vmwU Avevi Zv‡K w`‡Z cv‡i KZ jvL UvKv Ges AMwYZ Av‡iv, Zv AbvMZ mg‡qi

R‡b¨, A_P †mB gvbylwU‡KB m‡½ K‡i GK †ejv Lvevi LvIqv hv‡e bv| GK †ejv gvÎ, A_P

wK A™¢Z Ô†jLK ¯^vaxbZvqÕ KL‡bv Zvi KvMR wK Kjg,†Kvb wKQy‡Z eva mv‡a bv| Avemvi

nvmvb Kv‡Rg Avjx‡K e‡jb GKUz †fZi †_‡K Avwm, wZwb †fZ‡i hvb| ¯¿x †dv‡b K_v

ejwQ‡jb, wm½vcyi, †nv‡Uj, kwcs gj G me kã wZwb †kv‡bb, †dvb nv‡Z †i‡L ¯¿x Rvb‡Z Pvb

†jvKwU †K ? Zzwg‡Zv mKvj †_‡K wKQy LvIwb, GK m‡½ ycy‡ii LveviwUB †L‡q bvI| ¯¿xi

mvg‡b †jLK Ggbfv‡e `vwo‡q _v‡Kb †hb M −vwW‡qUi hy‡Mi `vm, wKQy ej‡Z Pvb ej‡Z cv‡ib

bv| ¯¿x wR‡Ám K‡ib wKQy ej‡e we‡kl? †jLK GK cv AvMvb ynvZ Ro K‡ib Zvi bvfx

mgvš—ivj, Ro nvZ Dc‡i D‡V Av‡m ey‡Ki Kv‡Q, ey‡Ki wb‡P, e‡jb †jvKwU ewikv‡jiI

GKk gvBj `w¶Y †_‡K G‡m‡Q| ¿x e‡jb Zvi nv‡Zi †dvb GKevi Kv‡bi Kv‡Q wb‡q Avevi

wdwi‡q G‡b Ô‡ZvÕ| †jLK †Zv aŸbxi we‡k −lbvZ¥K ggv_© †ev‡Sb bv Zv bq ZviciI Ro nvZ

Avevi wb‡P bvfx mgvš—ivj G‡b e‡jb, ycy‡ii Lvevi| †jLK ¯¿x †dvb Avevi Kv‡bi Kv‡Q

wb‡q e‡jb †kvb& c‡i †dvb Ki‡ev| wZwb †dvb †_‡K wd« n‡jb KviY †Kvb iKg Sv‡gjv gy³

Gev‡i ¯^vgx †jL‡Ki m‡½ K_v ej‡eb| †jLK Rv‡bb AvMÖvmx g‡bvfvecbœ cÖwZ‡ekxi m‡½

emev‡mi †KŠkj, wZwb e‡jb wVK Av‡Q, wVK Av‡Q, `Õyevi| hw`I GB ÔwVK Av‡QÕi †fZi

A‡NvwlZ hy‡×i ïi“‡ZB civRq †g‡b †bqv| wKš‘ †jLK hLb ej‡jb g‡b n‡jv- AwZ mv”Q‡›`

15

wZwb civR‡qi K_v ej‡jb| ¯¿x wKQy ejevi Av‡M wZwb wVK Av‡Q e‡j †eWi“‡gi ev_i“‡g

†h‡Z _vK‡jb| wbqg fv½‡jb, ev_i“‡gi `iRv jvMv‡jb bv, Avav †LvjvB _vKj| K‡gv‡W

e‡m wZwb †ckve K‡ib wKš‘ wm×vš— wb‡jb cy‡iv cvRvgv Ly‡j wZwb K‡gv‡W e‡m †ckve Ki‡eb

bv eis whcvi Ly‡j `vwo‡q †ckve Ki‡eb, wZwb ZvB Ki‡Z †M‡jb wKš‘ †Ui †c‡jb A‡b¶Y

†ckve K‡ibwb, AwaK Pv‡c †ckve Avm‡Z mgq wbj| ZLbB Zvi g‡b n‡jv †h GKBfv‡e

Kv‡Rg Avjxi †ckve cvIqvi K_v A_P Kv‡Rg Avjx †m K_v e‡jwb GL‡bv ch©š—, Lvivc jv‡M

†f‡e mgvavb LyR‡Z †h Kv‡Rg Avjxi gZ †jv‡Ki †ckve ev cvqLvbv Kievi †mB e¨e ’v G

evwo‡Z Av‡Q wKbv, †ckv‡ei AwaK Pv‡c †jL‡Ki †Pv‡L cvwb G‡jv|

evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i RbwcÖq †jLK cvRvgv †Kvgi †_‡K bvwg‡q A½ K‡gv‡Wi w`‡K myUvi

wbq‡g Uv‡M©U K‡i So So k‡ã mxwgZ R‡j dvbv Zz‡j njy`vf R‡jv”Qv‡mi ˆZix Ki‡jb,

Zv‡Z †hvM n‡Z PvBj Av‡iv KÕ‡dvUv Rj, †PvL †_‡K hvi Drm, AwaK †ckv‡ei Pvc I AZci

GKwU AÁvZ Kvbœvi Abyf~wZ| fve‡jb ev g‡b co‡jv jm G¨v‡Ä‡j‡mi nwjDW BDwbfvm©vj

÷zwWI‡Z †hgb K‡i †QvU cyKzi Lvwb‡Z †Kgb K…wÎg †XD Zz‡j UvBUvwb‡Ki gZ RvnvR Wywe‡q

†djv nq| ZLbB Zvi g‡b n‡jv wZwb Zvi †Kvb GK Dcb¨v‡mi bvg ivL‡eb K‡gv‡W So|

GB So †_‡g hvq hLb wKbv ¯¿x †QvU wPrKv‡i e‡jb †Zvgvi wK gv_v Lvivc n‡q‡Q

`vwo‡q †ckve KiQ| †jLK Avevi †ewi‡q Zvi wjwfs i“‡g P‡j hvb, Kv‡Rg Avjx‡K e‡jb

wKQy g‡b †b‡eb bv †`wi n‡q †Mj GKUz †ckv‡ei †eM †c‡qwQj, Avcbvi †ckve †c‡j e‡jb|

ZL‡bv GKnvZ †cvUjvi †fZ‡i Kv‡Rg Avjxi, †cvUjv †_‡K wK †hb †ei Ki‡Z Ki‡Z ejj,

bv Qvi Avgv‡Mvi gZb †jv‡Ki mvBe‡`i evwo‡Z ¸-‡gvZ‡bi gZb Kvg nib fvj bv, ûi“R

D`q A¯—vwã GKw`b bv ni‡j wKPy AB‡e bv‡b| XvKvq AvI‡bi Av‡M GB e¨vcv‡i GUUz †Uiwbs

w`wQ hv‡Z IB KZv ÔmvBe‡`i evwoÕ| †jLK AevK nb †jvKwUi Ávb †`‡L| Kvc‡oi †cvUjvi

†fZi †_‡K bZzb †QvU †cvUjv †m †ei K‡i| Avemvi nvmvb †`L‡Z _v‡Kb G †cvUjv †_‡K

wK †ei n‡”Q, KvM‡R †gvov‡bv y‡Uv †cvUjv GKUv AvqZ‡b AciwUi †P‡q †QvU| Kv‡Rg Avjx

cÖ_‡g eo †cvUjv †Lv‡j, Avemvi nvmvb †`L‡Z _v‡Kb Zvi †fZi †_‡K Pvi‡U AvUvi i“wU

†ei nq| ZLb Aek¨ †jL‡Ki eyS‡Z evwK _v‡K bv †h Aci †cvUjvq Ggb wKQy hv w`‡q †m

Zvi IB i“wU Lv‡e| Avemvi nvmvb Zvi Avm‡b wd‡i Av‡Mi gZ e‡mb, Qvi cwievi AvWvi

i“wU evbvBqv †`‡Q me e¨vjvi RB‡b¨, Av‡j`v Av‡j`v †cvUjv evbvBqv, j‡M wgWv w`qv †`‡Q,

LvRy‡ii wgWv, iIqv cov wPwbi jvnvb `vbv, †Svjv wgWv bv, wb‡Ri Mv‡Qi, wb‡RB MvQ KvUvwQ

16

wb‡RB ik jBwQ, k¨v‡gjv wewe Rvj w`qv ‡nBqvi wgWv evbvB‡Q| Avemvi nvmvb Rv‡bb G

cÖm‡½ Kv‡Rg Avjx wK ej‡e, †h mvBe‡`i evwo‡Z Zvi gZ nvBj¨v RvBj¨vi LvIqv DwPr bq

ZvB ¯¿x Zvi R‡b¨ i“wU evwb‡q w`‡q‡Q| Gev‡i †jLK Avemvi nvmv‡bi mwZ¨ †Ku‡` †dj‡Z

B‡”Q Ki‡Q GKwU gvby‡li Ggb me A™¢yZ e¨w³Z¡ I eyw×gËv †`‡L| wVK †mB gyn~‡Z© Kv‡Rg

Avjx e‡j, Qvi KB‡Z Aq ZvB KB, Lv‡qb Avgvi j‡M †Svjv wgWv Avi i“wW, wKš‘ Avn&g‡b‡`i

gZ eo †jvKivi GB me wRwbm bv LvIqvB fvj| G mgq Avi GKwU AevK KvÊ N‡U Zv n‡jv

†jLK ¯¿x wb‡R GKwU †Uª‡Z wKQy Lvevi wb‡q Av‡mb Kv‡Rg Avjxi R‡b¨| Zvi D‡Ïk¨ Lvevi

†L‡q nq‡Zv †jvKwU P‡j hv‡e| wKš‘ wZwb hLb †`L‡jb Kv‡Rg Avjx bvgK †jvKwU AvUvi

i“wU I ¸i Lv‡”Q Avi Zvi ¯^vgx ZvwK‡q †_‡K Zv †`L‡Q, ZLb ¯¿x AevK n‡jb, ¯^vgx‡K

ej‡jb †mwK Avwg‡Zv Ibvi R‡b¨ Lvevi wb‡q G‡mwQ| †jLK ¯^vgx ZLb ej‡jb, †Zvgvi

Lvev‡ii A‡c¶vq mviv c„w_ex †_‡g _v‡K bv Zv Gfv‡e †Pv‡Li mvg‡b bv †`L‡j †evSvi Dcvq

_vK‡e bv| ïay ivM I Avðh© nIqvi `„wó wb‡q ¯¿x ¯^vgxi w`‡K ZvKvq| nq‡Zv †m ZvKv‡bvq

cÖkœ wQj †K‡bvbv †jLK ZLb e‡jb, Rvwbbv Z‡e g‡b nq Dwb ej‡eb †h, I‡`i gZ nvBj¨v-

RvBj¨v †jvK‡`i mv‡ne‡`i evwo‡Z †L‡Z †bB| ¿x wKQy e‡jb bv KviY Zvi aviYv nq ¯vgx

wb‡RI ARvbv iv‡Mi wkKvi, ZeyI ¯^vgxi cv‡k e‡mb| ¯^vgx ‡Uwe‡ji Dc‡i ivLv Kv‡Rg

Avjxi Rb¨ Avbv Lvevi †_‡K †L‡Z ïi“ K‡ib, wZwb †R‡bB G KvR ïi“ K‡ib d‡j ¯¿x Awai

cÖkœ‡evaK I A_©en †Pv‡L ¯^vgxi †Pv‡L w`‡K ZvKv‡j ^vgx Zvi Dˇi ¿x‡K Ggb fve w`‡jb

†h, wZwb Rv‡bb G Lvevi ¸‡jv cy‡iv‡bv, cwZZ hv Kv‡Rg Avjxi R‡b¨ Avbv n‡q‡Q Ges hv

†Kvb µ‡gB ¯^vgx Avdmvi nvmv‡bi LvIqv DwPr bq| AZGe ¯¿xI †R‡b hvb Zvi ¯^vgx B‡”Q

K‡i IB Lvevi Lv‡”Q| G iKg mgq ¯¿xI AwfÁ nb †h wKfv‡e Kv‡Rg Avjx bvgK †jvKwU

†Uª‡Z ivLv cvwbi †Mjvm †_‡K Zvi †cZ‡ji M−v‡m †X‡j Zvi c‡i cvwb Lv‡”Qb| ¯^vgx Rv‡b ¯¿x

G `„k¨ †`‡L AevK n‡”Q ZvB Zvi D‡Ï‡k¨ ¯^vgx e‡j, mv‡ne‡`i M −vm bó n‡Z cv‡i e‡j Zvi

wbR¯^ M−v‡m Lv‡”Q, hw`I GB M−vm bó nIqvi wKQy bvB| †k‡li AskUv ¿x‡K ‡jL‡Ki ejvi

KviY wZwb Rv‡bb †h Kv‡Rg Avjxi R‡b¨ †h M −vm Avbv n‡q‡Q ZvI cwZZ I wbæ eY©xq

gvby‡li R‡b¨| ¿x †eva nq Avi mn¨ Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv, wZwb D‡V P‡j hvb| Kv‡Rg Avjxi

AvUvi i“wU LvIqv †kl nq, †kl nq †jL‡KiI hv wZwb Lvw”Q‡jb †mB †Uª †_‡K| Gici

Kv‡Rg Avjx Avevi ïi“ K‡i, KZ †h wRwbm cÎ ing wgw¯¿ I Zvi ¯¿x K`gwewe m‡½ wb‡q †bq

XvKvq †Q‡ji R‡b¨| im, i‡mi wcVv, ¸o, bvi‡Kj, †Zj, Av‡gi AvPvi, wPKb Pvj, †nb wKQy

17

bvB hv jIqv nq bvB| GgbwK bvwZb‡i gv_vq ivBL¨v ZvweR Zzgvi gv`wj I Z¨vbv LvZv, †ni

†Kvb wnmve bvB, †ewnmve| †jLK Avemvi nvmvb G K_v eySevi †Póv K‡i †h, KZ Av‡eM

†mB me wRwbmc‡Îi g‡a¨ hv ing wgw¯¿ Zvi †Q‡j, †Q‡j eD I m¤¢ve¨ bvwZ ev bvZwbi R‡b¨

XvKv wb‡q Avm‡Qb|

Kv‡Rg Avjx Avi GKevi cvwb Lvq, †cZ‡ji M−v‡mi w`‡K ZvwK‡q `¨v‡L †hb Gi

Av‡M Avi KL‡bv Ggb M −vm †m †`‡Lwb hv A_P wb‡RiB| ZyZ †`qv †e¸wb i‡½i cv †_‡K

†QvU MvgQv Lvbv †U‡b Zz‡j Kcvj I Nv‡ii Nvg †gv‡Q| hw`I ‡h NiwU‡Z †m e‡m Av‡Q Gqvi

KwÛkbvi Pj‡Q e‡j †mLv‡b †Kv‡bv Mig bvB | †m welqUv Kv‡Rg Avjxi †evSvi K_v bv, ïay

GK duv‡K e‡j, evB‡ii MigWv Avngbv‡Mv N‡ii gB‡`¨, nvb‡Z cv‡i bvq|

Avemvi nvmvb A‡c¶v Ki‡Z _v‡K Kv‡Rg Avjx KLb Zvi M‡íi Ae¯’vb j †_‡K

XvKvq wb‡q Avm‡e| Zvi GB A‡c¶vi ci-ciB Kv‡Rg Avjx †h K_vwU e‡j, Zv n‡jv Zviv

`yÕLvbv wiKkv wb†q A‡bK Ôgvj-mvgvbvÕ mn m`iNvU †_‡K Lwei wgqvi evmvq Av‡m| Lwei

wgqvi evmv m¤ú‡K© †Kvb ¯úó aviYv w`‡Z Kv‡Rg Avjx e¨_© nq wKš‘ Avemvi nvmvb bvbvfv‡e

cÖkœ K‡i hv aviYv Ki‡Z mg_© nq Zvn‡jv Lwei wgqv XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi GKRb wk¶K I

BKevj n‡ji nvDm wUDUi wQ‡jb| Avi w`b ¶b wQj Ewbk&k GKvËi mv‡ji cwP‡k gv‡P©i

`yÕGKw`b Av‡M| Lwe‡ii evev-gv‡K XvKvq w`‡Z G‡m Kv‡Rg Avjx cv‡ki MÖv‡gi ‡Kvb

GKR‡bi wLjMvI‡qi ‡g‡m hvq| avibv Kiv hvq IB mg‡qi ivR‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZi Dci

Kv‡Rg Avjxi cwi¯‹vi †Kvb †eva wQjbv †mUv Aek¨ †evSv hvq Zvi Av‡Mi GKwU K_v †_‡K|

‡mB K_vUv wQj GB iKg †h, Zviv MvI-†Miv‡gi †jvK Ô`¨vk-U¨vkÕ wK ÔcvwK¯—vb wR›`vev`Õ wK

GB me AZ wKQy Zviv †ev‡S bv †Kej Rq evsjv, ‡bŠKv gvK©v I k¨vL mvBe Qvov| wKš‘ †hB

iv‡Z cvwK —vwb wgwjUvwiiv XvKvq Ôjvq‡L-jvq‡LÕ †jvK †g‡i †d‡j IB ivZMZ w`‡b weKvj

†ejvq m`i NvU †_‡K Zvi j ewikv‡ji w`‡K Qvoevi K_v, †m Mªv‡g wd‡i hv‡e| wKš‘

Ae¯’v hZ LvivcB _vKzK Lwei †gqv, Zvi evev ingwgw¯¿ I ing wgw¯¿i ¯¿x K`gwewe†K bv e‡j

‡m MÖv‡gi †`‡k hvq wK K‡i|

Avemvi nvmvb Zvi Dcb¨v‡mi Dcv`vb mg~‡ni G ch©v‡q Dcjw× Ki‡Z cv‡i †h

ZvcgvÎv wbqš¿b hš¿ PvwjZ GB N‡i kix‡i Nv‡gi fvc Abyf~Z n‡”Q , Am¤¢e Mi‡g Mv‡qi

dZyqv Ly‡j †d‡jb, dZyqv Lyjevi Av‡M GKevi g‡b n‡qwQj Kv‡Rg Avjx‡K Aš—Z GKUz e‡j

†b‡eb| c‡i g‡b n‡jv Gi †Kvb gv‡b `vov‡e bv AZGe †Kvb f~wgKv Qvov Avemvi nvmvb Zvi

18

Mv‡qi dZzqv Ly‡j `yÕcv DwV‡q k³ n‡q †mvdvi Dc‡i e‡mb| hw`I H iKg Kw_Z ÔMÖvg¨Õ

wbq‡g evmvq emvi N‡ii †mvdvi Dci Zvi emevi AwaKvi †bB| wKš‘ GB gyn~‡Z© Kv‡Rg

Avjxi M‡íi gvÎv G ch©v‡q †cŠQvevi ci Avi Avemvi nvmv‡bi †mB fq _v‡K bv|

Kv‡Rg Avjxi KÉ GKUz GKUz Kv‡c hLb †m ej‡Z _v‡K, cvI †_vqvi RvMv bvB,

jv‡k‡i jvk, i‡³i eBb¨v, c‡ii w`b weqvb †ejv, Lwei wgqvi yqv‡ii †nv‡¤§, ‡m †_‡g Avevi

e‡j, yqv‡ii †nv‡æ A_©vr `iRvi mvg‡b ejevi c‡i Kv‡Rg Avjxi _vgevi Kvib Avemvi

nvmvb †ev‡Sb, †m Kvbœvi Av‡eK _vgv‡Z PvIqv| wKš‘ _v‡g wK, nvD gvD K‡i Kuv‡`- Qvi †n

KZv KI‡bi bv| gv_v bvovq, Avemvi nvmvb †mvdv †_‡K D‡V Kv‡Q wM‡q Kv‡Rg Avjxi Kv‡a,

wc‡Vi As‡ki w`‡K evg nvZ iv‡L| †mB nv‡Z Kv‡R‡gi Nv‡g †fRv Agm„b Pvgov Abyf~Z nq|

†jvbv Kv`v gvLv ai‡Yi, Zv‡Z wK, gvbweKZv c„w_ex †_‡K D‡V hvq wb, hv‡eI bv, Avemvi

nvmvb ey‡S †bb- †h‡nZz †m iv‡Z BKevj n‡j †Kvb cÖvYB i¶v cvqwb AZGe Kv‡Rg Avjx

†`L‡Z †c‡qwQj ing wgw¯¿, Lwei wgqv I Zv‡`i ¯¿xØq K`g wewe I †dŠwRqv Av³v‡ii ¸wjwe×

g„Z jvk| AZGe Avemvi nvmvb Kv‡Rg Avjxi wc‡V nvZ w`‡q Pvci Kv‡Ub Av`i K‡i e‡jb,

wVK Av‡Q Avcbv‡K Avi ej‡Z n‡e bv, Avwg ey‡S †b‡ev| Avemvi nvmv‡bi IB K_v ejevi

c‡i Kv‡Rg Avjx ¯¿xi Pzj Svoevi MvgQvLvwb gy‡L †P‡c a‡i gv_v bvov‡Z _v‡K Zv †hb

Avemvi nvmv‡bi IB K_vi †cÖw¶‡Z A_©vr ‡jL‡Ki GB †h ey‡S †bevi cÖwZkÖ“wZ †mB mxgvbvi

†cQ‡bI †hb Av‡iv wKQy _vK‡Z cv‡i Av‡iv wKQy Av‡Q hv nq‡Zv †jLK ey‡S wb‡Z cvi‡e bv

e‡j Kv‡Rg Avjxi avibv|

Qvi Avng‡b hv †gv‡b ni‡Qb †nBWv bv Lvwj| Avemvi nvmvb Avi Ab¨ wKQyB fve‡Z

cv‡i bv, fveevi K_vI bq, `iKviI c‡ibv KviY †K bv †ev‡S †h mevB wbnZ| Kv‡Rg Avjx

Zvi gyLgÛj †_‡K MvgQv mwi‡q bvK †U‡b cwi®‹vi K‡i, ZLbI †jLK Avemvi nvmv‡bi

Av`‡ii nvZLvbv Kv‡R‡gi Kva wbæ wc‡Vi Dci| AevK K‡i w`‡q AwZ VvÛv K‡É Kv‡Rg

Avjx e‡j− Qvi ¸wj − LvBqv †nBqvi e¨vZvq g‡b nq Lwei ‡gqvi cwiev‡ii ev”Pv ABqv M¨v‡Q|

Avemvi nvmv‡bi Awbqš¿‡Y KÉ †_‡K kã †ewi‡q co‡jv ÔwKÕ ? Kv‡Rg Avjxi wcV †_‡K Zvi

nvZ m‡i G‡jv, Pzjmn kix‡ii †jv‡gi Dci w`‡q GKwU So e‡q hvq, †mB S‡o †jv‡giv hw`

e„¶ wK gv‡Vi dmj nq Zv Dc‡i hvq S‡oi Zxe¨ evZv‡m, AÁv‡ZB †jLK Avemvi nvmvb

wbqš¿Ynxb k‡ãi K‡É Avevi cÖkœ ,K‡ib wK ej‡jb ? Kv‡Rg Avjx Avevi k¦vmi“×Ki wn°v

Zz‡j ejj Qvi GKUv †mvš—v‡bi Rb¥ nBqv wQj, KBb¨v †mvš—vb| Avemvi nvmv‡bi wPrKvi ï‡b

19

†fZi †_‡K ¿x I Kv‡Ri †jv‡Kiv †`Š‡o G‡j wZwb Zv‡`i w`‡K bv ZvwK‡qB mevB‡K Bkvivq

Pzc _vK‡Z e‡jb, `vov‡bv Ae ’v †_‡K †jLK †mvdvq Ggb fv‡e †f‡½ Pz‡o e‡m c‡ob †hb

mnmv †jL‡Ki ‡`n Zij n‡j c‡i Zv M‡j gvwU‡Z wg‡k †h‡Z Pvq| Qvi KBb¨v †mvš—vb,

Avgv‡Mv ‡Miv‡gi gvBqv †mvš—vb, †ni B¾Z ivL‡Z wb‡Ri MvgQvnvb w`qv XvBK¨v †`jvg,

gvBqv RyûZ‡Zv| Avemvi nvmv‡bi Kuv`‡Z B‡”Q Ki‡Q Dcb¨v‡mi bvUKxq Pwi‡Îi gZ| Kv‡Rg

Avjx Zvi †cvUjv †MvQv‡Z †MvQv‡Z A‡Sv‡i Kuv`‡Z _v‡K, †dvm †dvm k‡ã Zv Dcjw× Kiv

hvq, †cvUjvi †fZ‡i †mB †cZ‡ji †MjvmI XyKvq evB`vbxi hv yi †cvUjv †MvQvevi gZ K‡i|

Qvi Avn&g‡b g‡b ni‡Qb †Km&mvnvb k¨vl? †m jyw½i †cvUjvq Pvi ‡Kvbv wgwj‡q wMU w`‡Z

_v‡K, bv Qvi Avgv‡Mv †Miv‡gi gvBqv n¨vi jvk Avwg nvjvBqv hvB‡Z cvwibv, MvgQvq

‡gvovvBqv †nB jvk jBqv m`i Nv‡Wi w`‡K AvWv †`B| jq‡¶ jq‡¶ gvby m`i Nv‡W, KqRb

KB‡j, †gqv Zzwg cvMj †Zvgvi ewikvj hvB‡Z jvM‡e nvZw`b, †ni gB‡`¨ jvk cBP¨v hvB‡e,

†ni PvB‡Z eywoM½vi b`x‡Z fvmvBqv †`I| gyB wb‡R bv, †nivB fvmvBqv †`q| Qvi, Qvi †n

Avgv‡Mv KBb¨v mš—vb hvi bvg ing wgw¯¿ ivL‡Z PvBj&‡n m‡ivRxbx K`gwewe| m‡ivwRbx ABj

hvBqv Avevi B›`y `‡¤§I gvBqv, †ni †QvU mgq †hB gvBqv‡i fvj jvM‡R‡j| Kv‡Rg Avjx

†jLK Avemvi nvmv‡bi evmv †_‡K †ewi‡q c‡o| Avemvi nvmvb Rv‡b †h †m †h‡Z cvi‡e bv

wjd‡U AZGe ‡mI †cQ‡b †cQ‡b †ewi‡q c‡i wKš‘ Zvi nv‡Z Kv‡Rg Avjxi c −vw÷‡Ki RyZv

†Rvov| wZwb e‡jb Avcbvi RyZv †d‡j hv‡”Qb| wjd‡U DV‡Z DV‡Z Kv‡Rg Avjx e‡j Qvi

‡RvZv gyB nvjvBq w`gy Gnb, †nBw`b jvk Avi i‡³i gB‡`¨ AvUevi Av‡M ‡RvZv nvjvBqv

‡`j&nvg| bx‡Pi `v‡ivqvb‡`i gv_v Lvivc nIqvi `kv GB „k¨ †`‡L †h †jLK wb‡R GB

†jvKwUi †cQ‡b †cQ‡b Zvi RyZv nv‡Z †M‡Ui Kv‡Q P‡j Avm‡Q| †M‡Ui Kv‡Q `vwo‡q Kv‡Rg

Avjx ej‡Q Qvi †gviv MvI †Miv‡gi gvby, †gv‡Mvi Kv›`bWvI Kzw”QZ, †m †jL‡Ki nvZ †_‡K

RyZvUv wb‡q †`qv‡ji cv‡k †d‡j †`q, Zvici dzUcv‡Z †ewi‡q c‡i| †jLK Aby‡iva Ki‡Z

_v‡Kb Avcwb wK m`iNv‡U hv‡eb Avgvi WªvBfvi Avcbv‡K Mvwo K‡i w`‡q Avm‡e| Kv‡Rg

Avjx wKQyB †kv‡bbv Avemvi nvmvb wK ej‡Q| dzUcvZ a‡i †jLK IB Kv‡Rg Avjxi †cQ‡b

nv‡U, evwoi `v‡ivqvbiv Zv¾e n‡q Zv †`L‡Z _v‡K|

Kv‡Rg Avjx †cQ‡b bv ZvwK‡q e‡j Qvi GKUv KZv, †m Ny‡i `vovq, eywoM½vi Mvs‡M

m‡ivwRbx K`gwewei jvk fvmvBqv †`I‡bi ci `¨v‡k hvBqv IB MvgQv nvbvi Kqei ‡`B,

Avgv‡Mvi ‡bvjKSvo †Miv‡g IB KBb¨vi Kqei Av‡Q| GUzKz e‡j Avevi Kv‡Rg Avjx nv‡U,

20

Av”Qv e‡j †jLK Kv‡Rg Avjxi †cQ‡b nvUv Ae¨vnZ iv‡L, †Kb †h †jLK ZLb Zvi †cQ‡b

nv‡U Zv †m Rv‡bbv †hgb A‡bK wKQyB ‡m Rv‡bbv e‡j Zvi wewfbœ Dcb¨v‡m wj‡L‡Qb| Kv‡Rg

Avjx Avevi e‡j Qvi Av‡Qb bvwn, Avmj KZvWvB KIqv Aq bvq, Avemvi nvmvb gyn~‡Z© fv‡e

Gi g‡a¨ wK Avevi Avmj K_v ev` _vK‡Z cv‡i? Kv‡Rg Avjx Zvi nvUv bv _vwg‡q †cQ‡b bv

wd‡i e‡j Qvi IB KBb¨v mš—vb wKš‘ ‡Reš— ‡Rvb¥vBwQj, ‡ni Av½yj gy‡Li †fZ‡i Av†Qj hnb

Avwg n¨v‡i cvB, wKš‘ wgi‡Zv, giv, civb bvB| Avemvi nvmvb †kv‡b wKš‘ hv †kv‡b Zv wek¦vm

Ki‡Z cv‡i wKbv ‡evSv hvqbv; Avi Kv‡Rg Avjx wgi‡Zv K_vUvi ejvi ci _v‡g I `vovq,

Ny‡i †mvRv †jL‡Ki w`‡K ZvKvq, †jLK Dcjw× K‡ib GB `xN© Av‡jvPbvq Kv‡Rg Avjx

KL‡bv Zvi †Pv‡Li w`‡K ZvKvqwb, GB cÖ_g, ‡mB †PvL GLb GK A™¢yZ MfxiZvq cwZZ †PvL,

cjKnxb †mB †Pv‡Li MfxiZv wb‡q Kv‡Rg Avjx Avevi e‡j, giv, civb bvB|

‡jLK Avi Kv‡Rg Avjxi ‡cQ‡b nvU‡Z cv‡i bv| `v‡ivqvbiv `¨v‡L †jLK Avemvi

nvmvb iv —vq AvjMv cv‡qi Dci, yÕnvUz‡Z KbyB‡qi †cQ‡b fi †i‡L KbyB fv½v nvZ `y’†Uv

gv_vi `yÕcvk a‡i e‡m c‡i, †jvKwU †n‡U mvg‡b hvq, ¯^fveZB wKQy¶‡bi g‡a¨ †nW `v‡ivqvb

G‡m e‡j Qvi Avcbvi kixi Lvivc ? evmvq P‡jb|

Kv‡Rg Avjx‡K wb‡q GiciI †jL‡Ki w`K †_‡K A‡bK wKQyB Av‡Q| wKš‘ cÖavb K_v

n‡”Q Av‡gwiKv‡Z cÖevmx ev½vjx‡`i †fZ‡i Ggb GKwU †gŠwLK Mí †jLK e‡jwQ‡jb wbDB‡K©

Avi GK gd¯^jxq Kjvg j¨vL‡Ki †`vZvjv evmfe‡bi DPz ‡mvdvq e‡m Bwjk gvQ, gv¸i gvQ,

‰K, Mi“i gvsk, Lvkx, nvjvj wP‡Kb, Nb Wvj, ¸ov gvQ I BZ¨vw` me w`‡q ‡L‡Z-‡L‡Z|

Kw_Z Av‡Q Lvevi †k‡l Kjvg j¨vLK wZb ai‡bi Rym- Av‡cj, Kgjv I Av½yi im cwi‡ekb

K‡iwQj †Kbbv Mwe©Z Òev½vjx ag©cÖvb Amv¤cÖ`vwqK gymjgvbÓ wn‡m‡e †mLv‡b Ab¨‡Kv‡bv

ai‡bi ‡e‡n¯—x im wbwl× ev bvRv‡qR wQj| Av‡iv ‡kvbv hvq ‡KD GKRb bvwK Ô†jLKÕ

Avemvi nvmv‡bi Kv‡Q Kv‡Rg Avjxi cwibwZi K_v wR‡ÁmI K‡iwQ‡jv wKš‘ Ô†jLKÕ gvbyl

M‡íi c‡i Ab¨ wKQyi cÖwZ AvMÖn _vKv †jLK cÖ_v we‡ivax Ggb Bw½Z Kiv nq Zvi c¶ †_‡K,

ZvQvov †h gd¯^jxq ‡jLK GB Lvbv-wcbvi Av‡qvRb K‡i‡Q Zvi Kjv‡gI bvwK †jL‡Ki Lv`¨

ZvwjKv I Ab¨vb¨ me GgbwK ÕKwe ¸i“Õi †_‡K cwVZ ÕAvgv‡`i †Qv‡Uv b`xÕ Õ`¨vk wgm& Kivi

Mvbv ev`¨Õ hv‡K Zviv Õ`¨vk‡cÖgÕ e‡j Zvi me wKQyB ¯’vb †c‡jI XvKvq Qvcv nIqv IB Kjvg

j¨vLK Kv‡Rg Avjxi Mí ev bvg ¯’vb ‡`qwb, e¨vL¨vq GB weq‡qI Kjvg j¨vLK bvwK Zvi

†MvU eÜz cvwil`‡`i e‡jb ‡n‡j-Pvlvi K_v wb‡q †jLv‡jwL Ki‡j evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ Ggb †Kvb

21

jvf †bB, Zv‡Z weDwUUv bó n‡q hvq, BZ¨vw` GB RvZxq KZv evZ©v Zv‡`i g‡a¨ Pj‡Z _v‡K

hv mvavibZ cÖevmx weÁ I eyw×Rxex mgv‡R n‡q _v‡K|

22