Chapter 17: Section 1The Emancipation ProclamationMain Idea: In 1863, President Lincoln issued the

Emancipation Proclamation, which helped to change the war’s course. This was an important

step in ending slavery in the United States.

Vocabulary Emancipate- freeEmancipation Proclamation- ordered by

Abraham Lincoln on Sept. 22 , 1862 which freed all slaves in the confederate Territory; it went into effect on Jan. 1863

54th Massachusetts Regiment- African American group organized in the North that insisted on fighting without pay

One American StoryDuring the Civil War abolitionists still fought

against slavery Frederick Douglass fought strongly against

slavery Urged President Lincoln to emancipate

enslaved Africans Pointed out that the Confederate war effort

depended on slave labor End slavery became important goal in the

Civil War

Calls For EmancipationMany urged President Lincoln to abolish slaveryLincoln hesitated-

Didn’t believe he had the power to get rid of slavery where it already was

Didn’t want to anger the 4 states still in Union Knew most Northern Democrats and Republicans

opposed Emancipation disliked slavery but did not want to divide the Union

by getting rid of it 1862- made decision on emancipation because the

war was taking a terrible toll and if freeing the slaves helped weaken the south he would do it

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The Emancipation Proclamation Freed very few slaves because most lived in

distant areas from the Union troops that could enforce it

Declared what the south was doing was unconstitutional

Only freed slaves within south because constitution allowed it because could be seen as military action; not case for slaves in Union

North made Civil War into a war of liberation not a war to preserve the Union

Response to the Proclamation Abolitionists were thrilled Some people were upset Lincoln didn’t free all

enslaved person, including the border statesNorthern Democrats- thought proclamation

would only make the war longer by continuing to anger the south

Union soldiers welcomed Emancipation white southern reacted with rage because slaves

began to runaway into Union linesSlaves would deprive southern confederacy of

labor but provide Union with soldiers

African American SoldiersEmancipation freed slaves and gave African

American men a chance to fight in the armyFrederick Douglass argued recruitment of

African American soldiers since beginning of warBy the end of the war there were around

180,000 black soldiers in the army African Americans were usually given worst

tasks and were paid less than whites Still fought with courage and pride and often

didn’t accept pay because they didn’t want to accept lower wage

The 54th Massachusetts 54th Massachusetts Regiment- organized in the

North; group insisted on fighting without pay; one of the first Black regiment in the North

Frederick Douglass’ sons made the regiment the most famous of the Civil War

July 1863- led a heroic attack on Fort Wagner in South CarolinaSoldiers bravery made them famous and

increased African American enrollment Fought with high risk of being out back in slavery

War demanded sacrifice for everyone

Emancipation Proclamation Documenthttp://

www.archives.gov/exhibits/featured_documents/emancipation_proclamation/transcript.html