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Magnetic Reconnection 長長長長 MHD 長長長長長長長長長長長

Magnetic Reconnection

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Magnetic Reconnection. ー  MHD 的描像から粒子的描像へ -. 長井嗣信. Classical MHD steady magnetic reconnection. Sweet-Parker reconnection Petscheck reconnection reconnection rate. MHD magnetic reconnection simulation (T. Sato, 1979). Anomalous resistivity. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Magnetic Reconnection

Magnetic Reconnection

長井嗣信

ー  MHD 的描像から粒子的描像へ -

Page 2: Magnetic Reconnection

Classical MHD steady magnetic reconnection

Sweet-Parker reconnection Petscheck reconnection

reconnection rate

Page 3: Magnetic Reconnection

MHD magnetic reconnection simulation (T. Sato, 1979)

Anomalous resistivity

Page 4: Magnetic Reconnection

磁気中性線付近での荷電粒子の運動

S. W. H Cowley 1985

Page 5: Magnetic Reconnection

研究テーマ

MHD的描像の磁気リコネクションの確立

粒子的描像の磁気リコネクションの世界への発展

Page 6: Magnetic Reconnection

Classical MHD steady magnetic reconnection

Sweet-Parker reconnection Petscheck reconnection

reconnection rate

Page 7: Magnetic Reconnection

イオンと電子の運動を考慮した磁気リコネクションモデル

              粒子的描像

Page 8: Magnetic Reconnection

Geospace Environmental Modeling (GEM) Magnetic Reconnection Challenge (Birn et al. J. Geophys. Res., 2001)

Page 9: Magnetic Reconnection

B. U. O. Sonnerup (1979)

Ion-Electron Decoupling

イオンー電子の二流体による磁気リコネクションモデル

Page 10: Magnetic Reconnection

イオン慣性長程度でのスケールでの物理

Ion NOT frozen-in

Electron still frozen-in

Ion-Electron Decoupling (non-MHD)

Hall Effect

Page 11: Magnetic Reconnection

一般化したオームの法則で MHD で無視した項の役割

電子慣性項  電子圧力項  ホール項  異常抵抗項

eii

非対角成分  

1/2

e = c / pe     5.3/ n (/cc) km

i = c / pi 227/ n (/cc) km

V. M. Vasyliunas, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 1975

1/2

1/2

Page 12: Magnetic Reconnection

electron-ion+

electron

ion+

-

Magnetic field

electron diffusion region e

ion diffusion region i ~ 40 e

Ion-Electron Decoupling at the i Scale

Page 13: Magnetic Reconnection

electron-ion+

electron

ion+

-

Magnetic field

electron diffusion region e

ion diffusion region i ~ 40 e

j ホール電流

ホール電流系の形成

Page 14: Magnetic Reconnection

electron-ion+

electron

ion+

-

Magnetic field

electron diffusion region e

ion diffusion region i ~ 40 e

j ホール電流

ホール磁場 By < 0

ホール磁場の形成  4重極構造

Page 15: Magnetic Reconnection

electron-ion+

electron

ion+

-

Magnetic field

electron diffusion region e

ion diffusion region i ~ 40 e

ホール電場の形成

E

ExBで紙面向こうむきのドリフト (dawnward motion)

Page 16: Magnetic Reconnection

一般化したオームの法則で MHD で無視した項の役割

電子慣性項  電子圧力項  ホール項  異常抵抗項

eii

非対角成分  

1/2

e = c / pe     5.3/ n (/cc) km

i = c / pi 227/ n (/cc) km

V. M. Vasyliunas, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 1975

1/2

1/2

Page 17: Magnetic Reconnection

Energy = 1 keV B = 10 nT

Velocity Larmor Radius Period

Proton 440 km/s 460 km 6.6 sec

Electron 18800 km/s 11 km 0.004 sec

Proton 4600 sqrt(E) / B km 66 / B sec

Electron 110 sqrt(E) / B km 0.036 / B sec

Page 18: Magnetic Reconnection

地球磁気圏尾部での典型的物理量

1 RE = 6371.2 km 地球半径

磁気圏尾部  幅 40 RE            厚さ 10 RE

        磁場 20 nT             密度 0.3 /cc            温度 3 keV  イオン

Page 19: Magnetic Reconnection

磁気リコネクション領域での物理量

プラズマの厚さ  1 イオン慣性長

外部の磁場とプラズマ   20  n T             0.01 /cc    Alfvén 速度  4000 km/s

   ion inertial length 500 km i = V / i = c / pi

Page 20: Magnetic Reconnection

me/mi 1/100

Particles 33,554,432 (Av. 128 /grid)

Grid Size 512 x 512

Ion Inertial Length 32 gridsElectron Inertial Length 3.2 grids

Initial Current Thickness 0.5 i (Harris Current Sheet)Double-Periodic Boundary Conditions

Results at time i t = 18.0

2D Full Particle Simulations I. Shinohara

Page 21: Magnetic Reconnection

イオンの運動

電子の運動

イオンのアルフベン速度

電子のアルフベン速度

Page 22: Magnetic Reconnection

磁場の分布南北方向 Bz  

イオンの速度

電子の速度

Page 23: Magnetic Reconnection

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Magnetic field structure

Outflows (electron Vx and ion Vx)

Out-of-plane current(electron Vy and ion Vy)

Magnetic Reconnection Simulation

Page 24: Magnetic Reconnection

The Hall current systemCurrents and By

Page 25: Magnetic Reconnection

Cluster Observations Henderson et al., GRL 2006

EH the Hall electric field

JxB/en

Page 26: Magnetic Reconnection

Cluster Observations Henderson et al., GRL 2006

Edivp the electric field by div Pe

-div Pe /en

Page 27: Magnetic Reconnection

EH >> Edivp

EH

Edivp

Page 28: Magnetic Reconnection

Hall current

Geotail 1996/01/27 Va 2900 km/s n 0.02/cc B 19 nT Vi -2500 km/s Ve -4000 km/s

j 7.5 nA/m**2

Geotail 6-13 nA/m**2 Eh 10 mV/m

Cluster 2003/08/24 Jx 20 nA/m**2 Bz 2.7 nT

E hall 4.22 mV/m Vdrift 500 km/s

Henderson Ez hall 6 mV/m Ez Pe 1 mV/m

Page 29: Magnetic Reconnection
Page 30: Magnetic Reconnection

電子圧力の非対角成分による電場

i scale

Page 31: Magnetic Reconnection
Page 32: Magnetic Reconnection
Page 33: Magnetic Reconnection

磁気中性線付近での荷電粒子の運動

S. W. H Cowley 1985

Page 34: Magnetic Reconnection

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Ve x

Page 35: Magnetic Reconnection

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Ve y

Page 36: Magnetic Reconnection

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By

Page 37: Magnetic Reconnection
Page 38: Magnetic Reconnection
Page 39: Magnetic Reconnection

The simulation box size [−Lx/2,+Lx/2]×[−Lz/2,+Lz/2] Lx = 48D Lz = 24D

initial current sheet thickness D = 0.5λiΔ is equal to the Debye λi = 200Δ

The number of simulation grids 4800×2400

Particle number 1.5×10 particles for each species nCS Ti;CS/Te;CS = 5nBK = nCS Ti;BK = Te;BK = Te;CS

ion to electron mass ratio mi/me = 400

frequency ratio ωpe/Ωe = 4,ωpe ≡√4πnCSe2/me Ωe ≡ eB0/mec λi ≡ c/ωpi = c/√4πnCSe2/mi

The initial magnetic field the Harris sheet Bx(z) = B0 tanh(z/D) B0 the asymptotic magnetic field

D the current sheet half-thicknessThe perturbed magnetic flux function ψ(x, z) = ψ0 sin(2πx/Lx) cos(2πz/Lz)

B (x, z) = eˆy × ψ∇ (x, z)

at TΩi = 35 Vi x ∼ 0.3VA VA the Alfven speed B0/√4πminCS

9

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