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MAGHG:Monitoring and Assessment of GHG Emissions and
Mitigation Potentials in Agriculture:
Focus on GHG Emissions from organic soils
Funded by:
Riccardo Biancalani - MAGHG Team Climate, Energy and Tenure Division
Statistics DivisionMICCA Programme, FAO
Outline
• Context• Introduction to the project• Peatlands assessment methodology• Global results• An eye on Indonesia• Mitigation initiative• Conclusions and follow up
Emissions share per sector, AR4, all gases
AFOLU 30%
Source: IPCC 4th AR
Global greenhouse gas emissions 1970-2004
Context - 1 Agriculture is a key emitter in developing countries, and
a basis for climate mitigation relevant to food security
and sustainable development goals
UNFCCC. Only 2-3 reports per country over the past 20
years (Indonesia 1999 and 2011/2012)
Starting in 2014, have to report bi-annually to UNFCCC
Need to improve capacity to collect and analyze data for
assessing GHG emissions
Context - 2 NAMAs will need to be defined and detailed by many
countries in order to meet their international mitigation
commitments in line with sustainable use of their natural
resources
This will require the development of increased national
capacity, both technically and institutionally
Addressing different needs
1. Global and regional assessments
2. Fill data gaps and build capacity: a bridging tool for many
non-Annex I parties
3. Benchmarking and QA/QC analysis: internationally and
neutral data platform for evaluation of national reporting
4. Develop indicators for further analysis: coherency within
FAOSTAT data
FAOSTAT Emissions Database:In country Sectoral Comparisons: 2010
g G
CO
2 eq
/yr
Cultivated organic soilsDOMAIN CATEGORY
Agriculture
Enteric Fermentation
Rice Cultivation
Manure Management
Agricultural
soils
Synthetic Fertilizers
Manure applied to soils
Manure left on pasture
Crop residues
Cultivated organic soils
Biomass burning
Function of: Annual area of managed/drained soils Land cover Climate
Gas emitted:
N2O, CO2
IPCC/FAO (Histosols):1. Thickness of organic horizon greater than or equal to 10 cm. A horizon of
less than 20 cm must have 12% or more organic carbon when mixed to a depth of 20 cm.
2. Soils that are never saturated with water for more than a few days must contain more than 20% organic carbon by weight (i.e., about 35 percent organic matter).
3. Soils are subject to water saturation episodes and has either:a. At least 12 percent organic carbon by weight (i.e., about 20 percent organic
matter) if the soil has no clay; orb. At least 18 percent organic carbon by weight (i.e., about 30 percent
organic matter) if the soil has 60% or more clay; orc. An intermediate, proportional amount of organic carbon for intermediate
amounts of clay.
Definition
Utilization of geo-referenced data• Organic Soils (Histosols):
- Harmonized World Soil Database (FAO, IIASA, ISRIC, CAS, JRC - 2012)
• Cultivated (cropped) areas:- GLC 2000 (currently exploring MODIS 2001-2010)
• Climatic zones: - JRC map, 2010, according to IPCC prescriptions
World map of Histosols
Top ten countries
World distribution of cultivated histosols
Map of cultivated organic soils of Indonesia
FAOSTAT Emissions Database:Global emissions from cultivated organic soils
2010 Emissions (Tons/y)
CO2 N2O - CO2 eq
756,075,190 99,183,920
Total Emissions: ~855 Mt CO2eq
FAOSTAT Emissions Database:Top ten emitters for cultivated organic soils
MAGHG Capacity Development
Support developing countries assess and report their GHG emissions from agriculture, including assessment of mitigation options for identification of National actions (NAMAs) that can also lead to improvements in long term agricultural productivity, enhancing food security and increasing environmental sustainability.
Global 'Organic soils and peatlands climate change mitigation initiative'
• Aims: reduce emissions from peatlands & safeguard the other vital ecosystem services peatlands provide.
• Informal network• Online community for all interested –
contact [email protected]
Key resources
Updates: • grazing on peatlands • options for financing• options for MRVDownload: www.fao.org/
climatechange/micca/peatExecutive summary
Get more copies from [email protected]
Conclusions• Indonesia is by far the larger emitter from degraded
peatlands
• This means that there is wide scope for mitigation actions, including improved management and conservation of the remaining peatlands
• FAO MICCA/MAGHG supports capacity development on:– Data production and management/faostat– Definition of NAMAs in pilot countries
Next StepsFAO, with the MICCA program and the MAGHG project, has the
resources to enter into a collaboration on:– The exchange of information for the improvement of data
and mapping needed for national reporting, including use and improvement of FAOSTAT GHG
– The development of technical and institutional capacity for the production of the national reports (BUR) to the UNFCCC
– The identification of activities aimed at the implementation of the nationally established NAMAs
Thank youTerima kasih
http://faostat.fao.org/