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Multimedia:Types of media: Linear, Non LinearWWW: World Wide Web maintained & developed by World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)HTTP: Hyper Text Transfer Protocol is stateless request/response protocolRequest Format: Response Format:
METHOD URI Version Version Status-Code Status-PhraseAdditional-Headers Additional-HeadersMessage-Body Message-Body
Ex: GET http://www.google.com HTTP/1.1 HTTP/1.1 200 OK ServerHTTP methods: GET/ POSTHTML: Hyper Text Markup Language, collection of tags with format <token params></token>DHTML: Dynamic HTML with CSS (Cascading Style Sheet)XML: Extensible Markup Language: full structured language using DTD (Document Type Definition)XSL: XML Style Sheet for XML presentation: it is CSS for XML.XSL parts: XSL Transformations (XSLT), XML Path Language (XPath), XSL Formatting ObjectsSMIL: Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language for multimedia presentation using markup language. SMIL 2.0: is specified by XML using modularization, Language Profiles. SMIL tags: <par>, <audio>,<video>,<text>,<seq>Multimedia Components: Text, Image, Video, Audio, Graphics; Color components: Red, Blue, Green (Alpha)Types of Graphics/Image Representation: 1-bit/binary/monochrome image: 1 pixel or pel takes 1 bit with 2 colors (black (0), white (1))8-bit gray/ bitmap scale image: 1 pixel takes 8 bit bits with 256 colors (0-255),
Resolution: number of pixels in image; Aspect ration: ratio between width & height of image Ex: 4:3Frame buffer: used to store image in hardware.
24-bit image: 1 pixel takes 24 bits with (256)3 colors; but it takes 32 bits as R+G+B (24 bits)+ Alpha (8 bits)=328-bit color image: 1 pixel takes 8 bits with 256 selected colors using color histogram, with Color Look up Table.Image file formats:GIF: Graphics Interchange Format by UNISYS with GIF87a, GIF89a versions; GIF Components: GIF signature, Screen Descriptor, Global Color Map, Local Color Map, Image Descriptor, Raster Data, GIF terminator.JPEG: Joint Photographic Experts Group by ISOPNG: Portable Network Graphics; TIFF: Tagged Image File Format; EXIF: Exchange Image File;PS: Post Script PDF: Portable Document Format WMF: Windows Meta File BMP: BitMapColor models for Images: RGB (additive) for CRT displays, CMY (subtractive color model), CMYK for printersColor models for Videos: YUV for PAL video, YIQ for NTSC or TV broadcasting, YCbCr for digital video.Types of Video signals: (Analog and Digital)Component video: 3 lines(R, G, B), used YUV/ YIQ, no crosstalk, with more bandwidth, good synchronization.Composite Video: 2 lines (Chrominance/Color, Luminance/Intensity), uses YUV/YIQ, for VCRs.Super Video: 2 lines (luminance, composite signal), , more cross talk, low band width.Analog video types:NTSC video: by North America & Japan, with 30 fps, 525 scan lines, 6.0 MHz channel width, 4:3 aspect ratio.PAL Video: Phase Altering Line, by Germans, with 25 fps, 625 scan lines, 8.0 MHz channel width, 4:3 aspect ratio.SECAM video: Systeme Electronique Couleur Avec Memorie, 25 fps, 625 scan lines, 8.0 MHz channel width, 4:3.Digital Video types:Chroma Subsampling: 4:4:4, 4:2:2, 4:1:1, 4:2:0CCIR: Consultative Committee for International Radio, versions: CCIR 601, CCIR 601, CIF, QCIF; Digitization: Quantization, Sampling Sample Rate: number of samples per secondNyquest therom: falias=fsampling-ftrue or ftrue<fsampling<2xftrue
SNR: Signal to Noise Ratio; SQNR: Signal to Quantization Noise Ration;Basic Audio Compressing Techniques: PCM( Pulse Code Modulation), DPCM, DM (Delta Modulation)Audio File Formats: mp3, wavLossless Compression Techniques: RLC (Run Length Coding), VLC (Variable Length Coding), Huffman Coding, Shannon Fano Algorithm, Dictionary based Coding, Arithmetic Coding.Lossy Compression Techniques: DCT (Discrete Cosine Transforms), Wavelet Transforms.Video Compression Techniques: H. 261, MPEG1, MPEG2Video Formats: dat, avi, mpeg, 3gp, mp4,wmv
Action Script:.fla flash application file .as action script file .swfshockwave fileProcedure to create Flash application or Action script Class:File General Tab Flash Document Option Click OK for flash application.File General Tab ActionScript File Option Click OK for action script class.Procedure to set Class Path in flash application:Edit Preferences ActionScript ActionScript 2.0 Settings Add new class path in the dialog boxProcedure to create Symbol:Insert New Symbol Enter name of Symbol Type of symbol (Movie Clip/ Button/ Graphics) Click OKProcedure to create MovieClip:
1. Insert New Symbol Enter name of Symbol Type of symbol as Movie Clip Click OK2. Using createEmptyMovieClip(“mc”,1); function in the layer
Procedure to add image to library:FileImportImport to Library for loading image into library, WindowLibrary for opening library windowProcedure to add Textbox:
1. Using Text Tool on tool bar 2. Window Componets User InterfaceTextInput3. using this.createTextField(name,depth,x,y,w,h) function
Procedure to add User Interface Components (TextField, Button, TextArea, ScrollBar, ComboBox):Window Componets User InterfaceSelect required componet
Basic Data types: Number, String, Boolean, Array, Object, Date, arguments, System, Error, FunctionBuilt in Classes: MovieClip, Math, Color, Mouse, Button, Key, TextFieldMovieClip Class Methods:attachMovie(id:String, name:String, depth:Number) : MovieClipTakes a symbol from the library and attaches it to the movie clip.beginFill(rgb:Number, [alpha:Number]) : Void Indicates the beginning of a new drawing path.beginGradientFill(fillType:String, colors:Array, alphas:Array, ratios:Array, matrix:Object) : Void Indicates the beginning of a new drawing path.clear() : Void Removes all the graphics created during runtime.createEmptyMovieClip(name:String, depth:Number) : MovieClip Creates an empty movie clip as a child of an existing movie clip.
createTextField(instanceName:String, depth:Number, x:Number, y:Number, width:Number, height:Number) : TextFieldCreates a new, empty text field as a child of the movie clip on which you call this method.curveTo(controlX:Number, controlY:Number, anchorX:Number, anchorY:Number) : Void Draws a curve duplicateMovieClip(name:String, depth:Number, [initObject:Object]) : MovieClip Creates an instance of the specified movie clip.endFill() : Void Applies a fill to the lines and curves added since the last call to beginFill() or beginGradientFill().getURL(url:String, [window:String], [method:String]) : Void Loads a document from the specified URL into the specified window.gotoAndPlay(frame:Object) : Void Starts playing the SWF file at the specified frame.gotoAndStop(frame:Object) : Void Brings the playhead to the specified frame of the movie clip and stops it there.lineStyle(thickness:Number, rgb:Number, alpha:Number, pixelHinting:Boolean, noScale:String, capsStyle:String, jointStyle:String, miterLimit:Number) : Void Specifies a line style that Flash uses for subsequent calls to lineTo() and curveTo().lineTo(x:Number, y:Number) : Void Draws a line using the current line style from the current drawing position to (x, y).loadMovie(url:String, [method:String]) : Void Loads SWF or JPEG files into a movie clip in Flash Player.moveTo(x:Number, y:Number) : Void Moves the current drawing position to (x, y).nextFrame() : Void Sends the playhead to the next frame and stops it.play() : Void Moves the playhead in the Timeline of the movie clip.prevFrame() : Void Sends the playhead to the previous frame and stops it.removeMovieClip() : Void Removes a movie clip instance.setMask(mc:Object) : Void Makes the movie clip in the parameter mc a mask that reveals the calling movie clip.stop() : Void Stops the movie clip currently playing.unloadMovie() : Void Removes the contents of a movie clip instance.MovieCip Class Events:onEnterFrame = function() {} Invoked repeatedly at the frame rate of the SWF file.onKeyDown = function() {} Invoked when a movie clip has input focus and a key is pressed.onKeyUp = function() {} Invoked when a key is released.onLoad = function() {} Invoked when the movie clip is instantiated and appears in the Timeline.onMouseDown = function() {} Invoked when the mouse button is pressed.onMouseMove = function() {} Invoked when the mouse moves.onMouseUp = function() {} Invoked when the mouse button is released.onPress = function() {} Invoked when the user clicks the mouse while the pointer is over a movie clip.onRelease = function() {} Invoked when the mouse button is released over a movie clip.onRollOut = function() {} Invoked when the pointer moves outside a movie clip area.onRollOver = function() {} Invoked when the pointer moves over a movie clip area.Math Class Methods:abs(x:Number) : NumberComputes and returns an absolute value for the number specified by the parameter x.acos(x:Number) : NumberComputes and returns the arc cosine of the number specified in the parameter x, in radians.asin(x:Number) : NumberComputes and returns the arc sine for the number specified in the parameter x, in radians.atan(tangent:Number) : NumberComputes and returns the value, in radians, of the angle whose tangent.ceil(x:Number) : Number Returns the ceiling of the specified number or expression.cos(x:Number) : Number Computes and returns the cosine of the specified angle in radians.exp(x:Number) : NumberReturns the value of ex.floor(x:Number) : NumberReturns the floor of the number or expression specified in the parameter x.log(x:Number) : NumberReturns the natural logarithm of parameter x.max(x:Number, y:Number) : NumberEvaluates x and y and returns the larger value.min(x:Number, y:Number) : NumberEvaluates x and y and returns the smaller value.pow(x:Number, y:Number) : NumberComputes and returns x to the power of y.random() : NumberReturns a pseudo-random number n, where 0 <= n < 1.round(x:Number) : NumberRounds the value of the parameter x up or down to the nearest integer and returns the value.sin(x:Number) : NumberComputes and returns the sine of the specified angle in radians.sqrt(x:Number) : NumberComputes and returns the square root of the specified number.tan(x:Number) : NumberComputes and returns the tangent of the specified angle.Color Class Methods:getRGB() : NumberReturns the R+G+B combination currently in use by the color object.getTransform() : ObjectReturns the transform value set by the last Color.setTransform () call.setRGB(offset:Number) : VoidSpecifies an RGB color for a Color object.setTransform(transformObject:Object) : VoidSets color transform information for a Color object.Array Class Methods:concat([value:Object]) : ArrayConcatenates the elements with the elements in array and creates a new array.join([delimiter:String]) : StringConverts the elements in an array to strings, inserts the specified separator between the elements, concatenates them, and returns the resulting string.pop() : ObjectRemoves the last element from an array and returns the value of that element.push(value:Object) : NumberAdds one or more elements to the end of an array and returns the new length of the array.reverse() : VoidReverses the array in place.shift() : ObjectRemoves the first element from an array and returns that element.sort([compareFunction:Object], [options:Number]) : ArraySorts the elements in an array.toString() : StringReturns a string value representing the elements in the specified Array object.unshift(value:Object) : NumberAdds one or more elements to the beginning of an array and returns the new length of the array.