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Remews 803have been soatysed in much greater detail. Similariy.
he overstates the significiance(rf'the autonomous thewy of ar t:
the evidence erf" his own discussion points to a
basicanti^autontmnous cmfisensus throughout this { riod, from
Menxel's m obilixaiimt ofthe Enlightenment m od d of itei^tu re
against Young Germany to the conservatives'stress on art's mcnaiiy
edticative role. Indeed, the volume as a whole conveys thedktinct
impression that the dominant paradigm in the literary public sphere
from1730 to 1870 was p ragm atic or Enlightened, ratho- than
autonom ous or Classical-Ronnantic, K> much so thai autonomous
aesthetics was an anomaly which did notinitiate a paradigm shift in
conceptions of literature and criticum rven in the
heyday(rf'modernism.Th is latter point comes across particularly
forcefully in Russell Berman's essay.Despite the rise of
aesthetidsm in the late tiineteenth century. Imperial Germanyand
the Weimar Republic were dominated by politicized models erf"
critidsm. Thisperiod in German history is esp:ially complex and
contentious in political andcultural terms, not least because of
the emergent mass appeal of Marxism andfascism, and Professor Berm
an's valiant attempt to assimilate its wide-ranging
andcontradictor)' trends ultimately founders. More than any other
contributor to thisvolum e, he is faced by an unsurveyable excess
of material, but his lack of any clearsodohistorical perspective
means that although he engages in some superb analysesof individual
critics and essays, as a whole his chapter fragments into that
feuille-tonistic impressionism castigated by late
nineteenth-century conservatives. 'Thebourgeois institution of
literary criticism saves itself by fleeing into a system offkmotis
personalities'. Russell Berman observes, and a similar case can be
madeagainst his own focus on Frenzel, K err, and Benjamin, instead
of sodologically anddiscursively representative tendencies of the
age. On the other hand, it is doubtfulwhether any one investigator
could deal adequately wilh the picthora of materialproduced from
1870 to 1933. and in the final essay Bemhard Zimmermann has
theconsiderable advan tage ofbeing able to specify three m ain
historico-political areasof inquiry: literary c ritidsm in the
National Socialist period, the Federal Republic,and the GD R. At
the same time. Professor Zimm ermann holds more rigoroush '
thanother contributors to Peter Hohendahl's methodological
prescriptions, and suc-ceeds in dem onstrating throughout his
chapter 'how criticism as an institution (as asubsystem of art as
an institution) "changes not only its outward
manifestations(attitudes, judgments) but also in its basic
structure (organization, social institu-tions, character of the
public) and moreover in conjunction with the changingconditions of
production"'. This appntach is well exemplifini in his
judiciousaccount of antt-fasdst critidsm in exile, as he skilfully
intertwines analysis of keydebates, major figures , individual
essays, and sodopolitical a )ntexts . It may well bethat th volume
as a whole will twt 'serve as a model for a new aptproach to
literaryhistory in America and elsewhere', but the contributions of
Peter Hohendaht andBem hard Zimm erman in particular certainly set
the agenda for any approach to thehistory of literature or critidsm
which wishes to claim theoretical or
methodologicalsophistication.
or NOTTINGHAM STEVE GitES
Verbal Morphoiegy: A StrucUirai Analysis. By MARX. J . E U O N .
ColumbuOhio: Slavica. 1989. 147 pp. I '4 .95-
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ReviewsI sympathize with the author. H e wrote the wcwk some
years ago a i ^ roust havebeen severely constrained in the matter
'riUic as well as in transliteration. I ana sure, however, that
much of this wasb ^ o n d his control.iTie work will certainly be
helpful to those interested in theoretical m orphology.Essentially,
the au thor looks into the relevance of linguistic change in a
synchrooicstudy of the standard form o f a language, using as
starting-point what may be apsychologically real system. In
hisfirstchapter, 'Prdim inane s', he emphasizes thathis
contribution is vojustijfy a description which may have
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