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MODELS & STRATEGIES FOR ASSESSING INSTITUTIONAL
LEARNING OUTCOMES
Ashley Finley, Ph.D
Senior Director of Assessment & Research, AAC&U
National Evaluator, Bringing Theory to Practice
Kutztown University
January 19, 2012
LEARNING-CENTERED ASSESSMENT:
WHY ARE WE HERE?
What are you doing?
Why are you doing it?
How do you know you’re doing it well?
What does it mean to be learning-centered at KU?
What practices promote and advance student learning?
How pervasive are these? What is the change you
want to see in your students when they leave the institution?
What are the foundational skills and competencies students should acquire throughout their learning experiences?
What are the effective approaches for implementing a cycle of inquiry and improvement?
THE NATIONAL WORK ON LEARNING-CENTERED ASSESSMENT, LIBERAL EDUCATION OUTCOMES, & GENERAL EDUCATION
Liberal Education: A philosophy of learning that empowers & prepares individuals to deal with complexity, diversity, & change. = Broad knowledge combined w/ in-depth study To help students develop a sense of social
responsibility, strong & transferable intellectual and practical skills & a demonstrated ability to apply knowledge.
Vast majority of institutions have articulated learning outcomes
ANY institution can achieve the goals of a liberal education – 3 Major National Initiatives Compass Project (State University Systems – CA, OR, WI) Quality Collaboratives VALUE Rubric Project
WHAT EMPLOYERS SAY ABOUT LIBERAL EDUCATION SKILLS:
88%
88%
90%
91%
% of Employers who agree with each statement
• Our company is asking employees to take on more responsibilities and to use a broader set of skills than in the past
• Employees are expected to work harder to coordinate with other departments than in the past
• The challenges employees face within our company are more complex today than they were in the past
• To succeed in our company, employees need higher levels of learning and knowledge today than they did in the past
Source: Raising the Bar (AAC&U, 2010)
70%
70%
71%
75%
75%
79%
81%
89%
% of Employers who agree that two- and four-year colleges should place MORE emphasis on helping students develop
the following:
Effective oral/written communication
Critical thinking/ analytical reasoning
Knowledge/skills applied to real world
settings Analyze/solve complex
problemsConnect choices and
actions to ethical decisions
Teamwork skills/ ability to collaborate
Ability to innovate and be creative
Concepts/developments in science/technology
Source: “Raising the Bar: Employers’ Views on College Learning in the Wake of the Economic Downturn” (AAC&U and Hart Research Assoc. 2010)
52%
57%
57%
63%
65%
67%
68%AND IN THESE AREAS…
Locate/organize/evaluate information
Understand global context of situations/ decisions
Global issues’ implications for future
Understand & work with numbers/statistics
Understand role of U.S. in the world
Knowledge of cultural diversity in US/world
Civic knowledge, community engagement
“Raising the Bar: Employers’ Views on College Learning in the Wake of the Economic Downturn” (AAC&U and Hart Research Assoc. 2010)
0
30,000
60,000
q1(low) q2 q3 q4 q5(high)
earn
ings
quintiles
Mean Earnings: Use of Speaking Skills
Earni…
Source: Georgetown University, Center for Education and the Workforce (Anthony Carnavale)
HOW MUCH DOES A LIBERAL EDUCATION PAY?: “IMAGINATION IS MORE IMPORTANT THAN KNOWLEDGE”
-ALBERT EINSTEIN
0
30,000
60,000
q1(low) q2 q3 q4 q5(high)
earn
ings
quintiles
Mean Earnings: Use of Originality
Earnings
Source: Georgetown University, Center for Education and the Workforce
0
35,000
70,000
q1(low) q2 q3 q4 q5(high)
earn
ings
quintiles
Mean Earnings: Use of Judgement & Decision-Making Skills
Earnings
Source: Georgetown University, Center for Education and the Workforce
0
30,000
60,000
q1(low) q2 q3 q4 q5(high)
earn
ings
quintiles
Mean Earnings: Use of Social Skills
Earnings
Source: Georgetown University, Center for Education and the Workforce
Content Outcomes
Learning Outcomes
•Theoretical traditions•Methodology•Topical areas
How do we assess these?• Course Exams•Course Papers•Individual/ Group course projects•In-Class work/ participation
•????•????•????
Articulating Student Learning and Development
Kutztown Mission: “provide a high quality education at the undergraduate and graduate levels in order to prepare students to meet lifelong intellectual, ethical, social, and career challenges.”How do we assess these?
• Knowledge of Human Cultures & the Physical &
Natural World• Content areas
• Intellectual & Practical Skills
• Inquiry & Analysis• Critical & Creative Thinking
• Written & Oral Comm.• Reading
• Quantitative Literacy• Information Literacy
•Teamwork & Problem-solving• Personal & Social Resp.
• Civic Knowledge• Intercultural Knowledge &
Competence• Ethical Reasoning• Lifelong Learning
• Integrative & Applied Learning
Gen.Ed./ Major
Institutional Outcomes
•Goal 1: Cultivate intell. & pract. skills• Inquiry & Analysis• Decision making• Written & Oral Communication• Quantitative Literacy• Information Literacy• Teamwork & problem solving• Wellness• Practiced throughout curr, w/ progressively
more challenging probs, projects & standards
•Goal 2: Develop understanding of human cultures & physical and natural world• Sciences, mathematics, social sciences,
humanities, histories, languages, arts • Engage w/ big questions, contemp. &
enduring•Goal 3: Sense of personal & social resp.• Local/Global civic knowledge • Intercultural knowledge & competence• Ethical reasoning & action• Personal qualities & attitudes (passion,
curiosity, self-confidence, imagination, cooperation, commitment, support)
• Active inv. w/diverse comm. & real world chall.
Learning Outcome
s
Assess Learning Outcome
s
What is the story you want to tell about student learning?
Learning Outcome
s
Assess Learning Outcome
s
What is the story you want to tell about student learning?
Basic Logic Model
INPUTSResources are needed
for activities –
What is needed to
start or keep
something going?• Human• Financial•Technological• Curricular/
Program
ACTIVITIES
Actions or processes
necessary to produce outputs –
What activities need to occur to produce
evidence?
OUTPUTS
Products used to assess
outcomes - What can
be counted as evidence of change?
OUTCOMES
Expected Changes and
Benefits –What are the
goals you want to reach?
• Short-term
• Intermediate• Long-term
Assumptions
OUTCOMES• Goals &
Domains of Learning
• Understanding of human cultures…
• Intellectual and practice skills• Critical
thinking• Personal &
Social Responsibility• Civic
engagement
Sample Logic Model INPUTS•GE•Depts.•Advising•Writing Center•Stud. Aff.•Health & Wellness Center•Alumni Engagement•Multicult. Services•Athletics•Distance Ed•Career Services•Inst. Res.
ACTIVITIES•Experiential learning•Civic learning•Interaction
OUTPUTS•Signature assignments•Reflection papers•Group projects•Community-based projects
•Engagement in life’s big questions•Practiced extensively & progressively•Active involve. In diverse comm. & real-world challenges
VALUE PROJECT (WWW.AACU.ORG/VALUE)
Project Goals 1) Create dialogue and develop shared understanding of
common learning outcomes 2) Create template for direct assessment of student work
(in text and non-text formats) 3) Create student-friendly format to engage students in
self-evaluation Rubric Development
Teams of faculty/scholars nationwide Reviewed existing rubrics to identify commonalities,
clarify language, and develop broad agreement on outcomes criteria (openedpractices.org)
To date accessed by over 3000 institutions/organizations, 11,000 individuals Domestic & international, K-12, state systems
Reliability study
LIST OF VALUE RUBRICS Knowledge of Human
Cultures & the Physical & Natural Worlds Content Areas No Rubrics
Intellectual and Practical Skills Inquiry & Analysis Critical Thinking Creative Thinking Written Communication Oral Communication Reading Quantitative Literacy Information Literacy Teamwork Problem-solving
Personal & Social Responsibility Civic Knowledge &
Engagement Intercultural
Knowledge & Competence
Ethical Reasoning Foundations & Skills
for Lifelong Learning Integrative &
Applied Learning Integrative &
Applied Learning
THE CALIBRATION TRAINING PROCESS
Scoring Steps: Review rubric to familiarize yourself with structure,
language, performance levels Ask questions about the rubric for clarification or to
get input from others regarding interpretation Read student work sample Connect specific points of evidence in work sample
with each criterion at the appropriate performance level (if applicable)
Calibration Steps: Review scores Determine common score(s) Hear from outliers Discuss Determine final score
THE GROUND RULES
This is not grading. We are not changing the rubric (today). Our work is time sensitive. Go with your
instinct. Think globally about student work and about
the learning skill. Think beyond specific disciplinary lenses or content.
Start with 4 and work backwards. Pick one performance benchmark per criterion. Avoid “.5”.
Zero does exist. Assign “0” if work does not meet benchmark (cell one) performance level. N/A exists. Assign “not applicable” if the student work is not intended to meet a particular criterion.
SIGNATURE ASSIGNMENTS
Assignment should enable attainment of criteria Break down criteria to determine key components for
assignment
What should students do with content to meet criteria? E.g. What are the pieces to be analyzed, compared,
integrated?
Will the assignment be used for more than one outcome?
What are the types of assignments that will be most helpful for allowing students to demonstrate competency?