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7/25/2019 m 06 p 03 Microbial Fuelcells
1/24
R. ShanthiniSource: http://parts.mit.edu/igem07/images/2/2d/Fuelcell.JP
!icrobial
Fuel "ells
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R. Shanthini
anode
cathode
!icrobial
Fuel "ells
Source: http://parts.mit.edu/igem07/images/2/2d/Fuelcell.JP
7/25/2019 m 06 p 03 Microbial Fuelcells
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R. Shanthini
#n anode and a cathode are connected b$
an e%ternal electrical circuit&
and separated
internall$ b$ an ion
e%change membrane.
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R. Shanthini
!icrobes gro'ing in the anodic chamber
metaboli(e a carbon substrate )glucose in this
case* to produce energ$ and h$drogen.
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R. Shanthini
+$drogen generated is
reduced into h$drogenions )proton* and
electrons.
"6+12,6- 2+2, 2"+",,+ - 2",2- +2
or
"6+12,6 "+"+2"+2",,+ - 2",2- 2+2
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R. Shanthini
lectrons are transerred to the anodic electrode&
and then to the e%ternal electrical circuit.
3he protons
mo4e to the
cathodiccompartment
4ia the ion
e%change
channel andcomplete the
circuit.
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R. Shanthini
3he electrons and protons liberated in the reaction
recombine in the cathode.
5 o%$gen is to be used
as an o%idi(ing agent&
'ater 'ill be ormed.
#n electrical current
is ormed rom thepotential dierence
o the anode and
cathode& and po'er
is generated.
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R. Shanthini
3he anode and cathode electrodes are composed o
graphite& carbon paper or carbon cloth.
3he anodic chamber is
illed 'ith the carbon
substrate or the microbes
to metaboli(e to gro' and
produce energ$.
3he p+ and buering
properties o the anodic
chamber can be 4aried to
ma%imi(e microbial gro'th&
energ$ production& and
electric potential.
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R. Shanthini
aborator$ substrates are acetate& glucose& or lactate.
Real 'orld substrates include 'aste'ater and landills.
Substrate concentration&
t$pe& and eed rate can
greatl$ aect the
eicienc$ o a cell.
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R. Shanthini
!icrobes should be anaerobic )ermentati4e t$pe*
because anodic chamber must be ree o o%$gen.
!icrobes tested are:
E. coli
Proteus vulgaris
Streptococcus lactis
Staphylococcus aureus
Psuedomonas methanica
Lactobacillus plantarium
)!an$ o these species
are no'n human
pathogens& and pose a
potential saet$ ha(ard.*
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R. Shanthini
!icrobes should be anaerobic )ermentati4e t$pe*
because anodic chamber must be ree o o%$gen.
Some bacteria& lie
Clostridium cellulolyticum&are able to use cellulose
as a substrate to produce
an electrical output
bet'een 1.89.2m;/m2& depending on the
t$pe o cellulose.
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R. Shanthini
Proton %change !embrane )P!*
3he P! acts as the barrier bet'een the anodic and
cathodic chambers.
5t is commonl$ made rom pol$mers lie
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R. Shanthini
Real8lie !F"
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R. Shanthini
Real8lie !F"
3he !F" sho'n in this tabletop setup can
tae common sources o organic 'astesuch as human se'age& animal 'aste& or
agricultural runo and con4ert them into
electricit$ )>iodesign 5nstitute*.
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R. Shanthini
Real8lie !F"
Fuel cells lie this are no' used b$ a
leading =? bre'er$ to test the acti4it$ o
the $east used or their ales.
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R. Shanthini
Real8lie !F"
3he blac bo%es arranged in a ring o therobot are !F"s& each generating a e'
micro'atts o po'er& enough to uel a
simple brain and light8seeing beha4iour in
co>ot855.
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R. Shanthini
(http://microbialfuelcell.org).
http://microbialfuelcell.org/http://microbialfuelcell.org/http://microbialfuelcell.org/7/25/2019 m 06 p 03 Microbial Fuelcells
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R. Shanthini
"on4entional
Fuel "ells
+$drogen is the uel orProton %change
!embrane)P!* uel cells.
#t the anode&a platinum catal$st
causes the h$drogen
to split into
positi4e h$drogen ions
)protons* and
negati4el$ charged
electrons.
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R. Shanthini
3he Proton %change
!embrane )P!* allo's
onl$ the positi4el$ charged
h$drogen ions )protons* to
pass through it to thecathode.
3he negati4el$ charged
electrons must tra4el alongan e%ternal circuit to the
cathode& creating an
electrical current.
"on4entional
Fuel "ells
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R. Shanthini
#t the cathode&
the electrons and
positi4el$ chargedh$drogen ions
combine 'ith o%$gen
to orm 'ater&
'hich lo's out o the cell.
"on4entional
Fuel "ells
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R. Shanthini
Po'er is produced b$ an electrochemical process not
b$ combustion
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3he electrodes are composed o platinum particlesuniorml$ supported on carbon particles. 3he platinum
acts as a catal$st.
Pol$mer lectrol$te !embrane )Proton %change
!embrane* is a thin& solid& organic compound.+$drogen or the uel cell is produced rom ossil uel
at present )so ",2emissions are part o h$drogen
energ$*.
Po'er8plant8to8'heel eicienc$ o 22@ i the h$drogenis stored as high8pressure gas& and 17@ i it is stored as
liBuid h$drogen
+$drogen transportation and reuelling
"on4entional
Fuel "ells
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R. Shanthini
3echnological status Proton %change !embrane )P!*Fuel "ells*: commercial in nichemarets
Solid ,%ide Fuel "ells )S,F"*: maretentering phase in niche maretsC
Possible ad4erseeects
disposal o 'orn8out uel cells
"on4entional
Fuel "ells