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research for a sustainable future
Lower Mekong Fish Passage Initiative:
MASTERCLASS IN FISH PASSAGE ENGINEERING DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, ECOLOGY AND MONITORING
Report prepared for the Crawford Fund
Lee BaumgartnerMichael Roy
Kulthida (Ann) Techasarin
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Fish Passage Masterclass
Lower Mekong Fish Passage Initiative: MASTERCLASS IN FISH PASSAGE ENGINEERING DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, ECOLOGY AND MONITORING Funding provided by USAID, Crawford Fund and Mekong River Commission Lee Baumgartner, Mike Roy and Ann Techasarin Cataloguing in Publication provided by the Institute for Land, Water and Society (ILWS) Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW, 2640. To be cited as: Baumgartner LJ, Roy M and Techasarin K. (2019). Lower Mekong Fish Passage Initiative. Masterclass in Fish Passage Engineering, Design, Construction, Ecology and Monitoring. 18 pp. Contact details Dr Lee Baumgartner Institute for Land, Water and Society, Charles Sturt University PO Box 789 Albury, NSW 2640 Email: [email protected] Tel: +61 427 070 056 Disclaimer Information contained in this report has been formulated with all due care, CSU does not warrant or represent that the report is free from errors or omission, or that it is exhaustive. CSU disclaims, to the extent permitted by law, all warranties, representations or endorsements, express or implied, with regard to the report including but not limited to, all implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, or non-infringement. CSU further does not warrant or accept any liability in relation to the quality, operability or accuracy of the report. The report is made available on the understanding that CSU and its employees and agents shall have no liability (including but not limited to liability by reason of negligence) to the users of the report for any loss, damage, cost or expense whether direct, indirect, consequential or special, incurred by, or arising by reason of, any person using or relying on the report and whether caused by reason of any error, omission or misrepresentation in the report or otherwise. Users of the report will be responsible for making their own assessment of the information contained within and should verify all relevant representations, statements and information. Furthermore, whilst the report is considered to be true and correct at the date of publication, changes in circumstances after the time of publication may impact upon the accuracy of the presented information. Sponsored by
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Fish Passage Masterclass
Purpose:
The goal of this masterclass was to provide engineers and fishery managers from Irrigation and Fisheries Ministries throughout the five Lower Mekong nations with the information needed to design and construct effective fish passes for upstream migrating fish at irrigation infrastructure.
The second goal was to build connections between irrigation and fisheries practitioners, to better utilize both skillsets in fish pass design and construction.
1. Australian instructors:
• Lee Baumgartner, Charles Sturt University
• Martin Mallen-Cooper, Charles Sturt University
• Tim Marsden, Australasian Fish Passage Services
• Bethany Cooper, University of South Australia
• Lin Crase, University of South Australia
• John Conallin, Charles Sturt University
2. U.S. Department of the Interior instructors:
• Michael Roy, Senior Technical Advisor, Smart Infrastructure for the Mekong Program
• Bill Rice, Fish Passage Engineer, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
• Jason Riley, Project Manager, DOI-ITAP
• Wayne Stancil, Fish Passage Engineer, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (retired)
• Kulthida (Ann) Techasarin, Regional Coordinator, Smart Infrastructure for the Mekong Program
3. Activities carried out and timeline:
The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), United States Agency for International Development (USAID) through the Smart Infrastructure for the Mekong (SIM) Program, and in partnership with, the Mekong River Commission (MRC), and The Crawford Fund jointly funded and implemented this masterclass (Appendix 1).
A total of 52 practitioners from fisheries and irrigation ministries from Cambodia, Lao PDR (including participants from National University of Laos (NUOL)), Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam attended the workshop, along with representatives from Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC), the MRC Secretariat, and the National Mekong Committees from each nation (Appendix 2).
The workshop was held at SEAFDEC’s Training Center in Samut Prakarn, Thailand from November 13-16, 2018.
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Fish Passage Masterclass
Date/Time November 13, 2018 Purpose: Workshop Day 1
• Day 1 of the workshop began with welcomes from Mike Roy, Lee Baumgartner, Christina Velez- Srinivasin, and Deputy Director General Akito Sato from SEAFDEC, and then moved on to providing broad background on the concept of and need for fish passage through irrigation facilities, largely to ensure that irrigation participants had adequate information to interact successfully with fisheries colleagues.
• Each national team then presented a case study of a previously selected site in their nation where fish passage was needed; this site would be used in round-table design sessions throughout the week.
• The afternoon featured sessions on the fish passage design process, including essential data for design, fishway entrance and exit design, and case studies of good and bad entrances and exits.
• At day’s end, all participants travelled by bus to a nearby restaurant for a group dinner.
• After dinner, all returned to the 14 Residence Hotel, which is located 10 km from SEAFDEC. The bus and vans would be used for daily transport to and from the Training Center.
Photo 1: Christina Velez-Srinivasin from USAID RMDA welcomes the group.
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Fish Passage Masterclass
Date/Time November 14, 2018
Purpose: Workshop Day 2 • Day 2 of the workshop focused on the various fish pass design options available and the
decision process used to select the appropriate design. Fish pass types include vertical slots, cones, trapezoid weirs, and rock ramps.
• Each is effective under certain hydrological regimes and to pass certain fish species or sizes; fishway costs also vary substantially.
• The afternoon finished with presentations on fish passage at road crossings, and a discussion on the concept of attraction flow, a critical need to ensure that fish are able to identify the fish pass entrance.
• Throughout the day, breakout sessions allowed the national teams to begin development, with trainer assistance, of an appropriate design for their selected site.
Photo 2: Bill Rice presents an ‘Introduction to Fish Passage’ on Day 1.
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Fish Passage Masterclass
Date/Time November 15, 2018 Purpose: Workshop Day 3 • Day 3 began with national team presentations of their completed fishway designs and
continued with discussions of fishway research techniques and monitoring program design.
• Each team arrived at a functional design and engineers worked with instructors to refine the technical nuances.
• The team then switched to research and monitoring, and performed a series of structured activities and lectures.
• The day ended with a visit to SEAFDEC’s experimental flume, where participants observed native species ascending the fishway.
Photo 3: The Thai team hard at work on fish pass design.
Photo 4: The Vietnamese team presents its fish pass design.
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Fish Passage Masterclass
Date/Time November 16, 2018
Purpose Workshop Day 4 • The final day of the workshop featured the construction process, including best practices,
construction inspection, and interacting with contractors.
• Presentations then addressed wet commissioning – the final post-construction operational fishway inspection.
• The last presentation of the workshop was on the economics of fish passage, provided by Dr. Bethany Cooper, Senior Research Fellow, Economics and Pricing from University of South Australia.
• At noon, after post-workshop assessments were completed and completion certificates presented, all participants had a final lunch at the Training Center, departed by bus to the hotel, and made their way back to their home nations.
Photo 5: A visit to the SEAFDC experimental flume.
Photo 6: The course instructors
Fish Passage Masterclass
4. Key outcomes and recommendations
• This workshop achieved its goal of building baseline capacity in numerous agencies to design and construct irrigation facility fish passes. While not easily measurable, we also believe that it met its second goal of building relationships between Ministries because for the first time all worked together to develop a practical solution for a key site in each country.
• Based on responses from the pre- and post-workshop questionnaires, the delegates’ level of knowledge increased by approximately 130% (Appendix 3).
• Overall, the delegates felt that their knowledge on fish passage science and fish pass design and construction was strengthened substantially; in the case of irrigation participants, it was an eye-opening first exposure to these concepts.
• There was substantial interest for the instructors to run reciprocal courses in each individual country to participants that could not attend the full workshop in Thailand.
• Very strong recommendation to run these classes again. Partner countries suggested that for similar courses run in the past, they have paid a high registration price and would be willing to do so. However, the subsidies provided by USAID, Crawford Fund and the Mekong River Commission likely facilitated a much higher enrolment rate than if full tuition fees were requested.
• Additional recommendation is that the course run for a full four days (we ran the course for 3.5 days). The amount of activity in breakout sessions was unexpected. Students would have productively used additional time to continue discussions.
• Final learning was that bringing together multiple countries was very worthwhile. Having breakout sessions where countries were able to converse in their own language reduced overall fatigue and facilitated more robust discussions.
• Having engineers and biologists together solving these problems was a significant success. It provided significant assurances that broad scale uptake of this technology could be achieved if more frequent sessions like these were held and the messages reinforced.
• Despite best efforts to obtain gender balance, it was obvious, during registrations that the ministries dealing with engineering and fisheries are still largely male-dominated. That said, female participants were highly productive and contributed in a very positive manner. There was no evidence of and bias against females in the workshop and they provided equal contributions in all breakout sessions.
• It would be a significant challenge to generate perfect gender balance at future masterclasses. But one area within the control of the organisers is ensuring balance among the masterclass instructors.
5. Dissemination of findings
All presentations delivered during the conference were distributed to delegates on a USB stick on the final day of the conference. All workshop materials, including syllabus and presentations were distributed in hard copy to participants on day 1. Having a hard copy was seen as beneficial as students made copious notes at teach lecture processed. .
Fish Passage Masterclass
Appendix 1: Workshop agenda
TUESDAY 13th November
Time Duration Presenter 0800-0815 15 Pre-workshop questionnaires, logistics, sign-in
Welcome remarks Mr. Roy
0815-0830 15 Welcome and Overview Introduction, low-level upstream fish passage, roles designer/contributor/reviewer, Next 4 days: Background, Modules, Country tasks, sites; applying learnings
Mr. Roy / Mr. Baumgartner
MO
DU
LE
1 IN
TR
OD
UC
TIO
N
0830-0900 30 Topic: Introduction to Fish Passage What is fish passage? Objectives, Phases of a Project, New barrier, Existing barrier
Mr. Rice
0900-0930 30 Topic: Freshwater Fish migration in SE Asia Why is migration important, types and migration patterns and relation to seasonal hydrology
Mr. Mallen- Cooper
0930-1000 30 Country presentations – Fish Passage and site selection Students
1000-1030 30 Morning Tea 1030-1055 25 Country presentations – Fish Passage and site selection Students
1055-1100 5 Fish Passage Design Process; Rationale modules 1, 2, 3, 4 Mr. Baumgartner
1100-1130 30 Topic 1: Essential Data for Design Mr. Mallen- Cooper Biology (smallest fish, largest fish, biomass, fish behaviour);
Hydrology and hydraulics (US & DS levels; discharge; flow patterns downstream for fish attraction – crest/gate type and usage)
11:30- 1200
30 Country team activity: Review two reports and identify missing information for design, teams will critically review a passage design report. One will have an engineering emphasis with little biology and hydrology, and one will have a biological emphasis with little hydrology and hydraulics.
All instructors
1200-1330 90 Lunch
MO
DU
LE
2: P
RE
PAR
ING
FO
R D
ESI
GN
1330-1340 10 Introduction to conceptual model group activity Mr. Mallen- Cooper
1340-1430 50 Country Team Task: Design a fish migration conceptual model for the focal site
Students
1430-1500 30 Topic 2. Fishway Entrance and Exit Design Mr. Mallen- Cooper / Mr.
Rice Locate/create discrete upstream limit of migration at different flows; Create a zone of low turbulence for entrance flow to be distinguishable [integrity of fishway flow]). High discharge in fishway: use 10% of river flow minimum in fishway; group discussion
1500-1530 30 Afternoon Tea 1530-1550 20 Case studies of good and bad entrances/exits Mr. Stancil /
Mr. Marsden 1550-1630 40 Country Team Task: Review engineering drawings (General
arrangements) Mr. Mallen- Cooper / Mr.
Stancil 1700 Group dinner All
Fish Passage Masterclass
Wednesday 14th November Time Duration Presenter
MO
DU
LE
3: D
ESI
GN
ING
A F
ISH
WA
Y
0830-0845 15 Summary on Module 1 and 2 Mr. Roy / Mr. Baumgartner
0845-0945 60 Country team Site Projects: Apply Modules 2: entrance and exit design for focal site
All instructors
0945-1030 45 Country team Site Presentations (no more than 10 min per group)
Students
1030-1100 30 Morning Tea 1100-1200 Topic 3. Upstream Fishway Options
20 Overview; Entry, exit and sizing (largest fish and biomass; hydrology – reiterate 10% of river flow minimum). Key differences in designs: headwater & tailwater variation; depth; fishway flow.
Mr. Rice
25 Nature-like fishways: Rock-ramp fishways and Bypass Channels (full-width & partial-width)
Mr. Stancil
15 Hybrid fishways (concrete baffles and rock channels) Mr. Mallen- Cooper
1200-1300 60 Lunch 1300-1345 15 Cone & trapezoid weir fishways Mr. Marsden 1345-1410 25 Vertical-slots (single and dual-slot) Mr. Mallen-
Cooper 1410-1415 5 Choosing an option Mr. Mallen-
Cooper 1415-1500 45 Team Site Projects:
Consider applicability of all options: hydrology and biology (could be more than one suitable option)
All instructors
1500-1530 30 Afternoon Tea 1530-1615 45 Team Site Presentations
What options have you selected for your site and why? Students
Topic 3. (continued)
1615-1635 20 Road Crossings & culverts Mr. Rice / Mr, Stancil
1635-1700 25 Other considerations: Auxiliary & attraction flow, exit location, concrete aprons, gates, tailwater depth etc.
Mr. Marsden / Mr Mallen-
Cooper
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Fish Passage Masterclass
Thursday 15th November Time Duration Presenter 0830-1000 90 Team Site Projects: Choose layout of design and adapt to site All instructors
1000-1030 30 Team Site Presentations: Each country to prepare a short presentation (10 min) on their design and explain why it was the best for the nominated site.
Students
1030-1100 30 Morning Tea 1100-1130 30 Team Site Presentations: Each country to prepare a short
presentation (10 min) on their design and explain why it was the best for the nominated site.
Students
MO
DU
LE
4:
MO
NIT
OR
ING
AN
D R
ESE
AR
CH
1130-1200 30 Topic 4. Monitoring and Research Mr. Baumgartner 1.Group discussion; Introduction
Difference between monitoring and research, why monitor? Why do research? What are the questions (hypotheses)? E.g. migration, fish populations upstream, large fish, small fish; attraction efficiency & passage efficiency
2.Research methods overview Traps, PIT tags, Radio telemetry, CFD models, community sampling, fisher surveys; When to sample? How many samples?
1200-1300 60 Lunch
1300-1330 30 3. Monitoring methods Examples of fishway designs where monitoring provisions were made during the engineering component. Examples of where fishways were built with no monitoring provision and the program suffered accordingly. Importance of adaptive management.
Mr. Lee Baumgartner
1330-1430 60 Team Activity: Develop the techniques and methods which will be used to monitor the focal site fishways
Mr. Baumgartner / Mr. Marsden
1430-1500 30 Afternoon Tea
1500-1545 45 Team Presentations: Each country to provide an outline of monitoring and research needs: 1. Research/monitoring questions 2. Options for site 3. Applications for site 4. Outline of monitoring plan
Students
1545-1630 45 Flume Demonstration: How to effectively trap a fishway Pitfalls to avoid.
Students
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Fish Passage Masterclass
Friday 16th November Times Duration Presenter 0830-0845 15 Thursday Review
MO
DU
LE
5:
CO
NST
RU
CT
ION
0845-0930 Topic 5. Construction
10 1. Inspection responsibilities/monitoring How constructability influences design (access, foundations, source of materials)
Mr. Stancill
10 2. Good practice oversight/implementation Diversions/Dewatering/Sediment Control/Tailwater controls
Mr. Stancill
25 3. Construction actions/Common problems Managing contractors, construction issues, what can go wrong, how to rectify issues
Mr. Stancill / Mr. Marsden
0930-1000 30 Lessons learned from construction projects
Mr. Stancill / Mr. Marsden
1000-1030 30 Morning Tea
1030-1100 Topic 6. Wet Commissioning
15 Attraction – entrance conditions, under a range of flows Mr. Mallen- Cooper
15 Passage – depth, head losses, flow patterns, under a range of flows
Mr. Baumgartner
1100-1130 30 Cost-benefits of fish passage at irrigation infrastructure Ms. Bethany Cooper
1130-1145 15 Student feedback to presenters What was unclear? What was missing? More/less discussion time?
Mr. Roy
1145-1200 15 Wrap up end Summary of take-home-lessons; written feedback Certificate presentations
Mr. Roy
1200 60 Lunch
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Fish Passage Masterclass
Appendix 2: Participant list and sign-in sheet
No. Title Given Name Surname Sex (M/F) Position Organization Country Status Email
1 Dr. Oudom Phonekhampheng M Vice President National University of Laos
Lao PDR Observer [email protected]
2 Mr. Chan Nyein M Fauna & Flora International
Myanmar Trainee [email protected]
3 Mr. Khin Maung Soe M Advisor Worldfish Myanmar Myanmar Trainee [email protected]
4 Ms. Myint Swe Aye F Officer Department of Irrigation Myanmar Trainee [email protected]
5 Dr. Chea Thrith M Deputy Director of Fisheries Research and Development Institute
Fisheries Administration (FiA)/Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery (MAFF)
Cambodia Trainee [email protected]
6 Mr. Suos Bunthan M National focal point of Agriculture and Irrigation
Cambodia National Mekong Committee (CNMC)
Cambodia Observer [email protected]
7 Mr. Ban Ratana M Officer of Engineering Department
Ministry of Water Resource and Meteorology
Cambodia Trainee [email protected]
8 Dr. Kaviphone Phouthavong M Living Aquatic Resources Research Center (LARReC)
Lao PDR Trainee
9 Dr. Kaona Boupha M National Expert for Irrigation
Department of Irrigation, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry
Lao PDR Trainee
10 Mr. Somphone Khamphanh M Lao National Mekong Commission Secretariat (LNMCS)
Lao PDR Observer [email protected]
11 Mr. Boonsong Sricharoendham M Ecologist Specialist Department of Fisheries Thailand Trainee [email protected]
12 Mr. Pornmongkol Chidchob M Civil Engineering, Senior Professional Level
Office of Project Management, Royal Irrigation Department
Thailand Trainee
13 Mr. Poonsak Wisetsopa M Civil Engineering, Practitioner Level
Bureau of International River Basin Management,
Thailand Trainee [email protected]
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Fish Passage Masterclass
No. Title Given Name Surname Sex (M/F) Position Organization Country Status Email
Department of Water Resources
14 Mr. Tran Quang Tho M Vice Chief of Division (GIS Expert)
Institute of Water Resources Planning
Vietnam Trainee
15 Mr. Nguyen Du M Senior researcher (Fisheries Expert)
Research Institute for Aquaculture No. II
Vietnam Trainee [email protected]
16 Mr. Fumihiko Onodera M Technical Advisor of Agriculture and Irrigation
Planning Division MRCS Observer [email protected]
17 Ms. Chamaporn Paiboonvorachat F Agriculture and Irrigation Specialist
Planning Division MRCS Observer [email protected]
18 Mr. Palakorn Chanbanyong M Sustainable Hydropower Specialist
Planning Division MRCS Trainee [email protected]
19 Mr. Vanna Noun M Fisheries & Aquatic Ecology Officer
Environment Division MRCS Trainee [email protected]
20 Mr. Chann Aun Tob M Deputy Director, Inland Fisheries Research and Development Institute (IFReDI)
Fisheries Administration (FiA)/Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery (MAFF)
Cambodia Trainee [email protected]
21 Mr. Sarun Hey M Research Assistant, Inland Fisheries Research and Development Institute (IFReDI)
Fisheries Administration (FiA)/Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery (MAFF)
Cambodia Trainee [email protected]
22 Mr. Sok Heng Chan M Vice Chief, Fishing Technology Research Division
Fisheries Administration (FiA)/Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery (MAFF)
Cambodia Trainee [email protected]
23 Mr. Savat Nut M Research Assistant Inland Fisheries Research and Development Institute
Cambodia Trainee [email protected]
24 Mr. Sereypich Keo M Deputy Director of Hydrology and River Work Department
Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology
Cambodia Trainee [email protected]
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Fish Passage Masterclass
No. Title Given Name Surname Sex
(M/F) Position Organization Country Status Email
25 Mr. Chour Eng M Chief Office of Watershed Management
Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology
Cambodia Trainee [email protected]
26 Mr. Bak Bunna M Project Manager, GMS Flood and Drought Risk Management and Mitigation Project
Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology
Cambodia Trainee [email protected]
27 Mrs. Khampheng Homsombath F Head of Fisheries Research Section
Living Aquatic Resources Research Center (LARReC)
Lao PDR Trainee [email protected] om
28 Mr. Khamhou Phanthavong M Deputy Director of Planning and Cooperation Division
Irrigation Department Lao PDR Trainee [email protected]
29 Mr. Chindaphone Senebouttarath M Planning and Statistic Section, PCD
Irrigation Department Lao PDR Trainee [email protected]
30 Mr. Outhoumphone Saysithideth M Planning and Cooperation Unit, Province Irrigation Section, Savanakhet Province
Irrigation Department Lao PDR Trainee [email protected]
31 Mr. Khammone Phomphiphak M Director of District Agriculture and Forestry Office, Thabok District, Khammouan Province
Irrigation Department Lao PDR Trainee None
32 Mr. Oudone Khounsavan M Technical Staff, Division of Fisheries
Department of Livestock and Fisheries
Lao PDR Trainee [email protected]
33 Ms. Nittaya Wutticharoenmongkol F Fishery Biologist Professional level, Technology and Communication Center
Department of Fisheries Thailand Trainee [email protected]
34 Ms. Apiradee Hanpongkittikul F Fishery Biologist Professional level, Inland Fisheries Research and Development Division
Department of Fisheries Thailand Trainee [email protected]
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Fish Passage Masterclass
No. Title Given Name Surname Sex
(M/F) Position Organization Country Status Email
35 Ms. Tiwarat Thalerngkietleela F Fishery Biologist Senior Professional level, Inland Fisheries Research and Development Division
Department of Fisheries Thailand Trainee [email protected]
36 Mr. Kosol Sriputinibondh M Fishery Biologist Practical level, Inland Fisheries Research and Development Division
Department of Fisheries Thailand Trainee [email protected]
37 Mr. Natthapol Ongmali M Fishery Biologist, Practical level, Fisheries Foreign Affairs Division
Department of Fisheries Thailand Trainee [email protected]
38 Mr. Adulvit Chucherd M Geographer Department of Fisheries Thailand Trainee [email protected]
39 Mr. Suthipong Thanasarnsakorn M Marine Engineering Section Head
SEAFDEC/TD Thailand Trainee [email protected]
40 Mr. Thaweesak Thimkrab M Fisheries and Post- Harvest Engineer
SEAFDEC/TD Thailand Trainee [email protected]
41 Mr. Wichet Buttachien M Civil Engineer, Senior Professional Level, Bureau of Engineering and Architectural Design
Royal Irrigation Department
Thailand Trainee
42 Mr. Kamon In-khamchua M Civil Engineer, Practitional Level, Bureau of Engineering and Architectural Design
Royal Irrigation Department
Thailand Trainee [email protected]
43 Mr. Chaiwat Khamkeaw M Civil Engineer, Practitional Level
Royal Irrigation Department
Thailand Trainee
44 Mr. Sereesit Tajai M Irrigation Engineer, Practitioner Level
Royal Irrigation Department
Thailand Trainee
45 Mr. Nguyen Hai Nam M Official Department of Water Resource Management and Rural Water Supply
Vietnam Trainee [email protected]
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Fish Passage Masterclass
No. Title Given Name Surname Sex
(M/F) Position Organization Country Status Email
46 Mr. Tong Van Xieu M Official Department of Infrastructure Construction
Vietnam Trainee [email protected]
47 Mr. Nguyen Thai Ha M Deputy Director Centre for Policy and Technique on Water Resources
Vietnam Trainee [email protected]
48 Ms. Nguyen Thuy Linh F Researcher Vietnam Academy for Water Resources
Vietnam Trainee [email protected]
49 Mr. Phan Dinh Phuc M Doctor on Freshwater Fisheries
Institute of Aquaculture No. III
Vietnam Trainee [email protected]
50 Mr. Dang Van Khanh M Engineer on Construction Irrigation Sub- Department of Dac Lac Province
Vietnam Trainee [email protected]
Fish Passage Masterclass
Appendix 3: Participant outcomes and assessment of the masterclass
26
research for a sustainable future
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