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Low Adherence to Dietary Guidelines in Spain, Especially in the Overweight/Obese Population: The ANIBES Study
MEAN AGE OF THE ADULT POPULATION (18-64 YEARS) IN THE ANIBES STUDY
ENERGY INTAKE:
ANTHROPOMETRIC VALUES
MEAN ENERGY INTAKE
MEAN ENERGY EXPENDITURE
CONTRIBUTION OF ENERGY INTAKE TO COVERAGE
OF EXPENDITURE
MEAN BODY MASSINDEX (BMI)
WAIST-HEIGHT RATIO
ABDOMINAL ADIPOSITY (WAIST-HEIGHT
RATIO ≥ 0.5)
40.00 ± 12.20 years
1,816 ± 512 kcal/day 2,098 ± 400 kcal/day 89.0 ± 28.1 %
Rodríguez-Rodríguez E, Aparicio A, Aranceta-Bartrina J, Gil A, González-Gross M, Serra-Majem Ll, Varela-Moreiras G, Ortega RM. Low adherence to dietary guidelines in Spain, especially in the overweight/obese population: The ANIBES Study. J Am Coll Nutr, 2016;12:1-8; doi:10.1080/07315724.2016.1248246.
Inadequate food intake (servings/day).Differences according to the Body Mass Index (%)
Men
MEN WOMEN
0.51 ± 0.08 0.54 ± 0.08
MEN WOMEN
64.70 % 52.40 %
MEN WOMEN
27.10 ± 4.87 kg/m2 25.60 ± 5.30 kg/m2
Women
Inadequate food intake (servings/day).Differences according to the Waist-Height Ratio (%)
Men
Women
Body Mass Index (BMI)a = Significant difference between BMI < 25 kg/m2 and overweight subjectsb = Significant difference between BMI < 25 kg/m2 and obese subjects
Significant differences between adults with Waist-Height Ratio < 0.5 and Waist-Height Ratio ≥ 0.5
• The Spanish population has a low consumption of fruits, vegetables, cereals and dairy products• Men with an inadequate consumption of cereals, fruits and vegetables have a higher risk of suffering from
overweight and abdominal obesity• People with overweight and general and abdominal obesity have a lower adherence to dietary guidelines
Meat and meat products (>1 serving/day)
Fish and shellfish
(<0.5 serving/day)
Eggs (<0.5 serving/day)
Meat + fish + eggs
(>3 servings/day)
Vegetables (<2 servings/day)
Fruits (<2 servings/day)
Fruits + vegetables
(<5 servings/day)
Fruits (<300 g/day)
Vegetables (<250 g/day)
Cereals and grains
(<4 servings/day)
Whole cereals
(<0.5 serving/day)
Pulses (<1 serving/week)
Milk and dairy products
(<2 servings/day)
Obesity. BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2Overweight. BMI = 25-29.9 kg/m2BMI < 25 kg/m2
69.0 65.3
53.4
24.1a
83.3 85.0a,b
91.5
83.7 77.2
71.8
85.0
55.863.9
70.3
65.0 58.2
19.2a
84.5 89.5a
96.9
86.4
76.581.7
86.4
57.9
66.664.1
68.0
55.8
23.2
80.1
91.2b 95.6
83.4
71.3
83.489.0
63.068.0
Obesity. BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2Overweight. BMI = 25-29.9 kg/m2BMI < 25 kg/m2
Meat and meat products (>1 serving/day)
Fish and shellfish
(<0.5 serving/day)
Eggs (<0.5 serving/day)
Meat + fish + eggs
(>3 servings/day)
Vegetables (<2 servings/day)
Fruits (<2 servings/day)
Fruits + vegetables (<5 servings/day)
Fruits (<300 g/day)
Vegetables (<250 g/day)
Cereals and grains
(<4 servings/day)
Whole cereals
(<0.5 serving/day)
Pulses (<1 serving/week)
Milk and dairy products
(<2 servings/day)
50.0
64.868.0
9.30
85.2b85.9
95.0
85.7
77.7
87.0 80.7
61.1 65.5
47.6
68.463.6
8.20
84.887.4
94.1
82.2 78.8
92.2
79.2
57.2
66.9
55.4
65.562.8
8.10
82.4b80.4
94.6
75.070.3
91.983.8
66.9
70.9
70.965.6
54.6
26.2*
81.2 84.0*91.8*
84.0
74.869.9*
84.8
58.9 61.767.1 65.9
56.6
19.6*
84.190.5*
96.1*
85.1
76.083.1*
87.4
57.9
68.2
Without Risk (Waist-Height Ratio < 0.5) With Risk (Waist-Height Ratio ≥ 0.5)
Meat and meat products (>1 serving/day)
Fish and shellfish
(<0.5 serving/day)
Eggs (<0.5 serving/day)
Meat + fish + eggs
(>3 servings/day)
Vegetables (<2 servings/day)
Fruits (<2 servings/day)
Fruits + vegetables
(<5 servings/day)
Fruits (<300 g/day)
Vegetables (<250 g/day)
Cereals and grains
(<4 servings/day)
Whole cereals
(<0.5 serving/day)
Pulses (<1 serving/week)
Milk and dairy products
(<2 servings/day)
Without Risk (Waist-Height Ratio < 0.5) With Risk (Waist-Height Ratio ≥ 0.5)
50.4
64.469.3*
8.8
85.3 87.7*
95.6
87.5
79.486.7
79.1*
62.4 65.1
50.0
67.662.4*
8.7
84.0 83.3*
93.8
78.474.4
92.0
82.2*
59.6
68.4
Meat and meat products (>1 serving/day)
Fish and shellfish
(<0.5 serving/day)
Eggs (<0.5 serving/day)
Meat + fish + eggs
(>3 servings/day)
Vegetables (<2 servings/day)
Fruits (<2 servings/day)
Fruits + vegetables
(<5 servings/day)
Fruits (<300 g/day)
Vegetables (<250 g/day)
Cereals and grains
(<4 servings/day)
Whole cereals
(<0.5 serving/day)
Pulses (<1 serving/week)
Milk and dairy products
(<2 servings/day)
Coordinated by:
Spanish Nutrition and Food Sciences Academy
(AEN)
Spanish Nutrition Society
(SEÑ)
Spanish Society of Community Nutrition
(SENC)
Nutrition Studies Association
(ASEN)
Spanish Foundation for Nutritional Research
(FIN)
Improvement of Health by Fitness,Nutrition and Exercise
Research Group
With the participation of: