Bringing Timor-Leste into the ASEAN Economic Community and the World Trading System: One more step to Taking its Place among the Nations of the Earth

Lori tama Timor-Leste ba Komunidade Ekonomika ASEAN no Sistema Komersiu MundialDr Brett WilliamsBrett G Williams Law Office, SydneyEspesialista iha Regulamentu Komersiu Internasionalwilliams@brettgwilliamslaw.com.au Palestrante Esterna iha direitu komersiu iha Australian National University Kolejiu Direitu no University of Sydney Fakuldade Direitu112Koopera ka La-KooperaJogadorNu 2KooperaLa KooperaJogadorKooperaKuadrante 1Segundo melhor, segundu melhor

Kuadrante 3Quarto melhor, primeiro melhorNu 1La KooperaKuadrante 2Primeiro melhor, quarto melhor Kuadrante 4Terceiro melhor, terceiro melhorDOMINANTE2Could generalize this to any Cooperation / Defection situation where the Rankings of payoffs are as above(though if payoff from2 = payoff from 3, then it still works). There is an incentive for a self interested player to defect rather than cooperate (depends on how much is gained by defecting Abbott calls this the temptation differential)Each player is always better off if the other cooperates rather than defectsThe payoff from both cooperating is greater than from the situation in which both defect the amount to be gained from cooperating is called the cooperation differential.

Abbott lists some characteristics of the PD model:1 For each player, the payoff for defecting is superior to the payoff for cooperating, whatever the other player does. p5062 For each payer, the payoff is always superior if the other player chooses to cooperate. p5063 The payoff to each player when both players choose to cooperate is greater than the payoff each receives when both defect.And he footnotes (FN20) to an additional proposition that: Technically, it must also be the case that the average of B and W in squares 2 and 3 is lower than S: otherwise the players could take turns defecting and achieve higher payoffs than by cooperation. citing R. Alexrod, The Evolution of Cooperation (1984) p10. Ema hothotu senti ksolok tebes ho Timor-Leste tama ASEANTansa?

Saida mak Timor-Leste tenke halo?

Oinsa paiz sira-seluk ASEAN nian sei deside atu simu ka la-simu adezaun hosi Timor-Leste?

3Se mak membru sira ASEAN nianOrijinal lima (Indonezia, Malazia, Singapora, Tailandia, Filipinas) 8 Agos 1967Adezaun : Brunei Darussalam 7 Janeiru 1984:Vietname 28 Jullu 1995Laos 23 Jullu 1997 Myanmar 23 Jullu 1997Cambodia 30 Abril 1999

4Bainhira mak ASEAN hahu kria tratadu sira kona-ba kestaun komersial no investimentu?1987 Arranju Komersiu Preferensial (6)1992 ASEAN (6) CEPT akordu dahuluk atu reduz tarifa importasaun nian

5Atu tama ba ASEAN: Saida mak Timor-Leste tenke asina lai?Maibe Dahuluk:

Saida mak Akordu Komersiu nian Halo?

Istoria minutu rua kona-ba Sistema Komersial Mundial6Hanoin hikas 1930nuneeDepresaun GlobalEU hasae diever importasaun ba nivel hirak neebe aasTuir-maiPaiz sira seluk hasae sira-nia dever importasaun ba nivel hirak neebe aas mosPaiz sira iha imperiu Britanikau fo dever preferensial neebe kiik liu ba maluProblema boot rua:protesaun aas & taka ba komersiu mundialDiskriminasaun neebe kauza friksaun politika7Maibe EU responde ho 1934 Reciprocal Trade Agreements ActAutoriza Prezidente atu halo tratadu oioin neebeReduz dever oioin EU nianOther country reduces duties Kona-ba importa sasaan sira ba malu.No ba Prezidente atu proklama taxa dever foun ba iha lei EU nian la-ho aprovasaun ruma hosi parte lejislativu.EU kuaze halo akordu bilateral 20 entre 1934 no 19458Saida mak influensia Politiku ida nia desizaun kona-ba Politika Komersiu ho no La-ho Akordu Komersiu idaLa-iha AkorduBainhira Adota Akordu1. Importa produtor sira konkorrente1. Importa produtor sira konkorrente2.1 Konsumidor2.1 Konsumidor2.2 Valuor hosi bem-estar nasional2.2 Valuor hosi bem-estar nasional2.3 Eksportador sira neebe kontra impostu indireitu neebe proteje produtor sira-seluk2.3 Eksportador sira neebe kontra impostu indireitu neebe proteje produtor sira-seluk3.2 Eksportador sira nia apoiu bazea ba benefisia asesu ba merkadu Negosia onaPolitiku deside atu Fo ProtesaunPolitiku sira nia desizaun nee ekilibradu9We can imaging the TN1 government with no Trade Agreement in place - doing some kind of calculation by adding up the political gains and losses accruing from the matters listed in the left column

The only item with any weight is Import Competing Producers

So it is clear that to maximize political support, the government should choose to Grant Protection.

Then if we construct a trade agreement in which TN1 and TN2 exchange tariff reductions, then the exporters in each country would gain from the agreement being implemented so would provide political support to the governments that enter into the agreement.

By creating the agreement, the political situation inside each country changes to that set out in the second column.

How does that change out PD matrix:9Iha 1947, paiz 23 forma akordu komersial uniku : GATT 1947paiz 23 iha akordu komersial ida bootReduz barreira oioin importasaun nianReduz diskriminasaun regra laos-diskriminasaun (no presaun ida kona-ba marjen preferensia nian hosi preferensia diskriminatoriu oioin neebe ezistente)& Buka atu Repete ezersiziu nee:Progresivamente reduz liu tan barreira importasaunProgresivamente serbisu ba eliminasaun diskriminasaun iha relasaun komersial oioinKarakteristika Kritika mak katak paiz sira neebe kiik no kbiit-laek lida ho paiz sira boot no kbiit-nain bazea ba regra legal laos politika bazeadu ba poder (kbiit). 1010Iha1982# hosi parte sira ba GATT aumenta ona hosi 23 ba kuaze 90.

Taxa media importasaun nian mosu hosi kuaze 50% ba menus hosi 10% iha paiz sira Dezenvolvidu ( maibe aas liu iha paiz sira Foin Dezenvolvolve, no menus liberalizasaun neebe alkansa iha setor agrikola no tekstil)

Iha 1982 Paiz sira GATT nian barak mak defende prinsipiu MFN & laos-diskriminasaun (EUA, Japaun, Kanada la-iha akordu diskriminariru ruma; Australia iha ida ho PNG)Eksesaun boot ida EC iha FTAs balu, barak liu ho paiz sira iha Europa no Norte Afrika.

Iha 1982, parte sira GATT nian koko atu hahu ronda negosiaun foun oioin kona-ba komersiu

11Much less successful in reducing import barriers for agricultural trade (Why? - EC fixation on self-sufficiency in agriculture which obstructs the )11Ronda Uruguai Uruguay Round 1986-1994 kria Organizasaun Mundial Komersiu nian 1 Jan 1995Komersiu iha Beins:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade + 12 Akordu sira seluk kona-ba Komersiu iha Beins

Komersiu iha Servisu sira:General Agreement on Trade in Services

Propriedade Intelektual:Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property

MAIBE entretantu, iha 1995, iha ona esplozaun iha akordu sira diskriminatoriu. 12WTO nian eksesaun ba Akordu Komersiu DiskriminatoriuGATT no mos GATS iha eksesaun hosi regra Paiz Mais Favoresida (Most Favoured Nation) ba arraju ida karik:- parte sira elimina barreira ba komersiu entre Insiders (sira iha-laran); no- la hasae barreira atu halo komersiu hasoru outsiders (sira iha-leur).Tuir TRIPS, la-iha eksesaun hanesan nee atu tratamentu preferensial hosi IP hosi paiz ruma tenke estende ba Membru WTO hothotu.13Hosi 1995 Integrasan Ekonomika ASEAN Aselera1995 ASEAN (9) emenda CEPT atu aselera redusaun iha tarifa1995 ASEAN (9) Framework Agreement on Services1995 ASEAN (9) Agreement on Cooperation in Intellectual Property1998 ASEAN (10) Framework Agreement on the ASEAN Investment Area+ selseluk tan14Kriasaun Komunidade Ekonomika ASEANOut 2003 Deklarasaun Simeira Bali kona-ba kriasaun Komunidade ASEAN iha 2020.12 Dez 2006 Deklarasaun Kuala Lumpur kona-ba Estabelesimentu ASEAN CharterJan 2007 Deklarasaun Cebu kona-ba Aselerasaun Estabelesementu Komunidade ASEAN iha 201512 Nov 2007 asina ASEAN Charter 20 Nov 2007 Simeira 13a ASEAN nian adota ASEAN Economic Blueprint

15Atu tama ASEAN: Saida mak Timor-Leste tenke asina?ASEAN Charter (Art 6) prevee:Parte ba Tratadu ezistente presiza halo desizaun Konsensu atu simu Membru founKriteria ba adezaun mak kumprimentu ba Charter no abilidade no vontade atu halao obrigasaun sira hosi ASEAN.Art 6 obriga membru sira atu adere ba prinsipiu sira fundamental neebe konsagra iha deklarasaun, akordu, konvensaun, konkordansia, tratadu oioin no instrumentu sira-seluk hosi ASEAN. MAIBE la-iha aneksu ho lista tratadu sira

16ASEAN Charter Art 6(2) 2. ASEAN no ninian Estadu Membru sira tenke atua tuir Prinsipiu sira tuir-mai:(n) aderensia ba regra komersiu multilateral no regra ASEAN nian bazea ba rejime sira ba implementasaun efikaz hosi kompromisu ekonomiku no redusaun progresiva hodi ba too iha eliminasaun barreira hothotu ba integrasaun ekonomika rejional, iha ekonomia ida neebe merkadu mak diriji.

La-iha tan detalla. 17Saida mak instrumentu sira ASEAN nian neebe lida ho integrasaun ekonomika?Iha lista ida kona-ba tratadu sira iha: http://www.asean.org/communities/asean-economic-communityInklui:ASEAN Trade In Goods Agreement + ASEAN Agreement on CustomsASEAN Framework Agreement on Services + a series of Protocols of Commitments under the FASIncklui Agreement on Movement of Natural Persons ASEAN Comprehensive Agreement on Investment ASEAN Framework Agreement on Intellectual Property Cooperation + selseluk tan

ASEAN Blueprint ba Komunidade Ekonomika ASEAN espesifka finalidade oioin kona-ba integrasaun. (Blueprint nee laos fonte hosi obrigasaun legal)18Asesaun ba ASEAN involve prosesu paralelu rua1. Negotiating Schedules atu sai parte hosi tratadu sira prinsipal. Ne. Orariu kona-ba komersiu iha sasaan, kona-ba komersiu iha servisu sira, investimentu; no Hetan akordu ho Membru sira seluk ASEAN nian kona-ba Orariu hirak nee.2. Satisfaz Parte sira-seluk neebe katak imi-nia lei no asaun sira atu konsistente ho obrigasaun oioin hosi tratadu: fo informasaun ba sira no kopia hosi lei sira (iha dalen Ingles), responde pergunta sira ruma, emenda lei sira. 19Membru ASEAN nian sei vota Yes ba Timor-Leste nia adezaun ba ASEAN karik Timor-Leste laos Membru ida ba WTO? Membru ASEAN hothotu mos Membru ba WTO :Indonezia, Malazia , Singapora, Tailandia, Filipinas, Brunei Darussalam sai Membru ba WTO iha 1 Janeiru 1995 bainhira WTO nee mosu.

Vietname halo adezaun ba ASEAN iha 1995 (ba WTO iha 2007)Laos tama ba ASEAN iha 1997 (ba WTO iha 2013)Myanmar tama ba ASEAN iha 1997 (membru orijinal ida hosi WTO iha 1 Jan 1995)Cambodia tama ba ASEAN iha 1999 (ba WTO iha 2004)

20Vietnam accession to ASEAN on 28 July 1995 (to WTO 11 January 2007)

Laos accession to ASEAN 23 July 1997 (to WTO 2 February 2013)

Myanmar accession to ASEAN 23 July 1997 (was an original WTO member on 1 Jan 1995)

Cambodia accession to ASEAN on 30 April 1999 (to WTO 13 October 2004)

20

Membru ASEAN nian sei vota Yes ba Timor-Leste nia adezaun ba ASEAN karik Timor-Leste laos Membru ida ba WTO? ?Adezaun ikus-liu ba ASEAN mak iha 1999: tratadu prinsipal 4 koloka ona iha fatin maibe Deklarasaun atu Kria Komunidade Ekonomika ASEAN sei dauk mosu too 2003.Dispozisaun barak hosi tratadu sira ASEAN nian ezije membru sira ASEAN nian atu kumpri obrigasaun espesifika oioin WTO nian.Sei salva serbisu barak ba Sekretariadu ASEAN nian no governu sira ASEAN karik sira defere tiha eskrutiniu ba lei hothotu Timor-Leste nian too WTO halo ona ninian traballu detallu hodi eskrutiniza lei sira Timor-Leste nian.

21AND one more disadvantage for Timor-Leste joining ASEAN without joining WTO (even if the other ASEAN countries allowed it) is that ASEAN rules on their own would place no limits on how other ASEAN countries could raise import duties to counter any subsidies by TL government or any price discrimination by TL firms because ASEAN rules do no more than oblige Members to comply with their WTO obligations.21Nunee halo adezaun ba WTO nee (provavelmente) pre-rekizitu pratiku ida atu halo adezaun ba ASEANHalo adezaun ba WTO tuir prosedimentu ida padronizadu :WTO estabelese Working Party ida kona-ba adezaun T-L nianTimor-Leste fo kopia hosi lei hothotu ba WTO, permite WP atu satisfaz membru sira katak la-iha lei T-L nian ida mak inkonsistente ho regra oioin WTO rules, posivelmente fila hodi halo emenda foun no submete fali lei foun nee ba Working Party.Negosia orariu ida ba konsesaun sira kona-ba komersiu iha beins tuir GATTNegosia orariu ida ba konsesaun sira kona-ba komersiu iha servisu sira tuir GATSSerbisu iha tranzisaun ida hanesan paiz dezenvolve dadaun sira-seluk atu implementa TRIPS

22Susar oinsa ba Timor-Leste atu negosia parte GATT (beins) nian hosi adezaun ba WTO?Tuir Lei Alfandega T-L impostu importasaun hosi produtu hothotu mak 2,5% deit. Karik T-L oferese Schedule of Concessions neebe vinkula impostu importasaun ba produtu hothotu iha 2,5%, entaun iha xanse 99% katak Membru WTO hothotu sei simu ida-nee. (Iha duvida karik Membru balu sei husu impostu zero ba produtu IT nian)WTO nia working party sei:ezamina T-L nia lei sira, husu tan informasaun, identifika aspeitu sira-seluk hosi lei T-L neebe inkonsistente ho rekezitu oioiin WTO nian, nohusu atu emenda tan lei.Nuudar ezemplu, WTO dala-ruma sei husu Timor-Leste atu muda lei balu neebe eziste:Ne. Taxa Venda nian ho 5% neebe aplika deit ba importasaun no la aplika ba produtu sira neebe produz lokalmente;Ne. Dispozisaun Lei Alfrandega nian neebe permite substituisaun ida livre liu ba montante Valuasaun sira seluk duke presu fatura atualNe. Dala-ruma kona-ba restrisaun Karantina nian neebe presiza atu altera karik T-L la bele demonstra justifikasaun sientifika

23WTO nia General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)Liu-hosi kompromisu sira neebe marka ona ba sub setor partikular no modu servisu nian:Membru sira konkorda atu limita numeru hosi fornesedor ka kuantia hosi fornesementu servisuMembru sira konkorda atu la trata iha maneira ida la favorese fornesedor sira estranjeiru kompara ha fornesedor sira lokalMAIBE obrigasaun hirak nee bele kualifika hodi tama tuir orariu sira

24Susar oinsa ba Timor-Leste atu negosia parte GATS (Servisu) bainhira halo adezaun ba WTO? Ida-nee konforme ba rezultadu hosi ronda negosiasaun lubuk ida neebe Timor-Leste sei halao ho Membru sira ididak hosi WTO nian neebe mak interesaduKonsidera setor sira espesifiku: Provavel katak iha area balu, sei la iha presaun atu halo kompromisu oioin neebe nesesita alterasaun liu tiha fali liberalizasaun neebe Timor-Leste halo ona:Timor-Leste fo ona lisensa ba ema estranjeiru atu hetan lisensa oioin hodi fornese servisu finanseiruTimor-Leste permite ona fornesedor infraestrutura teleko no servisu telecom estranjeira toluTimor-Leste bele hetan benefisiu boot hosi kompetisaun barak hosi estranjeiru sira iha area sira-seluk & Membru sira WTO nian sei bele fo presaun ba liberalizasaun iha area sira-seluk: servisu profisional, enjinharia konstrusaun nian, transporte & sira seluk Diretriz WTO nian kona-ba adezaun hosi Paiz sira La-dun Dezenvolve sei inklina atu hamosu rezultadu liberalizasaun balu maibe laos iha forma ida estensiva.

25Negosia aspeitu Trade in Services hosi adezaun ba WTO contedKonsidera kestaun sira orizontal:Kompromisu oioin kona-ba entada hosi ema-sira natural: regra T-L nian kona-ba entrada hosi ema-sira ba negosiu kurtu prazu nee liberal tebes ona nunee membru sira WTOnian sei la buka atu halo tan alterasaun ruma; entrada ba longu termu??Kompromisu sira kona-ba estabelesementu prezensa komersial atu fornese servisu ida: regra Investimentu Estranjeiru ezistente inkonsistente ho regra tratamentu nasional GATSnian tanba ema lokal sira hetan konsesaun impostu ba investimentu kiik maibe estranjeiru sira hetan deit konsesaun ba impostu ba investimentu sira neebe boot deit. Membru sira WTO nian sei buka atu muda ida-nee.Kompromisu sira relasiona ho oinsa fornesedor estranjeiru sira estabele fatin: T-L permite ema estranjeiru sira atu aluga rai maibe laos atu sosa rai nee maibe membru sira-seluk WTO hetan ona adezaun hodi la muda lei hirak hanesan nee;

26Negosia aspeitu Trade in Services hosi adezaun ba WTO contedWTO nia Working party ba adezaun Timor-Leste nian sei:- presiza hetan lei T-L nian hotu neebe afeta komersiu iha servisu sira (iha Ingles)- ezamina lei sira atu identifika kestaun hirak neebe inkonsistente ho regra sira GATS & ho kompromisu kontempladu oioin iha T-L nia Orariu ba Kompromisu sira- husu tan pergunta- husu atu emenda tan lei balu neebe afeta komersiu iha servisu sira.27Susar oinsa ba Timor-Leste atu satisfaz aspeitu TRIPS nian bainhira halo adezaun ba WTO?Implementa lei Patente nian neebe oneroza.Implementa Lei Copyright nian neebe oneroza.Implementa lei Marka-komersial (Trademark) neebe relativamente fasil.

Maibe Membru sira WTO nian permite ona periodu tranzisaun ba Paiz sira foin Dezenvolve atu permite dezistensia (waiver) ida hosi kumprimentu ba obrigasaun hirak neeNunee Timor-Leste bele negosia dalan tranzitoriu ida atu adota lei kona-ba Propriedade Intelektual neebe bazea ba TRIPS.

Bainhira halo ona adezaun Timor-Leste sei presiza atu kumpri:Regra tratamentu nasional la fo tratamentu neebe diak ba lokal sira duke nain ba IP estranjeiru sira; noRegra kona-ba nasaun neebe Mais Favoresida (Most Favoured nation rule ) hodi fo tratamentu neebe diak liu ba IP hosi paiz balu duke paiz sira-seluk. 28On accession Timor-Leste would need to comply with:National treatment rule not giving locals better treatment than foreign owners of IP; and Most Favoured nation rule giving better treatment to IP from some countries compared to other countries.28Aspeitu sira-seluk neebe presiza konsidera:Timor-Leste sei presiza fo ba Working Party WTO nian kopia hosi ninian lei sira iha dalen WTO nian (Ingles, Franses, Espanha) maibe sei bele hetan asistensia signifikativu ho tradusaun. Timor-Leste nia ofisial sira bele partisipa iha programa formasaun WTO;Iha Fasilidade Dezenvolvimentu Esportasaun (Export Development Facility) nian ida neebe konjuntamente administra ho joint venture ida entre WTO, FAO no UNCTAD neebe sei ajuda produtor lokal sira prienxe padraun no regulamentu padronizada sira neebe membru sira-seluk hosi WTO nian impoen

29Negosia adezaun ba ASEANTimor-Leste bele halao ninian negosiasaun rasik atu halo adezaun ba WTO iha tempu neebe hanesan ho negosiasaun atu halo adezaun ba ASEAN.30Oinsa susar ba Timor-Leste atu negosia adezaun ba ASEAN Agreement on Trade in Goods (ATIGA)? ASEAN nian ATIGA ezije redusaun impostu alfandega too zero.Reduz nivel atual ho 2,5% ba zero. (dala-ruma presiza reduz fazeadamente)Maibe ho WTO iha sistema working party nian neebe ema hotu hatene previzivel, la hatene prosesu saida mak ASEAN sei adota maibe dala-ruma espera sei iha Working Party ASEAN nian atuezamina lei T-L nian (iha Ingles), husu tan informasaun seluk, identifika aspeitu sira-seluk hosi lei sira T-L nian neebe inkonsistente ho rekezitu sira WTO nian, nohuHusu atu emenda lei.

Nuudar ezemplu, ASEAN sei hakarak atu haree emenda lei sira: Ne. Taxa Venda nian ho 5% neebe aplika deit ba importasaun no la aplika ba produtu sira neebe produz lokalmente;Ne. Dispozisaun Lei Alfrandega nian neebe permite substituisaun ida livre liu ba montante Valuasaun sira seluk duke presu fatura atualNe. Dala-ruma kona-ba restrisaun Karantina nian neebe presiza atu altera karik T-L la bele demonstra justifikasaun sientiiika

.

31Oinsa susar ba Timor-Leste atu tama ba ASEAN nian Akordu Enkuadramentu kona-ba Servisu sira?Ida-nee konforme ba rezultadu hosi ronda negosiasaun lubuk ida neebe Timor-Leste sei halao ho Membru sira ididak hosi ASEAN nian neebe mak interesaduKonsidera setor sira espesifiku: Provavel katak iha area balu, sei la iha presaun atu halo kompromisu oioin neebe nesesita alterasaun liu tiha fali liberalizasaun neebe Timor-Leste halo ona:Timor-Leste fo ona lisensa ba ema estranjeiru atu hetan lisensa oioin hodi fornese servisu finanseiruTimor-Leste permite ona fornesedor infraestrutura teleko no servisu telecom estranjeira toluTimor-Leste bele hetan benefisiu boot hosi kompetisaun barak hosi estranjeiru sira iha area sira-seluk & Membru sira ASEAN nian sei bele fo presaun ba liberalizasaun iha area sira-seluk.ASEAN Blueprint aumenta tan alvu balu:Sustansialmente muda restrisaun hothotu ba komersiu iha servisu sira iha setor prioritariu: transporte aeru, komersiu elektronika, kuidade saude, turizmu, no servisu lojistiku. Arranju rekonhesementu mutu iha setor servisu profisional balu : arkitektura, kontabilidade, surveying, profisional mediku no profisional nehan nian.

32Negosia aspeitu Komersiu iha Servisu hodi adezaun ba ASEAN kontinuaKonsidera kestaun sira orizontal:Kompromisu oioin kona-ba entada hosi ema-sira natural: regra T-L nian kona-b entrada hosi ema-sira ba negosiu kurtu prazu nee liberal tebes ona nunee membru sira ASEAN nian sei la buka atu halo tan alterasaun ruma; Kompromisu sira kona-ba estabelesementu prezensa komersial atu fornese servisu ida: regra Investimentu Estranjeiru ezistente inkonsistente ho regra tratamentu nasional ASEAN FAS nian tanba ema lokal sira hetan konsesaun impostu ba investimentu kiik maibe estranjeiru sira hetan deit konsesaun ba impostu ba investimentu sira neebe boot deit. Membru sira ASEAN nian sei buka atu muda ida-nee.Kompromisu sira relasiona ho oinsa fornesedor estranjeiru sira estabele fatin: T-L permite ema estranjeiru sira atu aluga rai maibe laos atu sosa rai nee susar ba membru sira ASEAN nian atu obriga Timor-Leste hasai tiha limitasaun hirak nee.

33Susar oinsa ba Timor-Leste atu tama ba Akordu Enkuadramentu ASEAN kona-ba Propriedade Intelektual (ASEAN Framework Agreement on Intellectual Property)?Regra sira la-dun oneroza bainhira kompara ho obrigasaun sira kompletu WTO/TRIPSObrigasaun jeral kona-ba kooperasaun ho membru sira-seluk ASEAN nian atu dezenvolve lei propriedade intelektual no ninian administrasaun neebe inklui:Atu esplora posibilidade hodiestabelese sistema patente ASEAN nian ida atu proteje patente sira seluk iha rejiaun neeAtu esplora posibilidade hodiestabelese sistema marka-komersial ASEAn nian atu promove protesaun ba marka-komersial (trademark) iha rejiaun neeBlueprint hosi Komunidade Ekonomika ASEAN estabelese tan meta sira balu:Adezaun ba Protokolu Madrid kona-ba Marka-komersial ho prezunsaun katak iha lei kona-ba marka-komersialImplementa planu asaun IPR ASEAN nian neebe refere, ne., ba tempu rejistu marka-komersial neebe hetook diak, ezaminasaun ba patente neebe hetook diakImplementia Planu Serbisu ASEAN kona-ba Direitu-autoria (ASEAN Work Plan for Cooperation on Copyrights)Timor-Leste la-iha lei kona-ba patente, marka-komersial ka copyright.Timor-Leste tenke hahu hosi neebe?Saida mak membru sira ASEAN nian ezije atu Timor-Leste halo atu nunee sira bele vota yes hodi tama ba ASEAN? 34Madrid Protocol System for registering trademarks on an international registerMeans that a trademark can be renewed in all of the participating countries by renewing the registration on the international register.

34Obrigasaun ASEAN nian kobre area sira balu neebe obrigasaun WTO nian la kobreTratadu sira adisional:InvestimentuAdministrasaun alfandega nian / Janela Unika NasionalAspeitu privadu balu ho lei kona-ba komersiu nian: transporte multimodal, beins iha tranzitu,Mais obrigasaun balu neebe la iha tratadu laran maibe iha deklaran meta oioin iha Blueprint ba Komunidade Ekonomika ASEANPolitika Konkorrensia (Competition Policy)Protesaun KonsumidorE-commerce (komersiu elektronika)

Konsidera rua hosi sira nee:

35Adezaun ba ASEAN nia Akordu Investimentu Abranjente (Comprehensive Investment Agreement)Timor-Leste la bele trata investidor / investimentu sira hosi paiz sira ASEAN nian:Ho tratamentu neebe la-dun diak kompara ho sira-nia investidor / investimentu rasik (ekseptu ba medida sira iha sira-nia Lista Rezervasaun)Ho tratamentu neebe la-dun diak kompara ho investidor / investimentu hosi Estadu sira-seluk.Aplika ba admisaun no estabelesementuAplika ba operasaun kontinua, venda no mos dispozisaun

Membru sira tenke permite investidor sira lori tama ka lori sai kapital.Membru sira tenke permite movimentu hosi ema balu: investidor, ezekutivu, jerente, no kategoria oioin neebe negosia ona

Tipu rua hosi rezolusaun ba disputa:Estadu v Estadu bainhira remediu nee retira obrigasaun siraInvestidor v Estadu bainhira remediu nee danus monetarius

Timor-Leste bele negosia ekesaun ba regra Tratamentu Nasional (National Treatment)Maibe paiz sira ASEAN nian mak sei fo atensaun ba aspeitu oioin hosi Timor-Leste nia Lei neebe ema estranjeira sira ho tratamentu la-duun diak kompara ho ema-lokal sira & pedidu ba eksesaun ho ema-ruma ba ema-ruma.

36Janela Unika Nasional ba Administrasaun Importasaun-EsportasaunObrigasaun tratadu nian ida atu bele halo komersiante sira lida ho pontu uniku ida iha governu ho deklara beins sira bele tama iha paiz ida.

Kumprimentu parsial iha Kurtu prazu bele sai hanesan portal web unika ida ho informasaun hothotu kona-ba aprovasaun sira hotu hosi ajensia tomak governu nian.Kumprimentu kompletu tempu naruk liu nian bele sai nuudar sistema unika ida bazea ba komputador atu simu no fo aprovasaun importasaun hosi ajensira hothotuSei presiza reforma legal balu :Lejislasaun ba tranzasaun elektronikaLejislasaun kona-ba identifikasaun elektronika/asinatura dijitalLei sira kona-ba dadus privadu neebe ihaLei sira neebe autoriza fahe informasaun neebe iha ho autoridade sira iha paiz sira-seluk37Protesaun ba KonsumidorLa-iha tratadu ruma ASEAN nian kona-ba protesaun ba konsumidor.

ASEAN Blueprint ezije membru sira atu fortifika protesaun ba konsumidor hodi serbisu iha ASEAN nian Komite Koordenasaun kona-ba Protesaun ba Konsumidor.

Timor-Leste la-iha lei, ne, kona-ba deklarasaun falsa, deklarasaun iluzoria, ka termu sira implika ona.

Hosi neebe Timor-Leste sei hahuu ho ninian lei kona-ba protesaun ba konsumidor? Saida mak Membru sira ASEAN nian hakarak atu haree iha area lei protesaun ba konsumidor molok sira hakarak vota yes ba ninian adezaun ba ASEAN? 38Tama ba Relasaun Ekonomika Esterna ASEAN KomunTimor-Leste dala-ruma presiza halo adezaun baASEAN Japaun FTAASEAN Xina FTAASEAN Korea FTAASEAN-Australia-Nova Zelandia FTAASEAN India FTA kona-ba beins (sei dauk servisu siras)Posivelmente ASEAN Hong Kong FTAAtu tama, Timor-Leste dala-ruma sei presiza atu negosia Orariu kompromisu sira kona-ba beins, servisu no investimentu ho paiz hirak nee ididak.

39Akordu Parseria Ekonomika Abranjente RejionalNegosiasaun lao hela.Parese sei sai ASEAN nia vizaun atu troka FTAs sira hotu ho akordu uniku ida: RCEP(maibe posibel mos katak RCEP bele ko-eziste ho FTAs)Membru sira ASEAN nian sei konfia katak Timor-Leste bele tama ba iha RCEP molok sira permite Timor-Leste tama ba iha ASEAN.

40Oinsa kona-ba Australia?Australia laos Membru ida hosi ASEAN no laos parte ida ba tratadu ruma ASEAN nian kona-ba asuntu ekonomiku?Grupu ketak ida naran Forum Rejional ASEAN konvoka reuniaun anual neebe involve paiz 10 ASEAN nian + paiz sira-seluk (inklui EUA, UE, Japaun, Australia no Timor-Leste)Australia parte ida ba Aust-NZ-ASEAN nia Akordu Komersiu Livre (Free Trade Agreement). Australia mos hamutuk ho membru ASEAN (10) Plus Japaun, Xina, Korea Sul, Nova Zelandia no India atu negosia Akordu Parseria Ekonomika Abranjente Rejional (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement) foun ida.

41Oinsa Australia involve?Australia Membru ativu ida hosi WTO ho esperiensia boot iha adezaun ba WTOAustralia xefea grupu negosiasaun WTO neebe iha laran paiz 4 ASEAN partisipa: Malazia, Indonezia, Singapora, Tailandia, FilipinasAustralia iha FTAs ho membru ASEAN tolu: Singapora, Tailandia no Malazia; no negosia hela daudaun ho Indonezia.Australia mos iha FTAs parseiru dialogu ASEAN nian tolu: Korea, Japaun, Nova Zelandia; no negosia hela daudaun ho Xina no India.

42KonkluzaunAtu tama ba ASEAN:Provavel katak Timor-Leste sei presiza komesa negosiasaun oioin atu tama ba WTOProvavel katak Timor-Leste sei presiza hola parte iha negosiasaun oioin atu kria Parseria Ekonomika Abranjente Rejional (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership). Australia mos totalmente no permanentemente metin hela ba prosesu integrasaun ekonomika ASEAN

43Pergunta ruma?1.2.3.

Brett Williams44

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