Logistieke conceptenLogistieke concepten

College 5(hoofdstuk 11 en 14

Ronald H. Ballou)

• Supply scheduling decisions

• Purchasing scheduling decisions

• Network Planning Process

SUPPLY SCHEDULING

Meeting demand:

• supply just when needed production (MRP)

• inventory replenishment (JIT)

Just in Time (I)

Japanese production philosophy:– juiste producten, juiste tijdstip, juiste plaats,

juiste kwaliteit, juiste hoeveelheid

• Inventory reduction– “voorraad is smeermiddel van knelpunten”

• Production: small size and zero defects

• Relation with supplier

Just in Time (II)

• KAN card: produce a standard quantity

• BAN card: bring a standard quantity

• KANBAN control on department level

• Demand approach, i.s.o. hierarchical approach

Just in Time (III)

leverancier opstellen assemblage programma klant

Just in Time (IV)

Concern level:

• Hierarchical approach

• Quartile planning with horizon of 4 month: purchase orders to suppliers

• Capacity control (long horizon)

• Assemblage schedule with adequate mix of models (aabbaabbbaa)

Material requirements planning (MRP I)

• demand forecasting

• from end-products planning the production of parts and materials

• bill of materials

Bill of materials

sp aken

ven tie l

b an d

w ie l zad e l fram e

fie ts

Schedule MRP I

• bruto behoefte

• orders onderweg

• voorzien voorraad verloop

• netto behoefte

• geplande ontvangst

• geplande beschikbaar

• geplande orderuitgifte

Voorbeeld MRP I (doorlooptijd =2)(serie =8)

week 1 week 2 week 3 week 4 week 5 week 6 week 7

Bruto behoeftefiets

6 6 5 2 5 3 8

orders onderweg 8

voorzien voorrdverloop (act = 5)

7 1 -4 -6 -11 -14 -22

netto behoefte 0 0 4 2 5 3 8

geplandeontvangst (serie 8)

0 0 8 0 8 0 8

geplandebeschikbaar

7 1 4 2 5 2 2

geplande order-uitgifte (dlt =2)

8 0 8 0 8 0 0

Bruto behoeftewiel

16 0 16 0 16 0 0

Problems MRP I

• demand uncertainty

• lead time uncertainty

• safety stock• Manufacturing Resources Planning (MRP II)

– koppelt planning en besturing– koppelt afdelingen

Position MRP I/IIproductionplanning

demand

RCCP MPS

BOM MRP I inventory data

Detailed capacityplan (DCP)

Time phased req.record

Marterial and capacity plans

Supply Chain Management

• Optimise the integral chain

• Integration of information

• Value Adding Logistics:– functies die thuishoren in material management

(assemblage, verpakken) verplaatsen naar de distributie keten

• Information technology

PURCHASING

• selecting and qualifying suppliers

• contracting

• comparing price, quality and service

• evaluating the received values

• quality of ‘your’ end-products

Purchase strategies

• purchase and percentage of sales value– productie onderneming– handelsbedrijf

• price reduction to all suppliers

• relation: more efficient production

• purchage on world wide web

NETWORK PLANNING

• where are the demand points ?

• where are the warehouses ?

• where are the source points?

• Good network brings savings

Data for network planning

• products in the product line

• locations– materiaal, productie, opslag en services.

• costs

• customer service level

• capacity

Data sources and encoding

Sources• Business planning

documents• Reports• Logistic research• Published information

Encoding• Product coding

• Geocoding

From data to information

• Product grouping

• Sales aggregation– geografische clusters– relatie cluster en verkoop concentratie

Design the network

• Chart, compass and ruler techniques

• Simulation models

• Heuristic models

• Optimization models– regel van Camp

Opdracht 3: besturing

• Casus: “de internet super”

• Geef in een presentatie (per groep) een advies over een besturingssysteem