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Location Of Foreign Fishing Vessels HarvestinlJ Squid In The Mid-Atlantic Region
Of The United States: 1970-1976
. James Zaborski
Loligo pealei Illex illecebrosus
Special Report In Applied Marine Science And Ocean Engineering No. 235
Virginia Institute C>f Marine Science Gloucester Point, Virginia 23062 i VIMS #"' ~.~
SEA i ~ GRANT \ / PROGRAM ~ ~ __..:,.;;~
April 1980
LOCATION OF FOREIGN FISHING VESSELS
HARVESTING SQUID IN THE MID-ATLANTIC REGION OF THE
UNITED ST ATES: 1970 - 1976
James Zaborski Commercial Fisheries Specialist
Sea Grant Marine Advisory Service Virginia Institute of Marine Science
College of William and Mary Gloucester Point, VA 23062
April 1980
SRAMSOE No. 235 of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062. This work is a result of research sponsored by the Virginia Institute of Marine, Science Institutional Sea Grant Program, supported by the Office of Sea Grant, NOAA under Grant Number NASOAA-D-00021.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Special thanks to Charles C. Philbrook, Fisheries Enforcement Agent who provided much of the historical information upon which the charts were prepared. Without his contribution this publication would not have been possible.
INTRODUCTION
The squid resources of the Northwest Atlantic, Loligo peo/ei (long-finned squid) and I/lex i/lecebrosus (short-finned squid), have been identified as two species with potential for expanding the U.S. fishing industry. The current fishery management plan regulating these species allocates 12 thousand metric tons to domestic fishermen, 30 thousand metric tons to foreign harvest, and 32 thousand metric tons in reserve. The magnitude of the reserve and foreign allocations indicate the potential to which the U.S. industry can expand. In the Mid-Atlantic (Long Island to Cape Hatteras), the foreign fleet harvested an average of 18,000 metric tons annually between 1969 and 1976. During this period, the foreign skippers had to learn the seasonal distribution of squid off our coast. In the past, the domestic squid fishery in the Mid-Atlantic had been limited and the majority of squid landed were taken as a by-catch of other fisheries. Consequently, many Mid-Atlantic fishermen may not be familiar with the seasonal distribution of these species. The lack of this type of information has been cited as one barrier to the development of a Mid-Atlantic squid fishery.
This publication has been produced to assist U.S. fishermen locate squid resources within the Mid-Atlantic U.S. Fishery Conservation Zone (200 mile limit). It is a summary of foreign squid fishing activities in this area between 1970 and 1976. The data sources used to prepare the report are the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) and the International Commission for the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries (ICNAF) Statistical Bulletins, Vols. 22-26.
The charts have been prepared by condensing monthly summaries of foreign fishing activity as recorded by NMFS from Coast Guard overflights conducted between 1970 and 1976 (excluding 1974 for which data was not available). The charts are designed to show, on a monthly basis, areas where foreign vessels were engaged, or believed to be engaged, in squid fishing. The areas indicated are divided according to the frequency foreign fleets were observed in these areas. For example, the darkest shaded areas are those in which the foreign fleet was observed most frequently during the six years of observation.
Information from the U.S. Coast Guard overflights simply identified the catch as squid. Additional information is nec:essary to distinguish between I/lex illecebrosus (short-finned sqiud) and Loligo peolei (long-finned squid). This is provided in Figures 13 and 14 which show the average foreign catches of a loligo and I/lex from three areas in the Mid-Atlantic between 1970 and 1976. Using both the charts and graphs, a fishermen can determine which species is abundant within his fishing area during a particular season.
It is important to note that the ab\.mdance and seasonal location of squid are Ii kely to change as a result of environmental fluctuations and changes in stock size. The information contained in this publication should therefore only be considered a tool to help determine the best times and areas for squid fishing.
FIGURES 1 - 12
Monthly distribution of the foreign squid fishing fleet in the Mid-Atlantic between 1970 and 1976. Shaded areas indicate the yearly frequency of fishing activity as reported by NMFS from U.S. Coast Guard overflights:
Darkest areas Next darkest Next darkest Lightest
vessels observed in area 4 of the 6 years vessels observed in area 3 of the 6 years vessels observed in area 2 of the 6 years vessels observed only once during the 6 years
FIGURE 1
.. --. I ., . ·, ,," ', " .. , '~ 7 l
N.Y. CONN .
'\ \
' AREA A I .............. . ·"' I .· : ;·""~. .. . ....... ·.·.· ..... :::.·.
-..;.::-..:., --. -. -----. ---f _ _,,,.... N.J. : r,- . ..~-"'"'"'<~i)ZJ/
, i ~ , _,JJ . I .. , MO. ' jJ9~ I \ \ -----f---1-----1
VIRGINIA
NORTH CAROLINA
"'
, DEL. s~ . \.. .. -. /, AREA B I
" / /
). /
/ I ,.r I /
,,1 I ) I
---,,~------------i
/ /
/
I I
( I \ I
'/' I AREA C
I I
,: I I
I Frequency of Observed Foreign Squid Fishing Vessel Operations
• • 4 Years
3 Years
2 Years
1 Year 100 - ~athom line
/ /
// 76. , 74 • I • 70
JANUARY
34•
VIRGINIA
NORTH CAROLINA
"' ~
~
~ ,.
100 - F_athom line
/
FIGURE 2
N.Y. CONN.
AREA A
---)~l·· ----"------,--i~ I
;If. AREA B !
xt I ~,: I
__ "J-----------1 I I
; I \ I
\
' AREA C I .-:/'.)\:{ I ::..-:.,:-:.·:.: .. -. I ·:·:-_;'/
I I
I I
/ / Frequency of Observed Foreign Squid Fishing Vessel Operations
• • • 74
4 Years
3 Years
~ Will
2 Years
1 Year
• 71
FEBRUARY
34•
FIGURE 3
N.Y. CONN.
,"' --------~-~-~------1 ................... , i '\ I ', MD. I .. , I
', i .. . ' \ DEL .
VIRGINIA
. ..........
. 1/ ··J
/~ ·:')
AREA A
AREA 8
---5----~-- -----
NORTH CAROLINA
~ .I
~ ~
/
100 - Fathom line
I
/ I
xi? i~ ·:-/~
I I
I /
I
I I
I
AREA C
Frequency of Observed Foreign Squid Fishing Vessel Operations
• 4 Years
3 Years
~ 2Years
ffi{) 1 Year
• 71
MARCH
40•
34•
,"'. ----------------~-_, ., ............... , i ''\ I ', MD. l
.. , I
', i .. i i DEL.
L--·
VIRGINIA
NORTH CAROLINA
FIGURE 4
N.Y.
,1 I
. I ----~ --_------,
I
AREA 8 I I
ii' ! '!J:r------------~ ' ii
AREA C
Frequency of Observed Foreign Squid Fishing Vessel Operations
• 4 Years
• 3 Years
• 74
~ 2Years
C@ 1 Year
• 71
APRIL
,,,,.. ----~----------·---' .,..,. ....... , i
,, I ', MD. I
.. , I ', i .. i
I
' \..--~
FIGURE 5
N.Y.
I ",_,-......... __ --... - ,;~ i-., ...... ,/ .... , /\"l..)~'i -~ W-~~ I .:l--___l__ - - -1
AREA A
~vv , /~ AREA B I
:-:-:-.\J' I
. .1\\§" I :::'::{1 I
____ PL-----------~ ,, VIRGINIA
NORTH CAROLINA
/ /.
~ /
/ ~
100 - Fathom line
I I
; I \
~t) AREA C i I I
I I
I I
/ /
Frequency of Observed Foreign Squid Fishing Vessel Operations
• • 4 Years
3 Years
2 Years
1 Year
• 71
MAY
34•
FIGURE 6
1· I
I
~,,, ... ,-........... __ --... ... ,,~ ...... ., , ...
( -... AREA A
,. /1
~vi .. ·:-:-:-? I ---iF~ _ _J ___ I
,~~ AREA a i / I
>(, I
---------~·----~-----I ..,.....--........ , \ ~
,,, I ,. MO. ,
' I \ i .. i i DEL.
\.. .. --
I/ VIRGINIA f ~I
-----' . ., .. ·_ - - - - .
NORTH CAROLINA
/ /
J' / .,
1()0 - f:athom 1ine / ,
,/ 1e• ,,
/
, I
\ I
( I / AREA C I
; I I
I I
I /
/ Frequency of Observed Foreign Squid Fishing Vessel Operations
• 4 Years ~ 2 Years
• 3 Years fi}}j 1 Year
• • 74 71
JUNE
34•
VIRGINIA
NORTH CAROLINA
/ ~
~ I
I
100 · Fathom line
FIGURE 7
N.Y.
AREA A ,-... ,ii,-- , .... ____ ---, .... ,,;""' r.--'' -... _ .,I ,.,
~1/I ) I ~:-:, L ----#~- ----1
-:::::::,:-·
.· 's,J/ I x$ AREA a I ,;.·, I
/ I
/ I I
) I
--/}--- --- --~
', 1
mf AREA C :
I I
I I ,
/ , Frequency of Observed Foreign Squid Fishing Vessel Operations
• 4 Years 2 Years
3 Years 1 Year
• 71 I •
70
JULY
34•
VIRGINIA
NORTH CAROLINA
FIGURE 8
N.Y.
AREA A I ... ,-..... -......... __ --... - ,,"' .. ~' -- I ,_ ,- --
' I I o/v I / tlfVY _ __1_ ___ ~ y AREA B I
I I
---$---- --1 , I
' ' I
'tJ}
I I
I ,.
I I I
., / ,.
/ , , /
100 - Fathom line
AREA C
Frequency of Observed Foreign Squid Fishing Vessel Operations
• • 4 Years
3 Years
2 Years
1 Year
• 71
AUGUST
• 41
,.. ----------~-~·-----' A'''- • -, \ ,, I
''- MD. , .. , I ', i .. .
I i 1'.>EL. \...- ..
FIGURE 9
AREA A I ~,-,-...... _____ --.... -.... ,-.... -~~ _, --(i
f_l.../V' I )
.. :<j,S,,/ I -t,-· _ __L __ ; --1
/ii, I ,..,aJkv AREA B
1
;fl \ I
~ I
VIRGINIA ___ ) _ _J
NORTH CAROLINA
/ ~
~ /
/ /
100 - Fathom Hne
( I
tp I ·./\~ I
•1lf AREA C I
I I
I I
I I
/ /
Frequency of Observed Foreign Squid Fishing Vessel Operations
.4 Years ~ 2Years
3 Years LHH 1 Year
• 71
SEPTEMBER
,,· ---------~-----~----1 .............. ,., \ '\. I
" MD. I .. , I
', i .. . I \ DEL.
\.. .. --
VIRGINIA
NORTH CAROLINA
FIGURE 10
AREA A
Frequency of Observed Foreign Squid Fishing Vessel Operations
• • 4 Years
3 Years
~ 2Years
V/}fl 1 Year
• 71
OCTOBER
FIGURE 11
N.Y. ,"' , .. , ,· .. , _.,. ',. ~ ) .~ \ \ \ ' "" AREA A
--------- -----------i""~/·"'· N.J. _,....--........ , i ''\ I ', MD. I ., I
', i .. i i ()El.
VIRGINIA
NORTH CAROLINA
"-··-·
/ , , , /
100 - Fathom line / ,
// 76. ,
I
/ / ,
\. r/J
I I
I I
76 •
__ .,__ __ _
I AREA 8
-------------- J I
I
AREA C
Frequency of Observed Foreign Squid Fishing Vessel Operations
• 4 Years
3 Years
~ 2 Years
[/\I 1 Year
NOVEMBER
34•
,.. ----------------·---I .................... , \
\. I .. , M~ \
.. , I ', i .. i
I
' I '-·-·
VIRGINIA
FIGURE 12
N.Y.
AREA A
t\. :·
... ,:;~'!':/
.{.
:&/'" )
AREA B
l I
I I
I
--$ I NORTH CAROLINA
/ /
/ /
/ /
100 - Fathom line
, I
' \ I ( \
}//:·.' ''\\1 .itJ I
I I
/ /
• 76
I
AREA C I
Frequency of Observed Foreign Squid Fishing Vessel Operations
• 4 Years
3 Years
• 74
2 Years
1 Year
DECEMBER
• 41
34•
1600
1500
1400
1300
1200
1100
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
.,
. . . JAN
/ .,
. . .
FIGURE 13
.. •JIM Average Monthly Foreign Catch of Loligo pealei from Areas A, 8, and C between 1973-76 in Metric Tons (from ICNAF Stat. Bui. Vol. 22-26)
I I
/ I
/
. . . . . . .
FEB
/
I\ I \
I \
\ \ \ \
............ . .
\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \
.. . ..
MAR APR MAY
i'. -, I ' I ' I ' I ' I '-B I -A I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ••••• I • ,. ..
.. ··, ••• • I
l ·· ..• - C
JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC
1600
1500
140
1300
FIGURE 14
Average Monthly Foreign Catch of I/lex i/lecebrosus from Areas A, Band C between 1973-76 in Metric Tons (from ICNAF Stat. Bui. Vol. 22-26)
/"-/ '
/ ' / ',
/ ' / '
I ' I ',
I ' I '
I ' I '
I ', I '
/ ' / '
/ ' / ',
/ ' / ', A
1200
1100
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100 --·--/ ···""':..:~ .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... ... . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC
The College
•
VIMS SEA GRANT PROGRAM
