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City Government City: a municipal government City: a municipal government A municipality is an incorporated place. A municipality is an incorporated place. What does it mean to be incorporated? What does it mean to be incorporated? A place with an officially organized government that provides services to residents A place with an officially organized government that provides services to residents Cities are created when residents apply to the state legislature for a city charter. Cities are created when residents apply to the state legislature for a city charter. City charter: a document that grants power to a local government City charter: a document that grants power to a local government A city constitution A city constitution
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LOCAL LOCAL GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT
County GovernmentsCounty Governments CountyCounty: the largest territorial and : the largest territorial and
political subdivision of a statepolitical subdivision of a state Make sure people have order, protection, Make sure people have order, protection,
and servicesand services
Run by a Run by a county board of county board of commissionerscommissioners Elected by residents of countyElected by residents of county Administers statewide programs and Administers statewide programs and
makes rules to meet the needs of the makes rules to meet the needs of the citizens of the countycitizens of the county
City GovernmentCity Government City: a municipal governmentCity: a municipal government A municipality is an incorporated place.A municipality is an incorporated place. What does it mean to be incorporated?What does it mean to be incorporated?
A place with an officially organized A place with an officially organized government that provides services to government that provides services to residentsresidents
Cities are created when residents apply to Cities are created when residents apply to the state legislature for a the state legislature for a city chartercity charter.. City charterCity charter: a document that grants power : a document that grants power
to a local governmentto a local government A city constitutionA city constitution
City GovernmentCity Government Services provided by city Services provided by city
governments:governments: Law enforcementLaw enforcement Fire protectionFire protection Street repairStreet repair Water and sewage systemsWater and sewage systems Garbage pickupGarbage pickup Parks and recreationParks and recreation
Mayor-Council FormMayor-Council Form Power divided between branchesPower divided between branches
Legislative = city councilLegislative = city council Sets city policy, enacts laws (ordinances), adopts city Sets city policy, enacts laws (ordinances), adopts city
budgetbudget Executive = mayorExecutive = mayor
Represents the cityRepresents the city Oversees the operation of administrative officesOversees the operation of administrative offices Appoints the heads of departmentsAppoints the heads of departments
Voters elect mayor and city council membersVoters elect mayor and city council members Strong-mayor systemStrong-mayor system: mayor has strong executive : mayor has strong executive
powerspowers Weak-mayor systemWeak-mayor system: mayor’s authority is limited: mayor’s authority is limited
Council-Manager FormCouncil-Manager Form Voters elect the city council Voters elect the city council
(legislature)(legislature) Makes policy, adopts ordinances, Makes policy, adopts ordinances,
approves budgetapproves budget City council appoints a city managerCity council appoints a city manager
Recommends a budget, oversees city Recommends a budget, oversees city departments, deals with personal mattersdepartments, deals with personal matters
Mayor acts as member and presiding Mayor acts as member and presiding officer of the councilofficer of the council
Most popular form of city government today.Most popular form of city government today.
Commission FormCommission Form Voters elect 5 commissionersVoters elect 5 commissioners Each commissioner heads a major dept.Each commissioner heads a major dept.
police, fire, finance, health, public workspolice, fire, finance, health, public works Commissioners perform executive duties Commissioners perform executive duties
for their particular department.for their particular department. Meet together with legislative powers to Meet together with legislative powers to
pass city ordinances and make policy pass city ordinances and make policy decisionsdecisions
One commissioner chosen to be ceremonial One commissioner chosen to be ceremonial mayormayor
Not very popular.Not very popular. No one person in charge.No one person in charge. New commissioners may not be very familiar with dept.New commissioners may not be very familiar with dept. Difficult to resolve disputes between commissioners.Difficult to resolve disputes between commissioners.
Special DistrictsSpecial Districts A unit of government that deals with a A unit of government that deals with a
specific functionspecific function Ex: education, water supply, transportationEx: education, water supply, transportation
Most common example: local school districtMost common example: local school district School board: council of a local school districtSchool board: council of a local school district Can be either elected or appointedCan be either elected or appointed Help determine educational policy in a city or Help determine educational policy in a city or
countycounty
Alderman represents city districts and work Alderman represents city districts and work with the mayor to run city gov’twith the mayor to run city gov’t
Metropolitan AreasMetropolitan Areas A central city and its surrounding A central city and its surrounding
suburbssuburbs
Growth in population and Growth in population and expanding businesses & industryexpanding businesses & industry Problems: transportation, pollution Problems: transportation, pollution
control, law enforcement, land-use control, law enforcement, land-use managementmanagement
TownsTowns A political unit that is A political unit that is
larger than a village and larger than a village and smaller than a citysmaller than a city
Town meetings popular in New Town meetings popular in New England statesEngland states
TownshipsTownships A subdivision of a countyA subdivision of a county Smaller than New England towns but Smaller than New England towns but
have similar governmentshave similar governments Most run by an elected body of officialsMost run by an elected body of officials Have declined in importance due to the Have declined in importance due to the
growth of cities and countiesgrowth of cities and counties Townships often work together with Townships often work together with
county governments to provide local county governments to provide local servicesservices
Law enforcementLaw enforcement SheriffSheriff
County’s highest elected law County’s highest elected law enforcement officerenforcement officer
Chief of PoliceChief of Police Appointed commanding officer of Appointed commanding officer of
the city’s police departmentthe city’s police department