Chapter II. OVERVIEW OF THE LGU PROFILEA. Ecological Profile Brief History of Barugo, Leyte

Figure I Map of the Philippines in Year 1662 showing Barugo, Leytehttp://images.search.yahoo.com/images - keyword - Cartes Des Isles PhilippinesNational Library of Australia, Bellin, Jacques Nicolas, 1703-1772.Carte des isles Philippines [cartographic material]1746 - 1770. MAP RM 1662.

During the early days of the Spanish regime in the Philippines, a group of Malay traders headed by Tamodo landed on the northern plains of Leyte.Tamodo and his brothers, Kasadok and Sikatuna,were accompanied by some relatives, servants and other families. The said part of the island was frequently drove by Moro plunderers and so they finally found a settlement four(4) kilometers away from the seacoast. The area was an ideal haven for them for it was safe from the easy approach of the Moro plunderers. It offered them a peaceful settlement and an ideal hunting ground for economic subsistence. They found abundant gogo vines in the area which they loved to use for bathing purposes, It is from this gogo word from which Balugo which later became the name of the settlement was coined. After the death of Tamodo, Kasadok rose into power. As the villages chieftain, he changed the site of the settlement to a better place for strategic and economic reasons. He consequently chose a place situated along the banks of Arabunog River whose surrounding forest was good for rice cultivation. To realize this, he ordered his people to clear the northern and southern portion of the new found settlement. Said place is now known as sitios Hawod, Laktosan, Tanaku and Asug. In 1636, a Spanish expeditionary force with a missionary priest visited Balugo. Kasadok and the Spanish commander had a blood compact as a sign of true and lasting friendship. The Spaniards bartered goods such as combs, mirrors, bowls and plates and clothing materials with rice, chicken, pigs, vegetables and other native products. Friendship between the natives and the Spaniards soon developed. Through the Chieftain, the people were converted into Christianity and were asked to pay tribute to the King of Spain. Kasadok, Sikatuna and Panilawon together with their men were asked to pay tribute to the King of Spain. Kasadok, Sikatuna and Panilawon together with their men were baptized by the Spanish missionary priest. It was likewise agreed that Spanish soldiers and a missionary priest be stationed at Balugo settlement to help the natives spiritually and economically.The following year, September 12, 1637, another expeditionary force from Spain arrived and settled in Balugo. This become the fulfillment of the agreement between Kasadok and the Spanish commander of the first expeditionary force which visited the place. This marked the incorporation of the settlement of Balugo to the mainstream of Spanish dominated area in the Visayas. Tamodo automatically turned vassal to Spain. The construction of a Catholic Church further symbolized full Hispanization of Balugo, a Spanish parish priest was said to have much difficulty in pronouncing Balugo that he requested to change the letter l to r. Since then, the name of the village become BARUGO instead of BALUGO.

LocationFigure 2 Location Map of Barugo, Leyte

Source: MPDO GIS data, LGU BarugoBarugo is located northwest of Leyte Island and is almost 50 kilometers from Tacloban City the regional capital of Eastern Visayas. It is bounded on the east by San Miguel Leyte, south by Jaro, Leyte, west by Carigara, Leyte and north by Carigara Bay. TopographyBarugo has mixed topographic relief. The northern, northwestern, southwestern and some portions are board area of level to nearly level land. The northeastern portion has a steeply undulating and rolling land sloping in many directions. The eastern portion has a moderately undulating and rolling land sloping in many directions. The southeastern portion has gently sloping areas with land sloping in one general direction to gently land sloping in more than one general direction and board area of land to nearly level land. SlopeThe municipality of Barugo has five (5) types of slope ranging from Slope Class A to Class E. Slope Class A with a slope limit of 0 -3% has a land area of 4,391.0798 hectares or 49.05% which is the biggest land area as compared to the other slope classes. This board area of level land to nearly level land is found in the northern, northwestern, western and some portions in the southern portions of the municipality. This type of slope is suited for lowland rice production. Slope Class B with a slope limit of 3 8% had the second biggest land area of 1, 991, 0000 hectares or 22.24%. These gently sloping areas in one general direction to gently undulating and gently rolling land sloping in more than one general direction is suited for upland rice production and mechanized rice production. These areas are mostly found in the southeastern portion of the municipality with small patches in the eastern and northwestern portions. Slope Class C with a slope limit of 8 18% has the third largest land area of 1,550.7500 hectares or 17.32%. This moderately undulating and rolling land sloping in many directions is suited for livestock production and fruit bearing trees. These areas are mostly found in the eastern portion of the municipality with small portions in the northeastern, southern and southwestern portions. Slope Class D with a slope limit of 18 30% has a land area of 895.2500 hectares or 10.00%. This steeply undulating and rolling land sloping in many directions is suited for tree crop planting. These areas are mostly found in the northeastern portion of the municipality, with small patches in the central and southern portions. Slope Class E with a slope limit of 30 50% has the smallest land area of 124.7500 hectares or 1.39%. This very steeply sloping land in many directions to many direction to hilly areas is not suited to any type of agriculture. It should be left to timber production.

GeologyBased on the development map of the MHS Human Settlements Regulatory Commission, Region VIII as reference, two kinds of bedrock foundations are found in the Municipality of Barugo. Marly limestone and poorly consolidated sediments has the biggest land area of 4,946.5758 hectares or 55.25% while metamorphosed rocks, volcanic and highly crystallized rocks comprised 4,006.2500 hectares of 44.75%. BEDROCK FORMATIONLAND AREA (HAS)PERCENT TO TOTAL

1. Marly limestone and a poorly Consolidated sediments2. Metamorphosed rocks, volcanic & highly crystallized rocks.

4,946.5756

4,006.258055.25

44.75

TOTAL8,952.8258100%

Table 1: Bedrock formation of the MunicipalitySource: Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) region VIII

SoilsThe Municipality of Barugo has six (6) soil types, Luisiana Clay with 2,496.000 hectares or 27.88% is found in northeastern and eastern portions of the municipality. Guinbalaon Clay with 328.0000 hectares or 3.66% is found in the southeastern of the municipality. Palo Clay loam with 2,888.8258 hectares or 32.7% is found in the southeastern of the municipality. In the central portion of the municipality, is San Manuel silt loams with 2,296.0000 hectares or 3.26 are found around the estuarine areas and along the seashore.The description of the soil types with the corresponding crops suitable to each type is given below.

1. Luisiana Clay - is characterized with rolling to hilly photography, similar to the guinbalaon soils. The soil is well drained. The run-off in cultivated area is excessive and often times produce gullies.

In between slopes of hills the drainage condition is poor. Since water collects in these areas are usually converted into lowland rise paddies.

Corn and rice, upland and lowland, as well as coconut are the principal crops planted on this soil. In general, the soil is poor. Other crops grown are bananas and sugar cane.

Accelerated soil erosion on this soil type is a success especially on slopes ranging from 10 to 15 percent. To minimize its occurrence and to avoid the subsequent destruction, some conservation measures such as contour farming, strip cropping and terracing should be adopted. Lands under this type with steep slopes should be planted to permanent crops like fruit trees, coffee and cacao, rather than grow them to seasonal crops.

2. Guinbalaon Clay has rolling to roughly topography. Because of the few rivers and gullies that traverse this soil it may be conveniently cultivated by farm machinery as the wide trusts of land permit cultivation at a time. Only those portions that lower the mountain sides are generally much rougher. These on the lower parts are less rough.

This soil is well drained. Surface runoff, however, is excessive and often causes gullies to cut through the cultivated areas. This internal drainage is fair. This soil is seldom planted to lowland rice3. Palo-Clay-Loam Although apparently level, has several depressed areas, where runoff water easily collects and forms condition intermittent swamps. There are several rivers and creeks that traverse this soil type but because of the very low grade of slope, flow of water is very sluggish and takes considerable time to drain. The sluggishness in drainage is attributed to the rather shallow water table, usually on water from the surface.

Native vegetation consists mostly of grasses like talahib, tambo and agingay. Entangled with those grasses are several species of vines that makes them appear impenetrable. Such growths are common along river banks. Other species of plants which are mostly weeds that grow on fallowed lowland rice fields are various species of cyperaceous plants like biga-as, ager and tiong. These plants are common not only on rice paddies but also in all wet or swampy portions of this soil type. As in this case of the Paing series, badiang and lumbia are found best in somewhat smaller quantities. Camias are also found growing wild along the drainage canals. Of the trees, several species of the Picus family like balete, tibig and is-is are found growing.

This layer is fairly rich in organic matter, it being constantly supplied by dead grass leaves, and straws of the rice crop. When this soil contains the right amount of moisture, plowing is very easy and pulverization is easily accomplished with the use of the bamboo harrows. Since there are no boulders of any kind, cultivation with mechanized units can be done if desired. This soil seldom cakes or hardens upon drying.

4. San Manuel Silt Loam is the largest in area and the most important of them all agriculturally. Although some depressions or sinkholes are present in this type, water does not stay long on them but readily percolates. Drainage takes place readily because the whole deposit of alluvium from which this soil developed is loose and friable.

The surface soil of San Manuel Slit Loam is light and brown and is moderately loose to slightly friable in consistency. Its very fine granular structure makes this soil easy to work. The soils in cultivated areas fairly rich in organic matter, but those under native vegetation have dark grayish soils indicating high content of organic residues. In as such as the precipitation in the province is generally heavy, and that this soil is fairly well drained, it may be safely assumed that its reaction has a tendency towards acidity. Forest, which requires almost neutral soil, is found growing well on this soil. The sub soil is fairly deep, reaching to 80 centimeters below the surface. This horizon which is dark brown to light brown has a good fine granular structure. Facing from its color, this layer does not contain as much organic matter as the surface soil. Stones or boulders are about and being very friable, roots of plants penetrate through this layer easily.San Manuel Silt Loam is mostly utilized for the culture of lowland rice whenever the supply of water can be controlled. Sweet potato is also grown on this soil. This important root crop of the province is oftentimes used as a substitute for rice.

5. Obando Fine Sand the only soil type classified under this Obando series is found on the eastern part of Leyte. It has an almost flat topography. In spite of its relief, drainage is excessive. The loose and structure less condition of the soil throughout the entire profile makes percolation very excessive. It is thereof, not used to find soil poor in organic matter content, low in bases, and low in water holding capacity.

This soil type being well drained is highly desired for residential purposes. The native vegetation consists of some bamboo grooves, aroma and a variety of cropping leguminous vine. The greater part of the area under this soil type has been developed for coconuts.

This type is extensively planted to coconut as the crop ceases to be suitable to the soil. Some fruit trees are very healthy and heavy yielder. This soil is fitted not only to coconuts but also to a great variety of crops when adequately supplied with organic water, carefully fertilized, and properly cultivated.

6. Hydrosol The coastal areas around Leyte which are swamps are classified under the term hydrosol. Such areas are depending upon the tides, either under seawater or saturated with brackish water throughout the year. Hydrosol consists of several layers. The uppermost part which is brackish and whose depth depends on the rise and fall of the tide is called the aqueous horizon. Occupying a thin layer between the aqueous and the soil material below is the sub-aqueous horizon. This consists of slimy mud and partly decomposed plant material that are gray to brownish gray. Beneath this layer is the soil material on the sub-based horizon which consists of an alluvial deposit of sand and clay. When wet, the soil is dark gray but becomes gray upon drying.

This gray coloration may be attributed to poor or total absence of aeration. The sub-based layer os very soft, sticky and structure less mass whose depth often reaches to one meter from the sub-aqueous horizon.

The native vegetation on this land type is very distinct in that only very definite kinds of plants can grow on it. The common trees found growing are bakanon, longaray, api-api, pagatpat and tabigi. Of palms, nipa is the most important growing on the hydrosols.

SOIL TEXTURELAND AREAPERCENT TOTAL

2, 496.000328.00002,888.82582,296.0000652.0000292.000027.883.6632.2725.657.283.26

TOTAL8, 952.8258100%

Table No. 2 TEXTURE OF SOIL SURFACESource: Soil map, Bureau of Soils

Land Capability

The municipality of Barugo has four (4) types of land capability classes distributed in its entirety. The widest land area of 4, 504.8258 hectares or 50.32% is under land capability class A. This is a very good land, can be cultivated safely and requires only simple but good farm management. This type is located in the cultural, western and southeastern portions of the municipality. The second biggest land area of 3, 756.0000 hectares or 41.95% is under land capability Class M. This type which is found in the northeastern, eastern, southern and southwestern portions of the municipality is a steep land, very severely to excessively eroded or shallow for cultivation. It is suited to pasture or forest with careful management. Land capability Class X has a land area of 316.0000 hectares or 3.53%. This type is located in the northern portion of the municipality along the sea shore. This is a good land, nearly level, can be cultivated safely, but due to low fertility, shallowness, doughtiness, slight alkalinity or salinity, it needs special soil management practices to maintain productivity.

Land Resources

General Land Uses:

Barugo, one of the satellite municipalities of the Province of Leyte has a total land area of 8, 952.8258 hectares. Based on the record of DENR, Regional Office, agricultural area is still the dominant land use. There are also swamps, marshes and fishponds area, the built up area, open water spaces and the road network.

Built up areas:

A land area of approximately 99.4747 hectares or 1.11% of the total land area of the municipality is occupied by the thirty seven (37) different barangays including the Poblacion barangays. These include the existing residential, commercial, institutional, parks and open spaces, transportation facilities and utilities in a particular Barangay.

Agricultural areas:

Widely dispersed within the municipality are agricultural lands occupying an approximate area of 7,995.7384 hectares or 80.31% of the total land area of the municipality. These areas are planted with coconuts, corn, vegetables and fruit bearing trees.

Swamps, Marshes/Mangroves and Fishponds:

A total land area of 664.1171 hectares or 7.42% of the total land area of the municipality is occupied by swamps, marshes, mangroves and fishponds areas which are mostly located along the seacoast.

Rivers, Creeks or Open Water Spaces:

Bodies of water within the municipality which includes the rivers, creeks and open water areas occupy a total land area of 105.5 hectares.

Road Network:

Existing roads which include the Provincial roads, the municipal streets, Barangay roads and other transportation facilities and utilities occupy an aggregate land area of 87.9956 hectares or only .98% of the total land area of the municipality.

Existing Urban Land Uses:

The Poblacion barangays which includes the six (6) districts has a total of 173.6301 hectares. This total land area is subdivided into the following land uses:

LAND USESAREA (in Hectares)PERCENT TO TOTAL

1. Built-up 2. Swamps, Marshes / Mangroves Fishponds 3. Agricultural 4. Open Water Spaces 5. Road Network / Transportation Facilities/Utilities99.4747

664.11717,995.7384105.5000

87.99561.11

7.4289.311.18

.98

TOTAL8,952.8258100

Table No. 3 Existing General land UsesSOURCES: DENR, Region VIII

Residential Areas

A total land area of 15.4739 hectares or 8.91% of the Poblacion land area are being utilized primarily for residential purposes. These land areas are widely dispersed within the six (6) districts of the Poblacion.

Commercial Areas

Areas for commercial purposes total to only 1.0001 hectares or only .58% of the total urban land area. These include the area currently used for the public market, the merchandizing stores, the sari-sari stores and the like. These areas are mostly concentrated north of the Poblacion.

Agri- Industrial Areas:

The area occupied by the existing Rice mills and the corn mill at the Poblacion is only .2652 hectare or only .15% of the total urban area.

Institutional Areas:

A total area of 4.1626 hectares or 2.40% of the total urban area is occupied by the different institutional establishments located within the Poblacion. These areas includes the municipal building and other government offices within the blocks of Burgos street and St. Rosario street, the Ferrer Central School located in front of the municipal building, the Elementary School located at Abanilla and Ponferrada Streets, which is west of the Poblacion, by the Barugo Central Elementary School on the southern portion of the Poblacion, and by the Roman Catholic Church in front of Plaza.

Parks and Open Spaces:

The Municipal Plazas in front of the municipal hall and in front of the Ferrer Central School, and the area occupied by the Roman Catholic Cemetery located on the southern portion of the Poblacion and other recreational areas within the Poblacion totals to approximately 3.2194 hectares or 1.85% of the total urban area.

Socialized Housing:

The municipalitys core shelter project spearheaded by the Social Welfare and Development Office occupies an area of three (3) hectares. This is located north of the Poblacion, in a municipal government acquired lots, primarily for the existing squatters population of the municipality.

Vacant Areas

Areas within the Poblacion which are not yet utilized for any purpose totals to 3.4217 hectares. These are widely dispersed within the Poblacion.

Rivers, Creeks, Lakes and Seas:

A total area of three (4) hectares is being occupied by the Himanglos River located within the Poblacion area. Pongso River has an approximate area of 76 hectares. Canomantag River has 3 hectares and Cabarasan River has 4 hectares.

Swamps, Marshes, Mangroves/Fishponds:

An existing land area of 35.6171 hectares is being utilized for fishponds and occupied by swamps, marshes and mangroves at the Poblacion area.

Agricultural Area:

Being an agricultural town, agriculture area is the dominant land use, even in the Poblacion. This land use occupies an aggregate land area of 92.8883 hectares or 53.5% of the total Poblacion area. These are usually located outside of the urban built-up area.

Transportation and Utilities:

Areas occupied by the existing temporary bus, jeep terminal, by the municipal streets are approximately 11.5818 hectares or 6.67% of the total urban land area.

LAND USESAREA IN HECTARESPERCENT TO TOTAL

1. Residential2. Commercial3. Agri-Industrial4. Institutional5. Parks & Open Spaces6. transportation & Utilities7. Socialized Housing8. Vacant Areas9. Rivers, Creeks, Lakes & Seas10. Agricultural11. Swamps, Marshes /Mangroves Fishponds15.47391.0001.26524.16263.219411.58183.00003.421787.00003.421735.61718.91.58.152.401.856.671.731.9733.7653.5020.50

TOTAL257.6301100%

TABLE NO. 4 EXISTING URBAN LAND USESSource: MPDO, Actual Survey

C. Population and Demographic Profile

Population:30,092 (NSO 2010 Population Survey) 27,569 (NSO 2007 Population Survey)Projected population: 33, 801 (Year 2020)Growth rate:0.014Household population:6,148 (2010 CENSUS ON POPULATION & HOUSING)D. Social Services

Only 11 Rural Barangays have no access to complete elementary school level while all 37 Barangays have access to primary elementary school. Three Barangays namely Calingcaguing, Sta. Rosa and Minuhang have National High Schools while the Poblacion area has no existing High School.

The Municipality has been constructing the Birthing Facility and will be due for completion by year 2011.

The most proximate public hospital to Barugo is the Carigara District Hospital (CDH) which is located at about 6 kilometers away from the town proper. This is under the auspices of the Provincial Government of Leyte and part of the Inter Local Health Zone (ITHZ), the Municipality is allocating funds for operational subsidy of said hospital.

All of the Barangays have existing Day Care Centers. Children of age 3-4 years old are legitimate to enroll at said Barangay facility.

E. Economy

Economic activities of the Municipality according to its major ranking are positioned as follows; Agriculture and Fishery, Commercial and Service Centers, and related Industries. Farming and fishing accounts the major economic players with almost 80% are engaged into that area. Twenty (20%) are shared by Commercial and Service Centers and related industries such as public transport, retail and wholesale, hardware, household and business services, sand and gravel, and other small scale service facilities and industries.

There are also existing local tourism spots such as beach resorts which are for continuous development by the private sector.

The Municipality of Barugo is very much dependent on the income derived from the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) and national & international development grants to sustain public service delivery. It accounts to a total of 94% of the total income of Barugo which is about Php 50,000,000.00 based from the current financial calendar. The remaining 6% are sourced from local income coming from taxes, fees, permits and licenses.

F. Infrastructure and Public Transportation

The Municipality of Barugo has a total road network of 113 kilometers. Of which, 9.30 kilometers are classified as national roads; 28.132 kilometers are provincial roads and 75.568 kilometers municipal/barangay roads. The longest road network is 7.36 kilometers traversing portions of Barangay Hiagsam & Pongso junction-Pitogo-Roosevelt section. The shortest road sections are that of Hilaba-San Isidro and San Isidro-Guindaohan with a road length of 0.20 kilometers each. The daily public transport system is plying route to Tacloban City the Capital City of Region VIII which is about 50 kilometers away. There are also public transports going to nearby town Carigara, Leyte which has a better economic activities and services that Barugo residents are getting from. The usual modes of transportations going into the rural barangays are tricycles and motorcycles (habal-habal). Fifteen (15) barangays are currently served by the Metro Carigara Water District (MCWD) while the rest have both Spring Water System and Jetmatic Pumps as their source of potable water supply. Almost all of the Barangays are now being served by its Electric Cooperative based in Tunga Leyte that of LEYECO III. The Municipality has a landline telephone facility operated by Bayan Communications Inc. It has also the services of the three mobile phone providers namely Smart Communications, Globelines and Sun Cellular. The Municipality has for its internet connectivity a Satellite Broadband facility.The national government offices located in Barugo are the following; Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) with two (2) of its attached agencies the Philippine National Police (PNP) and the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP), COMELEC, National Telecommunications Office, Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR), Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR), Philippine Coconut Authority (PCA), and the National Irrigation Authority (NIA).F. Environment

The Municipality has a controlled dumpsite facility located at Barangay Bukid which is 3 kilometers away from the town proper. Ninety percent (90%) of its solid wastes are considered biodegradable. It has also a Vermi-Composting Facility located at Poblacion District I. It is also implementing a segregated collection system at five (5) Poblacion Barangays and also at Rudlin Homes Subdivision located in Barangay Abango Barugo, Leyte.

There is no pollutant industries located within the Municipality such that the quality of air and water is generally good.

H. Institutional Machinery

Total Land Area:The municipality of Barugo occupies a total land area of 8,952.8258 hectares. This total land area is distributed to its 37 barangays including the town proper or the Poblacion. Only 170.6301 hectares or 1.95% belongs to the poblacion, while the biggest portion of 8,782.1957 hectares or 98.05% is the area of the 31 rural barangays. The biggest Barangay in terms of land area is Barangay Ibag with 845.4843 hectares, followed by Barangay Balud with 721.7234 hectares and Barangay Santa Rosa with 712.4054 hectares while the barangay with the smallest land area is Barangay Minuswang with 86.0562 hectares, followed by Barangay Domogdog with 91.7919 hectares and Barangay Cuta with 125.9273 hectares. Total Number of Barangays: 37 Barangays with 10 Coastal and 27 landlocked barangays.10 Coastal Barangays1. Canomantag6. Poblacion District V2. Minuswang7. Domogdog3. Santarin8. Minuhang4. Poblacion District I9. Balud5. Poblacion District III10. Duka27 Landlocked Barangays1. Abango11. Hiagsam21. Pongso2. Amahit12. Hilaba22. Roosevelt3. Balire 13. Hinugayan23. San Isidro4. Bukid14. Ibag24. Sta. Rosa5. Bulod15. Pikas25. Tutug-an6. Busay16. Pitogo26. Cabarasan7. Caboloan17. Poblacion District II27. San Roque8. Calingcaguing18. Poblacion District III9. Can-Isak19. Poblacion District IV10. Guindaohan20. Poblacion District VI

Organizational Structure

POLITICAL PROFILE:Name of Mayor:Atty. Alden Montao Avestruz Name of Vice Mayor:Hon. Dolores C. BoydSangguniang Bayan Members:1. Hon. Josephine C. TiuChairperson: Trade & Industry Chairperson: Health, Sanitation, Clean &Green2. Hon. Venerando C. VillasinChairperson: Public Market & SlaughterHouse3. Hon. Efren A. AvestruzChairperson: Finance & AppropriationChairperson: 4. Hon. Federico Ayes Jr.Chairperson: Police & Fire Protection Matters, Public Safety & Human Rights 5. Hon. Antonio ArponChairperson: Engineering, Infrastructure &Public Works5. Hon. Divina C. BualesChairperson: Education, Culture & ScienceChairperson: Housing, &Urban Development6. Hon. Artemio L. ApostolChairperson: Agriculture, Fisheries & CooperativesChairperson: Natural Resources, &Environmental Protection7. Hon. Marilyn A. AstorgaChairperson: Oversight Committee Chairperson: Human ResourceEnhancement, Gender AdvancementSocial & Cultural AffairsChairperson: Appointment, Promotion,Labor & Employment

LOCAL DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL

Chairman Atty. Alden M. Avestruz Municipal Mayor

Members 37 Punong Barangays

1. District I, PoblacionHon. Alden L. Apostol2. District II, PoblacionHon. Jeffrey C. Caezal3. District III, PoblacionHon. Marl A. De Guzman4. District IV, PoblacionHon. Jesus B. Cabanacan5. District V, PoblacionHon. Angel P. Tiu Jr.6. District VI, PoblacionHon. Violeta A. Magadan7. AbangoHon. Alejandro A. Darnayla8. AmahitHon. Joemar Q. Acebo9. BalireHon. Eusebio B. Boreres10. BaludHon. Rogelio C. Claros11. BukidHon. Magdalena C. Salvacion12. BulodHon. Mario C. Panis13. BusayHon. Violeta A. Alberca14. CabarasanHon. Leonilo G. Colibao15. CaboloanHon. Edita C. Alonzo16. CalingcaguingHon. Ma. Marita Q. Babor17. Can-isakHon. Josephine P. Verzosa18. CanomantagHon. Noel L. Briones19. CutaHon. Serapio P. Castroverde20. DomogdogHon. Pantaleon F. Castroverde21. DukaHon. Genilyn M. Sanoria22. GuindaohanHon. Rhonel A. Agosto23. HiagsamHon. Danilo D. Ariza24. HilabaHon. Benilda A. MAdronero25. HinugayanHon Rumolo A. Mobilla26. IbagHon. Roger A. Bael27. MinuhangHon. Felimon I. Marabe28. MinuswangHon. Roque B. Pearanda29. PikasHon. Edmond L. Balais30. PitogoHon. Joel P. Panao31. PongsoHon. Gilda G. Elizondo32. RooseveltHon. Domingo E. Adrales33. San IsidroHon. Rodolfo P. Busante34. San RoqueHon. Ramel E. Panis35. SantarinHon. Marglenn E. Corbilla36. Sta. RosaHon. Manuel S. Cayubit37. Tutug-anHon. Virginia A. Cebrano

List of duly Accredited Cooperatives and Non-Governmental Organizations of the Sangguniang Bayan of Barugo, Leyte to wit:

Metro Ormoc Community Cooperative (OCCI) Jane Q. Jumao-as (Executive Secretary) The Circulo Barugeo of Metro Manila Officers of Circulo Barugeo Incorporation ( President - Jorge Valentino V. Aruta) Amahit Coconut Farmers Multi-Purpose Cooperative Donato Ayuste Centenial Force Foundation INC. Ernesto Madriaga Barugo Senior Citizens Association Alejandro Cadiente Sta Cruz Youth Circle Hinugayan Small Coconut Farmers Cooperative. Amahit Small Coconut Farmers Cooperative, INC. Minuswang Multi-Purpose Cooperative, INC. Bulod Farmers Associations New Road Farmers Multi-Purpose Cooperative Abango Small Coconut Farmers Association

B. RISK PROFILE FOR RAPID ONSET HAZARD BROUGHT ABOUT BY THE CHANGING CLIMATE

Climate Type

According to the Corona Climate Classification Chart, Barugo lies within the Type IV climate which means there is no distinct dry and wet season. Generally, Barugo experiences the wet months during the northwest monsoon season that is from November to May while the dry season from April to May.

Natural Topography

Below is the watershed map showing the location of Barugo with respect to different watershed divides;

As shown, Barugo is a catch basin of three watersheds that of Canomantag, Pongso and Cabarasan. The major rivers are Canomantag River, Pongso River, Arabunog River, Himanglos River and Cabarasan River. Carigara Bay is the run off point of all these rivers.

Hydro-meteorological hazards

Historically, the town had been hit by strong typhoons and the most damaging were Typhoon's Claring sometime in the 1960's, Typhoon atang in 1978, Typhoon Undang in 1984 and Typhoon Frank in 1998.Being within a typhoon belt corridor and at the same time a catch basin area of three (3) watershed divides, Barugo is very much vulnerable and exposed to hydro-meteorological hazards such as typhoons, storm surges, rain induced landslide and flooding.

Vulnerability to Hydro-meteorological hazard

Flooding in a Category 5 Typhoon

Almost one third of the area in Barugo will be flooded in a worst case scenario situation. That would be possible if there will be a Category 5 Typhoon (with wind speed of more than 250 kph and rainfall amount of more than 300 mm), high tide, too much rainfall and storm surge inundation.

Storm Surge in a Category 5 Typhoon

The shoreline of Barugo will experience a maximum height of as much as 4 meters storm surge as reflected in the hazard map given by READY Project as of year 2007. The barangays vulnerable to storm surge hazard are Canomantag, Minuswang, Santarin, Poblacion I, III, & V, Domogdog, Minuhang, Balud and Duka.

Rain Induced Landslide Hazard

Because of the low elevation and gently rolling terrain of Barugo, it is only categorized as having low susceptibility to rain induced landslide hazard.

Barugo has initiated Barangay Based Participatory Land Use Planning through the assistance of German International Cooperation (GIZ) and one of the output of all barangays is to come up with a risk assessment and mapping of their respective barangays. Their output were consolidated, validated and processed by the sectoral planning body as well as the technical staff of the Municipality.

As shown below is the photo of the barangay based land use and risk assessment in one of the baragay;

LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN 2011-2021

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Below is the risk assessment matrix summary of the municipality in relation to hydro-meteorological hazards;

HAZARDVULNERABILITYVULNERABILITY/RISKRATING

SENSITIVITYEXPOSURECAPACITY

Flooding Storm Surge Rain induced landslide

High (Flooding and Storm Surge)Low (Rain Induced Landslide)

1. Communitiesstill need more trainings, early warning systemand rescue equipments.

2. The Municipality is very much exposed to flooding& storm surge.

3. High poverty index.

36.6% of the population(11, 380), is considered poor2,183 Households within the flood prone area(35% of the totalHH)Lack of awareness on family disaster prevention, mitigation and preparedness.

2,859 aged4 years old & below1,000 aged 4 yearsOld & below w/inFlood prone areaFunctional MDRRMC and BDRRMC

Access to national early and local warning system e.g. Project NOAH, radio, TV, cell phone and social media. Local - Bandillo and flood warning signs

Barangays underwent participatory planning to include hazard and vulnerability mapping

All barangays have designated evacuation centers

Lack of disaster rescue equipments.

2,347 aged 60 years old & over820 aged 60 yrs.Old and up w/inFlood prone area.Barangays have community volunteers in emergency and disaster operations.

Himanglos river flood control need structural repair.

Poor drainage facility.

Poblacion barangays are protected by mangroves

LGU lacks budget on DRRM and CCA.

600 hectares of Riceland prone to floodingCatch basin area (Slope 0-5 meters is almost 1/3 of the total area.

Chapter III. Climate Profile

Past Climate Data and Related Disaster Risk Events

Based on records of PAG-ASA, the following data showed typhoon tracks and its perceived strength in terms of wind intensity as well as cost of damages to lives and properties;

1. TY "Asiang" (5 to 9 Jan. 1972)Casualties: 209 Damages : PHP 145 M2. TY "Auring" (22 to 25 Jan. 1975)Casualties: 48 Damages : PHP 16 MLEGEND:=>TD (up to 63 kph)=>TS (64 - 117 kph)=>TY (over 117 kph)1) January

BARUGO

2) March

1. TY "Bising" (22 to 29 Mar. 1962)Casualties: 203 Damages :PHP587.5 MLEGEND:=>TD (up to 63 kph)=>TS (64 - 117 kph)=>TY (over 117 kph)

BARUGO

1. TY "Atang" (18 to 27 Apr. 1978)Casualties: 111 Damages :PHP 245 M2. TY "Bebeng" (12 to 20 Apr. 1979)Casualties: 93 Damages :PHP 267.2 MLEGEND:=>TD (up to 63 kph)=>TS (64 - 117 kph)=>TY (over 117 kph)3) April

BARUGO

1. TY "Klaring" (11 to 22 May 1966)Casualties: 82 dead Damages :PHP 120 M2. TY "Didang" (12 to 26 May 1976)Casualties: 347 Damages :PHP 624.7 MLEGEND:=>TD (up to 63 kph)=>TS (64 - 117 kph)=>TY (over 117 kph)4) May

BARUGO

1. TY "Konsing" (22 to 25 June 1972)Casualties: 131 dead Damages :PHP 100 M2. TY "Goring" (23 to 27 June 1983)Casualties: 56 Damages:PHP 2,774.4 MLEGEND:=>TD (up to 63 kph)=>TS (64 - 117 kph)=>TY (over 117 kph)5) June

BARUGO

1. TY "Yoling" (17 to 20 Nov. 1970)Casualties: 611 Damages : PHP 460M2. TY "Anding" (22 to 27 Nov. 1981)Casualties: 409 Damages : PHP 649.9 M3. TY "Sisang" (23 to 27 Nov. 1987)Casualties: 9794. TY "Undang" (3 to 6 Nov. 1984)Casualties: 1,167 Damages : PHP 1,540.0 M5. TY "Ruping" (10 to 14 Nov. 1990)Casualties: 748 Damages : PHP 10,276.5 MLEGEND:=>TD (up to 63 kph)=>TS (64 - 117 kph)=>TY (over 117 kph)6) November

BARUGO

Based on the above records of destructive typhoons, the closest typhoon path with Barugo are that of Typhoon's Asiang (January, 1972), Atang (April, 1978),Bebeng (April, 1979), Klaring (May, 1966), and Undang(November, 1984). These typhoons registered winds withmaximum strength of 120 kph and more.Other Typhoon which occurred in the later year that also went near Barugo is Typhoon Frank sometime in June 2008. Aside from typhoons, northeast monsoon which occurs from November to March also unleash heavy amount of rainfall triggering flooding in low lying barangays.The photo shown below is a flooding due to rainy season during northeast monsoon. It occurred last March 17, 2011.

Future Climate Trends and its Associated Climate Risks

As stated in the National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP) 2011-2028, " The global and local climate is changing. Current climate trends show that the Philippines, like the rest of the world, has exhibited increasing temperatures,with observed mean temperature increase of 0.64 C or an average of 0.01 C per year-increase from 1951-2010. In the last 59 years, maximum (daytime) andminimum (night time) temperatures are also seen to have increased by 0.36 C and 0.1 C, respectively. Moreover, the analysis on tropical cyclone passage overLuzon, Visayas and Mindanao using a 30-year running mean shows that there has been a slight increase in the number of cyclones in the Visayas during the 1971-2000 period as compared with the 1951 to 1980 and 1960- 1990 periods (PAGASA 2011). Using a mid-range emissions scenario, the climate projections done by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration(PAGASA) for 2020 and 2050 indicate that all areas of the Philippines will get warmer, with largest increase in temperatures in the summer months of March, Apriland May (MAM). Mean temperatures in all areas in the Philippines are expected to rise by 0.9 C to 1.1 C in 2020 and by 1.8 C to 2.2 C in 2050.

The German International Cooperation (GIZ) has provided Barugo one of its local government partners in Environmental and Natural Resource Governance Program (EnRD) downscaled climate models to be used in the climate change adaptation planning. The result for Barugo is shown below;

Based on the downscaled models for Barugo, both precipitation and temperature in the 2020 and 2050 will most likely have significant increase that may result to climactic abnormalities that will brought slow and rapid onset hazards as claimed by experts in climatological research worldwide. The evidence are pointing out to new adaptation measures as contained in the NAtional Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP) 2011-2028.II. LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION PLAN

BARUGO, LEYTE DRRM AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION VISION

"A SAFE AND DISASTER-RESILIENT COMMUNITY WITH CAPACITATED AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTIVE CITIZENRY THROUGH EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT GENDER RESPONSIVE POLICIES TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT.