LNG and Low Temperature Gas Storage

LNG and LowTemperature Gas Storage

www.oerlikon-welding.com

OERLIKON Welding Solutions for LNGand Low Temperature Gas Storage

1

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

OERLIKON Solutions for LNG and Low Temperature Gas Storage . . . 3

ConsumablesLNG Onshore storage Background and Construction Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 to 6 Fabrication Guidelines - Welding Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 to 9

OERLIKON consumables selection Summary of Welding Consumables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 to 11 Classification Society Approvals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 to 13

Product Focus: Welding Consumables for Low AlloyFerritic steels for low temperature service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Other Gas Storage and Low Temperature Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Propane Acetylene Argon Ammonia Carbon Dioxide Oxygen Ethane Ethylene

Associated stainless steel applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Consumables Packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

Arc Equipment MIG/MAG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 TIG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 MMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Plasma Cutting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Automation Automatic Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Automatic Cutting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Personal Protection Equipment, PPEand Workplace Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Conversion Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 to 28

Welding Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Air Liquide SA, with its headquarters in Paris, France,is one of Europes larger multinational companieswith a consolidated turnover of 15.2 billion in 2013.

Air Liquide Welding is represented throughout the world byindividual companies with a brand portfolio optimised locally to the needs of all types of customers. OERLIKON brandis an important part of this portfolio and has a long anddistinguished history of innovation in welding products.

These Air Liquide Welding companies are involved in manydifferent areas of OERLIKON product design, development and application. Organised in Poles of Excellence, our Research& Development & Industrialisation teams are located in 3manufacturing units in Due Carrare (Italy), Pont-Sainte-Maxence(France) and Eisenberg (Germany).

This facilitates the rapid transfer and implementation ofimportant innovations and advances in welding technologythroughout the whole of the OERLIKON global network.

The utilisation of the strengths and experience of this networkenables OERLIKON to maintain its position and internationalreputation for innovative leadership at the forefront of advanced

welding technology in both welding consumables andincreasingly equipment and processes.

With this background, OERLIKON has generated a provenhistory of supplying welding consumables on an ongoing basisfor the most demanding and critical cryogenic applicationssuch as LNG storage and for applications requiring high levelsof fracture toughness at low temperatures.

OERLIKON has continued to work closely with owners,construction contractors and fabricators to supply customisedsolutions through performance and innovation by developingand supplying welding consumables and processes capable ofmeeting the stringent mechanical property specifications andincreasingly the demands for enhanced welding productivity.

OERLIKON welding consumables are now accompaniedby extensive ranges of high quality arc welding and cuttingequipment, manual through to fully automated installations,flame and workplace products.

Introduction

2

FlexibilityThe OERLIKON product range is continuously developing inresponse to changing technological requirements. For example,as new steel types are developed and used, as new moredemanding applications are developed, so OERLIKON reactsto provide the right products, regularly meeting engineeringdepartments and major manufacturers at the design stage toensure optimum welding solutions.

InformationAll OERLIKON products are backed by a full technical informationpackage, which is available in printed or electronic format, on theOERLIKON web sites. Product information is written to enable theprofessional welding engineer to select the correct OERLIKONproduct for the application. In order to elaborate the technology ofthe product range in more detail, technical articles are available in thejournal of OERLIKONs welding and cutting expertise, Competence.

Track RecordOERLIKON is a technological innovator and major supplier ofwelding products to large industries. A track record of highlysuccessful products combining quality and technology withtechnical service has been firmly established.

QualityOERLIKON has a total commitment to quality. The product rangesare manufactured in group production facilities, all of which are ISOcertified. Detailed certification for welding consumables is suppliedas a matter of routine and customers special quality requirementsfor increased frequency of batch testing or specialised certificationare also readily accommodated. Large single batches of weldingconsumables, with specialised testing, are regularly supplied tocustomers fabricating LNG storage tanks.

Technical ServiceOERLIKONs involvement with its products does not stop atmanufacture. OERLIKON provides a close and detailed participationwith the application of products, right from the initial selection towelding characteristics on site. A team of highly qualified engineersis ready to respond, with the objective of providing technologicallyrelevant and practical solutions. For technically demandingapplications, please consult OERLIKON Technical service. A largeinformation base is at the service of every customer to ensure themost cost effective selection of process and welding procedure tomeet the needs of any application.

The value of international expertise:

3

Demand the Welding Expertise

Steel Type Specificationof BMMin service

temperature CProcess /

product storedFine GrainedC/Mn steel

EN10028-3P460NL2 -50 C

Ammonia,Propane (LPG)

0.5% NiEN 10028-411MnNi5-313MnNi6-3

-60 C LPG, Propylene

1.5% Ni steel EN10028-415NiMn6-60 C /-80 C Ammonia, Propane

2.5% Ni steel ASTM A203 Gr.B -60 C /-80 C Ammonia, Propane

3.5% Ni steel ASTM A203 Gr.E-FEN 10028-4 12Ni14 -101 CCarbon dioxide,

Acetylene, Ethane

5% Ni steel EN 10028-4 X12Ni5 -120 C Ethylene (LEG)

9% Ni steel A353/A553EN 10028-4 X8Ni9 -196 CMethane (LNG),Oxygen, Argon

AusteniticStainless steel 304L, 316L -273 C

Nitrogen,Hydrogen, Helium

For details of the complete product range,consult www.oerlikon-welding.com

OERLIKON Welding Solutionsfor LNG and Low Temperature Gas Storage

2010

-807

4Natural gas represents a significant part of total world energyconsumption, driven by both economic & ecological advantages.The reserves of natural gas are generally remote from the pointsof consumption, leading to major investments in transportationand storage.

Natural gas cooled to -162 C at atmospheric pressurecondenses to a liquid known as liquid natural gas or LNG.LNG is an efficient route for transportation and storage as theliquid gas occupies ~1/600th the volume of natural gas.

Material selection for LNG large storage tanksMaterial dedicated for storage & transportation of natural gasat cryogenic temperatures should have high ductility andresistance to cracking.

For economic reasons, a high strength steel grade is required inorder to reduce the section thicknesses and hence the weightof steel sections when building cryogenic storage tanks.

9%nickel steel is selected, in place of stainless steels, due tothe combination of high strength and reliable fracture toughnessat -196 C. Due to the combination of a low carbon content andlow levels of impurity elements with a process route includingheat treatment cycles such as quenching or normalising followedby a tempering treatment, 9%Ni steel retains reliable mechanicalproperties at cryogenic temperatures.

9%Ni steel specifications and a summary of mechanicalproperties are shown below:

There are several types and designs of onshore tanks for thestorage of LNG, designed for single, double or full containmentin case of fire, or an in-ground system may be used, selected asappropriate for the surroundings of the tank. These LNG tanksare large structures, typically approximately 80 m diameter and40 m in height containing ~150,000 m3 of LNG, comprising aninner 9%Ni tank contained within an outer structural steel vapourbarrier, with an insulated cavity in between, within theslip-formed concrete tank. Design studies arein progress to confirm the possibilities oflarger onshore cryogenic tanks witha useable capacity of up to300,000 m3 of LNG.

During fabrication of an onshoreLNG tank, the dome roof isfabricated inside the structure andon completion is raised to the top.The plate thicknesses of the tankvary to accommodate thehydrostatic loading from the liquidgas, tapering from typically 27 mmat the bottom to 10 mm at the topof the tank.

LNG Onshore Storage:Background and Construction Considerations

Specification YieldStrengthTensile

StrengthElon-gation

CVNat -196 C

9% Nisteel

A 553 > 585 MPa 690-825 MPa > 20% > 34 J

A 353 > 515 MPa 690-825 MPa > 20% > 34 J

EN 10028-4X8Ni9 > 585 MPa 680-820 MPa > 18% > 70 J

EN 10028-4X7Ni9 > 585 MPa 680-820 MPa > 18% > 100 J

2010

-808

59%Ni steels are easily and strongly magnetised, consequentlyarc blow caused by residual magnetism is a consideration. OERLIKON welding consumables for fabricating 9%Ni steelsare designed for operation on alternating current with all powersource technologies.

The fabrication sequence is to weld the horizontal seams in thePC position using the submerged arc process with AC polarity,simultaneously from both sides, with either OERLIKON OP 76/NIFIL 625 or OP F77/ NIFIL C276. The vertical and overheadseams, PE and PG positions respectively, are welded using themanual metal arc process with OERLIKON FREEZAL ENi9 withAC polarity. In these section thicknesses a low pre-heat only of+10 C may be required as there are large quantities ofaustenite in the plate microstructure and therefore thesusceptibility to hydrogen, cold, cracking is inherently low.The maximum interpass temperature used is generally 150 C.These applications are further illustrated with the typical weldingprocedures shown on pp 7 to 9.

Internally, below the dome roof is an insulated aluminium deckfabricated in alloy 5083, welded using the MIG and TIGprocesses with grade 5183 consumables. 5083 series wroughtaluminium alloys contain Mg as the major alloying element and

are used in LNG storage tanks for theconstruction of walkways, due to the

combination of weight andmechanical properties.

During fabrication using the MIG and TIG processes, attentionshould be given to shielding gas purity and cleaning techniques.The OERLIKON CITOWAVE power sources have specialoperating modes used when welding aluminium alloys,the Spray ModalTM and Cold Double PulseTM modes,which reduce the risk of micro porosity, increase penetrationand minimise distortion when welding, see pages 18 & 19.

ALUFIL AlMg4.5Mn and ALUROD AlMg4.5Mn are 5183 gradealuminium alloy MIG wire and TIG rod respectively usedfor welding 5083, and similar alloy grades, where a combinationof corrosion resistance with high joint strength and toughnessare required.

Within an LNG import terminal and regasification plant there isassociated pipe work, which is typically fabricated in 300 seriesstainless steels with expansion loops to accommodate the highcoefficient of thermal expansion. Typically, 304L pipe is joinedusing the MMA and TIG processes, for MMA, OERLIKONBASINOX 308LT and for TIG, OERLIKON INERTROD 308L.For dissimilar steel joints of 300 series stainless steels toC-Mn pipe work, MMA OERLIKON BASINOX 309L and TIGOERLIKON INERTROD 309L are preferred.

2010

-810

6OERLIKON is regularly involved in engineering programmesto generate innovative solutions to new applications,in thiscase resulting in specialist welding consumables designedfor the fabrication of 9%Ni steel.

OERLIKON Welding Consumablesfor 9%Ni materialOERLIKON has developed welding solutions for 9%nickel steelsbased on both matching and nickel alloy material solutions.

Currently, matching solutions are not considered for thefabrication of large LNG storage tanks. 9%Ni matching solidand OERLIKON FLUXOCORD SAW wires in combination withthe GTAW or PAW processes have demonstrated the abilityto achieve high levels of weld metal toughness and tensilestrength, however the levels of deposition efficiency are notsufficient for the fabrication of large LNG storage tanks. Whenpost weld heat treatment is possible, the SAW process with9%Ni matching consumables becomes an option.

Large cryogenic storage tanks are subject to expansion andcontraction in service. The selection of welding consumablesis related to the capacity to limit the stress concentration inthe weld metal responsible for thermal fatigue. Therefore,non matching welding consumables should be selected withan expansion coefficient as close to 9%Ni steel as possible.

Comparison of thermal expansion for 9%Nickel steel and OERLIKONconsumables FREEZAL ENi9 & BASINOX 308 LT.

Stainless steel welding consumables are widely used forcryogenic applications, e.g. INERTROD 308L, INERTFIL 308L,BASINOX 308LT, but are not considered when fabricating largetanks because of the risk of failure linked to the differentialcoefficients of expansion in comparison to ASTM A 353/553or EN 10028-4 X8Ni9 grades.

OERLIKON MMA electrodeThe new OERLIKON FREEZAL ENi9 electrode is a nickel baseMMA electrode designed to deposit weld metal with acoefficient of expansion which is close to the 9%Ni steel usedfor large LNG storage tanks.

FREEZAL ENi9 has optimised mechanical properties, ductility andelongation, meeting the most stringent CTOD specifications with safeand reliable levels of lateral expansion required down to -196 C.

The coating design and use of specialist raw materials reduces thelevel of residual and impurity elements responsible for hot cracking,FREEZAL ENi9 satisfies all stringent hot cracking tests, such asVarestrain.

OERLIKON FREEZAL ENi9 has a deposition efficiency of 150%enabling high levels of MMA productivity during fabrication in allwelding positions. OERLIKON VPMD packaging ensures theseelectrodes are ready for use during on site storage tank construction.

Typical specification for weld metal mechanical properties:

which is achieved using the new OERLIKON consumables:

OERLIKON Flux & Wire solutionsfor SAW processOP 76 is a agglomerated fluoride basic type submerged arc fluxwith a Boniszewski basicity index of 2.7. The high basicity index willprovide a hot crack free weld metal. The metallurgical behaviourwith respect to carbon, manganese and silicon is neutral. OP 76 isused in combination with NIFIL 625 solid wire for welding 9%Nisteel for as welded applications, typically in the PC or 2G position.Stable operation on AC polarity, the weld deposit has a highresistance to hot cracking and excellent cryogenic weld metalfracture toughness.

OP F77 is a fused calcium silicate type submerged arc flux with aBoniszewski basicity index of 1.3. Especially designed by OERLIKONto give the best operating condition in the horizontal position, weldingboth sides simultaneously. The metallurgical behaviour with respectto silicon is neutral and manganese is reduced. Used in combinationwith NIFIL C276 solid wire for welding 9%Ni steel for as weldedapplications, this combination is optimised for welding in the PC or2G position with excellent slag removal. Stable operation on ACpolarity, the weld deposit has a high resistance to hot crackingvalidated by Varestrain testing and excellent cryogenic weld metalfracture toughness. OP F77 is ideal for tank construction because ofits non hygroscopic properties.

Both SAW solutions fullfill the most stringent engineering specificationin terms of CTOD and lateral expansion at -196 C and hot crackingsensitivity testing.

LNG Onshore Storage:Background and Construction Considerations

YieldStrength

TensileStrength

Elon-gation

ISO-V (J)-196 C

CTOD (mm)-196 C

LateralExpansion (%)

-196 C> 430 > 690 > 35 > 70 0.30 > 0.38

18161412108642

-200 -150 -100 -50 00

Test Temperature C

Line

ar t

herm

al e

xpansi

on

BASINOX 308 LTFREEZAL ENi9EN 10028-4 X8Ni9

7Base Metal: EN 10028-4: X7Ni9Thickness: 17.2 mmPreheat: 20 CInterpass: Maximum 150 C

45

1-2 mm

2 mm

17.2 mm

45

15

12

347

8

65

10 12

13

119

Fabrication Guidelines: Welding Procedure

Run 1 2 to 3

Welding

Welding Process SMAW SAW

Welding Technique Manual Automatic

Welding Position PC PC

Travel Direction Horizontal Horizontal

Filler Metals

Brand Name OERLIKON OERLIKON

Product Name FREEZAL ENi9 NIFIL 625

AWS Classification E NiCrMo-6 E NiCrMo-3

EN Classification E Ni 6620 S Ni 6625

Size (mm) 2.5 1.6

SAW Flux

Brand Name OERLIKON

Product Name OP 76

AWS Classification

EN Classification SA FB 2 55 AC H5

Welding Parameter

Current Type AC DC

Current Polarity - +

Amps (A) 95 250

Volts (V) 23 27

Travel Speed(cm/min) 10-15 40-43

Joint design

PassSequence

Base Metal: EN 10028-4: X8Ni9Thickness: 16.5 mmPreheat: 20 CInterpass: Maximum 150 C

60

16 mm 2 mm

2.4 mm

Run 1 2 - 3 - 4 7 - 8 - 9 5 6

Type ROOT CAP HOT FILL

Welding

Welding Process SMAW SMAW SMAW SMAW

Welding Technique Manual Manual Manual Manual

Welding Position PF PF PF PF

Travel Direction Vertical up Vertical up Vertical up Vertical up

SMAWelectrode

Brand Name OERLIKON OERLIKON OERLIKON OERLIKON

Product Name FREEZAL ENi9 FREEZAL ENi9 FREEZAL ENi9 FREEZAL ENi9

AWS Classification E NiCrMo-6 E NiCrMo-6 E NiCrMo-6 E NiCrMo-6

EN Classification E Ni 6620 E Ni 6620 E Ni 6620 E Ni 6620

Size (mm) 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2

WeldingParameter

Current Type AC AC AC AC

Current Polarity - - - -

Amps (A) 85-95 100-110 90-100 90-100

Volts (V) 21-24 21-24 21-24 21-24

Travel Speed (cm/min) 8-12 15-18 8-12 10-15

Joint design

9

5 after backgouging

2 3 4

1

876

Pass Sequence


8

Base Metal: EN 10028-4: X8Ni9Thickness: 12 mmPreheat: 20 CInterpass: Maximum 150 C

3

2

4

1

60

10

2 mm

12 mm

Run 1 2 3 4

Type ROOT HOT CAP CAP

Welding

Welding Process SAW SAW SAW SAW

Welding Technique Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic

Welding Position PC PC PC PC

Travel Direction Horizontal Horizontal Horizontal Horizontal

SAW Wire


Product Name NIFIL C276 NIFIL C276 NIFIL C276 NIFIL C276

AWS Classification ER NiCrMo-4 ER NiCrMo-4 ER NiCrMo-4 ER NiCrMo-4

EN Classification S Ni 6276 S Ni 6276 S Ni 6276 S Ni 6276

Size (mm) 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4

SAW Flux


Product Name OP F77 OP F77 OP F77 OP F77

AWS Classification

EN Classification SF CS 2 65 AC H5 SF CS 2 65 AC H5 SF CS 2 65 AC H5 SF CS 2 65 AC H5

Welding Parameter



Amps (A) 330-350 340-360 300-320 310-330

Volts (V) 29-31 29-31 28-32 28-32


Note Dual side welding. The root runs 1 and 2 are performed at the same time using a double side SAW welding equipment

25

15 mm

25 C

25 C

Joint design

Pass Sequence

Torch Angle - Front view

Torch Angle - Top view


9

39

11 5

13

7 8

10

12

14

62

41

455

205

1-2 mm

2 mm

25 mm

25 25

2 mm

25 mm

150 mm

25 C

25 C

Joint design

Pass Sequence

Torch Angle - Front view

Torch Angle - Top view

Base Metal: EN 10028-4: X8Ni9Thickness: 25 mmPreheat: 20 CInterpass: Maximum 150 C

Run 1 2 3 - 6 7 - 14

Type ROOT HOT FILL CAP

Welding

Welding Process SAW SAW SAW SAW

Welding Technique Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic

Welding Position PC PC PC PC

Travel Direction Horizontal Horizontal Horizontal Horizontal

SAW Wire


Product Name NIFIL C276 NIFIL C276 NIFIL C276 NIFIL C276

AWS Classification ER NiCrMo-4 ER NiCrMo-4 ER NiCrMo-4 ER NiCrMo-4

EN Classification S Ni 6276 S Ni 6276 S Ni 6276 S Ni 6276

Size (mm) 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4

SAW Flux


Product Name OP F77 OP F77 OP F77 OP F77

AWS Classification

EN Classification SF CS 2 65 AC H5 SF CS 2 65 AC H5 SF CS 2 65 AC H5 SF CS 2 65 AC H5

Welding Parameter



Amps (A) 310-330 330-380 300-340 350-380

Volts (V) 28-32 29-31 28-32 28-32


Note The weld root runs 1 and 2 are performed separately, then simultaneously from 3 to 14

10

Summary of Welding Consumablesfor LNG Storage 9%Ni Steel Applications

Selected OERLIKON Welding Consumables for LNG Tanks, Cryogenic and Low Temperature Installations.All weld metal properties, as welded condition.

Type AWS EN ShieldingGas C Mn Si Ni

9%Ni Steels ISO-V -196 C

SMAW FREEZAL ENi9 A5.11: ENiCrMo-6 14172:E Ni 6620 - 0.05 3.5 0.3 Rem

SAWOP 76/NIFIL 625 Wire AWS A5.14: ER NiCrMo-3 Flux 760: SA FB 2 55 AC H5 - 0.03 0.3 0.3 60

OP F77/NIFIL C276 Wire AWS A5.14: ER NiCrMo-4 Flux 760: SF CS 2 65 AC H5 - 0.02 0.6 0.3 Rem

GMAW NIFIL 625 A5.14: ER NiCrMo-3 18274: S Ni 6625 I1/I3 0.025 0.4 0.3 Rem

GTAW NIROD 625 A5.14: ER NiCrMo-3 18274: S Ni 6625 I1 0.025 0.4 0.3 Rem


SAWOP 33/OE-20 16L - Flux 760: SA AF 2 54 DCWire 14343-A: S 20 16 3 Mn L -

11

Cr Mo Nb Fe W Ti Mg Cu AlTensile

StrengthYield

Strength A5d ISO-V TypeMPa MPa % Joules C


13.7 6.8 1.6 690 >430 >35 >70 -196 FREEZAL ENi9 SMAW

23 10 3.5 - - - - - - >760 >450 >23 >75 -196 OP 76/NIFIL 625SAW

15.5 16 - 6 3.5 - - - - >700 >450 >35 >70 -196 OP F77/NIFIL C276

21 9 3.5 3 - 0.3 - - - >720 >460 >30 >40 -196 NIFIL 625 GMAW

21 9 3.5 3 - 0.3 - - - >720 >460 >30 >40 -196 NIROD 625 GTAW


20 3 - - - - - - - >570 >390 >35 >30 -196 OP 33/OE-20 16LSAW

20 3 - - - - - - - >570 >390 >35 >30 -196 OP F500/OE-20 16L

20 3 - - - - - - - >580 >450 >38 >32 -196 INERTFIL 20 16L GMAW

20 3 - - - - - - - >580 >450 >38 >32 -269 INERTROD 20 16L GTAW

3.5%Ni Steels ISO-V -101 C

- - - - - - - - - 500-640 >420 >25 >47 -101 TENAX 76C2L (OE-CRYO 87)SMAW

- - - - - - - - - >550 >460 >24 >40 -105 FREEZAL ENi3

- 0.15 - - - - - - - 560-660 >480 >25 >50 -101 OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni3 SAW

- - - - - - - - - >550 >460 >22 >47 -101 CARBOROD Ni3 GTAW

2.5%Ni Steels ISO-V from -80 C to -60 C

- - - - - - - - - 510-660 >420 >26 >80 -60 TENAX 78C1L(OE-CRYO 75H) SMAW

- - - - - - - - - 550-700 >480 >22 >70 -80 TENACITO 70B

- - - - - - - - - 550-680 >460 >22 >47 -90 CARBOFIL Ni2 GMAW

- - - - - - - - - 550-680 >460 >24 >47 -90 CARBOROD Ni2 GTAW

- - - - - - - - - 500-640 >420 >26 >70 -60 FLUXOFIL 44 FCAW

- - - - - - - - - 550-600 >450 >24 >50 -80 OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni2 SAW

Low Temperature Structural Steels ISO-V from -60 C to -50 C

- - - - - - - - - 510-640 >420 >24 >70 -50 SUPERCITO 7018S

SMAW

- - - - - - - - - 510-640 >420 >22 >100 -50 TENAX 35S

- - - - - - - - - 500-640 >420 >25 >90 -60 TENACITO R

- - - - - - - - - 530-650 >460 >25 >110 -60 TENACITO 38R

- - - - - - - - - 530-680 460 >22 >90 -60 TENAX 76S

- - - - - - - - 550-680 >480 >24 >47 -60 CARBOFIL Ni1 GMAW

- - - - - - - - - 550-680 >480 >24 >47 -60 CARBOROD Ni1 GTAW

- - - - - - - - - 550-650 >470 >24 >60 -60 FLUXOFIL 40

FCAW

- - - - - - - - - 550-690 >460 >22 >80 -50 CITOFLUX R82

- - - - - - - - - 530-680 >460 >22 >47 -60 CITOFLUX R82 SR

- - - - - - - - - 530-680 >460 >26 >80 -60 CITOFLUX M20

- - - - - - - - - 620-760 >550 >20 >47 -50 CITOFLUX R550

- - - - - - - - - 530-630 >450 >25 >80 -50 OP 121TT(W)/OE-SD3SAW

- - - - - - - - - 500-600 >420 >24 >70 -60 OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni1

Aluminium Alloy 5083

0.1 - - 0.1 - 0.1 4.5 0.1 Rem >275 >125 >17 - - ALUFIL AlMg 4.5Mn GMAW

0.1 - - 0.1 - 0.1 4.5 0.1 Rem >275 >125 >17 - - ALUROD AlMg 4.5Mn GTAW

Associated Stainless Steels

19 - - - - - - - - >520 >320 >35 >32 -196 BASINOX 308LTSMAW

17.5 2.6 - - - - - - - >550 >350 >35 >40 -196 BASINOX 316LT

20 - - - - - - - - >520 >350 >35 >40 -196 INERTFIL 308LGMAW

19 2.6 - - - - - - - >510 >350 >30 >32 -196 INERTFIL 316L

20 - - - - - - - - >520 >350 >35 >40 -196 INERTROD 308LGTAW

19 2.6 - - - - - - - >510 >350 >30 >32 -196 INERTROD 316L

20 - - - - - - - - >520 >350 >35 >32 -196 FLUXINOX 308L-PFFCAW

19 2.8 - - - - - - - >510 >320 >30 >27 -196 FLUXINOX 316L-PF

18 - - - - - - - - >500 >350 >35 >30 -196 OP 33/OE-308LSAW

19 - - - - - - - - >500 >350 >35 >30 -196 OP F500/OE-308L

12

Classification Society Approvals

Selected OERLIKON Products for LNG and Low Temperature Gas Storage.

Type AWS EN Shielding Gas TUV DB


SMAW FREEZAL ENi9 A5.11: ENiCrMo-6 14172:E Ni 6620 - - -

SAWOP 76/NIFIL 625 Wire AWS A5.14: ER NiCrMo-3 Flux EN 760: SA FB 2 55 AC H5 - X -

OP F77/NIFIL C276 Wire AWS A5.14: ER NiCrMo-4 Flux EN 760: SF CS 2 65 AC H5 - - -

GMAW NIFIL 625 A5.14: ER NiCrMo-3 18274: S Ni 6625 I1/M13 - -

GTAW NIROD 625 A5.14: ER NiCrMo-3 18274: S Ni 6625 I - -


SAW

OP 33/OE-20 16L - Flux EN 760: SA AF 2 54 DCWire EN 14343-A: S 20 16 3 Mn L - - X

OP F500/OE-20 16L - Flux EN 760: SA FB 2 53 ACWire EN 14343-A: S 20 16 3 Mn L - - -

GMAW INERTFIL 20 16L - 14343-A: G 20 16 3 Mn N L M12,M13 - -

GTAW INERTROD 20 16L - 14343-A: W 20 16 3 Mn N L I1 - -


SMAWTENAX 76C2L (OE-CRYO 87) A5.5: E7016-C2L 2560-A: E 42 6 3Ni B 12 H5 - - -

FREEZAL ENi3 A5.5: E8018-C2 2560-A: E 42 6 3Ni B 32 H5 - - -

SAW OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni3 F8A15-F7P15 ENi3-Ni3 Flux EN 760: SA FB 1 55 AC H5 - - -

GTAW CARBOROD Ni3 A5.28: ER 80S-Ni3 636-B: W55A 10 WN71 I1 - -


SMAWTENAX 78C1L(OE-CRYO 75H) A5.5: E7018-C1L 2560-A: E 46 6 2Ni B 32 - - -

TENACITO 70B A5.5: E8018-C1 H4 2560-A: E 46 6 2Ni B 42 H5 - X -

GMAW CARBOFIL Ni2 A5.28: ER 80S-Ni2 14341-A: G 46 6 M G2Ni2 M21 X -

GTAW CARBOROD Ni2 A5.28: ER 80S-Ni2 636-A: W 46 6 M W2Ni2 I1 - -

FCAW FLUXOFIL 44 A5.29: E70T5 GM-JH4 17632-A: T 42 8 2Ni B M 2 H5 M21 - -

SAW OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni2 A5.23: F7AP10 ENi2-Ni2 Flux EN 756: S 62 6 FB S2 Ni2 - - -


SMAW

SUPERCITO 7018S A5.1: E7018-1 H4 2560-A: E 42 5 B 32 H5 - X X

TENAX 35S A5.1: E7018-1 H4 2560-A: E 42 5 B 32 H5 - X X

TENACITO R A5.1: E7018-1 H4 2560-A: E 42 6 B 42 H5 - X X

TENACITO 38R A5.5: E7018-G H4 2560-A: E 46 6 1Ni B 42 H5 - X X

TENAX 76S A5.5: E7018-G 2560-A: E 46 6 1Ni B 32 H5 - - -

GMAW CARBOFIL Ni1 A5.28: ER 80S-Ni1 14341-A: G 46 6 M G3Ni1 M21 - -

GTAW CARBOROD Ni1 A5.28: ER 80S-Ni1 636-A: W 46 6 M W3Ni1 I1 X -

FCAW

FLUXOFIL 40 A5.29: E80T5 GC/GM-H4 17632-A: T 46 6 1Ni B C/M 2 H5 C1/M21 X X

CITOFLUX R82 A5.29: E81T1-Ni1M-H4 17632-A: T 46 5 1Ni P M 1 H5 M21 - -

CITOFLUX R82 SR A5.29: E81T1-Ni1M-H4 17632-A: T 46 6 1Ni P M 1 H5 M21 - -

CITOFLUX M20 A5.18: E70C-6M H4 17632-A: T 46 6 Mn1Ni M M 1 H5 M21 - -

CITOFLUX R550 A5.29: E91T1-GMH4 18276-A: T 55 5M 1,5Ni P M 1 H5 M21 - -

SAWOP 121TT(W)/OE-SD3 A5.17: F7A8-F7P8 EH12K Flux EN 756: S 46 5 FB S3Si - - -

OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni1 A5.23: F7A8-F7P10-ENi1-Ni1 Flux EN 756: S 42 6 FB S2Ni1 - - -


GMAW ALUFIL AlMg 4.5Mn A5.10: ER 5183 18273: S Al 5183 l1, M13 X X

GTAW ALUROD AlMg 4.5Mn A5.10: ER 5183 18273: S Al 5183 l1, M13 X X


SMAWBASINOX 308LT A5.4: 308L-15 1600: E 19 9 L B 12 - - -

BASINOX 316LT A5.4: 316L-15 1600: E 19 12 2 B 12 - - -

GMAWINERTFIL 308L A5.9: ER 308L 14343-A: G 19 9 L M13 X X

INERTFIL 316L A5.9: ER 316L 14343-A: G 19 12 3 L M13 - X

GTAWINERTROD 308L A5.9: ER 308L 14343-A: W 19 9 L I1 X X

INERTROD 316L A5.9: ER 316L 14343-A: W 19 12 3 L I1 X X

FCAWFLUXINOX 308L-PF A5.22: E308LT1-1/4 17633-A: T 19 9 L P C1/M1 C1/M21 X X

FLUXINOX 316L-PF A5.22: E316LT1-1/4 17633-A: T 19 12 3 L P C1/M1 C1/M21 X X

SAWOP 33/OE-308L A5.9: ER 308L Flux EN 760: SA AF 2 54 DC - - -

OP F500/OE-308L A5.9: ER 308L Flux EN 760: SA FB 2 53 AC - - X

13

ABS BV DNV GL LRS PRS RMRS RINA Type


- - - 5680 - - - - FREEZAL ENi9 SMAW

- - - - - - - - OP 76/NIFIL 625SAW

- - - - - - - - OP F77/NIFIL C276

- - - - - - - - NIFIL 625 GMAW

- - - - - - - - NIROD 625 GTAW


- - - - - - - - OP 33/OE-20 16L

SAW

- - - - - - - - OP F500/OE-20 16L

- - - - - - - INERTFIL 20 16L GMAW

- - - - - - - - INERTROD 20 16L GTAW


- - - - - - - - TENAX 76C2L (OE-CRYO 87)SMAW

- - - - - - - - FREEZAL ENi3

- - - - - - - - OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni3 SAW

- - - - - - - - CARBOROD Ni3 GTAW


- - 5Y H5 - - - - 5YDH5 TENAX 78C1L(OE-CRYO 75H) SMAW

- - - - - - - - TENACITO 70B

- - - 6Y 42S - - - - CARBOFIL Ni2 GMAW

- - - - - - - - CARBOROD Ni2 GTAW

- - - - - - - - FLUXOFIL 44 FCAW

- - - - - - - 5Y M, 5Y DM OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni2 SAW


3YH10 3YHHH 4Y40H5 4Y40H5 3YmH15 - - - SUPERCITO 7018S

SMAW

4H5-4Y 3YHHH 4YH5 4Y40 H5 DXVuO-BF-3m-3Ym-H5 - - 4DH5 TENAX 35S

4H5-4Y 3Y HH 5Y H10 3Y H5 3Ym H15 - - TENACITO R

3Y 5Y 5Y H5 6Y42 H5 5Y42m H15 - 5Y46HHH - TENACITO 38R

3YH5 3YHHH 5Y H5 6Y H10 DXVuO-BF-5Y42m-H5 - - 4YH5 TENAX 76S

- - - - - - - - CARBOFIL Ni1 GMAW

ER80S-Ni1 - - - - - - - CARBOROD Ni1 GTAW

- - VYMS H5 - - - - FLUXOFIL 40

FCAW

4Y400SA H5 - VY46MS H5 - 4Y40S H5 - - - CITOFLUX R82

4Y400SA H5 - VY46MS H5 - 4Y40S H5 - 5Y46MS H3 - CITOFLUX R82 SR

- - VYMS - - - - - CITOFLUX M20

- - IVY55MS H5 - - - - - CITOFLUX R550

- - - - - - 5Y40M HHH - OP 121TT(W)/OE-SD3SAW

- - - - - - - - OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni1


- - - S-AlMg4,5Mn D O BF WC/I - 1S NA - - - ALUFIL AlMg 4.5Mn GMAW

- - - - - - - - ALUROD AlMg 4.5Mn GTAW


E308L-15 - - - - - - - BASINOX 308LTSMAW

E316L-15 - - - - - - - BASINOX 316LT

- - - - - - - - INERTFIL 308LGMAW

- - - - - - - - INERTFIL 316L

- - - - - - - - INERTROD 308LGTAW

- - - - - - - - INERTROD 316L

- - 308L - 304LS - - - FLUXINOX 308L-PFFCAW

- - 316L - 316LS - - - FLUXINOX 316L-PF

- - - - - - - - OP 33/OE-308LSAW

- - - - - - - - OP F500/OE-308L

14

Product Focus

The challenge when fabricating low alloy ferritic steels forcryogenic applications is to produce high strength joints withreliable fracture toughness at the design temperature, without riskof hydrogen induced cracking.

OERLIKON welding consumables are designed to satisfy the moststringent requirements in terms of diffusible hydrogen level.The manufacturing process has been designed by OERLIKONto produce very low hydrogen consumables with a high resistanceto subsequent moisture pick-up during use.

OERLIKON has a globally recognised expertise in the metallurgyand design of welding consumables for low temperature andcryogenic applications. The results of the many years ofsystematic R&D in this area are reported in published articles,where acicular ferrite is the microstructural constituent identifiedas critical for generating high levels of joint fracture toughnessat cryogenic temperatures in low alloy ferritic weld metal.

Weld metal acicular ferrite is not only optimised in OERLIKONconsumables by deposit chemistry and the selection of specialistdeoxidation systems in basic flux systems, but by the consistentsourcing of high quality raw materials. Raw material selection ispermanently in the focus of our experts to ensure weld metalswith very low levels of residual and impurity elements.

These advanced techniques applied to the design of OERLIKONwelding consumables have contributed to the global recognitionfor reliable and high quality low temperature construction whenusing OERLIKON welding products.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

00 1 2 3

Nickel in weld %

Mic

rost

ruct

ural

com

pon

ent %

PRIMARY FERRITE

ACICULAR FERRITE

1.0% Mn

FERRITE WITH SECOND PHASE

OERLIKON Consumables for Low AlloyFerritic steels for low temperature service

3534

-53

OERLIKON welding consumables range for cryogenics applications arrangedby service temperature is shown on pages 10 & 11

Classification society approvals are listed on pp 12 & 13 For full product range details consult the data sheets in the OERLIKON handbook

or www.oerlikon-welding.com web site.

Other Low Temperature Gas Storageand Handling Applications

15

Product Stored ServiceTemperature Steel type Specification

Ammonia, propane (LPG) -50 C

C-Mnfine grain EN 10028-3, P460NL2

Ammonia, propane (LPG) -80 C 1.5-2.5%Ni

EN 10028-4, 15NiMn6,ASTM A203Gr.B

Carbon dioxide,acetylene, ethane -101 C 3.5%Ni

ASTM A203Gr.E-F,EN 10028-4 12Ni14

Ethylene (LEG) -120 C 5%Ni EN 10028-4 X 12Ni5

Methane (LNG),oxygen, argon -196 C 9%Ni

A353/A553,EN 10028-4 X8Ni9

The processing of natural gas involves removal of propaneand other gases from the raw gas, in order to preventcondensation of these volatiles in natural gas pipelines.

Propane is a flammable non toxic gas, which is heavierthan air. It is a gas in normal atmospheric conditions, 15 C,760 mm Hg, the boiling point is -42 C.

Liquid Propane Gas, LPG, is generally stored onshore in bothspherical and mounded pressurised storage, with the latterbeing the only solution allowed in many countries.

Welding solutions are based on optimised C-Mn and 1-2.5%Ninickel bearing weld metals delivering high toughness joints forservice temperatures in the range -50 C to -80 C.

Ammonia is a gas in normal atmospheric conditions, 15 C,760 mm Hg, which is colourless, slightly flammable and toxicwith a pungent odour, the boiling point is -33 C. Ammonia isstored in its refrigerated form between -50 C and -80 C.

Welding solutions are based on optimised C-Mn and 1-2.5%Ninickel bearing weld metals delivering high toughness jointsfor service temperatures in the range -50 C to -80 C.The propensity to stress corrosion cracking is a designconsideration.

Ethane is a gas in normal atmospheric conditions, 15 C,760 mm Hg, which is flammable and non-toxic, the boilingpoint is -89 C. The storage and handling requirementsof ethane are generally specified at a service temperature of-101 C.

When fabricating 3.5%Ni steels for ethane storage, matching3.5%Ni bearing weld metals are used.

Acetylene is a gas in normal atmospheric conditions, 15 C,760 mm Hg, which is a colourless, non-toxic but narcotic, and ishighly flammable. Isolated in the pure state, it is a highly unstablecompound, and decomposes with ignition within a wide range ofpressures and temperatures, the sublimation point is -84 C.

The storage and handling requirements of acetylene are generallyspecified at a service temperature of -101 C.

When fabricating 3.5%Ni steels for acetylene storage, matching3.5%Ni bearing weld metals are used.

Carbon dioxide is a gas in normal atmospheric conditions,15 C and 760 mm Hg, which is colourless, odourless,non-flammable of low chemical activity and toxic only in highconcentrations, the sublimation point is -79 C.

The storage and handling requirements of carbon dioxide aregenerally specified at a service temperature of -101 C.

When fabricating 3.5%Ni steels for Carbon Dioxyde storage,matching 3.5%Ni bearing weld metals are used.

Ethylene, also known as ethene, is a gas in normal atmosphericconditions, 15 C, 760 mm Hg, which is flammable and non-toxic,the boiling point is -104 C. The storage and handling requirementsof ethylene are similar to LNG but at a generally specified servicetemperature of -120 C.

Welding solutions for liquid ethylene gas, LEG, are based on the20.16 composition for the welding of 5%Ni steels, due to theexcellent cryogenic fracture toughness, however the weldingsolutions given for fabricating 9%Ni steels are equally applicablefor joining 5%Ni steels.

Argon is a gas in normal atmospheric conditions, 15 C and760 mm Hg, which is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic non-flammable and tasteless. It is distinguished by perfect physicaland chemical stability. At atmospheric pressure and temperaturesbelow the boiling point of -186 C, argon is a colourless liquid,which is heavier than water.

Welding solutions are the same as those shown for LNG.

Oxygen is a gas in normal atmospheric conditions, 15 C and760 mm Hg, which is colourless, odourless and tasteless.At atmospheric pressure and temperatures below the boiling point-183 C, it is pale blue liquid, slightly heavier than water. Liquidoxygen, LOX, is stored in single containment tanks fabricated in9%Ni steel and because of the relatively small volumes, 304Lstainless steel may also be used for the prime container.

Welding solutions are the same as those shown for LNG.

16

Associated Steel Applications

STAINLESS STEELSMMAThe SUPRANOX RS range of rutile coated manual metal arcwelding electrodes is designed to enable the diversity ofstainless steels - plates, pipes, tubes, castings and forgings -to be welded both to themselves and to each other. Smoothoperation in all positions with minimal spatter and near selfreleasing slag for excellent weld bead appearance and profile.The SUPRANOX RS range also has a proven resistance to bothweld start and weld bead porosity giving high radiographicintegrity. This makes these electrodes particularly suitable forthe most critical applications.

The SUPRANOX RS range of MMA welding electrodes is asfollows: 308L, 308H, 347, 316L, 317, 318, 309L, 309MoL, 904L.

The BASINOX range of basic coated manual metal arc weldingelectrodes is used for positional welding of pipe work andthicker section thicknesses, including alloys 308L, 347, 316L,308H, 904L, 318, 310.

For cryogenic application the use of BASINOX 308LT andBASINOX 316LT version is recommended for optimum jointfracture toughness at -196 C.

MIG/TIGA comprehensive range of OERLIKON INERTFIL andINERTROD wires for all applications, e.g. 308L, 347, 316L,309L & 312.

FCWA comprehensive range of OERLIKON FLUXINOX stainlesscored wires for applications in the primarily down hand, e.g.FLUXINOX 316L and positional e.g. FLUXINOX 316L-PFapplications. Including alloys 308L, 308H, 347, 307, 316L, 318,309L, 309MoL, 22.9.3L, 310, and 625.

SAWOP 33 is a special semi-basic agglomerated flux with a basicityindex of 1.8. It is used for the welding of stainless and heatresisting steels. In respect to the carbon content of the weldmetal, OP 33 is neutral. Typically used with AWS A5.9 grade300 series wires, E.g. OE-316L, OE-308L, OE-309LMo.

DUPLEX STAINLESS STEELSDuplex stainless steel (e.g. W.No. 1.4462) is used for pipe lines,vessels and pipe work. Matching consumables are available:

MMASUPRANOX E 22 9 3 N is an MMA electrode depositingCr-Ni-Mo-N duplex stainless steel weld metal, highly resistantto intergranular pitting and stress corrosion in the presenceof hydrogen containing aqueous solution or wet gases.To achieve the maximum joint fracture toughness, BASINOX22.9.3N is recommended, ISO-V at -50 C > 50 J.

MIG/TIGINERTFIL/INERTROD 22.9.3 are solid wires depositing duplexstainless steel weld metal.

FCWFLUXINOX 22.9.3L is optimised for down hand fillet welding andFLUXINOX 22.9.3L-PF for positional welding of duplex stainlesssteels.

SAWOE-S22 09/OP 33 is used for the high deposition ratesubmerged arc welding of duplex stainless steels.

17

Product packagingWelding consumables

MIG/MAG wires (solid and FCW) Drums (ROUNDPACK)Heavy duty cardboard drums 320 kg & 600 kg formats, 100% recyclable, Reliable rapid pay off at high

wire feed speeds, Fitted sling points for handling safety,

Spool B 300 100% recyclable

TIGRods 1.6, 2.0 & 2.4 mm

diameter in 1 m lengths Full range of compositions Alloy grades are coin

stamped Bright finished Fully certificated

2008

-677

2010

-754

3551

-46

SAWFluxesSacks Weld sealed 100% recyclable (4) Easy to handle Effective flux protection

from the environment Supply: 1 tonne

(40 sacks x 25 kg)per pallet

DRY BAGThis new packaging solution has been developed by theAir Liquide Welding research teams for OERLIKON submerged arcwelding fluxes. DRYBAG packaging system features:

Triple layer compositetechnology system

Fully moisture proof Low vacuum Protection from atmospheric

humidity Designed for the most hostile

ambient conditions Protection during extended

transport and storage Supply: 1 tonne (40 sacks

x 25 kg DRYBAG) per pallet

Wires Spool B450 100% recyclable Supply: 1 tonne (40 coils

x 25 kg) per pallet

MMAStandard Packaging Reliable protective packaging

for most applications 3 packets per outer carton Packet weight ~5 kg

Vacuum Packaging No re-conditioning required before use No quivers or holding ovens are required Ideal for on site applications Simplified QA procedures

VPMD Pack contents ~3 kg Supplied in outer cartons ~15 kg

2006

-936

2006

-943

2007

-474

2004

-114

2006

-200

2008

-181

2006

-940

2006

-937

2013

-046

18

CITOMAG Thyristor technology for heavy duty applications

CITOMAG range is a thyristor based soft current MIG-MAG welding installation, with a separate four roll wire feeder unit, to weld unalloyed steel, stainless steel and light alloys, using solid wire and cored wire. OERLIKON expertise is automatically available to the welders and therefore the installations are straight forward to us: Maximum power at 60 % duty cycle (40 C) Rapid access to the correct welding parameters

Complete welding cycle with Hot Start and crater filler

Optional water cooled configuration

Easy to use with fast parameter changes using the CITO system

CITOMIG 200MP Thyristor technology for heavy dutyapplications Portable single phase inverter for small

works and maintenance. Multiprocess equipment

(MMA TIG and MIG/MAG). Light (15 kg) and easy to use power

source with large LCD graphic screen

Arc equipmentMIG/MAG manual installations

2008

-042

2010

-901

MIG/MAG welding equipment OERLIKON MIG/MAG machines have a comprehensive array of features focused on therequirements of major fabricators. Durable design is combined with easy-to-use control panelsand a variety of synergic programmes, combining improved productivity with high quality results.

Specify and build your installation: Power sources Wire feeders Cooling unit Harnesses (up to 50 m

for on site applications)

Trolleys for the installation andthe wire-feeder

Remote control Torches (standard, with potentiometer,

push-pull, automatic..)

More benefits for the user Small machine for easier access Light installation (37 kg for the power source) Compatible with motor generator A powerful 4-wheel feeder unit with drive rollers as standard

CITOPULS II 420 or 520 Digital technology for advanced welding installations

Superior quality welding and advanced processes and features Fully digitally controlled inverter: for process repeatability and consequently higher welding

quality and simpler regulation In synergic mode, more than 100 synergies are available Soft switching inverter (increased efficiency of the power source) Full range of processes:

Powerful installation up to 500 A at 60% Storage of 100 welding programs (with expert wire feeder DVU P500 or advanced remote

control RC JOB) Parameter locking with a digit code (with expert wire feeder DVU P500 or advanced

remote control RC JOB). When this function is activated, the welder can still fine-tune theparameters in a +/- 20% range

A user interface (power source and wire feeder) designed for a really easy to use front panel A modular concept for a better fit with the users requirements

- Standard MIG/MAG- Pulsed MIG/MAG- MIG brazing- Speed Short ArcTM (for high

quality thin sheet welding & rootpass)

- Spray ModalTM (special for high quality welding of aluminium)- Cold Double Pulse (producing very high quality welds on thin

material)

- MMA coated electrodes- HPSTM (High Penetration Speed) (higher productivity with lower

distortion of base material and less welding passes)

2013

-662

19

2012

-473

CITOWAVE II Product features and advantages:Same as the CITOPULS II range with in addition: Advanced torch DIGITAL: a range of ergonomic torches

with the possibility on the handle to - select the program number - adjust the wire feed speed - adjust the arc length

Processes: Soft current, Pulsed, SSA, HPS, SSP, SM, CDP, Easy Short Arc, MIG brazing, MMA, and PR Spray

The power sources also allow memorisation of 100 programs, selectable from the wire feeder, remote control and CITORCH M E family

Control of aluminium welding (Spray ModalTM): special welding transferwhich provides reduced porosity and increases the penetration

More controls: parameters monitoring, indication of defects, parameterblocking on several levels, printing, 99 programs, calibration

Intuitive & friendly graphic interface allowing the welder to control easilythe machine with more than 200 synergic laws. Customization of yourown synergic curves

Ethernet & USB for maximal connectivity. Insuring data monitoring,networked machines, process control. An easy solution that allowscompliance with the QMOS parameters.

Process advantages for a perfect assembly: this new generation of power sources provides new welding methodsable to meet quality and productivity levels in response to the needs of the most requiring works in the industry.

Metal transfer mode Definition Customer advantages

Powersource

Speed ShortArcTM (SSA)

The Speed Short ArcTM allows a high travel speed due to a rigid arc and acold regime. It is very effective for welding thin steel plates, working inposition and in closed angle and filling bevels. The SSATM is used for shortcircuit welding though the normal globular regime travel speed domain.

Increase in travel speed Reduced distortion (thin steel sheets) Suited to welding in position Tolerance and usability

CITOWAVE IICITOPULS II

Soft SilencePulseTM (SSP)

The Soft Silence PulseTM is a quieter pulsed mode mainly intended forstainless steel welding applications. The SSPTM produces a softer but verystable arc with good wetting of the weld bead. This waveform significantlyreduces spatter and gives a very fine appearance to the weld bead.

Reduction of noise Good wetting of the weld bead Reduction of spatter Good weld bead appearance

CITOWAVE II

Cold DoublePulseTM (CDP)

The Cold Double PulseTM produces very high quality welds on thinmaterial while avoiding distortion. CDPTM gives a TIG appearance tothe weld and is very effective on very thin aluminium or stainless steelsheet (< 2 mm). The operating technique is made easier due to goodcontrol of the weld pool even on badly-prepared sheets. This sequencermode automatically chains hot arc and cold arc regimes together.

Effective on thin sheets Reduces distortion Easy operating technique TIG appearance weld bead

CITOPULS IICITOWAVE II

HighPenetrationSpeed (HPS)

Using welding current generally given by Spray Arc behaviour,HPS arc transfer is combining two different main advantages : Provides lower voltage and so lower energy Give a very accurate and dynamic regulation of the welding parametersThis association is able to carry out very high productivity with theoptimal welding performance.

Reduction of passes' number Less distortion and structural

changeWelding in restricted joints Less time of base material

preparation

CITOPULS II CITOWAVE II

Easy Short Arc

Easy Short Arc is a combinaison of Spray Arc and Speed Short Arcarc transfer. So with Easy Short Arc you get a Speed Short Arcbehaviour in the Short Circuit area and increasing the wire speed youare able to reach Spray arc. The key is that the machine willautomatically avoid globular area.

Arc stability avoiding globular zone Productivity: easy to use (same

fusion law whatever the thickness is) Quality: no spatters and therefore

no finishing works, In all positions

CITOWAVE II

2014

-037

Technical features CITOMIG 200MP CITOMAG 500XPCITOPULS II CITOWAVE II

420 520Technology Inverter Thyristor InverterPrimary power supply Single phase 230 V (10%) Three phase 220/240/380/400 V Three phase 400 V (-20%/+15%)Primary consumption @ I max. 19 A 50 A (400 V) 28 A 36 AWelding current 5 A - 200 A 16 A - 480 A 15 A - 420 A 20 A - 500 ADuty cycle (@ 40 C) 200 A @ 20% 480 A @ 60% 420 A @ 60% 500 A @ 60%Suitable wire diameter 0.6 mm - 1.0 mm 0.8 mm to 1.6 mm

20

OERLIKON high-performance TIG machinesare designed for on-site durability and premiumquality results. This inverter range equips weldersfor a wide diversity of activities in both regularand high-tech applications.

20

Technicalspecifications:

DC welding

CITOTIG II 200 DC CITOTIG II 300 DC (W) CITOTIG II 400 DC W

Primary

Power supply 230 V single-phase (+10%/-10%) 400 V three-phase (+20%/- 15%)

Consumption 8.4 kVA

Secondary

Open circuit voltage 80 V

Welding current 5 - 200 A 5 - 300 A 5 - 400 A

Duty cycle 10 min.cycle (at 40 C) 200 A at 30% 230 A at 60% 320 A at 60%

Diam. Electrode 1.6 to 4.0 mm 1.6 to 5.0 mm 1.6 to 6.0 mm

Other

Dimensions (L x W x H) 410 x 180 x 390 mm 500 x 180 x 390 mm500 x 180 x 650 mm in W version 500 x 180 x 650 mm

Net weight 15 kg 22 kg / 32 kg in W version 33 kg

Cooling unit No Yes in W version Yes

2570

-21

CITOTIG

Optimised performance and advanced functionality:

CITOSTEP double current level function, allows the powerinput to be changed without interruption when welding

Synergic pulse function, for ease of setting the pulsed currentparameters

Storage facility for welding parameters Reliability designed in with an efficient isolated cooling system

which prevents dust and small metal particles frompenetrating the machine interior

Optional low voltage OCVwith Voltage Reduction Deviceavailable

Generator compatible

The DC sets are used for TIG welding stainless and structuralsteels and have the flexibility to weld with all types of MMAwelding electrodes, with excellentarc characteristics.

The CITOSTEP function in the CITOTIG range

With the CITOSTEP function, two current levels can bechosen, the welding current and the basic current.This facilitates the change from one to the other by rapidlypressing the torch trigger. The CITOSTEP function can beused to adjust heat input momentarily, to change weldingpositions or to replenish the filler metal supply withouthaving to stop welding.

Accessories

This very high-tech range of TIG equipment has all the productfeatures required by the most skilled welders for the widest rangeof demanding applications. For maximum functionality, there is a fullrange of accessories, such as hand - or foot - operated remotecontrol units and trolleys.

TIG installations

2011

-101

2011

-103

2011

-131

21

2570

-07

Portable 3 phase unit for heavyapplications and maintenanceoperations

Generator compatible Built-in Voltage Reduction Device

for higher security, for welding all typesof MMA electrodes, including cellulosic

Inverter technology

CITOARC 2200i VRD

CITOARC 3500i Multi-process (MMA, Gouging,

TIG DC, MIG) inverter unit Welding MMA electrodes up

to 6.3 mm MIG welding with the DV 4004

wire feeder option CC/CV 3phase unit Weighing only 29 kg

CITOROD 6500 XT For the heaviest duty applications

including arc air gouging Thyristor technology Multiprocess (MMA, Gouging,

TIG DC, MIG) - 3 phase unit Possibility of MIG/MAG welding

using DEVIDARC an autonomous wire-feeder

2006

-762

Arc equipmentMMA electrode power sources

Technicalspecifications:

CITOARC1800 HPF

CITOARC1900 EXPERT CITOARC 2200i VRD CITOARC 3500i CITOROD 6500 XT

Primary

Power supply 230 V single-phase(+15%/-20% )230 V single-phase

(20%)400 V three-phase

(20%)400 V three-phase

(10%)230 - 400 V

three-phase (15%)Effective consumption 15 A 16 A 9 A 28.5 A 102 - 60 ASecondary Open circuit voltage 44 V 67 V (14 V rest voltage) 105 V (14 V rest voltage) 91 V 75 VWelding current 10 - 180 A 5 - 160 A 5 - 220 A 5 - 350 A 10 - 630 A

Duty cycle 10 min.cycle (at 40 C)

180 A at 20%160 A at 50%150 A at 60%

130 A at 100%220 A at 40% 350 A at 35% 630 A at 35%

Diam. ElectrodeMMA 1.6 to 4.0 mm 1.6 to 4.0 mm 1.6 to 5.0 mm 1.6 to 6.0 mm 1.6 to 6.3 mmGouging - - - Up to 6.3 mm Up to 10 mm

Dimensions (L x W x H) 170 x 320 x 395 mm 205 x 345 x 450 mm 250 x 470 x 450 mm 525 x 300 x 390 mm 1000 x 600 x 600 mmNet weight 6.6 kg 9 kg 19 kg 29 kg 176 kg

CITOARC 1800 HPF Very light and portable unit for

maintenance

Ultra flexible for light dutyand flexible finishing applications

Possibilty to weld with very longprimary cable (up to 70 m)

CITOARC 1900 EXPERT CITOARC 1900 EXPERT

offers top weldingperformance (Arc Forceand Hot-Start adjustment)

Maximum safety is ensuredwith the Voltage Reduction Device (VRD)

Designed for heavy duty use, for all types of MMAelectrodes, including cellulosic

Microprocessor controlled, it offers excellent arc stability,even with fluctuating input voltage

The built-in High Power Factor module enables weldingwith 160 Amps at 50% duty cycle at 40 C with a primaryconsumption of only 16A

Digital parameter display Generator compatible, may be used with long length

cables, up to 70m in 2.5 mm section) Very versatile and when TIG welding, the slope up and

slope down times can be set by the control panel

2010

-066

2009

-092

2009

-055

2008

-800

MMA electrode power sourcesOERLIKON propose a wide range of equipment for MMA welding.This is a selection of units for on site applications in all conditions.

Plasma cutting installations

OERLIKON has a complete ManualPlasma cutting range for all applications.

2009

-273

22

From the CITOCUT K, a single phase unit with integratedcompressor, a highly portable unit that cuts up to 6 mm,to the NERTAJET 50, a high performance chopper, multi gasmachine that cuts up to 50 mm of steel.

CITOCUT 40iCHeavy duty portable cutting unit inverter technology.

400V 50/60 Hz three-phase Heavy duty cycle, 120 A at 60% at 40 C Quality cut, up to 40 mm Contact cut, distance cut, plasma gouging Blow back start, no HF interference Grid cutting capability Central connector: for quick deconnection of the torch and

easier transport

CITOCUT 40CProduct features:

High cutting capcity: 40 mm with 120 A

High duty cycle: 50% at 40 C

4 steps for setting the current according to the thickness to cut

IP 23 for indoor and outdoor applications

High quality cut with drag cutting nozzles

Delivered ready to use with 6 m torch, air hose, primary cable,earth cable, starting set of wear parts

Input voltage three-phase: 220/230/380/400 V - 50/60 Hz

Torch with central connector

2011

-452

2010

-260

Arc equipmentPlasma cutting installations

Technical features CITOCUT 40iC CITOCUT 40C

Power supply 3 phase 50/60 Hz 400 V +/-15 % 220-230-380-400 V +/-10 %

Effective primary consumption 21.2 A 52 A

Maximum primary consumption 26.9 A 73 A

Secondary current range 10 A - 120 A 35 A - 120 A

Duty Cycle

at 50% - 120 A

at 60% 120 A 85 A (75%)

at 100% 100 A 50 A

Dimensions (L x W x H) 720 x 310 x 430 mm 500 x 855 x 705 mm

Weight 35 kg 120 kg

Protection index /class IP 23S / H

Standard EN 60974-1 ; EN 60974-10

23

SUBARC 5 control

For the most demanding users, a control box with: rugged, simple and user friendly controls, digital read-out of three parameters:

current, voltage and wire speed, presetting of voltage and welding current,

storage and read-out on digital displays of current and welding voltage,

wire/workpiece short-circuit detection and display in manual wire feeding modeminimizes mechanical stresses on wire feed head supports.

D2C SAW: Digital Cycle Control

Digital welding system for the complete management of the machine and the main parameters of SAW welding (current, voltage, wire speed, welding speed) from only one cycle control: centralized console to manage welding

process, machine cycle and integrated peripherals as laser spot, crossed slides of the head, seam tracking...

large graphic display on touch screen with user friendly andintuitive interface allowing the programming, controls and follow up,

easy setting of the machine, data saving via ethernet connection.

SAW equipmentsAir Liquide Welding offers a complete range of equipment combining performance, flexibility of use and ensuringhigh reliability in welding cycle management. Subarc 5 and D2C SAW installations allow: welding with direct current (DC) according to horizontal or drooping power source characteristics, welding with alternating current (AC) according to drooping power source characteristics.

STARMATIC power sourcesA complete range of power sources DC or AC available for the various SAW applications: rugged, reliable, suitable for

agressive industrial surroundings, fan cooled, fitted with thermal cut-out, easy to move using crane or forklift, quick connection, remote control.

2000

-357

Equipment for submerged arc welding

1881

-064

2007

-386

2013

-590

STARMATIC 650 DC STARMATIC 1003 DC STARMATIC 1303 DC STARMATIC 1003 AC/DCDuty cycle at 100% 650 A - 44 V 1 000 A - 44 V 1 300 A - 44 V 1 000 A - 44 V

Primary power supply 3x 400 - 440 V / 50-60 Hz 3x 380 - 400 V - 415 V / 50-60 Hz

Power consumption 34.5 kVA 69 kVA 103 kVA 122.7 kVA

Protection class IP 21 IP 23 IP 21

Weight 247 kg 394 kg 483 kg 540 kg

Dimensions (H x W x D) 692 x 565 x 914 mm 900 x 650 x 950 mm 1 120 x 692 x 1 170 mm

2006

-781

2014

-478

A practical, efficient and cost effective solution:

modular SAW carriage which can be adapted to various applications,

flat and angle assembly of plates in all grades and thicknesses,

welding with single ( 1,6 to 5 mm) or twin wires ( 1,2 1,6 mm),

crabbing arms,

flux recovery in option.

2008

-337

MEGATRAC 6 : SAW self propelled tractor

2014

-268

3670

-003

OXYTOME / PLASMATOME RS & TWIN RS - CYBERTOME openthe way to all oxycutting and plasma arc cutting operations thatrequire the use of machines capable of cutting very wide platesand implementing more complex options.

24

Flame and Plasma cutting machines

2011

-542

2014

-391

2013

-584

2011

-014

2013

-203

OXYTOME RS

PLASMATOME TWIN

Reinforced structure for OXYTOME / PLASMATOME (RS)For plates wider than 4 m or for certain equipment, a reinforcedstructure is used to ensure movement stability and precision.

TWIN structure for OXYTOME / PLASMATOMEThe TWIN structure is designed as a double transversal beamequipped with liner guides and bearing, located in a safety positionaway from heat radiation. This machine is specially suitable forbevelling head applications requiring a transversal cutting stroke over4 m or tool holder of 800 mm. Finally, the accuracy of this machineis particulary suitable for HP plasma applications.

MACH HP & NERTAJET HPiinstallationsInstallations NERTAJET HPi 150 - 300- 450 - 600 and oxyfuel MACH HPdedicated to oxycutting and plasmaarc cutting for intensive use andprecision cuts.

AZURMATIC tablesA large range of cutting tables adapted to theprocess of cutting: Table with air extraction for dry cutting. Variable water level table specially intended

for immersed plasma cutting.

CYBERTOMEDesigned as a machine tool concept, stated in terms of accuracy and repeatability according to current standards.This design can be modified to accomodate special requirements, and allows sheetmetal cutting of 8 m width and more.

EQUIPMENTS

2009

-300

NERTAJET BEVEL HPAn efficient tool for all cuts that requireparticular preparation for welding, orany other applications requiring bevels.It thus makes it possible to make V, Y,X and K bevels in a large range of thicknesses and materials.

2012

-751

2009

-179

Air Liquide Welding through WELDLINE offers a wide range of toolsand accessories dedicated for welding applications (cables, earthclamps, torches, brushes and hammers, sprays) as well aspersonal protective equipment for the welder (gloves, clothing,goggles, mask) and for the workshop (strips, curtains, etc...).

25

Accessories and PPE(Personal Protective Equipment)

2009

-462

Tungsten electrodesFor TIG welding, a full range of non consumable tungsten electrodes.

The range includes pure tungsten electrodes and several types of alloyed electrodes.

Pure Tungsten for AC welding of aluminum Tungsten + cerium for DC weldingTungsten + lanthanum for both DC and AC weldingTungsten + rare earths for both DC and AC welding

FLUXO

CLEANOX

SPRAYMIG BUBBLEWelder ProtectionA complete range of helmets, leather and cotton clothing,glasses, gloves and shoes. The ZEPHYR helmet ensures comfortand protection with a new high performance liquid crystal cell,extra-wide vision and extreme reliability. The ZEPHYR is equippedwith a forced air flow system preventing welding fume frominfiltrating into the welders helmet. The filter and protectionscreen are easy to extract, with pressure on the push button.Adjustable head gear (4 positions) with an optimised design toensure good protection of the head, and light weight for comfort.

2011

-521

2007

-394

2007

-794

2008

-574

2008

-579

SpraysAnti-spatter (SPRAYMIG), crack detection products (FLUX0),leak detection (BUBBLE).

Stainless steel treatmentWELDLINE propose a completerange of products for stainlesssteel surface treatment: CLEANOX (Degreasing,

product in liquid) PICKLINOX (Pickling,

product in gel, pasteor liquid)

RESTORINOX (Passivation,product in gel)

2012

-277

2012

-278

2012

-279

Cables and connectorsPrimary and secondary cables, solid coppermeeting the international standards requirements.

2000

-174 2

007-

814

2008

-386

2008

-383

2008

-389

RESTORINOX

PICKLINOX

Ovens

A full range of portable quivers,holding and re-baking ovens forMMA electrodes and hopperovens for SAW fluxes.

2009

-471

26

C F

- 33.3 26 78.8- 2.78 27 80.6- 2.22 28 82.4- 1.67 29 84.2- 1.11 30 86.0

- 0.56 31 87.80.00 32 89.60.56 33 91.41.11 34 93.21.67 35 95.0

2.22 36 96.82.78 37 98.63.33 38 100.43.89 39 102.24.44 40 104.0

5.00 41 105.85.56 42 107.66.11 43 109.46.67 44 111.27.22 45 113.0

C F

7.78 46 114.88.33 47 116.68.89 48 118.49.44 49 120.210.0 50 122.0

10.6 51 123.811.1 52 125.611.7 53 127.412.2 54 129.212.8 55 131.0

13.3 56 132.813.9 57 134.614.4 58 136.415.0 59 138.215.6 60 140.0

16.1 61 141.816.7 62 143.617.2 63 145.417.8 64 147.218.3 65 149.0

C F

18.9 66 150.819.4 67 152.620.2 68 154.420.6 69 156.221.1 70 158.0

21.7 71 159.822.2 72 161.622.8 73 163.423.3 74 165.223.9 75 167.0

24.4 76 168.825.0 77 170.625.6 78 172.426.1 79 174.226.7 80 176.0

27.2 81 177.827.8 82 179.628.3 83 181.428.9 84 183.229.4 85 185.0

C F

30.0 86 186.830.6 87 188.631.1 88 190.431.7 89 192.232.2 90 194.0

32.8 91 195.833.3 92 197.633.9 93 199.434.4 94 201.235.0 95 203.0

35.6 96 204.836.1 97 206.636.7 98 208.437.2 99 210.238 100 212.0

43 110 23049 120 24854 130 26660 140 28466 150 302

C F

71 160 32077 170 33882 180 35688 190 37493 200 392

99 210 410100 212 413104 220 428110 230 446116 240 464

121 250 482127 260 500132 270 518138 280 536143 290 554

149 300 572154 310 590160 320 608166 330 626171 340 644

C F

177 350 662182 360 680188 370 698193 380 716199 390 734

204 400 752232 450 842260 500 932288 550 1022316 600 1112

343 650 1202371 700 1292399 750 1382427 800 1472454 850 1562

482 900 1652510 950 1742538 1000 1832566 1050 1922593 1100 2012

C F

621 1150 2102649 1200 2192677 1250 2282704 1300 2372732 1350 2462

760 1400 2552788 1450 2642816 1500 2732843 1550 2822871 1600 2912

899 1650 3002927 1700 3092954 1750 3182982 1800 32721010 1850 3362

1038 1900 34521066 1950 35421093 2000 36321121 2050 37221149 2100 3812

C F

1177 2150 39021204 2200 39921232 2250 40821260 2300 41721288 2350 4262

1316 2400 43521343 2450 44421371 2500 45321399 2550 46221427 2600 4712

1454 2650 48021482 2700 48921510 2750 49821538 2800 50721566 2850 5162

1593 2900 52521621 2950 53421649 3000 5432

C F

- 156.6 - 250 - 418- 128.8 - 200 - 328- 101.1 - 150 - 238- 73.3 - 100 - 148- 45.5 - 50 - 58

- 45.0 - 49 - 56.2- 44.4 - 48 - 54.4- 43.8 - 47 - 52.6- 43.3 - 46 - 50.8- 42.7 - 45 - 49

- 42.2 - 44 - 47.2- 41.6 - 43 - 45.4- 41.1 - 42 - 43.6- 40.5 - 41 - 41.8- 40.0 - 40 - 40.0

- 39.4 - 39 - 38.2- 38.8 - 38 - 36.4- 38.3 - 37 - 34.6- 37.7 - 36 - 32.8- 37.2 - 35 - 31

C F

- 36.6 - 34 - 29.2- 36.1 - 33 - 27.4- 35.5 - 32 - 25.6- 35.0 - 31 - 23.8- 34.4 - 30 - 22.0

- 33.8 - 29 - 20.2- 33.3 - 28 - 18.4- 32.7 - 27 - 16.6- 32.2 - 26 - 14.8- 31.6 - 25 - 13.0

- 31.1 - 24 - 11.2- 30.5 - 23 - 9.4- 30.0 - 22 - 7.6- 29.4 - 21 - 5.8- 28.8 - 20 - 4.0

- 28.3 - 19 - 2.2- 27.7 - 18 - 0.4- 27.2 - 17 1.4- 26.6 - 16 3.2- 26.1 - 15 5.0

C F

- 25.5 - 14 6.8- 25.0 - 13 8.6- 24.4 - 12 10.4- 23.8 - 11 12.2- 23.3 - 10 14.0

- 22.7 - 9 15.8- 22.2 - 8 17.6- 21.6 - 7 19.4- 21.1 - 6 21.2- 20.5 - 5 23.0

- 20.0 - 4 24.8- 19.4 - 3 26.6- 18.8 - 2 28.4- 18.3 - 1 30.2- 17.8 0 32.0

- 17.2 1 33.8- 16.7 2 35.6- 16.1 3 37.4- 15.6 4 39.2- 15.0 5 41.0

C F

- 14.4 6 42.8- 13.9 7 44.6- 13.3 8 46.4- 12.8 9 48.2- 12.2 10 50.0

- 11.7 11 51.8- 11.1 12 53.6- 10.6 13 55.4- 10.0 14 57.2- 9.44 15 59.0

- 8.89 16 61.8- 8.33 17 63.6- 7.78 18 65.4- 7.22 19 67.2- 6.67 20 68.0

- 6.11 21 69.8- 5.56 22 71.6- 5.0 23 73.4- 4.44 24 75.2- 3.89 25 77.0

Note: the numbers in bold type refer to the temperature, either in Celsius or Fahrenheit, which is desired to convert into the other scale. If converting fromFahrenheit degrees to Celsius degrees, the equivalent temperature will be found in the left column, while converting from Ceslsius degrees to Fahrenheitdegrees the answer will be found in the column on the right.

Temperature Conversion Table

27

Impact Toughness Conversion Table

J ft.lb.

20 14.722 16.224 17.726 19.128 20.630 22.132 23.634 25.036 26.538 28.040 29.542 30.944 32.446 33.9

J ft.lb.

48 35.450 36.852 38.354 39.856 41.358 42.760 44.262 45.764 47.266 48.668 50.170 51.672 53.174 54.5

J ft.lb.

76 56.078 57.580 59.082 60.484 61.986 63.488 64.990 66.392 67.894 69.396 70.898 72.2100 73.7102 75.2

J ft.lb.

104 76.7106 78.1108 79.6110 81.1112 82.6114 84.0116 85.5118 87.0120 88.5122 89.9124 91.4126 92.9128 94.4130 95.8

J ft.lb.

132 97.3134 98.8136 100.3138 101.7140 103.2142 104.7144 106.2146 107.6148 109.1150 110.6152 112.1154 113.5156 115.0158 116.5

J ft.lb.

160 118.9162 119.4164 120.8166 122.3168 123.8170 125.3172 126.7174 128.2176 129.7178 131.2180 132.6182 134.1184 135.6186 137.1

J ft.lb.

188 138.5190 140.0192 141.5194 142.9196 144.4198 145.9200 147.4

Welding Units Comparison Tables

lbs/hr kg/hr

1 0.452 0.93 1.364 1.815 2.266 2.727 3.178 3.689 4.0810 4.5311 4.9812 5.4413 5.8914 6.3515 6.8016 7.2517 7.7118 8.1619 8.6120 9.0721 9.5222 9.9723 10.4324 10.8825 11.33

Deposition rates

ins/min m/min

25 0.650 1.375 1.9100 2.5125 3.1150 3.8175 4.4200 5.1225 5.7250 6.3275 6.9300 7.6325 8.2350 8.9375 9.5400 10.2425 10.8450 11.4475 12.0500 12.7525 13.3550 14.0575 14.6600 15.2625 15.8650 16.5675 17.1700 17.8

Wire feed speed

lbs kgs

2.2 14.4 26.6 38.8 411.0 513.2 615.4 717.6 819.8 922.0 1033.0 1544.0 2055.0 2566.0 3077.0 3588.0 4099.0 45110.0 50

Consumable weight

inches mm

10 25012 30013 33014 35018 450

Electrode length

inches mm

0.024 0.60.030 0.80.035 0.90.045 1.00.052 1.2

1/16 1.65/64 2.03/32 2.47/64 3.01/8 3.25/32 4.03/16 5.01/4 6.0

Electrodeand wire diameter

Conversion factors:1 Joule = 0.73756 ft.lb.1 ft.lb. = 1.35582 J

28

N/mm2 ksi psi MPa

150 21.8 21800 150160 23.2 23200 160170 24.7 24700 170180 26.1 26100 180190 27.6 27600 190200 29.0 29000 200210 30.5 30500 210220 31.9 31900 220230 33.4 33400 230240 34.8 34800 240250 36.3 36300 250260 37.7 37700 260270 39.2 39200 270280 40.6 40600 280290 42.1 42100 290300 43.5 43500 300310 45.0 45000 310320 46.4 46400 320330 47.9 47900 330340 49.3 49300 340

N/mm2 ksi psi MPa

350 50.8 50800 350360 52.2 52200 360370 53.7 53700 370380 55.1 55100 380390 56.6 56600 390400 58.0 58000 400410 59.5 59500 410420 60.9 60900 420430 62.4 62400 430440 63.8 63800 440450 65.3 65300 450460 66.7 66700 460470 68.2 68200 470480 69.6 69600 480490 71.1 71100 490500 72.5 72500 500510 74.0 74000 510520 75.4 75400 520530 76.9 76900 530540 78.3 78300 540

N/mm2 ksi psi MPa

550 79.8 79800 550560 81.2 81200 560570 82.7 82700 570580 84.1 84100 580590 85.6 85600 590600 87.0 87000 600610 88.5 88500 610620 89.9 89900 620630 91.4 91400 630640 92.8 92800 640650 94.3 94300 650660 95.7 95700 660670 97.2 97200 670680 98.6 98600 680690 100.1 100100 690700 101.5 101500 700710 103.0 103000 710720 104.4 104400 720730 105.9 105900 730740 107.3 107300 740

N/mm2 ksi psi MPa

750 108.8 108800 750760 110.2 110200 760770 111.7 111700 770780 113.1 113100 780790 114.6 114600 790800 116.0 116000 800810 117.5 117500 810820 118.9 118900 820830 120.4 120400 830840 121.8 121800 840850 123.3 123300 850860 124.7 124700 860870 126.2 126200 870880 127.8 127800 880890 129.1 129100 890900 130.5 130500 900910 132.0 132000 910920 133.4 133400 920930 134.9 134900 930940 136.3 136300 940

N/mm2 ksi psi MPa

950 137.8 137800 950960 139.2 139200 960970 140.7 140700 970980 142.1 142100 980990 143.6 143600 9901000 145.0 145000 10001010 146.5 146500 10101020 147.9 147900 10201030 149.4 149400 10301040 150.8 150800 10401050 152.3 152300 10501060 153.7 153700 10601070 155.2 155200 10701080 156.6 156600 10801090 158.1 158100 10901100 159.5 159500 11001110 161.0 161000 11101120 162.4 162400 11201130 163.9 163900 11301140 165.3 165300 1140

Conversion factors: 1 N/mm2 = 145.038 psi1 N/mm2 = 0.145038 ksi1 MPa = 145.038 psi1 MPa = 0.145038 ksi

Note: psi values have been rounded off to the nearest fourth digit.

Stress Conversion Table

N/mm2 ksi psi MPa

1150 166.8 166800 11501160 168.2 168200 11601170 169.7 169700 11701180 171.1 171100 11801190 172.6 172600 11901200 174.0 174000 1200

29

Welding positions according to DIN EN ISO 6947:1997-05

Buttwelds

PA1G

Horizontalflat position

PC2G

Transverseposition

PE4G

Overheadposition

PG3Gd

Vertical downposition

PF3Gu

Vertical upposition

Filletwelds

PA1F

Horizontalflat position

PB2F

Horizontaldownhand position

PD4F

Horizontaloverhead position

PG3F

Vertical downposition

PF3Fu

Vertical upposition

PD4F

Pipe: fixedAxis: verticalASME: 4F

Pipewelds

PA1G

Pipe: rotatedAxis: horizontalASME: 1G

Pipe: fixedAxis: horizontalASME: 5Gd

Pipe: fixedAxis: horizontalASME: 5Gu

PC2G

Pipe: fixedAxis: verticalASME: 2G

H-LO456G

Pipe: fixedAxis: e.g. 45ASME: 6G

PG5Gd

PF5Gu

Pipewelds

PB2F

Pipe: rotatedAxis: horizontalASME: 2F

Pipe: fixedAxis: horizontalASME: 5Fd

Pipe: fixedAxis: horizontalASME: 5Fu

PB2F

Pipe: fixedAxis: verticalASME: 2F

PG5Fd

PF5Fu

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BELGIUMAIR LIQUIDE WELDING BELGIUM SAZ.I. West Grijpen - Grijpenlaan 5 - 3300 TIENENTel.: +32 16 80 48 20 - Fax: +32 16 78 29 22

CHINAAIR LIQUIDE WELDINGHANGZHOU SAF-OERLIKON Weld. and Cut. Co. Ltd.185, Kangtai Road Qianjiang Eco. and Dev. ZoneYuhang District HANGZHOU China 311106Tel.: +86 21 64 43 89 69 - Fax: +86 21 64 43 58 97

CZECH REPUBLIC AIR LIQUIDE CZ S.R.O. - Welding and CuttingPodnikatelsk 565 - Arel SVUM - 190 11 PRAHA 9 - BchoviceTel.: +420 274 023 163 - Fax: +420 274 023 233

FRANCEAIR LIQUIDE WELDING FRANCE13, rue d pluches - CS 10113 Saint-Ouen lAumne95315 CERGY PONTOISE CedexTel.: +33 1 34 21 33 33 - Fax: +33 1 34 21 31 30

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HUNGARYsee address in Romania

ITALYFRO-AIR LIQUIDE WELDING ITALIA S.p.ALoc. Casalmenini, 337010 - RIVOLI-VERONESE (VR)Tel.: +39 045 82 91 511- Fax: +39 045 82 91 536

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NETHERLANDSAIR LIQUIDE WELDING NETHERLANDSRudonk 6 B - NL 4824 AJ BREDATel.: +31 76 541 00 80 - Fax: +31 76 541 58 96

POLANDAIR LIQUIDE WELDING POLSKA - SP. Z.o.oUL. Porcelanowa 10 - 40-246 KATOWICETel.: +48 32 609 04 50 - Fax: +48 32 609 04 60

PORTUGALAIR LIQUIDE SOLDADURA LDARua Dr. Antnio Loureiro Borges, 4-2 ArquiparqueMiraflores - 1495-131 ALGSTel: +351 21 41 64 900 - Fax: +351 21 41 69 40ROMANIADUCTILAleea Industriilor Nr 1 - 120224 BUZAUTel.: +40 238 722 058 - Fax: +40 238 716 861RUSSIAAIR LIQUIDE WELDING17 Vorontsovskaya Str. - 109147 MOSCOW Tel.: +7 495 641 28 98 - Fax: +7 495 641 28 91SCANDINAVIAOERLIKON SKANDINAVIEN ABKrossverksgatan 7 - 216 16 LIMHAMNTel.: +46 (0)40 670 15 00 - Fax: +46 (0)40 670 15 01SLOVAKIAAIR LIQUIDE WELDING CENTRAL EUROPE S.R.O.Hlohoveck 6 - 951 41 NITRA - LUIANKYTel.: +421 37 692 4610 - Fax: +421 37 651 28 04SPAINOERLIKON SOLDADURA SAPoligono Industrial la Noria Carretera de Castellon Km-15,500 - 50730 El Burgo de Ebro - ZARAGOZATel.: +34 976 10 47 00 - Fax: +34 976 10 42 67SWITZERLANDOERLIKON SCHWEISSTECHNIK AG Mandachstrasse 54 - CH 8155 NIEDERHASLI Tel.:+41 44 3076 111 - Fax: +41 44 3076 112THAILANDEAIR LIQUIDE WELDING THAILAND Co. Ltd.40 Moo 6 - Ramindra Road Km 9.5KHANNAYAO, BANGKOK 10230Tel.: +66 29 43 2250 - Fax: +66 29 43 2256UAEAIR LIQUIDE WELDING MIDDLE EAST FZEJebel Ali free zone warehouse No. FZS1AH05P.O. BOX 18734 - Jebel Ali - DUBAITel.: +971(0)48861606 - Fax: +971(0)48861608U. K.AIR LIQUIDE WELDING LtdLow March / London Road - DAVENTRY - Northants NN11 4SDTel.: +44 1 327 70 55 11 - Fax: +44 1 327 70 13 10UKRAINEAIR LIQUIDE WELDING UKRAINE, Llc.Moskovskij Prospect 199 - Office 339 - 61037 KHARKOVTel.: +38 057 728 08 52- Fax: +38 057 728 08 53

www.oerlikon-welding.com

Contacts

Air Liquide is the world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment, and is present in over 80 countries with 50 000 employees Oxygen, nitrogen,hydrogen and rare gases have been at the core of Air Liquides activities since its creation in 1902. Using these molecules, Air Liquide continuously reinventsits business, anticipating the needs of current and future markets. The Group innovates to enable progress, to achieve dynamic growth and a consistent performance.Air Liquide combines many products and technologies to develop valuable applications and services not only for its customers but also for society.

Contacts for other countries:Air Liquide Welding Export Department Italy Loc. Casalmenini,337010 - RIVOLI-VERONESE (VR)Tel.: +39 045 82 91 511- Fax: +39 045 82 91 536

Air Liquide Welding Export Department France13, rue dEpluchesCS 10113 Saint Ouen lAumne95315 CERGY-PONTOISE CedexTel.: +33 1 34 21 33 33 - Fax: +33 1 30 37 19 73

Documents

LNG and Low Temperature Gas Storage