LMPHR111

LM-PHR111: LAB IN GENERAL PHARMACY

LABORATORY MANUAL

PHR111

GENERAL PHARMACY

Table of Contents

Expt. No Title of the Experiment Page

No.

1. To Prepare and submit the ........ ml of chloroform water (BPC) 4

2. To Prepare and submit the ........ ml of chloroform water double 5 strength (BPC)

3. To prepare and submit the............ ml of camphor water by diluting 6

concentrated camphor water

4. To prepare and submit ............ml of Compound sodium chloride 7 mouthwash BPC

5. To prepare and submit 20 ml of weak iodine solution IP. 9

6. To prepare and submit aquous iodine solution IP. 10

7. To prepare and submit Phenyl Glycerin solution IP. 11

8. To prepare and submit Phenyl Glycerin ear drops BPC. 12

9. To prepare and submit dentrifices powder. 13

10. To prepare and submit foot powder. 14

11. To prepare and submit simple syrup. 15

12. To prepare and submit chloroform spirit (BPC). 17

13. To prepare and submit calamine lotion (BPC). 18

14. To prepare and submit Haemodialysis solution (BPC). 19

15. To prepare and submit zinc Starch and talc dusting 20

Powder (BPC).

16. To prepare and submit compound sodium chloride and 21 dextrose powder (BPC).

17. To prepare and submit salicylic acid lotion (BPC). 22

18. To prepare and submit Brilliant Green and crystal violet 23

paint (BPC).

19. To prepare and submit Ferric Ammonium Citrate mixture 24

(BPC).

20. To prepare and submit Cod liver oil emulsion (BPC). 25

21. To prepare and submit simple linctus BPC. 27

22. To prepare and submit paediatric simple linctus BPC. 28

1. Experiment: To Prepare and submit the chloroform water (BPC). Equipment Requirements: Iodine Flask. Materials Requirement: Purified Water, Chloroform 2. Learning objectives:

1. Preparation methodology of chloroform water.

2. Calculations of batch quantity on the basis of official or unit formula.

3. Labelling requirements of chloroform water 3. Outline of Procedure: Formula: (BPC)

Chloroform – 25 ml

Purified Water – qs to 1000 ml 1. Take required amount of chloroform in iodine flask. 2. Add the purified water into chloroform. 3. Shake well frequently until chloroform dissolves into the purified water.

4. Required Results:

Parameters: Quality and appearance of the product

Relationships to be determined: NA

Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA

5. Cautions:

1. Wash the container and glasswares properly.

1. Experiment: To Prepare and submit chloroform water double strength (BPC). Equipments Requirements: Iodine Flask Materials Requirements: Chloroform. 2. Learning objectives:

1. Preparation methodology of chloroform water double strength.


3. Labelling requirements of chloroform water double strength. 3. Outline of Procedure: Formula: (BPC)

Chloroform – 50 ml

Purified Water – qs to 1000 ml 1. Take required amount of chloroform in iodine flask. 2. Add the purified water into chloroform. 3. Shake well frequently until chloroform dissolves into the purified water. 4. Required Results:



Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA

5. Cautions:

Wash the container and glasswares properly.

1. Experiment : To prepare and submit camphor water by diluting

concentrated camphor water.

Equipments Requirement: Conical Flask, Measuring cylinder. Materials Requirement: Camphor Water, Alcohol

2. Learning objectives;

1. Preparation methodology of camphor water.


3. Labelling requirements of camphor water. 3. Outline of Procedure: Formula:

Camphor – 40 g

Alcohol 90% - 600 ml

Purified Water – qs to 1000 ml 1. Take required amount of camphor and dissolve in 90% alcohol. 2. Add the above solution in successive portion to purified water and shake well

after each addition till camphor is completely dissolved.




Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA

5. Cautions:


1. Experiment: To prepare and submit Compound sodium chloride mouthwash BPC.

Equipments Requirement: Beaker, Glass Rod, Measuring Cylinder. Materials Requirement: Sodium chloride, Sodium bicarbonate, Peppermint

emulsion concentrated, Chloroform water double strength

2. Learning objectives:

1. Preparation methodology of compound sodium chloride mouthwash.


3. Labelling requirements of compound sodium chloride mouthwash.

3. Outline of Procedure: Formula:

Ingredients Official formula

Sodium chloride 15g

Sodium bicarbonate 10 g

Peppermint emulsion, 25 ml

concentrated

Chloroform water, double 500ml

strength

Water to 1000ml

Depending on the quantity of preparation to be submitted, the working formula is calculated.

1. Weighed quantities of sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate are

dissolved in 1/4

th quantity of water in a beaker.

2. Measured volumes of concentrated peppermint emulsion and chloroform

water are mixed in another beaker.

3. The contents of the second beaker are poured into the first beaker slowly

with continuous stirring.

4. The final required volume of then adjusted by adding more purified water.

5. The preparation is transferred into well closed container.

6. The container is capped, polished, labeled and submitted.




Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA

5. Cautions:

Wash the containers and glasswares properly.

1. Experiment: To prepare and submit 20 ml of weak iodine solution IP.

Equipments Requirement: Beaker, Glass Rod, Measuring Cylinder. Materials Requirement: Iodine, Potassium iodide, Alcohol, 50%


1. Preparation methodology of weak iodine solution.


3. Labelling requirements of weak iodine solution.



Iodine 20g

Potassium iodide 25g

Alcohol, 50% qs 1000ml


1. Potassium iodide and iodine is dissolved in 3/4th

quantity of alcohol 50 % in

the same sequence.

2. Sufficient alcohol is added to produce the required volume.

3. The preparation is then transferred into a well-closed amber coloured container.

4. The bottle is capped, labelled, polished and submitted.

4. Required Result:



Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA

5. Cautions:


1. Experiment: To prepare and submit aqueous iodine solution IP. Equipments Requirement: Beaker, Glass Rod, Measuring Cylinder. Materials Requirement: Iodine, Potassium iodide, Alcohol, 50%


1. Preparation methodology of aqueous iodine solution.


3. Labelling requirements of aqueous iodine solution.



Iodine 50g

Potassium iodide 100g

Purified water qs 1000ml


1. Weighed quantity of potassium iodide is dissolved in small quantity of purified water.

2. Weighed quantity of iodine is dissolved in the above solution.

3. Sufficient purified water is added to produce the required volume.

4. The preparation is then transferred into a well-closed amber coloured container.





Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA

5. Cautions:

Iodine should not be added before Potassium Iodide to water

1. Experiment: To prepare and submit Phenyl Glycerin solution IP. Equipments Requirement: Beaker, Glass Rod, Measuring Cylinder.

Materials Requirement: Phenol, Glycerin.


1. Preparation methodology of Phenyl Glycerin solution.


3. Labelling requirements of Phenyl Glycerin solution.



Phenol 160g

Glycerin 840g


1. Weighed quantity of phenol and glycerine is dissolved by mixing phenol in

glycerine with the gentle heating.

2. Sufficient quantity of glycerin is added to produce the required volume.

3. The preparation is then transferred into a container.





Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA

5. Cautions:


1. Experiment: To prepare and submit Phenyl Glycerin ear drops BPC. Equipments Requirement: Beaker, Glass Rod, Measuring Cylinder. Materials Requirement: Phenyl Glycerin Solution, Glycerin.


1. Preparation methodology of Phenyl Glycerin ear drops.


3. Labelling requirements of Phenyl Glycerin ear drops.



Phenyl Glycerin Solution 40 ml

Glycerin q.s 1000 ml


1. Weighed quantity of phenol and glycerine is dissolved by mixing phenol in

glycerine with the gentle heating.

2. Sufficient quantity of glycerin is added to produce the required volume.

3. The preparation is then transferred into a container.





Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA

5. Cautions: Wash the container and glasswares properly.

1. Experiment: To prepare and submit dentrifices powder. Equipments Requirement: Beaker, Glass Rod, Measuring Cylinder. Materials Requirement: Calcium Carbonate, Sod. Lauryl Sulphate, Saccharine, Menthol.


1. Preparation methodology of dentrifices powder.


3. Labelling requirements of dentrifices powder.



Calcium Carbonate 19.6g

Sod. Lauryl Sulphate 0.24g

Saccharine 0.66g

Menthol qs.


1. Weigh calcium carbonate and pass the powder through mesh no 80.

2. Weigh sodium lauryl sulphate and also passes through mesh no 80.

3. Weigh the saccharine.

4. Add one drop of menthol in the centre and mix them in mortar.




Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA

5. Cautions:


1. Experiment: To prepare and submit foot powder. Equipments Requirement: Beaker, Glass Rod, Measuring Cylinder. Materials Requirement: Boric Acid, Kaolin, Talc, Menthol 2. Learning objectives:

1. Preparation methodology of foot powder.


3. Labelling requirements of foot powder. 3. Outline of Procedure: Formula:


Boric Acid 2g

Kaolin 4.45g

Talc 9g

Menthol 0.1g


1. Weigh boric acid, kaolin and talc and passes the powder through mesh no 80.

2. Weigh the menthol and add, mix them in beaker.




Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA

5. Cautions: Wash the container and glasswares properly.

1. Experiment: To prepare and submit simple syrup.

Equipments Requirement: Beaker, Glass Rod, Measuring Cylinder, Dispensing

balance, Hot Plate. Materials Requirement: Sucrose


1. Preparation methodology of simple syrup.


3. Labelling requirements of simple syrup.



Sucrose (sugar) 667g

Purified water, quantity 1000g

sufficient to produce (qs)


1. Hundred ml empty beaker is weighed and the weight is noted.

2. Calculated quantity of sucrose is weighted in the same beaker.

3. 3/4th

quantity of water is placed into the beaker.

4. Sucrose is dissolved by heating with occasional stirring.




Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA

5. Cautions:

1. Over heating of sugar solution should be avoided because it leads to

caramellization of sugar. This is indicated by black colour of the solution.

2. After cooling, purified water is added to make up to the required weight.

3. The syrup is filtered through muslin cloth if necessary.

4. The simple syrup is transferred into a light-resistant container (amber coloured

container).

1. Experiment: To prepare and submit chloroform spirit (BPC). Equipments Requirement: Beaker, Glass Rod, Measuring Cylinder, Dispensing

balance, Hot Plate. Materials Requirement: Chloroform, Alcohol (90%). 2. Learning objectives:

1. Preparation methodology of chloroform spirit.


3. Labelling requirements of chloroform spirit. 3. Outline of Procedure: Formula:


Chloroform 50 ml

Alcohol (90%) qs 1000 ml


1. Weigh the chloroform and dissolve it in small quantity of alcohol.

2. Make up the volume by using 90% alcohol. 4. Required Result:



Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA 5. Cautions: Wash the container and glasswares properly.

1. Experiment: To prepare and submit calamine lotion (BPC).

Equipments Requirement: Beaker, Glass Rod, Measuring Cylinder, Dispensing balance, Hot Plate. Materials Requirement: Calamine, Zinc Oxide, Sodium Citrate, Bentonite,

Glycerol, Liquid Phenol


1. Preparation methodology of calamine lotion.


3. Labelling requirements of calamine lotion.



Calamine 150g

Zinc Oxide 50g

Sodium Citrate 5g

Bentonite 30g

Glycerol 50ml

Liquid Phenol 5ml

Purified Water qs 1000ml


1. Pathilate the calamine, zinc oxide, bentonite with the solution consisting

of sodium citrate dissolved in about 15 ml of water.

2. Add the liquid phenol with glycerol.

3. Add the sufficient water to produce the required volume of the mixture.

4. Required Result:



Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA

5. Cautions: Washing of glasswares should be done properly.

1. Experiment: To prepare and submit Haemodialysis solution (BPC).


balance, Hot Plate. Materials Requirement: Pot. Chloride, Dextrose, Sodium Acetate, Sod. Chloride.


1. Preparation methodology of Haemodialysis solution.


3. Labelling requirements of Haemodialysis solution.



Pot. Chloride 206 g

Dextrose 70 g

Sodium Acetate 166.6 g

Sod. Chloride 194.5 g

Purified Water qs 1000ml


1. Weigh the required quantity of Pot. Chloride, Dextrose. Sodium

Acetate, Sod. Chloride and mix them in ascending order.

2. Dissolve the above mixture in 30 ml of water.

3. Make up the volume by water.




Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA

5. Cautions:

Washing of glasswares should be done properly.

1. Experiment: To prepare and submit zinc Starch and talc dusting powder (BPC).


balance, Hot Plate. Materials Requirement: Zinc Oxide, Starch, Talc.


1. Preparation methodology of zinc starch and talc dusting powder.


3. Labelling requirements of zinc starch and talc dusting powder.

3. Outline of Procedure:

Formula:


Zinc Oxide 250 g

Starch 250 g

Talc 500 g


1. Weigh the required quantity of Zinc Oxide, Starch, and talc and mix

them in ascending order.

2. Dispense the powder in air tight containers.




Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA


1. Experiment: To prepare and submit compound sodium chloride and dextrose powder (BPC).


balance, Hot Plate. Materials Requirement: Sod. Chloride, Dextrose, Pot. Chloride, Sod. Bicarbonate.


1. Preparation methodology of compound sodium chloride and dextrose powder.


3. Labelling requirements of compound sodium chloride and dextrose powder.



Sod. Chloride 0.5 g

Dextrose 20 g

Pot. Chloride 0.75 g

Sod. Bicarbonate 0.75 g


1. Weigh the required quantity of ingredients and mix them in ascending order.

2. Dispense the powder in closely packed air tight containers.

3. Dissolve the powder in sufficient recently boiled water and cool to make

make up the volume




Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA

5. Cautions:


1. Experiment: To prepare and submit salicylic acid lotion (BPC). Equipments Requirement: Beaker, Glass Rod, Measuring Cylinder, Dispensing

balance, Hot Plate. Materials Requirement: Salicylic Acid, Castor Oil, Alcohol (95%).


1. Preparation methodology of salicylic acid lotion.


3. Labelling requirements of salicylic acid lotion.



Salicylic Acid 0.6 g

Castor Oil 0.3 g



1. Dissolve salicylic acid in alcohol and add the castor oil.

2. Add sufficient alcohol to produce the required volume and mix the two.




Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA


1. Experiment: To prepare and submit Brilliant Green and crystal violet paint (BPC).


balance, Hot Plate. Materials Requirement: Brilliant Green, Crystal Violet, Alcohol (90%).


1. Preparation methodology of Brilliant Green and crystal violet paint.


3. Labelling requirements of Brilliant Green and crystal violet paint.



Brilliant Green 0.6 g

Crystal Violet 0.3 g


Purified Water qs 1000 ml


1. Dissolve Brilliant Green and Crystal Violet in alcohol.

2. Add sufficient water to produce the required volume.




Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA

5. Cautions:


1. Experiment: To prepare and submit Ferric Ammonium Citrate mixture (BPC). Equipments Requirement: Beaker, Glass Rod, Measuring Cylinder, Dispensing

balance, Hot Plate. Materials Requirement: Ferric Ammonium Citrate, Chloroform water.


1. Preparation methodology of Ferric Ammonium Citrate mixture.


3. Labelling requirements of Ferric Ammonium Citrate mixture.



Ferric Ammonium Citrate 200 g

Chloroform water 500 ml

Purified Water qs 1000 ml


1. Weigh the required amount of Ferric Ammonium Citrate mixture.

2. Dissolve the above mixture in chloroform water.

3. Add the sufficient amount of water and maintain the required volume.




Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA


1. Experiment: To prepare and submit Cod liver oil emulsion (BPC). Equipments Requirement: Beaker, Glass Rod, Measuring Cylinder, Dispensing

balance, Hot Plate. Materials Requirement: Cod liver oil, Egg yolk.


1. Preparation methodology of Cod liver oil emulsion.


3. Labelling requirements of Cod liver oil emulsion.



Cod liver oil 30ml

Egg yolk 4ml

Purified water to 60 ml

Using the prescription formula, the working formula is calculated.

1. Egg yolk is separated from the broken egg and placed in a measure. Equal

volume of water is added and mixed thoroughly.

2. The calculated volume of the above egg yolk is placed in a mortar.

3. The calculated volume of cod liver oil is added to the mortar and mixed with

constant stirring.

4. Purified water (1/3rd

the total quantity) is gradually added with constant trituration.

5. The mixture is strained through a muslin cloth.

6. Mortar and pestle are rinsed with little volume of water and transferred

through the muslin cloth.

7. The volume is adjusted to the required level with water in a measuring cylinder.

8. The contents are mixed well and transferred into a narrow mouthed container.

9. The container is capped polished , labeled and dispensed.




Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA

5. Cautions:


1. Experiment: To prepare and submit simple linctus BPC. Equipments Requirement: Beaker, Glass Rod, Measuring Cylinder, Dispensing

balance, Hot Plate. Materials Requirement: Citric acid monohydrate, concentrated anise water,

Amaranth solution, Chloroform spirit, Simple Syrup.


1. Preparation methodology of simple linctus.


3. Labelling requirements of simple linctus.


Formula:


Citric acid monohydrate 25g

Concentrated anise water 10 ml

Amaranth solution 15 ml

Chloroform spirit 60 ml

Simple Syrup qs 1000ml

Depending on the quantity of preparation to be submitted, the working

formula is calculated. Simple syrup is prepared using the procedure

mentioned on exp. no. 11.

Weighed quantity of citric acid monohydrate is dissolved in 3/4

th quantity of

simple syrup

1. Concentrated anise water, amaranth solution and chloroform

spirit are added to the syrup containing citric acid with

intermittent mixing.

2. Finally the volume is made up to the required level with simple syrup.

3. The preparation is then transferred into a light-resistant

container.




Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA


1. Experiment: To prepare and submit 20 ml of paediatric simple linctus BPC.


balance, Hot Plate. Materials Requirement: Simple linctus, Sucrose.


1. Preparation methodology of paediatric simple linctus.


3. Labelling requirements of paediatric simple linctus.


Formula:


Simple linctus 250

Simple Syrup qs 1000ml

Depending on the quantity of preparation to be submitted, the working

formula is calculated. Simple syrup is prepared uing the procedure

mentioned earlier. Simple linctus is prepared using the procedure

mentioned earlier.

1. Measured volume of simple linctus is diluted with measured volume of simple syrup.

2. The preparation is then transferred into a light-resistant

container.

3. The container is capped, labelled, polished and submitted.




Graphs/Plots: NA

Error Analysis: NA


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LMPHR111