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LIS 670LIS 670
Introduction to Information Introduction to Information Science and TechnologyScience and Technology
donna Bair-Mundy
Course Web pagehttp://www2.hawaii.edu/~donnab/lis670/
Online version of syllabus
System
Environment
Transformationalprocesses
Inputs Outputs
energymoneymaterialspersonnelinformation
productsservices
Users
The library systemEnvironment
Transformationalprocesses
Inputs OutputsUsers
requests
Environment:Institution/communityeconomylawscommunity standards
Environment:FilteringNetwork security
The library systemEnvironment
Transformationalprocesses
Inputs Outputs
Inputs:publicationsindiceslaborfundsknowledge
Inputs:bibliometrics
Users
requests
The library systemEnvironment
Transformationalprocesses
Inputs OutputsTransformationalprocesses:catalogingdigitizingWeb page creation
Users
requests
Processes:HTMLindexingcomputer hardwarenetworkspacket switching
The library systemEnvironment
Transformationalprocesses
Inputs OutputsUsers
requestsOutputs:loans of materialsbibliographiesreference servicese-journalsblogs
Outputs:dissemination & access
The library systemEnvironment
Transformationalprocesses
Inputs OutputsUsers
requests
Users:patronsstaff
User studies
Course activities
In-class lectures
In-class discussions
In-class presentations
Exercises and projects
Laulima discussions
Final paper & presentation
Web portal
Ex. 1Spool
Evaluate OPAC
Internet use policy
Recommend. user study
NahlTodd
Filtering articles
Major Course Assignments
Dervin & Nilan
Garlock &
PiontekSaracevic
Ex. 2 Ex. 3 Ex. 4 Ex. 5
Technology tools
Internet-connected computer
Software:
Powerpoint
SSH (free at UH Web site)
Word processor
Exercise instructions
Exercise instructions
Exercise instructions
Exercise Two instructions
Exercise Five instructions
Older instructions
Running Powerpoint presentations
Interlacing
Non-interlaced image Interlaced image
Welcome to the Luddite Library
Web Page
We hope you'll find everything you need.
Welcome to the Technophile
Library Web Page
We hope you'll find everything you need.
Printing Powerpoint presentations
LIS 605 Web page : lecturesLIS 605 Web page : lectures
Notes page
On index card:On index card:
• Your "real" name (first and last)Your "real" name (first and last)
• What you like to be calledWhat you like to be called
• Your interestsYour interests
• What type of library you would What type of library you would like to work inlike to work in
Laulima discussions
https://laulima.hawaii.edu/portal
donnab *********
Laulima discussions
Discussion and Private Messages
Laulima discussions (cont'd)
Laulima discussions (cont'd)
Introducing yourself on Laulima
Your name
Academic background
Experience in libraries
Experience with computers
Something interesting about yourself
Something you would like to learn in this course
Exercise One: What makes a good Web page?
Select a well-designed Web site
What makes it a good Web site?
Means of finding information on the site
Navigation aids
Post your analysis on Laulima
Online readings
Online readings
Electronic reserves
(e-reserve)
http://library.manoa.hawaii.edu/
Electronic reserves (cont’d)
Electronic reserves (cont’d)
Electronic reserves (cont’d)
Electronic reserves (cont’d)
Electronic reserves (cont’d)
Electronic reserves (cont’d)
McBooklover
*********
Electronic reserves (cont’d)
Bush discussion
Bush discussion
Discussion question:
What is What is information?information?
DefinitionsDefinitions
• Data – Sets of symbols representing captured evidence of activities, transactions, and events
• Information – That which carries ideas; selected and manipulated data
Source: Pao, Miranda Lee. 1989. Concepts of information retrieval. Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited.
Definitions (cont’d)Definitions (cont’d)
• Knowledge – Processed information which has produced a change in the intellectual framework of learning within an individual. Not all contacts between information and individuals result in knowledge acquisition.
Source: Pao, Miranda Lee. 1989. Concepts of information retrieval. Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited.
Thought question:Thought question:
What is communication?What is communication?
Shannon & WeaverShannon & Weaver
Communication in librariesCommunication in libraries
CommunicationCommunication
““Communication is the use of Communication is the use of words, letters, symbols, or words, letters, symbols, or similar means to achieve similar means to achieve common or shared common or shared information about an object or information about an object or occurrence.” occurrence.” (Cherry 1978, 216)(Cherry 1978, 216)
Types of communicationTypes of communication
Reference
Communication modelsCommunication models
Linear modelsTrace a one-way flow of
messages with the speaker or sender developing or encoding a message that would be sent over a channel or channels to be received by a listener or receiver
Communication models (2)Communication models (2)
Interactional modelsTake into account critical
importance of feedback—signals or messages that tell the sender what is happening at the receiving end of the process
Shannon-Weaver Shannon-Weaver Communication ModelCommunication Model
ChannelChannel
TransmitterTransmitter ReceiverReceiver
SourceSource DestinationDestination
Source: Pao, Miranda Lee. 1989. Concepts of information retrieval. Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited.
coded
decoded
Shannon-Weaver model Shannon-Weaver model (cont’d)(cont’d)
• Information source produces message
• Transmitter operates on the message in some way to produce a signal suitable for transmission over the chosen channel
Shannon-Weaver model Shannon-Weaver model (cont’d)(cont’d)
• Channel is the medium used to transmit the signal from the transmitter to the receiver. It can be a beam of light, a band of radio frequency, etc.
Shannon-Weaver model Shannon-Weaver model (cont’d)(cont’d)
• Receiver accepts and decodes signals into information
• Destination is the person or thing for whom the message is intended
Shannon-Weaver Shannon-Weaver Communication ModelCommunication Model
ChannelChannel
TransmitterTransmitter ReceiverReceiver
SourceSource DestinationDestination
coded
decoded
Remote user sending Remote user sending request to Library OPACrequest to Library OPAC
ChannelChannelChannelChannel
TransmitterTransmitterTransmitterTransmitter ReceiverReceiverReceiverReceiver
SourceSourceSourceSource DestinationDestinationDestinationDestination
coded
decoded
ModemModemModemModem
Telephone lineTelephone lineTelephone lineTelephone line
ModemModemModemModem
Remote user
OPAC
Find Harry Potter
Find Harry Potter
Coding for telephone Coding for telephone transmissiontransmission
011011011011 011011011011
Analog versus digital Analog versus digital signalssignals
pit
ch
time
analogp
itch
time
digital
pit
ch
time
binary
(voice of real opera
singer)
Representing binary data in an Representing binary data in an analog environmentanalog environment
Carrier wave
Frequency modulation 0 1 0 11 1
Amplitude modulationAmplitude modulation
Carrier wave
Amplitude modulation 0 01 1
Phase shift modulationPhase shift modulation
Carrier wave
Phase shift modulation 0
10
1
Modem transmissionModem transmission01
1011
011011
0 10
11 1
modem modem
InformativenessInformativeness
• The informativeness of a message is that property which reduces uncertainty in the intended recipient . . . In other words, information is concerned with the degree of change to the knowledge state of the recipient as compared with the original state prior to the exposure to the message.
Informativeness (2)Informativeness (2)
• Information is a measure of one’s freedom of choice when one selects a message.
BobvilleBobville
Bob Bob Bob Bob
Hi!I'm Bob!
Choices of name: 1
Years later . . .Years later . . .
Bob Bob Bob Bob
Bill Bill Bill Bill
Hi!I'm Bill!
Choices of name: 2
Weaver’s 3 levels of the Weaver’s 3 levels of the communication problemcommunication problem
Technical Accuracy Message
Semantic Precision Meaning
EffectivenessIntended
Response Behavior
Level Concern Affects
Level one: technicalLevel one: technical
Grand Jury
Was the signal accurate?
Level two: semanticLevel two: semantic
Grand Jury
What does it mean?
It depends on the meaning of
"is"
Level three: effectivenessLevel three: effectiveness
Grand Jury
What did the grand jury do?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Weaver's level 1: OPACWeaver's level 1: OPAC
mkmiwcqrm*,}>kneom*,39&%%mki&9nkOInm@#$%^&*(){}[]'"<>?,./wpooncb&#_mklOPAC
Weaver's level 2: OPACWeaver's level 2: OPAC
Press Enter to continue
OPAC
Weaver's level 3: OPACWeaver's level 3: OPAC
Libraphile, LisaThe joys of library school
OPAC