Oracle on Linux

Northwest Chicagoland Linux Users Groupat Harper CollegeJuly 2, 2002

Robert StackowiakSr. Director, E-Business IntelligenceEnterprise Technology CenterOracle Corporationemail: Robert.Stackowiak@oracle.com

Agenda

Brief Oracle background Oracle - Dell - Red Hat Oracle database on Linux Oracle Real Application Clusters Where to find more information

Oracle Corporation

$11 Billion Revenue 250,000 Customers 145 Countries 40,000+ Employees

Oracle9i Products

9i Database 9i Application Server

(Oracle9iAS) 9i Developer Suite

(Oracle9iDS)

Key Development Focus Areas for Oracle9i

AvailabilityAvailability

Scalability &Scalability &PerformancePerformance

SecuritySecurity

DevelopmentDevelopmentPlatformPlatform

ManageabilityManageability

Internet ContentInternet ContentManagementManagement

B2C and B2BB2C and B2BeBusinesseBusiness

PackagedPackagedApplicationsApplications

BusinessBusinessIntelligenceIntelligence

Oracle9i Release 2New Features

Oracle9iDB Release 2– XML DB – Native XML

database functionality– Cluster File System –

simplified cluster computing on Windows and Linux

– Data Guard – Standby Database always available for reporting, back-up, ad-hoc query

– Complete and Integrated OLAP – scalable analytics where the data lives

– Table Compression – cut data warehouse disk space requirements by 50%

Oracle9iAS Release 2– Clustering – High

availability and load balancing

– Web Services Enabled – with support for SOAP 1.1, WSDL 1.0, and UDDI 2.0

– J2EE 1.3 support – the fastest and most complete Java platform

– Zero Planned Downtime – complete online maintenance

Oracle9i Application Server Architecture

Oracle9iAS Release 2 New Features HTTP Server Integration: OC4J, OEM, SSO Proxy Plug-In High Availability Java Object Cache Diagnostic Logging

OC4J J2EE 1.3 Stack Integration 3rd Party: JMS, JDBC,

OR-Mapping Manageability

Web Services J2EE/PLSQL WSDL Generation UDDI, SOAP 2.0 EAR file deployment Stream Processing

BC4J 9iDB Support Web Services Support

Forms Listener Servlet, SSO Remote Debugging Java Importer, Java API Internationalization

Portal New Builder New Component Portlets

Integration: Wireless Performance & Scalability

Wireless Push & SMS, PIM & Email SDK Advanced Customization

Web Cache Clustering, Partitioning Multiple Virtual Hosts XSLT Support Validation-based caching ESI Language & Portal Extensions

Oracle9i File System Portlet Integration: Wireless, Web Cache, OEM

InterConnect Application & Technology Adapters

Unified Messaging SMPT Server & Authentication Voice Mail, SMS Notification Local Delivery Rules Engine Web Calendar, Resource Scheduler

Discoverer Portlets, Scheduling Aggregation enhancements Connection Management Integration: Web Cache, Reports

Reports Pluggable Notifications, Engines &

Data Sources Event based publishing Enhanced Bursting Integration: Portal

Personalization Stack Integration

Clickstream Intelligence Brand New

Internet Directory User Authentication via SSO, OID Delegated and Self Admin Single, central user definition

OEM Lightweight HTML Admin UI User Administration End-to-end 9iAS Admin & Monitoring OC4J monitoring, deployment &

configuration

Oracle E-Business Suite

Customers,Customers,Products,Products,

& Everything& EverythingElse!Else!

ServiceService

FinancialsFinancials

HRHR

ProcurementProcurement

MarketingMarketing

SalesSales

SupplySupply Chain ChainSupplySupply Chain Chain

OrderOrderManagementManagement

Oracle on Linux Recent Certifications

Oracle9i release 2 RDBMS Oracle9iAS release 2 Oracle 11i Applications 11.5.7

All certified on:– Red Hat 2.1 Advanced Server– SuSE Linux Enterprise Server 7

Oracle9i Database: Most Popular on Linux

Other1.4%

Progress4.1%Informix

8.4%

IBM17.3%

Open Source

Ingres/Postgres

22.5%

Source: IDC, October 2001Source: IDC, October 2001

Oracle9i46.4%

Editor’s Choice AwardApril, 2002

Linux database market to grow from $63.9 million in 2001 to $5.1 billion by 2006,IDC, eWeek 6/10/2002

Survey of Linux Developers Which Application Server do you most commonly use?

0

5

10

15

20

25

Percent of Programmers

Linux Developer Survey Vol. 1, 2002, Evans Data Corp.

IBMBEAOracleColdFusionJruniPlanetBorlandOther

Oracle – Dell – Red Hat

“Dell has worked extensively with Oracle to deliver the first Oracle9i Database Certified Configuration running Red Hat Linux and the first Oracle clustering certification on Dell / EMC storage”

– Dell press release, 4/29/2002

Oracle Direct SupportJune 5, 2002

Oracle provides direct support for Red Hat Linux Advanced Server

– First and only operating system that Oracle supports directly

Typical Customer Quotes in the Press “(In the past,) no one could point to a version

of Linux with Enterprise support…. With Oracle supporting it, that is a huge advantage.”

– David Brown, Sr. Emerging Technologies Architect, Vector SCM, eWeek 6/10/2002

The Linux-on-Intel combination should give businesses a lower-cost alternative to running Oracle on Unix systems

– Bernard Havlik, IT director of Menasha Corp., (InformationWeek, 6/10/2002).

Typical Reactions by Analysts Gartner Group

– "None of the other databases Linux supports have the shared, concurrent scaling potential of Oracle9i RAC."

Meta Group– Senior Analyst Mark Shinman said: “…customers

running Oracle9i Database on Red Hat Linux only have to work with one vendor to receive support, such as bug fixes and patches. This is actually giving some validity for Linux in the enterprise."

Giga Information Group– Analyst Stacey Quant said: "The potential price-

performance with Oracle on Red Hat will be much more preferable over (Microsoft)."

Oracle Using Linux Extensively

Oracle plans to deploy all Oracle9iAS used internally on Linux by the end of 2003.

– Larry Ellison, June 2002

Oracle9i RDBMS Background Continuous Performance Innovation

Cost-based optimizer (Oracle7) 64-bit SMP and NUMA support (Oracle7) Static bit-map indexing (Oracle7) Parallel bit-mapped star joins (Oracle8) Materialized Views (Oracle8i) Real Application Clusters (Oracle9i) Dynamic run-time memory allocation

(Oracle9i) OLAP Services (Oracle9i) ETL enablement features (Oracle9i)

Oracle9i RDBMS BackgroundContinuous Management Innovation

Oracle Enterprise Manager (Oracle7) Oracle Parallel Server high availability (Oracle7) Range (Oracle8), Composite Partitioning (Oracle8i) Adaptive Degree of Parallelism (Oracle8i) Resource Manager: CPU (Oracle8i) List Partitioning (Oracle9i) Resource Manager: query governor, automatic

queuing, reprioritization (Oracle9i) Memory allocation at query time (Oracle9i) Row level label security (Oracle9i) Table compression (Oracle9i)

Oracle RDBMS on Linux Architecture

Process based– Background tasks include

database writers, log writer, process monitors

– Foreground tasks include incoming client connections

– Each process gets own memory

8 TB of address space on 64-bit systems

Linux filesystem (ext2) & raw file support

64-bit I/O support– Maximum database file size

64 GB– Maximum database with

16KB blocks is 4 petabytes

SGASGA

File(s)Database Log Files

USERUSER DBWRDBWR SMONSMON PMONPMON RECORECO LGWRLGWR ARCHARCH

Oracle & Red Hat Performance & Scalability Enhancements

I/O Subsystem– Asynchronous I/O in Linux kernel enabling

thousands of simultaneous I/O requests with a single call

– Eliminated multiple copies of memory buffers while writing to disk

– Reduced contention for kernel locks Spin locks for fine-grained locking

Oracle & Red Hat Performance & Scalability Enhancements

Virtual Memory Subsystem– Linux kernel capacity limits increased tenfold on

Intel 32-bit platforms Red Hat Advanced Server 2.1 smp kernel

supports 4 GB RAM; enterprise kernel supports 64 GB RAM

Enables larger SGA up to 62 GB, more data cached

– Configurable process mapped base and Page Table Entries (PTEs) in the highmem and bigpages features

Future 64-bit Linux Support on Itanium 2

Oracle & Red Hat Reliability & Manageability Enhancements

Kernel “breakpoints” identified– Enhancements to I/O, memory management,

networking, process scheduling to improve stability under high loads

Improved tools– Oracle “lsraid” utility for RAID storage

management – Additional Red Hat crash dump analysis and bug

resolution tools– Future Cluster File System from Oracle

Linux Cluster Strategy

Faster Software– Run Database on Clusters of Linux Computers

Faster Computer– More Processors – 2x16 or 8x4– Faster Processors – 4 @ 900 MHz

Linux Operating System– Red Hat Linux Advanced Server

No Single Point of Failure Lowest Cost

Oracle9i Cluster Reliability

No Single Point Of Failure More Reliable

Oracle9iAS Oracle9iAS Oracle9iAS Oracle9iDBOracle9i RAC

ClusteredWeb Caches

ClusteredWeb Servers

ClusteredJ2EE Servers

ClusteredDatabase

Linux Linux Linux Linux

No Single Point of Failure

Real Application Clusters– Exploits clusters for very high availability– Overcomes the limitations of traditional

failover solutions by providing: Concurrent processing Load Balancing Fast time to recovery

No single point of failure– Network, Storage– CPU, OS

Real Application Clusters Manageability

Single system Image – Single Oracle Database – One virtual system to configure and

manage– Single management console

Cluster-wide monitoring and diagnostics

Oracle9i RAC Cost Savings

Groups of low cost computers Lower cost Linux Failover computer isn’t idle System availability 24 hours a day

regardless of human presence

RAC Runs Real Applications

Real Application Clustering is Real– SAP Certification– 600 Customers

Real Application Clustering is Economical– Red Hat Linux– Intel IA32 & IA64

Real Application Clustering is Committed to Linux– Major kernel enhancements to Red Hat Advanced

Server– Cluster File System contributed to Open Source

Database Cluster Types

Shared DiskRuns Real Applications

– Oracle9iDB– IBM DB2 for Mainframes

Shared Nothing and Federated – Limited Use

– IBM DB2 UNIX & Windows– Microsoft SQL Server

DataDataSubsetSubset

DataDataSubsetSubset

DataDataSubsetSubset

DataDataSubsetSubset

AllAllDataData

Real Application Clusters Architecture

ClusteredDatabase Servers

Mirrored Disk Subsystem

High Speed Switch or Interconnect

Hub or Switch Fabric

NetworkCentralized Management Console

Storage Area Network

Low Latency InterconnectVIA or Proprietary

Drive and Exploit Industry Advances in Clustering

Users

No SinglePoint Of Failure

Out-of-the-Box Transparent Application Scalability

In the past clustered databases scaled well for specific types of applications

– Data Warehouse– Parallel-enabled OLTP

Oracle Real Application Clusters with Cache Fusion is a breakthrough in parallel database technology delivering transparent scalability to all types of applications

Oracle9i Cache Fusion Architecture

Full Cache Fusion– Cache-to-cache

data shipping – Shared cache

eliminatesslow I/O

– Enhanced IPC

Allows flexibleand transparent deployment

Users

Shared CacheShared Cache

Cache FusionCache Fusion

Cache Fusion ManagesInter Instance Block Requests

Readers and writers accessing instance A gain access to blocks in instance B’s buffer cache

All types of block contention and access

Coordination by Global Cache Service & Global Enqueue Service

ReadReadReadRead

RequestRequest for Block for BlockCache ACache A

RequestRequest for Block for BlockCache ACache A

ReadReadReadRead

WriteWriteWriteWrite

WriteWriteWriteWrite

Lock StatusLock StatusBlock inBlock inCache BCache B

ReadReadReadRead

ReadReadReadRead

WriteWriteWriteWrite

WriteWriteWriteWrite

Benefits of Cache Fusion

100

0.01

1

20

Blockaccesstime(milli-seconds)

Without Cache Fusion

WithCacheFusion

Block inlocal cache

Block inremote cache

Blockon disk

FAA Command CenterHerndon, Virginia

Operations data re-deployed to 12 Dell PowerEdge rack servers

Oracle9i RAC Red Hat Linux

“Our goal is to try to minimize the different types of operating systems and vendors that we’re dealing with, and the Oracle9i Real Application Clusters Certified Configuration for Dell is allowing us to do that. The environment allows us a lot more flexibility in hardware and increased cost savings.”

John Kelly, Project Manager, KENROB & Associates

Total Cost of Ownership (TCO)

TCO study comparing databases on a single RISC server vs. an Intel-based Linux cluster

– Includes hardware and software license prices (including typical discounts)

– Includes maintenance fees, support staff costs, cost of money

Hardware Pricing

RISC based single server• 16-way Sun E6500• 8 Sun Sbus Fibre Channel Network HBAs• 2 EMC Clarrion FC4500 disk arrays (576 GB

disk)

Intel based with RAC• 8 Dell PowerEdge 1550 2-way Pentium III 1.13

GHz rack servers, 2 GB RAM each• 8 Qlogic Fibre Channel QLA2200f• 2 EMC Clarrion FC4500 disk arrays (576 GB

disk)

Software Pricing

For single Sun server, Oracle9i Enterprise Edition & Veritas

For Dell - Linux cluster, Oracle9i Enterprise Edition with Real Application Clusters option, PolyServe Matrix Server

– See http://www.polyserve.com for more information on PolyServe cluster file system for SANs

Time of Purchase Costs

With RAC, purchase servers as needed, reducing cost of capital

– Quantifiable cost-of capital benefit – Unquantifiable benefit from increased

capital and infrastructure flexibility– Later purchase may benefit from Moore’s

Law

Human Support Costs

Support costs grow as size of cluster grows

Slightly higher rate for RISC system administrators and DBAs

Total Cost of Ownership

$-

$1.0

$2.0

$3.0

$4.0

$5.0

$6.0

$7.0

$8.0

Intel/Linux Matrix RISC

Mil

lio

ns

Linux solution is 22.8% less expensive than RISC solution.

High Availability Benefits?

Real Application Clusters provide a higher level of availability than a single machine

– Hot standby– Rapid failover

Cost of Downtime

Gartner Group estimates downtime costs $89,000/hour

Standby configuration delivers 99.9% uptime

Cluster delivers 99.999% uptime 8.5 hours more downtime with single

machine

Cost of Preventing Downtime

To match availability characteristics, add a standby database server for the RISC solution

Total Cost of Ownership

$-

$2.0

$4.0

$6.0

$8.0

$10.0

$12.0

$14.0

Intel/Linux Matrix RISC

Mill

ions

Linux solution is 53.1% less expensive than RISC solution.

Summary

Oracle recognizes potential of Linux Oracle customers recognize growing

potential of Linux Oracle is forming partnerships to

address support needs of enterprise customers

Oracle R&D is – Leveraging strong UNIX history– Helping to grow the capabilities of Linux

Where to get more Information

http://www.oracle.com– Product Information

http://otn.oracle.com– Software downloads– Technical papers

AQ&Q U E S T I O N SQ U E S T I O N S

A N S W E R SA N S W E R S