Link Budget Calculation

About LINK_STD

Product Management - GPD Motorola Confidential Proprietary Issue 1 October 1997

1. Purpose The purpose of this tool - LINK_STD is to provide a standard link budget with GPD committed key BTS parameters.

The LINK_STD is strictly for internal use. For presentation purpose, the content of the link budget can however be copied to PowerPoint and then released to customers.

2. About this issue (Issue 2 April 1998)

This version covers both 900MHz and 1800MHz. Issue 1 covers only 1800MHz link budget.

3. Worksheets

There are four worksheets included in this version.

Worksheet 1: About LINK_STD Worksheet 2: Link budget - 1800. This is the link budget for GSM1800 without mast head amplifiers Worksheet 3: Link budget -1800 - MHA. This is the link budget for GSM1800 with mast head amplifiers in the circuit Worksheet 3: Link budget - 900. This is the link budget for GSM900 without mast head amplifiers Worksheet 4: Link budget - 900 - MHA. This is the link budget for GSM900 with mast head amplifiers in the circuit Worksheet 5: General use. This link budget is for the purpose of general use. There are more freedoms for users to work. This link budget does not include mast head amplifiers. Worksheet 6: Key parameters. Key parameters, such as CCB loss etc, are provided in this sheet.

4. Parameters

There are four types of parameter: User defined parameters. These parameters are in blue color and can be altered by users based on their individual cases.

GPD committed and GSM specified parameters. These parameters are in black color and locked. They cannot be altered by users. Some sensitive parameters are not only locked but also hidden. In the worksheet 'General Use', all parameters can however be altered by users.

Duplicate. Some parameters are duplicate. For example, feeder loss appears in both uplink and downlink. There is no point to alter the same parameter twice. So the duplicated parameters are in black color and locked.

Results. These parameters are the outcome of the link budget analysis. They are in red color and locked.

5. Cell radius

The LINK_STD does not only analyse the link balance but also predict typical cell radius, cell coverage area and number of sites required for a given area. This information should only be used as reference.

The propagation model used for predicting the cell radius is

Hata model - 900 MHz Hata and COST 231 model - 1800 MHz

recommended in GSM03.30.

For further details and information please contact:

Jun Xiang [email protected] Management phone: +44 1793 565680GPD fax: +44 1793 514215

About LINK_STD






3. Worksheets



4. Parameters





5. Cell radius







About LINK_STD






3. Worksheets



4. Parameters





5. Cell radius







About LINK_STD






3. Worksheets



4. Parameters





5. Cell radius








Linkbudget For Motorola MCell 2 and MCell 6Frequency: 1710MHz - 1880MHzNo mast head amplifier

Downlink (BTS to MS) Uplink (MS to BTS)42.5 dBm 18 MS Tx power 30 dBm 1 W

Combining loss 0 dB 18 MS antenna gain 0 dBi

Duplexer loss 0.8 dB 14.8 Total EIRP 30 dBm 1 WTotal Tx power @ top rack 41.7 dBm 14.8 W

Feeder loss 3 dB 9 BTS antenna gain 18 dBiBTS antenna gain 18 dBi Diversity gain 4 dB

Total EIRP 57.5 dBm 562.3Feeder loss 3 dB

-108.50 dBmMS Rx Sensitivity -100 dBm

MS antenna gain 0 dBi 6 dB

6 dB Interference margin 3 dBAntenna/Body loss 3 dB

Interference margin 3 dB

Antenna/Body loss 3 dB Max. allowed pathloss 145.50 dB

Max. allowed pathloss 145.50 dB

0.00 dB

Designed coverage

Designed pathloss 145.5 dBBase station height 30 m

Mobile height 1.5 m

Coverage/site

14.71 km 680 0.15

1.51 km 7.12 14.04

[1] Max. TCU Tx power 46.3dBm including 0.7 dB cable loss between radio and duplexer/Tx filter[2] Power level after each RF device[3] Sensitivity measured at top of rack[4] Log normal shadowing with 7dB standard deviation[5] COST 231 + Hata Model (1500 - 2000MHz, refer to GSM 03.30) [6] Rural (open area)[7] Metropolitan centres[8] Types of Combiner: CCB, Hybrid combiner[9] Duplexer and Tx filter have the same loss. Duplexer loss in Rx branch is included Rx sensitivity figure

BTS Tx power[1] W[2]

W[2,8]

W[2,9]

W[2]

W[2]

BTS Rx Sensitivity[3]

Fading margin (90% coverage)

Fading margin (90% coverage[4])

Link balance(downlink - uplink)

Cell radius[5] Number of sites/100km2

Rural Environment[6] km2

Urban Environment[7] km2

TC

U

TC

U

COMBINER

DUPLEXER

Tx

Rx

Cab

leA

nten

na

-108

.5dB

m R

x se

nsit

ivit

y


TC

U

TC

U

COMBINER

DUPLEXER

Tx

Rx

Cab

leA

nten

na

-108

.5dB

m R

x se

nsit

ivit

y


Linkbudget For Motorola MCell 2 and MCell 6Frequency: 1710MHz - 1880MHzWith mast head amplifier

Downlink (BTS to MS) Uplink (MS to BTS)45.9 dBm 38.9 MS Tx power 30 dBm 1 W

Combining loss 0 dB 38.9 MS antenna gain 0 dBi

Duplexer loss 0.8 dB 32.4 Total EIRP 30 dBm 1 WTotal Tx power @ top rack 45.1 dBm 32.4 W

Feeder loss 3 dB 19.5 BTS antenna gain 18 dBiBTS antenna gain 18 dBi Diversity gain 4 dB

Total EIRP 60.1 dBm ###Feeder loss 3 dB

MS Rx Sensitivity -100 dBmMS antenna gain 0 dBi MHA gain 12 dB

MHA noise figure 2 dB

dB

kHz

dB

Overall system noise figure 2.73 dBSensitivity @ antenna connector -110.23 dBm

6 dB 6 dBInterference Margin 3 dB Interference margin 3 dBAntenna/Body loss 1 dB Antenna/Body loss 3 dB

Max. allowed pathloss 150.10 dB Max. allowed pathloss 150.23 dB

-0.13 dB

Designed coverage

Designed pathloss 150.1 dBBase station height 30 m

Mobile height 1.5 m

Coverage/site

19.88 km 1241 0.08

2.03 km 13 7.70

[1] Max. TCU Tx power 46.3dBm including 0.7 dB cable loss between radio and duplexer/Tx filter[2] Power level after each RF device[3] Log normal shadowing with 7dB standard deviation[4] COST 231 + Hata Model (1500 - 2000MHz, refer to GSM 03.30) [5] Rural (open area)[6] Metropolitan centres[7] These data are hidden because they are Motorola proprietary data


W[2,8]

W[2,9]

W[2]

W[2]

BTS noise figure[7]

BTS noise bandwidth[7]

BTS Eb/No[7]







TC

U

TC

U

COMBINER

DUPLEXER

Tx

Rx

Cab

leA

nten

na

-110

dBm

Rx

sens

itiv

ity


[8] Types of Combiner: CCB, Hybrid combiner[9] Duplexer and Tx filter have the same loss. Duplexer loss in Rx branch is included Rx sensitivity figure

TC

U

TC

U

COMBINER

DUPLEXER

Tx

Rx

Cab

leA

nten

na

-110

dBm

Rx

sens

itiv

ity


TC

U

TC

U

COMBINER

DUPLEXER

Tx

Rx

Cab

leA

nten

na

-110

dBm

Rx

sens

itiv

ity


TC

U

TC

U

COMBINER

DUPLEXER

Tx

Rx

Cab

leA

nten

na

-110

dBm

Rx

sens

itiv

ity

Linkbudget For Motorola MCell 2 and MCell 6Frequency: 880MHz - 960MHzNo mast head amplifier

Downlink (BTS to MS) Uplink (MS to BTS)28 dBm 0.6 MS Tx power 33 dBm


Duplexer or Tx filter loss 1 dB 0.3 Total EIRP 33 dBmTotal Tx power @ top rack 24 dBm 0.3 W

Feeder loss 3 dB 0.2 BTS antenna gain 5 dBiBTS antenna gain 5 dBi Diversity gain -1 dB

Total EIRP 26 dBm 0.4Feeder loss 3 dB

MS Rx Sensitivity -102 dBm -107.00 dBmMS antenna gain 7 dBi

6 dB

6 dBInterference margin 0 dB

Interference margin 0 dB Antenna/Body loss 3 dBAntenna/Body loss 3 dB



-6.00 dB

Designed coverage

Designed pathloss 126 dBBase station height 15 m

Mobile height 1.5 m

Coverage/site

4.39 km 60.6 1.65

0.75 km 1.78 56.26

[1] Max. TCU Tx power: 47.35 dBm[2] Power level after each RF device[3] Sensitivity measured at top of rack[4] Log normal shadowing with 7dB standard deviation[5] Hata Model (150 - 1000MHz, refer to GSM 03.30) [6] Rural (open area)[7] Metropolitan centres[8] Types of Combiner: CCB, CBF, 3 Input CBF, TBPF[9] Duplexer loss in Rx branch is included Rx sensitivity figure


W[2,8]

W[2,9]

W[2]

W[2]

BTS Rx Sensitivity[3]







TC

U

TC

U

COMBINER

DUPLEXER

Tx

Rx

Cab

leA

nten

na

-107

dBm

Rx

sens

itiv

ity

TC

U

TC

U

COMBINER

DUPLEXER

Tx

Rx

Cab

leA

nten

na

-107

dBm

Rx

sens

itiv

ity

2 W

2 W

TC

U

TC

U

COMBINER

DUPLEXER

Tx

Rx

Cab

leA

nten

na

-107

dBm

Rx

sens

itiv

ity

TC

U

TC

U

COMBINER

DUPLEXER

Tx

Rx

Cab

leA

nten

na

-107

dBm

Rx

sens

itiv

ity

Linkbudget For Motorola MCell 2 and MCell 6Frequency: 880MHz - 960MHzWith mast head amplifier

Downlink (BTS to MS) Uplink (MS to BTS)46 dBm 39.8 MS Tx power 33 dBm


Duplexer loss 0 dB 39.8 Total EIRP 33 dBmTotal Tx power @ top rack 46 dBm 39.8 W

Feeder loss 3 dB 20.0 BTS antenna gain 18 dBiBTS antenna gain 18 dBi Diversity gain 4 dB

Total EIRP 61 dBm ###Feeder loss 3 dB

MS Rx Sensitivity -102 dBmMS antenna gain 0 dBi MHA gain 12 dB

MHA noise figure 2 dB

dB

kHz

dB

Overall system noise figure 3.06 dBSensitivity @ antenna connector -109.90 dBm

6 dB 6 dBInterference Margin 3 dB Interference margin 3 dBAntenna/Body loss 3 dB Antenna/Body loss 3 dB

Max. allowed pathloss 151.00 dB Max. allowed pathloss 152.90 dB

-1.90 dB

Designed coverage


Mobile height 1.5 m

Coverage/site

21.08 km 1395 0.07

2.16 km 14.6 6.84

TCU Tx power[1] W[2]

W[2,8]

W[2,9]

W[2]

W[2]

BTS noise figure[7]

BTS noise bandwidth[7]

BTS Eb/No[7]







TC

U

TC

U

COMBINER

DUPLEXER

Tx

Rx

Cab

leA

nten

na

[1] Max. TCU Tx power: 47.35 dBm[2] Power level after each RF device[3] Log normal shadowing with 7dB standard deviation[4] Hata Model (150 - 1000MHz, refer to GSM 03.30) [5] Rural (open area)[6] Metropolitan centres[7] These data are hidden because they are Motorola proprietary data [8] Types of Combiner: CCB, CBF, 3 Input CBF, TBPF[9] Duplexer loss in Rx branch is included Rx sensitivity figure

TC

U

TC

U

COMBINER

DUPLEXER

Tx

Rx

Cab

leA

nten

na

2 W

2 W

TC

U

TC

U

COMBINER

DUPLEXER

Tx

Rx

Cab

leA

nten

na

TC

U

TC

U

COMBINER

DUPLEXER

Tx

RxC

able

Ant

enna

Product Management - GPD Motorola Internal Use Issue 1 October 1997

Linkbudget For General PurposeNo mast head amplifier

Downlink (BTS to MS) Uplink (MS to BTS)BTS Tx power 29 dBm 0.8 W MS Tx power 33 dBm 2 W

Combining loss 3 dB 0.4 W MS antenna gain 0 dBiDuplexer loss 1 dB 0.3 W Total EIRP 33 dBm 2 W

Total Tx power @ top rack 25 dBm 0.3 WFeeder loss 3 dB 0.2 W BTS antenna gain 5 dBi

BTS antenna gain 5 dBi Feeder loss 3 dBTotal EIRP 27 dBm 0.5 W

Diversity gain 0 dBBTS Rx Sensitivity -87.0 dBm

MS Rx Sensitivity -95 dBmMS antenna gain 0 dBi Fading margin 0 dB

Interference margin 0 dBFading margin 0 dB Antenna/body loss 3 dB

Interference margin 0 dB

Antenna/body loss 3 dB Max. allowed pathloss 119.00 dB


0.00 dB

Designed coverage


Mobile height 1.5 m

1800MHz Coverage/site

1.62 km 8.246 12.13

0.20 km 0.125 798.52

900MHz Coverage/site

2.39 km 17.87 5.60

0.43 km 0.582 171.69

[1] COST 231 + Hata Model (1500 - 2000MHz, refer to GSM 03.30) [2] Rural (open area)[3] Metropolitan centres[4] Hata Model (150 - 1000 MHz, refer to GSM 03.30)








Key parameters

Page 20

900MHzComponents Losses

Duplxer 1 dBCCB 3 dB Worst caseCBF 4 dB3 Input CBF 7.5 dBTBPF 1 dB Twin Band Pass Filter can be used to replace combining.

Max TCU Tx power 47.35 dBm This will lead to 20 W Tx power at top rack with one stage combining and a duplexer

1800MHzComponents Losses

Duplexer 0.8 dBCCB 4.5 dB Worst caseHybrid combiner 3.2 dBTx filter 0.8 dB Tx filter can be used to replace the duplexer to further improve Rx sensitivity

Max TCU Tx power 47 dBm This will lead to >32 W Tx power at top rack with a duplexer

Key parameters

Page 21

This will lead to 20 W Tx power at top rack with one stage combining and a duplexer

Tx filter can be used to replace the duplexer to further improve Rx sensitivity

Documents

Link Budget Calculation