Linguistic Competence and Performance Group5 (1)

8/3/2019 Linguistic Competence and Performance Group5 (1)

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Linguistic competence

and performanceBy

Class 0207


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What are linguistic

competence andperformance?


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According to Chomsky,competence is the idealspeaker/hearer, i.e. anidealized but not a realperson who would have acomplete knowledge oflanguage. This means apersons ability to createand understand sentences,including sentences they havenever heard before.

Performance is the actualuse of the language byindividuals in speech andwriting.


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Five minutes later


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Speakers linguistic knowledgepermits them to form longer

and longer sentences by joiningsentences and phases togetheror adding modifiers to a noun.

whether you stop at three,five or eighteen adjectives, itis impossible to limit thenumber you could add ifdesired. Very long sentencesare theoretically possible, butthey are highly improbable.

Evidently, there is adifference between having

the knowledge necessary toproduce sentences of alanguage, and applying this

knowledge. It is a differencebetween what you know,which is your linguisticcompetence, and how you usethis knowledge in actualspeech production andcomprehension, which is your

linguistic performance.


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When we speak, we usually wish toconvey some message. At some stage inthe act of producing speech, we mustorganize our thoughts into strings ofwords. Sometimes the message is garbled.

We may stammer, or pause, or produceslips of the tongue. We may even soundlike the baby, who illustrates the

difference between linguistic knowledgeand the way we use that knowledge inperformance.


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The apple

lookslovelyIt must bedeliciousI want to

eat it

Applewant!!


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Gleitman

Professor ofPsychology.He

once recorded atalk between aseven year old

girl and hermother.


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Act 2

Mother---------- Huang Liyin

Little girl----Cheng FenxiangProfessor----------Li Ping


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Linguistic competence of native language

One can recognizewhether the wordbelongs to his native

language.e.g. Slip

slib

sbill

*

*


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He also can knowthe morphology,

such as prefix, suffix.e.g. Re-cuddle

nonderiveable

en-rich-en*


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He can distinguish sentenceand non-sentences.

e.g. The accident was seen bythousands.

The accident was lookedby thousands.*


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He can distinguish somesentences which have the samestructure but the differentmeanings.

e.g. The cow was found by thestream.

The cow was found by thefarmer.


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He can know somesentences with differentstructure, but related

meanings.

e.g. The police examined thebullet.

The bullet was examinedby the police.


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The dispute about the derivation oflinguistic competence

Produced by the influence of theenvironment.

Produced by both influence of theenvironment and human inherent

ability.

It is the human inherent ability.


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The end^_^

Documents

Linguistic Competence and Performance Group5 (1)