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L’Impressionisme
19e siècle
• Impressionism was a 19th century art movement that began as a loose association of Paris-based artists, who began exhibiting their art publicly in the 1860’s. The name of the movement is derived from the title of a Claude Monet painting, called Impression, Sunrise
Impressionist artists felt the new technology of Photography was ruining the art of painting. They felt the need to create a new style of painting in which accurate rendering of the subject was not the main focus.
The Impressionists changed the approach to painting by recreating the sensation in
the eye that views the subject, rather than
recreating the subject.
Characteristics of Characteristics of ImpressionistImpressionist painting include:painting include:
• Visible brushstrokesVisible brushstrokes
• Light ColorsLight Colors
• Emphasis on Light and the changing Emphasis on Light and the changing qualities of itqualities of it
• Ordinary Subject MatterOrdinary Subject Matter
• Unusual Visual AnglesUnusual Visual Angles
• Open CompositionsOpen Compositions
Visible BrushstrokesVisible Brushstrokes
The Changing Qualities of LightThe Changing Qualities of Light
Haystack - Morning
Haystack - Mist
EEmmpphhaassiiss oonn LLiigghhtt
LightLight ColorsColors
Unusual Visual AnglesUnusual Visual Angles
OOppeenn CCoommppoossiittiioonnss
Ordinary Subject MatterOrdinary Subject Matter
Techniques of Impressionists•Short, thick strokes of paint.•Colours are applied side-by-side with as little mixing as possible, creating a vibrant surface. •The optical mixing of colours occurs in the eye of the viewer. •Grays and dark tones are produced by mixing complementary colors. In pure Impressionism the use of black paint is avoided. •Wet paint is placed into wet paint without waiting for successive applications to dry, producing softer edges and an intermingling of colour. •Painting in the evening to get effets de soir - the shadowy effects of the light in the evening or twilight. •The surface of an Impressionist painting is typically opaque. •The play of natural light is emphasized. •In paintings made en plein air (outdoors), shadows are boldly painted with the blue of the sky as it is reflected onto surfaces, giving a sense of freshness and openness that was not captured in painting previously.
Short, thick brushstrokes
Masters of ImpressionismMasters of Impressionism• Claude MonetClaude Monet – Lily ponds & Gardens – Lily ponds & Gardens
• Auguste RenoirAuguste Renoir – People Outdoors – People Outdoors
• Edgar DegasEdgar Degas – Dancers and Theater – Dancers and Theater
• Camille PissarroCamille Pissarro – Cities and Streets – Cities and Streets
• Alfred SisleyAlfred Sisley – Rivers and Landscapes – Rivers and Landscapes
• Mary Cassatt- Mary Cassatt- Mothers and ChildrenMothers and Children
Monet painted…
Water lilies…
hut-shaped haystacks…
Rouen Cathedral
The Boating Party -
Renoir painted….
People Outdoors
Paintings by Paintings by Auguste Renoir
Edgar Degas
• Considered the master of drawing the human figure in motion
• Known for paintings of ballerinas
• Drew scenes of horse races and race tracks
Degas is famous for…
Dancers
Horses
Cotton Exchange at New Orleans
Mary Cassatt
Mary Cassatt was an impressionist.
• She was an American.
• She painted mothers and children.
• She had no children of her own.
• She was friends with Degas, who also is an impressionist.
Mary Cassatt painted…
Children on the Beach
naturalistic poses…
mothers and children…
Paintings by Camille Pissarro
Self Portrait
Boulevarde Montmartre – Rainy Afternoon - 1897
Paintings By Alfred Sisley
Bridge At Villanueve - 1872
The Boating Party
Dance at Bougival
Dancers in the Old Opera House. 1877
Jeunes Filles au Piano
Little Girl With a Watering Can
The Dancing Class
Race Horses
Etoile
Dancers in Blue
Water Lillies
Sunrise
Wheat Stacks - Winter
Wheat Stacks – End of Summer
Water Garden at Giverny
The Japanese Footbridge, 1899
Vincent Van Gogh
Starry Night
Paul Gaugin
When Will You Marry?
La Desserte Rouge
Henri Matisse
Moulin Rouge
At the Moulin Rouge
In the Salon of the Rue de Moulins