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Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
1
Liderazgo en la Mujer
por Ileana Cintrón
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
2
Megatrends 2000
•Publicado en el 1990
•#1 en la lista de los más vendidos en esa década
•Describe las fuerzas motivadoras de cambio para el siglo 21
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
3 Megatendencia #9
2/3 de los nuevos puestos creados en el área de la informática están ocupados por mujeres
Más mujeres empresarias
Las mujeres están más educadas que antes.
La mujer en puestos de liderazgo
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
4
Dramático aumento en las mujeres
graduadas de medicina y derecho
Prominencia sin precedentes en la política
(senadoras, ministras, alcaldesas,
gobernadoras presidentas)
Megatendencia #9
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
5
“If women´s communication style was
too feminine, they were referred to as soft;
if they adopted a masculine approach, they
were considered abrasive.”
(Fierman, 1990)
Antiguo paradigma
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
6 Características
Inteligencia y educación
Carisma
Destrezas de comunicación efectivas
Destrezas gerenciales y de motivación
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
7 Características
Persistencia y Compromiso
Estándares éticos
Actitud mental positiva
(Demorest & Grady, 2002)
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
8
Capacidad para reconocer nuestros sentimientos y los ajenos, de motivarnos y manejar bien las emociones, en nosotr@s mismos y en nuestras relaciones
Inteligencia Emocional
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
9
Inteligencia Emocional
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
10
Inteligencia Emocional
“Once derided for bringing emotions to decision making, women´s values, with their attention to caring, supportive leadership and the use of intuition, are encouraged by Goleman´s research findings which emphasize the necessity for successful leaders to possess emotional intelligence. EI enhances thinking and decision making.” (Goleman, 1995)
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
11
Inteligencia Emocional
“Sosik (2001) found that self-awareness, a key aspect of emotional intelligence, predicted charismatic leadership and managerial performance.”
“Results showed that female leaders scored higher on social and emotional skills.” (Groves, 2005)
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
12 Presidentas 2008
Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
Argentina (2007- )
Michelle Bachelet
Chile (2006- )
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
13 Presidentas 2008
Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo
Filipinas (2001- )
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
14 Presidentas 2008
Tarja Halonen
Finlandia (2000- )
Prathibha Patil
India (2007- )
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
15 Presidentas 2008
Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf
Liberia (2006- )
Mary McAleese
Irlanda (1997- )
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
16
Primeras Ministras
que sentaron pautas
Golda Meir
Primera Mujer Ministra de Israel
“Out of her strength, she helped create a nation; out of her spirit, she helped mold a people. If Israel had a voice in the world, it was the voice of Golda.”
(Nardo, 1999)
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
17
Primeras Ministras
que sentaron pautas
Margaret Thatcher
•“United Kingdom’s first woman prime minister: Iron Lady
Sus cualidades:
•“Her image as a strong and moral person who refused to waver in her beliefs”
•“Her innate ability to sense what the people wanted from her as a leader”
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
18
Primeras Ministras
que sentaron pautas
Benazir Bhutto
“At 16, Benazir began studies at Radcliffe. This made her as determined as her father to improve the status of female Pakistanis.
First woman to lead a Muslim nation, Pakistan, at age 35; she restored democracy in her country.”
Primera Ministra en 1988-1990 y en 1993-1996
Asesinada el 27 de diciembre del 2007
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
19
Primeras Ministras
2008
Angela Merkel
Alemania
#1
Michele Pierre-Lewis
Haití
Helen Clark
Nueva Zelandia
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
20
Primeras Ministras
2008
Zinaida Greceanii
Moldova
Luisa Dias Diogo
Mozambique
Yulia Tymoshenko
Ukrania
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
21 Reinas en Monarquías
Margrethe II
Dinamarca
Beatrix
Holanda
Isabel II
Reino Unido
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
22 CEOs en Informática
Carly Fiorina
Hewlett-Packard
CEO del 1999 al 2005
#1 Most Powerful Woman in Business (Forbes, 1998)
2000 Chairman of the Board
“Her work as a receptionist at Marcus&Millichap helped her learn how to navigate the business world.”
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
23 CEOs en Informática
Meg Whitman
eBay
CEO del 1998 al 2008
“She successfully navigated eBay through the dot-com boom and on to near cult-like popularity: eBay economy.”
“It’s time for eBay to have a new leadership team, a new perspective, and a new vision.”
PayPal, StubHub, Skype
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
24 CEOs en Informática
Anne M. Mulcahy
Xerox Corporation
CEO desde el 2001
#6 Most Powerful Women in America in 2005 (The Wall Street Journal)
“First woman CEO in the company’s history.”
“She attempted to boost morale and help the rest of the organization see how hard she worked, hoping for a mirror effect.”
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
25 CEOs en Industria
Indra Nooyi
PepsiCo
Educada en la India y en Yale
CFO en 2001; CEO desde el 2006
“According to Business Week, since she became CFO, the company´s annual revenues have risen 72% and profit doubled.”
One of Time´s 100 Most Influential People in the World in 2007 and 2008.
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
26 Líder en Finanzas
Sheila C. Bair
FDIC Chairman
desde el 2006
Catedrática en UMass
Puestos ejecutivos en el Departamento del Tesoro y en el NY Stock Exchange
“One of the most influential people in investing” (Smart Money magazine, The Wall Street Journal)
#2 Most Powerful Women in the World in 2008 (Forbes)
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
27 Líder en la Academia
Drew Gilpin Faust (desde el 2006)
“I’m not the first woman president of Harvard. I’m the PRESIDENT of Harvard.”
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
28
Liderazgo
en la Política
Hon. Zaida Hernández Torres
Primera Presidenta de la Cámara de Representantes en Puerto Rico
1993-1996
Nancy Pelosi
Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives since 2007
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
29
Liderazgo
en la Casa Blanca
Condoleezza Rice
National Security Advisor 2001-2005
Secretary of State since 2005
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
30
¿Poder detrás de la
silla presidencial?
Hillary R. Clinton
Michelle Obama
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
31
¿Cuál de las dos
llegará a ser
Presidenta de USA?
Hillary R. Clinton
Sarah Palin
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
32 El fenómeno Palin
“The rationale of charisma explains why we choose the leaders we do. We tend to follow or be influenced by those with perceived similar-ities.
We hope that our leaders are smarter, more competent, visionary, and articulate. We want them to be like us, but better than us, too.”
(Smith, 2007)
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
33
Liderazgo en la
Bibliotecología
“For librarians, pressed by fast-changing technology… it has become more crucial than ever to move to new leadership paradigms that will result in libraries remaining powerful social forces throughout the twenty-first century.”
(Turock, 2001)
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
34
Liderazgo en la
Bibliotecología
“Ours is a profession in which women have constituted a near constant figure of 85%.”
“…a profession numerically dominated by women, but until recent history led almost exclusively by men.”
(Turock, 2001)
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
35
Liderazgo en la
Bibliotecología
Martha Kyrillidou
Director of Statistics and Service Quality Programs
Association of Research Libraries
•“Responsible for identifying tools for measuring the organizational performance and effectiveness of libraries”
•“Co-principal investi- gator of the grant- funded project LibQUAL+”
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
36
Director@s de Bibliotecas
en el Sistema UPR
Dra. Snejanka Penkova (UPR-RP) Dr. José A. Mari-Mutt (RUM)
Dra. Irma Quiñones (RCM) Prof. Félix Báez (Humacao)
Prof. Sonia Dávila (Cayey) Prof. Víctor Maldonado (Arecibo)
Prof. Candelaria Gómez (Aguadilla) Prof. Stanley Portela (Carolina)
Prof. María de los A. Zavala (Bayamón) Prof. Saulo Cotto (Ponce)
Prof. Regina Oquendo (Utuado) Dr. José Flores (Arquitectura)
Prof. Liz Pagán (Est. Exp. Agrícola)
Lcda. María M. Otero (Derecho)
Prof. Rey Eloise Smith (Adm. Central)
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
37
Implicaciones en
la Bibliotecología
1. “All libraries must assume responsibility for the development of policies as well as values and structures that encourage a climate conducive to helping women realize their full leadership potential.
2. Libraries need to initiate policies that distribute rewards for incorporating equity.
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
38
Implicaciones en
la Bibliotecología
3. Libraries can create educational experiences focusing on how to empower more workers as leaders by providing them with access to resources.
4. Find out about the Emerging Leaders Institute created by the American Library Association.”
(Turock, 2001)
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
39
The DNA of
Women Leaders
UK and US women leaders share similarly
strong traits.
Women leaders are highly persuasive.
Women leaders feel the sting of rejection,
but rapidly learn from adversity and
develop an “I´ll show you attitude”.
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
40
The DNA of
Women Leaders
Women leaders have an inclusive
team oriented style of problem solving
and decision making.
Women leaders are more likely to
ignore rules and take risks.
(Library Collections & Acquisitions Blog)
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
41 Liderazgo Carismático
“The finding that women´s exceptional social and emotional competencies facilitate charismatic leadership behaviors has important implications for the advancement of women in leadership roles.”
(Groves, 2005)
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
42 Conclusión
El liderazgo en la mujer
dependerá de cómo
combine las cualidades
necesarias con sus
características personales.
Tener carisma es
primordial, pero...
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
43 Para reflexionar
“A charismatic leader with strong commu-nication skills, but lacking education or ethics, may be initially effective but ultimately destructive. For better or worse, the person empowered to lead wields a mighty sword that can carry an organization to victory or leave it permanently severed.”
(Demorest & Grady, 2002)
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
44
Referencias
Demorest, L. & Grady, D. (2002, marzo-abril). In Search of a Leader. Women in Business 54(2),
11, 25. Recuperado el 24 de septiembre de 2008 de la base de datos WilsonWeb.
Fierman, J. (1990, July) Why Women Still Don’t Hit
the Top. Fortune, 46. Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional Intelligence. Bantam
Books.
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
45
Referencias
Groves, K. (2005, Spring). Gender Differences in Social and Emotional Skills and Charismatic Leadership. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 11(3), 30-46. Recuperado el 28 de septiembre de la base de datos Business Source Complete.
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
46 Referencias
Naisbitt, J. & Aburdene, P. (1990). Megatrends 2000. New York: Avon Books.
Nardo, D. (1999). Women Leaders of Nations. San Diego, CA: Lucent Books.
Smith, A. (2007, junio). Charisma. Leadership Excellence, 24 (6), 19. Recuperado el 28 de
septiembre de 2008 de la base de datos Business Source Complete.
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
47 Referencias
Turock, B. (2001). Women and Leader-
ship. En Mark D. Winston (ed.), Leader- ship in the Library and Information Science Professions (pp. 111-132). The Haworth Press, Inc.
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
48 Referencias
The 100 Most Powerful Women. Recuperado el 28 de septiembre de 2008, de
http://www.forbes.com/lists/-2007/11/biz- 07women_The-100-Most-Powerful- Women_Rank_print.html
USA Gets Most Female Governors Ever. Recupe- rado el 28 de septiembre de 2008, de http://www.usatoday.com/news/vote2000/ gov.htm
Liderazgo
en la
Mujer
49 Blogs & Webpages
http://libcollections.blogspot.com/2005/04/-
brief-on-characteristics-of-women.html
http://news.cnet.com
www.britannica.com/blogs/2007/12/the-
double-bind-dilemma-for-women-leaders/
www.guide2womenleaders.com
