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Kamiel Spoelstra
Gemeente Amsterdam, 21 januari 2019
Licht en vleermuizenOver de effecten van nachtelijk licht op vleermuizen, en hoe deze afhangen van het spectrum
NASA Earth Observatory images by Joshua Stevens
83% World99% US and EU
Falchi et al 2016 Sci. Adv.
~2% increase/yearKyba et al. 2017 Sci. Adv.
Glare
Sky glow
physiology
behaviour
life-history traits
fitness
light at night
population of focal species
environment
Stone et al. 2012 GC Biol.
?South Limburg,The Netherlands
Prevent light:
• Lower intensity• Shield and direct• Time restrict light
Change light: Adapt the spectrum
LoNNe COST action
Azam et al. 2016 GC Biol.
Prevent light:
• Lower intensity• Shield and direct• Time restrict light
Change light: Adapt the spectrum
Spoelstra et al. 2015 Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B
8 replicates
2011, 2012 - nu
Jip Ramakers Ilse ScholtenSalome van ‘t Riet
not abundant2.4 rec/night/site
Abundant>600 rec/night/site
Common~70 rec/night/site
dark white green red
tota
l passes*t
ransect-1
(e
st. ±
1 s
.e.m
.)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
AA B B
Spoelstra et al. 2017 Proc. B
dark white green red
tota
l passes*t
ransect-1
(e
st. ±
1 s
.e.m
.)
0.0
5.0e+3
1.0e+4
1.5e+4
2.0e+4
2.5e+4
3.0e+4
ACA B BC
dark white green red
tota
l passes*t
ransect-1
(est. ±
1 s
.e.m
.)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
AA A A Pipistrellus sp. (with lights off)
dark white green red
tota
l passes*t
ransect-1
(est. ±
1S
EM
)
0
100
200
300 AA A A
Donners et al. 2018 J. Ecol. Int. Phys. Stone et al. 2015 Phil. Trans. R. Soc.
Pipistrellus sp. (during insect sampling)
dark white green red
tota
l passes*t
ransect-1
(est. ±
1S
EM
)
0
5e+2
1e+3
2e+3
2e+3
BA A A
Insects
dark white green red
log
are
a (
mm
2)
(est. ±
1S
EM
)
0
1
2
3
4
CA B B
Pipistrellus sp.
dark white green red
tota
l p
asse
s*t
ran
se
ct-1
(e
st. ±
1S
EM
)
0
5e+3
1e+4
2e+4
2e+4
3e+4
3e+4
ACA B BC
Spoelstra et al. 2017 Proc. B
Kim Ferguson
Zeale et al. 2018 GC Biol.
Zeale et al. 2018 GC Biol.
keuze tussenlichtkleuren?
Jip Ramakers
foraging area
roosts
Google Maps (2018)
Natalie van Dis
Jan-Martijnvan der Stouwe
night 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
…
2 Jul 15 Jul 1 Aug 15 Aug
Passin
g b
ats
* n
igh
t-1
0
25
50
75
100
125 Culvert West
Culvert East night 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
…
2 Jul 15 Jul 1 Aug 15 Aug
Passin
g b
ats
* n
igh
t-1
0
25
50
75
100
125 Culvert West
Culvert East
Kuijper et al. 2005 Lutra
Passing batslight treatment
dark white green red
Passin
g b
ats
* n
ight-1
(avera
ge ±
1 s
.e.m
.)
0
20
40
60
Passing batsper culvert over time
2 Jul 15 Jul 1 Aug 15 Aug
Passin
g b
ats
* n
ight-1
0
25
50
75
100
125Culvert West
Culvert East
Spoelstra et al. 2018 J. Exp. Zool. A
Downs et al. 2003
Laidlaw & Fenton 1971
Boldogh et al. 2007
Martijn Broekman
Gerrit Tuinstra
Hutterer et al. 2005
Light intensity?
Light Intensity
Activity
0.0
1.0
Hale et al. 2015 – GC Biol.
mm
m
m
m
m
Lighton
Landscape
The CHIROLUM project
Kévin Barré Clémentine Azam
*
(avoid green except for migrating birds above a dark sea)
• Use warm white light (3000 K or less)• Limit light intensity• Use well-directed, downward light
Avoiding and minimizing light remains very important
white
red
green
*( )
Roy van Grunsven
Maurice Donners
Elmar Veenendaal
Marcel E. Visser
Frank Berendse
www.lichtopnatuur.org
