UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education

Advanced Subsidiary Level and Advanced Level

BIOLOGY 9700/01

Paper 1 Multiple Choice

May/June 2006

1 hour

Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet Soft clean eraser Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write in soft pencil. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Write your name, Centre number and candidate number on the Answer Sheet in the spaces provided unless this has been done for you. There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate Answer Sheet. Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully. Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer. Any rough working should be done in this booklet.

This document consists of 16 printed pages.

IB06 06_9700_01/3RP

UCLES 2006

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1 What is the resolution, in nanometres, of an electron microscope and of a light microscope?

electron

microscope light

microscope

A 0.5 20

B 0.5 200

C 5.0 20

D 5.0 200

2 The diagram shows a drawing of an electron micrograph of a cell.

nucleus

cytoplasm

Golgi apparatus

lysosome

mitochondrion

Which structures are surrounded by double membranes?

Golgi

apparatus lysosome mitochondrion nucleus cytoplasm

A � � � � �

B � � � � �

C � � � � �

D � � � � �

3 In which animal cells would Golgi apparatus be most abundant?

A ciliated epithelial cells

B goblet cells

C red blood cells

D smooth muscle cells

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4 Which adaptation would increase the efficiency of active transport of carbohydrates from a plant cell?

A areas where the cell wall is thin

B increased permeability of the cell wall

C large surface area of the cell surface membrane

D selective permeability of the vacuole membrane 5 Which is a feature of all prokaryotic cells?

A absence of cell surface membrane

B division by mitosis

C presence of mitochondria

D presence of ribosomes 6 The diagram shows a cell surface membrane. The lipid bilayer has an approximate width of

8 nm.

How many times has the diagram been magnified?

A 2.5 × 102 B 2.5 × 104 C 2.5 × 106 D 2.5 × 108 7 Which type of reaction takes place when starch molecules are converted into reducing sugars?

A condensation

B hydrolysis

C polymerisation

D synthesis

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8 A solution of starch is mixed with a solution of amylase.

Which reagent should be used to confirm that a reaction had taken place and what would be the appearance of the mixture when the reaction was complete?

reagent the appearance of

the mixture

A Benedict’s solution brick-red

B biuret solution blue

C ethanol cloudy

D iodine in potassium iodide solution blue-black

9 The diagrams show different types of bond found in polysaccharides.

O O O

O

O

O

1

O

O

O

2

3

Which type or types of bond are found in amylose?

A 1 only

B 2 only

C 1 and 3 only

D 2 and 3 only 10 At which levels of protein structure do hydrophobic interactions occur?

A primary, secondary and tertiary

B primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary

C tertiary and quaternary

D quaternary only

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11 The diagram shows a dipeptide.

Which bond is the peptide bond?

N C C N C

R1 O

O

R2

HH H H

C

H

OH

A B C D

12 The movement of water through the vascular tissue in plants relies on which property of water?

A changes in density with temperature

B good solvent for ions and polar molecules

C high specific heat capacity

D strong cohesive forces between molecules

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13 Two enzyme experiments were carried out. The first, experiment X, was carried out at a constant temperature of 37 oC. During the second experiment the temperature was increased from 37 oC to 80 oC.

Which graph shows the results?

A B

C D

time time

time time

product

concentration

product

concentration

product

concentration

product

concentration

X

X X

X

14 Which properties are characteristic of a non-competitive inhibitor of an enzyme?

binding effect of adding more substrate

A at active site reduces inhibition

B at active site does not reduce inhibition

C not at active site reduces inhibition

D not at active site does not reduce inhibition

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15 Which statement defines active transport?

A movement of large molecules through the cell surface membrane into the cytoplasm of a cell

B movement of molecules or ions from where they are in a low concentration to where they are in a higher concentration

C movement of molecules or ions from where they are in a high concentration to where they are in a lower concentration

D net movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher water potential to one of lower water potential

16 Which pair of factors is inversely proportional to the rate of diffusion?

A concentration gradient and size of diffusing molecule

B distance over which diffusion occurs and surface area over which diffusion occurs

C size of diffusing molecule and distance over which diffusion occurs

D surface area over which diffusion occurs and concentration gradient 17 When cylinders of potato tissue were immersed in a 0.35 mol dm–3 sucrose solution, they showed

no change in mass.

What will happen when cylinders are immersed in a 0.1 mol dm–3 sucrose solution?

A The pressure potential of the cells will become more positive.

B The solute potential of the cell will become more negative.

C The water potential of the cells will become more negative.

D The water potential of the solution will become less negative. 18 Which cell activity must occur before prophase of mitosis can begin?

A breakdown of the nuclear envelope

B increased production of mRNA

C migration of centrioles to opposite poles

D replication of DNA

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19 What are the conditions in a human cell just before the cell enters prophase?

number of chromatids

number of molecules of DNA in nucleus

spindle present nuclear envelope

present

A 46 46 yes no

B 92 46 no yes

C 46 92 yes yes

D 92 92 no yes

20 The diagram shows the mitotic cell cycle.

When radioactive nucleotides are supplied to dividing cells, at which point will they be incorporated into the chromosomes?

interphase

mitosis

BC

D

A

21 The diagram shows part of a DNA molecule.

Which part is a nucleotide?

D

A

C

B

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22 Bacteria were grown for many generations in a medium containing a heavy isotope of nitrogen, 15N. They were then transferred to a medium containing the light isotope of nitrogen, 14N. They were given time to replicate DNA and divide once. Their DNA was extracted, spun in a centrifuge and observed using ultra violet light. The DNA with the 15N settled at a lower depth than the DNA with the 14N.

Which shows the predicted results after one generation in the medium with the light isotope?

A B C D

DNA

with 14NDNA

with 14N

DNA

with 15N

DNA

with 15N

DNA with14N and 15N

23 In a genetic engineering experiment a piece of double-stranded DNA containing 6000 nucleotides

is transcribed and translated.

What is the total number of amino acids used?

A 500 B 1000 C 2000 D 3000 24 DNA from a chromosome is analysed and 20 % of its bases are found to be cytosine.

Which percentage of uracil molecules will be found in mRNA transcribed from this DNA?

A 20 B 30 C 40 D 60

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25 The graph shows the relationship between the loss of water vapour through stomata and an environmental factor.

environmental factor

loss of

water

vapour

What is the environmental factor?

A air temperature

B atmospheric humidity

C light intensity

D wind velocity 26 The diagram shows a longitudinal section through transport tissue in a plant stem.

X

What are the names of the structure labelled X and the tissue in which it is found?

structure X tissue

A sieve tube phloem

B sieve tube xylem

C vessel phloem

D vessel xylem

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27 What is responsible for the movement of water up xylem vessels in plants?

A active loading of water against the water potential gradient in the roots and osmosis in the vessels

B increasing water potential at the top of xylem vessels, and osmosis in the roots

C decreasing water potential at the top of the xylem vessels, with cohesion of water in the vessels

D translocation in the leaves, with capillarity in the xylem vessels 28 What does tissue fluid contain?

phagocytes platelets protein concentration

compared to blood plasma

A � � higher

B � � higher

C � � lower

D � � lower

29 The diagram shows the Bohr Effect.

100

80

60

40

20

02 4 6 8 10

X

Y

O2 saturation ofhaemoglobin / %

partial pressure O2 / kPa

What causes the shift from X to Y?

A decreased levels of carbon dioxide and high pH

B decreased levels of carbon dioxide and low pH

C increased levels of carbon dioxide and high pH

D increased levels of carbon dioxide and low pH

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30 The diagram shows pressure changes in the left side of the heart and aorta over time. The length of this cardiac cycle is 0.6 s. Points 1, 2, 3 and 4 indicate when atrio-ventricular valves and semi-lunar valves either open or close.

0.60.50.40.30.20.10

time / s

pressure /

kPakey

2

3

41

16

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0

left

ventricle

aorta

left

atrium

What is the total time during one cardiac cycle that the atrio-ventricular valves and the semi-lunar valves are both closed at the same time?

A 0.03 s B 0.04 s C 0.07 s D 0.21 s 31 Which correctly shows the areas of the respiratory tract that contain cartilage, goblet cells,

smooth muscle and cilia (ciliated epithelium)?

cartilage goblet cells smooth muscle cilia

A bronchus alveoli bronchus bronchus

bronchiole bronchiole alveoli bronchiole

B trachea bronchiole bronchus trachea

bronchus alveoli bronchiole bronchus

C trachea trachea trachea bronchiole

bronchiole bronchus alveoli alveoli

D trachea trachea bronchus trachea

bronchus bronchus bronchiole bronchiole

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32 The diagram shows stages in the development of the disease emphysema.

chronic infection

causing inflammation

increased number

of macrophages

cells 1 invade tissue 2 walls

releasing enzyme 3 which

digests a molecule

in the wall

What is correct for 1, 2 and 3?

1 2 3

A lymphocytes alveoli elastase

B lymphocytes bronchiole ligase

C phagocytes alveoli elastase

D phagocytes bronchiole ligase

33 The photomicrographs show an artery from a non-smoker and a smoker.

non-smoker smoker

What is the reason that the smoker’s artery looks like this?

A A cancerous tumour has formed and is blocking the lumen.

B Nicotine has damaged the artery endothelium causing a plaque.

C Tar has stuck to the artery wall forming a blockage.

D The artery has become constricted due to carbon monoxide.

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34 What do the causative agents of HIV / AIDS, malaria and TB have in common?

they have a cell

surface membrane they have

genes they have ribosomes

they respire

A � � � �

B � � � �

C � � � �

D � � � �

35 The antibiotic streptomycin is now proving to be less effective in reducing the incidence of

tuberculosis (TB) worldwide.

What is the reason for this observation?

A Antibiotics such as streptomycin are not effective as antiviral drugs.

B Fewer people are living in isolated rural areas and overcrowding occurs in inner cities.

C The incidence of HIV infection is increasing, activating previously inactive Mycobacterium.

D There is an increase in the number of people infected with drug resistant strains. 36 The diagram shows part of the immune response.

cell Q

pathogen with chemical P

on surface

multiplication

cell R with protein on

surface to fit P

What are P, Q and R?

P Q R

A antibody phagocyte T helper cell

B antigen T helper cell B-lymphocyte

C antibody T helper cell phagocyte

D antigen B-lymphocyte T helper cell

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37 New-born babies have natural passive immunity.

Why is this only temporary?

A No memory cells are produced in the baby.

B The antibodies are insufficient in number.

C The antibodies only act in the mother.

D The immunity is not inherited. 38 A tree carries out photosynthesis and provides organic compounds for other organisms in a

forest. It takes carbon dioxide from and returns oxygen to the atmosphere. It takes water from the soil into its roots and its leaves lose water to the atmosphere. Many other organisms live in the tree.

Which of these terms applies to the description of the tree?

A community

B ecosystem

C habitat

D niche 39 Which box contains only the parts of an ecosystem which are classed as a food web?

energy from

sunlight

A

BC

D

primary producers

secondary consumers

primary consumers decomposers

inorganic mineralsinorganic minerals

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© UCLES 2006 9700/01/M/J/06

40 Which process does not make nitrogen-containing compounds available to plants?

A ammonification by decomposers

B denitrification by denitrifying bacteria

C nitrogen fixation in plant root nodules

D nitrogen fixation by soil bacteria