Liberi v Taitz Appellees Motion to Strike DOFF's Reply Brief and Exhibits Doc 38-1

8/2/2019 Liberi v Taitz Appellees Motion to Strike DOFF's Reply Brief and Exhibits Doc 38-1

1/57

Jozk M{ldktz7 ??,;1925 omh ??,;1?18

&J`mz`cehoxkh Akdt{otu :# 49?4%

[MEXKH ZXOXKZ J@[TX @A OYYKOCZ

A@T XFK MEMXF JETJ[EX

PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPCEZO CEDKTE# kx oc#

Ycoemxeaaz/Oyykcckkz#

z-

@TCU XOEXW# HKAKMH @[T

ATKKH@LZ A@[MHOXE@MZ# EMJ-# kx oc#

Hkakmhomxz/Oyykccomxz-

777777777777

7777

@m Oyykoc at`l xfk [mexkh Zxoxkz Hezxtejx J`{tx#

Jkmxtoc Hezxtejx à Jocea`tmeo# Z`{xfktm Heeze`m

Jozk M`- 67??,j,9986;

F`m`todck Omhtkr B{eca`th

OYYKCCKKZ L@XE@M X@ ZXTENK OYYKCCOMX HKAKMH @[TATKKH@LZ A@[MHOXE@MZ# EMJ- TKYCU DTEKA OMH KVFEDEXZ ?#

4 omh :> A@T ZOMJXE@MZ> OMH OXX@TMKU AKKZ

Yfecey G- Dktb# Kzq{etk &YO Dot M`- 95612%

COR @AAEJKZ @A YFECEY G- DKTB

;;; Omh`tto Bckm J`{tx# Z{exk ?4

Coaoukxxk Fecc# YO ?5888,4;:?Yf7 &1?9% 64;,:?:8

Aov7 &1?9% 6:8,21;5Kloec7 yfecgdktbIbloec-j`l

Oxx`tmku a`t Oyykcckkz# Cezo Cedkte# Cezo

@zxkcco# B` Kvjkc Bc`doc# Yfecey G- Dktb#Kzq{etk omh xfk Cor @aaejkz à Yfecey G-

Dktb

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 ? à ;2


2/57

e

XODCK @A J@MXKMXZ

Yobkz

XODCK @A J@MXKMXZ-------e

XODCK @A O[XF@TEXEKZ---------ee,q

ZXOXKLKMX @A AOJXZ-?,;

OTB[LKMX---1,?;

E- OTB[LKMXZ omh KQEHKMJK YTKZKMXKH

a`t xfk AETZX XELK em o TKYCU DTEKA otk

ROEQKH omh L[ZX DK ZXTEJNKM -1,?9

EE- OTB[LKMXZ omh KQEHKMJK EMXT@H[JKH

a`t xfk AETZX XELK em om OYYKOC recc M@X

DK J@MZEHKTKH -----------------------------------?9,??

EEE- ZOMJXE@MZ OBOEMZX @TCU XOEXW# KZ_-

OTK ROTTOMXKH--?4,?;

EQ- J@MJC[ZE@M---?;

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 4 `a ;2


3/57

ee

XODCK @A O[XF@TEXEKZ

Jozkz Yobk&z%

Oc`k Qkto à Olktejo# Emj- q- [mexkh Zxoxkz#:21 A-:h 519 &5xf Jet- 4998%---?8

D-N-D- q- Lo{e Y`cejk Hkyx-#

421 A-:h ?95?# ??92,96 &5xf Jet- 4994%---------?8# ?;

Dotmkxx# kx oc q-@dolo# kx oc#[-Z-H-J-# Jkmxtoc Hezxtejx à JO# Z`{xfktm Heq-#

Jozk M`- 95,jq,99964 H@J--8

D`cnkt q- J`llezze mkt# 219 A-4h ?9:5# ?984 &5xf Jet-?56;%--5

Jotlkm q- Zom Atomjezj` [meaekh Zjf- Hezx-#4:2 A-:h ?941# ?9:9 &5xf Jet- 499?%---??

Jkhom`,Qekto q- Ozfjtàx#

:48 A-:h ?914# ?911 m-; &5xf Jet- 499:%---6

ja- Jottebom q- Joc- Zxoxk Ckbezcox{tk#

41: A-4h ;19# ;18 &5xf Jet- ?5;5%-------?4

Jfoldktz q- Mozj`# Emj-# ;9? [-Z- :4# 8;,;9 &?55?% ---?:# ?8

Jxt- a`t De`,Kxfejoc Tka`tl# Emj- q- Jexu ! J`{mxu à F`m`c{c{#4991 [-Z- Oyy- CKVEZ ?16:2> 8;; A-:h 5?9 &5xf Jet- G{cu 1# 4991%--??

Kdktck q- Jexu à Omofkel# 59? A-4h 6?8# 6?6 &5xf Jet-?559%---5

Kzxoxk à Dcoz# 254 A-4h 6;6# 619 &5xf Jet- ?561%---?8

Aemn q- B`lkw# 4:5 A-:h 565# 55:,58 &5xf Jet- 499?%-?8

Btoqkz q- Otyoe`# 14: A-:h ?98:# ?986 &5xf Jet- 49?9%5

Em tk De`Cozk Xkjf- Zkj- Cexeb-#

M`- 98,582 H@J &J-H- Joc- Gom- 42# 499:%---??

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 : à ;2


4/57

eee

XODCK @A O[XF@TEXEKZ , J`mxem{kh

Jozkz Yobk&z%

Em tk Ckfxemkm# ;18 A-:h ?9;4# ?91? m-8 &5xf Jet- 4995%-- ---?8

Gomkz q- Roc,Lotx Zx`tkz# Emj-# 425 A-:h 66:# 662 &5xf

Jet- 4994%-----?9

Netzfmkt q- [mehkm J`ty- à Ol-#

684 A-4h ?928# ?922 &5xf Jet- ?566%-??# ?4

N`ktmkt q- Bteboz# :46 A-:h ?9:5# ?986 &5xf Jet- 499:%- 6

Ckmxeme q- Joc- Jxt- a`t xfk Otxz#:29 A-:h 6:2# 68: m-1 &5xf Jet- 4998%---6

Cedkte# kx oc q- Hkakmh {t Atkkh`lz A`{mhoxe`mz# Emj-#

[-Z- J`{tx à Oyykocz a t xfk Memxf Jetj{ex# Jozk M`- ??,;1925?

Cedkte# kx oc q- @tcu Xoexw# kx oc#[-Z- J`{tx à Oyykocz a`t xfk Memxf Jetj{ex# Jozk M`- ??,;1?18-?

LojH`moch q- Btojk Jf{tjf Zkoxxck#8;2 A-:h ?925# ?961 &5xf Jet- 4991%---?9

Mkr Ocozno Hkq- J`ty- q- B{kxzjf`r#

615 A-4h ?456# ?:91 &5xf Jet- ?565%---?8

Yohbkxx q- Rtebfx# ;62 A-:h 56:# 56; m-4 &5xf

Jet- 4995%?9

Ykxktz`m q- Febfcomh L{zej# Emj-#?89 A-:h- ?:?:# ?:4? &5xf Jet- ?556%--??

Tf`hkz q- LojH`moch#

129 A- Z{yy- 4h ?:1: &L-H- Bo 4995%--8



5/57

eq


Jozkz Yobk&z%

Tf`hkz q- LojH`moch#49?9 [-Z- Oyy- CKVEZ ;:89 &??xf Jet- Lot- ?;# 49?9%8

Teqktmehkt q- [-Z- Domn# [-Z-H-J-# Z`{xfktm Hezxtejx a Ac`teho#

Jozk M`- 5795,jq,6?4;;,RYH--8

Zlexf q- Lotzf# ?58 A-:8h ?98;# ?9;4 &5xf

Jet- ?555%?9

Xoexw q- Lejfokc Ozxt{k#[-Z-H-J-# Hezxtejx a J`c{ldeo# Jozk M`- ??,8948

[mexkh Zxoxkz q- Kceoz# 54? A-4h 629# 628 &5xf

Jet- ?559%--?9# ??

[mexkh Zxoxkz q- Tkothkm#

:85 A-:h 196# 1?8 m-4 &5xf Jet- 499:%-----------6

[MEXKH ZXOXKZ J@HK

Yobk&z%

46 [-Z-J- ?542?:# ?8

AKHKTOC T[CKZ @A OYYKCCOXK YT@JKH[TK

Yobk&z%

Akh- T- Oyy- Y- 81&j%-?:

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 ; `a ;2


6/57

q


MEMXF JETJ[EX C@JOC T[CKZ

Yobk&z%

C`joc T{ck :9,?---?4

C`joc T{ck :9,4-?4# ?:

C`joc T{ck 81,4---?4

MEMXF JETJ[EX OHQEZ@TU J@LLEXXKK M@XKZ X@ T[CK 81,4

Yobk&z%

M`xk :?:

M`xk 8?:

M`xk 2?:

M`xk 6?:

M`xk 5-?:



7/57

?

OYYKCCKKZ L@XE@M X@ ZXTENK OYYKCCOMX# HKAKMH @[T

ATKKH@LZ A@[MHOXE@MZ# EMJ- TKYCU DTEKA OMH OCC KVFEDEXZ

Oyykcckkz Cezo Cedkte ^Cedkte\# Cezo @zxkcco ^@zxkcco\# B` Kvjkc Bc`doc

^BKB\# Yfecey G- Dktb# Kzq{etk ^Dktb\# omh xfk Cor @aaejkz à Yfecey G- Dktb

`dgkjx x` Oyykccomx# Hkakmh `{t Atkkh`lz A`{mhoxe`mz# Emj- ^H@AA\# `t

Ôyykccomx\# Tkycu Dteka omh Kvfedexz em xfket kmxetkxu- Oyykcckkz otk ocz` oznemb

xfez J`{tx x` Zomjxe`m Oxx`tmku a`t H@AA# @tcu Xoexw# Kzq{etk# omh oroth

Oyykcckkz Oxx`tmku Akkz omh j`zxz-

ZXOXKLKMX @A AOJXZ

Oyykccomxz Oyykoc ez at`l xfk Hezxtejx J`{txz Hkmeoc à xfket Omxe,ZCOYY

L`xe`m- Xfez Oyykoc foz dkkm hkcoukh m{lkt`{z xelkz du xfk Oyykccomxz# rfejf

ez m`x xfk aetzx xelk xfku fok {zkh om Oyykccoxk J`{tx a`t z{jf xojxejz-

Oyykccomxz aeckh xfket @ykmemb Dteka `m Hkjkldkt ?5# 49??> @m Akdt{otu :#

49?4# Oyykccoxk J`llezze`mkt Ykxkt C- Zfor j`mz`cehoxkh Oyykccoxk JozkzCedkte#

kx oc q- Hkakmh `{t Atkkh`lz A`{mhoxe`mz# Emj-# Jozk M`- ??,;1925 aeckh du @tcu

Xoexw `m dkfoca à H@AA> omh Cedkte# kx oc q- @tcu Xoexw# kx oc# Jozk M`- ??,;1?18

aeckh du Gkaatku J{mmembfol# Kzq- `m dkfoca à @tcu Xoexw# zkk o xt{k omh j`ttkjx

j`yu à J`llezze`mkt Zforz @thkt oxxojfkh fktkx` oz KVFEDEX O-

Oyykcckkz &Ycoemxeaaz% aeckh xfket J`mz`cehoxkh Omzrktemb Dteka `m Lotjf ?5#

49?4-



8/57

4

Oytec ?5# 49?4# Gkaatku J{mmembfol# Kzq- `m dkfoca à @tcu Xoexw aeckh rfox

fk jocckh o J`mz`cehoxkh Tkycu Dteka oc`mb rexf o Z{yycklkmxoc Kvjktyx à

Tkj`th em Jozk M`- ??,;1925# H`jnkx M`-z ^HMz\ 89,? omh 89,4> o akr f`{tz

coxkt# @tcu Xoexw# Kzq- ^Xoexw\ `m dkfoca à H@AA ocz` aeckh o J`mz cehoxkh

Tkycu Dteka omh xftkk ^:\ Kvfedexz em Jozk M`- ??,;1?18# HMz :;,?# :;,4# :;,:#

omh :;,8# hkzyexk xfk J`{txz @thkt j`mz`cehoxemb xfk Oyykocz-

@tcu Xoexw foz Od{zkh xfk J`{txz Yt`jkzz# aecemb o zkj`mhotu J`mz`cehoxkh

Tkycu Dteka# o xfetxu,xr` ^:4\ dteka# rexf otb{lkmxz m`x toezkh em H@AAz

@ykmemb Oyykccoxk Dteka omh otb{lkmxz xfox fok odz`c{xkcu m`xfemb x` h` rexf

Xoexwz omh H@AAz Oyykoc- @tcu Xoexw `m dkfoca à H@AA ocz` aeckh xftkk ^:\

Kvfedexz rexf xfket Tkycu Dteka xfox fok m` tkcoxe`m x` H@AA omh Xoexwz Oyykoc

omh `mk à xfk Kvfedexz# HM :;,8# @tcu Xoexw `dxoemkh du ato{h{ckmx omh hkjkyxek

lkomz-

@m `t od`{x Akdt{otu 48# 49??# @tcu Xoexw oz om Oxx`tmku omh om @aaejkt à

xfk J`{tx j`mxojxkh xfk J`ll`mrkocxf à Ykmmzucomeo Z{ytklk J`{tx omh zy`nk

rexf Lotjkk Zcòm# Fkotemb J``themox t a`t xfk Hezjeycemotu Dòth à xfk

Ykmmzucomeo Z{ytklk J`{tx- Xoexw aoczkcu x`ch Lz- Zc om xfox zfk roz

tkytkzkmxemb xfk [mexkh Zxoxkz Hezxtejx J`{tx# Jkmxtoc Hezxtejx à Jocea`tmeo omh

G{hbk B{eca`th oznkh fkt x` `dxoem xfk h`j{lkmxz em xfk hezjeycemotu yt`jkkhemb#

occ à rfejf roz j`lyckxkcu aoczk- @tcu Xoexwz Kvfedex :# HM :;,8# EH 6?82946



9/57

:

oxxojfkh x H@AAz Tkycu Dteka# HM :;,? otk h`j{lkmxz xfox otk m`x y{dcej omh

j`mxoem Oxx`tmku/Jcekmx yteeckbk oz rkcc oz yteoxk ehkmxeauemb ema`tloxe`m oz x`

Yfecey G- Dktb# Kzq{etkz jcekmx- Zkk xfk Hkjcotoxe`m à Yfecey G- Dktb# Kzq{etk

^Dktb Hkjc-\ aeckh j`mj{ttkmxcu fktkrexf ox yobk y- t yy-\ ?,4# 4# :# ;- @m

Oytec 49# 49?4# @tcu Xoexw y`zxkh xfk h`j{lkmxz zfk aeckh rexf xfez J`{tx Oytec ?5#

49?4# emjc{hemb fkt Tkycu Dteka omh Kvfedexz ? xft`{bf :# occ `kt xfk Emxktmkx#

zkmx ex `{x em xf`{zomhz à TZZ akkhz> xrkkxkh xfk ema tloxe m> y`zxkh xfk

ema`tloxe`m `m fkt Z`jeoc mkxr`tn zexkz> foh `xfkt rkdzexkz y`zx ex# kxj- Emxktmkx

ohhtkzzkz Xoexw y`zxkh xfkzk h`j{lkmxz emjc{hk# d{x otk m`x celexkh x`7

fxxy7//rrr-`tcuxoexwkzq-j`l>fxxy7//rrr-`tcuxoexwkzq-j`l/0y

fxxy7//rrr-`tcuxoexwkzq-j`l/0oxxojflkmxPehfxxy7//rrr-`tcuxoexwkzq-j`l/0oxxojflkmxPehfxxy7//rrr-`tcuxoexwkzq-j`l/0oxxojflkmxPehfxxy7//rrr-`tcuxoexwkzq-j`l/0oxxojflkmxPehfxxy7//rrr-`tcuxoexwkzq-j`l/0oxxojflkmxPeh

fxxy7//rrr-`tcuxoexwkzq-j`l/ry,j`mxkmx/{ycòhz/49?4/98/Cedkte,,Hàa,5xf,jetj{ex,aeckh,aemoc,tkycu,98-?:-49?4-yha>

fxxy7//rrr-`tcuxoexwkzq-j`l/ry,j`mxkmx/{ycòhz/49?4/98/Cedkte,,H@AA,aeckh,tkycu,du,@tcu,Xoexw-yha>

fxxy7//rrr-`tcuxoexwkzq-j`l/ry,j`mxkmx/{ycòhz/49?4/98/Dktb,Tky`tx,94-?9-49?4,Hezjeycemotu,xteoc-yha>

fxxy7//rrr-`tcuxoexwkzq-j`l/ry,j`mxkmx/{ycòhz/49?4/98/Dktb,j`lycoemx,du,xfk,hezjeycemotu,dòth-yha>

fxxy7//rrr-`tcuxoexwkzq-j`l/ry,j`mxkmx/{ycòhz/49?4/98/Dktb,omzrkt,x`,xfk,hezjeycemotu,dòth?-yha>

fxxy7//mkxr`tnkhdc`bz-j`l/rA1ZO>fxxy7//rrr-aojkd``n-j`l/`tcuxoexw>

fxxy7//rrr-aojkd``n-j`l/`tcuxoexw/y`zxz/?9?;9298:??6;952;>fxxy7//mkxr`tnkhdc`bz-j`l/rAOwm0o

fxxy7//rrr-aojkd``n-j`l/ht-`tcu-xoexw/oyyP55;:42??::>



10/57

8

fxxy7//dka`tkexzmkrz-j`l/zx tu/49;?/11?/AeckhPukzxkthou-fxlc>fxxy7//dka`tkexzmkrz-j`l/zx`tekz/du/99999999999484::>

fxxy7//rrr-`tcuxoexwkzq-j`l/0yfxxy7//rrr-`tcuxoexwkzq-j`l/0oxxojflkmxPeh

fxxy7//dka`tkexzmkrz-j`l/zx`tu/?52;/;28> omh/Ato{hPEzP[mtokcemb-PYfeceyPDktb#PRf`PFozPDkkmPFotozzembPLkPA`t

P:PUkotzPRexfPOPD`b{zPCorPZ{ex#PTkjkmxcuPOhlexxkhPX`PHkato{hembPXfkPHezjeycemotuPDòth-PADEPObkmxPXkzxeaekhPXfoxPH`j{lkmxzPZ{dle

xxkhPDuPYfeceyPDktbPomhPCezoPCedktePRktkPA`tbktekz-fxlc-

{zkh xfk J`{tx oz o y{dcezfemb bt`{mh a`t fkt Ytkzz Tkckozk x` y{dcezf yteoxk

j`maehkmxeoc h`j{lkmxz zfk ato{h{ckmxcu# {mhkt aoczk ytkxkmzkz# `dxoemkh at`l o

J`{tx?-

Xoexw ato{h{ckmx# jocj{coxkh# ecckboc omh holobemb ojxe`mz ez rfu Oyykcckkz

otk z{emb Xoexw- Xoexw j`mxem{kz {zemb xfk J`{txz# Od{zemb xfk Yt`jkzz# oz o Ytkzz

? Xoexw# j`{mzkc a`t H@AA# foz o fezx`tu à `dxoememb h`j{lkmxz du ato{h{ckmx lkomz omh aecemblom{aojx{tkh# ocxktkh omh a`tbkh h`j{lkmxz oz bkm{emk# em `{t Akhktoc J`{txz# zkk Tf`hkz q-LojH`moch# 129 A- Z{yy- 4h ?:1: &L-H- Bo- 4995% &ely`zemb (49#999 zomjxe`mz `m j`{mzkc@tcu Xoexw a`t {zk à xfk ckboc yt`jkzz a`t om elyt`ykt y{ty`zk%# oaah Tf`hkz q- LojH`moch#49?9 [-Z- Oyy- CKVEZ ;:89 &??xf Jet- Lot- ?;# 49?9%> Cedkte# kx oc q- Xoexw# kx oc# [-Z-H-J-#Jkmxtoc Hezxtejx à Jocea`tmeo# Z`{xfktm Heeze`m# Jozk M`- 67??,j,9986; OGB &(4;9-99Zomjxe`mz a`t aoecemb x` odehk du xfk J`{txz G{mk ?8# 49?? @thkt# HM 442%> Dotmkxx# kx oc q-@dolo# kx oc# [-Z-H-J-# Jkmxtoc Hezxtejx à JO# Z`{xfktm He-# Jozk M`- 95,j,99964 H@J&Lom{aojx{tkh/a`tbkh Nkmuo Detxf Jktxeaejoxk# H`jnkx M`- ;;,: aeckh Zkyx- 8# 4995 omh Jktxeaekhj`yu à Nkmuo Tkbezxtoxe`m à Detxf# H`jnkx M`- :8,4 aeckh O{b{zx ?# 4995 dkotemb YtkzehkmxDotojn @doloz molk%> Teqktmehkt q- [-Z- Domn# [-Z-H-J-# Z`{xfktm Hezxtejx à Ac`teho# JozkM`- 5795,j,6?4;;,RYH# zkk H`jnkx M`- ;;,? aeckh Gom{otu 41# 49?9 &Lom{aojx{tkh# ocxktkhomh a`tbkh rkdzexk yobkz> z{dy`kmoz omh kloecz aeckh oz bkm{emk du Xoexw%> omh Xoexw q- LejfokcOzxt{k# [-Z-H-J-# Hezxtejx à J`c{ldeo# Jozk M`- ??,894# H`jnkx M`- :5# @jx`dkt ?2# 49??#@yeme`m à G{hbk Coldktxf# yobk :# am 4 omh H`jnkx M`- :: aeckh O{b{zx :9# 49?? @yeme`m àG{hbk Coldktxf# yobkz 2,6# am 8 &ato{h{ckmxcu `dxoemkh Zkckjxek Zktejk Tkj`th à Ytkzehkmx@dolo omh o kteaejoxe`m à Ytkzehkmx @doloz Z`jeoc Zkj{texu m{ldkt `dxoemkh em e`coxe`m à`{t Akhktoc Corz# xft`{bf xfk Z`jeoc Zkj{texu K,Qkteau%- Dktb Hkjc-# yy- 1,2# ?9-

Zkk Dktbz Hkjc- ox yy- :,8# 6# 5# Kvdz- ? xft`{bf ;# yy- 5,?29- Xoexw

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 ?9 à ;2


11/57

;

jkmxkt x` y{dcezf fkt aoczk zx`tekz# ato{h{ckmxcu `dxoemkh h`j{lkmxz# a`tbkh omh

ocxktkh h`j{lkmxz# omh x` jottu `{x fkt xftkoxz omh kmhkxxoz oboemzx xf`zk rf` h`

m`x obtkk rexf fkt# Oyykcckkz fktkem- Xoexw ojxe`mz omh dkfoe`tz recc m`x zx`y

{mxec xfk J`{tx xonkz ojxe`m oboemzx fkt- Xoexw foz dkkm om Oxx`tmku# cejkmzkh em xfk

Zxoxk à Jocea`tmeo zemjk 4994# zfk nm`rz rfox zfk ez hèmb# omh foz dkkm occ`rkh

du `{t J`{txz# x` j`mxem{k fkt ecckboc omh holobemb dkfoe`tz omh ojxe`mz oz zfk ez

heaaej{cx x` hkoc rexf omh xfk J`{txz nm`r zfk recc y{dcezf xfk G{hbkz yteoxk

hoxo# oxxojn xfk G{hbkz Jcktnz# ojj{zk xfk G{hbkz à jtelkz# kxj-4

Oyykcckkz fok

cekh xfkzk xojxejz# omh {mxec o J`{tx xonkz ojxe m x` zx`y ex# cenk G{hbk Comh em

Bk`tbeo heh# Xoexw recc j`mxem{k {zemb xfez J`{tx omh xfk J`{txz em xfez zxoxk oz o

h{lyemb bt`{mh omh Oyykcckkz recc j`mxem{k dkemb a{txfkt holobkh-

A`t xfkzk tkoz`mz# Oyykcckkz tkq{kzx H@AAz Tkycu Dteka omh occ Kvfedexz

aeckh xfktkrexf# oyykotemb oz HMz :;,?> :;,4> :;,:> omh :;,8 dk zxtejnkm> Xoexw

Zomjxe`mkh> omh Oyykcckkz orothkh Oxx`tmku Akkz omh j`zxz-

4 Xfkzk otk xfk ojxe`mz Xoexw x``n oboemzx Oyykcckkz fktkem> Xoexw `dxoemkh occ à xfk Oyykcckkzyteoxk hoxo# aemomjeoc tkj`thz# jtkhex tky`txz# kxj-> y{dcezfkh xfk yteoxk hoxo omh aoczk zx`tekz#aoczk occkboxe`mz# aeckh cor kma`tjklkmx tky`txz oboemzx Oyykcckkz dozkh `m aoczk occkboxe`mz>oxxklyxkh x` fok xfk Oyykcckkz ottkzxkh dozkh `m fkt aoczk occkboxe`mz> Xoexw foz omh fohh`j{lkmxz a`tbkh em Oyykcckkz molkz omh Kloec Ohhtkzzkz> omh lomu `xfkt holobemb ojxz-Oyykcckkz fok tky`txkh xfk jtelkz x` xfket c`joc cor kma`tjklkmx obkmjekz# d{x dkjo{zk xfkjtelkz jt`zz z` lomu zxoxk cemkz &Mkr Lkvej`> Mkr Gktzku> Ykmmzucomeo> omh Jocea`tmeo# ex ezheaaej{cx a`t xfk Zxoxk Obkmjekz x` yt`zkj{xk- Kojf cor kma`tjklkmx obkmju Oyykcckkz fok aeckhtky`txz# nm`remb Oyykcckkz otk z{emb Xoexw# j`mxem{k oznemb rfox `{t J`{txz otk hèmb x` fkcyyt`xkjx xfk Oyykcckkz omh rfu xfk J`{txz fok m`x ezz{kh o Tkzxtoememb @thkt `t Emg{mjxe`m-

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 ?? à ;2


12/57

1

OTB[LKMX

E- OTB[LKMXZ OMH KQEHKMJK YTKZKMXKH A@T XFK

AETZX XELK EM O TKYCU DTEKA OTK ROEQKH OMH L[ZX

DK ZXTEJNKM

Xfez J`{tx j`mz`cehoxkh xfk xr` &4% Oyykocz omh `thktkh Oyykcckkz x` aeck o

J`mz`cehoxkh Omzrktemb Dteka omh Oyykccomxz x` aeck o j`mz`cehoxkh Tkycu Dteka-

Emzxkoh `a j`lycuemb# Xoexw omh H@AA x``n ex {y`m xfklzkckz x` aeck xr` &4%

zkyotoxk dtekaz# x`xocemb jc`zk x` a`{txkkm xf`{zomh r`thz omh zevxu,a`{t yobkz-

Oyykcckkz rktk m`x oaa`thkh xfk `yy`tx{mexu x` ohhtkzz xfk mkr kvxkmhkh

otb{lkmxz toezkh a`t xfk aetzx xelk em xfkzk xr` &4% Tkycu Dtekaz &Jozk M`- ??,

;1925# HM 89,?> omh Jozk M`- ??,;1?18# HM :;,?%- Oyykcckkz fok ocz` aeckh o

L`xe`m x` zxtenk mkr otb{lkmxz em @tcu Xoexw dteka# HM 89,? aeckh em Jozk ??,

;1925 omh xfket Z{yycklkmxoc Kvjktyx `a Tkj`th# HM 89,4# otb{lkmxz omh

h`j{lkmxz m`x ohhtkzzkh em xfket Oyykccomxz @ykmemb Dteka omh m`x ytkzkmxkh x`

xfk Hezxtejx j`{tx rexf xfket Omxe,ZCOYY L`xe`m- A`t xfez tkoz`m oc`mk# H@AAz

Tkycu omh occ xftkk &:% kvfedexz oxxojfkh xfktkrexf l{zx dk zxtejnkm-

H@AA em xfket Tkycu Dteka toezkh xfk a`cc`remb otb{lkmxz# a`t xfk aetzx xelk7



13/57

2

@m yobkz xr` xft`{bf xftkk :-8

E- Oyykccomx# Hkakmh @{t Atkkh`lz A`{mhoxe`mz# Emj-#

Emj`ty`toxkz Du Tkaktkmjk Jktxoem Y`txe`mz à xfk Tkcoxkh

Tkycu Dteka à Oyykccomx# @tcu Xoexw# em Xfkzk J`mz`cehoxkh

Oyykocz

@m yobkz a`{t xft`{bf xfetxkkm

o- Ycoemxeaaz , du xfket zeckmjk em xfket dteka , ohlex xfox xfket

J`{mx @mk# a`t Qe coxe m à xfk Aetzx omh A`{txkkmxf

Olkmhlkmx ^zej\ à xfk [mexkh Zxoxkz J`mzxex{e`m ^zej\# ez

ckboccu emz{aaejekmx

d- Ycoemxeaaz J`{mx Xr`# a`t Hkaoloxe`m Ykt Zk# Zcomhktomh Cedkc# ez ckboccu emz{aaejekmx

j- Ycoemxeaaz J`{mx Xftkk# a`t Aoczk,Cebfx Emqoze`m à

Yteqoju# ez ckboccu emz{aaejekmx

h- Ycoemxeaaz J`{mx A`{t# a`t Fotozzlkmx# ez ckboccu

emz{aaejekmx oz rkcc oz m`x dkemb o ckboccu,j`bmewodck jcoel

k- Ycoemxeaaz J`{mx Aeqk# a`t Aoczk Hkzebmoxe`mz omh

Hkzjteyxe`mz à Aojxz# ez ckboccu emz{aaejekmx

a- Ycoemxeaaz J`{mx Zev# a`t Emg{mjxeqk Tkceka # ez ckboccu

emz{aaejekmx omh ez m`x o zkyotoxk jcoel a`t tkceka

: Oyykcckkz/Ycoemxeaaz em xfez L`xe`m otk jexemb x` xfk xexck yotobtoyf a`t kojf mkr otb{lkmx omhxfk yobk m{ldktz rfktk xfk otb{lkmx kvezxz em H@AAz Tkycu- Oyykcckkz otk m`x occ`xxkhkm`{bf yobkz x` q{`xk kktu zkmxkmjk em xfk mkr otb{lkmxz- Oxxojfkh fktkx` oz KVFEDEX Oez o j`yu à H@AAz Tkycu Dteka rexf kojf mkr otb{lkmx febfcebfxkh em ukcc`r# rfejf l{zx dkzxtejnkm-

8 Oyykcckkz otk {zemb xfk KJA h`jnkxemb Zuzxklz yobk m{ldktemb ox xfk x`y à kojf h`j{lkmxoz Xoexw foz m`xyt`yktcu yobk m{ldktkh H@AAz Tkycu# k-b- Xoexw yobk m{ldktz b` at`l yobk?9 x` yobk 4-

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 ?: à ;2


14/57

6

Yobkz xrkmxu,a`{t xft`{bf xfetxu,`mk7

OYYKCCKKZ J@LLEXXKH KBTKBE@[Z ATO[H @M XFK

J@[TX# RFKM XFKU XTEKH X@ J@QKT [Y COJN @A

Z[DGKJX LOXXKT G[TEZHEJXE@M OMH COJN @A

HEQKTZEXU OX XFK XELK XFK J@LYCOEMX ROZ AECKH

ATO[H @M XFK J@[TX DU XFK OYYKCCKKZ EZ O YOTX

OMH YOTJKC @A XFK ZOLK L@H[Z @YKTOMHE

EQ- J`mjc{ze`mCOJN @A HEQKTZEXU OX XFK XELK XFK

J@LYCOEMX ROZ AECKH HKLOMHZ HEZLEZZOC @A XFK

JOZK REXF@[X CKOQK X@ OLKMH- H{k x` xfk aojx xfox xfk

Ycoemxeaaz/Oyykcckkz dochcu hkato{hkh xfk j`{tx jcoelemb xfox xfku

yt`qehkh Cedkte"z ehkmxeaejoxe`m yoyktz omh zykjeaejoccu fkt hteqktz"

cejkmzk em `ykm j`{tx h{temb O{b{zx 2# 4995 j`{tx fkotemb# rfkm emaojx xfku rktk `thktkh du G{hbk T`dktkm` `m O{b{zx 2# 4995 x` aeck

Cedkte"z ehkmxeaejoxe`m yoyktz a`t xfk y{ty`zk à kzxodcezfemb

tkzehkmju omh heqktzexu omh xfku mkqkt heh ex # omh xfku otk em

j`mxklyx à xfk j`{tx `thkt a`t mkotcu xftkk ukotz m`r# xfk Oyykoc

m`x `mcu mkkhz x` dk btomxkh omh xfk rf`ck ckboc ojxe`m mkkhz x` dk

hezlezzkh# d{x xfk Oyykccckkz mkkh x` dk zomjxe`mkh a`t kbtkbe`{z

j`mxklyx à j`{tx omh a`t kbtkbe`{z ato{h `m xfk j`{tx-

Ex ez xfk c`mb f`chemb à xfez J`{tx xfox otb{lkmxz toezkh a`t xfk aetzx xelk em

o Tkycu Dteka recc m`xdk j`mzehktkh- Zkk N`ktmkt q- Bteboz# :46 A-:h ?9:5# ?986

&5xf Jet- 499:%- Ohhexe`moccu# ezz{kz toezkh a`t xfk aetzx xelk em om Oyykccomxz

Tkycu Dteka otk j`mzehktkh roekh- Xfk J`{tx t`{xemkcu tka{zkz x` j`mzehkt xfkl-

Zkk# k-b-# Ckmxeme q- Joc- Jxt- a`t xfk Otxz# :29 A-:h 6:2# 68: m-1 &5xf Jet- 4998%

&hkjcememb x` j`mzehkt ezz{k toezkh em tkycu dteka%> [mexkh Zxoxkz q- Tkothkm# :85

A-:h 196# 1?8 m-4 &5xf Jet- 499:% &Rk hkjcemk x` j`mzehkt Tkothkmz otb{lkmx - - -

dkjo{zk ex ez toezkh a`t xfk aetzx xelk em tkycu-%> Jkhom`,Qekto q- Ozfjtàx# :48

A-:h ?914# ?911 m-; &5xf Jet- 499:% &^R\k hkjcemk x` j`mzehkt mkr ezz{kz toezkh



15/57

5

a`t xfk aetzx xelk em o tkycu dteka-%7 Btoqkz q- Otyoe`# 14: A-:h ?98:# ?986 &5xf

Jet- 49?9% &ykt j{teol% &otb{lkmxz toezkh a`t xfk aetzx xelk em o tkycu dteka otk

roekh-%>Kdktck q- Jexu à Omofkel# 59? A-4h 6?8# 6?6 &5xf Jet-?559% &$Ex ez rkcc

kzxodcezfkh em xfez jetj{ex xfox xfk bkmktoc t{ck ez xfox oyykccomxz jomm`x toezk o mkr

ezz{k a`t xfk aetzx xelk em xfket tkycu dtekaz-$% &q{`xoxe`mz omh jexoxe`mz `lexxkh%>

q{`xemb D`cnkt q- J`llezze`mkt# 219 A-4h ?9:5# ?984 &5xf Jet-?56;% &$Oz o

bkmktoc t{ck# rk recc m`x j`mzehkt om ezz{k toezkh a`t xfk aetzx xelk `m oyykoc-$%-

Xfk tkoz`m a`t xfez ez aoetmkzz- Rfkm om ezz{k ez toezkh a`t xfk aetzx xelk em o Tkycu

Dteka# ex lkomz xfox xfk Oyykcckkz fok m`x foh om `yy`tx{mexu x` tkzy`mh x` xfox

ezz{k- Zkk Ckmxeme# :29 A-:h ox 68: m-1-

Xfk od`k `{xcemkh zxoxklkmxz omh xfk zxoxklkmxz febfcebfxkh em KVFEDEX

D aeckh em H@AAz Tkycu# HM :;,? omh H@AAz Kvfedex ? xft`{bf :# HMz

:;,4# :;,:# omh :;,8# l{zx dk zxtejnkm omh m`x j`mzehktkh- H@AAz Kvfedex ?

xft`{bf :# otk fkotzou h`j{lkmxz# j`lyckxkcu ettkckomx x` xfez Oyykoc omh rktk

m`x yt`h{jkh x` xfk Hezxtejx J`{tx tkbothemb H@AAz Omxe,ZCOYY L`xe`m omh

rktk m`x yt`h{jkh em H@AAz Oyykccomx @ykmemb Dteka omh xfktka`tk otk roekh

omh l{zx dk zxtejnkm omh m`x j`mzehktkh- Xoexw `m dkfoca à H@AA otk zelycu

xtuemb x` ytkg{hejk xfez J`{tx oboemzx xfk Oyykcckkz oz om {maoet xojxejoc ohomxobk-

Oyykcckkz fok m`x foh om `yy`tx{mexu x` tkzy`mh x` xfkzk mkrcu toezkh

otb{lkmxz `t Kvfedexz# rfejf ez kvxtklkcu ytkg{hejeoc omh l{zx m`x dk occ`rkh-

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 ?; à ;2


16/57

?9

H@AAz Tkycu omh Kvfedexz oxxojfkh xfktkx` l{zx dk zxtejnkm> omh xfez J`{tx l{zx

Zomjxe`m Oxx`tmku @tcu Xoexw> omh Oroth Oyykcckkz Oxx`tmku akkz omh j`zxz-

EE- OTB[LKMXZ omh KQEHKMJK EMXT@H[JKH A@T XFK

AETZX XELK EM OM OYYKOC RECC M@X DK J@MZEHKTKH7

Oz xfez J`{tx ez orotk# om Oyykoc ez o yt`jkkhemb em rfejf o febfkt J`{tx

tkekrz xfk ojxe`mz xonkm du o Xteoc J`{tx# `t em xfez jozk# xfk Hezxtejx J`{tx-

Oyykocz otk bkmktoccu celexkh x` o tkekr `a xfk tkj`th at`l xfk c`rkt J`{tx-

Yotxekz jomm`x emxt`h{jk mkr kehkmjk omh otk celexkh x` rfox roz zoeh omh

emxt`h{jkh ox xfk `tebemoc yt`jkkhemb- Ezz{kz# hkakmzkz omh otb{lkmxz m`x toezkh ox

xfk Hezxtejx J`{tx jomm`xdk toezkh em xfk Oyykoc- Xfez J`{tx tkekrz xfk c`rkt

J`{tx"z oyycejoxe`m `a xfk cor x` xfk aojxz oz ytkzkmxkh-Gomkz q- Roc,Lotx Zx`tkz#

Emj-# 425 A-:h 66:# 662 &5xf Jet- 4994% &Rk bkmktoccu h` m`x j`mzehkt ezz{kz toezkh

a`t xfk aetzx xelk `m Oyykoc%>LojH`moch q- Btojk Jf{tjf Zkoxxck# 8;2 A-:h ?925#

?961 &5xf Jet- 4991% &Rk hkjcemk x` j`mzehkt otb{lkmxz toezkh a`t xfk aetzx xelk `m

oyykoc-%> Zlexf q- Lotzf# ?58 A-:8h ?98;# ?9;4 &5xf Jet- ?555% &Rk h` m`x

j`mzehkt j`mxkmxe`mz# aojxz `t otb{lkmxz toezkh a`t xfk aetzx xelk `m oyykoc%>

Yohbkxx q- Rtebfx# ;62 A-:h 56:# 56; m-4 &5xf Jet- 4995% &ykt j{teol% &Rk h` m`x

j`mzehkt otb{lkmxz omh occkboxe`mz toezkh a`t xfk aetzx xelk `m oyykoc-%> [mexkh

Zxoxkz q- Kceoz# 54? A-4h 629# 628 &5xf Jet- ?559% &Rk hkjcemk x` j`mzehkt kehkmjk

`t otb{lkmxz ytkzkmxkh a`t xfk aetzx xelk `m oyykoc-%-

?1



17/57

??

Oyykccomxz mkr otb{lkmxz oyykotemb em xfket Tkycu Dteka `{xcemkh od`k omh

febfcebfxkh em KVFEDEX D# otk a{txfkt roekh du H@AA dkjo{zk H@AA heh m`x

ytkzkmx xfkl x` xfk Hezxtejx J`{tx tkbothemb xfket Omxe,ZCOYY L`xe`m omh

xfktka`tk l{zx dk zxtejnkm- Zkk Ykxktz`m q- Febfcomh L{zej# Emj-# ?89 A-:h- ?:?:#

?:4? &5xf Jet- ?556% omh Jotlkm q- Zom Atomjezj` [meaekh Zjf- Hezx-# 4:2 A-:h

?941# ?9:9 &5xf Jet- 499?%- Zkk ocz` Em tk De`Cozk Xkjf- Zkj- Cexeb-# M`- 98,582

H@J &J-H- Joc- Gom- 42# 499:% m?>Akh- T- Oyy- Y- ?9&o%> omhNetzfmkt q- [mehkm

J`ty- `a Ol-# 684 A-4h ?928# ?922 &5xf Jet- ?566%-

Oz zxoxkh du G{hbk LjNk`rm em Jxt- a`t De`,Kxfejoc Tka`tl# Emj- q- Jexu !

J`{mxu `a F`m`c{c{# 4991 [-Z- Oyy- CKVEZ ?16:2> 8;; A-:h 5?9 &5xf Jet- G{cu 1#

4991% em fkt Olkmhkh @yeme`m ox am- :# $Xfktk ez b``h tkoz`m rfu rk bkmktoccu

h` m`x j`mzehkt ezz{kz a`t xfk aetzx xelk `m oyykoc,,xfk tkj`th foz m`x dkkm

hkkc`ykh# xfk hezxtejx j`{tx foz m`x foh om `yy`tx{mexu x` j`mzehkt xfk ezz{k# omh

xfk yotxekz" otb{lkmxz otk m`x hkkc`ykh oboemzx xfk hezxtejx j`{tx hkjeze`m-

Ojj`thembcu# xfez J`{tx zf`{ch Zxtenk H@AAz Tkycu Dteka em exz kmxetkxu a`t

aoecemb x` ohfktk x` xfk J`{txz Akdt{otu :# 49?4# omh a`t xfk tkoz`mz `{xcemkh

od`k omh em KVFEDEX D omh Kvfedexz ? xft`{bf : oxxojfkh xfktkx aeckh

rexf xfez J`{tx `m Oytec ?5# 49?4 xfox ^rktk\ m`xytkzkmxkh x` xfk hezxtejx j`{tx

Netzjfmkt# z{yto# 684 A-4h ox ?926-

?2



18/57

?4

EEE- ZOMJXE@MZ OBOEMZX @TCU XOEXW# KZ_- OTK

ROTTOMXKH

Xfktk otk zkktoc T{ckz em xfez Jetj{ex xfox occ`r xfez J`{tx x` Zomjxe`m om

oxx`tmku omh oroth oxx`tmku akkz omh j`zxz x` xfket `yy`mkmx# a`t Aoec{tk x`

J`lycu rexf Jetj{ex T{ck :9,?# ea ettkckqomx loxkteocz otk emjc{hkh em xfk Kvjktyxz

à Tkj`thz `t Kvfedexz aeckh rexf o Dteka# zkk xfez J`{txz Jetj{ex T{ck :9,4;- Xfk

Memxf Jetj{ex C`joc T{ck :9,4 occ`rz a`t Zomjxe`mz# J`zxz omh Oxx`tmku akkz

oboemzx om Oxx`tmku rf` qkvoxe`{zcu omh {mtkoz`modcu emjtkozkz xfk j`zx à

cexeboxe`m du emjc{ze`m à {mmkjkzzotu loxkteoc em xfk kvjktyxz à tkj`th- Oz @tcu

Xoexw# Kzq{etk# Oxx`tmku a`t H@AA foz h`mk x` xfk Oyykcckkz fktkem-

Xfk Memxf Jetj{ex T{ck 81,4 &o% `{xcemkz zomjxe`modck j`mh{jx omh j`mh{jx

z{dgkjx x` Hezjeycemk# Xfez J`{tx lou ely`zk hezjeycemk `m omu oxx`tmku

ytojxejemb dka`tk xfez J`{txrf` kmbobkz em j`mh{jx qe`coxemb oyycejodck t{ckz à

ytàkzze`moc j`mh{jx# `t rf` aoecz x` j`lycu rexf t{ckz `t `thktz à xfez J`{tx-

Xfk hezjeycemk lou j`mzezx à hezdotlkmx# z{zykmze`m# tkytelomh# j`{mzkcemb#

kh{joxe`m# o l`mkxotu ykmocxu# tkzxex{xe`m# `t omu `xfkt ojxe`m xfox xfk J`{tx

hkklz oyyt`yteoxk omh g{zx- ^klyfozez ohhkh\-

Oz `{xcemkh em xfk Jetj{ex ohez`tu J`llexxkk M`xk x` T{ck 81,4# xfez J`{tx

lou zomjxe`m om oxx`tmku rf` z` l{cxeycekz xfk yt`jkkhembz em omu jozk

; Xfk Memxf Jetj{ex J`{tx foz xfk emfktkmx y`rkt x` zxtenk ettkckomx loxkteoc- Jetj{ex T{ck :9,?>Zkk ocz` ja- Jottebom q- Joc- Zxoxk Ckbezcox{tk# 41: A-4h ;19# ;18 &5xf Jet- ?5;5% &hezj{zzemb omoyykccoxk j`{txz emfktkmx y`rkt x` zxtenk dtekaz omh yckohembz oz kexfkt zjomhoc`{z# elyktxemkmx#zj{ttec`{z# omh/`t rexf`{x tkckomju%

?6



19/57

?:

{mtkoz`modcu `t qkvoxe`{zcu# 46 [-Z-J- ?542# Jetj{ex Ohez`tu J`llexxkk M`xk

&:%> y{tz{omx x` Jetj{ex T{ck :9,4 xfez J`{tx lou Zomjxe`m om Oxx`tmku rf`

qkvoxe`{zcu omh {mtkoz`modcu emjtkozkz xfk j`zx à cexeboxe`m du emjc{ze`m à

{mmkjkzzotu loxkteoc em xfk kvjktyxz à tkj`th-> [mhkt Jetj{ex T{ck :9,4# oboemzx

j`{mzkc rf` qkvoxe`{zcu omh {mtkoz`modcu emjtkozkz xfk j`zx à cexeboxe`m du

emjc{ze`m à {mmkjkzzotu loxkteoc em xfk kvjktyxz à tkj`th-# zkk Jetj{ex Ohez`tu

J`llexxkk M`xk &8%> Oboemzx j`{mzkc a`t j`mh{jx xfox qe`coxkz xfk `thktz `t `xfkt

emzxt{jxe`mz à xfk J`{tx# `t a`t aoec{tk x` j`lycu rexf xfk Akhktoc T{ckz à

Oyykccoxk Yt`jkh{tk `t omu Jetj{ex T{ck-# zkk Jetj{ex Ohez`tu J`llexxkk M`xk

&2%> omh [mhkt xfk emfktkmx y`rktz à xfk J`{tx- Zkk# k-b-# Jfoldktz q- Mozj`#

Emj-# ;9? [-Z- :4# 8;,;9 &?55?%# zkk ocz` Jetj{ex Ohez`tu J`llexxkk M`xk &6%>

omh Oz o a`tl à hezjeycemk {mhkt ATOY 81&j% omh Jetj{ex T{ck 81,4# rexf m`xejk

à z{jf zomjxe`mz yt`qehkh x` xfk oyyt`yteoxk j`{txz omh zxoxk hezjeycemotu

obkmjekz rfkm xfk J`{tx hkklz z{jf m`xejk x` dk g{zxeaekh-# zkk Jetj{ex Ohez`tu

J`llexxkk M`xk &5%-

46 [-Z-J- ?542 occ`rz xfez Jetj{ex x` zomjxe`m om oxx`tmku rf` z`

l{cxeycekz xfk yt`jkkhembz em omu jozk {mtkoz`modcu omh qkvoxe`{zcu a`t xf`zk

kvjkzz j`zxz# kvykmzkz# omh oxx`tmkuz akkz tkoz`modcu emj{ttkh oz o tkz{cx à

oxx`tmkuz j`mh{jx- Tkjnckzzmkzz z{aaejkz {mhkt ?542# d{x xfk J`{tx l{zx aemh

xfktk roz doh aoexf-D-N-D- q- Lo{e Y`cejk Hkyx-# 421 A-:h ?95?# ??92,96 &5xf Jet-

?5



20/57

?8

4994%- Xfktk ez m` q{kzxe`m xfox @tcu Xoexw# rf` ez o zkoz`mkh Oxx`tmku cejkmzkh x`

ytojxejk cor em xfk Zxoxk à Jocea`tmeo# ojxe`mz rktk em doh aoexf omh ex ez z{yy`txkh

du fkt aecemb `m Oytec ?5# 49?4# rfejf ez jckot omh j`mqemjemb kqehkmjk- Em tk

Ckfxemkm# ;18 A-:h ?9;4# ?91? m-8 &5xf Jet- 4995-%> Mkr Ocozno Hkq- J`ty- q-

B{kxzjf`r# 615 A-4h ?456# ?:91 &5xf Jet- ?565% &$Doh aoexf ez ytkzkmx rfkm om

oxx`tmku nm`rembcu `t tkjnckzzcu toezkz o ateq`c`{z otb{lkmx `t otb{kz o

lktex`te`{z jcoel a`t xfk y{ty`zk à fotozzemb om `yy`mkmx-$ %Eh- &q{`xembKzxoxk

à Dcoz# 254 A-4h 6;6# 619 &5xf Jet- ?561%> D-N-D- q- Lo{e Y`cejk Hkyx# 421 A-:h

?95?# ??92,96 &5xf Jet- 4994% &oxx`tmkuz nm`remb omh tkjnckzz emxt`h{jxe`m à

emohlezzedck kqehkmjk roz xomxol`{mx x` doh aoexf omh rottomxkh zomjxe`mz {mhkt

?542 omh xfk j`{txz emfktkmx y`rkt%> Aemn q- B`lkw# 4:5 A-:h 565# 55:,58

&5xf Jet- 499?% &oxx`tmkuz tkjnckzz lezzxoxklkmxz à aojx# j`ldemkh rexf om

elyt`ykt y{ty`zk# otk zomjxe`modck {mhkt xfk j`{txz emfktkmx y`rkt%> Jfoldktz

q- MOZJ@# ;9? [-Z- :4 &?55?% &f`chemb xfox xfk kvjkzzeqk zomjxe`memb a`t

oxx`tmkuz akkz omh j`zxz a`t doh,aoexf j`mh{jx roz oyyt`yteoxk%-

@tcu Xoexw# Kzq- e`coxkh xfk J`{txz Akdt{otu :# 49?4 J`mz`cehoxe`m @thkt#

du aecemb o zkj`mhotu Tkycu Dteka `m dkfoca à H@AA# rfejf oc`mk rottomxz

zomjxe`mz omh om oroth à Oxx`tmku akkz omh j`zxz x` Oyykcckkz# Oc`k Qkto à

Olktejo# Emj- q- [mexkh Zxoxkz# :21 A-:h 519 &5xf Jet- 4998% &Zomjxe`mz otk

oyyt`yteoxk rfkm o yotxu y{ty`zkcu e`coxkz o J`{tx @thkt%Eh- ox 511-

49



21/57

?;

@tcu Xoexw# Kzq- ocz` e coxkh xfez J`{txz Jetj{ex T{ckz du aecemb Oyykccomxz

Tkycu dteka rexf mkr otb{lkmxz omh Kvfedexz xfox fok m` tkcoxe`m x` xfket Oyykocz

omh rktk m`x toezkh em xfk Hezxtejx J`{tx tkbothemb xfket Omxe,ZCOYY L`xe`m `t em

xfket Oyykccomxz @ykmemb Dteka# occ xfk xelk nm`remb Oyykcckkz &Ycoemxeaaz% r`{ch

m`x dk odck x` tkzy`mh x` xfkzk mkr otb{lkmxz omh Kvfedexz- Xfez j`mh{jx ocz`

rottomxz Zomjxe`mz omh xfk oroth à Oxx`tmku akkz omh j`zxz x` Oyykcckkz# D-N-D-

q- Lo{e Y`cejk Hkyx# 421 A-:h ?95?# ??92,96 &5xf Jet- 4994%-

EQ- J@MJC[ZE@MZ7

A`t xfk tkoz`mz `{xcemkh fktkem# Oyykccomx Hkakmh `{t Atkkh`lz

A`{mhoxe`mz# Emj-z h{ycejoxek J`mz`cehoxkh Tkycu Dteka aeckh em Jozk M`- ??,

;1?18# HM :;,? omh Kvfedexz ? xft`{bf :# HMz :;,4# :;,: omh :;,8 oxxojfkh

xfktkx l{zx dk zxtejnkm em xfket kmxetkxu- @tcu Xoexw# Kzq{etk l{zx dk zomjxe`mkh

omh Oyykcckkz orothkh Oxx`tmku akkz omh j`zxz-

Tkzykjxa{ccu z{dlexxkh#

Hoxkh7 Oytec 48# 49?4 /z/ Yfecey G- DktbYfecey G- Dktb# Kzq{etk

Oxx`tmku em yt` zk omh a`t Oyykcckkz#Cezo Cedkte# Cezo @zxkcco# B` Kvjkc

Bc`doc omh xfk Cor @aaejkz à Yfecey

G- Dktb

4?

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 4? à ;2


22/57

KVFEDEX O

44



23/57

olx/Yt` L ` j`llezf :9Gom 49?4

[MEXKH ZXOXKZ J@[TX @A OYYKOCZ


CEZO CEDKTE> kx oc-#

Ycoemxeaaz , Oyykcckkz#

q-

HKAKMH @[T ATKKH@LZ

A@[MHOXE@MZ# EMJ-#

Hkakmhomx , Oyykccomx-

M`- ??,;1925

H-J- M`- 67??,jq,9986;,OB,OGR

Jkmxtoc Hezxtejx à Jocea`tmeo#

Zomxo Omo

@THKT

CEZO CEDKTE> kx oc-#

Ycoemxeaaz , Oyykcckkz#

q-

@TCU XOEXW# ONO Ht- @tcu Xoexw#

Hkakmhomx , Oyykccomx-

M`- ??,;1?18

H-J- M`- 67??,jq,9986;,OB,OGR

Jkmxtoc Hezxtejx à Jocea`tmeo#

Zomxo Omo

@THKT

Dka`tk7 Ykxkt C- Zfor# Oyykccoxk J`llezze`mkt

J`{tx tkj`thz tkackjx xfox hkakmhomx Hkakmh @{t Atkkh`lz A`{mhoxe`m aeckh

o m`xejk à oyykoc omh yoeh aecemb akkz `m G{mk 42# 49?? a`t oyykoc m`- ??,;1925-

Hkakmhomx @tcu Xoexw aeckh o m`xejk à oyykoc omh yoeh aecemb akkz `m G{cu ?:# 49??

a`t oyykoc m`- ??,;1?18- Xfk J`{tx z{o zy`mxk j`mz`cehoxkz oyykoc m`z- ??,;1925

omh ??,;1?18-

AECKH

AKD 9: 49?4

L@CCU J- HRUKT# JCKTN[-Z- J@[TX @A OYYKOCZ

Jozk7 ??,;1925 94/9:/49?4 EH7 69;1244 HnxKmxtu7 41 Yobk7 ? à 4

4:

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 4: à ;2


24/57

olx/Yt` L ` j`llezf :9Gom 49?4

Oyykcckkz `yy`zkh gèmx l`xe`m x` zxtenk xfk `ykmemb dteka ez hkmekh-

Oyykcckkz `yy`zkh gèmx l`xe`m x` hezlezz xfk oyykoc ez hkmekh- Oyykcckkz

l`xe`m x` zxtenk mkr otb{lkmxz ez hkmekh rexf`{x ytkg{hejk x` tkmkremb xfk

otb{lkmx em xfk omzrktemb dteka- Xfk jt`zz,oyycejoxe`mz à xfk yotxekz a`t oxx`tmku

akkz otk hkmekh rexf`{x ytkg{hejk x` tkmkrkh oyycejoxe`mz# ea rottomxkh# oaxkt xfk

J`{txz tkz`c{xe`m à xfkzk oyykocz- Zkk 5xf Jet- T- :5,?-1-

Oyykccomxz l`xe`m x` zxtenk aecembz omh a`t zomjxe`mz ez hkmekh- J`{tx

tkj`thz tkackjx xfox oyykcckkz j`{mzkc# Yfecey G- Dktb# Kzq-# foz dkkm ohlexxkh x`

xfk [mexkh Zxoxkz J`{tx à Oyykocz Memxf Jetj{ex dot kaakjxek Gom{otu 49# 49?4-

Oyykccomxz l`xe`m x` btomx om oyykoc du hkao{cx ez hkmekh-Zkk

5xf Jet- T-

42,?9- Oyykccomxz yy`zkh l`xe`m a`t om kvxkmze`m à xelk x` aeck om `yy`zexe`m

x` xfk l`xe`m x` hezlezz ez btomxkh-

Xfk Jcktn zfocc zxtenk oyykccomx @tcu Xoexwz &Xoexw% tkq{kzx a`t g{hejeoc

m`xejk aeckh `m Hkjkldkt 49# 49?? em M`- ??,;1?18 dkjo{zk xfk h`j{lkmx aeckh du

Oyykccomx Xoexw j`mxoemz z`jeoc zkj{texu ema`tloxe`m- Zkk Akh- T- Oyy- Y- 4;&o%&;%>

Akh- T- Je- Y- ;-4&o%- Oyykccomx Xoexw lou aeck o tkhojxkh h`j{lkmx oc`mb rexf

om`xfkt tkq{kzx a`t g{hejeoc m`xejk- Omu a{txfkt l`xe`mz a`t g{hejeoc m`xejk recc dk

tkakttkh x` xfk lktexz yomkc a`t tkz`c{xe`m- Zkk 5xf Jet- T- 42,?# Jetj{ex Ohez`tu

J`llexxkk M`xk &2%-

Xfk olkmhkh dtekaemb zjfkh{ck ez oz a`cc`rz7 xfk j`mz`cehoxkh omzrktemb

dteka ez h{k Lotjf 2# 49?4> xfk j`mz`cehoxkh `yxe`moc tkycu dteka ez h{k rexfem ?8

houz oaxkt zktejk à xfk j`mz`cehoxkh omzrktemb dteka-

Oyykcckkz otk tklemhkh xfox ea xfku j`mxkmh oyykccomxz kvjktyxz `lex

tkckomx y`txe`mz à xfk tkj`th xfku lou aeck z{yycklkmxoc kvjktyxz à tkj`th

y{tz{omx x` Memxf Jetj{ex T{ck :9,?-2 oc`mb rexf xfk j`mz`cehoxkh omzrktemb dteka-

Jozk7 ??,;1925 94/9:/49?4 EH7 69;1244 HnxKmxtu7 41 Yobk7 4 à 4

48



25/57

KVFEDEX D

4;

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 4; `a ;2


26/57

Cedkte q H@AA Tkycu x` Oyykcckkz" dteka 5xf jetj{ex 98-?5-49?4 ?

Jozk M`z- ??,;1925 omh ??,;1?18

&J`mz`cehoxkh `m Akdt{otu :# 49?4%

EM XFK [MEXKH ZXOXKZ J@[TX @A OYYKOCZ


Cezo Cedkte# kx oc-#

Ycoemxeaaz/Oyykcckkz#

-

@tcu Xoexw# Hkakmh @{t Atkkh`lz

A`{mhoxe`mz# Emj-# kx oc-#

Hkakmhomxz/Oyykccomxz-

TKYCU DTEKA DU OYYKCCOMX#

HKAKMH @[T ATKKH@LZ A@[MHOXE@MZ# EMJ-

&Z{dlexxkh rexf Oyykccomxz Z{yycklkmxoc Kvjktyxz à Tkj`th omh Tkycu Dteka du

Oyykccomx# @tcu Xoexw# em J`mz`cehoxkh Oyykocz# Xodck à j`mxkmxz omh xodck à

o{xf`texekz ez em xfk oyykccomx @tcu Xoexw dteka%

Ht- @tcu Xoexw# Kzq-# JZDM 44:8::

COR @AAEJKZ @A HT- @TCU XOEXW# KZ_-

456:5 Zomxo Lotbotexo Ynru

Zxk- ?99Tomjf` Zomxo Lotbotexo# JO 54166

&585% 16:,;8?? , xkckyf`mk

&585% 211,219: , aov

J`{mzkc a`t Hkakmhomx/Oyykccomx#

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/?5/49?4 EH7 6?82946 HnxKmxtu7 :;,? Yobk7 ? à :4

41



27/57

Cedkte q H@AA Tkycu x` Oyykcckkz" dteka 5xf jetj{ex 98-?5-49?4 4

Hkakmh @{t Atkkh`lz A`{mhoxe`mz# Emj-

E-

Oyykccomx# Hkakmh @{t Atkkh`lz A`{mhoxe`mz# Emj-# Emj`ty`toxkz Du

Tkaktkmjk Jktxoem Y`txe`mz à xfk Tkcoxkh Tkycu Dteka à Oyykccomx# @tcu

Xoexw# em Xfkzk J`mz`cehoxkh Oyykocz

Xfk oyykocz du Hkakmhomx omh Oyykccomx# HKAKMH @[T ATKKH@LZ

A@[MHOXE@MZ# EMJ- &H@AA%# omh Hkakmhomx omh Oyykccomx# @TCU XOEXW

&Xoexw% &j`cckjxeqkcu Hkakmhomxz%# foqk dkkm j`mz`cehoxkh-

Ojj`thembcu# a`t xfk zonk à kaaejekmju omh j`mqkmekmjk à xfk J`{tx à

Oyykocz# H@AA emj`ty`toxkz du tkaktkmjk oz xf`{bf a{ccu zkx a`txf fktkem xfk

a`cc`remb zkjxe`mz à Xoexwz tkycu dteka7

E- Z{llotu à Otb{lkmx>

EE- Oyykoc Lou Dk Xonkm at`l xfk @thkt Hkmuemb Hkakmhomxz Omxe,ZCOYY

L`xe`m>

EEE- Oz Hkxktlemkh em xfk Hezxtejx J`{txz @thkt# xfk Btomxemb à Ycoemxeaaz

L`xe`m a`t Ckoqk x` Aeck Xfket Aetzx Olkmhkh J`lycoemx ez Emhkykmhkmx At`l omh

Ettkckqomx x` exz Hkmeoc à Hkakmhomxz Omxe,ZCOYY L`xe`m> omh

EQ- Xfk Hezxtejx J`{tx# oz o Loxxkt à Cor# Kttkh em J`mjc{hemb xfox

Hkakmhomxz Heh M`x Lkkx Xfket D{thkm [mhkt Zkjxe`m 84;-?1&d% x` Zf`r xfox

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/?5/49?4 EH7 6?82946 HnxKmxtu7 :;,? Yobk7 4 à :4

42



28/57


Ycoemxeaaz J`lycoemx Otezkz @{x à Hkakmhomxz Ojxz em A{txfktomjk à Xfket

Tebfxz à Ykxexe`m `t Atkk Zykkjf em J`mmkjxe`m rexf o Y{dcej Ezz{k-

EE-

Xfk Hezxtejx J`{tx# oz o Loxxkt à Cor# Kttkh em J`mjc{hemb xfox Ycoemxeaaz

Lkx Xfket D{thkm [mhkt Jocea`tmeo J`hk à Jeqec Yt`jkh{tk Zkjxe`m

84;-?1&d%&?% x` Hkl`mzxtoxk o Yt`dodecexu a Ytkqoecemb oz Oboemzx Oyykccomxz

O- Oz o loxxkt à cor# Ycoemxeaaz heh m`x lkkx xfket d{thkm {mhkt

zkjxe`m 84;-?1&d%&?% x` hkl`mzxtoxk xfk ckboc z{aaejekmju a xfket

J`lycoemx rfktk xfku lohk o g{hejeoc ohlezze`m xfox xfk

J`lycoemx roz ckboccu emz{aaejekmx

?- Ycoemxeaaz ohlexxkh xfox xfket J`lycoemx roz

ckboccu emz{aaejekmx omh# xf{z# oz o loxxkt à cor#

heh m`x lkkx xfket d{thkm {mhkt zkjxe`m

84;-?1&d%

Zkjxe`m 84;-?1&d% &?% tkq{etkz o Ycoemxeaa x` kzxodcezf xfox xfktk ez o

yt`dodecexu xfox xfk ycoemxeaa recc ytkoec `m xfk jcoel- O ycoemxeaaz d{thkm {mhkt

xfk zkj`mh yt`mb à zkjxe`m 84;-?1&d% ez xr`,a`ch7 $^X\fk ycoemxeaa "l{zx

hkl`mzxtoxk xfox xfk j`lycoemx ez d`xfckboccu z{aaejekmxomh z{yy`txkh du oz{aaejekmx ytelo aojek zf`remb à aojxz x` z{zxoem o ao`todck g{hblkmx ea xfk

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/?5/49?4 EH7 6?82946 HnxKmxtu7 :;,? Yobk7 : à :4

46



29/57


kehkmjk z{dlexxkh du xfk ycoemxeaa ez jtkhexkh-"$Loxz`m q- Hq`ton# 89 Joc-Oyy-8xf

;:5# ;86 &?55;%> klyfozez ohhkh- T`zkmo{t q- Zjfktkt# 66 Joc-Oyy-8xf 419# 428

&499?%-

Oz o loxxkt à cor# ex ez emz{aaejekmx a`t o ycoemxeaa x` lktkcu otb{k xfox ex foz

lohk om kehkmxeotu zf`remb à lktex em `yy`zexe`m x` om omxe,ZCOYY l`xe`m-

^X\fk ycoemxeaa l{zx hkl`mzxtoxk xfox xfk j`lycoemx ez d`xf ckboccu z{aaejekmx omh

z{yy`txkh du o z{aaejekmx ytelo aojek zf`remb à aojxz x` z{zxoem o ao`todck

g{hblkmx ea xfk kehkmjk z{dlexxkh du xfk ycoemxeaa ez jtkhexkh- Xo{z q- Càx{z# 89

Joc-8xf 16:# 2?:,2?8 &4992%-

$Xf{z# ^xfk m`m,lèmb yotxu"z\ d{thkm oz x` xfk zkj`mh yt`mb à xfk omxe,

ZCOYY xkzx ez onem x` xfox à o yotxu `yy`zemb o l`xe`m a`t z{llotu g{hblkmx-$

Moqkccekt q- Zckxxkm# ?91 Joc-Oyy-8xf 21:# 216 &499:%-

Ycoemxeaaz ohlexxkh xfox xfku heh m`x zoxezau xfez aetzx tkq{etklkmx à xfket

d{thkm7

Xfk zkj`mh yt`mb ez rfkxfkt xfk Ycoemxeaaz fok

hkl`mzxtoxkh o yt`dodecexu à ytkoecemb `m xfk jcoel-

Ycoemxeaaz obtkk xfku l{zx olkmh xfket J`lycoemx x`

dtemb ex em j`lyceomjk rexf xfk Jocea`tmeo Corz- ^? KT#

?4;7 ;,6> klyfozez ohhkh-\

Ycoemxeaaz em xfket OD &y- 8?% ojnm`rckhbk xfku ohlexxkh xfku mkkhkh x`

olkmh xfket j`lycoemx---- Xfku fok# xf{z# ohlexxkh xfox xfku heh m`x lkkx xfket


45



30/57

Cedkte q H@AA Tkycu x` Oyykcckkz" dteka 5xf jetj{ex 98-?5-49?4 :

d{thkm {mhkt 84;-?1&d%&?% x` hkl`mzxtoxk xfk ckboc z{aaejekmju à xfket

J`lycoemx- Xfez g{hejeoc ohlezze`m tkq{etkh# oz o loxxkt à cor# xfox xfk omxe,

ZCOYY l`xe`m dk btomxkh-Loxz`m# z{yto# 89 Joc-Oyy-8xf ox ;86- T`zkmo{t#

z{yto# 66 Joc-Oyy-8xf ox 428- Xo{z# z{yto# 89 Joc-8xf ox 2?:,2?8-

Ycoemxeaaz otb{k xfox rfktk xfku rktk btomxkh ckok x` aeck xfket AOJ# xfku

rktk tkcekkh à foemb x` lkkx xfket d{thkm {mhkt zkjxe`m 84;-?1&d%- &OD# 8?,84-%

Kzzkmxeoccu# ykt Ycoemxeaaz# rfkxfkt xfku lkx xfez d{thkm oz x` xfket J`lycoemx ez

ettkckomx rfktk xfk J`{tx occ`rkh xfk AOJ x` dk aeckh-

Ycoemxeaaz otb{lkmx lebfx fok z`lk ocehexu eaxfk J`{tx y{tz{omx x`

Qktew`m omh Qkzz foh hkklkh xfk omxe,ZCOYY l`xe`m l``x- F`rkkt# xfox ez m`x

rfox `jj{ttkh- Ocxf`{bf xfk J`{tx em exz xkmxoxek t{cemb roz ytkyotkh x` hkkl

Hkakmhomxz l`xe`m l``x# em cebfx à Ycoemxeaaz l`xe`m# exz aemoc t{cemb ytèhkz xfk

`yy`zexk> xfk J`{tx kvycejexcu oyycekh d`xf yt`mbz à xfk omxe,ZCOYY zxox{xk x` xfk

J`lycoemx x` {cxeloxkcu hkmu zoeh l`xe`m- ^? KT# 8,5 omh 4;,45-\

Xfk J`{tx em exz aemoc `thkt ^? KT# 8,5\ zykjeaejoccu t{ckh `m xfk lktexz à xfk

omxe,ZCOYY l`xe`m# rexf`{x tkboth x` Ycoemxeaaz l`xe`m a`t ckok x` aeck xfket

AOJ- Xf{z# xfk J`{tx kvycejexcu heh m`x aemh xfk omxe,ZCOYY l`xe`m x` dk

ytklox{tk `t l``x em omu tkzykjx# emjc{hemb {mhkt Qktew`m `t Qkzz-

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/?5/49?4 EH7 6?82946 HnxKmxtu7 :;,? Yobk7 ; à :4

:9

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 :9 à ;2


31/57


Xf{z# a`t xfkzk tkoz`mz# Ycoemxeaaz otb{lkmx ez emj`ttkjx- Rfktk xfk J`{tx

zykjeaejoccu ohhtkzzkh omh t{ckh `m Ycoemxeaaz d{thkm {mhkt zkjxe`m 84;-?1&d%# xfku

rktk tkq{etkh x` zoxezau xfox d{thkm- Oz zf`rm em Hkakmhomxz dteka fktkem# omh em

xfk J`{tx dkc`r# Ycoemxeaaz heh m`x lkkx xfket d{thkm-

L`tk`kt# oz o loxxkt à cor &omh c`bej%# Ycoemxeaaz j`{ch m`x omh heh m`x

zoxezau xfket d{thkm rfktk xfku ohlexxkh xfox xfket J`lycoemx roz ckboccu

emz{aaejekmx- Xf{z# ex roz o ckboc omh c`bejoc ely`zzedecexu a`t Ycoemxeaaz x` fok

z{aaejekmxcu lohk o ytelo aojek zf`remb à aojxz xfox r`{ch# ea yt`kh# z{yy`tx o

g{hblkmx em xfket ao`t ^? KT# 6\ rfktk xfket `yktoxek yckohemb &xfk J`lycoemx%

roz ckboccu emz{aaejekmx-

4- Ycoemxeaaz aoeckh x` lkkx xfket d{thkm x`

hkl`mzxtoxk xfox xfket J`lycoemx omh kojf à

exz jcoelz rktk ckboccu z{aaejekmx {mhkt zkjxe`m

84;-?1&d%o- Ycoemxeaaz , du xfket zeckmjk em xfket

dteka , ohlex xfox xfket J`{mx

@mk# a`t Qe`coxe`m à xfk Aetzx

omh A`{txkkmxf Olkmhlkmx zej\ a


:?

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 :? à ;2


32/57

Cedkte q H@AA Tkycu x` Oyykcckkz" dteka 5xf jetj{ex 98-?5-49?4 ;

xfk [mexkh Zxoxkz J`mzxex{e`m zej\#

ez ckboccu emz{aaejekmxYcoemxeaaz" aetzx jcoel a`t tkceka foz m` ckboc dozez- ^4 KT# :??,:?1-\ Xfk

A`{txkkmxf Olkmhlkmx jomm`x oyycu x` yteoxk j`mh{jx- Zfkccku q- Ntoklkt# ::8

[-Z- ?# ?: &?586%- Xfk Aetzx Olkmhlkmx h`kz m`x oyycu x` yteoxk j`mh{jx kexfkt-

Tkmhkcc,Donkt q- N`fm# 8;2 [-Z- 6:9# 6:2 &?564%- Rfktk Ycoemxeaaz occkbk `mcu

yteoxk j`mh{jx# omh m`x tkq{etkh b`ktmlkmxoc emoze`m à yteoju# xfket aetzx

jcoel oz o loxxkt à cor l{zx aoec-

Ycoemxeaaz aetzx jcoel ez ocz` dozkh `m o lezf,lozf à ote`{z Jocea`tmeo#

Ykmmzucomeo omh akhktoc zxox{xkz- ^4 KT# :?8,:?;-\ Oz hkl`mzxtoxkh em

Hkakmhomxz @D# m`mk à xfkzk corz z{yy`tx Ycoemxeaaz jcoel- A`t kvolyck#

Jocea`tmeo Jeqec J`hk zkjxe`m ?256 kx zkq- &Jocea`tmeo"z Ema`tloxe m Ytojxejkz Ojx

à ?522% tkq{etkz b`qktmlkmx obkmjekz x` yt`xkjx xfk yteoju à yktz`moc

ema`tloxe`m loemxoemkh du zxoxk obkmjekz-

Xfktk ez m` hezj{zze`m `t jexoxe`m x` ckboc o{xf`texu em Ycoemxeaaz OD

tkbothemb xfket aetzx jcoel a`t tkceka- Xf{z# xfku fok ohlexxkh du xfket zeckmjk xfox

xfku heh m`x lkkx xfket d{thkm {mhkt 84;-?1&d% `m xfez jcoel-


:4



33/57


d- Ycoemxeaaz J`{mx Xr`# a`t

Hkaoloxe`mYkt Zk# Zcomhkt omh

Cedkc# ez ckboccu emz{aaejekmx

Ycoemxeaaz j`ll`m cor jcoelz otk dozkh `m Jocea`tmeo cor# beqkm xfox xfk

jozk ez ykmhemb em Jocea`tmeo omh Hkakmhomxz otk occkbkh x` dk# omh otk# tkzehkmxz

omh jexewkmz à Jocea`tmeo-Ktek Toectòh J`- q- X`lynemz# :98 [-Z- 18# 26 &?5:6%-

Xf{z# Ycoemxeaaz j`ll`m cor jcoelz a`t hkaoloxe`m ykt zk# zcomhkt omh cedkc otk

dozkh `m Jocea`tmeo cor- ^4 KT# :?2,:49-\ Oboem# Ycoemxeaaz obtkk xfku l{zx

olkmh xfket J`lycoemx x` dtemb ex em j`lyceomjk rexf xfk Jocea`tmeo Corz- ^? KT#

?4;7 ;,6-\ Xf{z# ykt Ycoemxeaaz# xfket zkj`mh jcoel aoecz x` zxoxk o z{aaejekmx jcoel

{mhkt Jocea`tmeo cor-

Xfktk ez m` z{dzxomxeqk hezj{zze`m em Ycoemxeaaz OD à xfk kcklkmxz à o

hkaoloxe`mykt zk jcoel# m`t à omu kqehkmjk z{dlexxkh du Ycoemxeaaz x` z{yy`tx xfk

zkj`mh yt`mb à xfket d{thkm x` ytkzkmx z{aaejekmx ytelo aojek zf`remb à aojxz x`

z{zxoem o aoq`todck g{hblkmx ea xfk kqehkmjk z{dlexxkh du xfk ycoemxeaa ez jtkhexkh-"$

Loxz`m#z{yto# 89 Joc-Oyy-8xf ox ;86-

j- Ycoemxeaaz J`{mx Xftkk# a`t

Aoczk,Cebfx Emqoze`m a Yteqoju#

ez ckboccu emz{aaejekmx


::

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 :: à ;2


34/57


Ycoemxeaaz xfeth jcoel ez dozkh `m Jocea`tmeo cor- ^4 KT# :49,:4:-\Ktek

Toectòh J`-# z{yto# :98 [-Z- ox 26- Rfktk Ycoemxeaaz obtkk xfku l{zx olkmh xfket

J`lycoemx x` dtemb ex em j`lyceomjk rexf xfk Jocea`tmeo Corz# xfket xfeth jcoel

aoecz x` zxoxk o z{aaejekmx jcoel {mhkt Jocea`tmeo cor-

Xfk emz{aaejekmju à Ycoemxeaaz xfeth jcoel ez hkl`mzxtoxkh em hkxoec em

Oyykccomxz omxe,ZCOYY l`xe`m omh z{yy`txemb yoyktz- F`rkqkt# Ycoemxeaaz

g{hejeoc ohlezze`m xfox z{jf jcoel ez emz{aaejekmx ez demhemb- Olktejom Xexck Emz-

J`-# z{yto# 61? A-4h ox 441- Ycoemxeaaz g{hejeoc ohlezze`m ez hezy`zexeqk em

kzxodcezfemb xfket aoec{tk x` zoxezau xfket d{thkm {mhkt zkjxe`m 84;-?1&d% x`

hkl`mzxtoxk xfk ckboc z{aaejekmju à xfket xfeth jcoel-Loxz`m# z{yto# 89

Joc-Oyy-8xf ox ;86- T`zkmo{t# z{yto# 66 Joc-Oyy-8xf ox 428-

h- Ycoemxeaaz J`{mx A`{t# a`t

Fotozzlkmx# ez ckboccu emz{aaejekmx

oz rkcc oz m`x dkemb o ckboccu,

j`bmewodck jcoel

Ycoemxeaaz a`{txf jcoel ez a`t fotozzlkmx- ^4 KT# :4:,:41-\ Xfktk ez m`

ckboccu,j`bmewodck jcoel a`t tkceka a`t holobkz kmxexckh fotozzlkmx- Ea omh x` xfk

kvxkmx xfktk ez z{jf o ckboccu,j`bmewodck jcoel &celexkh x` emg{mjxeqk tkceka%# ex

r`{ch dk dozkh `m Jocea`tmeo cor- Jocea`tmeo J`hk à Jeqec Yt`jkh{tk zkjxe`m


:8



35/57


;42-1-Ktek Toectòh J`-# z{yto# :98 [-Z- ox 26- Ycoemxeaaz zkkn holobkz `m xfez

jcoel- ^4 KT# :48-\ Rfktk Ycoemxeaaz obtkk xfku l{zx olkmh xfket J`lycoemx x`

dtemb ex em j`lyceomjk rexf xfk Jocea`tmeo Corz# xfket a`{txf jcoel aoecz x` zxoxk o

z{aaejekmx jcoel {mhkt Jocea`tmeo cor-

Xfk emz{aaejekmju à Ycoemxeaaz a`{txf jcoel ez hkl`mzxtoxkh em hkxoec em

Hkakmhomxz omxe,ZCOYY l`xe`m omh z{yy`txemb yoyktz- F`rkqkt# Ycoemxeaaz



kzxodcezfemb xfket aoec{tk x` zoxezau xfket d{thkm {mhkt 84;-?1&d% x` hkl`mzxtoxk

xfk ckboc z{aaejekmju à xfket a`{txf jcoel-Loxz`m# z{yto# 89 Joc-Oyy-8xf ox ;86-

T`zkmo{t# z{yto# 66 Joc-Oyy-8xf ox 428-

k- Ycoemxeaaz J`{mx Aeqk# a`t Aoczk

Hkzebmoxe`mz omh Hkzjteyxe`mz à

Aojxz# ez ckboccu emz{aaejekmx

Ycoemxeaaz aeaxf jcoel ez a`t aoczk hkzebmoxe`mz omh hkzjteyxe`mz à aojxz- ^4

KT# :41,:45-\ Ycoemxeaaz jexk x` ?; [-Z-J- ??4; oz z{yy`txemb xfez jcoel- ^4 KT#

:42-\ Xfez zkjxe`m ez yotx à xfk [mexkh Zxoxkz Xtohklotn Ojx- Zkjxe`m ??4;&o%&?%

tkaktz x`7

Omu yktz`m rf`# `m `t em j`mmkjxe`m rexf omu b``hz `t

zktqejkz# `t omu j`mxoemkt a`t b``hz# {zkz em j`llktjk

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/?5/49?4 EH7 6?82946 HnxKmxtu7 :;,? Yobk7 ?9 à :4

:;

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 :; à ;2


36/57

Cedkte q H@AA Tkycu x` Oyykcckkz" dteka 5xf jetj{ex

98-?5-49?4 5

omu r`th# xktl# molk# zuld`c# `t hkejk# `t omu

j`ldemoxe`m xfktkà# `t omu aoczk hkzebmoxe`m à `tebem#

aoczk `t lezckohemb hkzjteyxe`m à aojx# `t aoczk `t

lezckohemb tkytkzkmxoxe`m a aojx----

Ycoemxeaaz aoec x` occkbk omu aojxz em xfez jcoel xfox Hkakmhomxz {zkh em

j`llktjk omu r`th---- oz tkq{etkh du ??4;&o%&?%- L`tk`kt# x` j`lk rexfem

8:&o% à xfk Comfol Ojx &?; [-Z-J- ??4;&o%%# j`ktkh ojxeexekz l{zx tkcoxk x`

b``hz `t zktejkz rfejf fok z`lk kaakjx `m emxktzxoxk `t a`tkebm j`llktjk

rexfem j`mxt`c à J`mbtkzz- Yotnrou Donemb J`- q Atkefàkt Donemb J`-# 4;; A-4h

18? &:th

Jetj- ?5;6%- Jozflktk ! Jolkc Foet Latz- Emzx- q Zonz Aeaxf Oqk-# 468

A-:h :94 &?zx

Jetj- 4994%- Ycoemxeaaz em xfket aeaxf jcoel aoec x` occkbk xfez kzzkmxeoc

kcklkmx à ytèze`m à b``hz `t zktejkz em emxktzxoxk j`llktjk# `t omu kaakjx `m

emxktzxoxk j`llktjk-

J`mbtkzz" y{ty`zk em kmojxemb 8:&o% à xfk Comfol Ojx roz x` jtkoxk o

zykjeoc omh celexkh {maoet j`lykxexe`m tklkhu kvjc{zekcu x` yt`xkjx xfk emxktkzxz

à o y{tkcu j`llktjeoc jcozz oboemzx {mzjt{y{c`{z j`llktjeoc j`mh{jx- J`ccebom q

Ojxeqexekz Jc{d à Mkr U`tn# Cxh-# 884 A-4h 161 &4mh

Jetj- ?52?%- Ycoemxeaaz aoec x`

occkbk omu aojxz kzxodcezfemb xfk kzzkmxeoc kcklkmx à {maoet j`lykxexe`m oz dkxrkkm

xfkl omh Hkakmhomxz# m`t xfox Hkakmhomxz kmbobkh em omu {mzjt{y{c`{z

j`llktjeoc j`mh{jx-

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/?5/49?4 EH7 6?82946 HnxKmxtu7 :;,? Yobk7 ?? à :4

:1



37/57

Cedkte q H@AA Tkycu x` Oyykcckkz" dteka 5xf jetj{ex 98-?5-49?4 ?9

Xf{z# Ycoemxeaaz aoeckh x` zoxezau xfket d{thkm {mhkt 84;-?1&d% x`

hkl`mzxtoxk xfk ckboc z{aaejekmju à xfket aeaxf jcoel-Loxz`m# z{yto# 89

Joc-Oyy-8xf ox ;86- T`zkmo{t# z{yto# 66 Joc-Oyy-8xf ox 428-

a- Ycoemxeaaz J`{mx Zev# a`t

Emg{mjxeqk Tkceka # ez ckboccu

emz{aaejekmx omh ez m`x o zkyotoxk

jcoel a`t tkceka

Ycoemxeaaz zevxf jcoel ez a`t emg{mjxeqk tkceka- ^4 KT# :45,::4-\ Xfez ez m`x

o zkyotoxk jcoel a`t tkceka> ex ez lktkcu o xuyk à tklkhu hkykmhkmx {y`m xfk

kvezxkmjk à o zkyotoxk# z{yy`txemb jcoel a`t tkceka- Jexu à Z`{xf Yozohkmo q-

Hkyotxlkmx à Xtomzy`txoxe`m# 45 Joc-Oyy-8xf ?469# ?45: &?558%- Oz hezj{zzkh

fktkem# omh hkl`mzxtoxkh em Hkakmhomxz omxe,ZCOYY l`xe`m omh z{yy`txemb

yoyktz# Ycoemxeaaz aoeckh x` zxoxk omu z{aaejekmx jcoel {y`m rfejf xfket zevxf jcoel

j`{ch dk dozkh-

A{txfkt# ex oyykotz xfox Ycoemxeaaz zevxf jcoel ez

dozkh `m Jocea`tmeo cor- Ktek Toectòh J`-# z{yto# :98 [-Z- ox 26-

Rfktk Ycoemxeaaz obtkk xfku l{zx olkmh xfket J`lycoemx x` dtemb ex em j`lyceomjk

rexf xfk Jocea`tmeo Corz# xfket zevxf jcoel aoecz x` zxoxk o z{aaejekmx jcoel {mhkt

Jocea`tmeo cor-


:2



38/57


Xfk emz{aaejekmju à Ycoemxeaaz zevxf jcoel ez hkl`mzxtoxkh em hkxoec em

Hkakmhomxz omxe,ZCOYY l`xe`m omh z{yy`txemb yoyktz- F`rkqkt# Ycoemxeaaz



kzxodcezfemb xfket aoec{tk x` zoxezau xfket d{thkm {mhkt 84;-?1&d% x` hkl`mzxtoxk

xfk ckboc z{aaejekmju à xfket zevxf jcoel-Loxz`m# z{yto# 89 Joc-Oyy-8xf ox ;86-

T`zkmo{t# z{yto# 66 Joc-Oyy-8xf ox 428-

D- Oz o loxxkt a cor# Ycoemxeaaz heh m`x lkkx xfket d{thkm

{mhkt zkjxe`m 84;-?1&d%&?% x` hkl`mzxtoxk xfk ckboc

z{aaejekmju a xfket J`lycoemx , dozkh m occkbkh hektzexu

g{tezhejxe`m , rfktk xfku aoeckh x` yckoh aojxz kzxodcezfemb

hektzexu omh x` aeck yt`à à xfket zxoxk jexewkmzfey oz

tkq{etkh du xfk Hezxtejx J`{tx

Ycoemxeaaz occkbkh xfox heqktzexu g{tezhejxe`m {mhkt 46 [-Z-J- ?::4&o%

kvezxkh rfktk Ycoemxeaaz rktk jexewkmz à Ykmmzucqomeo# Mkr Gktzku omh @ncof`lo#

omh kojf Hkakmhomx roz o jexewkm à `xfkt zxoxkz# emjc{hemb Jocea`tmeo &a`t Xoexw

omh H@AA%- ^? KT# 4;;-\ Ycoemxeaaz occkbkh xfox Cedkte ez om oh{cx emheqeh{oc rexf o

d{zemkzz ohhtkzz à ;;; Omh`tto Bckm J`{tx# Z{exk ?4# Coaoukxxk# YO---- ^?KT#

4;;-\

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/?5/49?4 EH7 6?82946 HnxKmxtu7 :;,? Yobk7 ?: à :4

:6



39/57

Cedkte q H@AA Tkycu x` Oyykcckkz" dteka 5xf jetj{ex 98-?5-49?4 :

Ycoemxeaaz aoeckh x` occkbk xfox Cedkte roz o jexewkm à Ykmmzucqomeo &`t omu

`xfkt zxoxk%# du qetx{k à tkzehemb em Ykmmzucqomeo# d{x lktkcu xfox zfk foh o

d{zemkzz ohhtkzz em Ykmmzucqomeo &e-k-# xfk ohhtkzz à Ycoemxeaaz j`{mzkc%-

[mhkt xfk xktlz à Cedktez yt`doxe`m# zfk roz occ`rkh x` tkzehk em `mcu xr`

zxoxkz , Jocea`tmeo omh Mkr Lkvej`- ^? KT# ?5;,498-\ Xf{z# ex r`{ch foqk dkkm o

qe`coxe`m à fkt yt`doxe`m a`t Cedkte x` foqk tkzehkh em Ykmmzucqomeo-

Hkakmhomxz xf{z jfocckmbkh Ycoemxeaaz emz{aaejekmx heqktzexu g{tezhejxe`m

occkboxe`mz ox xfk `{xzkx à xfez jozk# emjc{hemb dka`tk F`m`todck Hezxtejx J`{tx

G{hbk Kh{oth` J- T`dtkm`- Em O{b{zx 4995# G{hbk T`dtkm` j`mh{jxkh om

kqehkmxeotu fkotemb ox rfejf fk `thktkh# omh Ycoemxeaaz obtkkh# xfox xfku l{zx aeck

yt`à à xfket zxoxk jexewkmzfey em `thkt x` kzxodcezf heqktzexu g{tezhejxe`m- ^? ZKT#

TX ?1,?5$-\ Cedkte xkzxeaekh {mhkt òxf xfox zfk r`{ch aeck fkt ehkmxeauemb

ema`tloxe`m- ^? ZKT# TX 82$-\

CEDKTE FOZ QE@COXKH G[HBK T@DTKM@Z @THKT RFKTK

ZFK FOZ AOECKH X@ AECK FKT EHKMXEAUEMB EMA@TLOXE@M

MKJKZZOTU X@ KZXODCEZF HEQKTZEXU G[TEZHEJXE@M FKTKEM- ^?

KT# ?12# ?15,?29-\

Ojj`thembcu# em xfket omxe,ZCOYY l`xe`m# Hkakmhomxz jfocckmbkh Ycoemxeaaz

occkboxe`mz à heqktzexu g{tezhejxe`m y{tz{omx x` Akh- T- Jeq- Y- ?4&d%&?%#


:5



40/57


yotxej{cotcu rfktk Cedkte j`{ch m`x ckboccu tkzehk em omu zxoxk `xfkt xfom Jocea`tmeo

`t Mkr Lkvej`- ^? KT# ?11,?29-\ Xfez emjc{hkz Ykmmzucqomeo rfktk Cedkte

occkbkhcu loemxoemkh o d{zemkzz ohhtkzz- ^?KT# 4;;-\ Xfk Hezxtejx J`{tx hkmekh

xfk omxe,ZCOYY l`xe`m# emjc{hemb `m cojn à heqktzexu g{tezhejxe`m bt`{mhz- ^? KT#

8,5-\

Ycoemxeaaz m`r ozzktx xfox Cedkte ez h`lejeckh em Mkr Lkvej`# omh xfox zfk

yt`qehkh G{hbk T`dtkm` rexf fkt Mkr Lkvej` Hteqktz Cejkmzk# Z`jeoc Zkj{texu

jothz# omh detxf jktxeaejoxk- Xfku j`mxkmh xfox G{hbk T`dtkm` a`{mh# g{zx cenk xfk

Hezxtejx J`{tx em xfez Oyykoc# xfox g{tezhejxe`m roz heqktzeaekh- &OD# ?8-%

Ycoemxeaaz lezz xfk yèmx- Heqktzexu ez hkxktlemkh ox xfk xelk xfk ojxe`m ez

aeckh- Xf{z# o jfombk à o yotxuz jexewkmzfey oaxkt j`llkmjklkmx à xfk ojxe`m

h`kz m`x oaakjx ezz{kz tkbothemb heqktzexu g{tezhejxe`m-Ckrez q- Ckrez# :;6 A-4h

85;# ;94 &5xf

Jet- ?511%- O jfombk em jexewkmzfey oaxkt om ojxe`m ez j`llkmjkh h`kz

m`x j{tk o hkakjx em j`lyckxk heqktzexu kvezxemb rfkm xfk ojxe`m ez aeckh- Zoohkf q-

Aot`{ne# ?92 A-:h ;4# ;1,;2 &HJ Jet- ?552%-

$Xfk kzzkmxeoc kcklkmxz à heqktzexu g{tezhejxe`m# emjc{hemb xfk heqktzk

tkzehkmjk à occ yotxekz# l{zx dk oaaetloxeqkcu occkbkh em xfk yckohembz-$Em tk

Lkvej` Jexu Oetjtozf# 296 A-4h 899# 898 m-8 &5xf Jet- ?56:%- Ex ez xf{z o Ycoemxeaaz

d{thkm x` oaaetloxeqkcu yckoh heqktzexu g{tezhejxe`m-Edeh-

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/?5/49?4 EH7 6?82946 HnxKmxtu7 :;,? Yobk7 ?; à :4

89



41/57

Cedkte q H@AA Tkycu x` Oyykcckkz" dteka 5xf jetj{ex 98-?5-49?4 ;

Ycoemxeaaz aoeckh x` occkbk z{aaejekmx aojxz em xfket J`lycoemx oaaetloxekcu

kzxodcezfemb hektzexu g{tezhejxe`m ox xfk xelk ex roz aeckh &Lou 4995%# emjc{hemb

rexf tkboth x` Cedktez jexewkmzfey- Ycoemxeaaz heh m`x yckoh xfox Cedkte roz o

tkzehkmx à Mkr Lkvej` `t omu `xfkt zxoxk- Oz o loxxkt à cor# occkboxe`mz xfox

Cedkte loemxoemkh o d{zemkzz ohhtkzz em Ykmmzucomeo &ox Ycoemxeaaz j`{mzkcz

àaejkz% roz emz{aaejekmx- ^?KT# 4;;-\ Xfk J`lycoemx ez zeckmx oz x` xfk jt{jeoc aojx

à Cedktez tkzehkmjk em Lou 4995# mkjkzzotu x` kzxodcezf hektzexu g{tezhejxe`m- Em

tk Lkvej` Jexu Oetjtozf# z{yto# 296 A-4h ox 898 m-8-

Ycoemxeaaz oxxklyx x` lonk o hezxemjxe`m dkxrkkm o yktz`mz tkzehkmjk omh fez

`t fkt h`lejeck- Nomxkt q- Rotmkt,Coldktx J`-# 41; A-:h 6;:# 6;2 &5xf

Jet- 499?%-

Xfez hezxemjxe`m ez ettkckomx fktkem rfktk xfku aoeckh x` occkbk omu Ycoemxeaaz

h`lejeck em xfk J`lycoemx- Rexf tkboth x` Cedkte# xfktk ez lktkcu om elyt`ykt

occkboxe`m# aoecemb x` kzxodcezf hektzexu g{tezhejxe`m dozkh `m h`lejeck `t omu

`xfkt dozez# od`{x fkt d{zemkzz ohhtkzz em Ykmmzucomeo- ^? KT# 4;;-\

Tkcoxkhcu# Ycoemxeaaz otb{lkmx xfox Cedkte ytkzkmxcu tkzehkz em Mkr Lkvej`

ez ettkckomx- Ycoemxeaaz rktk tkq{etkh x` oaaetloxekcu kzxodcezf hektzexu

g{tezhejxe`m em xfket J`lycoemx- Xfk J`lycoemx ez zeckmx oz x` Cedktez zxoxk a

tkzehkmjk- Xfox hektzexu g{tezhejxe`m lebfx m`r kvezx h`kz m`x lkom xfox ex kvezxkh


8?

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 8? à ;2


42/57


rfkm xfk J`lycoemx roz aeckh em Lou 4995- Xfk J`{tx heh m`x tkxtòjxekcu

ojq{etk hektzexu g{tezhejxe`m du etx{k à Cedkte coxkt tkzehemb em Mkr Lkvej`-

Ckrez# z{yto# :;6 A-4h ox ;94- Zoohkf# z{yto# ?92 A-:h ox ;1,;2-

L`tk`kt# Ycoemxeaaz aoeckh x` z{dlex omu yt`à xfox Cedkte ytèhkh G{hbk

T`dtkm` rexf omu h`j{lkmxz kzxodcezfemb tkzehkmjk em Mkr Lkvej`- Em xfez tkboth#

Hkakmhomxz otk ytèhemb xfk tky`txktz xtomzjteyx à xfk O{b{zx 4995 fkotemb

dka`tk G{hbk T`dtkm`- ^? ZKT# :,?9:-\ Xfktk ez m` emhejoxe`m xfox Ycoemxeaaz

ytèhkh omu yt`à à Cedktez tkzehkmjk- Ocz`# xfktk ez m` t{cemb `t kkm

j`llkmxz du G{hbk T`dtkm` oz x` hektzexu g{tezhejxe`m dkemb kzxodcezfkh-

Oz hkl`mzxtoxkh# Ycoemxeaaz aoeckh x` lkkx xfket d{thkm xfox hektzexu

g{tezhejxe`m kvezxkh# yotxej{cotcu oz x` Cedkte- Ycoemxeaaz xf{z aoeckh x` lkkx xfket

d{thkm {mhkt zkjxe`m 84;-?1&k% x` hkl`mzxtoxk xfox xfk j`lycoemx ez d`xf ckboccu

z{aaejekmx omh z{yy`txkh du o z{aaejekmx ytelo aojek zf`remb à aojxz x` z{zxoem o

ao`todck g{hblkmx ea xfk kehkmjk z{dlexxkh du xfk ycoemxeaa ez jtkhexkh- Xo{z#

z{yto# 89 Joc-8xf ox 2?:,2?8-

J- Ycoemxeaaz heh m`x lkkx xfket d{thkm {mhkt zkjxe`m 84;-?1&d% x`

ytkzkmx j`lykxkmx omh ohlezzedck kqehkmjk z{aaejekmx x` z{zxoem o

g{hblkmx em xfket aoq`t `m xfk J`lycoemx


84



43/57


O ycoemxeaaz d{thkm {mhkt zkjxe`m 84;-?1&d% emjc{hkz x` lonk o ytelo aojek

zf`remb qeo j`lykxkmx omh ohlezzedck kqehkmjk à aojxz z{aaejekmx x` z{zxoem o

aoq`todck g{hblkmx-Loxz`m# z{yto# 89 Joc-Oyy-8xf ox ;86- T`zkmo{t# z{yto# 66

Joc-Oyy-8xf ox 428-

Oz hkl`mzxtoxkh em Hkakmhomxz dteka# Ycoemxeaaz heh m`x zoxezau xfox d{thkm

rfktk xfku aoeckh x` z{dlex j`lykxkmx `t ohlezzedck kqehkmjk z{yy`txemb xfket

`yy`zexe`m- Xfktk ez m` hezj{zze`m em Ycoemxeaaz OD oz x` xfk z{aaejekmju à xfk

kqehkmjk &Cedktez omh Dktbz hkjcotoxe`mz% em `yy`zexe`m x` Hkakmhomxz l`xe`m-

Xf{z# Ycoemxeaaz du xfket zeckmjk xojexcu ohlex xfox xfket kqehkmjk roz emz{aaejekmx x`

lkkx xfket d{thkm {mhkt zkjxe`m 84;-?1&d%-Lkkfom# z{yto# 6;1 A-4h ox ?91 m-?-

J`ccemz# z{yto# 68? A-4h ox ::5-

EEE-

J`mxtotu x` Ycoemxeaaz [mz{yy`txkh J`mxkmxe`mz# Hkakmhomxz @ykmemb Dtekaz

Otk M`x Dozkh `m Mkr Otb{lkmxz# Mkr Zxoxklkmxz# omh Mkr Hkakmzkz#

M`t H` xfk @ykmemb Dtekaz J`mxoem Elyt`ykt Jexoxe`mz x` xfk Tkj`th

Ycoemxeaaz hkq`xk memk yobkz à xfket OD &ybz- 4?,45% x` xfk zykje`{z

otb{lkmx xfox Hkakmhomxz `ykmemb dtekaz otk dozkh `m mkr hkakmzkz omh

otb{lkmxz oz rkcc oz xfox Hkakmhomxz jexoxe`mz x` xfk tkj`th `m oyykoc otk


8:

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 8: à ;2


44/57


elyt`ykt jexoxe`mz--- ^xfox\ h` m`x zxoxk `t tkackjx xfk zxoxklkmxz jcoelkh du Xoexw

omh H@AA- &OD# 4? omh 41-%

Ycoemxeaaz lohk xfez zolk otb{lkmx em xfket {mz{jjkzza{c l`xe`m x` zxtenk

Hkakmhomxz `ykmemb dtekaz omh hezlezz xfk oyykocz- Ycoemxeaaz otb{lkmx zf`{ch

&oboem% dk tkgkjxkh-

Ycoemxeaaz aoec x` ehkmxeau omu y{ty`txkh mkr hkakmzkz omh otb{lkmxz-

Xf{z# ex ez heaaej{cx &omh z`lkxelkz ely`zzedck% a`t Xoexw x` ohhtkzz Ycoemxeaaz

j`mxkmxe`mz rfktk xfku aoec x` ehkmxeau xfk y{ty`txkh mkr otb{lkmxz-

H@AA recc oxxklyx x` ohhtkzz Ycoemxeaaz j`mxkmxe`mz em xfk `thkt xfku oyykot

x` dk toezkh em xfk OD- Ycoemxeaaz aetzx occkbkh mkr hkakmzkz omh otb{lkmx

emq`cqkz7

Em Xoexw omh H@AAz L`xe`m dka`tk xfk Hezxtejx J`{tx

rfejf ez xfk z{dgkjx à xfez Oyykoc# H@AA jcoelkh

Ycoemxeaaz/Oyykcckkz &zej% corz{ex roz aeckh x` celex

y{dcej yotxejeyoxe`m omh zykjeaejoccu x` zeckmjk xfk

hkakmhomxz# rf` otk rfezxck dc`rktz--- F`rkqkt# H@AA

mkqkt zxoxkh rfox xfk y{dcej yotxejeyoxe`m roz `t rfox ex

roz jcoelemb xfk y{dcej yotxejeyoxe`m roz `t rfox xfku

rktk dc`remb xfk z{yy`zkh rfezxck `m- &OD# 4?-%

X` xfk j`mxtotu# Hkakmhomxz omxe,ZCOYY L`xe`m jckotcu ehkmxeaekh xfket ojxz

em a{txfktomjk à xfk yktz`m"z tebfx à ykxexe`m `t atkk zykkjf {mhkt xfk [mexkh

Zxoxkz J`mzxex{xe`m `t xfk Jocea`tmeo J`mzxex{xe`m em j`mmkjxe`m rexf o y{dcej

ezz{k---- &Zkjxe`m 84;-?1&d%&?%-%


88



45/57


Oz kvycoemkh em Hkakmhomxz l`xe`m omh tkycu yoyktz# Xoexw `jj{yekz o

ckohktzfey y`zexe`m em xfk omxe,b`qktmlkmx y`cexejoc l`qklkmx emjc{hemb o

j`ly`mkmx à ex nm`rm oz xfk Detxfkt L`qklkmx- H@AA ez Xoexwz a`{mhoxe`m

xft`{bf rfejf h`moxe`mz otk `dxoemkh x` a{mh xfket y`cexejoc ojxeqexekz# a`j{zemb `m

cexeboxe`m moxe`mrehk emjc{hemb x` jfocckmbk xfk kcebedecexu a Ytkzehkmx @dolo-

Dktb ez ocz` yt`lemkmx aeb{tk em xfez y`cexejoc l`qklkmx-

A`t kvolyck# Hkakmhomxz em xfk J`{tx dkc`r otb{kh xfox Ycoemxeaaz jozk roz

aeckh x` celex y{dcej yotxejeyoxe`m omh zykjeaejoccu zeckmjk xfk hkakmhomxz# rf` otk

rfezxck dc`rktz# od`{x xfk aojx xfox Ykmmzucqomeo oxx`tmku Yfecey G- Dktb ez

klycùemb oz fez ckboc ozzezxomx o j`mqejxkh h`j{lkmx a`tbkt omh xfeka Cezo

Cedkte- ^? KT# ?;57 ?6,44-\

Hkakmhomxz yèmxkh `{x xfox Ycoemxeaaz jcoelkh xfox Ycoemxeaa @zxkcco roz

hkaolkh# rfkm Xoexw y{dcezfkh `m fkt rkdzexk# xfox fkt a`tlkt rkd lozxkt @zxkcco

c`jnkh Xoexw `{x à xfk `ch rkd zexk a`t fkt a`{mhoxe`m# Hkakmh @{t Atkkh`lz

A`{mhoxe`m omh tkycojkh Xoexwz you,yoc ojj`{mx rexf fkt `rm- ^? KT# ?197 5,

?4-\ Ycoemxeaaz zjfklk# x` zeckmjk Hkakmhomxz rfezxck,dc`remb ojxeqexekz omh

tkcoxkh zykkjf# jo{zkh omu h`moxe`m beqkm x` @zxkcco `t qeo you,yoc `m xfk `ch rkd

zexk--- r`{ch m`x b` x` xfk A`{mhoxe`m# d{x r`{ch b` x` @zxkcco- ^? KT# ?1?7 2,?9-\


8;

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 8; à ;2


46/57


Tkcoxkhcu# @zxkcco {zkh Hkakmh @{t Atkkh`lz A`{mhoxe`m rkd zexk x`

hkaolk Xoexw omh yt`l`xk om`xfkt oxx`tmku# Yfecey G- Dktb- Dktb ez kmbobkh em

moxe`mrehk a{mhtoezemb--- Oz lkldktz à xfk y{dcej rktk h`moxemb x` Dktb# xfku

foh x` dk rotmkh xfox o yktz`m rexf xfkax j`mqejxe`mz ez r`tnemb oz om ozzezxomx a`t

xfox oxx`tmku- ^? KT# ?147 48,42# omh ?1:7 2,?9-\ Xfez emq`cqkh om ely`txomx

ezz{k à y{dcej emxktkzx# omh om kaa`tx# du Xoexw# rf` ez xfk ytkzehkmx ^à H@AA\ omh

om àaejkt à xfk j`{tx x` yt`xkjx xfk h`m`tz oboemzx y`zzedck xfkax- ^? KT# ?1:7 ?:,

?1-\

Hkakmhomxz kvycoemkh f`r Ycoemxeaaz oxxklyxz x` {z{ty Xoexwz ckohktzfey

y`zexe`m em xfez y`cexejoc l`qklkmx , ytemjeyoccu du zeyf`memb,àa h`moxe`mz x` a{mh

y`cexejoc ojxeqexekz , elycejoxkh ely`txomx y{dcej ezz{kz emjc{hemb d{x m`x celexkh x`

ckohktzfey omh j`mxt`c à xfk Detxfkt L`qklkmx- ^? KT# 5:7 4:,46 omh 587 ?,??#

rfejf emjc{hkz o hezj{zze`m à Dktbz Detxfkt rkdzexk

rrr-`dolojtelkz-j`l-\

Xf{z# j`mxtotu x` Ycoemxeaaz {mz{yy`txkh omh aoczk otb{lkmx# Hkakmhomxz em

xfk J`{tx dkc`r kvycejexcu zxoxkh rfox xfk y{dcej yotxejeyoxe`m roz--- ômh\ rfox

xfku rktk dc`remb xfk z{yy`zkh rfezxck `m-

Ycoemxeaaz zkj`mh occkbkh mkr hkakmzkz# zx`tekz omh otb{lkmx j`mjktmz

Hkakmhomxz otb{lkmx xfox Xfez jozk otezkz `{x à om `mbèmb hezy{xk emq`cqemb

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/?5/49?4 EH7 6?82946 HnxKmxtu7 :;,? Yobk7 4? à :4

81



47/57

Cedkte q H@AA Tkycu x` Oyykcckkz" dteka 5xf jetj{ex 98-?5-49?4 ??

xfk y`cexejoc hezzehkmx l`klkmx--- nm`rm oz xfk Detxfkt L`klkmx du xf`zk

jfocckmbemb xfk q{oceaejoxe`mz à Dotojn @dolo x` f`ch xfk àaejk à xfk

Ytkzehkmx---- &OD# 4?,4:-% Rexf`{x q{kzxe`m# Hkakmhomxz toezkh xfkzk ezz{kz em xfk

J`{tx dkc`r- @mk kvolyck ez em xfket tkycu lkl`tomh{l zxoxemb7

Xoexw emheeh{occu omh xft`{bf fkt a`{mhoxe`m ^H@AA\ ez

o y`cexejoc jt{zohkt- @a yotxej{cot tkckomjk x` xfk emzxomx

ojxe`m roz Xoexwz jt{zohk x` {mj`kt xfk xt{xf tkbothemb

xfk detxfycojk à Ytkzehkmx Dotojn @dolo- &Hkjcotoxe`m

à @tcu Xoexw em z{yy`tx à fkt Tkycu x` @yy`zexe`m x`

L`xe`m x` Hezlezz--- 4-% Xoexw omh Dktb jt{zohk a`t xfk

zolk jo{zk- &Xoexw Hkjc- :-% Ox `mk yèmx xfkuzel{cxomk`{zcu loemxoemkh xr` zelecot rkdzexkz

hkhejoxkh x` xfket jo{zk- Xoexw loemxoemkh fkt dc`b `m

rrr-hkakmh`{tatkkh`lz-{z omh Dktb loemxoemkh o

rkdzexk ox xfk rkd ohhtkzz fxxy7//`dolojtelkz-j`l-

&Xoexw Hkjc- :-% D`xf Xoexw omh Dktb z`cejexkh h`moxe`mz

x` xfket tkzykjxek jo{zkz xft`{bf xfket dc`b omh rkd zexk#

tkzykjxekcu- &Xoexw Hkjc- 8> Kvfedex :-% D`xf Xoexw

omh Dktb rktk ojj{zemb @dolo à foemb j`llexxkh

ato{h omh a`tbkh h`j{lkmxz tkbothemb @doloz

detxfycojk- &Xoexw Hkjc- 4,;-% ^? KT# 5;7 ??,4?-\

Xfeth# Ycoemxeaaz otb{k xfox xfktk ez m`xfemb tkcoxemb x`# tkakttemb x`# `t kkm

lkmxe`memb o Detxfkt L`klkmx `t Detxfkt c`joxkh em xfk Tkj`th- &OD# 48-% X`

xfk j`mxtotu# xfk l`xe`m omh tkycu yoyktz otk tkyckxk rexf z{jf tkaktkmjkz

emjc{hemb# d{x m`x celexkh x`# xfk ktu kvycejex tkaktkmjkz x` Xoexwz jt{zohk x`

{mj`kt xfk xt{xf tkbothemb xfk detxfycojk à Ytkzehkmx Dotojn @dolo omh Xoexwz

omh Dktbz kaa`txz em xfox l`klkmx-


82

http://www.defendourfreedoms.us/http://www.defendourfreedoms.us/http://obamacrimes.com./http://obamacrimes.com./http://obamacrimes.com./http://www.defendourfreedoms.us/


48/57


Xf{z# Hkakmhomxz em xfk Hezxtejx J`{tx a`tjka{ccu hkl`mzxtoxkh xfox xfez jozk

otezkz `{x à xfk Detxfkt L`klkmx- Ycoemxeaaz otb{lkmxz tkbothemb mkr

hkakmzkz omh otb{lkmxz otk yoxkmxcu rexf`{x lktex &oz rkcc oz o dcoxomx

leztkytkzkmxoxe`mz a Hkakmhomxz otb{lkmxz em xfk J`{tx dkc`r%-

Ycoemxeaaz xfkm otb{k xfox Hkakmhomxz jexoxe`mz x` xfk tkj`th h` m`x zxoxk

`t tkackjx xfk zxoxklkmxz jcoelkh du Xoexw omh H@AA- &OD# 41-% Ycoemxeaaz toezk

xr` y{ty`txkh emzxomjkz à emojj{toxk jexoxe`mz x` xfk tkj`th- Aetzx# xfku xonk ezz{k

rexf Hkakmhomxz jexoxe`m x` G{hbk T`dtkm`z {mhezy{xkh j`mjc{ze`m xfox7 Z`lk

à xfkzk yotxekz fok o c`mb omh j`lycejoxkh cexeboxe`m fezx`tu- Zkk k-b-# Dktb -

@dolo# ;61 A-:h 4:8 &:h Jet- 4995%--- Xfez cexeboxe`m oyykotz x` dk yotx à xfez

`ktocc hezy{xk ol`mb xfk yotxekz- ^? KT# 4:6# am- ?-\Ycoemxeaaz h` m`x hezy{xk xfox G{hbk T`dtkm` ez ojj{toxkcu q{`xkh# d{x emzxkoh

j`lycoem xfox Hkakmhomxz heh m`x otb{k em xfk J`{tx dkc`r xfox xfez jozk otezkz `{x

à xfk Detxfkt L`klkmx- &OD# 42-% Oz hkl`mzxtoxkh od`k# Hkakmhomxz

kvycejexcu hkl`mzxtoxkh em xfk l`xe`m omh tkycu yoyktz xfox xfk jozk# em aojx# h`kz

j`mjktm ckohktzfey à omh j`mxt`c `kt z{jf l`klkmx- ^? KT# 5:,5;# omh ?;5,

?1:-\

Zkj`mh# Ycoemxeaaz j`lycoem xfox Hkakmhomxz otb{k xfox Dktb em xfk j`{tzk à

xfk Detxfkt L`klkmx foz aeckh o jozk jfocckmbemb Ytkzehkmx @doloz

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/?5/49?4 EH7 6?82946 HnxKmxtu7 :;,? Yobk7 4: à :4

86



49/57

Cedkte q H@AA Tkycu x` Oyykcckkz" dteka 5xf jetj{ex 98-?5-49?4 ?:

q{oceaejoxe`mz# d{x jexk x` o y`txe`m à xfk tkj`th xfox zouz m`xfemb od`{x o y`cexejoc

hezzehkmx l`klkmx---- &OD# 42- % Xfk z{dgkjx y`txe`m à xfk tkj`th ez ? KT# 452-

Xfez y`txe`m à Ycoemxeaaz J`lycoemx zxoxkz em tkckomx yotx7 @m O{b{zx 4?#

4996 Dktb aeckh xfk aetzx corz{ex oboemzx Dottu Z`kx`t` o/n/o Dotojn F- @dolo---

Dktb roz xfk aetzx oxx`tmku rf` aekch &zej% z{ex oboemzx Dottu Z`kx`t` o/n/o Dotojn

F{zzkem @dolo tkbothemb fez jexewkmzfey ezz{kz-

Xfktka`tk# xfk z{dgkjx y`txe`m à xfk tkj`th rexf`{x q{kzxe`m j`mjktmz xfk

Detxfkt L`klkmx omh Dktbz jcoel x` jottu xfk lomxck à z{jf l`klkmx-

Ycoemxeaaz otb{lkmxz x` xfk j`mxtotu otk zelycu leztkytkzkmxoxe`mz à xfk tkj`th `m

oyykoc-

OYYKCCKKZ J@LLEXXKH KBTKBE@[Z ATO[H @M XFK J@[TX#

RFKM XFKU XTEKH X@ J@QKT [Y COJN @A Z[DGKJX LOXXKT

G[TEZHEJXE@M OMH COJN @A HEQKTZEXU OX XFK XELK XFK

J@LYCOEMX ROZ AECKH

Oyykccomxz fok zf`rm xfox xfk Oyykcckkz jomm`x ytkoec `m xfk lktexz oz o loxxkt

à cor# oz xfku mkkt zoxezaekh xfk hektzexu a g{tezhejxe`m- Xfku mkkt ytèhkh

omu j`lykxkmx ohlezzedck kehkmjk à Cedkte"z zxoxk jexewkmzfey-

Em xfket Oyykcckkz" dteka# Oyykcckkz ytèhkh `mcu `mk otb{lkmx7 Kbtkbe`{z ato{h-


85



50/57


Xfku jcoelkh xfox h{temb O{b{zx 2# 4995 fkotemb dka`tk g{hbk T`dtkm` em `ykm

j`{tx xfku yt`qehkh G{hbk T`dtkm` rexf Cedkte"z ehkmxeaejoxe`m yoyktz zf`remb

fkt tkzehkmju7 fkt detxf jktxeaejoxk# fkt Z`jeoc Zkj{texu joth omh fkt Mkr Lkvej`

hteqktz cejkmzk- Xfk tkj`th zf`rz xfez x` dk o d`ch cek- Aetzx# Z`jeoc Zkj{texu joth

omh detxf jktxeaejoxk# kqkm ea z{dlexxkh# h` m`x yt`qehk yt`à à tkzehkmju ox xfk

xelk xfk jozk ez aeckh- Xf`zk h`j{lkmxz oxxkzx `mcu x` tkzehkmju ox xfk xelk à detxf

omh ox xfk xelk xfk Z`jeoc Zkj{texu joth roz ezz{kh- Xfk `mcu h`j{lkmx xfox jom

oxxkzx x` zxoxk tkzehkmju ox xfk xelk xfk ckboc ojxe`m roz aeckh# ez xfk Hteqktz

Cejkmzk- Kvjktyx à tkj`th $Xtomzjteyx à xfk O{b{zx 2# 4995 fkotemb dka`tk G{hbk

T`dtkm` ? ZKT à Oyykccomx @tcu Xoexw# :,?9: jckotcu zxoxkz xfox Cedkte heh m`x

yt`qehk omu ehkmxeaejoxe`m yoyktz x` G{hbk T`dtkm`- Dktb m Cedkte"z dkfoca oznkh

G{hbk T`dtkm` x` occ`r Cedkte x` yt qehk fkt hteqktz" cejkmzk {mhkt zkoc ox o coxkt

xelk- G{hbk T`dtkm` obtkkh omh `thktkh Cedkte omh Dktb oz fkt oxx`tmku x` aeck

rexf xfk j`{tx Cedkte"z ehkmxeaejoxe`m yoyktz x` zf`r fkt tkzehkmju- Cedkte omh Dktb

mkqkt heh ex- Xfktk ez m` kqehkmjk omurfktk em xfk tkj`th à xfkl kqkt aecemb

Cedkte"z hteqktz cejkmzk `t omu `xfkt ehkmxeaejoxe`m tkj`thz- Cedkte omh Dktb rktk em

j`mxklyx à j`{tx a`t xftkk ukotz m`r omh z` aot akhktoc g{hbkz otk hèmb m`xfemb

od`{x ex omh otk kmj`{tobemb xfez j`mxklyx à j`{tx du tka{zemb x` xonk ojxe`m omh

occ`remb o jozk rexf m` g{tezhejxe`m x` cembkt em akhktoc j`{tx zuzxkl a`t xftkk

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/?5/49?4 EH7 6?82946 HnxKmxtu7 :;,? Yobk7 4; à :4

;9

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 ;9 à ;2


51/57

Cedkte q H@AA Tkycu x` Oyykcckkz" dteka 5xf jetj{ex 98-?5-49?4 ?;

ukotz- Xoexw ez btkoxcu j`mjktmkh xfox xfez ez h`mk dkjo{zk zfk ez o y`cexejoc

hezzehkmx ckohkt omh a`t o m{ldkt à ukotz m`r akhktoc j`{tx zuzxkl roz {zkh oz o

x``c à fotozzlkmx à y`cexejoc hezzehkmxz rexf d`b{z cor z{exz-

Cojn à omu ohlezzedck j`lykxkmx kehkmjk à tkzehkmju à o yotxu em o hektzexu

cor z{ex hkzxtùz hektzexu- Xfez hkaejekmju jomm`x dk j{tkh du omu olkmhkh

j`lycoemx- Omu jfombk à tkzehkmju z{dzkq{kmx x` aecemb à xfk jozk ez ettkckomx x`

xfk z{dgkjx loxxkt g{tezhejxe`m ox xfk xelk à aecemb- oz z{jf xfk j`{tx foz m` `xfkt

ocxktmoxek d{x x` btomx xfk Oyykoc omh hezlezz xfez rf`ck ckboc ojxe`m h{k x` cojn

à z{dgkjx loxxkt g{tezhejxe`m em xfk akhktoc j`{txz zuzxkl-

ATO[H @M XFK J@[TX DU XFK OYYKCCKKZ EZ O YOTX OMH

YOTJKC @A XFK ZOLK L@H[Z @YKTOMHE

Oz ytèhkh em xfk OmxeZCOYY Cedkte ez o j`mejxkh a`tbkt omh xfeka# rf` roz

jfotbkh rexf 4: akc`mu j`{mxz omh j`mejxkh à ?9 akc`mu j`{mxz em 4996 em xfk

Z{ykte`t J`{tx à Jocea`tmeo# Zom Dktmothem` j`{mxu &ARQ,946999- % Ox xfk xelk

à xfk aecemb à xfk ckboc ojxe`m ox fomh zfk roz `m yt`doxe`m {mhkt xfk g{tezhejxe`m

à xfk Z{ykte`t J`{tx à Jocea tmeo omh xfk Zom Dktmothem` J`{mxu# Jocea`tmeo

yt`doxe`m hkyotxlkmx- Ex ez tkoz`modck x` dkcekk xfox zfk emhkkh {zkh Jocea`tmeo

htektz cejkmzk# romxkh x` fehk xfk aojx xfox zfk cekh od`{x fkt tkzhkmju# omh xfox

lebfx dk xfk tkoz`m# rfu zfk lohk {y `{xtobk`{z hkaolox`tu zxoxklkmxz jcoelemb


;?

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 ;? à ;2


52/57


xfox zfk jomm`x zf`r fkt hteqktz" cejkmzk em j`{tx dkjo{zk zfk ez oatoeh a`t fkt ceak

omh ojj{zemb @tcu Xoexw# rf` ez o cejkmzkh h`jx`t omh o cejkmzkh oxx`tmku omh o

ytkzehkmx à H@AA à oxxklyxemb x` fetk o fex lom x` necc fkt omh x` nehmoy jfechtkm

à @zxkcco-

Occ à xfkzk `{xtobk`{z zcomhkt`{z zxoxklkmxz rktk kmxktkh emx` tkj`th du fkt j`,

ycoemxeaa omh oxx`tmku Dktb# oz fk omh Cedkte aeckh xf`{zomhz à yobkz à xfk l`zx

`{xtobk`{z hkaolox`tu ojj{zoxe`mz oboemzx Xoexw# d{x mkqkt aeckh rexf xfk j`{tx `mk

zlocc yobk,o j`yu à Cedkte"z hteqktz cejkmzk at`l Lou 4# 4995-

Ex oyykotz xfox Dktb omh Cedkte"z hkzetk x` bkx h`moxe`mz omh tkj`bmexe`m em xfk

l`qklkmx du j`cc{hemb rexf rkd lozxkt @zxkcco omh xonemb `qkt xfk H@AA rkd

zexk omh heqktxemb h`moxe`mz at l H@AA lebfx foqk dkkm `mcu yotx à xfket

l`xeqoxe`m- Oyykccomxz otk yt`qehemb xfk tky`tx du o cejkmzkh emqkzxebox`t à

Akdt{otu ?9# 49?4 xteoc à oxx`tmku Yfecey Dktb du xfk Hezjeycemotu Dòth à xfk

Z{ytklk J`{tx à Ykmmzucqomeo- &àaejeoc xtomzjteyx à xfk fkotemb foz m`x dkkm

tkckozkh du xfk Hezjeycemotu Dòth ukx%-

Em 4995# rfkm Xoexw dckr xfk rfezxck `m Cedkte# Dktb omh `xfkt Oyykcckkz#

Hezjeycemotu Dòth à xfk Z{ytklk J`{tx à Ykmmzucqomeo zktqkh Dktb rexf o

a`tloc j`lycoemx# rfktk fk roz jfotbkh rexf hkato{hemb fez jcekmx a`t 4 ukotz#

jcoelemb xfox fkt jozk roz ojxeqk# rfeck em tkocexu xfk jozk roz hezlezzkh-


;4

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 ;4 à ;2


53/57


Dktb {zkh j`mqejxkh a`tbkt Cedkte x` ytkyotk o jfoem à k,loecz z{yy`zkhcu

dkxrkkm fkt omh xfk jcekmx# rfktk Cedkte z{yy`zkhcu ohqezkh xfk jcekmx xfox fkt

jcoel roz hezlezzkh-

D`xf Cedkte omh Dktb z{dlexxkh x` xfk Hezjeycemotu Dòth à Ykmmzucqomeo zr`tm

oaaehoqexz# rfktk xfku hk aojx` ojj{zkh Dktbz jcekmx à cuemb# à ato{h `m xfk j`{tx

&`m hezjeycemotu j`llezze`m% omh a yktg{tu-

Ox xfk tkjkmx Akdt{otu ?9# 49?4 fkotemb Dktb ohlexxkh xfox fk hkato{hkh xfk

Hezjeycemotu Dòth# xfox emhkkh fk hkato{hkh xfk jcekmx omh xfox fk z{yy`zkhcu c`zx

aeckz omh xfk jfoem à k,loecz dkxrkkm xfk jcekmx omh Cedkte roz m`x om ojx{oc jfoem

à k,loecz# d{x ex roz tkjtkoxkh- Emqkzxebox`t a`t xfk Hezjeycemotu Dòth# o a`tlkt

ADE obkmx xkzxeaekh xfox xfk $tkjtkoxe`m$ roz o a`tbktu- Xfk hkjeze`m du xfk

Hezjeycemotu dòth ez kvykjxkh zf`txcu# d{x j`mzehktemb xfk btoqexu à xfk àakmzk

du Dktb em xfox fk {zkh o j`mqejxkh a`tbkt `m yt`doxe`m x` tkjtkoxk d`b{z

h`j{lkmxz omh mkotcu zkmx fez jcekmx# om emm`jkmx r`lom x` ytez`m a`t ato{h `m xfk

j`{tx omh yktg{tu# ckohz y{dcej x` dkcekqk xfox xfk hezjeycemotu y{mezflkmx a`t Dktb

recc dk zxeaa7 kexfkt hezdotlkmx `t ckmbxfu z{zykmze`m at`l ytojxejemb cor- &Kvfedex

? Tky`tx à xfk Akdt{otu ?9# 49?4 xteoc à oxx`tmku Yfecey G- Dktb du xfk

Hezjeycemotu Dòth à xfk Z{ytklk J`{tx à Ykmmzucqomeo# Kvfedex 4, J`lycoemx

kvfedex : Omzrkt du Dktb%-


;:

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98/48/49?4 EH7 6?;?91: HnxKmxtu7 :6,? Yobk7 ;: à ;2


54/57


H{temb xfez hezjeycemotu jozk Xoexw# o cejkmzkh JO oxx`tmku omh o ytkzehkmx à o

m`mytàex `tbomewoxe`m Hkakmh `{t Atkkh`lz dckr xfk rfezxck `m Cedkte omh

Dktb- @mk à xfk loem tkoz`mz a`t Oyykcckkz x` aeck xfket ZCOYY ojxe`m# roz x` xtu

x` zeckmjk Xoexw omh xtu x` nkky xfk ema`tloxe`m od`{x Cedkte"z a`tbktu j`mqejxe`mz

fehhkm at`l xfk Hezjeycemotu Dòth# z` Dktb jom {zk Cedkte oz fez ocede em fez deh x`

ytkzktqk fez cor cejkmzk- xfomnz x` Xoexw"z hezjc`z{tk x` xfk y{dcej à xfk aojx xfox

Dktb r`tnz rexf o j`mqejxkh a`tbkt# lohk ex y`zzedck a`t xfk Hezjeycemotu dòth x`

a`cc`r {y `m xfez ema`tloxe`m- xfez zf`rz f`r ely`txomx rktk hezjc`z{tkz du Xoexw#

ex zf`rz xfox xfk hezjc`z{tkz lohk du Xoexw# rktk emhkkh xfk loxxkt à y{dcej

emxktkzx# ex zf`rz xfox ex fkcykh om emm`jkmx r`lom# Dktb"z jcekmx m`x x` dk

j`mqejxkh dozkh `m ato{h{ckmx oaaehoqexz du Dktb omh Cedkte- Ex yt`lyxkh ohlezze`m

du Dktb xfox emhkkh fk hkato{hkh xfk hezjeycemotu Dòth- Ea xfktk roz kqkt o jozk#

a`t rfejf OmxZcoyy roz jtkoxkh# xfox ez xfk jozk-

Ex oyykotz x` dk o l`h{z `yktomhe à o x`xoccu heod`cejoc omxez`jeoc dkfoqe`t à xfk

Oyykcckkz omh yotxej{cotcu Cedkte x` zelycu lohk {y xfk l`zx `{xtobk`{z cekz omh

occkboxe`mz x` j`qkt {y a`t xfk jtelkz zfk ez j`llexxemb- G{zx oz Cedkte omh Dktb

ojj{zkh Dktb"z jcekmx# om emm`jkmx r`lom à ato{h rfkm zfk dckr xfk rfezxck `m

Jozk7 ??,;1?18 98

Documents

Liberi v Taitz Appellees Motion to Strike DOFF's Reply Brief and Exhibits Doc 38-1