LI GiI THIU

2=2*-12-8

2=2*-11-7

Hi ng xut bn

o duy tng Ch tch Hi ng

nguyn c bnhPh Ch tch Hi ng

H ngU vin Hi ng

ng xun k"

trn trng tn"

Nguyn duy qu "

nguyn phng"

Hong minh tho"

Trn nhm"

Ban ch o xy dng bn tho

ng xun k

song thnh

nhm xy dng bn tho tp 7

trnh nhu (Ch bin)

ng vn thi

trn th li

h ch minhton tp

7

1953 - 1955

Xut bn ln th hai

Nh xut bn chnh tr quc gia

H Ni - 2000

LI GiI THIU TP 7

Tp 7 ca b sch H Ch Minh Ton tp, xut bn ln th hai, cng b nhng tc phm ca Ch tch H Ch Minh t ngy 1 thng 1 nm 1953 n cui thng 6 nm 1955.

Nt ni bt nht ca t tng H Ch Minh trong giai on lch s ny c th hin nhng ch trng y mnh cuc khng chin, lm chuyn bin ln cc din chin tranh, ginh thng li quyt nh cho cuc khng chin chng thc dn Php v can thip M; nhng lun im v s kt hp cht ch gia nhim v chng quc vi gii phng giai cp nng dn khi ch bc lt phong kin. Tip l t tng ch o ca Ngi i vi cng cuc khc phc hu qu chin tranh, khi phc kinh t v pht trin vn ho, xy dng an ninh, quc phng trn min Bc: u tranh i i phng thi hnh Hip nh Ginev; cng c ho bnh, thc hin thng nht nc nh, hon thnh c lp, dn ch trong c nc.

V lnh o cuc khng chin chng thc dn Php, thng 1 nm 1953, ti Hi ngh ln th t Ban Chp hnh Trung ng ng, Ch tch H Ch Minh vch r m mu v hnh ng hiu chin ca thc dn Php trong tnh th tht bi ca chng. Chng cu xin M tng thm vin tr. Chng y mnh cn qut, bt lnh thc hin m mu dng ngi Vit nh ngi Vit, ly chin tranh nui chin tranh. Ngi nhc nh ton ng, ton qun v ton dn ta: thng li nhiu nhng quyt khng c ch quan, khinh ch, cn nhn thc r t nay cuc chin tranh gia ta v ch s gay go, phc tp hn.

Ngi ra phng hng chin lc ch o khng chin l "Trnh ch mnh, nh ch yu phn tn lc lng ch v tiu dit sinh lc ch, m rng vng t do" (tr.13).

chin thng k th xm lc, chng ta phi xy dng mt qun i nhn dn tht mnh v tin b. Phi tip tc chnh qun pht trin v cng c nhng tin b thu c v sa cha nhng khuyt im. Cng vi vic tng cng b i ch lc, xy dng b i a phng, cn xy dng nhng t chc dn qun du kch khng thot ly sn xut.

Vi nhng thng li to ln ca qun dn ta trn cc chin trng, th v lc ca ta ngy cng pht trin mnh m, cui nm 1953, ng v Ch tch H Ch Minh ch trng m cuc tin cng chin lc ng Xun 1953-1954 m nh cao l Chin dch in Bin Ph. Ngi lnh o v ng vin ton ng, ton qun, ton dn tp trung lc lng, nu cao ch quyt chin, quyt thng, pht huy th mnh ca ta ginh thng li trong trn quyt chin chin lc ny.

Trong khi pht huy cao sc mnh on kt chin u ca dn tc ta, Ngi rt coi trng cng tc tuyn truyn i ngoi, nhm to nn s ng tnh ng h ca nhn dn th gii yu chung ho bnh i vi cuc khng chin chnh ngha ca nhn dn ta. Ngi tn thnh v ng h Ngh quyt ca i hi ho bnh th gii (11-1953) i chm dt chin tranh ng Dng; Ngi cm n i hi cng on th gii ln th ba (10-1953) quyt nh t chc "Ngy on kt vi nhn dn Vit Nam anh hng". Thng 10-1953, Ngi vit th ku gi thanh nin Php st cnh cng nhn dn Vit Nam u tranh kin quyt chng k th chung l thc dn Php v can thip M, v li ch chung ca nhn dn hai nc l t do, c lp, dn ch v ho bnh.

Trong bi Tr li mt nh bo Thu in (26-11-1953), Ngi nu r cuc chin tranh Vit Nam l do Chnh ph Php gy ra. Nhn dn Vit Nam phi chin u chng xm lc bo v nn c lp v quyn t do c sng ho bnh. Nu thc dn Php c tip tc cuc chin tranh xm lc th nhn dn Vit Nam quyt chin u n thng li cui cng. V kh nng m phn, Ngi khng nh: "nu Chnh ph Php rt c bi hc trong cuc chin tranh my nm nay, mun i n nh chin Vit Nam bng cch thng lng v gii quyt vn Vit Nam theo li ho bnh th nhn dn v Chnh ph Vit Nam Dn ch Cng ho sn sng tip mun ". "C s ca vic nh chin Vit Nam l Chnh ph Php tht th tn trng nn c lp tht s ca nc Vit Nam" (tr.168). V vic m phn vi Php, Ngi cn gii thch r ch trng nht qun ca ta l ho bnh, nhng v Php xm lc nc ta, nn ta phi nh. Nu khng nh cho gic thua qu, th gic khng chu m phn.

a cuc khng chin mau chng ti thng li, ng v Ch tch H Ch Minh ra ch trng pht ng qun chng trit gim t, thc hin gim tc v tin hnh ci cch rung t.

Trong Bo co ti Hi ngh ln th t Ban Chp hnh Trung ng ng (kho II) (1-1953) v sau , trong Bo co trc Quc hi nc Vit Nam Dn ch Cng ho kho I, K hp th ba (12-1953), Ngi trnh by r ng li, ch trng ci cch rung t. Ngi xc nh: "Nn tng ca vn dn tc l vn nng dn, v nng dn l ti i a s trong dn tc.

Nn tng ca cch mng dn ch cng l vn nng dn, v nng dn l lc lng cch mng ng nht chng phong kin, chng quc" (tr.15).

C vn t ra l v sao cho n nm 1953, ng v Nh nc mi tin hnh ci cch rung t? Ngi gii thch r: "My nm trc, v hon cnh c bit m ta ch thi hnh gim t, gim tc, nh th l ng" (tr.15). Nhng n lc ny, lnh gim t tuy c Chnh ph ban hnh t sau khi Cch mng Thng Tm thng li, ni th gim khng ng mc, ni th cha gim. Cho nn ng bo nng dn khng c hng quyn li chnh ng ca h.

Do yu cu ginh thng li cui cng ca cuc khng chin chng thc dn Php v thc hin nhim v dn ch ca cuc cch mng dn tc, dn ch nhn dn th "phi thit thc nng cao quyn li kinh t v chnh tr ca nng dn, phi chia rung t cho nng dn" (tr.16). Mc ch ca ci rung t l th tiu ch s hu rung t phong kin, thc hin ngi cy c rung, gii phng sc sn xut nng thn, pht trin sn xut, y mnh khng chin.

Theo di tin trnh pht ng qun chng trit gim t v ci cch rung t, ngi kp thi ch ra nhng u im, khuyt im v sai lm "t" khuynh v hu khuynh, thc hin sai chnh sch ca ng v Chnh ph. Ngi nhc nh cc a phng sa cha nhng sai lm .

Thng li bc u ca ci cch rung t lm cho qun chng nng dn thm phn khi, dc sc ngi, sc ca cho khng chin, gp phn cng vi cc chin s ta lm nn chin thng lch s in Bin Ph, buc i phng phi k Hip nh Ginev, chm dt chin tranh, lp li ho bnh Vit Nam. Theo , nn c lp, ch quyn, thng nht v ton vn lnh th ca Vit Nam c cng nhn. Min Bc c hon ton gii phng, cch mng Vit Nam chuyn sang giai on mi. Thng 7 nm 1954, ti Hi ngh ln th su Ban Chp hnh Trung ng ng (kho II), Ch tch H Ch Minh phn tch nhng bin chuyn ca tnh hnh th gii v trong nc i ti nhn nh:

"M khng nhng l k th ca nhn dn th gii, m M ang bin thnh k th chnh v trc tip ca nhn dn Vit, Min, Lo" (tr.314).

Ngi ch r: "Hin nay, tnh hnh i mi, nhim v ca ta do cng c thay i, chnh sch v khu hiu cng phi thay i, cho ph hp vi tnh hnh mi" (tr. 315). quc M ang bin thnh k th chnh ca ta, do phi cha mi nhn u tranh vo quc M. "Mc ch bt di bt dch ca ta vn l ho bnh, thng nht, c lp, dn ch. Nguyn tc ca ta th phi vng chc, nhng sch lc ca ta th linh hot. Cc cng tc phi phi hp v lin h vi nhau, b phn phi hp vi ton cc, v.v.." (tr. 319-320).

V cng cuc u tranh thng nht nc nh, ngay t thng 7 nm 1954, sau khi Hip nh Ginev c k kt, trong Li ku gi gi ng bo c nc, Ch tch H Ch Minh xc nh r cuc u tranh cng c ho bnh, thc hin thng nht, hon thnh c lp, dn ch cng l mt cuc u tranh lu di v gian kh. ginh thng li, Ngi ku gi ton th nhn dn, qun i, cn b t Bc n Nam cn phi on kt cht ch, t tng phi thng nht, hnh ng phi nht tr.

Ngi ch r nhng kh khn, phc tp do c vic iu chnh khu vc ng qun, c vng t do c nay ch n tm ng, c vng mi gii phng, nhng Trung Nam Bc u l b ci ca ta, nc ta nht nh s thng nht. V vy, cn phi lm tt cng tc t tng, lm cho ng bo phn bit c li ch trc mt v li ch lu di, li ch b phn v li ch ton b khng bi quan, tiu cc. "Nu ta khng chun b sn sng, khng kp thi lnh o, th t tng s hn lon, hnh ng s hn lon" (tr. 318). Ngi cng d kin nhng t tng sai lm "t" khuynh v hu khuynh c th xy ra ch ng gii quyt. Ngi ra ba nhim v v 10 cng tc, bao qut cc lnh vc t tng, u tranh ngoi giao, tng cng lc lng qun i, tip thu vng mi gii phng, chuyn hng cng tc trong vng ch tm ng qun, tip tc cng c vng t do c, y mnh vic thc hin ci cch rung t, tng cng cng tc kinh t ti chnh, cng c t chc ng trong vng mi gii phng, tip tc gip cch mng Lo v Campuchia vi tinh thn gip nhn dn nc bn cng tc l t gip mnh.

n thng 3 nm 1955, ti Hi ngh ln th by Ban Chp hnh Trung ng ng, trc nhng bin i ca tnh hnh, Ngi b sung v nhn mnh bn cng tc: Tip tc thi hnh ng Hip nh Ginev, cng c ho bnh, u tranh thc hin thng nht nc nh bng tng tuyn c t do; cng c min Bc v mi mt, ng thi gi vng v y mnh cng tc min Nam; m rng, cng c Mt trn dn tc thng nht; kin ton t chc v l li lm vic, nng cao tnh t chc, tnh k lut v o c cch mng ca cn b, ng vin.

Ngi cng nu r nhng nhim v c th ca cc tng lp nhn dn, ca ng bo min Bc, min Nam, ca qun i, cng an nhn dn. c bit, Ngi dnh cho ng bo min Nam nhng li khen ngi v tinh thn hy sinh chin u oanh lit, v gng khng chin u tin, mt lng mt d trung thnh vi T quc, vi dn tc. Ngi tin rng, ng bo s t li ch c nc trn li ch a phng, li ch lu di trn li ch trc mt, m ra sc cng ng bo ton quc thc hin thng li nhim v cng c ho bnh, thc hin thng nht, hon thnh c lp, dn ch trong ton quc.

tin hnh thng li cc nhim v nng n, gian kh v mi m trn, Ch tch H Ch Minh nhn mnh phi tng cng cng tc xy dng ng v t tng v t chc.

V t tng, Ngi yu cu mi cn b, ng vin phi lm ng nh li tuyn b ca ng Lao ng Vit Nam l phng s nhn dn lao ng, ch cng v t, gng mu trong cng tc khng chin v kin quc.

Sau khi ho bnh c lp li, Ngi nhn nh: s ng cn b vn gi vng truyn thng cch mng tt p, cn c, cht phc, bn b u tranh, lm trn nhim v. Song c mt s cn b lm tng ho bnh l thi bnh, th vi o c cch mng v mc cc khuyt im nh: mun ngh ngi, s gian kh, ngi cng vic kh, khng ham hc tp, thiu cnh gic, km k lut, mun tiu xi rng ri, thch ph trng, lng ph, tham , h ho, ghen t a v, quan liu, bao bin, khng tin vo lc lng qun chng... Ngi ch r ngun gc ca nhng khuyt im l ch ngha c nhn; khng nhn thc r phi, tri; khng gi vng lp trng.

sa cha nhng khuyt im trn, cn b, ng vin cn phi hc tp l lun, trau di o c, nhn r iu g phi th c gng lm, iu g tri th kin quyt trnh, phi c gng thc hin cho k c cn kim lim chnh, ch cng v t, tht th t ph bnh v ph bnh.

Nhm nng cao trnh l lun chnh tr ca cn b, ng vin, Ngi vit tc phm Thng thc chnh tr, l gii nhng vn c bn v giai cp v cc ch x hi, v nh gi vai tr, v tr ca cc giai cp trong cch mng Vit Nam, v ch Nh nc dn ch cng ho v chuyn chnh dn ch nhn dn, v ng Lao ng Vit Nam ... Ngi ch trng gii p nhiu vn quan trng v chnh tr, kinh t. gip ngi c hiu r v sao giai cp cng nhn Vit Nam vi s lng t li lnh o c cch mng Vit Nam, Ngi vit: "Lnh o c hay l khng, l do c tnh cch mng, ch khng phi do s ngi nhiu t ca giai cp"; "c tnh cch mng ca giai cp cng nhn l: kin quyt, trit , tp th, c t chc, c k lut. Li v l giai cp tin tin nht trong sc sn xut, gnh trch nhim nh ch t bn v quc, xy dng mt x hi mi, giai cp cng nhn c th thm nhun mt t tng cch mng nht, tc l ch ngha Mc - Lnin. ng thi, tinh thn u tranh ca h nh hng v gio dc cc tng lp khc". (tr.212).

cp ti cc thnh phn kinh t nc ta (trong vng t do) v chnh sch kinh t ca ng v Chnh ph, Ngi nu ra 5 thnh phn kinh t: kinh t a ch phong kin; kinh t quc doanh; kinh t hp tc bao gm hp tc x tiu th v hp tc x cung cp c tnh cht na x hi ch ngha, cc hi i cng nng thn; kinh t t bn t nhn v t bn quc gia. V kinh t t bn quc gia (t bn nh nc), Ngi gii thch: "Kinh t t bn quc gia l Nh nc hn vn vi t nhn kinh doanh v do Nh nc lnh o. Trong loi ny, t bn ca t nhn l ch ngha t bn. T bn ca Nh nc l ch ngha x hi" (tr.221).

V t chc, Ch tch H Ch Minh ch r ti Hi ngh ln th by Ban Chp hnh Trung ng ng (3-1955): T chc ca ng cn phi kin ton hn; l li lm vic cn phi tin b hn, lnh o phi st thc t hn, phi tng cng lnh o tp th, nng cao trnh t chc v trnh l lun ca ton ng cho thch hp nhim v v cng tc mi... Ngi nhc nh, trong lc thng li, ng cng cn thy r khuyt im ca mnh v iu chng t bn cht cch mng chn chnh ca ng. Ngi nhn mnh tm quan trng c bit ca s on kt trong ng, nht l on kt cht ch gia cc ng ch cn b lnh o. Khi on kt c xy dng trn c s thng nht v t tng, m rng dn ch ni b. ng thi cn tin hnh ph bnh v t ph bnh mt cch rng ri, nht l cn t chc cho nhn dn ph bnh cn b. "Phi tht s m rng dn ch trong c quan. Phi lun lun dng cch tht th t ph bnh v thng thn ph bnh, nht l ph bnh t di ln. Phi kin quyt chng ci thi "c v lp ming em", ngn cn qun chng ph bnh. Mt ng vin a v cng cao, th cng phi gi ng k lut ca ng, cng phi lm gng dn ch" (tr.269).

V Mt trn dn tc thng nht, tp hp rng ri cc tng lp nhn dn v s nghip gii phng min Nam, thng nht t nc, Ch tch H Ch Minh v Trung ng ng ta ch trng m rng hn na khi i on kt dn tc. Ti Hi ngh i biu Mt trn Lin - Vit ton quc (1-1955), Ngi ni: "Bt k ai m tht th tn thnh ho bnh, thng nht, c lp, dn ch th d nhng ngi trc y chng chng ta, by gi chng ta cng tht th on kt vi h" (tr.438).

Quan im on kt dn tc ca Ngi l on kt rng ri, lu di v "on kt l mt chnh sch dn tc, khng phi l mt th on chnh tr" (tr.438), on kt u tranh cho thng nht v c lp ca T quc v xy dng nc nh. Trong chnh sch i on kt, cn chng hai khuynh hng sai lm: c c hp hi v on kt v nguyn tc; phi ly cng tc m cng c on kt, ly on kt m y mnh cng tc.

Mt vn quan trng thng c Ch tch H Ch Minh cp ti l vn chng tham , lng ph, quan liu xy dng mt nh nc trong sch, vng mnh v to ra mt i ng cn b nh nc xng ng l y t trung thnh v tn tu ca nhn dn.

Ngoi nhng vn ch yu nu trn, bn c cn c th tm thy trong tp sch ny nhiu lun im quan trng ca Ch tch H Ch Minh v cc lnh vc chnh tr, kinh t, vn ho, gio dc, dn tc, tn gio...

H Ch Minh Ton tp Tp 7 xut bn ln ny, ngoi nhng tc phm ca Ch tch H Ch Minh c cng b trong ln xut bn ln th nht, cn c b sung thm 54 tc phm mi c khai thc t cc kho lu tr ca ng v Nh nc, t bo ch v cc n phm khc. Tt c cc tc phm trn u c gim nh li mt cch thn trng. Tuy c nhiu c gng, song chc rng ln xut bn ny vn khng trnh khi thiu st, mong bn c gp ln xut bn sau, tp sch s t cht lng cao hn.

VIN NGHIN CU CH NGHA MC - LNINV T TNG H CH MINH

TH CHC TT

Ton th chin s thi ua git gic,

ng bo c nc on kt mt lng,

Trng k khng chin nht nh thng li,

c lp thng nht, nht nh thnh cng.

Ngy 1 thng 1 nm 1953H CH MINH

Bo Nhn dn, s 89,t ngy 1 n 7-1-1953.

NHN DN BC PHICHNG THC DN PHP

Vng Bc Phi gm c 3 nc: Tuynidi hn 2 triu dn Angiri 5 triu ri, v Marc 9 triu. Ba nc y b Php chim lm thuc a b bc lt tn t, cng nh Vit Nam ngy trc. H thng ni ln u tranh. T sau Chin tranh th gii th hai, phong tro dn tc gii phng 3 nc cng ln mnh.

Thc dn Php dng mi th on hung c, hn n p, khng b, chia r, la bp. Thng tun thng 12-1952, thc dn Php m st ng ch Tng th k Tng lin on lao ng Tuynidi. Nhn dn Tuynidi bi cng phn i. Nhn dn Marc cng ni ln phn i Php v t ng tnh vi nhn dn Tuynidi. Php dng 1 vn lnh i n p, bt b nhiu ngi, bn cht mt s. Trc hnh ng d man ca Php, nhn dn c nc Marc bi th, bi kho, bi cng.

i hi ng Lin hp quc, 63 nc tn thnh mi i biu Tuynidi n t co ti c thc dn Php. Nhng i biu Php trnh mt, khng dm ra trc i hi ng. quc M th bnh vc thc dn Php, chng li Tuynidi.

Nhn dn ta khng chin chng thc dn Php v can thip M. Nhn dn Bc Phi cng chng thc dn Php v quc M. Nhn dn Bc Phi u tranh, lm cho th lc Php - M yu i mt phn. V mc ch chung l gii phng dn tc, v chng k th chung l thc dn Php v quc M, nn nhn dn Vit Nam ta st sng ng tnh vi anh em Bc Phi.

C.B.

Bo Nhn dn, s 90, t ngy 8 n 14-1-1953.

K NIM LNIN

ng ch Lnin ra i ngy 22-4-1870, mt ngy 21-1-1924. Th 54 tui.

Sut 25 nm, ng ch Lnin l ngi t chc v lnh o ng Cng sn Nga, i tin phong a giai cp v sn Nga n cch mng thng li, ng thi cng l ngi lnh o giai cp lao ng v cc dn tc b p bc ton th gii.

ng ch Lnin l ngi pht trin v thc hin ch ngha Mc v ngghen, l ngi dy bo chng ta ng li cch mng chc chn thng li. Trong bi vn tt ny, khng th k ht o c v cng n nh tri nh b ca ng ch Lnin. y chng ta ch c th nu vi im chnh mi ngi ghi nh, hc tp v thc hnh. ng ch Lnin dy chng ta:

i vi nhn dn, phi yu knh qun chng, gn gi qun chng, tin tng lc lng v i v u c thng minh ca qun chng, hc hi qun chng, i ng ng li qun chng, on kt v lnh o qun chng.

i vi k ch (nhng t tng sai lm, nhng xu hng thin lch, l k ch bn trong; quc, phong kin, cng tt c nhng k phn cch mng l k ch bn ngoi), th phi kin quyt, dng cm chng li, nht nh khng nhng b, khng tha th.

i vi cng vic, phi thy trc, lo trc, tnh trc. Phi cn nhc k nhng iu thun li v kh khn, kin quyt vt qua mi kh khn, pht trin mi thun li. Bt k vic to vic nh, u phi rt cn thn, khng hp tp, khng rt r. Bi khng nn, thng khng kiu. Tuyt i trnh ch quan, nng ni.

i vi ng: c lm ng vin ng cch mng l mt vinh d cao qu nht ca mi ngi. Vy mi ng vin:

1- Phi tuyt i tht th, trung thnh vi ng; quyt tm trn i u tranh cho s nghip ca ng.

2- V lun hon cnh no, a v no, cng phi quyt tm thc hin cho k c chnh sch ca ng v ca Chnh ph. Phi nghim khc gi gn k lut ca ng v ca Chnh ph.

3- Phi ht lng ht sc phc v nhn dn; phi hiu thu rng li ch ca nhn dn tc l li ch ca ng, v phi t li ch ca nhn dn v ca ng ln trn ht, trc ht.

4- ng vin phi lun lun lm gng mu trong cng vic chuyn mn, trong vic hc tp, trong tng gia sn xut, trong mi vic.

5- Phi tht th thnh khn t ph bnh v hoan nghnh qun chng ph bnh mnh, lun lun tin b.

6- Phi nng cao gic ng giai cp ca mnh v ca qun chng. Phi tuyt i v kin quyt gi vng s thng nht t tng, thng nht hnh ng ca ng.

Lnin dy chng ta phi ra sc chng quan liu, tham , lng ph. D v tnh hay l c , duy tr 3 bnh y tc l gip sc cho k ch v lm hi cho nhn dn, cho Chnh ph, cho ng.

ng ch Xtalin l ngi tha k v pht trin ch ngha Mc-Lnin. Di s lnh o ca ng ch Xtalin v ng Cng sn, nhn dn Lin X ang tin mnh t ch ngha x hi n ch ngha cng sn, lm cho Lin X tr nn mt thnh tr v cng vng chc ca nhn dn lao ng v cc dn tc b p bc, ca phe dn ch v ho bnh ton th gii.

Chng ta k nim ng ch Lnin, thng nh ng ch Lnin th cng phi hc tp v thc hnh ch ngha Mc-Lnin. l con ng duy nht cho chng ta a khng chin n thng li, kin quc n thnh cng.

C.B.

Bo Nhn dn, s 91,

t ngy 15 n 21-1-1953.

IN MNG NHN DP K NIMLN TH BA NGY T QUAN HNGOI GIAO GIA VIT NAM V LIN X

Knh gi i Nguyn soi Xtalin,

Nhn dp k nim ln th ba ngy Lin bang Cng ho X hi ch ngha Xvit cng nhn nc Vit Nam Dn ch Cng ho, mt ngy vinh quang ca lch s Vit Nam, thay mt nhn dn v Chnh ph Vit Nam v nhn danh ti, ti knh gi n i Nguyn soi, Chnh ph v nhn dn Lin X v i li cho thn i v thnh knh.

Di s lnh o ca i Nguyn soi, ti chc rng nhn dn Lin X v i s thnh cng ln lao trong cng cuc kin thit ch ngha cng sn v bo v ho bnh th gii. Ti cng tin chc rng vi s ng tnh v ng h ca nhn dn Lin X v i, nhn dn Vit Nam nht nh thnh cng trong cuc khng chin chng quc xm lc, ginh li t do v c lp, gp phn vo cng cuc bo v ho bnh ng - Nam v th gii.

Ti knh chc i Nguyn soi lun lun mnh kho.

Tnh hu ngh gia hai dn tc X - Vit mun nm!

Ch tchnc Vit Nam Dn ch Cng ho H CH MINH

Bo Nhn dn, s 92, t ngy 22 n 28-1-1953.

IN MNG NHN DP K NIMLN TH BA NGY T QUAN HNGOI GIAO GIA VIT NAMV TRUNG QUC

Knh gi Ch tch Mao Trch ng, Ch tch Chnh ph trung ng nc Cng ho Nhn dn Trung Hoa,

Nhn dp k nim ln th ba ngy nc Cng ho Nhn dn Trung Hoa cng nhn nc Vit Nam Dn ch Cng ho, thay mt nhn dn v Chnh ph Vit Nam v nhn danh ti, ti knh gi Ch tch, Chnh ph v nhn dn Trung Quc v i li cho thn i v thnh knh.

Ti knh chc Chnh ph v nhn dn Trung Quc, di s lnh o ca Ch tch, s thng li trong cng cuc kin thit v i, bc u l k hoch 5 nm ln th nht, trong phong tro khng M vin Triu v trong cng cuc bo v ho bnh chu v trn ton th gii.

Vi s ng tnh v ng h ca nhn dn Trung Quc, ti tin chc rng nhn dn Vit Nam nht nh thnh cng trong cuc khng chin chng quc xm lc ginh li t do v c lp, v gp phn vo cng cuc bo v ho bnh ng Nam v th gii.

Ti knh chc Ch tch lun lun mnh kho.

Tnh hu ngh gia hai dn tc Trung - Vit mun nm!

Ch tchnc Vit Nam Dn ch Cng hoH CH MINH

Bo Nhn dn, s 92, t ngy 22 n 28-1-1953.

BO COTRC HI NGH LN TH TBAN CHP HNH TRUNG NG NG1(kho II)

Khai mc cuc Hi ngh ny, li u tin l ti thay mt ton th Trung ng ta thn i gi li cho ng ch Xtalin v ng ch Mao Trch ng.

Xt li trong nm 1952, trn th gii c nhng vic quan trng nh sau:

V phe quc:

quc M i n bc ng cng, dng nhng th on cc k d man hung c m bn pht xt Htle cng khng dm dng, tc l M dng chin tranh vi trng git hi nhn dn Triu Tin. Vic lm cho nhn dn th gii kch lit chng li quc M. M li dng mi th on, nht l khng chu th ht t binh chin tranh, ph hoi cuc m phn nh chin do Lin X ra.

Ngoi vic dc ht lc lng chun b chin tranh, lm cho kinh t trong nc chng cng lm vo khng hong v nhn dn nc chng cng ngho nn, phe M li ra sc v trang li Ty c v Nht Bn, dng lm vy cnh, hng tin cng Lin X, Trung Quc. Song kinh nghim lch s cho ta bit rng: chng "nui cp, s b cp cn".

quc Php th vng lnh ca M m ra tay n p phong tro dn tc dn ch Php v phong tro dn tc gii phng cc nc thuc a Php. Chng khng qun cht nhiu ngi, hi nhiu ca, vn c sng c cht eo ui chin tranh xm lc Vit- Min - Lo. Phong tro ca nhn dn Php i c lp v chng chin tranh Vit Nam ngy cng cao. Tnh hnh kinh t v chnh tr kh khn ca Php khin Chnh ph phn ng Php lp ln xung 18 ln t 1945 n nay.

V phe dn ch:

Phong tro dn tc gii phng cc thuc a v cc nc ph thuc chu Phi, Cn ng v ng Nam ln u v mnh.

Phong tro ho bnh dn ch ngy cng lan rng. Hi ngh ho bnh chu v Thi Bnh Dng2 Bc Kinh (10-1952) v i hi nhn dn th gii bo v ho bnh Vin (12-1952) thnh cng to ln.

Hi ngh kinh t th gii3 Mc T Khoa (4-1952) ph chnh sch ca quc M bao vy kinh t Lin X v cc nc dn ch mi.

Cng vic xy dng ch ngha x hi cc nc dn ch mi ng u, c kt qu rc r.

Trung Quc thng li ln trong nhng cuc vn ng chng M, gip Triu, n p phn cch mng, chng quan liu, tham , lng ph v tr bn gian thng, chia rung t cho nng dn.

Vic chia rung t cho nng dn Trung Quc thnh cng to ln. Tnh n cui nm 1952, hn 500 triu nng dn c hng hn 700 triu mu rung. Trc kia, nng dn mi nm phi np cho a ch hn 30 triu tn thc a t, nay s thc y l ca nng dn. V thot khi ch p bc ca a ch, nng dn rt hng hi tng gia sn xut. Kt qu r rt l so vi nm 1949, th nm 1950 lng thc tng 20%, nm 1952 tng 40%.

Thnh phn x hi trong nng thn thay i rt nhiu, trc kia trong lng, trung nng chim 20% nay tng ln 80%, bn nng trc kia hn 70% nay gim xung ch c 10% n 20%. Quyn kinh t c nng cao th quyn chnh tr cng c nng cao v c m bo: ch tnh 4 khu Hoa Trung, Trung Nam, Ty Nam v Ty Bc, nng hi c hn 88 triu hi vin, trong hn 30% l ph n, 60% n 80% nng dn t chc thnh nhng hi i cng, hp tc x, v.v.. Nng dn lao ng thnh ct tr ca chnh quyn nng thn, do m nhn dn dn ch chuyn chnh v cng nng lin minh tr nn vng chc. Nng dn gip Chnh ph tiu dit hn 2 triu th ph. H va o knh va p c 1.700 triu thc khi t, cu c hn 660 vn mu rung khi nn lt li v hn hn. Khng b a ch p bc bc lt na, nng dn tiu dng di do; so vi nm 1949 th nm 1952 sc mua hng ca h tng 25%, do m cng ngh v thng nghip mau pht trin. Vn ho cng ln vn vt. Hn 49 triu tr con nng dn vo trng tiu hc. V trnh gic ng ln cao, lng yu nc thm nng nn, cho nn trong phong tro chng quan liu, tham , lng ph v trong cng cuc chng M, gip Triu, nng dn rt hng hi.

Nhng thng li y to iu kin cho Trung Quc nm nay lm ba cng tc to ln v chnh tr v kinh t, tc l: tip tc y nhanh cng cuc chng M, gip Triu, chun b bu c Quc hi, v bt u k hoch 5 nm.

i hi th XIX ca ng Cng sn Lin X (10-1952) chng nhng l mt thng li ln ca nhn dn Lin X m cng l thng li chung ca c giai cp cng nhn, nhn dn lao ng v cc dn tc nhc tiu ton th gii.

Bo co ca ng ch Malencp c trc i hi, ni r tnh hnh th gii hin nay, vch r m mu gy chin ca phe quc do M cm u, v nhng mu thun su sc gia cc quc; ni r s tin b ca phe dn ch do Lin X lnh o v lc lng to ln ca Lin X ang tin mnh n ch ngha cng sn. Bo co ca ng ch Malencp li dy chng ta cch tht th t ph bnh v ph bnh lun lun tin b.

Bo co ca ng ch Malencp v nhng bo co khc trong i hi u cn c trn nn tng l lun ca quyn sch do ng ch Xtalin mi vit, quyn "Nhng vn kinh t ca ch ngha x hi Lin X" v a nhng con s, nhng s tht chc chn chng t l lun y.

Quyn sch y pht trin v lm thm phong ph ch ngha Mc- Lnin. Trong mt quyn sch ch 100 trang, ng ch Xtalin nu ra v gii quyt nhng vn chnh, nh:

- quy lut kinh t trong ch x hi ch ngha,

- s sn xut hng ho trong ch x hi ch ngha,

- quy lut gi tr trong ch x hi ch ngha,

- cch nng cao ti sn ca nng trng tp th ln thnh ti sn chung ca ton dn,

- quy lut kinh t cn bn ca ch ngha t bn ngy nay v quy lut kinh t cn bn ca ch ngha x hi,

- 3 iu kin ct yu tin t ch ngha x hi n ch ngha cng sn,

- s xo b nhng phn bit chnh gia thnh th v nng thn, gia lao ng tr c v lao ng chn tay,

- th trng th gii chia lm hai th trng, v tng khng hong ca ch ngha t bn thm trm trng.

Quyn sch y dy chng ta xem xt thm sng sut tng lai ca th gii v lm cho chng ta cng chc chn v tin nht nh thng li ca chng ta. Cn b trong ng v ngoi ng cn phi nghin cu nhng ti liu ca i hi th XIX, nht l quyn sch mi ca ng ch Xtalin, v phi bit p dng vo hon cnh khng chin, kin quc ca chng ta.

ng ch Xtalin ch r nhim v v mc ch ca phong tro bo v ho bnh th gii hin nay.

Phe quc vn chun b gy chin. Nn chin tranh vn e do th gii. Nhng phong tro ng h ho bnh th gii ngy cng mnh. V gn y, cu tr li ca ng ch Xtalin cho bo M li cng t r thm chnh sch ho bnh ca Lin X. C nhin chnh sch y c nhn dn th gii nhit lit ng h. Chng ta c th on rng: nu phe quc in r y n th gii chin tranh, th th gii chin tranh th ba s kt liu ch t bn trn khp hon cu.

Trong i hi th XIX, ng ch Xtalin c mt bi din vn lch s, ch th cho nhng ngi cng sn v dn ch chng ta phi kin quyt nng cao ngn c dn tc v dn ch chin thng bn quc xm lc v lm chng ta thm tin tng vo tin v vang ca chng ta.

TNH HNH TRONG NC

Trc khi bo co tnh hnh trong nc, ti thay mt Trung ng v ton ng, thn i gi li cm n v khen ngi:

- B i ta (V quc qun, b i a phng, dn qun du kch) hng hi thi ua git gic lp cng.

- ng bo vng tm b chim cng nh ng bo vng t do hng hi thi ua tng gia sn xut, thi ua np thu nng nghip, thi ua i dn cng gip cc chin dch.

V phe ch:

u nm 1952, chng tht bi to chin dch Ho Bnh4 . Cui nm 1952, chng tht bi to chin dch Ty Bc5 .

Cng tht bi, chng cng in r. Chng thng tay bc lt, p bc, cn qut nhng vng du kch v vng tm b chim, hng pht trin ngu qun, ngu quyn, thc hin m mu dng ngi Vit nh ngi Vit, ly chin tranh nui chin tranh. Chng tm mi cch ph hoi ma mng v giao thng ca ta.

Mt mt khc, chng ly lc M, xin M vin tr thm cho chng, d M ang b sa ly Triu Tin.

Gn y, quc M, Anh, Php li nh lp mt mt trn thng nht do M cm u, chng li cuc khng chin Triu Tin, Vit-Min-Lo v M Lai.

ch cng tht bi th chng cng hung tn. Nn tuy thng li nhiu, chng ta quyt khng c ch quan, khinh ch. Tri li, chng ta phi lun lun nh rng xm lc t ai, bc lt nhn dn cc nc hu tin l mt trong nhng tnh cht cn bn ca t bn c quyn. quc Php, M rt thm mun ngun nguyn liu phong ph ca nc ta (nh go, cao su, than, thic...). Chng mun chim nc ta lm mt cn c qun s tin cng Trung Quc. V vy m chng c sng c cht bm ly Vit - Min - Lo. Cho nn khng chin ca ta nht nh thng li, nhng phi trng k v gian kh. V t nay cuc chin tranh gia ta vi ch s gay go, phc tp hn.

V pha ta:

duy tr khng chin trng k v a khng chin n thng li hon ton, chng ta phi lm g?

y ti c bit nhn mnh vo hai vn chnh sau y:

1. Lnh o khng chin v chnh sch qun s

nh thng thc dn Php, bn can thip M v l Vit gian b nhn ch sn ca chng, ta phi c mt qun i nhn dn tht mnh v lun lun tin b.

Sau nhng lp chnh hun, qun i ta tin b kh. iu c t r trong nhng thng li va qua. Qun i ta tin b nhiu v tinh thn, v chin thut cng nh v k thut. H vt nhiu kh khn gian kh lm trn nhim v. Du kch, vn ng, cng kin, b i ta u nh kh. ng bng, trung du, min ni, h u nh c.

Cn b cng nh chin s u tin b.

Chin s tin tng vo cn b.

Ton th qun i tuyt i tin tng vo s lnh o sng sut ca ng v Chnh ph, c th ni rng l mt thng li rt to.

Tuy vy, mt s n v cn mc nhng khuyt im nh: ham nh to, n to, ch quan khinh ch, t kiu t mn, t chc qu knh cng, ch ti chnh khng cht ch, ham chung hnh thc, cn b cha bit thng yu chin s nh anh em rut tht... T nay qun i ta phi quyt tm sa i nhng khuyt im y.

Nm nay chng ta c tip tc chnh qun pht trin v cng c nhng tin b thu c v sa cha nhng khuyt im.

V mt ch o khng chin v chnh sch qun s th chng ta phi lm nhng vic sau y:

1- Trnh ch mnh, nh ch yu phn tn lc lng ch v tiu dit sinh lc ch, m rng vng t do.

l phng hng chin lc ca ta hin nay.

2- B i ch lc chin trng Bc B th phi dng vn ng chin linh hot, tiu dit tng mng sinh lc ch, lm cho ch yu i, phi hp vi cng kin chin tng b phn, tranh ly nhng c im v th trn nh ch s h, yu t. Lm nh vy t mc ch nh chc, n chc, m rng vng t do. ng thi c th dng cng kin chin ht lc lng ca ch n m nh, phn tn lc lng ch, lm ri lon k hoch ca ch v to iu kin cho vn ng chin.

3- Chin trng sau lng ch phi m rng du kch chin tiu dit v tiu hao nhng b phn nh ca ch; chng ch cn qut, bo v tnh mng, ti sn cho dn; khuy ri, ph hoi, kim ch ch, tuyn truyn v gio dc qun chng nhng vng , thu hp ngun ngu binh ca ch, m rng vng du kch v cn c du kch ca ta, ng thnh lp v cng c nhng cn c khng chin sau lng ch.

4- Ngoi vic tng cng b i ch lc v xy dng b i a phng, vng t do v nhng cn c du kch kh to cn phi xy dng nhng t chc dn qun, du kch khng thot ly sn xut. Nhng t chc dn qun, du kch y chng nhng c th ph trch vic n p bn phn cch mng, gi gn tr an trong lng x, bo v li ch ca qun chng, u tranh vi ch v phi hp tc chin vi b i ch lc, m li c th dng b sung b i ch lc.

5- V vic ch o qun s cn phi kt hp nhng hnh thc u tranh ni trn mt cch linh hot, khn kho. Nh th, mt mt li cho b i ch lc c th tm nhiu c hi tiu dit ch; mt mt khc c th gip b i, du kch hot ng v gip cn c du kch ca ta sau lng ch pht trin v cng c.

6- Trong s ch o cc hnh thc u tranh ni trn, cn phi thit thc nhn r tnh cht trng k ca khng chin. Cho nn, phi rt ch gi gn sc chin u nht nh ca b i, khng nn lm cho b i hao mn, mt mi qu. ng thi cn phi yu cu b i chu kh, chu kh, kin quyt, gan d thi ua dit ch lp cng. Hai iu khng tri nhau, m kt hp vi nhau.

7- Phi tng cng cng tc chnh tr, lun lun nng cao trnh chnh tr v gic ng giai cp ca b i ta; phi bo m s chp hnh chnh sch ca ng v Chnh ph; phi trit gi gn k lut t gic v mt qun s v v mt chnh tr. V vy cn phi tng cng s lnh o ca ng trong qun i v phi thc hin dn ch trong b i.

8- Phi tng cng cng tc qun s, trc ht l phi lun lun xem trng vic hun luyn b i. Phi ra sc bi dng cn b, phi rn luyn t tng, nng cao trnh gic ng chnh tr, cng nh trnh chin thut v k thut ca cn b. l khu chnh trong cc th cng tc.

Phi tng cng cng tc ca B Tng tham mu v ca Tng cc cung cp. Cng tc B Tng tham mu phi tng cng mi c th nng cao chin thut v k thut ca b i. Cng tc ca Tng cc cung cp phi tng cng th mi c th bo m c s cung cp y cho chin tranh v nng cao sc chin u ca b i.

Nhng phi kin quyt phn i xu hng sai lm lm cho cc c quan phnh ln.

9- Phi c k hoch chung v vic xy dng v b sung b i. Ngoi vic ng vin thanh nin vng t do tng qun, cn phi rt ch tranh th v ci to ngu binh u hng ta b sung cho b i ta. T chc b i mi th khng nn hon ton dng cn b mi v binh s mi, m nn dng cch ly b i c lm nn tng m rng b i mi. ng thi cng khng nn vt sch b i du kch b sung cho b i ch lc.

10- Cn phi tng cng v ci thin dn dn vic trang b cho b i, nht l xy dng pho binh.

2. Pht ng qun chng nm nay trit gim t, thc hin gim tc tin n ci cch rung t

Ngay t khi Cch mng Thng Tm6 mi thng li, chnh quyn nhn dn thnh lp, Chnh ph ra lnh gim t. Nhng cho n nay, ni th gim khng ng mc, ni th cha gim. Thnh th ng bo nng dn khng c hng quyn li chnh ng ca h. Nh th th c ni "bi dng lc lng nhn dn, lc lng khng chin" cng ch l ni sung. Nm nay, chng ta phi kin quyt thc hin trit gim t.

Mun vy phi ra sc pht ng qun chng nng dn, lm cho qun chng t gic t nguyn ng ra u tranh trit gim t, thc hin gim tc v ginh ly u th chnh tr nng thn. ng v Chnh ph phi lnh o, t chc, gip , kim tra.

Sau khi gim t, gim tc, qun chng c pht ng, t chc vng chc, lc lng y , u th chnh tr v tay nng dn lao ng, a s nng dn yu cu th s thc hin ci cch rung t.

Ci cch rung t.

Nn tng ca vn dn tc l vn nng dn, v nng dn l ti i a s trong dn tc.

Nn tng ca cch mng dn ch cng l vn nng dn, v nng dn l lc lng cch mng ng nht chng phong kin, chng quc.

Hon cnh nc ta hin nay, bn ch th gic Php da vo a ch phong kin phn ng do b nhn Bo i ng u ph hoi khng chin, bn ta th vo b i, sn xut lng thc, i dn cng nhiu hn ht l nng dn.

My nm trc, v hon cnh c bit m ta ch thi hnh gim t, gim tc, nh th l ng.

Nhng ngy nay, khng chin 7 nm, ng bo nng dn hy sinh cho T quc, ng gp cho khng chin nhiu v vn sn sng hy sinh, ng gp na. Song h vn l lp ngi ngho kh hn ht, v thiu rung hoc khng c rung cy. l mt iu rt khng hp l.

Mun khng chin hon ton thng li, dn ch nhn dn tht th thc hin, th phi thit thc nng cao quyn li kinh t v chnh tr ca nng dn, phi chia rung t cho nng dn.

Ci cch rung t s gip ta gii quyt nhiu vn :

V qun s, nng dn s cng hng hi tham gia b i, gi lng gi nc, gi rung t ca mnh. ng thi ci cch rung t s c nh hng to ln gip lm tan r ngu qun.

V kinh t - ti chnh, nng dn n mc, tng gia sn xut c nhiu, th nng nghip s pht trin. H c tin mua hng ho, th th cng nghip, thng nghip v cng ngh ca giai cp tiu t sn v t sn dn tc, cng nh cng thng nghip quc doanh s c pht trin. Nng dn hng hi ng thu nng nghip th ti chnh ca Nh nc c di do.

V chnh tr, khi nng dn nm u th kinh t v chnh tr trong lng, nhn dn dn ch chuyn chnh s c thc hin rng khp v chc chn.

V vn ho, "c thc mi vc c o", kinh nghim cc nc bn cho chng ta thy rng: khi nng dn c rung cy, cm n, o mc th vn ho nhn dn pht trin rt nhanh.

Cn nhng vn khc, nh cng an nhn dn, thng binh bnh binh, v sinh nhn dn, v.v. u da vo lc lng qun chng nng dn m d dng gii quyt.

V Mt trn Lin - Vit7, sau khi ci cch rung t, Mt trn s c m rng hn, cng c hn, v on kt c tt c nng dn, tc l on kt ti i a s ng bo ta; c s ca Mt trn l cng nng lin minh s c vng chc hn.

Pht ng qun chng trit gim t, thc hin gim tc nm nay l mt vic rt to ln v quan trng. N s lm cho cng vic ci cch rung t sau ny. ng phi nh phng chm, chnh sch, phi c k hoch, phi c t chc, lnh o, kim tra. Trc nht l phi nh thng t tng trong ng, t trn xung di, phi nh thng t tng cc tng lp nhn dn, trc ht l nng dn. Trung ng phi c ch th r rng v vic ny. Mong cc ng ch nghin cu tht k v thm kin y .

Kinh t - ti chnh.

V kinh t - ti chnh, s c bo co ring. y ti ch nhc li rng: ta c tin b nhng tin b t. Thu nng nghip vn thu chm v khng ng mc. Chnh sch ca Chnh ph rt ng, ng bo rt hng hi ng gp, v sao m thu chm v khng ng mc? V nhiu cn b nht l cp di, thnh phn x hi khng thun khit, hoc khng nm vng chnh sch ca ng v Chnh ph, khng i ng ng li qun chng, khng gng mu, kt qu l khng lm trn nhim v.

Thu nng nghip nh vy, thu cng thng nghip, mu dch, dn cng, cng u nh vy. Nm nay, cn b cc c quan v cc a phng nht nh phi quyt tm sa cha nhng khuyt im thc hin thng bng thu v chi, bnh n vt gi, pht trin giao thng, tng gia sn xut. Chng ta phi ra sc bo v v pht trin vic sn xut, phi thc hnh tit kim, phi nhm vo gim nh s ng gp ca nhn dn v ci thin i sng ca nhn dn. Phi trit chp hnh chnh sch thu nng nghip v cc th thu khc, v chnh sch mu dch trong nc v mu dch vi ngoi, thc hin trit ch thng nht qun l ti chnh, chp hnh k lut ti chnh mt cch nghim chnh v tng cng cng tc u tranh kinh t vi ch.

Nm nay, ngoi hai vn ln l ch o khng chin v pht ng qun chng, ng v Chnh ph vn phi tip tc y mnh 3 nhim v ln v 4 cng tc chnh bt u t nm ngoi.

3 nhim v ln l:

- Tiu dit sinh lc ch,

- Ph m mu ca ch dng ngi Vit nh ngi Vit, ly chin tranh nui chin tranh,

- Bi dng lc lng nhn dn, lc lng khng chin.

4 cng tc chnh l:

- Thi ua tng gia sn xut v tit kim,

- y mnh cng tc trong vng sau lng ch,

- Chnh qun,

- Chnh ng.

3 nhim v v 4 cng tc y u quan h mt thit vi hai vn to ni trn.

V ch c thc hnh chnh sch rung t mt cch ng n v trit , th mi c th pht ng c qun chng ng o, mi c th da vo lc lng nng dn duy tr khng chin trng k, pht trin v cng c b i, tranh ly thng li hon ton.

Cn nhng vic quan trng khc m chng ta phi lm l:

Vn dn tc.

Chng ta phi c gng o to cn b dn tc thiu s v gio dc ng bo thiu s, chun b iu kin cho vic lp dn dn nhng vng dn tc t tr. Vic ny rt quan h vi khng chin. ch dng t tr gi chia r cc dn tc, ph hoi sc khng chin. Ta phi kp thi dng t tr tht on kt cc dn tc, y mnh khng chin.

Vn Vit - Min - Lo.

Cho n nay, chng ta gip khng chin Min - Lo cha ng mc. T nay chng ta phi c gng gip hn na. Ta phi nhn r rng: hai dn tc anh em Min, Lo c gii phng, th nc ta mi c gii phng tht s v hon ton.

Vn lin lc vi cc nc bn.

Nm ngoi, ta c nhng on i biu nhn dn i thm vi nc bn v i d cc cuc hi ngh quc t. Do m tnh hu ngh gia ta v cc nc bn khng kht thm. ng thi, ta li hc c nhiu kinh nghim qu bu ca cc nc bn. Nm nay, chng ta c gng pht trin mi quan h thn thin y.

Vn ng h ho bnh th gii.

My nm nay chng ta c lm, nhng mc khuyt im l c b rng khng c b su, hnh thc hn l thc t, v thng ch khon trng cho mt s cn b ph trch, cn nhng cn b khc th t quan tm n. Nm nay chng ta phi lm thit thc hn, phi lm cho nhn dn ta hiu rng: ng h ho bnh th gii c quan h mt thit vi pht trin khng chin ca ta.

Cc ng ch,

ng ta a cuc khng chin cu nc t bc thp n bc cao, t ch thng nh n ch thng ln. S d c nh th l v ng ta v ch c ng ta thm nhun ch ngha Mc - Lnin.

ng ta nhn r khng chin nht nh thng li, nhng phi trng k v gian kh. ng ta quyt lnh o qun i v nhn dn vt mi kh khn gian kh - m cng gn thng li cng nhiu gian kh kh khn - tranh ly thng li hon ton. S d c nh th l v ng ta v ch c ng ta ton tm ton lc phc v nhn dn, phng s T quc.

ng ta l mt ng tin phong anh dng. lm trn nhim v nng n m v vang ca ng th ton th cn b v ng vin, t trn n di, bt k a v no, lm cng vic g, u phi:

- kin quyt chp hnh ng chnh sch ca ng v Chnh ph;

- i ng ng li qun chng;

- quyt tm thc hin o c cch mng l cn kim lim chnh, ch cng v t, quyt tm ty b cho k ht bnh quan liu, tham , lng ph;

- lm gng mu trong vic thi ua hc tp, chin u, tng gia sn xut, v.v..

- tht th t ph bnh v ph bnh lun lun tin b.

Ti chc rng vi s lnh o, gio dc v kim tra ca Trung ng, vi quyt tm ca mi cn b, mi ng vin, vi s gip ca cc ng bn, vi s ph bnh, kim tho ca qun chng, chng ta nht nh lm c nh th v chng ta nht nh thng li.

Ti xin tuyn b cuc Hi ngh ln th t ca Trung ng khai mc.

c ngy 25-1-1953.

Ti liu lu ti

Vin Lch s ng.

BI NI TI HI NGH TNG KTCHIN DCH TY BC

Trung ng ng, Chnh ph v Bc bng lng cc ch ln ny cha phi l hon ton, nhng hn mi ln trc.

Cc ch c u im:

1- Cn b v chin s u tin b.

2- Cc ch thm nhun quyt tm ca Trung ng ng, a quyt tm y lm cho chin s thm nhun v ra sc tiu dit nhiu sinh lc ch. Cc ch vui v chu ng gian kh, khc phc c nhiu kh khn.

Th d: - Thiu lng t ng i ly lng v n m nh ui ch.

- C nhiu n v khng qun kh nhc i rt qua sng tro ni, gian kh vn gi vng c quyt tm ginh ly thng li.

- C b i ang nh Ty Bc c lnh vn hng hi quay v nh ch Ph Th.

3- Cc ch lm ng chnh sch ca Trung ng ng i vi ng bo thiu s. Cc ch bit gip dn, tuyn truyn chnh sch ca ng vo trong nhn dn.

4- Ln ny cc mt trn khc cng tch cc phi hp, n v no cng c chin thng, c ch lc, a phng v dn qun du kch.

Nhng cc ch cn c nhng khuyt im nh sau:

1- Cn b thng yu binh s cha ng mc, cn thiu st nh khi b i mt mi au yu, hay l i vi thng binh.

2- i vi ca cng, cc ch cha thm nhun chnh sch. Mi vin n, mi khu sng l m hi nc mt ca ng bo mnh. Chnh sch chin li phm cn nhiu n v lm cha ng, s dng cn ba bi khng cng bng, dn ch, cho b i thc mc, t nnh, nh hng xu n on kt.

3- Lm vic cn nhiu tnh cht quan liu, i khi, k hoch s sut, ch quan khinh ch v nh thng nhiu, nhng ci y s a n tht bi. ch bi cng v ch quan, quan liu.

Khng nn tch ring chin dch Ty Bc m xem. T bin gii chuyn n ng bng, c ch hoang mang, nhng Trung ng ng bo nh th cc ch nh c ng bng. nh ng bng quen mi, khng ng ln ni na. Khi nh Ho Bnh, Trung ng ni: ch th c ra cho ta bp. Ln Ty Bc, Trung ng ni: Quyt tm th nh c. Th ri cc ch c quyt tm v nh thng, do , chin s tin tng cn b. Tt c b i tin tng Trung ng ng v Chnh ph, nh m thng li ln. Nh th l Trung ng ng. Trung ng ni nh, cc ch quyt tm nh cho nn nht nh thng.

Ln ny 3081) c gii thng ca Bc, 308 phi lun lun gi ly danh d , quyt thi ua git gic lp cng nhiu hn, nhng khng c t kiu t mn. Cc n v khc cng phi c gng. Bc cn nhiu gii thng na.

Ln ny Bc cho mi Trung on 25 ci huy hiu v thng cho anh em c cng. Thng cho ai phi bo co cho Bc bit.

Cn vic na Bc dn:

Cc ch v phi nh ct nhc cc i vin v cn b lu nm. C chin s 5,6 nm khng c ct nhc.

V n v cc ch chuyn li hi thm ca Bc ti cc cn b v chin s.

Ni ngy 29-1-1953.

Sch H Ch tch vi

cc lc lng v trang nhn dn,

Nxb Qun i nhn dn,

H Ni, 1962, tr.142-144.

TH GI HI NGH NNG VNV DN VN TON QUC

Thn i gi Hi ngh nng vn v dn vn,

Cc ng ch,

Nng dn lao ng l mt lc lng rt to ln ca dn tc, mt ng minh rt chc chn ca giai cp cng nhn.

Mun khng chin thng li, kin quc thnh cng t phi da vo qun chng nng dn. Mun da vo nng dn t phi bi dng lc lng ca h. Mun nng dn c lc lng di do th phi lm cho h c rung cy, c cm n, o mc, nh .

ng v Chnh ph ra chnh sch rung t lu. Nhng n nay, chnh sch y cha c thc hin trit ; nng dn lao ng vn cha c hng quyn li chnh ng ca h.

Khuyt im y, mt phn l do Trung ng n c, kim tra khng cht ch. Nhng phn ln l do cn b:

- Khng nm vng chnh sch ca ng v Chnh ph,

- Khng i ng ng li qun chng,

- Khng nhn r vai tr quan trng ca nng dn,

- Khng sn sc n i sng ca nng dn,

- Lm vic th quan liu, mnh lnh, bao bin; khng lm gng mu, thm ch t t t li, lm tri hn chnh sch ca ng v Chnh ph.

V cn b ta mc nhng khuyt im y, cho nn a ch phong kin vn nm quyn kinh t v chnh tr nng thn, nng dn vn b p bc bc lt, v thu nng nghip, dn cng, tng gia sn xut u khng c nh mc nh.

Nm nay, chng ta nht nh phi pht ng qun chng trit gim t, thc hin gim tc v ginh u th chnh tr cho nng dn. l mt cng tc trung tm m ng, Chnh ph v ton dn phi thc hin cho k c.

Pht ng qun chng l mt vic rt quan trng v cng rt phc tp, cho nn phi chun b rt k cng, phi c phng chm r rng, k hoch y , cch lm chc chn. Trc nht l: - Lp trng giai cp ca cn b phi vng chc dt khot, "ng v pha no? phc v quyn li ai?", t tng ca cn b phi nh thng. C nh th, mi thi hnh ng chnh sch ca ng v Chnh ph, mi i ng ng li qun chng, mi pht ng c qun chng nng dn thc hin chnh sch rung t.

Mong cc c cc ch nghin cu k lng, bn bc thu sut, p dng ng n nhng ch th v ti liu v vic pht ng qun chng.

Chc cc i biu mnh kho. Chc Hi ngh thnh cng.

Cho thn i v quyt thngNgy 5 thng 2 nm 1953 H CH MINH

Bn chp bc th

lu ti Vin H Ch Minh.

BI NI TI HI NGH NNG VNV DN VN TON QUC

Nc ta phi i n dn ch thc s. Dn ch thc s l chng phong kin a ch v chng quc.

Sau 80 nm n l, nhn dn ta ni ln nh quc ginh li c lp. Bn phong kin a ch li mu bn nc. Trong chnh ph b nhn l nhng ai? Bo i v nhng tn u s khc u l bn i a ch phong kin. quc li dng phong kin a ch cp nc ta. Phong kin a ch bm vo quc p bc bc lt nhn dn ta. V th, mun khng chin thng li khng nhng phi nh quc m cn nh c phong kin a ch.

Cc nc dn ch mi nh Trung Quc, Triu Tin v cc nc dn ch ng u u chia rung t cho dn cy. Ni dung cch mng dn ch cn bn l gii phng cho nng dn, chia rung t cho nng dn. Ni dung cch mng dn tc cng l gii phng cho nng dn. Bao gi nng thn nng dn tht s nm chnh quyn, nng dn c gii phng th mi l dn ch thc s. V nc ta trong hon cnh c bit, cch mng va thnh cng th phi khng chin ngay, cho nn t n nay ng v Chnh ph p dng chnh sch gim t, gim tc hp vi iu kin nc ta, nh th l ng, nhng c ch gim cha ng, c ch cha gim, chnh sch gim t cha c thi hnh trit .

Chnh sch ca ng v ca Chnh ph l ng, v sao m khng thi hnh c trit ?

V cn b khng nm chnh sch, lp trng khng vng, mun c lng nng dn m cng mun c lng a ch, c khi mun c lng a ch hn, cn b t t t li; mnh tuy trong ng nhng cn ci ui phong kin a ch th ra. Cha gt ra sch t tng phong kin a ch, xui nng dn xung phong m mnh khng xung phong; thm ch tham , lng ph, cn b t khu, tnh, huyn, x hoc nhiu hoc t u mc khuyt im trn. Ni tm li, trong u c cn b cn rt nng nhng t tng a ch.

Cc c cc ch cn phi gt ra cho sch t tng phong kin a ch.

a ch cng c i ngi lm cch mng, nc ta cng nh cc nc khc, ta cng c vi ng ch, i a ch m lm cch mng, hi b mt c bao nhiu tin ca gip cho ng ht, cam tm chu t y. H tuy l ngi trong giai cp a ch nhng lp trng v t tng ng v phe v sn, l ngi ca giai cp cng nhn.

Chc cc c cc ch c nghe ni chuyn ng ch Bnh Bi Trung Quc, gia nh ng ch y l i a ch, i phong kin, nhng ng ch y t chc v lnh o nng dn u tranh rt quyt lit chng a ch phong kin.

Vn xut thn c quan h tht nhng nu xut thn l a ch nhng ng hn v pha nng dn, th khng phi l a ch na. Trung Quc gi nhng a ch hoan nghnh ci cch rung t l "thn s khai minh". Cho nn, nu kin quyt ra sch t tng a ch, th d xut thn l a ch vn tham gia c cch mng.

Ni tm li: lp trng phi cho vng, t tng phi dt khot.

Lp trng khng vng vng, t tng khng dt khot, th nghin cu g cng khng thc hnh c cch mng rung t.

V gim t cha thc hin c trit , cho nn nm nay ng v Chnh ph phi ch trng pht ng qun chng trit gim t. T nm 1949 c sc lnh gim t, n nay 4 nm m vn cha thc hin trit . Xem th bit rng gim t khng phi l mt vn gin n, n l mt b phn ca giai cp u tranh, giai cp nng dn u tranh vi giai cp a ch. y cng l mt chin dch, nhng chin dch ny to v rng hn chin dch Ho Bnh, Ty Bc, v n m ra khp c nc. N cng kh hn nh gic, v nh gic th a v kh ra m nh, trong chin dch ny nng dn khng a sng n ra nh vi ch, nhng phi dng mt th v kh mnh hn, tc l lc lng t chc v lc lng on kt ca hng triu nng dn. ng v Chnh ph l B Tng t lnh, B Tng tham mu ca cuc u tranh ny. Cng nh mi chin dch khc, n phi c chnh sch r rng, phng chm ng n, k hoch y , c t chc, c lnh o, ch khng phi ni "phng tay pht ng" qun chng l phng tay lung tung. Khi thi hnh khng c "t", khng c "hu". "T" v "hu" u tht bi. Phi theo ng chnh sch v phng chm. Cng nh nh gic, ta phi bit c th lm c g, cha lm c g, lm th no, bc u nh th no, bc th hai, th ba th no? Mun theo ng chnh sch, phng php, k hoch, mun lnh o ng, th lp trng phi vng, t tng phi thng.

T tng v hnh ng phi nht tr, l lun v thc hnh phi nht tr, cn b trn di phi nht tr, cn b v nng dn phi nht tr, th mi chc thnh cng.

Mt im na l phi tuyt i trnh ch quan; khng nm trng im m ci g cng mun nm ht, lm ht, mun cho mau, tng c phng chm chnh sch ri th ci g cng tri chy. Kinh nghim chng t rng giai cp a ch rt nhiu mu mo, rt xo quyt, rt hung c. Nguyn tc u tranh l: "Tri b tri k", ngha l bit ch bit ta. Nu ch bit mnh m khng bit ch hay l ch bit ch m khng bit mnh l ch bit mt na v khng th thnh cng. Giai cp a ch c trm phng nghn k, t mua chuc cn b, mi cn b n, g con cho cn b i n ch ph hoi ma mng, t chc ri lon, m st cn b v nng dn. a ch khng t m mu thm c no, i ph vi chng khng phi l d. Chng c kinh nghim t my nghn nm thng tr, nhiu mu mo, nu ta khinh ch th s tht bi.

Pht ng qun chng nh th no? Pht ng phi nhm vo t chc. Bt c lc lng no nu khng t chc cht ch th khng c hiu qu. Khi t chc ri phi gio dc, lm cho qun chng t gic, t ng, bit sc lc ca h, bit quyn li ca h, lm cho h mnh dn u tranh. Pht ng qun chng phi trnh bao bin, phi trnh quan liu mnh lnh, p buc, cn b v a phng l gip nng dn t chc, gip nng dn gic ng, on kt u tranh. Lm th no khi cn b rt i ri, phong tro vn c tip tc pht trin khng xp xung. Lc cn b v lng th phong tro ln, khi cn b rt i th phong tro xung, l v cn b quan liu mnh lnh, khng bit bi dng ct cn.

Pht ng qun chng khng phi nh la rm, t chy bng ln ri tt ngay. Phi lm cho qun chng gic ng, lm cho phong tro n su trong a phng, t qun chng nu vn , t h gii quyt vn , t h tranh u. Khng phi cn b hc c g ri th mang ni cho nng dn ngi nghe. V th, trc ht cn ch vn t chc. Hin nay c Nng hi ch c tn khng c thc, khng c sinh hot, thiu gio dc, v nhng phn t xu nm quyn lnh o. V th phi chnh n t chc, ni no cha c Nng hi th phi t chc, ni no c th phi cng c ri pht trin.

Khng phi t chc Nng hi ri l xong vic, v vn nng dn, vn rung t rt phc tp, cho nn t chc n cng phc tp v nhiu hnh thc. Ch t chc Nng hi tranh u gim t m thi th cng cha . Khi t chc tranh u gim t ng thi phi t chc tng gia sn xut. Nu ch t chc tranh u gim t v tng gia sn xut m thi, cng cha . Tng gia sn xut ci thin i sng ca nhn dn, cung cp cho b i, nhng cn phi t chc cng an, dn qun a phng ngn nga a ch ph hoi, gi gn nhng kt qu tranh u c v tng gia sn xut c.

T chc ri phi gio dc hun luyn qun chng. Phi ly thc t hnh ng tranh u hng ngy gio dc, lm cho qun chng thy lc lng ca h, pht huy sng kin, t h gii quyt vn , t h nng cao a v kinh t, chnh tr, vn ho ca h. Mun thc hin nh th, khng phi mnh lnh bt qun chng phi theo, m phi lm cho h t gic t ng. Cn b phi nm vng chnh sch ca ng, ca Chnh ph, i ng ng li qun chng. Qun chng rt nhiu sng kin, h hiu bit rt mau, nht l nhng ci thuc v quyn li ca h. Cn b phi tm hiu qun chng, phi hc hi qun chng lnh o qun chng. Cn b phi kin nhn, quyt tm, phi ch cng v t. Nu t t t li, lp trng khng vng, t tng khng thng, th ti gii g cng v dng, v qun chng rt thng minh. Ai ra sc phc v, ai t t t li, h bit ngay, khng giu c h.

Pht ng qun chng trit gim t khng phi l vic gin n d dng. Nhng c phi v kh m s khng? Ta phi thy r nhng phc tp, kh khn chun b khc phc n. Mun khc phc n th phi t chc qun chng, da vo qun chng, hc hi qun chng, i ng ng li qun chng, vic g cng bn bc vi qun chng, th d vn kh khn my cng s gii quyt c ht.

l mt chin dch to ln, phc tp, kh khn, phi thy r s thc nh th quyt tm khc phc. Nht nh ta lm c, v ta c ng, c chnh quyn, c Mt trn, c b i, c kinh nghim quc t, ng thi ta c hng triu chin s nng dn, khi gic ng th h l nhng chin s quyt chin quyt thng.

Vi mt B Tng t lnh, B Tng tham mu mnh m l ng, Chnh ph, vi mt b i c hng triu ngi, vi s cn b nh cc c cc ch y v hng nghn hng vn cn b khc th k ch no ta cng nh tan c.

Bc nhc my iu na.

Bc cm thy cc c cc ch a phng n y mang mt ba l vn mun gii quyt c y. Nh th l khng ng. Cc c cc ch phi bit rng khi v a phng th tnh hnh c th bin i khc, cho nn ch yu l cn b nm vng chnh sch, i ng ng li qun chng v quyt tm lm trn nhim v th d gp thin bin vn ho cng gii quyt c. V vy cc c, cc ch c gng nm vn chnh m nghin cu cho su, m nh thng t tng v t nhc nh mnh d kh khn phc tp my nhng quyt tm quyt ch th nht nh lm trn c. iu na l phi hiu: ng lnh o nng dn, khng phi nng dn lnh o ng; cc c cc ch phi nhn r mnh l giai cp cng nhn lnh o nng dn. Cn b no ni "mnh thay mt nng dn"... l ni sai. Mnh l ng vin phi phc v nng dn, lnh o nng dn khng chin kin quc, nhng khng phi l mnh ng vo a v nng dn.

Mong cc c cc ch c gng lm cho Hi ngh thnh cng.

Ni ngy 5-2-1953.

Ti liu lu ti

Vin Lch s ng.

BI NI CHUYN TRONG BUI KHAI MCLP CHNH HUN CN B NG, DN, CHNH C QUAN TRUNG NG

Trc ht ti thay mt cho Trung ng ng hoan nghnh i biu Chnh ph, Quc hi n tham gia bui khai mc ny.

Th hai ti thay mt Trung ng, cc c cc ch cm n cc anh ch em xy dng thnh nhng to ngang to dc nh th ny.

By gi vo :

Chng ta c th ni mt cch t ho l: ng Lao ng Vit Nam l tha k ca ng Cng sn ng Dng, l mt ng anh hng.

V ng lnh o nhn dn ni ln lm cuc Cch mng Thng Tm thnh cng, lnh o b i, nhn dn khng chin my nm v cng khng chin cng mnh.

Nu ng thp ton thp m th ti sao li phi chnh? L v c s ng ng vin gng mu, tn tm tn lc phc v cch mng, nhn dn, giai cp, nhng cn mt s, khng phi l t, khng lm ng chnh sch ca ng, ca Chnh ph, khng i ng ng li ca nhn dn, cn tu.

Nhng ng vin y cha thc ng n cho nn phi chnh.

Lc ng Lao ng Vit Nam ra i c tuyn b trc nhn dn, trc th gii, tuyn b th no?

"ng Lao ng Vit Nam gm c nhng cng nhn, nng dn, lao ng tr c yu nc nht, hy sinh nht, gm nhng ngi phng s nhn dn lao ng, ch cng v t, gng mu trong cng tc khng chin v kin quc".

Nhng cc c, cc ch cn b ng vin th hi mnh xem lm ng vi li ng tuyn b trc nhn dn, trc th gii cha? Cha ng!

Ch ly mt iu m ni: Trong iu l ng c ni: ng vin chng nhng phi gi k lut st, k lut t gic ca ng m cn phi gn gi k lut chnh quyn, ca c quan, on th cch mng, ca nhn dn.

S thc nhiu ng vin, cn b chng lm ng nh th, khng gi ng k lut ca chnh quyn, c quan on th, nhn dn. Thm ch c khi pht c th trng, b trng, i khng xin php, v khng bo co, tng l ng vin th mun lm tri lm t g th lm.

Cc ng vin cn b khng bit k lut ca chnh quyn, ca on th, nhn dn v ng cng l mt.

Cn ng vin cn b khng bit gi on kt gia trong v ngoi ng thnh ra lm chia r...

By gi ni chung cho anh em ngoi ng cng nh trong ng. Tc ng c cu: thng con cho roi cho vt, ght con cho ngt cho ngo. y ti ni tht ht, ni nh ru chm , r (dao ra) chm t. C khuyt im l ni k ht.

Cc cn b trong ng c ci tu nht l pht k lut ca on th, c quan, khng on kt gia trong ngoi. l khuyt im nht. Do y sinh nhiu khuyt im khc.

Lm nh vy tc l khng ng k lut ca ng, khng ng chnh sch, Tuyn ngn ca ng.

Cn anh em ngoi ng th no? Anh em trng ng, nhn ng qua nhng cn b ng vin y. Ri tng ng thin t, thin lch.

Cc s hiu lm y, ng phi ph trch mt phn, l v s gio dc ng vin nh vy cha y , s kim sot cha y .

Cn anh em ngoi ng nghi ng ng th c mt phn. Khuyt im l: thy cy nhng khng thy rng. Thy ng vin nh vy th tng ng cng nh vy.

Anh em ngoi ng cho ng l thin t thin v.

C khng? C. Nhng ci "thin" khng phi nh anh em ngoi ng tng. Ci "thin" y l:

Th d: hai anh A l ngi trong ng v B l ngi ngoi ng, hai ngi cng lm mt c quan y, cng c thnh tch nh nhau th anh A c khen thng thp hn anh B.

Tri li hai anh A, B cng c khuyt im, cng mt khuyt im y th anh A phi b ph bnh hay x tr nng hn anh B.

Mt th d na: trong vic chnh hun, tt c cc ng vin u phi n chnh hun, cn cc anh em ngoi nu t nguyn t gic tham gia th ng rt hoan nghnh, khng bt buc ai.

Ri y trong chnh hun phi c kim tho. Tt c cc ng vin bt buc phi o cho n tn gc tn r nhng sai lm; khng nh th l khng c.

Cn cc anh em ngoi, ti mong rng anh em tin hnh t ph bnh v ph bnh, ni cho ht sai lm, ng rt hoan nghnh lng t nguyn t gic .

ng khng c bao bc u! Ngh nh th l khng phi. Tuyn ngn ni: ng l ca cng nhn, nng dn, lao ng tr c. Nh vy, ng khng phi l nhm tranh a v, tranh tc lc.

Nhng cng do nhng hnh ng, thi ca ng vin, cn b trong c quan, on th lm anh em cn b ngoi ng, nht l c quan chnh quyn m a s l tr thc, c mt thnh kin khng ng tng ng v Chnh ph khng trng tr thc.

M chnh anh em cn b cng c cm tng nh vy. S thc khng phi nh th.

Chnh l nhng ng cch mng li cng trng tr thc: v mun pht trin vn ho th phi cn thy gio, mun pht trin sc kho ca nhn dn th phi cn thy thuc, mun pht trin k ngh phi cn cc k s, v.v..

Tm li cch mng rt cn tr thc v chnh ra ch c cch mng mi bit trng tr thc.

Nhng trng tr thc nh th no? Khng phi tt c u l trng.

Tr thc ng trng l tr thc ht lng phc v cch mng, phc v nhn dn.

Th d rt r rng: ln u tin ta c cuc bu cc anh hng chin s lao ng. Trong 7 anh hng lao ng c mt anh hng lao ng tr c l ch Ngha. Trong 150 chin s lao ng c hn 10 chin s lao ng tr c.

Ni rng hn na, cc c cc ch xem, ch c tr thc nh Lin X v cc nc dn ch mi mi c pht trin, trng i v bi dng.

cc nc t bn khng th c c.

Vy v sao ng v Chnh ph ta li trng tr thc?

1) V ng v Chnh ph mun xy dng nc dn ch nhn dn, nh pht trin vn ho, gi gn sc kho cho nhn dn, xy dng k ngh.

2) Tr thc nc ta cng nh tr thc ti cc nc thuc a, bn thuc a hay cc dn tc b p bc, khc vi tr thc cc nc t bn quc.

cc nc t bn quc, tr thc a s l trong giai cp t sn m ra ri li tr li phc v cho t bn.

nc ta th khc, d l tr thc mt s kh ng thuc thnh phn ph nng, a ch, phong kin, t sn m ra nhng cng u b quc p bc.

Th d: 2 ngi cng hc mt trng, 2 ngi cng thi , trong khi hc th ngi tr thc Vit gii hn ngi Php. Nhng lc ra lm vic th ngi Vit li di ngi Php v n lng cng di ngi Php.

L v ngi Vit trong dn tc Vit Nam cho nn b quc p bc v quc p bc c l v h da vo lc lng phong kin Vit Nam. quc da vo phong kin v tri li phong kin cng da vo quc p bc nhn dn Vit Nam.

V vy tr thc Vit Nam c u c dn tc v u c cch mng.

V cng c u c dn tc v v c hc thc nn xem c sch, bit c dn ch, bit c lch s cch mng, nht l lch s cch mng Php, nn d hp th c tinh thn cch mng.

Tr thc Vit Nam khc vi tr thc t bn quc nh vy. Cng v vy lc hiu bit, tr thc ta d theo cch mng, v v vy ng cch mng phi du dt, gip tr thc ca ta da vo phe cch mng, phe cng nng.

Trong my nm khng chin, mt b phn ln tr thc Vit Nam chu kh chu kh i vi khng chin, phc v cho khng chin.

Th l tr thc ca ta, tr thc Vit Nam c u im y.

Nhng khng phi nh vy l tr thc ca ta m ni chung l giai cp tiu t sn Vit Nam khng c khuyt im.

Tr thc ta c khuyt im nhiu ch khng phi l t m khuyt im cng l do nn gio dc nhi s, chia r, n l ca quc phong kin lm cho anh ch em tr thc c khuyt im y.

Khuyt im y l g?

C nhn ch ngha: ci g cng ch bit c mnh v gia nh mnh ch t khi ngh n ci gia nh ln l dn tc, ci mnh ln hn l phi ho vo vi dn tc.

Do khuyt im ny nn sinh ra khuyt im khc. Khuyt im khc l g?

Tnh khng kin quyt: lm vic g cng thiu kin quyt. Lc vui, hng ln th lm. Nu gp tr ngi hay tht bi l tht li. V khng kin quyt nn d lung lay.

Thi ch i bng quan: mt thi gi l ngoi giai cp. Tc l cho mnh l tr thc th khng ng phe no. Cho rng phe no cng c ci hay ci d. Cch mng cng c ci hay, quc cng c ci hay. Cng nhn th mc mc nhng th tc, quc c ci "lch s, vn minh".

Mt ngi ng trong x hi khng th ngoi giai cp, "siu giai cp" c.

ng ngoi tc l b kp, nh:

- Cy ma gia my p.

- Ngi gia hai gh th nht nh s ng.

Ch c th ng v mt phe thi. ng ch no l phi ng cho vng, ng chng chnh trong khi x hi c giai cp ng bin chuyn mnh l b bp, s b ri ra mt.

Tnh bo th: tc l khng c sng kin. Trc th no l sau c lm th. Khng c chu ngh ra ci mi. Ngh n ci mi l ngi, khng mun tin b.

X hi by gi ngy mt pht trin. T tng hnh ng cng pht trin. Nu c gi ly ci kp giy c khng thay i l khng i n u c.

c lm thu: u c: "n cm cha ma ti ngy". Khng c u c: cho mnh cng l mt ngi quc dn th li ch ca quc dn mnh phi chu mt phn, phi gnh mt phn. Nc nh c tin b phi gnh vc mt phn, phi a dn tc nc nh tin b ln.

Thi nh trn l thi lm sao khng ai ch trch mnh l c, l khng thy mnh cng l mt b phn ca ngi ch ca nc nh.

Cng t gc c nhn ch ngha nn c:

a v: khng cn c vo cng vic ca mnh, vo nng lc ca mnh m c so snh anh ny l trng phng, ch nhim, anh kia l ph phng, ph ch nhim.

Ni tm li:

Nhng bnh trn y l bnh chung ca giai cp tiu t sn v anh ch em tr thc b vn ho nhi s ca thc dn li.

Bt k anh ch em ng vin hay khng ng vin l u c c.

V c khuyt im y nn n ngn tr mnh khng c c mt ch kh cao thng, mt nhn thc mnh l mt b phn lm ch ca nc nh.

Ti nay tt c cc ng vin v khng ng vin m i a s l tr thc, l tiu t sn, t xt mnh li xem vi nhng khuyt im y.

V ng v Chnh ph bit l khng chin v kin quc th phi cn trong mi ngnh: kinh t ti chnh, qun s, vn ho c nhng ngi tr thc gip vo mi thnh.

Do vy ng v Chnh ph rt ch n vic gip anh em tr thc c tin b, ci to t tng, ng thi o to ra tr thc mi t lp cng nhn, nng dn ra.

Tr thc khng c bao gi tha, ch c thiu tr thc thi. Nhng m vic ci to, vic gio ho tr thc (bt k l ng vin hay khng ng vin) ca ng cn rt t nn nh hng s gio dc quc cn su, su lm.

Cc c cc ch cn nhn r vic ci to y l phi t nguyn t gic, mnh mun gip khng chin, kin quc th phi t nguyn ci to.

ng thi phi bit l vic ci to khng d u! l mt cuc cch mng trong ngi; n lu di v gian kh.

Ai khng hiu nh th l sai lm.

Vic tranh u vi k ch tin tuyn bng sng, bng gm cn d, nhng vic tranh u vi k ch trong ngi, trong ni b, trong tinh thn, l mt kh khn, au xt.

Khng phi l vic d, v vy phi c quyt tm tranh u mi c.

Mt th d: anh em tr thc khng quen lao ng. By gi ra lm cng tc lao ng, cuc t ngi s mt mi, s ngi. Vic cng cn phi quyt tm v bn ch. Ngi mt mi, hm sau mun ng thm mt gi na.

y l mt vic cn tranh u! v khng phi l d u. Cn ni v tinh thn, thi , thi quen, th cng kh na.

Nh vy tht l mt cuc tranh u trng k, gian kh, phi c quyt tm mi c.

Vy nhim v ca ng, ca Chnh ph, nht l cc ng vin cn b trong ng cng nh ngoi ng, phi gip nhau cng tranh u, cng ci to.

Vic ci to i n u?

Ci g cng phi c tng bc, c mc ch. N i n mc ch: tr thc lao ng ho, cng nng ho.

ng c 2 chnh sch:

- Cng nng tr thc ho.

- Tr thc cng nng ho tc l anh em tr thc cng bit trng lao ng, cng bit lm lao ng, hp thnh mt khi vi cng nng, nng cao trnh cng nng v vn ho l lun.

y mi l tht th on kt.

khng phi l mt m tng. Lin X i n ri. C nhiu gio s i hc cc chin s cng nghip, nng nghip, c chin s cng nghip, nng nghip i vo hc ti cc trng i hc.

Lm nh trn nhm vo mc ch: khng chin thng li, kin quc thnh cng.

V vy cho nn trong cc cuc chnh hun, ng rt hoan nghnh anh ch em ngoi ng, nhng khng bt buc ai, t nguyn t gic hc tp, kim tho i n mc ch cng nng tr thc kt thnh mt khi cng nhau tin b.

Trc ht l phi ci to t tng. V c ci to t tng th sau anh ch em tr thc mi pht trin c ht sng kin, tinh thn trch nhim, thc lao ng v trau di cho mnh thc mnh cng l mt b phn trong ch nhn ca dn tc, ca khng chin, ca kin quc.

Sau lc kim tho, tc l bc u ci to, mnh c mt lp trng, ng vo phe no, lc phi nht nh, kin quyt, kin c.

ng v phe b p bc bc lt tc l phe cng nhn, nng dn, hay phe i bc lt th phi dt khot, khng th ngi trn 2 gh c.

Nm nay, ng ngh v Chnh ph quyt ngh: trit gim t. Chnh sch ny ra my nm nay xt li cha lm u vo u c.

Nng dn l nhng ngi ng gp nhiu nht cho khng chin, ng gp sc ngi, sc ca m nhng ngi vn b thit thi, trc ht l bn c nng.

Bi vy nm nay Chnh ph quyt nh phi trit gim t, nng dn c hng li ch bc u ca h, nng dn hng hi ng gp sc ngi, ca cho khng chin.

By gi cc cn b trong ng, cc c quan, cc ngnh ng v phe no?

Chc chn i! Dt khot i! ng v phe nng dn hay a ch? Chc cc ch cc c cng bit: quc da vo lc lng no? Vit gian, phong kin, a ch.

My tn Vit gian l ai? u l phong kin a ch, c mt s l t sn mi bn.

Sc khng chin, s hy sinh trc mt trn nhiu nht l ai? L bn c nng.

ng v phe no?

ng v phe hy sinh ngi, ca cho khng chin hay ng v phe theo quc phn khng chin?

ng v phe tng lai, phe cch mng hay ng v phe qu kh, phe phn ng?

- y l lp trng, phi dt khot, khng c ng gia. Cc c cc ch ngh cho k.

Mt vic na l: ng v Chnh ph rt mong mun, rt c gng m on kt vi tng lp tr thc, on kt lu di trong khng chin, trong kin quc, thc hnh x hi ch ngha.

ng v Chnh ph thnh tm gip tr thc tin b mi ln trn bc ng v vang , ng thi o to tr thc trong cng nng ra. Khng phi l dng cch "a o nu ln, o trng xung" hay "vt cam vt xc". Tr thc cng nng ho, tr thc phc v nhn dn by gi cng cn, khng chin kin quc cng cn, tin ln x hi ch ngha cng cn, tin ln cng sn ch ngha li cng cn.

Bi v x hi tng lai l mt x hi khng c phn bit gia tr c v chn tay.

V vn ho ngy cng cao ln, th thi quen ca tr thc ngy cng hp vi lao ng.

Ci anh em tr thc cn phi r. Khng phi l on kt nht thi. Trn y l thi , mc ch ca ng vi anh ch em tr thc v khuyt im ca cn b ng vin cc c quan on th v u khuyt im ca cc anh ch em ngoi ng.

Mt im na:

Gn y ng c th cng khai trit . Tr mt s vic tht l trong ng khng a ra ngoi. Cn phn nhiu vic m hu ht cc cn b khi khai hi s mi anh em ngoi tham gia, pht biu, ph bnh, nh vy lm cho ngoi ng cng gn gi ng v cng l mong mun ca ng.

Lm nh vy th:

- Mt mt trong c ng kim tra n c.

- Mt mt c anh em ngoi kim tra n c.

Nh th ng vin v cn b ngoi ng cng c gio dc.

Nu ng vin khng gng mu, ngi ngoi ng c th ni l khng xng ng. Hoc anh em ngoi gng mu th c th ngh ng cng nhn l ng vin.

ng s thnh mt ng ca nhn dn qun chng thc s. Nh th th khuyt im mi sa cha c, u im s pht huy c.

Nhng phn t u c vo ng c s n c kim tra ca ng v nhn dn, s b lt ra v ng s thnh trong sch, kiu mu, thnh tm thnh phng s nhn dn, cch mng v tt c cc ng vin mi thnh ngi kiu mu, on kt gip c anh em ngoi ng.

ng s i n bc khng xa na.

Nh y, lp chnh hun ny l bc u i n y. Cc c cc ch trong ngoi ng nghin cu thy, nhn xt thy ri t nhn xt ph bnh, cng l bc u .

Vy ng vin bt buc, lc kim tho, ph bnh t ph bnh phi tht thnh khn, o n tn gc r u khuyt im, phi ni cho ht.

V cc anh em ngoi ng:

C g phi ni ht.

C hoi nghi g ng phi ni ht.

i vi ng vin cng c quan c g phi ni ht.

y khng phi l ni xu m l gip cho ng sa cha.

Rt hoan nghnh v mong cc c, cc ch lm c.

Ni th ng v tinh thn on kt thn i, c nhin khng phi l ni chua ni cht, ni cnh ni kho.

Lm nh vy l gip cho ng tin b.

Sau cng: hin nay ta ang khng chin, b thiu thn, chin s ngoi mt trn phi chu cc chu kh.

Nhng ng c gng tp trung anh ch em n y, vy phi thi ua, thi phi thnh thc cu tin b, cn phi on kt. Lc kt thc lp hc phi thnh mt ngi mi, tin b nhiu.

Tc l mi ngi thi ua hc tp, tin b, kim tho cho kt qu. Hc xong tr v c quan gip anh em nh m tin b gip cho cng vic khng chin, gip cho cng vic kin quc.

Cc c cc ch phi c gng khng ph s chm sc c gng ca ng, ca anh ch em c quan nh.

Cc c cc ch c lm c khng?

Mong cc c cc ch lm c.

Ni ngy 6-2-1953.

Ti liu lu ti

Vin Lch s ng.

TH CHC TT XUN QU T, 1953

Mng nm Thn va qua,

Mng Xun T ti.

Mng pht ng nng dn,

Mng hu phng phn khi.

Mng tin tuyn ton qun

Thi ua chin thng mi.

Mng ton dn kt on,

Mng khng chin thng li.

Mng nm mi, nhim v mi,

Lc lng mi, thnh cng mi.

Mng ton th chin s v ng bo,

Mng phe dn ch ho bnh th gii.

H CH MINH

Bo Nhn dn, s 95.

t ngy 11 n 15-2-1953.

IN MNG NHN DP K NIMNGY HNG QUN LIN X

Knh gi i Nguyn soi Xtalin,

Nhn dp k nim Ngy Hng qun, thay mt Chnh ph, qun i v nhn dn Vit Nam v nhn danh ti, ti xin gi ng ch li chc mng chn thnh v knh chc Hng qun Lin X ngy cng hng mnh bo v T quc x hi ch ngha v ho bnh th gii.

Ch tchnc Vit Nam Dn ch Cng hoH CH MINH

Bo Nhn dn, s 96,

t ngy 21 n 25-2-1953.

PHNG TAY PHT NG QUN CHNG

Nm nay, Chnh ph, ng v Mt trn quyt nh phng tay pht ng qun chng trit gim t, thc hin gim tc. l mt vic rt cng bng v rt hp l. V sao?

V ti i a s nhn dn ta l nng dn. Trong V quc qun, b i a phng, dn qun du kch, ti i a s chin s l nng dn. i dn cng gip vic Chnh ph v b i, ti i a s l nng dn. ng thu nng nghip nui b i v cn b, nng dn cng hng hi nht. Thi ua tng gia sn xut ci thin sinh hot cho ton dn, nng dn cng hng hi nht. Ni tm li: trong cng cuc khng chin kin quc, nng dn ng gp nhiu nht, hy sinh nhiu nht, cng lao nhiu nht. Th m h li ngho kh nht, v a t qu nng, n li qu cao.

Nng dn ta c cng vi T quc, th trit gim t, l b p li mt phn no cho cng lao ca nng dn.

Trit gim t c li cho mi tng lp nhn dn nh th no?

C li cho nng dn, l s nh.

C li cho nhng nh cng ngh, tiu cng ngh v thng nghip, v nng dn sinh hot kh, th s mua nhiu hng, cng ngh v thng nghip s cng pht trin.

C li cho nhng ngi tr thc, nh vn ho. V nng dn "bng no th lo hc", v vn ho nhn dn ngy thm phong ph.

C li cho qun i ta. V nng dn "thc tc", th "binh cng", v nng dn thanh nin s cng hng hi tng qun.

C li cho Mt trn. V s on kt c cht ch i a s nng dn, v cng c thm cng nng lin minh l nn tng ca Mt trn.

V cng c li cho nhng a ch yu nc. V l mt dp h thc hnh vic "s o nhng cm".

Trit gim t l vic c li chung cho c nc, th v sao cn phi phng tay pht ng qun chng?

V bt k vic g, nu khng pht ng qun chng, th khng lm c trit . Chnh ph ra sc lnh gim t my nm ri, nhng n nay ni th cha gim, ni th gim cha trit . l v qun chng cha c pht ng.

Mun gim t trit , th trc nht phi pht ng qun chng nng dn, lm cho nng dn t gic t ng, on kt cht ch, t chc vng chc, u tranh hng hi, tranh cho k c quyn li chnh ng ca mnh.

Phi pht ng nhng tng lp nhn dn khc, lm cho ai cng hiu r rng trit gim t th h c li, mi ngi ng tnh v ng h nng dn.

Cng cn gii thch cho nhng ngi a ch thy r li hi i ng.

phng tay pht ng qun chng, th tt c cn b ca chnh quyn v on th u phi c nh thng t tng, phi gi vng lp trng, thm nhun chnh sch ca ng, Chnh ph v Mt trn, theo ng ng li qun chng. Phi ch cng v t, ton tm ton lc phc v li ch ca qun chng nng dn (trc ht l c nng, bn nng v trung nng). Nh th, th vic pht ng qun chng trit gim t, thc hin gim tc nht nh thnh cng tt p.

Mun thit thc k nim ngy thnh lp ng v ngy thng nht Vit Minh - Lin Vit nm nay, cn b v ng vin cn tch cc chun b mi mt, quyt trit hon thnh cng tc pht ng qun chng.

C.B

Bo Nhn dn, s 97,

t ngy 1 n 5-3-1953.

DIN VN KHAI MC CUC HPK NIM NGY 3-31)

Tha cc c,

Cc anh ch em v cc chu,

Ti thay mt ng Lao ng Vit Nam v Mt trn Lin - Vit hoan nghnh i biu nhn dn cc nc bn Cao Min v Lo, cc anh hng v chin s thi ua i quc, i biu ng bo min ni v ng bo a phng. Ti c li thn i hi thm Qun i nhn dn ang anh dng chin u, hi thm ng bo dn cng ang thi ua phc v.

y ti ch nu vi im rt quan trng v tnh hnh th gii v trong nc. Thng 10-1952, c mt vic quan trng nht trong th gii l i hi th XIX ca ng Cng sn Lin X. i hi tng kt nhng thng li to ln ca nhn dn Lin X v quyt nh k hoch tin mnh n ch ngha cng sn. Cc i biu ta i d i hi nhn dn th gii bo v ho bnh c qua Lin X th trng thy s tin b to ln Lin X v mi mt. Ai tng thy s u tranh gian kh, kin quyt ca nhn dn Lin X sau Th gii chin tranh th hai, th mi hiu r s thnh cng hin gi to ln n mc no!

Mt vic quan trng na l Trung Quc, cch mng thnh cng mi 3 nm, do ng Cng sn v Chnh ph Trung Quc lnh o, do nhn dn Trung Quc kin quyt phn u, m nm nay Trung Quc ang lm 3 cng vic rt ln c nh hng n th gii, nht l nh hng n nc ta. Vic th nht l tng cng s gip Triu chng M. Vic th hai l nm nay, Trung Quc s c cuc tng tuyn c, mt cuc tng tuyn c to ln nht trn th gii v trong lch s, trong c 300 triu ngi s i b phiu. Vic th ba l nm nay, Trung Quc bt u k hoch 5 nm i kin thit.

Mt vic na c nh hng, c lin quan c bit v tinh thn vi chng ta l Qun i nhn dn Triu Tin v Qun ch nguyn Trung Quc gn y thng li nhiu trn to.

Anh em ta mnh tc l ta mnh. V anh em ta mnh cng khuyn khch, gip cho chng ta mnh.

nc ta, do ng cng Chnh ph lnh o ng n v kin quyt, do nhn dn v qun i ta c gng, cho nn so vi my nm trc, th v qun s cng nh v mi mt u tin b kh. Nhng chng ta khng nn t mn, t tc. Tri li, chng ta phi nhn r khuyt im sa cha. Nh hu phng tin khng kp tin phng. Nhn dn tng gia sn xut khng tin kp bc tin ca b i. iu y rt r. V sao? Nhn dn ta c c gng khng? C. Nh mi ngnh u c hng nghn, hng vn chin s thi ua. Nhng v sao vic sn xut ca ta khng tin kp thng li qun s? V i a s nhn dn ta l nng dn, m nng dn th mt phn ng cha tht s nm quyn chnh tr, cha tht s c gii phng v kinh t.

sa cha khuyt im y, lm cho hu phng cng tin b nh tin phng, nhn dn cng tin b nh qun i, bi dng sc khng chin cng ngy cng mnh, ng, Chnh ph v Mt trn nm nay kin quyt pht ng qun chng trit gim t, thc hin gim tc. T ng vin cho n hi vin trong Mt trn, cn b ng, Qun, Dn, Chnh s phi tham gia phong tro pht ng qun chng, ton tm ton phc v nhn dn.

T ngy nhn dn ta nm chnh quyn th Chnh ph ra thng t gim t, gim tc. Nm 1949, Chnh ph li ra sc lnh gim t, gim tc. Nhng s tht th th no? C ch lm kh, c ch lm va va, c ch khng lm. , mt phn l v ng, Mt trn, Chnh ph n c, kim tra khng chu o. Khuyt im y chng ta phi nhn. Nhng mt phn na l v trong cn b a phng c mt s kh ng khng trong sch, khng ht lng ht sc thc hin chnh sch ca ng, ca Chnh ph, ca Mt trn, mt s khc th t t t li. Mt c na l v chnh quyn a phng, nht l cc x, cn nm trong tay nhng phn t c, ni r l cng ho, phong kin. Nhng nguyn nhn th nht l v nng dn cha c t chc cht ch, pht ng mnh m t gic t ng u tranh ginh li li quyn chnh ng ca mnh. V vy, nm nay ng, Chnh ph, Mt trn phi kin quyt pht ng qun chng, t chc qun chng, lnh o qun chng, tranh ly li quyn thit thc ca qun chng, bi dng lc lng khng chin, lc lng sn xut ca chng ta.

Pht ng qun chng khng phi l vic hiu h. Pht ng qun chng l u tranh; m u tranh th c i tng. i tng u tranh l nhng ngi khng tht th gim t, gim tc. Nghe ni u tranh th chc c ngi thc mc: khng bit u tranh n u, u tranh ra th no? Ti c th tuyn b rng i tng u tranh ca qun chng l nhng ngi khng thc hnh chnh sch ca ng, ca Chnh ph, ca Mt trn, khng gim t, gim tc. i vi Vit gian, i vi cng ho gian c th Chnh ph v nhn dn s thng tay trng tr. i vi thn s yu nc, tht th khng chin, tht th lm ng chnh sch ca ng, ca Chnh ph, ca Mt trn th chng ta nht nh phi on kt. Th l r rng.

By gi, ti xin ni qua cng vic ca ng Lao ng Vit Nam. Nh trong Tuyn ngn ca ng ni, ng phi ra sc on kt ton dn y mnh khng chin. on kt cc ng bn, cc on th trong Mt trn. Khng phi on kt ngoi ming, m on kt bng vic lm, on kt bng tinh thn, on kt tht s. Ti xin ni mt th d: ng Lao ng c m nhng lp chnh hun. Trong nhng lp y, cng hoan nghnh ng vin cc ng bn tham gia; cng hoan nghnh cc cn b khng ng phi tham gia. l mt chng c on kt tht s, cng nhau tin b. Li on kt vi nhn dn Min - Lo, on kt vi nhn dn Trung Quc, on kt vi nhn dn cc nc bn khc.

Vi lc lng nhn dn ta, b i ta, vi tinh thn kin quyt t trn xung di, t di ln trn, vi lc lng ho bnh th gii, vi lc lng ngy cng pht trin, cng mnh m ca cc nc bn, th cuc khng chin ca ta phi trng k, gian kh, nhng nht nh thng li.

Bo Nhn dn, s 100,t ngy 11 n 15-3-1953.

IN CHIA BUN V VIC NG CHCLMEN GTVAN T TRN

Knh gi ng ch Dapttxki, Ch tch Hi ng Chnh ph nc Cng ho Tip Khc,

Thay mt nhn dn v Chnh ph nc Vit Nam Dn ch Cng ho v nhn danh c nhn ti, ti knh gi ng ch li chia bun trc ci cht au n ca ng ch Gtvan, v Ch tch knh mn ca nhn dn Tip, v lnh t thn yu ca phong tro dn ch ho bnh th gii.

Ti tin chc rng nhn dn Tip s on kt cht ch hn na xung quanh ng Cng sn v Chnh ph Tip, ng tip tc s nghip v i ca ng ch Gtvan, xy dng ch ngha x hi v bo v ho bnh th gii di s lnh o ca Lin X, theo ng ng li ca ch ngha Mc - Lnin.

Ngy 15 thng 3 nm 1953Ch tch nc Vit Nam Dn ch Cng ho H CH MINH

Bo Nhn dn, s 102,

t ngy 21 n 25-3-1953.

BI NI TI HI NGH CN B LIN HIPpH N TON QUC V VN PHT NG QUN CHNG NNG DN

Ai pht, ai ng, ai l qun chng?

Trc khi pht phi th no? Trong khi pht phi th no? Sau khi pht phi th no? Th no l ng? ng ri phi lm g?

Chng ta phi tr li r nhng cu y.

Ai pht? Cn b phi pht. Mun pht, th cn b phi hiu r chnh sch ca ng, ca Chnh ph, phi hiu qun chng, phi gn gi, hc hi qun chng. Mun gn gi, hc hi qun chng th phi lm sao cho qun chng yu cn b, tin cn b. T tng cn b phi thng, cch lm phi dn ch, phi ch cng v t, ng hn v pha nng dn. Trc khi pht th phi nghin cu hiu r ni mnh n lm vic: phong tc tp qun, cch lm n ca nhn dn, a ch bc lt cch th no? Nguyn vng dn th no? v.v..

Pht l th no? L phi on kt bn, c, trung nng; phi t chc h cht ch; phi gio dc cho h gic ng. Bao gi qun chng t chc hn hoi, chnh quyn trong sch, chi b chnh n, nng hi vng chc ko c 90% nhn dn tc l bn, c, trung nng, th lc mi tht ng c.

Cn b phi trnh bao bin, phi gic ng cho qun chng t h quyt tm u tranh i quyn li ca mnh, lc h mi ng ln c. Cn b khng th lm thay cho qun chng, ban n cho qun chng.

ng ri th lm g? Phi trit gim t ci thin mt chng no i sng cho nng dn, tc l cho i a s nhn dn.

Gim t khng phi ch mu li nht thi, v d: trc phi np cho a ch mt t, nay gim c 25 hoc 50 cn th a v n my hm l ht: th l ch ci thin c my ba. Gim t ri phi thi ua tng gia sn xut. Tng gia sn xut gip y mnh khng chin. Gip y mnh khng chin th no? Phi gip Chnh ph, gip b i bng cch thi ua ng thu nng nghip ci thin i sng cho cng nhn, cho b i, cho cn b... Mun tng gia sn xut th phi t chc hi i cng.

nh gic khng phi ch b i nh m thi, cn c dn cng na. Dn cng t trc lng ph nhiu. My x Vnh Phc, Ph Th dn cng i c t chc, c gio dc. Ngi nh c t chc gip ngi i. Ngi i thi ua vi ngi nh. Khi i c hoan tng, khi v c hoan nghnh. Ni tm li dn cng c t chc hn hoi th lm vic c nhiu hn dn cng khng c t chc. Kho t chc dn cng, khng lng ph dn cng, th nh hng tt n vic tng gia sn xut.

Th l pht ng qun chng gim t phi i i vi thi ua tng gia sn xut, thi ua ng thu nng nghip, i dn cng, t chc hi i cng.

Gim t th ai c li? Nng dn c li. Ai b thit? a ch b thit. Cho nn khng phi a ch no cng sn sng thi hnh gim t. C bn a ch tm cch chng li. T ch n ph hoi, n ch n lin lc vi gic, vi b nhn. Nng dn phi t chc dn qun v cng an x, gi ly quyn li ca mnh, ngn nga Vit gian, gin ip, khng chng n ph. Th l xung quanh vn pht ng qun chng gim t c nhiu vn khc na.

Cn phi pht trin bnh dn hc v, thanh ton nn m ch. Th d: nng dn mun hc tp cy cy, ging git theo li mi, th phi bit ch xem sch bo.

Ch em ph n c con, mun tng gia sn xut th khng th mi ngi ngi nh gi con. Cho nn cn t chc ch gi tr.

B i cn thm ngi, khi gim t ri, nng dn c t chc ri, th phi gio dc thanh nin hng hi tng qun nh gic, gii phng dn tc, bo v T quc.

Lin X lm cch mng x hi ch ngha, ri chia rung t cho nng dn ngay. Trung Quc cch mng thng li n u chia rung t n y.

nc ta, chnh sch rung t pht trin dn ln. Nu nng dn t chc gic ng kh th n pht trin nhanh; nu t chc, gic ng km th n pht trin chm. V vy, chng ta phi ra sc t chc v gio dc nng dn.

Tm li, cn b phi nm vng chnh sch ca ng, ca Chnh ph, i ng ng li qun chng, tuyt i khng bao bin, lc pht ng nng dn phi on kt gic ng h. Cn b phi ni cho nng dn r: khng phi gim t ri l ht chuyn.

By gi ni n a ch:

Pht ng qun chng, l d nhin l chng a ch phong kin. C cn b t mnh l a ch, hoc b m, b con l a ch, nhng cn b y ly th lm h nhc. Phi hiu rng phong kin cng l mt bc tin tt nhin ca x hi. X hi t ch n lng l, tin n x hi n l, tin n ch phong kin, tin n x hi t bn, ri tin n x hi ch ngha. Nu gia nh l a ch cng khng c g ng xu h. ng xu h l khi nhn dn tin b, x hi tin b, m mnh c kh kh gi ly t tng a ch, ch bit li ch ring ca mnh, khng bit n quyn li dn tc, quyn li x hi.

ngghen d l con nh t bn ng tr nn mt ngi thy dy ch ngha cng sn cho chng ta. nc ta c vi ng ch xut thn l a ch nhng h t nguyn hin ht rung t chia cho nng dn; nh th th khng c g ng xu h. D mc bn thi ln nhng hoa sen vn thm p. a ch m tht th tin b th cng nh hoa sen vy.

Cn b: nu cn b khng nm vng chnh sch, khng i ng ng li qun chng, th chnh sch hay cng ho d, tt cng ho xu.

Th d: Thanh Ho chng xa x phm, c ng khng? ng. Xa x phm ca ch tung vo vng ta, thu ly tin ca ta, dng tin c sng, c n bn li ta. Mua xa x phm l gip gic nh li ta. Chnh ph cm l ng. Nhng Thanh Ho thi hnh th no? Ngi ta i xe p, cn b tch thu, em v mnh dng lm cho dn on. Li nh cm nc hoa, chn ngi i ng li ngi u; thy thm th dn u ngi ta vo nc i! Tht l d man! Nh vic vn ng dn ging bng, lc, . Nhng ch ngi ta ging nhiu thuc l, cn b t tin nh ht ln. Th l chnh sch ng, nhng v cn b lm sai, cho nn dn on, hng vic.

Phong tro u. u th ch u vi ch, nhng c ni th gp ai cng u, u c vi c, bn, trung nng. Thm ch c ni dng nhc hnh. Th l d man. ng v Chnh ph c ch th: tuyt i cm nhc hnh, d i vi ngi c ti cng khng c nh p, v nh p l hnh ng ca quc v phong kin, l d man. Ngi no c ti, th iu tra cho ra, ri c php lut trng tr. Lm khng ng dn hoang mang, dn on, ch li dng tuyn truyn ph hoi chnh sch rung t. l v cn b tu, cn b khng trong sch, cn b kh di, mc mu ca bn phn ng khiu khch. Bn phn ng chui vo on th ca qun chng li dng lc u, xui dng nhc hnh. C khi chnh tay chng nh cht ngi phn tuyn truyn. Nu lm sai chnh sch, khng nhng dn ght cn b, m cn on Chnh ph, on ng. Cho nn cn b phi nm vng chnh sch, phi i ng ng li qun chng, phng bn phn ng ph hoi.

Khi i pht ng qun chng, cn b phi ht sc ch nhng iu . Sai mt ly i mt dm, ni no dn cng tt, lng cng nh gio; nhng v c nhng cn b khng bit t chc, khng bit gii thch tuyn truyn, li t t t li, khng cnh gic cho bn phn ng chui vo cc on th ri ph hoi.

Bt k vic to vic nh, lp trng phi vng, chnh sch phi hiu cho thu, lun lun gn gi hc hi nhn dn, i ng ng li qun chng, th vic g cng thnh cng. Tri li th tht bi. C vic b ngoi trng th nh thnh cng. Th d: nh thu nng nghip. C ni, cn b b a ch mua chuc b u dn ngho; mc thu tuy , nhng v mt chnh tr l tht bi: trt c gnh nng cho dn ngho, cn bn a ch khng phi ng gp. Th l b ngoi th nh thnh cng, thc ra th tht bi.

Ni pht ng qun chng, phi ni n ng bo cng gio. Thng cn b c thnh kin rng ng bo cng gio l lc hu, l kh vn ng. Ni vy l sai. Cha c cng c nhng ngi khng chin nh c Trc, c K v nhiu v khc.

Thanh Ho c mt thn cng gio, ai cng ni l kh vn ng. ng ch L An tnh nguyn i. n thn, thy ng bo lp nh, ng ch An lin ln lp nh gip, va lm va ni chuyn. Khi mi n, ng ch va n va ni chuyn. ng ch An khng ni mnh l cn b, khng tuyn truyn thu, dn cng g c. ng ch y ch ni nhng chuyn: b i chin thng th no, nhn dn cc ni hng hi i dn cng v ng thu nng nghip nh th no. ng bo nghe chuyn thch, i ng ch y ni chuyn ny ri chuyn khc. Kt qu l h t ng xin ng thu, xin i dn cng. ng ch An vi dn, n vi dn, lm vic vi dn nh ngi trong nh; tuyn truyn m khng ra mt tuyn truyn. ng bo cng gio rt yu ng ch y. n L ging sinh, linh mc n bo con chin sa son nh th lm l. ng bo bn vic cy cy, khng mun lm. Linh mc phi nh ng ch An. ng ch y i ni chuyn tng nh, by cho nhn dn sp xp cng vic v vn ng h trang hong nh th lm l. Hm L ging sinh, ng bo mi ng ch An ln ngi ngang vi cha, h ni: "Cha l cha linh hn, anh An l cha vt cht ca chng ti". Chuyn ny chng t ng bo cng gio khng lc hu, v kho vn ng nh ng ch An th nht nh vn ng c.

Ti mt ch khc, gia l lng cng gio, chung quanh l lng lng, cc lng chung quanh c gim t, c chia cng in, tng gia sn xut, lm n thnh vng. ng bo cng gio thy vy, t ng i tm cn b, hng hi t chc v u tranh i gim t, i chia cng in.

Ni tm li: ng bo thiu s hay l a s, lng hay l gio, cn b bit cch lm th u vn ng c.

Cn b ph n i vn ng, c c vn ng kho, n u dn lm g, mnh lm ny, thn thit nh ngi nh, th c thnh tch. C no khng ho ln c vi nhn dn, vn gi thi quen thnh ph, th vn ng khng thnh cng.

Pht ng qun chng thnh cng th nng dn c rung t, c m no v ph n c gii phng. Pht ng qun chng th bi dng c nng dn, y mnh mi mt cng tc khng chin kin quc. Cc c cn hc tp, rn luyn trong cng tc pht ng qun chng, kt hp n vi phong tro ph n v chnh n t chc ph n nng thn.

Ni thng 3-1953.

Ti liu lu ti Cc lu tr

Vn phng Trung ng ng.

CT GIY THP

Ti i cng tc qua lng T.L. ng bo ang khai hi, kim im cng tc thu nng nghip. Ti cng tham gia. n mc ph bnh v t ph bnh, dn lng pht biu kin rt si ni. Mt ch ph n ni: "Gn lng ta, c mt ct giy thp b mi n, ng xung 4, 5 hm, m cc anh cn b vn cha cho thay ct khc. Th l khng bit gi gn ca cng, nh li Bc dy...". Ch tch x v b th chi b u nhn li, v ha sng hm sau nht nh sa li ct giy thp.

Tip li, my thanh nin nng dn ni: " l khuyt im chung ca mi ngi. Sng mai, thanh nin nht nh xung phong trng li ct giy thp". Mi ngi v tay.

Mt c ph lo ni: "Bo v ca cng, l bn phn ca mi ngi cng dn. Ti ngh: T nay, h ai thy ng hng hoc ct giy thp xiu ng, th phi lp tc bo co, ng vin dn lng i cha ngay". Mi ngi v tay tn thnh.

Ti mng thm rng: nhn dn, b i, cn b u bit bo v ca cng, l thm mt bng chng t r khng chin nht nh thng li, kin quc nht nh thnh cng.

C.B.

Bo Nhn dn, s 103,

t ngy 26 n 30-3-1953.

BI NI TI LPCHNH NG TRUNG NG KHO 2

Th gii c mu thun, c hai phe.

Trong nc c mu thun, c hai phe.

Trong mnh cng c mu thun, c hai phe.

Ci rt d hiu.

Trong mnh c hai phe: mt phe thin v mt phe c. Hai phe cng u tranh vi nhau.

Nu u tranh phe thin thng th phe c phi bi.

Nu khng u tranh m cho phe thin bi, th l hng.

Ci to th gii l vic to, phi trng k gian kh.

Khng chin ci to nc nh cng phi trng k v gian kh. Mun ci to mnh, cng phi trng k v gian kh, ch khng phi l d u.

Nu chnh mnh tham bo ngi ta lim khit c c khng? Khng c. Mnh trc ht phi sing nng, trong sch th mi bo ngi ta trong sch, sing nng c.

Ai cng thy sing nng, trong sch l tt. iu khng ai chi ci c. Th m v sao vn khng lm hay khng lm c? Chng nhng khng lm c m cn lm tri li? l v ci tm mnh khng chnh.

Phi thy k ch trong mnh ta n mnh lm. quc bn ngoi c th dng sng dng n nh c. K ch trong ngi khng th dng lu n m nm vo c; n v hnh, v nh, khng dn ra thnh trn, lun lun ln lt trong mnh ta. N kh thy, kh bit, nn kh trnh. Nhng bit vic phi th kin quyt lm.

Lm khng phi chuyn d. N kh nh tro ni, rt gay go v c khi nguy him l ng khc.

Nh hi trc, lm cch mng mt u l thng.

Nhng bit l phi th lm. Mnh b hy sinh th ngi khc s lm. Ngi khc b hy sinh th ngi khc na li lm.

Kin quyt lm. Chnh tm l nh vy.

*

* *

By gi ni n tnh, n ngha:

C ngi ni: ngi cng sn l v tnh, l bt hiu. Con lm cch mng c khi phi b c b m. Ci c khng? C.

Ngi kin quyt cch mng nht li l ngi a tnh, ch hiu nht. V sao? Nu khng lm cch mng th chng nhng b m mnh m hng chc triu b m ngi khc cng b quc phong kin giy v.

Mnh khng nhng cu b m mnh m cn cu b m ngi khc, b m ca c nc na.

Phi hiu ch hiu ca cch mng rng ri nh vy.

V tnh cng th.

Con ngi d l xu, tt, vn minh hay d man u c tnh.

Ngi cch mng hiu tnh mt cch khc.

Hy cn nhc:

B thi gian, cng tc theo ui mt ngi con gi, hay bo bo mun cho v con thanh nhn nhng khng lo vic nh vic nc. Ci no nng, ci no nh?

Gia nh to (l c nc) v gia nh nh: ci no nng, ci no nh? Ngi cch mng chn gia nh to. V ngi cch mng bit nu gia nh to b p bc, bc lt th gia nh nh s suy sp, khng pht trin c. V vy khng th bo bo gi gia nh nh m khng ngh n gia nh to.

y l cch hiu xa thy rng.

Phi hy sinh ci nh cho ci ln.

Phi hy sinh ci ring cho ci chung.

Ch tnh, ch hiu, cng phi hiu mt cch rng v hiu nh th mi l ng. Gia li ch ring v li ch chung phi chn ly mt. M phi chn ci ch chung.

n ch ngha x hi hay ch ngha cng sn, gia nh chung c hnh phc th gia nh ring cng c hnh phc.

V vy trong lc cch mng gay go phi chn ci ln. Nu phi hy sinh gia nh nh cho gia nh ln cng phi lm. Phi dt khot, tuyt i khng c chn gia nh nh.

C mt s cn b khng yn tm cng tc l v khng hiu ci . Phi hy sinh ci ring, ci nh phc v ci chung, ci to.

By gi tr li phe thin, phe c trong mnh. Th d: phe thin lm cho mnh cc kh, gay go, nguy him nh tro ni; cn phe c th n nh a mnh xung ni mt cch m du, nhng ci xung l xung h.

V vy phi u tranh.

Nu phe c thng th gy ra chng bnh ni chung l c nhn ch ngha. T gy ra nhiu bnh khc.

V c nhn ch ngha nn t li ch ring ln trn li ch chung, ri sinh ra v k lut, v t chc, tham a v, tham danh vng, b phi, tham , lng ph, quan liu, v.v..

Phi u tranh anh thin thng. Nu anh thin trong mnh thng th phe thin trong nc, ngoi nc s mnh.

Lm sao cho anh thin thng?

Phi hc tp, hc tp trong vic lm hng ngy, trong vic ln cng nh vic nh, vic cao cng nh vic thp. Phi nghin cu ch ngha Mc - Lnin v p dng vo cng tc hng ngy.

Phi hc hi qun chng.

C ngi cho l "dn ngu khu en". Th l tm by. Dn rt thng minh. Qun chng kinh nghim, sng kin rt nhiu. Ch cn mnh c bit hc hay bit li dng m thi.

Mt ci gip cho mnh na l ph bnh v t ph bnh.

Trong nm nay, c mt c hi cho tt c cc cn b trong ng v ngoi ng th thch t tng, lp trng, thi . Tc l pht ng qun chng.

C mt cu hi phi tr li dt khot:

Anh ng v phe no? Cch mng ta l cch mng dn tc dn ch. Cch mng dn tc dn ch tc l cch mng dn cy (do v sn lnh o) m cch mng dn cy l phi c chnh sch rung t ng.

Khng chin tc l cch mng, mun khng chin thng li th phi c chnh sch rung t ng.

Ta c tn thnh khng chin thng li khng?

tn thnh khng chin thng li th phi tn thnh chnh sch rung t. Khng c nc i.

Phi thc hin cho k c chnh sch rung t. Phi dt khot. Khng c ng chng chnh. Khng c phe th ba. Th gii c hai phe. Trong nc c hai phe. Trong mnh cng c hai phe. Phi r rng. C nhng cn b hoc l mnh, hoc b m, anh em, ch bc, c rung. i vi anh em , vic dt khot khng phi d. N kh nh tro ni.

Nhng c tro khng? Tro th phi kh nhc. Khng phi khng ai gip anh, anh c ng, c nhn dn bn cnh. C tro th mi ln c nh ni. Vy phi c quyt tm.

Tm li, c hai con ng th gii, trong nc v trong mnh.

Theo con ng c th d dng, nhng ln xung h.

Theo con ng thin th kh nhc, nhng v vang.

Quyt tm l lm c.

Ci g kh bng lm cch mng, bng nh Ty, bng ci to x hi? Th m ta lm c.

Cn b c quyt tm th ci to c mnh, c nc nh, c x hi.

Ci b quyt thnh cng l c quyt tm.

Cc c cc ch c lm c nh vy khng?

Ni vo thng 3-1953.

Sch Pht huy tinh thn

cu hc, cu tin b,

Nxb S tht, H Ni, 1960,

tr.21-25.

TH GI CC N V B I TA C NHIM V TC CHIN THNG Lo8

Thn i gi ton th cn b v chin s,

Ln ny l ln u tin, cc ch nhn mt nhim v quan trng v v vang nh nhim v ny, tc l gip nhn dn nc bn. M gip nhn dn nc bn tc l mnh t gip mnh.

lm trn nhim v chin u, t trn xung di cc ch cn phi:

Vt mi kh khn, thi ua dit ch, chin u anh dng bn cng nh ta;

Nu cao tinh thn quc t, tn trng ch quyn, tn trng phong tc tp qun, knh yu nhn dn ca nc bn;

Tuyt i gi gn k lut, gi gn danh ting ca Qun i nhn dn Vit Nam;

Tt c phi c quyt tm rt cao, rt bn, tranh nhiu thng li.

Bc ch tin thng li ca cc ch v ang chun b gii thng cho nhng n v v c nhn no c thnh tch nht.

Cho thn i v quyt thng Ngy 3 thng 4 nm 1953H CH MINH

Bo Qun i nhn dn,

s 83, ngy 14-4-1953.

IN MNG NHN DP NGY GII PHNGNC CNG HO NHN DN HUNGGARI

Knh gi ng ch Racxi, Ch tch Hi ng B trng nc Cng ho Nhn dn Hunggari,

Nhn dp k nim ln th 8 ngy nhn dn Hunggari c gii phng khi ch thng tr ca bn pht xt xm lc Htle, ti knh gi ng ch Ch tch v Chnh ph nc Cng ho Nhn dn Hunggari li cho mng nng nhit v li chc thng li trong cng cuc kin thit ch ngha x hi Hunggari.

Chng ti tin chc rng tnh hu i huynh gia hai dn tc chng ta ngy cng bn cht trong cuc chin u chung bo v ho bnh v dn ch th gii, di s lnh o ca Lin X v i.

Ngy 3 thng 4 nm 1953Ch tch kim Th tng nc Vit Nam Dn ch Cng hoH CH MINH

Bo Nhn dn, s 105,

t ngy 6 n 10-4-1953.

NHN DP HI NGHQUC T BO VQUYN LI THANH NIN

i biu thanh nin ca 70 nc hp xong hi ngh Vin (th nc o), bn cch gi gn quyn li ca thanh nin. Nhn dp ny, C.B. c my li cng hin cho thanh nin Vit Nam ta:

Hin nay, quyn li chung ca dn tc v ring ca thanh nin ta, ang b bn quc Php - M v l phong kin b nhn xm phm. tranh li v gi gn quyn li ca mnh, thanh nin ta:

- Cn phi hng hi tham gia khng chin,

- Cn phi rn luyn mnh thnh nhng chin s kin quyt v gan gc, khng s nguy him, khng s kh khn,

- Cn phi yu lao ng v knh trng ca cng; chng quan liu, tham , lng ph,

- Cn phi tuyt i yu T quc, dng cm hy sinh cho T quc,

- Cn phi gn cht lng yu nc chn chnh vi tinh thn quc t chn chnh, tht th trung thnh vi nhn dn, vi ng v Chnh ph.

C.B. li trch mt on trong bi ht ca 16 triu thanh nin cng sn Lin X, tng thanh nin ta:

"Chng ta s chin thng tt c mi kh khn,

"Chin thng Nam cc, Bc cc v chn tri.

"Khi T quc bo chng ta lm vic g to ln gay go my,"Chng ta cng quyt tm lm c, khng ngn ngi, khng kiu cng."

cng l con ng v vang chung ca thanh nin th gii, v ring ca thanh nin Vit Nam ta.

C.B.

Bo Nhn dn, s 105,

t ngy 6 n 10-4-1953.

BI NI CHUYN LP CHNH NG TRUNG NG KHO 3

Trong khi ri, Bc thng c sch, sch mi c, c c. Hm nay Bc ni mt cu chuyn v sch c.

Ngy xa Khng T c cu: "n vic c bit vic mi" ngha l ta phi n nhng vic qua thy vic mi.

I. TNH HNH TH GI

Trc Cch mng Thng Mi Nga9 , bn quc chim hon ton th gii. Tt c th gii thnh mt khi ca quc ch ngha. Nhng t Cch mng Thng Mi Nga thnh cng th khi b mt mt mng ln bng 1/6 qu a cu. T nhin th gii chia ra hai phe: phe x hi ch ngha v phe quc ch ngha. Th lc ca quc co hp li, th trng do m cng rt hp. Do th trng rt hp, bn t bn thiu ni bn hng. V vy mu thun gia chng cng su sc. Sau i chin th hai, 3 quc pht xt c, , Nht sp , cn li 3 quc M, Anh, Php. Anh, Php st km v i chin th hai, cn M xa nn thit hi tng i t. Cng sau i chin th hai xut hin nhiu nc dn ch nhn dn. Tip sau n cch mng Trung Quc thng li, c mt khi to rng vi 800 triu ngi t ng u ti Vit Nam, Triu Tin tch ra ngoi khi quc ch ngha. Lm cho lc lng phe x hi ch ngha v dn ch nhn dn mnh ln. Tri li phe quc cng ngy cng suy sp.

A. Phe quc