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© Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.Page 1 Brussels, April 18th, 2013 Norbert Wenn @ COGEN Europe Annual Conference & Dinner
Lessons learned from the major cogenerationplants in Europe/Germany
Norbert Wenn, Head of Sales Support and Product Line Management, Energy Solutions, Siemens AG Energy Sector, Germany
©kadawittfeldarchitektur©kadawittfeldarchitektur
© Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.Page 2 Brussels, April 18th, 2013 Norbert Wenn @ COGEN Europe Annual Conference & Dinner
NuclearFossil
Renewables(incl. Hydro)
2050
611
20%
80%
2030
611
50%
50%
2022
611
0%
63%
37%
2020
611
5%
60%
35%
2011
611
19%
60%
21%
74
223
371
-80%
-40%
20201990 2050
Power Generation Energy EfficiencyCO2 EmissionsTWh Mt CO2
Increase share of RES in power generation to:35% (2020), 50% (2030), 80% (2050)
Increase RES share of primary energy cons. to >50% (2050)
Nuclear phase-out by 2022
Reduction of CO2 emissions compared to baseline 1990:-40% by 2020-80% by 2050
Increase of energy efficiency in primary energy use compared to baseline 2008:20% by 202050% by 2050
GDP(bn EUR)
TPEC(Mtoe)
GDPTPEC
2008 2020 2050TPEC: Total primary energy consumption
Targets of German “Energiewende”
Ambitious targets and far-reaching legislation are part of the German “Energiewende”
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
© Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.Page 3 Brussels, April 18th, 2013 Norbert Wenn @ COGEN Europe Annual Conference & Dinner
Sustain-able
Secure Supply
What frame work is essential that the electricity sector is sufficiently contributing to the CO2- emission reduction?
How do we ensure a sufficient capacity of flexible/ predictable supply capacity as back up for fluctuating renewables?
Afford-able
Target of the Energy Supply Sector remains unchanged, however questions to be addressed properly
Source: Siemens
How do we assure, that the Energy Transition moves efficient and cost effective for Industry and Households ?
Electricity market design needed to address further Security of Supply, Affordability and Sustainability
© Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.Page 4 Brussels, April 18th, 2013 Norbert Wenn @ COGEN Europe Annual Conference & Dinner
Source: A.T. Kearney: Paradigmenwechsel Erzeugung Juni 2011
…is supporting low marginal costs base load plants e.g. Nuclear, Lignite…
Marginal costs[€/MWh]
hydro nuclear lignite Hard coal Gas-CCPP Gas
Max. Demand
renewables Oil
Promoted production of renewables
increased over the last year
Capacity of nuclear power plants was
reduced from 20,5 to 12GW by the phase out
Low gas prices and new built CCPP lead to a
flattening of the merit order and to decreasing electricity prices
Margin Contribution (Deckungsbeitrag)
Merit order of the German power plant portfolio…
© Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.Page 5 Brussels, April 18th, 2013 Norbert Wenn @ COGEN Europe Annual Conference & Dinner
Gross- Electricity Generation 2012 (in TWh)
741
11
2011
304
247
740
11
2010
302
243 Coal
ÖlGas
Biomass/ Waste
+0,7%
CO2-Emissions (in Mio. t )
Source: Siemens; BDEW; Arbeitsgemeinschaft Energiebilanzen
…however CO2- emissions slightly increasing due to extended built out of coal over the last 5 years
Total: 617 TWh*
Generation in Germany: Coal and Nuclear still above 60%, high growth rate with Wind and PV…
© Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.Page 6 Brussels, April 18th, 2013 Norbert Wenn @ COGEN Europe Annual Conference & Dinner
We need flexible plants in the future:Power Generation Scenario 2020 (Germany)
Germany 2020: Up to 100% of the non-renewable fleet requires daily start-stop operation, load ramps of about 200 MW/min to be covered
Typical Summer Week (June 2020)
-10.000-5.000
05.000
10.00015.00020.000
2523211917151311975310
≥11h≥10h
≥9h
≥8h≥6h
Peaks
High wind day
Load ramps:Average: 52 MW/minMax.: 181 MW/minMin.: 0,467 MW/min
100% daily start-stop
Overloadresi
dual
load
[MW
]
2 GW
≥ 10h6 GW
≥ 11h
≥ 8h
1 GW
≥ 9h
4 GW
Peak
2 GW≥ 6h
2 GW
time [h]
© Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.Page 7 Brussels, April 18th, 2013 Norbert Wenn @ COGEN Europe Annual Conference & Dinner
Source: IHS CERA.20509-15
Fossil Generation in Germany…
Grid supportAncilliary servicesCHP…
Flexibility, the key feature
© Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.Page 8 Brussels, April 18th, 2013 Norbert Wenn @ COGEN Europe Annual Conference & Dinner
Source: http://www.dbresearch.de/PROD/DBR_INTERNET_DE-PROD/PROD0000000000221415.PDFSpeicher:DB-Research2008_KWK-Eckpfeiler-des-IEKP_16p.pdf
• German Government creates pre-conditions for CHP promotion by „KWK Gesetz 2009 / 2012”
Consequences and Figures for high Efficient CombinedCycle Power Plants > 2MW (KWKG 2012)
• Increase of promotion for CHP from 1.8 ct/kWh up to actual 2.1 ct/kWh KWK-Power
• Retention of the max. promotion volume of 750 Mio EUR/year
• Abolition of the max. promotion period of time (6 years) andintroduction of a promotion limit of “30,000 full load operating hours”
• Introduction of promotion mechanism for heat- and cooling storage
GER:ca.12% Aim: 25%
in 2020
Amendment of „Kraft-Wärme-Kopplungsgesetz“ 2012supports also the application of large CHP
Combined Heat and Power in EU 24 / Germany
© Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.Page 9 Brussels, April 18th, 2013 Norbert Wenn @ COGEN Europe Annual Conference & Dinner
SGT5-800 SGT5-2000E GT5-3000E / 4000F SGT5-8000H
~220MWe
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
SGT5-800
SGT5-2000E
SGT5-3000E
SGT5-4000F
SGT5-8000H
Possible heat extraction [MWth]
~585MWe
~ 440MWe
~300MWe
~60MWe
Possible heat extraction [MWth] and electr. Output CC [MWth] per GT-type
Possible Heat Extraction per GT-Type in large CHP–CCPP, Examples
s1
Slide 9
s1 Formateschne00t; 30/01/2013
© Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.Page 10 Brussels, April 18th, 2013 Norbert Wenn @ COGEN Europe Annual Conference & Dinner
LP Main Steam
HP Main Steam
Cold Reheat
Hot Reheat
Condensate
LP IP HP
Gas Turbine Generator Steam Turbine
Heat Recovery Steam Generator
Cold Reheat
Cross-over pipe
LP Turbine
LP Steam
Additional HeatingLoop in the HRSG
= Possible extractions for district heating
Fuel utilization factor ca. 85% (Based on 270MWth district heating)
LP Main Steam
HP Main Steam
Cold Reheat
Hot Reheat
Condensate
LP IP HP
Gas Turbine Generator Steam Turbine
Heat Recovery Steam Generator
Exhaust GasExhaust Gas
Cold Reheat
Cross-over pipe
LP Turbine
LP Steam
Additional HeatingLoop in the HRSG
= Possible extractions for district heating
Fuel utilization factor ca. 85% (Based on 270MWth district heating)(Based on 270 MWth district heating)
… the combination of standardization and customizing for the full benefit of the owner and operator
Combined Heat and Power with CC Power Plants in Single-Shaft Configuration by Siemens…
© Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.Page 11 Brussels, April 18th, 2013 Norbert Wenn @ COGEN Europe Annual Conference & Dinner
CHP – Concept development and Optimization
Conceptual design GT-Type Number of GTs HRSG-Type (2 or 3 pressure type, superheating, duct firing) DT-Type (condensate, back-pressure, one / more casings) Optimization of Cold End (LP-part sizing, Condensor sizing) Optimization Heating system (single-, multistage, peak load, …) Optimization Total plant (de-aeration, block control, fuel treatment)
Target value / Evaluation Target value and evaluation of electrical Power Output (per day / year, full-/ part load) Target value and evaluation of thermal Output (per year, inlet- and outlet temperatures) CHP Targets (calculation of subsidies) Redundancy-Requirements, Back-up solutions Iteration
Tuning
Special Competencies and Experiences required to optimize plant concept to full benefit of the client
© Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.Page 12 Brussels, April 18th, 2013 Norbert Wenn @ COGEN Europe Annual Conference & Dinner
Concept: Multi Shaft SCC5-4000F 1+1Net Power Output*: 416 MWelNet Efficiency*: 58.5%Fuel Efficiency: > 80%District Heating: max. 250 MWthCOD: 2001Fuel: Natural Gas*Performance data in condensing mode
Kraftwerke Mainz-Wiesbaden KMW 3, Germany (SCC5-4000F 1+1)
© Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.Page 13 Brussels, April 18th, 2013 Norbert Wenn @ COGEN Europe Annual Conference & Dinner
Special features District heating 300 MWth 85 % fuel efficiency CO2- Emissions less than 325 g/kWh
LauswardDüsseldorf
SCC5-8000H 1S
Customer Stadtwerke
Düsseldorf
Total el. Power Output 596 MW
Plant efficiency >61 %
ST Type SST5-5000
Generator Type SGen5-3000W
Date of contract 05 / 2012
1st comm. operation end 2015
ECONOMICS:Highest fuel efficiency in CHP Plant by Siemens
© Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.Page 14 Brussels, April 18th, 2013 Norbert Wenn @ COGEN Europe Annual Conference & Dinner
Siemens ReferencesExample: Large CCPP with CHP
Plants with district heating or process steam extraction > 250MWel in EuropeProject Name Plant config. COD Condensing Heat usage Process
Operation Steam extr.Mainz-Wiesbaden (D) SCC5-4000F 1x1 2001 ~ 415 MW el. ~ 160 MJ/s th.Donaustadt (A) SCC5-4000F 1S 2001 ~ 380 MW el. ~ 250 MJ/s th.Köln-Niehl (D) SCC5-4000F 1x1 2005 ~ 410 MW el. ~ 265 MJ/s th.Ryavaerket (DK) SCC-800 3x1 2006 ~ 260 MW el. ~ 300 MJ/s th.Timelkam (A) SCC5-4000F 1S 2008 ~ 410 MW el. ~ 100 MJ/s th.Simmering (A) SCC5-4000F 2x1 2009 ~ 825 MW el. ~ 470 MJ/s th.Mellach (A) SCC5-4000F 1S 2012 ~ 838 MW el. ~ 400 MJ/s th.Diemen (NL) SCC5-4000F 1S 2013 ~ 435 MW el. ~ 260 MJ/s th.Lausward (D) SCC5-8000H 1S 2015 ~ 596 MW el. ~ 300 MJ/s th.Dormagen (D) SCC5-3000E 2x1 2001 ~ 570 MW el. 490t/hBASF Ludwigsh. (D) SCC5-3000E 2x1 2005 ~ 450 MW el. 560t/hAntwerpen (B) SCC5-4000F 1S 2005 ~ 400 MW el. 300t/h
Another 45 power plants with steam extraction between 4.5 and 135MWel for process or district heating purposes since 1990
Hea
ting/
Coo
ling
Indu
stry
© Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.Page 15 Brussels, April 18th, 2013 Norbert Wenn @ COGEN Europe Annual Conference & Dinner
The latest generation of CCPP are a key element for keeping the balance in the power supply system
Market challenges: Fluctuating feed-in and oversupply of renewable power Decreasing operating hours on fossil plants Highly flexible fossil units have to stabilize the grid
Our answers: Highest efficiency CCPPs to reduce fuel costs and CO2
CoGen / CHP design with max. utilization of heat and power Design for Flexibility (daily start-stop, shortest startup times, high ramp rates) Full grid code compliance for todays and tomorrows requirements
!
But ! Market must pay for what is needed Maintain an affordable balance between incentives, CO2-charge and market power Keep triangle of power generation: affordability, sustainability, reliability in balance
© Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.Page 16 Brussels, April 18th, 2013 Norbert Wenn @ COGEN Europe Annual Conference & Dinner
Siemens is a reliable partnerwho turns plans into plants
Thank you very much!
© Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.Page 17 Brussels, April 18th, 2013 Norbert Wenn @ COGEN Europe Annual Conference & Dinner
BACK UP
© Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.Page 18 Brussels, April 18th, 2013 Norbert Wenn @ COGEN Europe Annual Conference & Dinner
+7.6 GW (+31%) new built Solar PV capacity 2012 in Germany – Total installed capacity exceeds 32 GW
Source: Bundesnetzagentur: Datenmeldungen Photovoltaikanlagen (Stand: 13.01.2013); Bundesverband Solarwirtschaft e.V.: Statistische Zahlen der deutschen Solarstrombranche (Photo-voltaik), (Stand: 09.2012)
Installed Capacity (in GW) Solar PV, 2000 – 2012 in Germany
7.6
2011
24.8
7.5
2010
17.3
7.4
2009
9.9
3.8
2008
6.11.9
2007
4.11.3
2006
2.90.9
2005
2.00.9
2004
1.1
32.4
+31%
2012
0.7
2003
0.4
2002
0.3
2001
0.2
2000
in GW
HistoricInstallations
New build
55631316276641,282
20,000
2004
10,000
15,000
0
5,000
19,339
2011
2,220
2005 2010
11,683
2009
6,578
2008
4,420
2007
3,075
20062003200220012000
Power Generation Solar PV [GWh]
0.1
© Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.Page 19 Brussels, April 18th, 2013 Norbert Wenn @ COGEN Europe Annual Conference & Dinner
285 shut downs in 2009
1085 shut downs in 2011
October 2011
Shutdowns of wind turbines caused by grid shortage increase significantly. 407 GWh of wind based electricity got lost in 2011 due to shutdowns.(Study of ECOFYS on behalf of BWE)
Increasing number of shutdowns of wind turbines due to grid constraints already in 2011
© Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.Page 20 Brussels, April 18th, 2013 Norbert Wenn @ COGEN Europe Annual Conference & Dinner
Power
Time
Load
UnpredictablePower productiondue to renewables
Overload
Underload
Large-scale renewable
Unpredictable generation Wind power plants Solar power plants
Decentralized generation
Consumers turn to producers numerous small renewable
[PV&wind] Mixture between self-supply
and feed-in [PV]
Energystorage
Grid extension
Installed overcapacity
Flexible generation technology
Solutions
Challenge: Grid Stability
Intelligent grids
and devices
Renewable as well as decentralized generation leads to new challenges in power supply